Incredible facts

Muscles and bones provide structure to our body and allow us to jump, run, or just lie on the couch.

We have 17 muscles to smile and 43 to to frown. Therefore, this is an extremely broad and varied topic, but only the most interesting can be mentioned.

Bone Facts

Number of bones

In newborns 300 bones and in an adult, they become 206. The reason for many bones in babies is separation large bones on smaller ones that grow together with age (for example, the bones of the skull). Nature created this for newborns who need "elasticity" to be born.

Besides:

The skeleton contains 34 unpaired bones.
The skull bones are composed of 23 units.
Vertebral column consists of 26 bones.
The ribs and sternum are made up of 25 bones.
Skeleton upper limbs consists of 64 bones.
Skeleton lower limbs consists of 62 bones.

Change in human height

We are higher in the morning than in the evening by about by 1 cm.

The cartilage between our bones at the beginning of the day is in an unclenched position. However, during the working day, we sit, walk or do something else, which leads to cartilage shrinkage at the end of the day.

For example, in astronauts, the change in height is even more interesting. With a long stay in zero gravity, their growth increases by 5-8 cm.

The danger of such a change in growth is that the strength of the spine decreases. Growth gradually returns to its previous parameters when astronauts return to Earth.

After the death of a person, his height increases by about 5 cm compared to his height during life.

Teeth facts

The tooth is the only part human body which itself is not restored. If you have ever lost a tooth, you probably know how unpleasant it is. After the outer shell (enamel) is damaged, a quick trip to the dentist awaits you.

Interesting Facts:

Tooth enamel is hardest fabric which can be produced by the body.
Even considering that calcium is necessary, including for bone tissue, 99% calcium is found in the teeth.
Some studies prove that 2,500 years ago the Maya people (men) adorned their teeth with precious and semiprecious metals and stones. By this they showed the strength of their individual.

Bone strength

Human bone is stronger some types of steel and 5 times stronger reinforced concrete. However, this does not mean that your bones cannot break.

Bones also have very high resistance to compression and fracture.

In older people, the number of mineral substances in the bones, which makes bones fragile (osteoporosis).

Muscle facts

Language facts

Strongest muscle in human body- language. This means that the tongue is the strongest muscle in relation to its size.

Considering the daily food intake and spoken language, it can be argued that the tongue is getting stronger every day.

Since the tongue is extremely mobile (about 80 movements), it can soak and chew food, clean its teeth with solid food particles, mix saliva with food, and push already chewed food into the esophagus.

Without language, we would not be able to speak.

Human bones

Strength is the ability of a material to withstand an applied external destructive force. The ultimate strength of bones depends on the architectonics and the density of the bone tissue itself. The shape of each bone in the human body (macroscopic structure) is determined by the need to withstand the greatest load in a certain part of the skeleton. If there is not enough calcium in the human body, the bones are easily compressed, bent and twisted. And with an excess of calcium, bones become fragile.

Human bones are very strong, they can better withstand compressive stress than tensile stress. Compressive strength is 1.5 times higher than tensile strength. This is due to the fact that the earthly gravitational force is constantly acting on the body.

The tensile strength of bones is 3 times greater than the tensile strength of wood (with longitudinal load on the fibers) and 9 times that of lead. And when compressed, it is 5 times more than the ultimate strength of wood and 7 times more than the ultimate strength of concrete. 1 square mm of bone in cross section can withstand a tensile load of up to 12 kg and up to 16 kg in compression.

A person has more than 200 bones

The most durable is considered femur, its strength is 132 MPa in tension along the longitudinal axis and 58 MPa perpendicular to it. Under the action of a compressive force, the strength of this bone is 187 MPa and 132 MPa, respectively. That is, it will take about 3000 kg in order to crush this bone with pressure.

Bone tensile strength

In an adult healthy person the tensile strength of the femur is the same as the tensile strength of cast iron. This bone is capable of withstanding a flexural load of up to 2500 N.

According to studies conducted in the last century, the femur can withstand a load of 7787 Ncm sq. and 5500 Ncm sq. for compression and tension, respectively. A tibia- 1650 Ncm sq., And this can be compared with the mass of more than 20 people.

Helsiklopedia

1. The hardness of the bone depends on the lime. In an adult, it is 70% skeleton, and the elderly have almost 85% .

2. Newborns have about 300 bones, which eventually shrink to 206. This mechanism is laid down by nature in order to facilitate the process of passing the child through birth canal... As we age, bones harden and join.

3. In the morning, a person's height is higher than in the evening, by about 1 cm. This is due to the fact that when we sit, stand, walk, the cartilage between the bones is slightly compressed.

At birth, the skeleton of a child has 300 bones With age, their number decreases to 206. This anatomical "strangeness" has a simple explanation. The fact is that even after 9 months spent in the womb, the child's skeleton remains not fully formed. Some bones (for example, some bones of the skull) are composed of several compound bones (softer), which subsequently fuse together to form one. More bones and their flexibility make it easier for the baby to pass through the birth canal.

Interesting Facts:

Tooth enamel is hardest fabric which can be produced by the body.
Even considering that calcium is necessary, including for bone tissue, 99% calcium is found in the teeth.
Some studies prove that 2,500 years ago the Maya people (men) adorned their teeth with precious and semiprecious metals and stones. By this they showed the strength of their individual.

Bone strength

Human bone is stronger some types of steel and 5 times stronger reinforced concrete. However, this does not mean that your bones cannot break.

The scallop ends at the bottom nasal spine, spína nasális, on each side of which there is a small uneven area participating in the formation of the upper wall of the corresponding half of the nasal cavity. The nasal spine is also involved in the formation of the bony septum of the nose; in front, it connects with the ridges of the nasal bones, and behind - with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone.

