Test.
Subject " general review human body "
Option I.
1. Muscular tissue cell is:
1) myocyte;
2) osteocyte;
3) Neuron.
2. Science, which studies the functions of a holistic organism, individual cells, organs and their systems - this is:
1) physiology;
2) anatomy; 3) hygiene.
3. Nervous fabric in the body performs functions:
Functional significance and consequences for obesity and type 2. S. type diabetes. Equally contributed to the development and writing of this work. We will consider information on existing hypotheses regarding the anatomy of brown adipose tissue. Why is it located where he is in humans? Its anatomical distribution is likely to give the value of survival, protecting critical organs from hypothermia by adaptive thermogenesis.
Brown adipocytes defined by histology disappear from the interplanted adipose gasket in infancy and at 10 years from the inguinal and front areas of the abdominal wall. This included the dominant test area, as well as paraspilly and para -ortal regions, the axillary depot, mediastum and close to the adrenal glands.
1) regulation of life processes;
2) the movement of substances in the body;
3) protection against mechanical impacts.
4. In the thoracic cavity of the person are located:
1) stomach;
2) kidneys;
3) esophagus.
5. The number of axons in the nervous cell may be:
1)2;
2) 1;
3) a lot.
6. Teaching about tissues is science:
1) histology;
Regulation of temperature blood vessels
Another estimate that was not reported in animal studies is a share of heat generated, which will diffuse outward for heating the adjacent organ.
Estimated functional role in vasomotor reactivity
The same consideration refers to the choice of the injection site of a therapeutic agent, which can contribute to the local brown adipogenesis.In particular, its role is important in protecting Central and Vegetative nervous system from cold. It was not reported on potential conflicts of interest related to this article. C. Developed and wrote a manuscript and prepared Fig. 1. C. Developed and wrote a manuscript and prepared fig. 2 and 3.
2) cytology;
3) Embryology.
7. Cells of cells and non-tossing agents performing general functions and possessing a similar structure, ~ this:
1) organ;
2) system of organs;
3) Fabric.
8. The main inorganic substance of bone tissue is salts:
1) potassium;
2) magnesium;
3) calcium.
9. Iron located on the bottom surface of the brain,- this is:
Blooding system of fruit
Unexpected evidence of active brown adult tissue in adults. Cold activated brown adipose tissue healthy men. Functional brown fatty tissue in healthy adults. Various metabolic reactions of human brown adipose tissue on cold and insulin activation.
The oxidative metabolism of brown adipose tissue contributes to energy consumption during acute cold exposure in humans. Identification and importance of brown adult tissue in adults. The distribution and development of brown adipocytes in the mouse and human fat body.
1) pituitary
2) epiphysis;
3) parachitoid gland.
10. Tendons are formed from fabric:
1) muscular;
2) connective;
3) epithelial.
11. The liquid internal environment forms a fabric:
1) epithelial;
2) muscular;
3) connecting.
12. Nervous fabric has the following properties:
1) only conductivity;
High prevalence of brown adipose tissue in adults. Associated with age reducing cold-resistant brown adipose tissue and fat accumulation in healthy people. Thermal visualization for evaluation age-related changes Skin temperature in the test area combined with brown adipose tissue in healthy children.
Thyroid hormone induced brown fatty tissue and improved diabetes in a patient with extreme insulin resistance. Maze body is the largest bundle of nerve fibers in the brain. It is an intermetrack commissure, which allows you to link similar territories of the hemispheres of the brain.
2) excitability and conductivity;
3) excitability, conductivity and reduction.
13. The similarity of the animal cage with vegetable is available:
1) chloroplasts;
2) cell wall;
3) kernels and cytoplasm.
14. Chromosomes in the cage are involved:
1) in protein synthesis;
2) energy exchange;
3) the formation of threads of the filament of division.
Its main function is to transfer the right hemisphere the brain so that they work together and complemented each other. This is a fundamental region, so the injury or the ugliness of the corpus body causes multiple changes in both operation and human intelligence.
