Breton Spaniel (Breton Spaniel, Breton Epagnol) - detailed description dog breeds, photos, videos, features of keeping and history of the origin of the breed
Photo: Breton Spaniel (Breton Spaniel, Breton Epagnol)
Breed dossier
France
Group 6: Hounds and related breeds
Section 1: Continental Pointers
Subsection: 1.2 Spaniel type
The Breton Epagnole is a very obedient dog that loves to work with its owner and follow commands. Dogs of this breed are able to think independently, and therefore are especially distinguished in everything related to hunting, as well as all kinds of dog competitions.
The standard color is considered to be a combination of bright red and white flowers, chestnut and white, black and white, tri-color with chestnut and tri-color with black.
Height at withers 47.5-51 cm. Weight 10-15 kg.
A slender, compact, energetic, fairly broad-bodied dog, more like a setter than a spaniel.
The Epagnole Breton is a hunting gunpointing dog. It can hunt all types of birds, living both in the field and on the hills. Prefers to gallop, covering long distances. The operating style is “shuttle”, at a distance of about 50-100 meters in both directions.
The hunting passion, instincts and intelligence of these dogs are the fruit of the work of breeders and one of the main advantages of the breed. Puppies begin to work early; there are those who do this at 4-5 months. In addition, Bretons are temperature resistant and can work both in hot and cold temperatures, of course, within reason. The Bretons' tendency to apport is an innate quality.
In addition to hunting instincts, this dog also has guarding talent, which makes the Breton Spaniel especially popular.
The breed has earned respect not only as a hunting dog, but also as a companion, capable of bringing a lot of joy to its owner.
Like all hunters, the Breton Spaniel needs fairly long walks with active physical activity. He has quite enough energy to “put you on his ears”; he really needs a lot of movement and training. Although, if he has enough space and an active owner corresponding to his temperament, then the Breton Epagnole will show itself at its best.
The Breton Spaniard loves water and is a good swimmer.
Smart, lively, affectionate and devoted dog.
It is advisable to keep a dog outside the city.
Caring for this dog's coat will not be difficult, but it must be done regularly. The shedding of this breed is quite weak, but the dog needs to be brushed regularly so that the silky coat does not become tangled or matted. Bathing is recommended approximately once a month.
If you want to take your Breton Espanole into the show ring, he will probably need some light trimming.
It is necessary to monitor your ears daily.
Treats children and other pets well, provided that early age he has undergone the socialization necessary for a dog. Puppies of the Breton Epagnole breed are literally overflowing with energy, they love to rush around, run, and play, so the kids will have extraordinary fun with this dog.
Prone to dysplasia hip joint, seizures and breast cancer.
Unpretentious when it comes to food.
12-14 years old
History of origin of the breed
Bred in France in the 18th century, from a medieval spaniel, later blood was added english setters. The name of the breed comes from the French province of Brittany, where this breed was first mentioned.
Some of the first sources pointing to Breton are paintings and tapestries of the 17th century. The Dutch painter Jan Steen painted a lot of Bretons. Written mentions of these dogs date back to 1850. According to one version, in this year the priest Davis described his hunting with short and short-tailed dogs, whose hair was longer than that of pointers. The correspondence of the description is also confirmed by the fact that these dogs were loved by poachers, in whose business obedience is especially important.
In the 19th century, English hunters visiting Brittany (in northern France) left their setters, pointers and springer spaniels there while hunting was prohibited. Accidental crossbreeding with Breton farm dogs, used for hunting woodcock, resulted in a breed with good scent and quick retrieval. Breton epagnole began to gain popularity.
By the beginning of the 20th century, the breed had almost died out, but the French dog breeder Arthur Hainault managed to breathe new life into this breed.
It was first exhibited in Paris in 1904. In 1907, the first club of breed lovers was founded, and in 1908 a standard was adopted.
This breed is bred not only in France, but also in other European countries, as well as in the USA and Canada.
Currently, the Breton Epagnole in France ranks second in popularity among all breeds and at the same time is the most famous French breed in other countries. For example, in the USA this is the most common breed of cop.
On June 3, 2010, at a meeting of the All-Russian Canine Council, it was decided to open an All-Russian stud book for hunting dogs of the Epagnole Breton breed. In the American TV series "Sex in big city"features a dog of the Epagnole Breton breed.
Appearance
The Breton is a breed-like dog with either a short tail or no tail at all. Gives the impression of being stocky, neat, with harmonious bones, but not massive.