The edges of the ethmoid notch are formed by half-cells, which, being connected on the whole skull with the corresponding half-cells of the ethmoid bone, form an air-bearing ethmoid labyrinth.

Between the ethmoid half-cells, two grooves pass in the transverse direction, which, together with the grooves of the ethmoid bone of the same name, form tubules - anterior and posterior, which open on the inner wall of the orbit, respectively front grill hole, foramen ethmoidale anterius(the nasal nerve and the anterior ethmoid vessels pass through it) and rear lattice hole, foramen ethmoidale posterius(posterior ethmoid nerve and blood vessels). Anterior to the lattice notch, on both sides of the nasal spine, there is aperture frontal sinus , apertura sinus frontalis.

9. The collarbone is the most commonly fractured bone.

8.25% of human bones are found in the legs, more than any other part of the body.

Svetlana Kurochkina, Samogo.Net

Legs are 25% of all bones You may not care much about your feet. But this is the foundation of our health. They bear the whole burden, both literally and figuratively: they suffer from excessive static loads, varicose veins, they swell, in a word, they require increased attention... Of the 200 bones, 52 are in the legs.

The question of how horses sleep arises due to the fact that an animal can very often be found standing with closed eyes and a tucked back leg. People who have had little contact with horses often make the premature conclusion that these elegant animals sleep upright, standing upright. The animal does not react to anything, except that the tail and ears sometimes twitch. Therefore, it seems that this is his typical form of sleep. This is true, but not entirely. Technically speaking, horses sleep while standing, but given state is rather half-asleep.
Due to the special structure knee joints(if necessary, they can be blocked, fixing the ligaments and bones), the animal can evenly distribute body weight between four legs, almost not feeling its heaviness during muscle relaxation. In this state, with a slightly arched lower back, a lowered head, a tail and a slightly saggy lower lip animals and doze. But it's hard to call this deep sleep, because how a horse usually sleeps can vary.
Let's figure out why horses sleep while standing. The reason for this vertical slumber is the need to maintain safety. The animal does not see protection in enclosures and other protective measures taken by humans. Instinct tells him that at the first danger it is necessary to quickly get off the ground and run, hiding, for example, from predators. And they are in the real world, in wildlife, may appear at any time. And from such a slumber, an animal can come out almost instantly. If the horse spilled out horizontally, it would take some time to get up and wake up completely, and these seconds could be fatal. That is why it is more profitable for horses to sleep while standing. most time.
But this does not mean that sleeping on your side is not needed. On the contrary, only he is full-fledged for this creature, while standing up the horse is rather simply resting, restoring its strength. The best way make sure it's safe and lie down. It is believed that otherwise the phase deep sleep not reach, which means that if the animal does not lie down, then it simply risks not getting enough sleep. It is difficult to escape from a predator while being sleepy. Therefore, horses sleep lying down only being confident in safety and it is quite difficult to make sure of this, especially if there is no herd of relatives around that can warn of danger in case of its occurrence.
Consider how long the horses sleep. The duration of their sleep is very different from that of a human. From four to fifteen hours sleep occurs in a standing position. Lying horses can rest from several minutes to a couple of hours, and the real recovery of forces occurs mainly in the lying position, therefore it is this that is a priority. Interestingly, these animals have a sensitive slumber, even if the horse slumbers standing for fifteen hours in a row, this interval is still split into small fragments of slumber for several minutes. Therefore, when horses doze while standing, it is extremely easy for them to wake up, they can quickly respond to any changed situation.

Muscles and bones are the foundation of the human body that allows us to walk, jump, or just lie on the bed.

1. In order to smile, you need to use 17 muscles, and in order to frown - 43. Unless you want to properly stretch the muscles of your face, a smile is the easiest variant of facial expressions. Those who frown and squint a lot know how exhausting it is, which, no doubt, is not conducive to a good mood.

2. A newborn has 300 bones, but in the process of growing up, their number decreases to 206. This happens because many of the bones of a baby are smaller bones, for example, the bones of the skull. This makes the birth process easier for the baby. Bones grow together and become harder as the child grows.

3. In the morning, the person is about a centimeter taller than in the evening. The cartilage between the bones shrinks due to standing, sitting, etc., which makes us a little lower at the end of the day.

4. The strongest human muscle is the tongue. Of course, push-ups with the tongue will not work, but this is a fact: the tongue is the strongest muscle of the human body in proportion to its own size. Think about it - every time you chew, swallow or speak, you are using your tongue, which serves as good physical education for him.

5. The strongest bone of the human skeleton is the jaw bone. The next time someone threatens you with a blow to the jaw, smile - the jawbone is one of the strongest bones.

6. A person uses 200 muscles to take a step. Depending on how you distribute the load, one single step uses about 200 muscles. This is a considerable load, considering that a person makes an average of 10,000 steps per day.

7. A tooth is the only part of the human body that does not know how to regenerate. If you have had a chipped tooth, you will confirm that it is sad, but true. The surface of the tooth is covered with enamel, which is not a living tissue. And this means that she cannot recover, which provides dentists with work.

8. Muscles atrophy twice as slowly as they grow. However, this does not justify those who like to lie on the couch - it is relatively easy to build muscles and get in shape, so you should not be lazy and delay sports.

9. Bones are stronger than some types of iron. This does not mean that bones cannot be broken, as they are much less dense than iron. The tensile strength of bones is 3.5 times less than that of iron. Iron is much heavier than bones, but bone weighing 1 kilogram is stronger than iron with the same weight.

10. The legs contain a quarter of all human bones. You may not have thought about it, but in the legs - the most a large number of bones compared to other organs. How much exactly? Out of about two hundred bones of the human body, 52 two are located just in the legs.