Law on social assistance number 181. Federal law "on the social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation." Federal institutions of medical and social examination

In Russia, support for people with disabilities is guaranteed by Federal Law 181, which is called “On social protection disabled people in the Russian Federation." The law establishes what the state policy is in relation to this segment of society, through what measures the state ensures that people with disabilities are not discriminated against. It is worth talking about the main points and latest innovations of this Federal Law.

Who does the law protect?

Federal Law 181 “On the social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation” defines a disabled person as a person who has suffered an illness or injury that led to limitations in their life activities. These very restrictions determine the need for social protection.

The Federal Law defines a disability as a person’s inability to move independently, communicate with others, and control behavior. Depending on the severity of the restrictions, a person is assigned a group; a medical and social examination is carried out to determine it. Group 1 speaks of the most severe injuries - accordingly, such persons can enjoy the greatest privileges.

List of material benefits for 2016

Federal Law 181 establishes the right to receive financial support from the state. Representatives different groups from the beginning of February (that is, when benefits are indexed), the following material payments will be received:

  • 1st group – 3357 rub.
  • 2nd group – 2397 rub. (the same amount is due to disabled children (read about the increase in pensions for disabled children in 2016)).
  • 3rd group – 1919 rub.

These cash payments are intended to replace benefits - they are added to the total pension amount. Simply put, now they will not provide medicines - you will have to buy them yourself with the money that the state transfers as an allowance.

The size of the pension also depends on the group. Representatives of the first group receive almost twice as much as the rest - 9,538 rubles (for the second and third, 4,769 rubles and 4,053 rubles, respectively). The pension increases if the recipient has dependents.

What about employment?

The “Law on Social Protection of Persons with Disabilities in the Russian Federation” states that the employment of persons with disabilities is the concern of government agencies. Subjects of the Russian Federation must establish a quota for hiring people with disabilities. According to Art. 21 Federal Law 181, quotas apply only to those organizations that employ more than 100 people. The quota for an enterprise is 2-4%, that is, per 100 employees there are at least 2 people with disabilities.

It must be said that for refusing to hire a person with disabilities The manager will not be severely punished: he faces an administrative fine of up to 3 thousand rubles.

What is habilitation?

One of the latest innovations in the law on social protection of disabled people was the appearance of the word “habilitation”. The term “habilitation” was introduced into legislation when amendments were made to the Federal Law of November 21, 2014. You should try hard to understand the difference between rehabilitation and habilitation: the law on disabled people Federal Law 181 specifies that rehabilitation is the restoration of lost abilities for everyday and professional activity, and habilitation is the formation of abilities that did not exist previously. It is believed that habilitation is relevant for children with health problems. That is, the law determines that a disabled child must be raised so as not to be aware of his inferiority.

This is not all that is written about in Federal Law 181 - it also regulates such aspects as obtaining housing and medical care. The law takes into account all areas of interest of people with disabilities, so as long as this Federal Law is in effect, they do not have to worry: their rights to social equality will be protected.

Disabled people employed in organizations, regardless of organizational, legal forms and forms of ownership, are created the necessary conditions labor in accordance with the individual rehabilitation or habilitation program for a disabled person.

It is not allowed to establish in collective or individual employment contracts working conditions of disabled people (wages, working and rest hours, duration of annual and additional paid leave, etc.), worsening the situation of disabled people compared to other workers.

For disabled people of groups I and II, a reduced working time of no more than 35 hours per week is established while maintaining full pay.

Involvement of disabled people in overtime work, work on weekends and at night is permitted only with their consent and provided that such work is not prohibited for them due to health reasons.

Disabled people are provided annual leave at least 30 calendar days.


Judicial practice under Article 23 of the Federal Law of November 24, 1995 No. 181-FZ

    Decision No. 12-112/2019 of July 25, 2019 in case No. 12-112/2019

    Volkhov City Court ( Leningrad region) - Administrative offenses

    With IPR, including in terms of ensuring individual production standards. Instruction of the Chief State Labor Inspector D.F. Kozina about violation of LOGBU "Volkhov PNI" art. 23 of the Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons of the Russian Federation” is not specified for workers living in the Volkhov PNI. Taking into account the availability of information about proper notification to Petrova N.P. and Federal...

    Decision No. 12-126/2019 of July 18, 2019 in case No. 12-126/2019

    Leninsky District Court of Yaroslavl (Yaroslavl Region) - Administrative offenses

    The second disability group was received indefinitely by the employer on December 5, 2017. However, in violation of paragraph 4 of part 1 of article 92 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, part 3 of article 23 of the Federal Law of November 24, 1995 No. 181-FZ “On the social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation” with December 05, 2017 Efremov D.A. was not installed...

    Decision of July 15, 2019 in case No. A32-15470/2019

    Arbitration court Krasnodar region(AS of Krasnodar region)

    Municipal entity of the city of Krasnodar on declaring the refusal of March 21, 2019 No. 29/2861-1 to issue a building permit on a land plot with cadastral number 23: 43:0413003:171 - illegal, the obligation to issue a permit for the construction of a workshop building on a land plot with cadastral number number 23: 43:0413003:171. The applicant's representative in court hearing insisted...

    Decision No. 2-2449/2019 2-2449/2019~M-1828/2019 M-1828/2019 dated June 25, 2019 in case No. 2-2449/2019

    Stary Oskol City Court (Belgorod Region) - Civil and administrative

    Paid leave of more than 28 calendar days (extended main leave) is provided to employees in accordance with the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and other federal laws. According to Part 5 of Art. 23 of the Federal Law of November 24, 1995 No. 181-FZ “On the social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation,” disabled people are granted annual leave of at least 30 calendar days. The employee confirms his disability...

    Decision No. 2-994/2019 2-994/2019~M-501/2019 M-501/2019 dated June 21, 2019 in case No. 2-994/2019

    Factory District Court of Oryol (Oryol Region) - Civil and administrative

    In accordance with the individual rehabilitation program; carry out other events. For workers who are disabled people of group I or II, Article 92 Labor Code of the Russian Federation and Article 23 of the Federal Law of November 24, 1995 No. 181-FZ “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation” provides for a reduced working time - no more than 35 hours per week with...

    Decision No. 2-4736/2019 2-4736/2019~M-3492/2019 M-3492/2019 dated June 19, 2019 in case No. 2-4736/2019

    Blagoveshchensk City Court (Amur Region) - Civil and administrative

    Sheets and, accordingly, could find out how wages are calculated. In addition, the plaintiff’s incapacity for work, which occurred during the period from April 10, 2018 to 23. 04/2018 and from 07/17/2018 to 08/28/2018 in total number 53 days also cannot serve good reason missing a deadline...

