International nonproprietary name
Dextrose
Dosage form
Solution for infusion 5%
Compound
1 liter of solution contains
active substance - glucose 50 g,
Excipients: sodium chloride, hydrochloric acid 0.1 M, water for injection.
Description
Transparent colorless or slightly yellowish liquid.
Pharmacotherapeutic group
Plasma replacement and perfusion solutions. Irrigation solutions.
Other irrigation solutions. Dextrose.
Code ATX В05СХ01
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacokinetics
Despite big sizes dextrose molecules in relation to salt molecules, including organic ones, it quickly leaves the vascular bed. From the intercellular space, dextrose penetrates into the cells, which is facilitated by the additional release of insulin, and is metabolized to carbon dioxide and water. It is completely absorbed by the body and is not excreted by the kidneys (if there is an excessive concentration of dextrose in the blood, part of the drug is excreted by the kidneys).
Pharmacodynamics
Carbohydrate nutrition product. Glucose is involved in various processes metabolism in the body, enhances redox processes in the body, improves the antitoxic function of the liver, and covers part of the body’s energy costs.
Infusion of glucose solutions quickly replenishes water deficiency. Glucose, entering tissues, is phosphorylated, turning into glucose-6-phosphate, which is actively involved in many parts of the body’s metabolism.
A 5% glucose solution has a detoxifying and metabolic effect and is a source of easily digestible nutrient. When glucose is metabolized in tissues, a significant amount of energy is released, which is necessary for the functioning of the body.
Indications for use
Hypoglycemia, carbohydrate deficiency
Rapid replenishment of fluid volume during cellular, extracellular and
general dehydration
As a component of blood replacement and anti-shock fluids
To prepare solutions for intravenous administration
Directions for use and doses
For adults
Subcutaneously (up to 500 ml), intravenous drip at a rate of 7 ml/min (150 drops/min), maximum daily dose 2000 ml. Also used intravenously in a stream of 10-50 ml, rectally in enemas of 300-500 ml.
In adults with normal metabolism, the daily dose of administered glucose should not exceed 4 - 6 g/kg/day, i.e. about 250 - 450 g / day (with a decrease in metabolic rate, the daily dose is reduced to 200 - 300 g), while the volume of administered fluid is 30-40 ml / kg / day.
For children parenteral nutrition along with fats and amino acids, 6 g/kg/day is administered on the first day, subsequently up to 15 g/kg/day. When calculating the dose, the permissible volume of administered fluid should be taken into account: for children with a body weight of 2-10 kg - 100-165 ml/kg/day, for children with a body weight of 10-40 kg - 45-100 ml/kg/day.
The duration of administration of the drug should be controlled by the concentration of glucose in the blood serum. For more complete and rapid absorption of glucose, insulin is sometimes administered simultaneously (4-5 units per skin).
Side effects
Hyperglycemia
Fever
Hypervolemia
At the injection site: mild pain, thrombophlebitis
With repeated administration of glucose solution, disturbances may occur. functional state liver and depletion of the insular apparatus of the pancreas.
Infection, thrombophlebitis, and tissue necrosis in case of hemorrhage may develop at the injection site. Such reactions may be caused by decomposition products arising after autoclaving, or occur due to improper administration of the drug. For warning side effects Patients must carefully observe the dose and technique of drug administration.
Intravenous use may lead to disturbances in electrolyte metabolism, including hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia and hypophosphatemia.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug
Hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus
Hyperlactic acidemia
Overhydration
Postoperative disorders of glucose utilization
Circulatory disorders that threaten cerebral and pulmonary edema
Cerebral edema, pulmonary edema
Acute left ventricular failure
Hyperosmolar coma
Drug interactions
There may be unseen chemical or therapeutic incompatibilities. When adding other drugs to the solution, it is necessary to visually monitor compatibility.
special instructions
Use with caution in decompensated chronic heart failure, chronic renal failure(oligo-anuria), hyponatremia, diabetes mellitus. Cannot be used in conjunction with ACD banked blood. Infusion of large volumes of glucose may be dangerous in patients who have large losses of electrolytes.