This article discusses the anatomical and functional characteristics of the corn body, the properties of development are considered and diseases associated with this structure of the brain are discussed. The body of the corn body - a sheet that forms a quadrangular region and transversely spreads from one hemisphere to another.
15. Organo cells are:
1) only in the kernel;
2) only in the cytoplasm;
3) in the kernel and cytoplasm.
1 b. The diaphragm separates:
1) breast cavity from abdominal;
2) cavity pelvis from abdominal cavity;
3) Breast cavity from the pelvis cavity.
17. Organic substances Cells are:
1) water;
2) proteins;
3) Mineral salts.
This is an association system that combines two half of the brain through the relationship of the asymmetric points of the cortex. In the lateral direction, he draws an arc of lower concavity, which covers the optical nuclei and ventricular cavities. His back end is cumbersome and is a "runner" of the corpulent body.
Changing time and location bookmarks
The lower end bends and called "knee". It ends with a sharp end, which is known as peak. Its length of the upper face ranges from 7 to 8 centimeters, and on the bottom face from 6 to 7 centimeters. Runner of the corpulent body has a length of 15 mm. The body of the corn body has a large number of structures. However, from an anatomical point of view, it consists of three main parts: body or torso, runner and knee.
18. Ignition multilayer epithelium Forms:
1) the cornea of \u200b\u200bthe eye;
2) the walls of the stomach;
3) upper layer Skin.
19. Inorganic cell substances- this is:
1) nucleic acids;
2) Fats;
3) Mineral salts.
20. The division of a conventional somatic cell consists of phases in quantity:
1)4 ; 2) 6; 3)2.
Test.
The topic "General Overview of the Human Organism".
Each of these parts belongs to another area of \u200b\u200bthe corpus body and has certain characteristics. The body or body of the cornistic body make up the upper edge of the structure. It has a convex shape on the back and flat or slightly concave in the transverse region.
In the body there is a longitudinal groove, which leads to the consequence of a rap of the corn body. On each side of this groove there are two small cords known as longitudinal grooves. The lower surface of the body is convex in the transverse direction and has a concave shape in the front seat. In the midline, it has a lucid partition, and it is in contact with Trina's transverse fibers.
In a r and n t ii
/. The structural unit of nervous tissue is:
1) neuron;
2) myocyte;
3) lymphocyte,
2. Science examining the structure of the body, its organs and systems,- this is:
1) physiology;
2) psychology;
3) Anatomy.
3. Science on the general laws of mental processes and individual personality properties of a person ~ this is:
The impeller is the rear end of the corpulent body. This is a rounded area formed during the folding of the core body itself in itself. Between the runner and the trigon there is a cleft, which binds to the side ventricles. Finally, the knee is a name that gets the front end of the corpus body. This is the thinnest region and has a curve down and back.
The knee is formed by reflected fibers that continue down the sharp part of the beak. On the underside there are two whitish tracts called molding body color. The corpus body body develops mainly during the prenatal period, following the forearm. That is, the Rostrum Zone begins to develop and ends in the knee.
1) histology;
2) psychology;
3) Anatomy.
4. Section Medicine on Creating Terms for Conservation and Strengthening Health- this is:
1) anatomy;
2) psychology;
3) hygiene.
5. In the abdominal cavity are:
1) spinal cord;
2) liver;
3) Light.
6. Iron, located in the abdominal cavity behind the stomach- this is:
Most of the authors who explored his structure and development, argue that the bodies of the body's body has 7 subsections with a different functional anatomical meaning. Rostrum or Peak: corresponds to the orbital region of the prefrontal fraction and the lower prime cortex. Front medial body: It is formed by the fibers of the Association of Motor Objects and Fractions.
- Knee: associated with the rest of the prefrontal lobe.
- Rostral body: establishes relations between prime and additional zones.
- The experiencing: formed by the fibers of the upper part of the association.
- Ralea: formed by connecting fibers of the bottom of the temporal share and bark.
1) adrenal gland;
2) pancreas;
3) sex.
7. Nervous tissue is formed:
1) neurons;
2) dendrites, axon;
3) neurons and neurogly.
8. The bone's periosteum is formed:
1) dense connective tissue;
2) cartilage;
3) special bone tissue.