    Decision No. 2-1064/2019 2-1064/2019~M-831/2019 M-831/2019 dated June 4, 2019 in case No. 2-1064/2019

    Sovetsky District Court of Oryol (Oryol Region) - Civil and administrative

    If they have been discriminated against in the world of work, they have the right to apply to the court for restoration of violated rights, compensation for material damage and compensation for moral damage. Article 23 of the Federal Law of November 24, 1995 No. 181-FZ “On the social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation” stipulates that disabled people employed in organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms...

  • ...for business trips, certified copies of orders dated January 10, 2017 “On compensation payments for employees’ expenses while on business trips”, dated August 11, 16, 18, 23, 2017 “On the appointment of a person responsible for the performance of work”, providing for the obligation of Telegina L.G. carry out inspections of objects. Testimony of witness FULL NAME5 about the transfer to L.G. Telegin ...

1) conditions for unhindered access to social, engineering and transport infrastructure facilities (residential, public and industrial buildings, structures and structures, including those in which physical education and sports organizations, cultural organizations and other organizations are located), to places of recreation and to the services provided services in them;


Judicial practice under Article 15 of the Federal Law of November 24, 1995 No. 181-FZ

    Resolution No. 4A-260/2019 of September 27, 2019 in case No. 4A-260/2019

    Tambov Regional Court (Tambov region) - Administrative offenses

    Road sign 8.17 black - in front and behind motor vehicles driven by disabled people of groups I and II, transporting such disabled people or disabled children). Article 15 of Federal Law No. 181-FZ “On the social protection of people with disabilities in the Russian Federation” stipulates that at every parking lot (stop) of vehicles, including near trade enterprises, services, ...

    Resolution No. 4A-992/2019 of September 23, 2019 in case No. 4A-992/2019

    Residential, public and industrial buildings, structures and structures, sports facilities, recreational facilities, cultural, entertainment and other institutions). In accordance with paragraph 9 of paragraph 8 of Article 15 of the Federal Law of November 24, 1995. No. 181-FZ at every parking (stop) of vehicles, including near social, engineering and transport infrastructure facilities (residential, public and...

    Resolution No. 4A-978/2019 of September 9, 2019 in case No. 4A-978/2019

    Samara Regional Court (Samara Region) - Administrative offenses

    2019, from which it follows that car No., state registration number No. was detained and moved to a specialized parking lot located at the address: Samara, Volzhsky Prospekt, 15 using video recording (case file 14); video recording from 04/11/2019 reviewed by previous courts when considering the case of administrative offense, from the content of which it follows that the car...

    Decision No. 07-1283/2019 of September 4, 2019 in case No. 07-1283/2019

    Volgograd Regional Court (Volgograd Region) - Administrative offenses

    Traffic lights, signs and markings, as well as comply with the orders of traffic controllers acting within the limits of the rights granted to them and regulating traffic with established signals. In accordance with Article 15 of the Federal Law of November 24, 1995 No. 181-FZ (as amended on July 29, 2018) “On the social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation” (as amended and additionally entered into...

    Decision No. 21-1058/2019 7-1842/2019/21-1058/2019 dated September 2, 2019 in case No. 21-1058/2019

    Perm Regional Court (Perm region) - Administrative offenses

    19 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation establishes administrative liability for violation of the rules for stopping or parking vehicles in places designated for stopping or parking vehicles of disabled people. Article 15 of Federal Law No. 181-FZ “On the social protection of people with disabilities in the Russian Federation” stipulates that at every parking lot (stop) of vehicles, including near trade enterprises, services, ...

    Resolution No. 4A-579/2019 of August 29, 2019 in case No. 4A-579/2019

    Novosibirsk Regional Court ( Novosibirsk region) - Administrative offenses

    Having checked the case materials within the limits of the arguments of the complaint, in accordance with Part 1 of Art. 30.16 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, I do not find any grounds for canceling the appealed acts. Article 15 of Federal Law No. 181-FZ “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation” stipulates that at every parking lot (stop) of vehicles, including near social, engineering and...

    Decision No. 2-5052/2019 2-5052/2019~M-3856/2019 M-3856/2019 dated August 29, 2019 in case No. 2-5052/2019

    Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk City Court (Sakhalin Region) - Civil and administrative

    Providing conditions for disabled people to overcome, replace (compensate) limitations in life and aimed at creating opportunities for them to participate in the life of society equal to other citizens. According to Art. 15 Federal Law “On social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation”, Federal authorities state power, government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, bodies local government(within the scope of established powers), organizations regardless of...

    Resolution No. 4A-460/2019 of August 28, 2019 in case No. 4A-460/2019

    Arkhangelsk Regional Court (Arkhangelsk region) - Administrative offenses

    To the Rules traffic indicates that the effect of sign 6.4 applies only to motorized wheelchairs and cars on which the identification sign “Disabled” is installed. Article 15 of the Federal Law of November 24, 1995 N 181-FZ “On the social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation” provides that at every parking lot (stop) of vehicles, including...

  • 15 of the Federal Law of November 24, 1995 No. 181-FZ “On social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation”, Government of the Russian Federation, authorities executive power subjects of the Russian Federation, local governments...

It does not work Editorial from 24.11.1995

FEDERAL LAW of November 24, 1995 N 181-FZ "On SOCIAL PROTECTION OF DISABLED PEOPLE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION"

Real the federal law determines state policy in the field of social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation, the purpose of which is to provide disabled people with equal opportunities with other citizens in the implementation of civil, economic, political and other rights and freedoms provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, as well as in accordance with generally recognized principles and norms international law and international treaties of the Russian Federation.

Chapter I. General provisions

Disabled person is a person who has a health impairment with a persistent disorder of body functions, caused by diseases, consequences of injuries or defects, leading to limitation of life activity and necessitating his social protection.

Limitation of life activity - complete or partial loss of a person’s ability or ability to provide self-care, move independently, navigate, communicate, control one’s behavior, study and engage in work activities.

Depending on the degree of impairment of body functions and limitations in life activity, persons recognized as disabled are assigned a disability group, and persons under the age of 16 are assigned the category “disabled child.”