Follow electrolyte balance! To increase osmolarity, a 5% glucose solution can be combined with a 0.9% sodium chloride solution.
Monitoring blood glucose levels is necessary.
For more complete and rapid absorption of glucose, you can inject 4 - 5 units of insulin subcutaneously, at the rate of 1 unit of insulin per 4 - 5 g of glucose.
Pregnancy and lactation
Can be used according to indications.
Features of the influence on the ability to drive a vehicle or potentially dangerous mechanisms
Does not affect.
Overdose
Symptoms: hyperglycemia, glycosuria, hyperglycemic hyperosmolar coma, hyperhydration, water-electrolyte imbalance.
Treatment: in case of overdose, the drug should be discontinued and symptomatic therapy. If there is a significant increase in blood glucose, administer insulin therapy. In case of overhydration, treat with osmotic diuretics. In severe heart failure, edema can be eliminated with dialysis.
Release form and packaging
100 ml, 250 ml and 500 ml in glass or polypropylene bottles for infusion solutions with a capacity of 100 ml, 250 ml and 500 ml according to ISO 4802/1 - 1998 (colorless or slightly colored), sealed with rubber stoppers made of rubber (ONB 005-01-5-15) and crimped with aluminum caps (ONB 004-01-6- 25).
A label made of label paper (self-adhesive) is glued onto the bottles.
Group and transport packaging in accordance with GOST 17768-90.
Packed in a cardboard box along with instructions for use medical use in the state and Russian languages.
The box lid flaps must be sealed.
Storage conditions
Store at temperatures between 15°C and 30°C
Keep out of the reach of children!
Shelf life
Do not use after expiration date
Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies
On prescription
Manufacturer
AS "Huashidan", China
Registration Certificate Holder
AS "Huashidan", China
No.45, Henan East Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang
Address of the organization that accepts claims from consumers regarding the quality of products (products) on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan:
Astana, Pushkin street 166/5
phone: 87172(395225,395883)
fax: 871712(395225); email: [email protected]
Dextrose is a drug that is injected into the body parenterally. Let's read the instructions for use in more detail.
What is the composition and release form of Dextrose?
The product is presented as a solution that is used intravenously. It is placed in bottles or plastic containers. You can buy it without a prescription. You can see the expiration date on the container, as well as the manufacturing time of the drug.
What is the effect of Dextrose?
The drug Dextrose is considered a plasma-substituting, detoxifying agent; in addition, the drug has a metabolic and hydrating effect and provides the necessary energy metabolism. The medication is aimed at maintaining the volume of circulating plasma.
An isotonic solution is able to replenish the volume of lost fluid, hypertonic solution increases the release of so-called tissue fluid directly into the vascular bed, increases diuresis, and also promotes the elimination of toxic compounds.
Dextrose is involved in metabolic processes, enhances oxidative recovery processes, in addition, improves antitoxic liver function. Entering the tissues, the drug is phosphorylated, resulting in the formation of glucose-6-phosphate, which is actively involved in many metabolic processes of the body.
What are the indications for use of Dextrose?
The drug Dextrose can be used in following cases that should be listed:
In the presence of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar);
With insufficient carbohydrate nutrition;
In the presence of toxic infection;
In case of liver pathology accompanied by intoxication, such as hepatitis, degenerative processes of this organ, its atrophy, as well as liver failure;
A remedy is prescribed for hemorrhagic diathesis;
If there is severe dehydration, such as severe vomiting, if there is loose stool, Besides, in postoperative period;
In shock and collaptoid state;
The product is used as a component of blood-substituting fluids.
In addition, Dextrose is used to dilute some medicines, intended for intravenous use.
What are the contraindications for use of Dextrose?
