Anthrax in Yamal today causes sabotage. Anthrax outbreak in Yamal: warming has awakened bacteria

MOSCOW, August 3 - RIA Novosti, Larisa Zhukova. Flash anthrax struck the Yamalo-Nenets District for the first time in 75 years. Recently it became known about the death of a 12-year-old child. The ulcer was found in 20 people. Another 70 remain hospitalized with suspected infection, more than half of them are children. RIA Novosti found out why the bacillus is dangerous, how to protect oneself from the disease and what the authorities and local residents think about it.

Causes of the outbreak

Quarantine in the Yamal district of the Okrug was introduced on July 25. Then it became known about the mass death of animals: more than 2 thousand deer died from anthrax. According to local residents, for about a week the media and the authorities did not report the incident: “We learned all the information first of all from social networks from relatives of doctors and rescuers of the Ministry of Emergency Situations ", - said a resident of Salekhard Galina (name has been changed).

"The scale of the epidemic was also influenced by the fact that at first it was believed that the hot weather was to blame and the deer were dying from heatstroke... Lost a week or even a little more this time, "

Narrated by local resident Ivan (name has been changed).

Anthrax was found in 20 Nenets. The figures were cited by the chief freelance specialist of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation on infectious diseases Irina Shestakova.

Anthrax hit Yamal for the first time in 75 years: one dead, 20 got sickIn total, more than 2.3 thousand animals died due to the outbreak of the disease. To eliminate the consequences of the outbreak of anthrax in the Yamalo-Nenets autonomous region sent military specialists and aviation of the Russian Ministry of Defense.

According to her, all the infected are nomadic reindeer herders who were in the outbreak of infection in the tundra. Most of them have a cutaneous form of the disease.

This is not complete data on the number of cases, District Governor Dmitry Kobylkin told RIA Novosti. According to him, to establish accurate diagnosis, it takes up to thirty days: today is only the eighth day.

In 2007, the mandatory vaccination against infection was canceled: scientists did not find anthrax spores in the soil, the governor said. The situation turned out to be extraordinary: the last time there was an epidemic was in 1941. I had to ask for help from the military: “It was hard on our own to quickly dispose of the fallen deer before they decomposed. And they are scattered over a long distance,” Dmitry Kobylkin said.

Why is the disease dangerous?

"Anthrax is quite contagious and causes a large number of deaths, - said Vladislav Zhemchugov, doctor medical sciences, specialist in especially dangerous infections... - The spores of the pathogen have been stored in the soil for centuries. The infection, which entered the ground along with the dead animal back in the time of Alexander the Great, remains active. ”According to the doctor, outbreaks of the disease occur after the activation of foci (leaching of spores to the surface) during floods, excavations or ice melting, as in Yamal.

The disease proceeds in different forms: cutaneous, intestinal and pulmonary. The pulmonary form, for example, was in the United States when envelopes with spores were sent out - this is the most severe variant of the infection. Almost one hundred percent death without urgent medical intervention: people lose consciousness and die within hours of infection.

"The cutaneous form is easier to cure, because the lymph nodes stand in the way of bacteria: they delay the development of the disease. A sign of infection are carbuncles - abscesses with a black top. Intestinal anthrax causes fever, pain in the intestines and diarrhea. The period from infection to death can make up a few hours or days, "Vladislav Zhemchugov specified.

Most often, infection occurs when eating or cutting meat from a sick animal. This causes real concern among the Nenets, since the main source of meat for many is venison: "Usually we buy one or two carcasses per season," said a local resident Ivan (name has been changed). "Now, not only will we not be able to buy meat, but we will be afraid to buy fish as well."

Against vaccinations

Anyone can get vaccinated against anthrax: ninety thousand doses of the vaccine have been delivered to the region. However, nomadic reindeer herders refuse to consider anthrax a real threat.

According to local media reports, the child who died of anthrax not only ate infected deer meat, but also drank its blood. "This is a traditional food of northern peoples who live in the tundra and lack food variety. Fresh blood gives them energy," said Andrey Podluzhnov. veterinarian and a breeder of red deer.