9. Anatomically separate part of the body having a clear structure and performing certain functions is:
Thus, at the moment of birth, all the beams of the corpulent body are already developed. Nevertheless, he continues in childhood or even at a later age. In this sense, several studies show that the corn body is experiencing a linear increase in its sagittal region aged from 4 to 18 years.
The reason for the postnatal ripening of the corpus body is not entirely clear. However, it is postulated that this may be due to the myelinization of the fibers, which occurs in childhood and adolescence. Mahelined axons of neurons of the corpulent body allow you to quickly distribute neural impulses and are necessary to purchase cognitive, emotional, behavioral and motor functions on different stages Maturation.
1) cell;
2) fabric;
3) organ.
10. By its chemical nature enzymes- this is:
1) proteins;
2) Fats;
3) Carbohydrates.
11. Inorganic cell substances are:
1) water;
2) proteins;
3) Carbohydrates.
12. Bone tissue cell is:
1) osteocyte;
2) neuron;
3) Myocyt.
13. Organic cage substances this:1) water;
Maturation and the development of the corpulent body
In several studies, the focus was on the analysis of what physiological variables, changes in maturation and emotional and behavioral changes are associated with the development of the corpulent body. In this sense today there is extensive literature on the effects and functions performed by the ripening of various areas of this brain structure.
Striking physiological variables during development
The most important brain processes. The dynamic activity of the brain development occurs in the uterus. However, the changes continue in the first years of life. Semi-axes are the latter for myelinat. In this sense, primary sensory and motor regions are identified in front of the frontal and darken associations.
2) ATP;
3) Mineral salts.
14. The heart is a body that is the main system:
1) excretory;
2) blood circuit;
3) respiratory.
75. Kidneys - organs that are part of the system:
1) sexual;
2) digestive;
3) excretory.
16. Ribosomes - Organo, which in the cell perform a function:
1) the formation of a substance rich in energy;
Behavioral and neurobiological changes
Similarly, with growth there is a decrease in the number of synapses and an increase in the complexity of dendritic arbonings. The synaptic density is preserved up to four years of life, and at this time it begins to decrease due. Related changes in the corpulent body are associated with a number of psychological and neurobiological variables. In particular, it was shown that the thickening of the knee and the slider is positively connected with the following elements.
Behavioral changes between the first and fourth years of life
Voluntary control and search for objects presented in the field of view during the first three months of life. The development of sensory functions, such as binocular vision, awareness and visual accommodation. The appearance of a prelinguistic verbal language during the first twelve months of life.
- Expansion and turn of the head.
- The ability to take objects with both hands and crawl for 9 months of life.
2) assembly of a protein molecule;
3) the formation of threads of the separation of division.
7 7. The period between two cell divisions by duration:
1) in short than the division itself;
2) is equal to the division period;
3) much longer than the division itself.
18. The number of chromosomes in each of the daughter cells after the initial maternal division:
Behavioral changes between the fourth and seventh years of life
In particular, these variables usually appear from 2 to 3 years. The ability to climb the stairs with one foot, ride a three-wheeled bike and dress. Development of the first linguistic level: utterance of two-bed phrases, designation of body parts, the use of questions and the development of well-structured proposals. The presence of hearing asymmetry: left hemisphere Developed faster in the analysis of verbal information and the right in processing non-verbal information. The ability to go up and down the stairs with two legs. . In this sense, a number of changes related to the ripening of the corn body has been fixed up to seven years.
1) decreases;
2) remains unchanged;
3) increases.
19. A significant part of the cell is water that performs the function:
1) solvent;
2) energy;
3) information.
20. Well-pronounced intercellular substance is characteristic of the fabric:
1) nervous;
2) connective;
3) Muscular.
Anatomically separated parts of the body with a clear structure and perform certain functions are called organs. Each body has its own, only inherent in the form and occupies a certain place in the body.
Mutations and recombination during sexual reproduction
Acquisition of the first linguistic level: speaking agerepeating four digits and significant colors.
- Development of ability to jump and tie the laces.
- Set preferences manually.