Dextrose is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to it, with hyperglycemia, pulmonary and cerebral edema, diabetes mellitus, with hyperosmolar coma, with hyperlactic acidemia and with hyperhydration, in addition, with postoperative impairment of the so-called glucose utilization. The drug is used with caution for hyponatremia, as well as for decompensated heart failure.
What are the uses and dosage of Dextrose?
The drug Dextrose is administered intravenously, and the drug is prescribed by drip, a 5% solution is recommended to be administered at a maximum speed, which should correspond to seven milliliters per minute, with a maximum daily dosage should not exceed two liters.
Dextrose 10% is administered intravenously at a rate of up to sixty drops per minute, while a maximum of one liter of solution with this concentration can be infused into the patient per day.
For patients suffering diabetes mellitus It is recommended that this medication be administered under direct monitoring of blood and urine sugar. If this indicator increases, it is recommended to stop using the product.
What are the side effects of Dextrose?
The use of Dextrose may cause the following: side effects: the patient may develop a fever, inflammation of the soft tissues at the site of drug administration may occur, in addition, the development of thrombosis or thrombophlebitis is possible, which is most often explained by a violation of asepsis during the direct preparation of the solution or the technique of administering the drug.
In addition, hypervolemia (an increase in the volume of circulating fluid) may develop; in a more severe situation, left ventricular failure is observed, which occurs in an acute manner. If undesirable manifestations are severe, you should consult a qualified specialist.
Overdose of Dextrose
An overdose of Dextrose can cause an increase in the volume of circulating blood, which will lead to disruption of the heart. In this case, the patient is given the necessary symptomatic treatment.
special instructions
For complete, as well as for faster absorption of the drug Dextrose by the body, it is recommended to simultaneously administer 4-5 units of insulin using subcutaneous injection, at the rate of 1 unit per 4 grams of dextrose.
When combining this solution with other medications, it is necessary to monitor their compatibility, since sometimes invisible therapeutic incompatibility of drugs is possible.
What are Dextrose's analogues?
Analogue drugs include the following medications: Glucose Bieffe, Glucose, in addition, Glucosteril, Glucose Brown, Dextrose monohydrate, and Dextrose Vial.
Conclusion
We talked about the drug Dextrose. Instructions for use of the drug indicate its contraindications! The drug must be used on the recommendation of the treating doctor, based on the indications for use.
Glucose (dextrose) is a fruit sugar that is found in most fruit juices. Is very important chemical compound, taking part in many vital processes of the body. IN normal conditions the substance is colorless crystals. Dextrose has a sweet taste and is highly soluble in water and concentrated sulfuric acid. The density of the substance is 1.54 grams per cubic centimeter.
Properties of matter
In nature, glucose is formed as a result of photosynthesis, and in industry it is obtained through the hydrolysis of starch. The compound exhibits high chemical activity. Reacts well with oxygen, forming gluconic acid. With further oxidation, glucuronic and then glucaric acid can be obtained. In reactions with metal-containing salts and metal oxides, it exhibits the properties of a strong reducing agent. In particular, it is used to isolate pure silver from its oxide.
Compound plays a critical role in generating energy to provide metabolic processes in the cells of the body. It can be oxidized in an aerobic environment, releasing large amounts of biological energy. In living organisms, glucose accumulates in the form of glycogen, in plants - in the form of starch. Also, its derivative, cellulose, consists of the cell membranes of all higher plants common on planet Earth.
Dextrose monohydrate refers to monosaccharide carbons that are used in Food Industry. By appearance it is a white sweet powder. Used as a flavoring additive in the production of chocolate, candies, cookies, cakes and others. confectionery. It is used in the alcohol industry, and is also included in sweet drinks and canned fruits.
In medicine, the substance is used to obtain vitamin C, antibiotics and drugs to support the body during serious illnesses. In this case, dissolved glucose is administered to patients intravenously. The compound is well absorbed by any cells of the body, so it can be delivered internally in any way. Food dextrose obtained by affecting starch by hydrolysis.
How to get glucose?