According to him, nomads meet with civilization twice a year, when they come to hand over deer for meat, and do not trust "people with big land"That is why many reindeer herders hide their livestock from recounting, vaccination and slaughter. Despite the fact that, according to the press service of the Governor of the Yamal-Nenets Okrug, 35 thousand reindeer were vaccinated, nomads continue to hide the animals as much as possible and take them away from meeting with rescuers and military:

“The reindeer for the peoples of the north is practically a totem animal. The whole life of a reindeer herder is centered around him. For a nomad, losing a reindeer means losing everything. This is their bread, home, transport. And it is extremely difficult to restore the population. For the local population it will be a humanitarian disaster, "

Andrei Podluzhnov emphasized.

No threat to other regions

The causative agent of anthrax can penetrate the water and dust raised from the soil surface from the region of the focus of infection. Despite this, experts note that the likelihood of such infection is extremely small. In the quarantine zone, doctors recommend drinking bottled water or from underground sources. The Yamal authorities also warned local residents that picking berries and mushrooms in the forest is now extremely dangerous.

As for other regions of Russia, birds could become the most likely vector of infection. But those birds that are now nesting in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug will fly for wintering in Southeast Asia, India and Australia, doctor told RIA Novosti biological sciences, professor of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosova Irina Boehme. According to her, the only precedent when birds hypothetically became carriers of the virus was during an epidemic. bird flu, but this fact could not be proved one hundred percent.

09:38 — REGNUM Quarantine has been introduced in Yamal in connection with an outbreak of anthrax among deer, the correspondent was told IA REGNUM in the press service of the Governor of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

Last week, signals from the Yamal region began to arrive that the reindeer were suffering from an abnormally high temperature, and a mortality had begun. By the weekend, the most difficult situation was observed in the herds of private reindeer herders near the trading post of Tarko-Sale of the Yamal region and in the reindeer herding brigade, which is close by. Losses among deer at that time amounted to 1200 heads. Working groups consisting of employees of the department of agro-industrial complex, social activists for indigenous peoples' affairs and the district veterinary service performed an autopsy of the animals, took samples of biological material for analysis, examined the tundra people, and gave the necessary recommendations to reindeer breeders. Analysis of samples taken from animals showed the cause of the death of deer: anthrax spores. Samples taken from the dead animals were examined at the Tyumen Regional Veterinary Laboratory and at the All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Virology and Microbiology.

From July 25 in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug by the order of the Governor Dmitry Kobylkin quarantine was introduced in the Yamal region. Although experts assure that there is no threat to people, the tundra people have been examined - no patients with anthrax have been found among them. Since July 22, next to the reindeer herders - these are 63 people - there is a general practitioner who monitors their state of health.

According to experts, the most likely reason for the infection of the deer was the place of the old death of a sick animal, opened due to the heat. There are no cattle burial grounds in the Yamal region, but given the viability of the anthrax pathogen - 100 years or more and its resistance to temperature changes - it is assumed that the deer in search of food stumbled upon the place of an animal that died from anthrax and then infected each other. Experts believe that the unusually warm summer for the Far North became the reason for the infection of deer. The thawed tundra, weakened by the heat and the touch of the deer, also contributed to the infection. For reindeer, the air temperature from 25 º and higher, taking into account the wind from 0 to 3 meters per second, is absolutely abnormal. The last time such a temperature was observed in the Arctic Yamal was in 1990. Now hot days - up to 35 ° C - have been observed on the territory of Yamal for more than a month.

The last case of an outbreak of anthrax in Yamal was registered in 1941, according to epidemiologists of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The causative agent of the ulcer can manifest itself at any time. Annually about 150 thousand deer are vaccinated against anthrax in the district, almost all large and small cattle and horses. The soil cover is regularly examined - last year alone, 10 140 land samples were taken, in all - negative result... Over the past 10 years, the veterinary service of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug has carried out bacteriological monitoring of 32 out of 47 “mortality sites” for anthrax, examined more than 200 thousand soil samples - no pathogen was found in any sample. In addition, annually more than 950 facilities involved in the production of livestock products in the territory autonomous region, undergoes veterinary and sanitary treatments (disinfection, disinsection, deratization), more than 58 thousand laboratory diagnostic tests for zooanthroponosis, quarantine and special dangerous diseases animals, the correspondent was told IA REGNUM in the Yamal Rospotrebnadzor.