The head is wide, with an elongated muzzle. The eyes are dark or light brown. The nose is angular, dark, and matches the color of the dog in tone.
The ears are quite long. The tail is thick, held at the level of the back, docked to a length of 10 cm.
The coat is short, close-lying, thick, silky, slightly wavy, with feathering on the back side.
The Epagnole Breton is considered the smallest dog among the family of long-haired French pointers.
Psychological picture
The Breton is an open, sociable, hardworking and devoted dog.
Since this is a very energetic and active breed, the Breton Spaniole can also get bored very easily, because he always needs a change of impressions. Consistent training and a gentle but firm hand will help you and your pet understand each other and become truly happy.
The Breton Spaniel is an affectionate and balanced dog. Good-natured, gentle, playful. Smart and hardworking. Quickly adapts to new conditions. Barks a little. Obedient. If handled roughly, it can become timid. She is very touchy and requires affectionate treatment.
The Breton Epagnole is an intelligent dog that shows special talents in everything related to sport hunting. Calm, obedient and eager to earn praise from his owner, the British Spaniard is at the same time an alert, lively, and independent-minded dog.
At home it is a friendly and faithful pet, outside the city, in the field - it is a born waterfowl hunter.
Cheerful and grasping everything on the fly, the Breton epagnole is also very beautiful in appearance. Dogs of this breed need a gentle, but at the same time quite firm hand, because energy flows out of them in full swing.
A restless guy like the Breton Epagnole is best kept in a house with a medium-sized yard. It is best if the Breton Spaniole breed dog lives outside the city, as it will become bored in the apartment and will begin to splash out energy, destroying the room.
Easy to handle and truly loving to its owners, this breed can be a truly ideal pet, provided you take good care of it and spend enough time training it to keep it healthy. good shape and received sincere pleasure from life.
About the Epagnole Breton breed
What modern hunter does not dream of not just a good pointer or gun mate, but also a good companion who will calmly spend most of his time in a city apartment, content with walks in the park, but at the same time will not lose his natural talents - there is such a thing, this is - Breton epagnol.
Features of the history of the breed and the character of the Epagnole
On photo epagnol look like large spaniel, whose ears have not grown, however, this has nothing to do with spaniels. First mentions of Epagnole dogs date back to the beginning of the 15th century, we are talking about “everyday” chronicles, that is, a listing of everything necessary for organizing a large royal hunt in the territory of the modern French province of Brittany.
Also, these beautiful gunshots are immortalized on a huge number medieval tapestries dedicated to hunting scenes, the most famous of works of art, depicting French epagnoles, perhaps, are not tapestries from the Middle Ages, but paintings from the 17th century, belonging to the brushes of Dutch painters.
Then, in the 17th century, namely in 1896, Breton Epagnole breed was officially presented to the British Canine Society by one of the French aristocrats, and, of course, then received its first documentary description.
The club of this hunting breed, engaged in its breeding and improvement, began operating in 1907, in its official homeland, in Brittany, and still exists, uniting lovers and admirers hunting with Breton epagnoles from all over the world, including the USA and Australia.
However, this charming creature may well not hunt, but be a simple pet and best friend for children, thanks to its character. Dogs are very kind, patient, curious and friendly. This dog can spend hours watching your little one build towers out of blocks or put together a puzzle.
Breeders have also repeatedly noticed the resourcefulness of Hispaniola dogs, as if they understand what exactly the child or the owner is looking for, and bring this item or indicate its location with a jerky bark - be it gloves, a purse or a toy.
The characteristics of the breed include the absence of smell and love for hygiene procedures, both conducted by the owners and independently.
Description of the Epagnole breed
Epagnole Breton- small, one of the smallest among other representatives of the cops. These are stocky, solid in appearance, but at the same time they give the impression of some grace.
These gundogs grow up to 49 cm for females and from 50 to 60 cm for males, of course, we are talking about height at the withers.
Average weight – from 13.5 to 18.5 kg.
- Head
Regular shape, slightly rounded, with smooth transitions. The eyes are large, almond-shaped, rounded, the ears are triangular, in constant movement, the nose is fleshy, not necessarily, it often matches the color.
The body is very proportional, the neck is developed, muscular, and the chest is wide. The abdomen is tucked in, but not sunken.
- Tail
As for the tail, contrary to many misconceptions, it is not docked. Dogs are born with a very short tail, and sometimes without one at all. World standards allow the length of this organ to be up to 10 cm; at exhibitions, the ideal length is considered to be from 3 to 6 cm.