Recognition of a person as disabled is carried out by the State Medical Service social expertise. The procedure and conditions for recognizing a person as disabled are established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Social protection of disabled people is a system of state-guaranteed economic, social and legal measures that provide disabled people with conditions for overcoming, replacing (compensating) disabilities and aimed at creating equal opportunities for them to participate in the life of society as other citizens.

The legislation of the Russian Federation on social protection of disabled people consists of the relevant provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, this Federal Law, other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, as well as laws and other regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

If an international treaty (agreement) of the Russian Federation establishes rules other than those provided for by this Federal Law, then the rules of the international treaty (agreement) apply.

The jurisdiction of federal government bodies in the field of social protection of disabled people includes:

1) determination of state policy regarding people with disabilities;

2) adoption of federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation on social protection of disabled people (including those regulating the procedure and conditions for providing disabled people with a single federal minimum of social protection measures); control over the implementation of the legislation of the Russian Federation on social protection of disabled people;

3) conclusion of international treaties (agreements) of the Russian Federation on issues of social protection of disabled people;

4) establishment of general principles of organization and implementation medical and social examination and rehabilitation of disabled people;

5) defining criteria, establishing conditions for recognizing a person as disabled;

6) establishment state standards on social services, technical means of rehabilitation, means of communication and computer science, establishment of norms and rules to ensure accessibility of the living environment for disabled people; determining appropriate certification requirements;

7) establishing a procedure for accreditation and licensing of organizations, regardless of organizational, legal forms and forms of ownership, carrying out activities in the field of rehabilitation of disabled people;

8) implementation of accreditation and licensing of enterprises, institutions and organizations that are federally owned and carry out activities in the field of rehabilitation of disabled people;

9) development and implementation of federal target programs in the field of social protection of disabled people, monitoring their implementation;

10) approval and financing of federal basic programs for the rehabilitation of disabled people;

11) creation and management of rehabilitation industry facilities that are federally owned;

12) determination of the list of specialties of workers engaged in the field of medical and social examination and rehabilitation of disabled people, organization of training in this area;

13) coordination scientific research, financing of research and development work on the problems of disability and people with disabilities;

14) development of methodological documents on issues of social protection of disabled people;

15) establishment of job quotas for disabled people;

16) assistance in the work of all-Russian public associations of disabled people and providing them with assistance;

17) establishment of federal benefits, including taxation, for organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, that invest funds in the sphere of social protection of people with disabilities, produce special industrial goods, technical means and devices for people with disabilities, provide services to people with disabilities, as well as public associations of disabled people and enterprises, institutions, organizations, business partnerships and societies owned by them, the authorized capital of which consists of the contribution of a public association of disabled people;

18) establishment of federal benefits individual categories disabled people;

19) formation of indicators federal budget on expenses for social protection of disabled people.

The jurisdiction of state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of social protection of disabled people includes:

1) implementation of state policy regarding people with disabilities in the territories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

2) adoption of laws and other regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation on the social protection of disabled people, monitoring their implementation;

3) setting priorities for implementation social policy in relation to disabled people in the territories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, taking into account the level of socio-economic development of the territory of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation;

4) creation of enterprises, institutions and organizations of the State Service for Medical and Social Expertise, State Service for the Rehabilitation Industry, monitoring their activities;

5) accreditation and licensing of enterprises, institutions and organizations owned by constituent entities of the Russian Federation, carrying out activities in the field of rehabilitation of disabled people;

6) participation in the implementation of federal programs in the field of social protection of disabled people, development and financing regional programs in the specified area;

7) approval and financing of the list rehabilitation activities carried out in the territories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, taking into account socio-economic, climatic and other features in addition to the federal basic programs for the rehabilitation of disabled people;

8) creation and management of facilities in the field of social protection of disabled people, under the jurisdiction of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

9) organization and coordination of training activities in the field of social protection of disabled people;

10) coordination and financing of scientific research, research and development work in the field of social protection of disabled people;

11) development, within its competence, of methodological documents on issues of social protection of disabled people;

12) assistance in the work and assistance to public associations of people with disabilities in the territories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

13) establishment of benefits, including taxation, for organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, investing in the sphere of social protection of people with disabilities, producing special industrial goods, technical means and devices for people with disabilities, providing services to people with disabilities, as well as public associations disabled people and their owned enterprises, institutions, organizations, business partnerships and societies, the authorized capital of which consists of the contribution of a public association of disabled people;

14) establishment of benefits for disabled people or certain categories of disabled people in the territories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation at the expense of funds from the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

15) formation of budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in terms of expenses for social protection of disabled people.

Federal government bodies and government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation may, by agreement, transfer to each other part of their powers in the field of social protection of disabled people.

For causing harm to the health of citizens resulting in disability, the persons responsible for this bear material, civil, administrative and criminal liability in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Chapter II. Medical and social examination

Medical and social examination is the determination, in the prescribed manner, of the needs of the examined person for social protection measures, including rehabilitation, based on an assessment of the limitations in life activity caused by a persistent disorder of body functions.

Medical and social examination is carried out on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of the state of the body based on the analysis of clinical, functional, social, professional, labor, and psychological data of the person being examined using classifications and criteria developed and approved in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

1. Medical and social examination is carried out by the State Service for Medical and Social Examination, which is part of the system (structure) of social protection bodies of the Russian Federation. The procedure for organizing and operating the State Service for Medical and Social Expertise is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

2. Medical services when registering citizens for examination in institutions of the State Service for Medical and Social Expertise, rehabilitation measures are included in the federal basic program of compulsory health insurance for citizens of the Russian Federation and are financed from federal and territorial compulsory health insurance funds.

3. The State Service for Medical and Social Expertise is responsible for:

1) determination of the group of disability, its causes, timing, time of onset of disability, the need of a disabled person for various types of social protection;

2) development individual programs rehabilitation of disabled people;

3) study of the level and causes of disability of the population;

4) participation in development comprehensive programs prevention of disability, medical social rehabilitation and social protection of disabled people;

5) determination of the degree of loss of professional ability of persons who received a work injury or occupational disease;

6) determining the cause of death of a disabled person in cases where the legislation of the Russian Federation provides for the provision of benefits to the family of the deceased.

The decision of the body of the State Service for Medical and Social Expertise is mandatory for execution by the relevant government bodies, local government bodies, as well as organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership.

Chapter III. Rehabilitation of disabled people

1. Rehabilitation of people with disabilities is a system of medical, psychological, pedagogical, socio-economic measures aimed at eliminating or, as fully as possible, compensating for life limitations caused by health problems with persistent impairment of body functions. The goal of rehabilitation is to restore the social status of a disabled person, achieve financial independence and social adaptation.