Glucose is quite easy to obtain at home. To do this, you need to take starch paste and mix it with ten percent sulfuric acid. For a glass of paste you will need no more than two teaspoons of acid. The resulting solution should be placed on low heat and stirred constantly. About 15 minutes after the start of heating, you need to take a couple of drops of the solution for testing and drop diluted iodine on them. If blue or red coloration occurs, heating must be continued.
If the color has not changed, then the first stage is over. You need to add 10-15 grams of powdered chalk to the solution to neutralize the acidic environment. The resulting liquid must be put on fire so that about two-thirds of the water evaporates from it. The remaining solution must be filtered through several layers of gauze, and then continue evaporation until a caramel-like mass is formed.
The resulting substance will be glucose. Buying dextrose on an industrial scale is also not difficult. You can find on the Internet a large number of proposals from manufacturing companies or their official representatives. The average price is 70 thousand rubles per ton, but with large wholesale purchases you can find a better offer.
Use of glucose in medicine
Dextrose solution can be used as a biological medium for the cultivation of microorganisms. This is used in medicine to find cures for various serious diseases. This approach is also used in the food industry to create colonies useful for human body bacteria that are part of fermented milk products.
The compound is widely used in medicine to obtain various drugs. Potassium dextrose, sodium chloride, sodium chloride citrate is used for dehydration of the body to restore water and electrolyte balance. The drug is used internally by dissolving the powder in a glass of water. Prescribed for significant loss of moisture during the day as a result of physical activity or poisoning of the body.
The solution also helps to cope well with the consequences of heat strokes and overheating of the body. The concentration of the drug in water is selected depending on the patient’s condition. The worse it is, the correspondingly higher should be the mass fraction of powder in the solution. You need to drink the resulting liquid 50 milliliters over 4-6 hours at intervals of 5-10 minutes.
Dextrose citrate is used during transfusion to prevent clotting. donated blood. However, under no circumstances should it be injected directly into a vein. The drug is intended for use in a plasmacytopheresis apparatus. Also, the substance cannot be mixed with any other medicines, since laboratory conditions the method of their interaction has not been established.
Citrate should not be used if the patient has liver problems or certain blood diseases. This substance cannot be found on the open market, since it is intended exclusively for specialized medical equipment and has no practical application for other purposes.
Registration number:
Trade name of the drug: Dextrose solution for infusion 5%, 10%
International generic name(INN): dextrose
Chemical name: D-glucose
Dosage form: solution for infusion
Compound: for one bottle:
Description: transparent colorless liquid.
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Carbohydrate food.
ATX code BO5BA03
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics
Participates in various metabolic processes in the body, enhances redox processes in the body, improves the antitoxic function of the liver. Infusion of dextrose solutions partially compensates for the water deficiency. Dextrose, entering tissues, is phosphorylated, turning into glucose-6-phosphate, which is actively involved in many parts of the body's metabolism. Absorbed completely by the body, not excreted by the kidneys (appearance in urine is pathological sign).
An isotonic 5% dextrose solution has a detoxifying, metabolic effect and is a source of valuable, easily digestible nutrients. When glucose is metabolized in tissues, a significant amount of energy is released, which is necessary for the functioning of the body.
Hypertonic 10% glucose solution increases blood osmotic pressure and improves metabolism; increases myocardial contractility; improves the antitoxic function of the liver, dilates blood vessels, increases diuresis.
Indications for use
Hypoglycemia, carbohydrate deficiency, toxic infection, intoxication in liver diseases (hepatitis, liver dystrophy and atrophy, incl. liver failure), hemorrhagic diathesis; dehydration (vomiting, diarrhea, postoperative period); intoxication; collapse, shock. Used as a component of various blood replacement and anti-shock fluids; for the preparation of drug solutions for intravenous administration.
Contraindications
Hyperglycemia, hypersensitivity, hyperlactic acidemia, overhydration, postoperative disorders glucose utilization; cerebral edema, pulmonary edema, acute left ventricular failure, hyperosmolar coma.