- Limbs
Strong, without curvature, thighs are noticeably wider than the shins, which, in turn, are longer than the thighs.
- Wool
The pile is slightly wavy and thin, with pronounced fringes. Color – white, with spots various colors. As for the shortcomings or defects of the breed, they will be disqualified at any exhibition if there are:
- defects in behavior and demonstration of inconsistency of character is aggression. Cowardice, lack of curiosity;
- violation of proportionality and difference from size requirements, including weight;
- sharp transitions in the lines of the head;
- white spots around the eyes - this is considered a sign of degeneration;
- bite defects.
However, if Epagnole Breton grown for hunting, these requirements fade into the background in comparison with the working qualities of his parents, and according to his heredity in this aspect.
Care and maintenance of epagnol
Not enough buy epagnol, still needs to be grown. In addition, you should clearly understand why this puppy is being acquired, what it should grow up to be - a companion, family dog, a star of the show rings or a hunter. This is what will determine from which breeders you should take a puppy into your home.
Regardless of your goals, raising a fur baby requires patience, care, free time, kindness and firmness, but not cruelty. If a person is busy all day long, but he needs a dog once a season to go hunting with comrades or for company for evening walks - Epagnole puppies There is no need to purchase, you should pay attention to adults who, for one reason or another, are given away or sold.
As for keeping the animal and caring for it, this dog does not require much. The main points in the content, in addition to feeding, of course, are:
- regular brushing;
- a long evening walk with the opportunity to run without a leash;
- games with ;
- regular preventive examinations at the veterinarian.
It is worth understanding that epañol- attentive and quite active, of course, this animal will happily watch a movie with its owner, lounging next to him on the sofa, but before that you will have to walk with him for a couple of hours, and perhaps go for a run or ride a bike.
As a city dweller, this will be an ideal friend for those who go jogging and generally try to play sports outdoors. fresh air.
Price and reviews about epagnol
The cost will directly depend on where they are purchased Breton epagnole puppies. Of course, if a dog is purchased second-hand and without the appropriate documentation, this is one price, but if you go to France to buy puppies and sign up for their purchase directly at the Breton Society of Lovers of this breed, the cost will be completely different.
The easiest and most reliable option for residents to acquire a purebred purebred friend is to contact the Russian National Breed Club, located in Moscow (the legal and actual address, that is, the office, they themselves, of course, do not live there).
As for the reviews about the breed, of course, from the owners they are extremely positive. And it cannot be otherwise, because, especially, this is part of the family, and not a household appliance or a set of cosmetic products to evaluate it and write reviews.
A separate line is the opinion of hunters who keep several dogs and evaluate exclusively the working qualities of the breed. And in this case, according to numerous reviews on specialized sites and forums dedicated to hunting, there are a lot of benefits, they learn quickly and work great.
Also, according to reviews, epanols prefer duck hunting, most likely this is due to their love of water and water procedures. However, dogs also enjoy hunting partridges and black grouse.
Buy dogs Epagnole Breton from good producers, without going outside it is quite possible for 26,500-38,000 rubles, the offspring of “show stars” are more expensive, but excellent hunters are cheaper, quite paradoxically, but a fact.
The country of origin of the species cannot be determined for certain, but the French consider it their national breed. Breton dogs are called epagnoles and spaniels. There is a version suggesting their relationship with Spanish bird dogs. The word "epagnol" comes from Old French and means - to lie down. Previously, birds were hunted not with weapons, but with nets. To ensure that only the prey fell into the trap, the dogs, upon discovering the game, stopped and then lay down. Many cynologists, based on the name “spaniel”, which means “Spanish” in French, claim that its homeland is Spain.
The first written mention of these dogs dates back to 1850. It was at this time, in London, that the book “Memoirs of Hunting in Britain” was published. It was written by a priest, Rev. Father Davis, who preached in these places and was a passionate lover of hunting. The canines he described were very reminiscent of modern epagnoles. Their special working qualities were also noted. Old-style British spaniels that came to England mixed there with local pointers, mainly pointers. According to dog handlers, this benefited them, having adopted from them an excellent sense of smell, stance and wide search. Later, they returned to France in approximately the same form as now. IN late XIX centuries were recognized as a separate breed.