2. Rehabilitation of disabled people includes:

1) medical rehabilitation, which consists of rehabilitation therapy, reconstructive surgery, prosthetics and orthotics;

2) vocational rehabilitation disabled people, which consists of vocational guidance, vocational education, vocational adaptation and employment;

3) social rehabilitation of disabled people, which consists of social-environmental orientation and social and everyday adaptation.

The Federal Basic Program for the Rehabilitation of Disabled Persons is a guaranteed list of rehabilitation measures, technical means and services provided to a disabled person free of charge at the expense of the federal budget.

The Federal Basic Program for the Rehabilitation of Disabled Persons and the procedure for its implementation are approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Rehabilitation technical means and services are provided to people with disabilities, as a rule, in kind.

An individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person is a set of optimal rehabilitation measures for a disabled person, developed on the basis of a decision of the State Service for Medical and Social Expertise, which includes: individual species, forms, volumes, timing and procedure for the implementation of medical, professional and other rehabilitation measures aimed at restoring, compensating for impaired or lost body functions, restoring, compensating for a disabled person’s ability to perform certain types activities.

An individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person is mandatory for execution by the relevant government bodies, local government bodies, as well as organizations, regardless of organizational, legal forms and forms of ownership.

An individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person contains both rehabilitation measures provided to a disabled person free of charge in accordance with the federal basic program for the rehabilitation of disabled people, and rehabilitation measures in the payment of which the disabled person himself or other persons or organizations participate, regardless of organizational, legal forms and forms of ownership.

The volume of rehabilitation measures provided for by the individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person cannot be less than that established by the federal basic program for the rehabilitation of disabled people.

An individual rehabilitation program is of a recommendatory nature for a disabled person; he has the right to refuse one or another type, form and volume of rehabilitation measures, as well as the implementation of the program as a whole. A disabled person has the right to independently decide on the issue of providing himself with a specific technical means or type of rehabilitation, including cars, wheelchairs, prosthetic and orthopedic products, printed publications with a special font, sound-amplifying equipment, signaling devices, video materials with subtitles or sign language translation, and other similar means.

If a technical or other means or service provided for by an individual rehabilitation program cannot be provided to a disabled person, or if a disabled person has purchased the appropriate means or paid for the service at his own expense, then he is paid compensation in the amount of the cost of the technical or other means or services that should be provided to the disabled person.

Refusal of a disabled person (or a person representing his interests) from an individual rehabilitation program as a whole or from the implementation of its individual parts releases the relevant government bodies, local government bodies, as well as organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, from responsibility for its implementation and does not give a disabled person the right to receive compensation in the amount of the cost of rehabilitation measures provided free of charge.

The State Service for the Rehabilitation of Disabled People is a set of government bodies, regardless of departmental affiliation, local government bodies, institutions at various levels that carry out measures for medical, professional and social rehabilitation.

Coordination of activities in the field of rehabilitation of disabled people is carried out by the Ministry of Social Protection of the Population of the Russian Federation.

Rehabilitation institutions are institutions that carry out the process of rehabilitation of disabled people in accordance with rehabilitation programs.

Federal executive authorities, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, taking into account regional and territorial needs, create a network of rehabilitation institutions and ensure the development of a system of medical, professional and social rehabilitation of people with disabilities, organize the production of technical means of rehabilitation, develop services for people with disabilities, promote the development of non-state rehabilitation institutions with they have licenses for this type of activity, as well as funds of various forms of ownership and interact with them in the implementation of rehabilitation of disabled people.

Financing of rehabilitation activities is carried out from the federal budget, funds from the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, federal and territorial compulsory health insurance funds, the State Employment Fund of the Russian Federation, the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation (in accordance with the provisions on these funds), other sources not prohibited legislation of the Russian Federation. Financing of rehabilitation activities, including the maintenance of rehabilitation institutions, is allowed on the basis of cooperation of budgetary and extra-budgetary funds.

The procedure for organizing and operating the State Service for the Rehabilitation of Disabled Persons is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Chapter IV. Providing life support for people with disabilities

Providing qualified medical care to people with disabilities, including drug provision, is carried out free of charge or on preferential terms in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

The procedure and conditions for providing qualified medical care to various categories of disabled people are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Medical rehabilitation of disabled people is carried out within the framework of the federal basic program compulsory medical insurance of the population of the Russian Federation at the expense of federal and territorial compulsory medical insurance funds.

The state guarantees a disabled person the right to receive the necessary information. For these purposes, measures are being taken to strengthen the material and technical base of editorial offices, publishing houses and printing enterprises that produce special literature for people with disabilities, as well as editorial offices, programs, studios, enterprises, institutions and organizations that produce recordings, audio recordings and other sound products, film and videos and other video products for people with disabilities. Issue of periodical, scientific, educational, methodological, reference and informational and fiction for people with disabilities, including those published on tape cassettes and in embossed dot Braille, is carried out at the expense of the federal budget.

Sign language is recognized as a means interpersonal communication. A system of subtitling or sign language translation of television programs, films and videos is being introduced.

Social protection authorities provide assistance to people with disabilities in obtaining sign language translation services, providing sign language equipment, and providing typhoid medications.

The Government of the Russian Federation, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local government bodies, organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, create conditions for people with disabilities (including people with disabilities using wheelchairs and guide dogs) for free access to facilities social infrastructure: residential, public and industrial buildings, recreational facilities, sports facilities, cultural, entertainment and other institutions; for unhindered use public transport and transport communications, means of communication and information.

Planning and development of cities and other settlements, the formation of residential and recreational areas, the development of design solutions for new construction and reconstruction of buildings, structures and their complexes, as well as the development and production of public transport vehicles, communications and information means without adapting these objects for access to them by disabled people and their use by disabled people is not are allowed.

Carrying out measures to adapt social and industrial infrastructure facilities for access to them by disabled people and their use by disabled people is carried out in accordance with federal and territorial target programs approved in the prescribed manner.

The development of design solutions for the new construction of buildings, structures and their complexes without coordination with the relevant executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and taking into account the opinions of public associations of people with disabilities is not allowed.

In cases where existing facilities cannot be fully adapted to the needs of people with disabilities, the owners of these facilities must, in agreement with public associations of people with disabilities, take measures to ensure that the minimum needs of people with disabilities are met.