According to the Rosselkhoznadzor, sporadic cases of animals with anthrax are recorded annually in Russia: 2-3 unsuccessful sites for the disease and from two to seven sick animals. From 2009 to 2014, 40 human cases of anthrax were registered in Russia, which is 43% more than the number of cases of illness in the previous five years. Anthrax has been found in three federal districts Russia: North Caucasian - 20 cases, South - 9 cases and Siberian - 11 cases.

Tents from the emergency fund of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug were delivered to the Yamal region, where 63 tundra residents (12 families) were housed, while disinfection is being carried out in the chums. The tents have everything you need: food, personal hygiene products, household items. V safe place helicopters transport primarily women and children. Some heads of nomadic families expressed their intention to stay to help 20 veterinarians and sanitary specialists. Serum has been delivered from Moscow - 1002 doses of anthrax vaccines. Tundra children were taken to the Yar-Sale boarding school in agreement with their parents. It was also decided to take the children for additional examination and prophylaxis to the Salekhard hospital. Last week, July 23 by board air ambulance to Salekhard clinical hospital an eight-year-old child was delivered with a boil around his neck. The boil was opened. Anthrax test results are negative. The child continues treatment in the infectious diseases ward of the hospital.

Chief veterinarian of the region Andrey Listishenko informed that now in herds there are rare isolated cases of mortality - mainly, previously weakened animals. The mortality was stopped thanks to the urgent vaccination of healthy deer and antibiotic treatment of sick deer. In addition, the weather had a positive effect on the well-being of animals - throughout the territory of Yamal the air temperature dropped, in some areas it rained.

After determining the damage suffered by reindeer herders, the issue of compensation for losses will be considered. Governor of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug Dmitry Kobylkin confirmed that the district will provide all help needed reindeer herders who happened to be at the scene of the emergency. “For Yamal, this is an atypical case, for the first time in many decades we are faced with such a situation. I can note the well-coordinated work of all participants in operational activities - our doctors and paramedics, veterinary service, aviation, everyone. We asked for support from Rospotrebnadzor of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, and specialists who have extensive experience in preventing this infection in other regions of Russia were sent to us. The specialists have already joined the work - they are leaving for the tundra. And I have a big request to the indigenous people - it is imperative to listen to the recommendations of doctors. And go through everything necessary procedures... A difficult period for Yamal - both fires and quarantines, but everyone is determined to cope. And we do our best for this! " - said Dmitry Kobylkin. Chief Sanitary Doctor of Russia Anna Popova, who visited Salekhard, noted that the main task for today is to assess the completeness of all events and determine what else needs to be done. In her opinion, the situation is undoubtedly extraordinary. “The territory, which since 1941 has had no precedents of anthrax in either animals or humans, which has been considered free of infection since 1968, demonstrates that the infection is insidious,” said the head of Rospotrebnadzor. - This situation has shown once again that we must be prepared for any manifestations and returns of infection. This is not the first time anthrax has returned in Russia. All methodological approaches have been worked out. In order to take all measures in the proper amount - an adequate supply of vaccine in the subject, antibiotics, all necessary measures preventive preventive are carried out. Reorganization of the territory, disposal of animal corpses and disinfection of the territory has been organized and will begin in the near future. We are closely monitoring this. In order to strengthen laboratory control, specialists-scientists of two research institutes of Rospotrebnadzor carry out all the necessary research. In addition, a laboratory has been deployed here on site, work is also carried out on the basis of institutes in Moscow and other cities of Russia. "

In the Yamal region, quarantine was introduced due to anthrax, which killed more than 2.3 thousand deer.
As of August 3, the diagnosis of "anthrax" was confirmed in 23 residents of the Yamal tundra. A 12-year-old boy died of an intestinal infection.
In total, 96 people were evacuated and hospitalized from the anthrax focus, including more than 50 children.