"Bretons" were first demonstrated as a separate species in 1896. A little later, in 1901, a society of lovers of these dogs was created. It was also involved in developing the criteria for the standard. There was a lot of controversy about this. The first color standard meant “natural”, but nothing was explained in detail about it. The length of the tail also caused heated debate. Dogs were born with short tails and thought for a very long time whether to dock them or not. Subsequently, they decided not to interfere with the creation of nature, and over time, dogs with longer tails degenerated.
In 1930, animals were first brought to the United States, and a big “boom” immediately began. Demand went beyond all reasonable limits. In the post-war period, the breed declined in Brittany. Many individuals died as a result of disease, hunger, and fighting. After 1945, epagnoles brought from America revived the breed again. It has five varieties. Three of which differ from each other only in coat color, and the other two in size and a number of other characteristics.
Hunters of the Brittany Peninsula, with its famous Picasso Pass, at one time used this breed to catch burrowing game, and not as a pointing dog. At the beginning of the 20th century, experts noticed the great usefulness and mobility of the rack, which distinguished english dogs, brought to France. From this point on, work began to improve the working qualities of the spaniel by crossing it with the setter and pointer.
Thanks to selective selection, the once ordinary spaniel has been transformed over several decades into what is today considered the pearl of French cynology. For a long time now, the “Breton” has been imported into almost all countries of the world and has been able to earn the trust of hunters who have adapted to other breeds. For him it turned out to be not so difficult. People were skeptical at first, but later came to the same conclusion that this dog is not afraid of thorny thickets, thick reeds and water. She is able to overcome any obstacle, and has the passion of a true trapper.
Umberto Maragnoni, one of the most famous breeders of this breed, said: “It is a great joy for me to see that today this dog has proven itself in the field of competitions.” In competitions, they achieved a place of honor among pointers, both in quality and in the number of victories, thereby becoming one of the breeds in greatest demand. The activities of the Cavalier Maragnoni left a big mark on the history of the breed, thanks to careful selection work over the course of fifty years. His kennel “Kopizara” produced many breed champions.
To this day, Breton epagnoles are very popular. In their homeland, according to an unofficial version, there are approximately one hundred thousand of them. Of this number, there are more than five thousand registered purebreds. They are bred not only as assistants at hunting events, but also as family companions. Despite the fact that there are not many of them in Russia, they have already won the hearts of many urban hunters.
External standard and description of the Breton Epagnole breed
Breton Epagnole has a strong constitution. The height at the withers is 45–47 cm for females and 46–51 cm for males.
- Head rounded in shape with a protruding muzzle and lips. The breed's characteristic feature is a head shaped like a worn-out shoe.
- Muzzle- expressive and funny, not too long. Shorter than the skull, in a ratio of 2:3. The nasal trunk is straight or slightly curved. The nose is open and slightly angular. Its color is darker than the dog's coat.
- Eyes lively and expressive. Dark amber colors. In harmony with the color of the coat.
- Ears located high, slightly rounded. Almost without fringe, although covered with wavy hair.
- Neck the “Breton” has medium length, without a dewlap.
- Frame- short, square format. Never has a concave shape. The chest is deep with wide, rounded ribs. The croup is slightly sloping.
- Tail. They can be born without a tail, but those born with a longer tail have it docked. It can be maximum 10 cm in length.
- Forelegs with dry muscles, powerful bones, but the hind legs have wide, muscular, very rich thighs, abundantly covered with fringe.
- Paws. The toes are pressed tightly together and have almost no fur.
- Coat on the body it is thin, but not too thin.
- Color- white-orange, white-chestnut, white-black, tri-color black or savras.
The character of the Breton epagnol
A little treasure of the canine kind. These animals are literally programmed, will obey you. They have a kind, affectionate disposition. Always ready to receive affection from their owner. Epagnoles are adored by all family members. Always strive to take care of children.
The animals are very welcoming, which distinguishes them from other pointing dogs, which behave more independently and are quite correct in relation to others. But anyone can pet the “Bretons.” They also live happily in an apartment, which means they are wonderful indoor pets.
Breton Spaniards are expansive and love to play with children. They are smart, always active and tireless. They can be transported anywhere without any special means. Always obedient. With very stable nervous organization. They never bite. Excellent dogs that deserve an owner who can appreciate their wonderful qualities.
Health of the Breton Epagnole
Breton Spaniards are a fairly healthy breed. On average they live up to 12 years. To keep your dog in impeccable shape, you need to feed it well. Therefore, first of all, carefully consider your diet. It is through food that the animal receives the substances its body needs. For optimal results, your pet must receive the required amount of protein, fat, carbohydrates and mineral salts. A balanced diet is a necessary prerequisite for the harmonious development of the body, preparing the dog for an active, adult life, increasing resistance to infections and diseases.