Enterprises, institutions and organizations providing transport services to the population provide special adaptations for vehicles, stations, airports and other facilities that allow people with disabilities to freely use their services.

Places for the construction of a garage or parking for technical and other means of transportation are provided to disabled people out of turn near their place of residence, taking into account urban planning standards.

Disabled people are exempt from rent for land and premises for storing vehicles available for their personal use.

At each parking lot (stop) of vehicles, including near trade enterprises, services, medical, sports and cultural and entertainment institutions, at least 10 percent of the spaces (but not less than one space) are allocated for parking special vehicles for disabled people who are not must be occupied by other vehicles. Disabled persons use parking spaces for special vehicles free of charge.

Organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, that do not comply with the measures provided for by this Federal Law, other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation to adapt existing means of transport, communications, information and other social infrastructure facilities for access and use by people with disabilities their disabled people, allocate to the appropriate budgets the funds necessary to meet the needs of disabled people, in the manner and amounts established by the Government of the Russian Federation, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local government bodies with the participation of public associations of disabled people. These funds are used for the intended purpose only for the implementation of measures to adapt social infrastructure facilities for access to them by disabled people and their use by disabled people.

Disabled people and families with disabled children in need of improved housing conditions are registered and provided with living quarters, taking into account the benefits provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Residential premises are provided to disabled people and families with disabled children, taking into account their state of health and other circumstances worthy of attention.

Disabled people have the right to additional living space in the form of a separate room in accordance with the list of diseases approved by the Government of the Russian Federation. This right is taken into account when registering for the improvement of living conditions and the provision of residential premises in houses of the state or municipal housing stock. Additional living space occupied by a disabled person (regardless of whether in the form of a separate room or not) is not considered excessive and is subject to payment in a single amount, taking into account the benefits provided.

Residential premises occupied by disabled people are equipped by special means and adaptations in accordance with the individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person.

Disabled people living in inpatient institutions social services and those wishing to obtain residential premises under a rental or lease agreement are subject to registration for improvement of living conditions, regardless of the size of the occupied area and are provided with residential premises on an equal basis with other disabled people.

Disabled children living in stationary social service institutions, who are orphans or deprived of parental care, upon reaching the age of 18 years, are subject to being provided with residential premises out of turn, if the individual rehabilitation program for the disabled person provides for the opportunity to provide self-care and lead an independent lifestyle.

Residential premises in the houses of the state, municipal and public housing stock, occupied by a disabled person under a rental or rental agreement, when the disabled person is placed in a stationary social service institution, are retained by him for six months.

Specially equipped residential premises in houses of the state, municipal and public housing stock, occupied by disabled people under a rental or rental agreement, upon their vacancy, are occupied first of all by other disabled people in need of improved housing conditions.

Disabled people and families with disabled children are given a discount of at least 50 percent on rent (in state, municipal and public housing) and utility bills (regardless of the housing stock), and in residential buildings that do not have central heating , - from the cost of fuel purchased within the limits established for sale to the population.

Disabled people and families containing disabled people are given the right to priority receiving land plots for individual housing construction, farming and gardening.

The procedure for providing these benefits is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation. Executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments have the right to establish additional benefits for people with disabilities.

Educational institutions, social protection bodies, communications, information, physical culture and sports institutions ensure continuity of upbringing and education, social adaptation of disabled children.

Educational institutions, together with social protection authorities and health authorities, provide pre-school, out-of-school education and education for disabled children, and the receipt of secondary education for disabled people. general education, secondary vocational and higher vocational education in accordance with the individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person.

For disabled children preschool age necessary rehabilitation measures and conditions are created for staying in children's preschool institutions general type. For disabled children whose health condition precludes their stay in general preschool institutions, special preschool institutions are created.

If it is impossible to educate and educate disabled children in general or special preschool and in general educational institutions Education authorities and educational institutions provide, with the consent of parents, the education of disabled children according to a full general education or individual program at home.

The procedure for raising and educating disabled children at home, in non-state educational institutions, as well as the amount of compensation for parents' expenses for these purposes are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

The state guarantees the necessary conditions for people with disabilities to receive education and professional training.

General education of disabled people is provided free of charge both in general educational institutions, equipped, if necessary, with special technical means, and in special educational institutions and is regulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

The state ensures that disabled people receive basic general, secondary (complete) general education, primary vocational, secondary vocational and higher vocational education in accordance with the individual rehabilitation program for the disabled person.

Vocational education of people with disabilities in educational institutions various types and levels is carried out in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

For people with disabilities who need special conditions To obtain vocational education, special vocational educational institutions of various types and types are created or corresponding conditions are created in vocational educational institutions of a general type.

Vocational training and professional education disabled people in special vocational educational institutions for disabled people are carried out in accordance with state educational standards based educational programs adapted for teaching people with disabilities.

Organization educational process in special professional educational institutions for people with disabilities is regulated by regulatory legal acts, organizationally - teaching materials relevant ministries and other federal executive authorities.

State educational authorities provide students with special teaching aids and literature free of charge or on preferential terms, and also provide students with the opportunity to use the services of sign language interpreters.

Disabled people are provided with guarantees of employment by federal government bodies and government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation through the following special events that help increase their competitiveness in the labor market:

1) implementation of preferential financial and credit policies in relation to specialized enterprises employing the work of disabled people, enterprises, institutions, organizations of public associations of disabled people;

2) establishing in organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, quotas for hiring disabled people and a minimum number of special jobs for disabled people;

3) reserving jobs in professions most suitable for employing people with disabilities;

4) stimulating the creation by enterprises, institutions, organizations of additional jobs (including special ones) for the employment of people with disabilities;

5) creating working conditions for disabled people in accordance with individual rehabilitation programs for disabled people;

6) creating conditions for entrepreneurial activity disabled people;

7) organizing training for disabled people in new professions.

Organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, the number of employees in which is more than 30 people, are set a quota for hiring disabled people as a percentage of average number employees (but not less than three percent).

Public associations of disabled people and their owned enterprises, institutions, organizations, business partnerships and societies, the authorized capital of which consists of the contribution of a public association of disabled people, are exempt from mandatory quotas of jobs for disabled people.

The executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation have the right to establish a higher quota for hiring people with disabilities.

The procedure for determining the quota is approved by the specified bodies.

