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A cardiologist is a doctor whose competence includes the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of heart and vascular diseases, as well as the rehabilitation of patients after cardiovascular accidents.

If you need cardiology services in Moscow, contact JSC " Family doctor" In our clinics you can undergo diagnostics of the state of the cardiovascular system and receive high-quality cardiac care. You can make an appointment with a cardiologist by phone or using the services of our website.

About cardiovascular diseases

Cardiovascular diseases firmly occupy the first position in the ranking of causes of death. Moreover, the problem is relevant not only for the elderly. The frantic pace of life, chronic stress, unhealthy diet, refined food, replete with animal fats and sugars, sedentary lifestyle life and addictions lead to heart and vascular diseases affecting young people.

The basis of the most common heart diseases is atherosclerosis - chronic illness vessels, characterized by the formation of inner surface cholesterol plaques, which narrow the lumen and impede blood flow. Atherosclerosis leads to poor circulation and oxygen starvation of tissues various organs, but the heart and brain suffer the most. Cardiac ischemia leads to the development of angina, arrhythmia and myocardial infarction; oxygen starvation brain, aggravated by hypertension - to strokes and other neurological problems, including dementia.

Diseases treated by a cardiologist

Congenital defects hearts.

Rheumatic diseases heart disease, and their consequence is acquired valvular heart disease.

Non-rheumatic acquired heart defects.

Atherosclerosis, myocardiosclerosis.

Ischemic disease heart disease (CHD): angina pectoris and myocardial infarction.

Hypertension, or essential hypertension.

Secondary arterial hypertension.

Arterial hypotension.

Cardiac arrhythmias: various forms of tachyarrhythmia, bradycardia and other rhythm disturbances.

Inflammatory diseases heart: endocarditis, myocarditis, pericarditis, carditis.

Cardiomyopathy.

Various shapes pulmonary heart failure.

Aneurysms blood vessels.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia, vascular crises, cardialgia.

Heart failure.

Circulatory failure.

Vascular aneurysms, including aortic aneurysm.

Thrombosis, thromboembolism.

Varicose veins veins and others.

JSC "Family Doctor" provides advisory, therapeutic and diagnostic assistance for diseases of the heart and blood vessels. A timely visit to a doctor will help to diagnose the pathology in time, the treatment provided will help reduce dependence on medications and improve the quality of life. If necessary surgical care cardiac patients are sent to the hospital center of JSC “Family Doctor” or other specialized institutions.

When to see a cardiologist

In most cases, a general practitioner refers you to a cardiologist for consultation.

It is advisable to make an appointment with a cardiologist yourself if you have the following symptoms:

any pain in the heart area: stabbing, piercing, pulling, squeezing, short-term and long-term, localized behind the sternum or radiating to the shoulder blade, neck, teeth or arm;

sensations of lack of air, attacks of weakness, lightheadedness and dizziness;

interruptions in heart function;

rare pulse (less than 50 beats per minute);

three times recorded high or low arterial pressure;

attacks of palpitations not associated with emotional and physical stress;

headaches and heaviness in the back of the head, a feeling of pressure on the eyes, intensifying towards the end of the day;

swelling of the legs, abdomen, sudden weight gain;

shortness of breath, inadequate physical activity or not related to it;

presence of diabetes mellitus, rheumatism, increased level cholesterol and HDL according to the results of a biochemical blood test.

Clinics of JSC "Family Doctor" are equipped with the latest cardiological equipment, which allows diagnosing heart and vascular diseases in the early stages of their development, when the treatment is most effective.

Special methods for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases

Stress (load) tests allow you to assess the reserve capabilities of the heart and detect pathology that manifests itself during exercise: bicycle ergometry and providing exercise using a treadmill.

To diagnose sleep apnea syndrome and assess the risk of sudden coronary death polysomnography and cardiorespiratory monitoring are used during sleep.