But no one can completely replace veterinarian, so you should take your pet for checkups regularly.
- Wool. Does not require much effort at home. You need to bathe them once a week, using special shampoos and rinses.
- Ears. They need to be given Special attention. Since they are long, this means they are prone to infections. Therefore, clean and check ears needed regularly. This is not difficult to do: the ear is filled with the product, a small massage is done, and excess dirt is wiped off.
- Eyes. If the eyes of the epañol are dirty, they need to be wiped towards the inner corner. This can be done with a cotton pad and a soothing liquid.
- Teeth. To avoid dental problems, brush your teeth regularly. All the necessary pastes and brushes can be bought at pet stores. Provide your favorite Breton with edible bones for brushing their teeth. You can buy him preventative toys made from special materials.
- Claws. Hunting dogs are active, run around a lot, and their nails wear down. Otherwise, they need to be cut or filed with a file. The claws on the animal's dewclaws must be removed systematically.
- Feeding. Food homemade often leads to imbalance, and takes a lot of time to prepare. IN Lately, there is a wide distribution of ready-made feed suitable for immediate consumption. The most serious companies, after long and scrupulous research, have learned to produce food designed for the specific physiological conditions of the animal. For example: height or physical activity. When choosing concentrates, you should be extremely careful, preferring products from companies that conduct special studies on the selection of their composition. There is a misconception that it is simply vital for a hunting dog to chew bones. In fact, it is very dangerous! The animal's intestines become clogged, and the bird's bones have sharp edges at the break and can damage it. And the teeth of your Breton epagnol will wear down faster. You can only give your pet cartilage, but never bones!
- Walks. Every day, the Bretons need at least an hour of training. They will be grateful to you if you provide them with the opportunity to run around in an open space.
Training of the Breton Spaniel
Breton Spaniards love to please their owners, so they are easy to train. Puppies are weaned from the bitch at the age of two months and their training begins. At this stage there is no talk about training, since it begins at 7-8 months. Until this age, puppies remember best. They are taught everything related to behavior in the house: cleanliness, initial commands (“sit”, “lie down”, “toe”, etc.).
At 8 months they begin training. The dog is trained to game, that is, it cannot be touched when it takes off. While standing over the game, the dog should not move. Next they teach how to find a trace cross method- 80 meters left and right at a fast pace. At the same stage of training, the dog is taught to shoot. She must wait for the owner's command to bring the wounded animal. They also organize training on the water - they “lead” the dogs to ducks. The pet is taught that he must give up the duck, the owner moves away, and only after that he can shake himself off.
Pointing dogs search for game in the forest, swamp, and field. In open areas, the dog's search can cover up to 150 meters in each direction - "shuttle". The animal moves at a full gallop. In bushes, forests and thickets, it is necessary to reduce it. There, the direction of the air jets is changeable and the dog works in “figure eights” with circular walks.
When the epañol finds game, it takes a “stand” and does not move until the owner approaches it. Then it slowly moves towards the game, which is called “pulling”. Next, the dog makes a sharp jerk - “eyeliner”. The bird takes off and the hunter shoots. At the moment of the shot the animal must lie down.
They have won more dual meets than all other breeds. That is, they can be used not only in natural conditions, but they also perform in the ring.
Despite the fact that they can work at a great distance from the hunter, they never let him out of their field of vision. This makes training dogs very easy. They carry out any order. A person only needs to point in the direction, and the dog will tirelessly “iron” the field in search of prey. Neither prickly grass, nor other smells, are able to distract him from his favorite activity. To say that the sense of smell of these dogs is wonderful is to say nothing. In France they say about a person with excellent intuition that he has a nose like an epagnole.
They can, as hunters say, “pick up the scent” from a great distance. In open areas, they can smell a flock of birds at a distance of almost 70 meters. They have a very sensitive nose, which turns them into real hunting machines. It's big, wide and open. Allows you to breathe deeply and smell more. Bretons have a sense of smell 25 times stronger than that of humans.
Nuances when buying a Breton puppy
A Breton breeder must be a convinced fan of the breed. Carry out a careful selection of producers, often importing them from their countries of origin, in order to constantly renew the blood. Personally test them in working exams and in show rings. He must study with great attention the character, type, advantages and disadvantages of the applicants.