What caused the outbreak?

According to the authorities of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, the reason was the unusually warm summer for the Far North: for a month, an abnormal heat, up to 35 degrees, was in Yamal.
According to representatives of the Rosselkhoznadzor, the reason is the late diagnosis. “Local veterinarians learned about the epidemiology of anthrax about five weeks after the disease began. ...

What is anthrax?

Anthrax - infectious disease, belonging to the group of especially dangerous. The causative agents - the bacteria Bacillus anthracis - secrete a potent poison that causes swelling.
The disease can take different forms. Among the symptoms of the cutaneous form: the appearance of ulcers on the skin, inflammation of the lymph nodes, heat... Intestinal form on early stage reminds food poisoning... The pulmonary form resembles a cold, which turns into pneumonia.
Sources of infection are most often domestic animals: cattle, horses, pigs. From them, the disease can be transmitted to humans. Infection mainly occurs through direct contact with sick animals: when cutting carcasses, when eating livestock products, through products made of leather, fur, less often through water, soil or air. The infection is not transmitted from person to person

What is the danger?

The disease develops very quickly and often ends with the death of the patient. With the cutaneous form (the most common), the lethality reaches 10-20%, with the intestinal form - 50%. The most dangerous form- pulmonary. In this case, the mortality rate, despite antibiotic therapy, approaches 100%.
Anthrax spores are heat resistant and can last up to 200 years. Particularly dangerous is the corpse of a dead animal, which serves as a source of soil contamination; such areas have been dangerous for herbivores for decades.

How common is this disease?

Isolated cases of the disease in Russia are not uncommon, however, in most cases, patients can be cured.
One of the most famous and massive outbreaks occurred in 1979 in Sverdlovsk (now Yekaterinburg - approx. TASS). Then 64 people died from anthrax.
In Yamal, anthrax was last recorded 75 years ago - in 1941.

What is being done to suppress the outbreak?

The boundaries of the anthrax focus are clearly defined. There are 10 sanitary points organized at the borders where people can pass through medical treatment... All doctors who come into contact with patients are treated with antibiotics.
Reindeer breeders from the quarantine zone are taken to a "clean" area from anthrax - 60 km from the outbreak. Each person with the slightest deviations in health, such as scratches or boils, is sent for additional examination. The children of reindeer herders are checked even if there are no signs of discomfort.
The region is vaccinating the local population and animals. More than 1,000 doses of vaccinations for nomads and more than 100,000 doses for animals have been imported from Moscow. The main difficulty in vaccinating animals in Yamal is the vast territory of their grazing.
In the village of Yar-Sale, which is located not far from the anthrax focus, the complete extermination of rodents is being carried out. At the airports of Salekhard and Yar-Sale, disinfection measures are also being taken, and points for disinfection of helicopters and sanitary areas have been deployed.
The operation to eliminate the consequences of anthrax in Yamal began on August 1. Subdivisions of radiation, chemical and biological protection of the Central Military District (CVD) are engaged in the processing of the quarantine area. Elimination squads burn carcasses of dead animals at a temperature of 140 degrees, at which anthrax spores die, and then disinfect the soil. 50 tons of active disinfectants have been delivered to the quarantine area. According to experts, it will be possible to eliminate the effects of anthrax and clear the Yamal tundra by September.
A ban on the export of meat, skins and deer antlers has been introduced in the region, and veterinary control has been strengthened at all airports, train stations and river ports.

Is there a threat of anthrax spreading to other regions?

As infectious disease specialists note, for people living far from the focus of infection, the only way to get sick is to buy a skin or meat without a veterinary seal.
According to the head of Rospotrebnadzor Anna Popova, the situation in the Yamal-Nenets Okrug is under control, there is no threat of the spread of infection. The same was said by the Minister of Health of the Russian Federation Veronika Skvortsova, who arrived in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug to check the arrangement of the "safety belt" and the state of health of the inhabitants of the tundra.
At the same time, according to the rector of the Ural State agrarian university, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Irina Donnik, the anthrax focus must be closed for 300 years. According to her, the ashes from the incineration of the remains of infectious animals cannot be exported to other territories, and the pit of the cattle burial ground must be concreted so that they do not pass into it. melt water... Otherwise, the infection can spread to other territories.