Carefully
Decompensated heart failure, chronic renal failure (oligo-, anuria), hyponatremia, diabetes mellitus
Directions for use and doses
A 5% solution is administered intravenously at a maximum speed of up to 7 ml (150 drops)/min (400 ml/h); the maximum daily dose for adults is 2000 ml. A 10% solution is administered at a maximum speed of up to 3 ml (60 drops)/min; the maximum daily dose for adults is 1000 ml.
IV stream - 10-50 ml of 10% solution.
When used for parenteral nutrition in adults with normal metabolism, the daily dose of administered dextrose should not exceed 4-6 g/kg/day, i.e. about 250-450 g/day (with a decrease in metabolic rate, the daily dose is reduced to 200-300 g), while the volume of administered fluid is 30-40 ml/kg/day. Rate of administration: at in good condition metabolism maximum speed administration to adults - 0.25-0.5 g/kg/h (with a decrease in metabolic rate, the rate of administration is reduced to 0.125-0.25 g/kg/h).
For parenteral nutrition, along with fats and amino acids, children are given 6 g of dextrose/kg/day on the first day, subsequently up to 15 g/kg/day. When calculating the dose of dextrose when administering 5% and 10% solutions, it is necessary to take into account the permissible volume of injected liquid: for children weighing 2-10 kg - 100-165 ml/kg/day, children weighing 10-40 kg - 45-100 ml/kg/day The rate of administration should not exceed 0.75 g/kg/hour.
For more complete absorption of dextrose, administered in large doses, insulin is prescribed simultaneously with it at the rate of 1 unit of insulin per 4-5 g of dextrose. For patients with diabetes mellitus, dextrose is administered under the control of its content in the blood and urine.
Side effect
Water-electrolyte imbalance, hyperglycemia, fever, hypervolemia, acute left ventricular failure.
Local reactions: development of infection, thrombophlebitis.
Overdose
Symptoms: hyperglycemia, glucosuria, water and electrolyte imbalance.
Treatment: stop administering the glucose solution, administer insulin; symptomatic therapy.
Interaction
When combined with others medicines it is necessary to visually monitor pharmaceutical compatibility.
special instructions
For more complete absorption of dextrose, administered in large doses, insulin is prescribed simultaneously with it at the rate of 1 unit of insulin per 4-5 g of dextrose.
Release form
Solution for infusion, 5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml.
100 ml in bottles or glass bottles with a capacity of 100 ml.
1 bottle along with instructions for use in a cardboard box or 10 bottles along with instructions for use in a cardboard box (packaging for hospitals).
Storage conditions
In a dry place, protected from light, at a temperature of 5 to 20°C.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Best before date
3 years. Do not use after expiration date.
Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies
By doctor's prescription.
Manufacturer/address for filing complaints
ABOLmed LLC, Russia.
Legal address:
Manufacturer's address:
630071, Novosibirsk region, Novosibirsk, Leninsky district, st. Dukach, 4.
Dextrose: instructions for use and reviews
Latin name: Dextrose
ATX code: B05BA03
Active substance: Dextrose
Manufacturer: ABOLmed (Russia)
Updating the description and photo: 12.07.2018
Dextrose is a means of carbohydrate nutrition.
Release form and composition
- Isotonic solution for infusion Dextrose 5%: transparent, colorless (100 ml in bottles or vials, 1 bottle in a cardboard box);
- Hypertonic solution for infusion Dextrose 10%: transparent, colorless (100 ml bottles or vials, 1 bottle in a cardboard box).
Active ingredient: dextrose, 5 or 10 g per 100 ml solution.
Excipients: hydrochloric acid solution, water for injection.
Pharmacological properties
The drug has a metabolic and detoxification effect.
Pharmacodynamics
The drug is an isotonic solution of dextrose, which in the body is converted into the form of glucose-6-phosphate. The substance participates in various metabolic processes in the body, accelerates redox reactions, and improves the liver’s ability to fight toxins. The use of the solution helps to increase the osmotic pressure of urine and blood. Dextrose also increases myocardial contractility, enhances diuresis and has a volemic, vasodilating and detoxification effect.