A lot of patience is required from the dog owner. Individuals for mating are selected in such a way that the puppies produced from them are distinguished by the maximum balance between natural qualities, typicality of the breed and harmony of forms. This work allows the offspring to combine the best qualities of their parents and ancestors.
Improving the breed requires large expenses, which are unlikely to pay off due to the small number of puppies obtained. Therefore, amateur breeding can be called the pinnacle of dog breeding nobility. Dog breeding is an art, not a craft. Therefore, if you decide to get this particular breed, you better turn to professional breeders.
Very often, when choosing a puppy, the question arises: “Which gender should I prefer?” As for bitches, they are more affectionate, affectionate and mature earlier. However, during estrus, which happens twice a year and lasts twenty days, they are unsuitable for hunting. The male dog has greater endurance and can work all year round, however, he is more irritable and less obedient.
If you are not a hunter and want to have this dog as a pet, then it needs to be provided with active physical activity. When you can't create the necessary conditions To fully maintain a “Breton,” then get a dog that is more suitable for you.
The breed is quite popular, but still the best breeding individuals are located abroad. In average pricing, a Breton Epognole puppy will cost from $100 to $1000. Puppies with some deviations from external criteria will be cheaper.
You will learn more about the Breton epagnol from this video:
The Breton Epagnole has not only an intricate name for the breed, but also an amazing appearance, which makes the dog popular in a variety of regions. In essence, this is a pointing hunting breed, which is often compared to pointers and setters.
An intelligent and obedient dog is devoted to its owner with all its soul, fulfills all his commands with pleasure and is always ready to develop. This is why the Breton Epagnole is an excellent choice as a companion pet or just a family friend.
Origin
For the first time, ancestors began to be bred in the agricultural area of the Brittany region, which is located in France. The breed is quite ancient, it has gone through years of transformation and selection, so little information exists about its formation. It is a reliably known fact that representatives come from the provinces of France, starting from 1900. Over the course of one century, the friendly and flexible dog has gained popularity throughout the country.
The first literary source dates back to 1850. A local priest in his treatises described a dog with a short tail, which is ideal for hunting in the north of the country. By 1900, the dog had become recognizable and began to participate in exhibitions taking place in Paris.
A detailed description of the breed (as the first standard) was made by a cavalry veterinarian in 1906. He introduced the world to a spaniel-type dog with a short tail (or all without it) and double colors (red and white, black and white, white and brown). These shades are still selected from modern Breton epagnoles.
In 1907, a male of the breed named Boy became the first representative officially registered by the canine community. In the same year, the breed standard was presented and approved, in which it was given the intricate name “ Breton dog with a short tail."
Description of the breed
The active Epaniol is classified as a Spaniel, despite the fact that there are significant differences in the appearance and character of these dogs.
Epagnol Breton has an average height - the height in the stake of males is up to 50 cm with a weight of 15 to 20 kg. Since this is a hunting breed, it must be lean and strong, always at its peak. physical fitness. That is why the animal’s body is muscular and powerful, but in no case thick or large-boned. It is believed that the Spaniel Spaniel has the most proportional dimensions (the height at the withers is approximately equal to the length).
The animal is known to everyone for its shortened tail (no more than 10 cm). Sometimes puppies are born without it at all, which cannot be considered a defect. Most people have their tail docked during puppyhood.
The dog's head is proportional to the size of the body, the shape is typical for hunting breeds. The muzzle is slightly elongated, but of medium length. Small and intelligent eyes are deep-set, and they are framed on top by heavy eyebrows. The eyes should be dark, but an amber tint is also accepted as standard. Unlike other breeds, the Epagnole's nose can be dark (black, brown) or pink, depending on the coat color.
The animal's snakes reach a medium length, but are shorter than those of the spaniel.
The torso is covered with long, wavy (not curly) hair without fringes, which also distinguishes the Breton Epagnole from its relatives. The length of the coat protects the dog from moving in bushy areas with thickets. Despite the density and thickness of the coat, the dog does not have an undercoat, so it can freeze when low temperatures. On the paws and ears the hair is slightly longer, but also without fringes.
Among the colors, the most common is white with a combination of other colors (red, chestnut, black, etc.).
Character and temperament
For many decades, breeders have been monitoring the working qualities of the Epagnole, raising it to be a gun hunting dog. Despite this, the breed is distinguished by its good nature, playfulness and endless devotion. Animals successfully transform into “cushion” pets as soon as they return after an exciting hunt. They quickly become attached to the owner and household members, are good-natured towards guests and other pets, and love small children.