Image copyright RIA Novosti Image caption Anthrax killed 2.3 thousand deer in the region

After the first outbreak of anthrax in the past 75 years, the authorities of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug will have to carry out a lot of work to identify old cattle burial grounds and restrict access to them, the Deputy Director for scientific work Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor Viktor Maleev.

Anthrax caused the death of the child, which on Monday. The number of confirmed cases of the disease in humans has already reached 20, Irina Shestakova, chief freelance specialist of the Ministry of Health for infectious diseases, said on Tuesday.

According to Shestakova, eight out of 20 cases are children. In total, 90 people were hospitalized, who were in the focus of infection in the Yamal region, but most of them have not confirmed the diagnosis.

The slightest ailments, including a runny nose and skin irritation, were the reason for hospitalization.

"Several patients, who aroused our concern a few days ago, today, according to the results of the morning round, showed a stable condition with a very clear positive dynamics," Shestakova said.

As a rule, the cases of the disease belong to the families of the reindeer herders. Anthrax killed 2.3 thousand deer in the region.

According to local authorities, in search of food, the deer stumbled upon the remains of an animal that died from anthrax and then infected each other.

The authorities of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug have already begun to vaccinate both animals and families of reindeer herders. Residents from the "clean zone" living near the outbreak of the disease will be the first to receive the vaccine.

Meanwhile, all people who were directly in the hearth receive antibacterial drugs as part of prevention, and three days after that they will be vaccinated.

BBC Russian Service talked to VictorohmMaleevth about how dangerous the outbreak of the disease in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District is and what local authorities need to do now to avoid such incidents in the future.

Livestock cemetery with security

BBC: What are the reasons for the outbreak of anthrax in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and can we say that this is some kind of extraordinary case?

Victor Maleev: To say that this is something outstanding, of course, is impossible, because there were more outbreaks. The main reason is that cattle burial grounds, which were previously under permafrost, apparently thawed out, and bacteria became active. She is usually in a spore form, but here she was in a vegetative form.

One of the reasons is that we may not know the location of all animal burial grounds, and this bacteria can be stored for hundreds of years.

When there was an outbreak of the disease many years ago, there was also a very high temperature. This is an animal disease, and now more than two thousand reindeer have died there.

Since there is a very close residence of people, they live next to the camps, that is, the sick and among them. Until one child died and had an intestinal form: he apparently ate contaminated meat.

Now they are engaged in a very important problem - the disposal of dead animals and the creation of a new burial ground for many years to come, with security so that people no longer have the opportunity to catch this bacterium.

Image copyright Reuters Image caption Spores and vegetative cells of the causative agent of anthrax - Bacillus anthracis - under the microscope

BBC: Does this mean that the Nenets reindeer herding communities are in a very vulnerable position in relation to this and other diseases that are transmitted through animals?

V.M .: Probably, to some extent, yes. They have such a life, they communicate most closely with animals, and this has been the case for many centuries. It is probably better when people are separate, animals are separate, but this is the type of life that exists in many parts of the world. Although, of course, the children could have been kept away, probably.

BBC: How great is the public risk of this outbreak?Let's say, should people in Yamal, who are not reindeer herders and do not live close to them, be afraid of something?

V.M .: No, this infection is not transmitted in this way. It is dermal, that is, it is a contact transmission route, only people who have communicated with deer.

V in this case there is a cutaneous form, only one boy had an intestinal form, and the cutaneous form is dangerous only on contact. Since all patients with a cutaneous form are already isolated, the fact that someone will rub closely against this skin is out of the question, so the contact route of transmission is not dangerous for the rest.

True, it is necessary to observe others, because we do not know how many people communicated with the deer.

Climate influence

BBC: What's the forecastandwhen is anthrax diagnosed in humans? What does it depend on?