- Development of visual recognition and understanding read.
The functions of the right hemisphere differ from the functions of the left hemisphere, so to ensure the functioning of a single mechanism, you must connect both areas. Thus, this function is performed by a corn body, so this structure is vital for exchanging, acting as a bridge between both hemispheres and transmitting information from one to another.
Perceiving cell information usually have a lot of signals. Through some, they receive stimulating signals, through others - negative, brakes. All these signals are summed up, after which the change in operation should be.
Synapses are formed in the axon's contact places with the cells with which it transmits information. These areas of the axon are somewhat thickened, because Contain bubbles with irritating liquid. When the nerve impulses reach the synaps, bubbles are bursting, the liquid is poured into the synaptic slit and affects the cell shell hosting information. This is MB Another neuron, muscular or iron cell. Depending on the composition and number of biologically active substances contained in fluid, the cell receiving information can be excited and strengthened its work, or to slow down - weaken or stop it at all.
Akson is a long and only process that transmits information from the neuron body to the next neuron or to the worker. Akson branches only at the end, forming short twigs - Terminal. Part long process Dendrita or axon covered with shells is called nervous fiber. The main properties of nervous tissue - conductivity and excitability.
Dendrit is a process that transmits the excitation to the body of the neuron. Most often, neuron has several short branched dendrites. However, there are neurons that have only one long dendrit.
Neuron consists of body and processes. In the neuron body there is a kernel with round nucleoli. Neuron processes are distinguished by structure, form and functions.
Neuroglia performs a number of auxiliary functions. For example, nutrients from the blood vessel come first into neuroglia cells, they are processed there and only after that fall into neurons. Neuroglia cells perform both reference role, mechanically supporting neurons.
main feature Neurons - high excitability. They get signals from external and interior environment The organism is carried out and recycled them, which is necessary to manage the work of the organs. Neurons are assembled in very complex and numerous chains that are necessary for obtaining, processing, storing and using information.
Nervous tissue includes two types of cells: actually nerve cells - Neurons and auxiliary cells - neuroglia.
Cardiac muscle tissue also consists of muscle fibers, but they have a number of features. First, here the neighboring muscle fibers are interconnected. Secondly, they have a small number of nuclei located in the center of the fiber. Thanks to this structure, the excitation that occurred in one place quickly covers all the muscle tissue involved in the reduction.
A transverse muscle tissue forms skeletal muscles that work both reflexively and in our will (arbitrarily), for example, move the body in space. They are capable of both a rapid reduction and long-term stay in a reduced or relaxed state. Protective muscular fabric consists of long multi-core fibers. Nuclei muscular fiber Usually arranged under the outer membrane. Middle part Muscular fibers occupy contracting threads. They consist of alternating plates of proteins of different density (actin and myozin), so in optical microscope It seems to be allocated across (transverse).
Smooth muscular tissue consists of spindle cells with one sticky-shaped core. This tissue provides the operation of blood vessels and internal organs, for example, stomach, intestines, bronchi, i.e. Organs working in addition to our will automatically. With the help of smooth muscles, the sizes of the pupil, the crystal curvature, etc. change, etc.
Muscular and nervous fabrics react to irritation in different ways: the nervous tissue produces nerve impulses - electromechanical signals. With their help, it regulates the operation of cells associated with it. Muscular tissue is cut. So Nervous fabric has excitability and conductivity: when excited, nerve impulses conducts. And the muscular tissue has excitability and shortcutivity.
Spongy bone It has an intercellular substance in the form of plates - trabeculus (60% inorganic substance).
Bone - an intercellular substance is solid, located with cylindrical plates, between which are lacques with alive cells with osteoblasts. In the center of Gavers, the channel for which blood vessels and nerves. Gaverca Channels are connected by folkman channels. Nutrients come to cells due to cytoplasmic threads located in the bones.
Cartilage fabric It has a lot of intercellular substance in which lacuna with alive cells of chondroblasts are located. The cartilaginous fabric is located on the bone heads, forms air-and-point paths.
Fat fabric It has many fat cells located in subcutaneous fatty tissue.
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