It is necessary to understand that the Breton Epagnole is completely unsuitable as a guard or service dog, since he will happily “sell” for a piece of sausage or biscuit. Proper socialization allows a puppy to become an excellent “nanny” for a baby, a big brother for other pets, a friend and companion for an elderly person. The Epagnole "wins" even in comparison with famous companion dogs such as the Labrador or the American Cocker.
An obedient dog is highly trainable and enjoys learning new things, making its owner happy. The breed is ideal for both breed shows and active events such as obedience or agility.
Despite being active and inquisitive, the dog is very dependent on its owner and cannot stand being alone for long. Starting up little puppy, it is imperative to take a vacation to help the baby settle in and socialize, and gain the protection and love of family members.
Breton Spaniards are capable of working well on their own, but will happily pair up with another dog or even a pack. You can keep an animal in an enclosure with other breeds, since it has an unknown dominance, a sense of superiority, a desire to recapture territory, etc.
It is also important to remember that Epagnoles are considered one of the most highly trainable dogs. They have a high level of intelligence, so the breed was classified as one of the 20 smartest dogs. She easily completes assigned tasks, learns basic commands with lightning speed and is suitable for owners who do not have enough experience in training.
The animal loves outdoor games, active pastime, hunting, fishing and tourism, so keeping them in a small apartment is not very suitable for them. A muscular physique requires regular high loads, so you need to walk with the animal for hours several times a day. Normally, the Breton loves to hunt for many hours without a break at any time of day or weather conditions. If the animal does not waste its natural energy reserves, then changes in behavior and dominance occur. The dog may become timid, nervous, apathetic or angry, bark for no reason, rush around the apartment, damage shoes or repairs.
Breton epañol does not require special care, and is not picky about the choice of location, diet, or hygiene procedures.
- Wool cover. It is necessary to bathe the animal once a week special shampoos and wool conditioners. Do not forget to comb the coat thoroughly after washing to ensure natural shedding.
- Ears. They are a dog’s vulnerable spot due to their hanging shape and length. Often moisture gets into them, fungi or infection develop, and mites can get in. The ears must be inspected daily and cleaned with a sponge and antiseptic.
- Teeth. In order to prevent the formation of soft plaque and rough tartar, brush your pet's teeth using special soft brushes and paste. Also stock up on special dental bones for cleaning enamel. Schedule your pet for an ultrasound every six months. hygienic cleaning teeth.
- Claws. The Breton Spaniel spends a lot of time in nature, actively runs and digs in the dirt, so its claws grind down on their own. However, we must not forget about the claws on the dewclaws, which should be removed with a file.
- Feeding. It is best to switch your dog to professional food for active dogs, since it contains all the minerals and vitamins necessary for the animal. Periodically give the animal large beef bones(make sure you don’t bite it, just chew it), as well as cartilage.
Breton epañol – ideal breed for a large and active family that loves picnics, hunting, fishing and other outdoor activities. A caring and loyal dog will become great friend for every household and pet.
Video: Breton Breton Epagnole dog breed
The Breton epagnol or Épagneul breton (French: Épagneul breton, English: Brittany) is a gundog. The breed got its name from the region where it comes from.
In many countries, these dogs are known as the Breton spaniel, but they hunt in a manner more typical of setters or pointers. The reason for its great popularity among hunters is that it is a very intelligent breed, calm and obedient.
Abstracts
- This is a very, very energetic dog. She needs at least an hour of intense exercise a day, without which she can become destructive.
- In addition to the body, you also need to exercise the mind, since the Bretons are very smart. Ideal for training and sports.
- These dogs try to please their owner and there is no need to treat them roughly.
- They love people and do not like to remain for a long time without communication with their owner. If you are away from home for a long time, then get her a companion.
- They are friendly and love children.
- Do you want to buy a Breton Epagnole? A puppy will cost from 35,000 rubles, but these dogs are quite rare in Russia and cannot be found everywhere.
History of the breed
Breton epañol originated in one of the remote, agricultural regions of France and there is no reliable information about its origin. All that is known for sure is that the breed appeared in the French province of Brittany around 1900 and over a hundred years became one of the most popular dogs in France.
First written mention about the breed is found in 1850. Priest Davis described a short-tailed hunting dog that was used for hunting in northern France.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the Breton Epagnole was already quite famous in its homeland and even participated in a dog show held in Paris in 1900.