V.M .: The prognosis depends on the time of initiation of treatment and on the form of the disease. When there were cases of bioterrorism in America, the disease spread by airborne droplets... The pulmonary form, as in the cases of bioterrorism, is worse, and when cutaneous, it is usually considered that the mortality rate is up to 10%.

BBC: The last time anthrax was recorded in Yamal was in 1941, 75 years ago. Why is the disease coming back?

V.M .: Climate, climate. Climate change is having a profound impact. Old cattle burial grounds: apparently, it was just for the time being permafrost, we did not know until the end what was there.

These places are poorly explored, and cattle burial grounds are dangerous for 100 years after burial, and now this situation has turned out with a sharp warming of the climate.

In other regions of Russia, access to cattle cemeteries is limited, they are known, they are guarded, no activity is conducted there. But here, all the same, there are nomadic places, huge spaces.

BBC: The anthrax vaccine manufacturer was reported to have shipped 1,000 doses to Yamal. Who should get the vaccine first?

V.M .: Now we mainly vaccinate veterinarians and livestock breeders. Now we need to be especially careful, because we do not know: maybe some deer have already suffered mild forms of the disease, and people communicate with them.

You also need to vaccinate laboratory workers who work with bacteria. Thank God there is a vaccine. In many other diseases it is absent.

Now the main thing is to return to the issue of these cattle burial grounds in order to limit them so that animals do not climb there.

In Yamal, the first outbreak of anthrax in 75 years - more than a thousand deer have died, the first victims among the population arrive in hospitals. Local residents say that the authorities knew about the situation a week ago. What Dmitry Kobylkin and his subordinates will face in the coming days, the UralPolit.Ru correspondent found out.

Children with boils delivered to the hospital

People started sounding the alarm on the weekend: “Near Lake Yaroito, in a camp of 12 tents, 1,500 heads of deer died, and dogs died. Everywhere stench, putrefaction, stench, boils appeared in children. People are not taken out, the authorities do not provide any help, while they are silent about it. The authorities learned a week ago, and they are not doing anything! People will soon start dying in the tundra, will they be silent about this too? "- discussed in the Yar-Sale LIVE group.

Governor of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug Dmitry Kobylkin today officially introduced quarantine in the Yamal region. Messages in social networks were confirmed - the situation in the Tarko-Sale trading post of the Yamal region and in the reindeer herding brigade nearby is close to an emergency. The total loss is already 1200 heads, the diagnosis - "anthrax": " Probable cause Infection of deer, according to experts, is a place where a sick animal had died a long time ago due to the heat. "

According to the governor's administration, there are no cattle burial grounds in the Yamal region. It is assumed that the deer stumbled upon the site of an animal that died from anthrax. " Considering the viability of the anthrax pathogen is 100 years or more and its resistance to temperature changes, professionals assume that the deer in search of food stumbled upon the remains of an animal that died from anthrax and then infected each other. Therefore, the local place of this pasture - the deer trail - will be fenced off with special poles. Traditionally, local residents bypass these areas even after many years ", - said the regional government.

They knew about the situation before the official announcement, it follows from the government's statement: since July 22, next to the reindeer herders, there is a general practitioner who monitors their state of health.

Several hours ago it became known that a girl with a boil on her neck was delivered to the Salekhard regional hospital. Analyzes have shown that the child is not sick with anthrax. In Yarsalinskaya district hospital there are two more children. They were tested, and in the near future the children will also be delivered to Salekhard for additional examination. Today, the nomads were asked to temporarily transfer their children to the Yar-Sale boarding school.

It is planned to take people out of the place of deer death within 24 hours - the district authorities have agreed with Gazprom Dobycha Nadym to provide, if necessary, a helicopter to transport people to a safe distance from the source of infection. According to the chief veterinarian of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug Andrey Listishenko families will be transported to a safe area near the winter camps. The dwelling of the nomads will be disinfected. “A helicopter with a supply of medicines and specialists of the veterinary service has already left for the camp from Salekhard. During the transportation, antibiotic therapy and vaccination of the population will be organized ", - confirmed in the regional government. After determining the damage suffered by reindeer herders, the issue of compensation for losses will be considered.