In case of non-fulfillment or impossibility of fulfilling the quota for hiring disabled people, employers pay a mandatory fee in the established amount for each unemployed disabled person within the established quota in State Fund employment of the population of the Russian Federation. The funds received are spent specifically on creating jobs for people with disabilities.

On the recommendation of the Federal Employment Service of Russia, the State Employment Fund of the Russian Federation transfers the specified amounts to organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, for the creation of jobs for disabled people in excess of the approved quota, as well as public associations of disabled people for the creation of specialized enterprises (workshops, sites), employing disabled people.

Special jobs for employing disabled people - jobs that require additional measures on labor organization, including adaptation of main and auxiliary equipment, technical and organizational equipment, additional equipment and provision of technical devices, taking into account the individual capabilities of people with disabilities.

The minimum number of special jobs for employing disabled people is established by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for each enterprise, institution, organization within the established quota for hiring disabled people.

Special jobs for employing disabled people are created at the expense of the federal budget, funds from the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the State Employment Fund of the Russian Federation, with the exception of jobs for disabled people who have received a work injury or occupational disease. Special workplaces for the employment of disabled people who received illness or injury while performing military service duties or as a result of natural Disasters and interethnic conflicts are created at the expense of the federal budget.

Special jobs for the employment of disabled people who have received a work injury or occupational disease are created at the expense of employers who are obliged to compensate for damage caused to employees as a result of injury, occupational disease or other damage to health associated with the performance of work duties by employees.

Disabled people employed in organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, are provided with the necessary working conditions in accordance with the individual rehabilitation program for the disabled person.

It is not allowed to establish in collective or individual labor contracts working conditions for disabled people (wages, working hours and rest periods, duration of annual and additional paid leave, etc.) that worsen the situation of disabled people in comparison with other employees.

For disabled people of groups I and II, a reduced working time of no more than 35 hours per week is established while maintaining full pay.

Involvement of disabled people in overtime work, work on weekends and at night is permitted only with their consent and provided that such work is not prohibited for them due to health reasons.

Disabled persons are granted annual leave of at least 30 calendar days based on a six-day working week.

1. Employers have the right to request and receive information necessary when creating special jobs for employing people with disabilities.

2. Employers, in accordance with the established quota for hiring disabled people, are obliged to:

1) create or allocate jobs for the employment of disabled people;

2) create working conditions for disabled people in accordance with the individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person;

3) provide, in accordance with the established procedure, information necessary for organizing the employment of disabled people.

3. Heads of organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, who violate the procedure for making mandatory payments to the State Employment Fund of the Russian Federation, are liable in the form of paying a fine: for concealing or understating the mandatory payment - in the amount of the hidden or underpaid amount, and in in case of refusal to hire a disabled person within the established quota - in the amount of the cost of the workplace determined by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The amounts of fines are collected in an indisputable manner by the authorities of the State Tax Service of the Russian Federation. Paying a fine does not relieve them from paying the debt.

Unemployed is a disabled person who has a work recommendation, a conclusion on the recommended nature and conditions of work, which is issued in the prescribed manner, who does not have a job, is registered with the Federal Employment Service of Russia in order to find a suitable job and is ready to start it.

To make a decision on recognizing a disabled person as unemployed, he submits to the Federal Employment Service of Russia along with the documents established by law Russian Federation "On employment of the population in the Russian Federation", an individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person.

State support (including the provision of tax and other benefits) to enterprises and organizations producing industrial goods, technical means and devices for disabled people, providing employment for disabled people, providing medical care, educational services, providing sanatorium treatment, consumer services and creating conditions for classes physical culture and sports, organizing leisure activities for people with disabilities, investing more than 30 percent of profits in projects that ensure the livelihoods of people with disabilities, in scientific and experimental development of technical means for the rehabilitation of people with disabilities, as well as prosthetic and orthopedic enterprises, medical and industrial (labor) workshops and auxiliary rural farms institutions of social protection bodies, state enterprise The “National Fund for Assistance to Disabled Persons of the Russian Federation” is carried out in the manner and under the conditions provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Material support for disabled people includes cash payments on various grounds (pensions, benefits, insurance payments when insuring the risk of health impairment, payments for compensation for harm caused to health, and other payments), compensation in cases established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Receiving compensation and others cash payments one type does not deprive disabled people of the right to receive other types of cash payments if they have grounds for this, provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Social services for disabled people are provided in the manner and on the basis determined by local government bodies with the participation of public associations of disabled people.

Executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments create special social services for disabled people, including the delivery of food and industrial goods to disabled people, and approve a list of diseases of disabled people for which they are entitled to preferential services.

Disabled people in need of outside care and assistance are provided with medical and household services at home or in inpatient institutions. The conditions of stay of disabled people in a stationary social service institution must ensure that disabled people can exercise their rights and legitimate interests in accordance with this Federal Law and help meet their needs.

Disabled people have the right to manufacture and repair prosthetic and orthopedic products and other types of prosthetic products (except for dentures made of precious metals and other expensive materials equal in value to precious metals) at the expense of the federal budget in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Disabled people are provided with the necessary means of telecommunications services, special telephone sets (including for subscribers with hearing impairments), and public call centers.

Disabled persons receive a 50 percent discount for using telephones and radio broadcasting points.

Disabled people are provided with household appliances, typho-, sign- and other means they need for social adaptation; Repair of these devices and facilities is carried out for disabled people free of charge or on preferential terms.

The procedure for providing disabled people with technical and other means that make their work and life easier is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Disabled people and disabled children have the right to sanatorium-resort treatment in accordance with an individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person on preferential terms. Group I disabled people and disabled children in need of spa treatment, have the right to receive a second voucher under the same conditions for the person accompanying them.

For non-working disabled people, including those in inpatient social service institutions, sanatorium and resort vouchers are issued free of charge by social protection authorities.

Working disabled people are provided with sanatorium and resort vouchers at their place of work on preferential terms at the expense of social insurance funds.

Disabled persons who have received a work injury or occupational disease are provided with vouchers for sanatorium-resort treatment at the expense of employers who are obliged to compensate for harm caused to employees as a result of injury, occupational disease or other damage to health associated with the performance of work duties by employees.

Disabled children, their parents, guardians, trustees and social workers Those caring for disabled children, as well as disabled people, enjoy the right to free travel on all types of public transport in urban and suburban traffic, except taxis.

Disabled persons are given a 50 percent discount on the cost of travel on intercity lines of air, rail, river and road transport from October 1 to May 15 and once (round trip) at other times of the year. Disabled people of groups I and II and disabled children are given the right to free travel once a year to the place of treatment and back, unless more preferential conditions are established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

These benefits apply to a person accompanying a disabled person of group I or a disabled child.