Another description of the breed was made by M. Le Comte Le Conteulx de Canteleu, who compiled a list of French breeds, among which was the Epagnole Breton. It was he who first mentioned the breed under this name.
The first detailed description was first created by cavalry major and veterinarian P. Grand-Chavin in 1906. He described small spaniels, with short tails or even tailless, extremely common in Brittany. He also mentioned colors: white and red, white and black, or white and chestnut.
These are exactly the same colors that are found in the breed today. In 1907, a male Breton Epagnole named Boy became the first dog officially registered with the canine organization.
In the same year, the first breed standard was drawn up. These dogs were originally called Epagneul Breton Queue Courte Naturelle, which translates to “short-tailed Breton dog.”
Description
Although the Breton Epagnole is a spaniel, it is definitely not like these fine dogs. Spaniel traits are present in it, but they are less pronounced than in other breeds in this group.
This is a medium-sized dog, males reach from 49 to 50 cm at the withers and weigh 14–20 kg. This is first and foremost a hunting dog and should look the part.
The Epagnole is muscular and very strongly built, but should not appear thick or stocky. Of all spaniels, he is the most square, being approximately equal in height to length.
British Spaniels are known for their short tails, and some are born without a tail. Docking is also acceptable, but it is extremely rare for them to have a tail longer than 10 cm.
The head is typical of a hunting dog, proportional to the body, but not very large. The muzzle is of medium length, the eyes are set deep and protected by heavy eyebrows.
Dark colored eyes are preferred, but dark shades of amber are also acceptable. The color of the nose corresponds to the color and can be dark pink, brown, or black.
The ears are of medium length, but quite short for a spaniel. Their coat is slightly longer, but without feathering, like other spaniels.
The coat is long enough to protect the dog when moving in the bush, but should not hide the body. It is of medium length, shorter than other spaniels, straight or wavy, but not curly. Despite the fact that the coat is very dense, the Breton Epagnole does not have an undercoat.
On the paws and ears the hair is longer, but does not form fringes. Almost every major canine organization has its own requirements for color. The most famous colors are white and red, white and black, or white and chestnut.
Character
Breeders carefully monitor the working qualities of these dogs and their character is typical of a gun dog. But they are also distinguished by their good nature. Most become nice family dogs after returning from hunting. They are attached to their owner and friendly to strangers.
These qualities make the breed completely unsuitable for guard work; they will happily welcome a stranger into the house. With proper socialization, Bretons get along great with children and are often the best of friends.
Even compared to such good-natured dogs as or, they win and are one of the best companions among hunting dogs.
This is an obedient dog, it is easy to train and if you are about to get your first hunting dog or want to take part in obedience competitions, then this is an excellent candidate. However, you cannot leave her alone for a long time, as they suffer from loneliness.
Although these dogs usually work alone, they are capable of working in a pack and prefer the company of other dogs. The Bretons are unfamiliar with dominance, territoriality, and jealousy.
Very rare dogs bully others, they get along calmly with them. Surprisingly, for a hunting dog, it has a high level of friendliness with other animals. The cops must find the bird and bring it to the owner after the hunt, but not attack. As a result, most Bretons are very gentle with other animals.
This is one of the most trainable dogs and it performs well in training. Her IQ level is very high and she is not out of the top 20 the smartest dogs. She easily performs tasks that baffle other dogs. If you lack experience in training, then this is one of the best dogs.
Breton epagnoles would suit almost any family if they did not need high level activity. For their size, they are extremely ill-suited to apartment life and even the immediate suburbs. They need a load and a high load. Only some herding dogs and terriers can compete with them in this.
A simple, albeit long, walk is not enough for them. Breton is able to hunt for 9-10 hours without a break, regardless of the weather. An hour of running or other activity per day is required, at a minimum. At the same time, they practically do not get tired and are able to drive the owner to death.
It is extremely important to meet her exercise requirements, since all behavior problems stem from unspent energy. The dog may become destructive, nervous, and timid.
Care
Breton does not require special care, just regular brushing. Dogs have no undercoat, so washing and grooming are minimal.
For show class dogs it is needed a little more, but for working dogs it is minimal. It is necessary to keep your ears clean, as their structure promotes the accumulation of dirt.
Health
Healthy, hardy, unpretentious breed. The average life expectancy is 12 years and 6 months, some live 14-15 years. The most common disease is hip dysplasia. According to a study by the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA), about 14.9% of dogs are affected.
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