This message appeared in a group"Yar-Sale LIVE" two days ago

The former chief sanitary doctor of the Tyumen region, in a conversation with the correspondent of UralPolit.Ru, noted that in the event of an outbreak of anthrax, only one hundred percent prevention, disposal of corpses according to the rules and further monitoring of the situation - monitoring sick people and deer will help. "Of course, such monitoring will be carried out further", - assured the correspondent of "UralPolit.Ru" in the press service of the government of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

Livestock burial diagrams have not been updated since 1914

Anthrax can be infected by contact, food and airborne dust; blood-sucking insects or ticks can infect a person or animal. Mostly workers in the agricultural sector are infected with anthrax, therefore it is necessary to carry out constant preventive actions... Local residents write in social networks that there has been no vaccination against anthrax in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug for about ten years. "And why?? And now everything has come back to haunt and we are running to vaccinate the deer as soon as possible. I understand, an expensive vaccine, but at least once every two years it could have been allocated from the budget. Perhaps they would have avoided the mass death of deer ", - Tatiana Serotetto, a resident of Yar-Sale, wrote in VK (spelling and paragraphs saved).

The authorities say that the last vaccination was last year - in 2015, the volume of vaccinations and other preventive work exceeded 480 thousand heads of reindeer and more than 10 thousand soil samples.

“Every year about 150 thousand deer are vaccinated in the district, and along the way, just in case, practically all the cattle and small cattle and horses; the soil cover is periodically examined (only for the last year, 10140 land samples were taken, in all - a negative result). Over the past 10 years, the veterinary service of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug has carried out bacteriological monitoring of 32 out of 47 “mortality sites” for anthrax, examined more than 200 thousand soil samples, none of the samples was found to contain the pathogen. Every year, more than 950 facilities involved in the production of livestock products in the Autonomous Okrug undergo veterinary and sanitary treatments (disinfection, disinsection, deratization), more than 58 thousand laboratory diagnostic tests for zooanthroponosis, quarantine and especially dangerous animal diseases are carried out ", - said in the official information of the district government.

Now one of critical milestones- burial of deer that died from the disease. « The corpses of animals that have died from anthrax (suspected of having an anthrax disease), all products obtained during the forced slaughter of animals with anthrax are subject to incineration. Places of keeping, death and forced slaughter of animals sick with anthrax, places of incineration of corpses of dead animals are subject to disinfection, followed by bacteriological control of effectiveness. The burial of animals killed by anthrax is strictly prohibited ", - stated in the appendix to the decree of the chief sanitary doctor of the Russian Federation of May 13, 2010 N 56.

The government confirms that all measures are being taken to dispose of dead animals, in accordance with the rules, and money for this will be allocated from the reserve fund of the district: “Healthy reindeer from the affected herd will receive additional vaccinations; the serum has been ordered and will soon be delivered from Moscow to Yamal. Funds for cleaning the place of death of animals will be allocated from the reserve fund of the budget of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug "... Samples of the dead animals, for which positive conclusions of Tyumen specialists were obtained, were sent for additional examination to Moscow.

According to the regional Rosselkhoznadzor, there are two cattle burial grounds in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

For all identified cattle burial grounds with anthrax, the geographical coordinates, which are applied to a special card. Copies of the maps are kept in the epizootic foci registers. True, in Yamal, the last such document was created before the 1917 revolution and was no longer updated, the head of the Rosselkhoznadzor press service for the Tyumen region, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug told UralPolit.Ru Larisa Sevryugina: “Our schemes for cattle burial grounds are very old - from 1914. Now in the territory of the district there are two such cattle burial grounds, and as far as I know, they all correspond to sanitary standards» ... According to information published on the government's website, over the past 10 years, the veterinary service of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug has carried out bacteriological monitoring of 32 out of 47 “fatal areas” for anthrax, more than 200,000 soil samples have been examined, and the presence of the pathogen has not been established in any sample.

It should be noted that the largest deer mortality from anthrax in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug was recorded in 1911 - then more than 100 thousand deer died. The last case of an outbreak of anthrax in Yamal was 75 years ago - in 1941.