Pharmacokinetics
The absorption rate of dextrose is quite high, and it is completely metabolized in the liver. The substance is not eliminated (its detection in urine is considered a sign of pathology).
Indications for use
- Insufficient carbohydrate nutrition;
- Hypoglycemia;
- Toxic infection;
- Intoxication;
- Dehydration (due to diarrhea, vomiting, in the postoperative period);
- Intoxication due to liver diseases (hepatitis, liver atrophy and dystrophy, including liver failure);
- Collapse;
- Hemorrhagic diathesis;
Dextrose is also used to prepare solutions of drugs for intravenous administration, and is used as a component of various anti-shock and blood-substituting fluids.
Contraindications
Absolute:
- Pulmonary edema;
- Overhydration;
- Hyperglycemia;
- Hyperosmolar coma;
- Hyperlactic acidemia;
- Brain swelling;
- Postoperative disorders of glucose utilization;
- Hypersensitivity to the drug.
Relative:
- Hyponatremia;
- Decompensated heart failure;
- Diabetes;
- Chronic renal failure (oliguria, anuria).
Instructions for use of Dextrose: method and dosage
According to the instructions, Dextrose is intended for intravenous administration, drip or jet.
A 5% solution is administered dropwise at a rate of no more than 7 ml/minute (400 ml per hour) in a daily dose for adults of up to 2000 ml; 10% solution - at a rate of no more than 3 ml/minute in a daily dose for adults up to 1000 ml.
10-50 ml of a 10% solution are prescribed in a stream.
When prescribing parenteral nutrition to adult patients with normal metabolism, the maximum permissible daily dose of Dextrose is no more than 4-6 g/kg (i.e. approximately 250-450 g/day), the drug is administered at a rate of 0.25-0.5 g /kg/hour. If the metabolic rate decreases, the dose is reduced to 200-300 g and administered at a rate of 0.125-0.25 g/kg/hour. The daily volume of fluid administered should be 30-40 ml/kg.
Dextrose is administered to children as parenteral nutrition (along with fats and amino acids): on the first day - 6 g/kg/day, then up to 15 g/kg/day. When calculating the dose of the drug when administering 5% and 10% solutions, it is necessary to take into account the permissible daily volume of administered fluid: children weighing 2-10 kg - 100-165 ml/kg, children weighing 10-40 kg - 45-100 ml/kg . The maximum permissible rate of administration is 0.75 g/kg/hour.
Side effects
- Fever;
- Violation of water and electrolyte balance;
- Hypervolemia;
- Hyperglycemia;
- Acute left ventricular failure;
- Local reactions: thrombophlebitis, infection.
Overdose
Symptoms of overdose include disturbances in water and electrolyte balance, glucosuria, and hyperglycemia. In this case, it is necessary to stop administering the glucose solution and replace it with insulin. Symptomatic therapy is also effective.
special instructions
For patients with diabetes mellitus, dextrose should be administered under the control of its content in the urine and blood.
For good absorption dextrose administered in large doses, insulin can be prescribed at the same time: 1 unit per 4-5 g of dextrose.
Use during pregnancy and lactation
During pregnancy and lactation, 5% and 10% Dextrose solutions for infusion are allowed to be used according to indications.
Use in childhood
The use of the drug in children is possible with strict observance dosage regimen.
For impaired renal function
The drug is used with caution in chronic renal failure (oliguria and anuria).
Drug interactions
In cases where Dextrose is combined with other drugs, it is necessary to visually monitor their pharmaceutical compatibility.
Analogues
Analogs of Dextrose are: Dextrose-Vial, Glucose, Glucose-Eskom, Glucose Bufus, Glucose-Vial.
Terms and conditions of storage
Store at a temperature of 5-20 ºС in a dry place, protected from light, out of reach of children.
Shelf life – 3 years.
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