Disabled children and their accompanying persons are given the right to free travel to the place of treatment (examination) on buses on suburban and intercity intraregional routes.

Disabled people who have appropriate medical indications, are provided with vehicles free of charge or on preferential terms. Disabled children who have reached the age of five and suffer from dysfunction of the musculoskeletal system are provided with motor vehicles under the same conditions with the right to drive these vehicles by adult family members.

Technical support and repair of vehicles and other rehabilitation equipment belonging to disabled people are carried out out of turn on preferential terms and in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Disabled persons and parents of disabled children are compensated for expenses associated with the operation of special vehicles.

Disabled persons who have appropriate medical indications for receiving a free vehicle, but have not received it, and also at their request, instead of receiving a vehicle, are provided with an annual financial compensation transport costs.

The procedure and conditions for the provision of vehicles and payment of compensation for transportation costs are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, provide disabled people with benefits for paying for medications and sanatorium and resort treatment; on transport services, lending, acquisition, construction, receipt and maintenance of housing; for payment of utilities, services of communication institutions, trade enterprises, cultural, entertainment and sports and recreational institutions in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

This Federal Law preserves the benefits established for people with disabilities by law former Union SSR. The benefits provided for disabled people are preserved regardless of the type of pensions they receive.

In cases where other legal acts for disabled people provide for norms that increase the level of social protection of disabled people compared to this Federal Law, the provisions of these legal acts are applied. If a disabled person has the right to the same benefit under this Federal Law and at the same time under another legal act, the benefit is provided either under this Federal Law or under another legal act (regardless of the basis for establishing the benefit).

Citizens and officials guilty of violating the rights and freedoms of people with disabilities bear responsibility in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Disputes regarding the determination of disability, the implementation of individual rehabilitation programs for people with disabilities, the provision of specific social protection measures, as well as disputes concerning other rights and freedoms of people with disabilities are considered in court.

Chapter V. Public associations of disabled people

In order to represent and protect their rights and legitimate interests, disabled people and persons representing their interests have the right to create public associations, movements and funds in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. Public associations of disabled people and their divisions, which are legal entities, may be participants in business companies created for the purpose of carrying out entrepreneurial activities. Federal executive authorities and executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation provide assistance and assistance, including material, technical and financial, to public associations of disabled people, their movements and funds.

Federal executive authorities, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, attract authorized representatives public associations of disabled people to prepare and make decisions affecting the interests of disabled people. Decisions made in violation of this rule may be declared invalid in court.

Public associations of disabled people may own enterprises, institutions, organizations, business partnerships and societies, buildings, structures, equipment, transport, housing, intellectual values, cash, shares, shares and securities, as well as any other property and land plots in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The state guarantees the provision of benefits for the payment of federal taxes, fees, duties and other payments to budgets of all levels to all-Russian public associations of disabled people, their organizations, enterprises, institutions, organizations, business societies and partnerships owned by them, the authorized capital of which consists of the contribution of these public associations of disabled people.

Decisions on providing benefits to public associations of disabled people for the payment of regional and local taxes, fees, duties and other payments are made by government bodies at the appropriate level.

Decisions on providing benefits for the payment of federal taxes, fees, duties and other payments to regional and local public associations of people with disabilities can be made by government bodies at the appropriate level within the limits of amounts credited in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation to their budgets.

The Zakonbase website presents the FEDERAL LAW of November 24, 1995 N 181-FZ "ON SOCIAL PROTECTION OF DISABLED PEOPLE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION" in its very latest edition. It is easy to comply with all legal requirements if you read the relevant sections, chapters and articles of this document for 2014. To find the necessary legislative acts on a topic of interest, you should use convenient navigation or advanced search.

On the Zakonbase website you will find the FEDERAL LAW of November 24, 1995 N 181-FZ "ON SOCIAL PROTECTION OF DISABLED PEOPLE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION" in the latest and full version, in which all changes and amendments have been made. This guarantees the relevance and reliability of the information.

At the same time, you can download the FEDERAL LAW of November 24, 1995 N 181-FZ “ON SOCIAL PROTECTION OF DISABLED PEOPLE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION” completely free of charge, both in full and in separate chapters.

One of the main problems modern Russia is big number those who are unable to independently perform actions aimed at satisfying natural needs. Of the country's 144 million population, more than 12 are disabled. The state is obliged to pay them pensions, as well as provide certain social benefits free of charge.

The country has adopted Federal Law No. 181 “On Social Protection of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities”, according to which the reasons for granting a subject this status are determined. It also regulates the degree of support.

The concept of "disabled"

According to Art. No. 1 Federal Law 181 “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons”, a disabled person is a person who has a physical or psychological disorder functions of the body, in which life limitations appear. Such citizens have the right to receive assistance and protection from the state.

Depending on the severity of the illness and age, a person is assigned a group, which presupposes the size of the pension and set additional services. If a person is under 18 years of age, then he is classified as a “disabled child.”

Such people can receive help only if the need for support and protection is confirmed. To do this, you must undergo a medical examination by the MES. It assigns a disability category. To start receiving a pension, you need to collect a number of documents, including a certificate from the MES, and submit them to the Pension Fund at your place of residence.

State support

The state takes a number of measures to protect people with disabilities. They consist of providing social benefits to those who cannot obtain them on their own. Activities are being carried out to replace functions lost by a person, regardless of the disability group. These are measures such as:

  • organization of lifts;
  • home care by doctors;
  • provision of transport;
  • etc.

All this is aimed at ensuring that a person can freely communicate with the rest of society.

Important! The Federal Law “On the Protection of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities” suppresses violations of rights and attempts to discriminate on the basis of disability. A person who refuses services to people with disabilities is subject to punishment at the level of the administrative and criminal codes.

MES

A medical and social examination is carried out on the basis of a referral from a doctor who is seeing a disabled person. It determines the category of disability, affects the size pension payments, as well as the number of additional services provided by the state.

What functions does the MES perform:

  • establishing a disability group and the amount of social protection for disabled people, both adults and children;
  • determination of follow-up measures designed to return the subject to a normal lifestyle or to maintain the latter’s health;
  • collecting statistical data on the health of the population in Russia and identifying measures to improve life;
  • providing assistance to a family in which a disabled person lives.

Note! All decisions made during the examination are binding. If the local MES service has issued a verdict with which the applicant does not agree, he has the right to transfer the case to the federal bureau.

New amendments to the law “On the Protection of Persons with Disabilities” are posted on the MEA website. They are open to everyone. Changes in the law and types of support are indicated there.

Quality control

Independent audits of the quality of social protection services for people with disabilities in the Russian Federation are carried out annually. This makes it possible to prevent violations of the rights of people with disabilities, as well as to constantly improve the quality of service.

The following criteria are assessed:

  • openness of information for review;
  • form of assistance;
  • personal attitude of civil servants;
  • effectiveness of measures taken.

An independent commission to assess the quality of services providing assistance and financed by the state is formed from specialists from public organizations.

Rehabilitation and habilitation services

Rehabilitation is designed to help restore lost functions, without which the subject cannot carry out daily activities. Habilitation is aimed at acquiring new skills to replace lost ones. Both activities perform the function of restoring a person’s ability to contact society and not be limited in social activities.

What are the social protection measures for people with disabilities aimed at:

  • provision of all necessary medical services aimed at restoring lost functions. This item includes the provision of prosthetics, the organization of regular spa treatment;
  • support in orientation in society and provision of assistance in entering universities and taking up work or social activities;
  • regular psychological and social assistance in adaptation;
  • organization of sporting events of an entertainment and therapeutic nature.

The legislation stipulates that all those in need, together with their families, should receive services and detailed information about your rights.

Federal services providing support must fully fulfill obligations that were paid both from the budget and from private funds. The number of rehabilitation and habilitation activities provided by services cannot be reduced without the consent of the disabled person.

Sometimes local federal services for supporting people with disabilities do not have the opportunity to purchase equipment for rehabilitation, or it has already been purchased with money from the personal budget. Then the person who applied is paid monetary compensation.

Note! The amount of compensation is equal to the amount of costs for purchasing equipment, but cannot exceed it.

The list of programs for rehabilitation and habilitation is compiled by the MES commission. In case of refusal of certain services to those in need, federal organization support is exempt from fulfilling obligations.

Technical support

The state provides all technical items aimed at replenishing lost functions or completely replacing them.

Support devices include:

  • means that allow you to independently service your primary needs;
  • personal care and home care items;
  • means for orientation in space. This includes guide dogs;
  • items for self-development. Books using Braille and special stationery;
  • mechanisms necessary for movement, such as prostheses, strollers, certain conditions, automobile transport.

Funds for the purchase of all devices are taken from the federal budget and are provided free of charge to those in need for permanent free use. The list of necessary technical means is influenced by the list of indications that is established in the MES.

Those who use guide dogs are provided with an annual payment of 17,420 rubles. The state assumes that the funds are allocated for the care and maintenance of the animal. The amount increases every year on February 1. The percentage of increase depends on the level of inflation in the country and is determined by the government of the Russian Federation.

Methods of informing

Federal support agencies are required by law to provide free of charge all necessary information to accessible form. In case of loss of vision, hearing or the ability to speak, it is necessary to make contact and provide services taking into account the capabilities of the person applying. This means that information must be presented in Braille or through sign language. IN government agencies a worker with the latest skills must be present.

If a disabled person who has lost his sight carries out operations to obtain a loan, mortgage, installment plan or large purchase, he must be provided with special equipment. It is called facsimile and allows you to reproduce the signature using copying tools.

To make a purchase or loan, a blind person must provide:

  • identification;
  • a notarized certificate of authenticity of the signature of a blind person, accompanied by a facsimile copy;
  • original or certified certificate of visual disability.

Access to public infrastructures

Bodies of federal and local government of the Russian Federation according to Art. No. 15 Federal Law 181 must provide persons with disabilities with:

  • easy access to any public buildings, recreation areas and places of treatment;
  • the opportunity to use land, sea and air transport without restrictions for urban and intercity transportation;
  • no obstacles when moving independently around public buildings;
  • targeting aids to their use by people with disabilities by translating them into Braille and sign language;
  • possibility of free movement of persons accompanied by guide dogs.

Note! Last condition must be performed if the animal is present identification marks, reporting that it belongs to a blind person.

If public buildings are not able to provide these conditions, then the premises are reorganized. Until all preparations are completed, the administration of the organization must provide assistance to the disabled person. All measures, their type and size must be agreed upon with federal services.

Service control

The state is obliged to control the drafting and implementation of mandatory services for people with disabilities. This is done by the authorized persons in the area:

  • transportation by public transport;
  • providing benefits;
  • control over the quality of service;
  • conservation cultural heritage Russian Federation.

Providing housing

If a disabled person, or the family caring for him, needs to improve living conditions, the state is obliged to provide accommodation from federal funds.

When providing housing, the needs of the applicant and a number of additional factors affecting the state of health are taken into account. The area of ​​the premises can be at most twice the minimum for one person to live in. If a person suffers from severe forms of chronic illness or injury, the decision on the size of housing may be subject to revision.

The premises must be equipped with funds aimed at the rehabilitation and habilitation of a disabled person using money from the federal budget.

The housing space is not transferred into ownership, but is used in accordance with the social tenancy act. On public utilities and the rent of such apartments is provided with a 50% discount.

Education

The federal administration helps people with disabilities receive education, both general and second higher education. Factors influencing the capabilities of a disabled person are taken into account.

Applicants receive:

  • 100% tuition payment;
  • free transport to the educational institution if necessary;
  • consultation with a psychologist and social worker. support;
  • special programs.

In addition to education, according to Art. No. 20 Federal Law - 181, disabled people are provided with assistance in finding employment.

Criminal liability

Art. No. 32 Federal Law - 181 stipulates that persons convicted of violating the rights of or discriminating against people with disabilities are liable in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. Cases of unlawful use of pension funds, as well as controversial issues, are considered in court.

Conclusion

The Russian government, together with numerous public organizations tries to improve the living conditions of people with disabilities and ensure the protection of their rights. For this purpose, money from the federal budget and assistance from private funds are used. There are criminal penalties for discrimination against persons with disabilities.

The size of the pension increases every year, which is aimed not only at maintaining health, but also at returning lost skills. Thanks to this, it is possible to regain previously lost physical or mental functions.

Despite all this, the living conditions of disabled people in Russia are an order of magnitude behind those in Europe. This is due to the high rate of inflation growth in the country. Every year, the percentage of able-bodied citizens decreases. Because of this, the Pension Fund is experiencing a shortage of funds, which are calculated from official earnings.

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