Allows you to diagnose angina, heart attack, heart defects and other diseases. Ultrasound of the heart and blood vessels, supplemented by Doppler examination, allows the doctor to evaluate the position of the myocardium, the walls of blood vessels and the functioning of the heart valves, and to hear the sound they make during the movement of blood. Angiography and coronary angiography are used to detect vascular diseases. If more is needed full information, can be assigned CT scan(CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

What treatment methods are used in cardiology

In their practice, cardiologists mainly use conservative (therapeutic) treatment methods. Most heart diseases require restriction of physical activity to reduce the load on the diseased organ. However, prolonged physical inactivity leads to deterioration of the heart muscle. Having objectively assessed the capabilities of the heart, the doctor draws up an individual therapy program, including compliance with a certain regime of physical and mental stress.

Treatment uses drug therapy, physiotherapy, including physical therapy and psychological training that increases resistance to stress. If necessary surgical intervention the cardiologist refers the patient to the hospital, to a cardiac surgeon or endovascular surgeon.

An important role in the treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases is played by their rehabilitation after a myocardial infarction. Individual program rehabilitation plan is compiled taking into account the nature of the underlying disease, the patient’s age and his condition. The goal is to restore health, increase the capabilities of the cardiovascular system, optimize drug therapy, reducing the risk of recurrent heart attack, physical and psychological adaptation of the patient to his condition, improving quality of life and returning to work.

Timely consultation with a cardiologist will help improve your health and sometimes even save your life. We should not forget about this, especially for residents of Moscow, where finding cardiology services is not difficult. Take care of yourself - make an appointment with a cardiologist right now.

By the nature of his activity, he is engaged in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. He is developing preventive methods, and also conducts rehabilitation measures in order to restore the health of people who have suffered acute heart disease.

What does a cardiologist treat?

The following diseases fall under the doctor’s competence:

• Hypertension. A condition leading to increased blood pressure in the vessels.
• Heart failure. It is expressed in the weak ability of the heart muscle to contract, due to which the tissues surrounding it do not receive enough oxygen.
• Coronary heart disease (CHD)- oxygen starvation of the heart muscle.
• Angina pectoris. Pain occurs due to oxygen deficiency and spasm of blood vessels. Chronic form IBS.
• Cardiomyopathy. A disease in which the heart muscle becomes sluggish and weakened.
• Heart defects, acquired or congenital(stenosis mitral valve, septal defect).
• Inflammatory processes(carditis) in one of the areas of the heart muscle (endocarditis, myocarditis).
• Arrhythmias. Failure of rhythms and heart rate.
• Heart attack, pre-infarction condition. Acute form IHD, as a result of which cell death occurs in the affected area of ​​the myocardium.
• Aortic aneurysm- thinning of the vessel wall, which can result in vessel rupture and bleeding.
• Thrombosis, thrombophlebitis.
• Atherosclerosis.

When to go to the doctor?

Diseases of the cardiovascular system do not forgive delay, so if suspicious symptoms occur, you should visit a doctor immediately. Warning signs can be:

• pain radiating to and behind the sternum, to the shoulder blade, arm, shoulder, and jaw, but most often in the heart area (depending on whether symptoms occur during physical activity or at rest, a different diagnosis may be made);
• too fast (> 105 beats per minute) or very slow (< 50) пульс;
• shortness of breath and cough when lying down;
• persistent increase in blood pressure numbers greater than 140/90;
• swelling in the legs;
• heart rhythm disturbances.

There are also other factors:

• overweight, cholesterol levels are too high;
• fainting, dizziness;
• frequent headaches;
• fast fatiguability;
• age after 40 years.

Cardiologist appointment

What does a doctor do during an appointment at a clinic? If this is the first visit, the doctor will listen to existing complaints and look medical card patient, learns about the patient’s lifestyle, and finds out hereditary predispositions.

Then the cardiologist conducts an examination using palpation (palpation), auscultation (listening to sounds with a phonendoscope), and percussion (tapping method). In addition, it measures weight, height, determines the body mass index, and makes a conclusion about the tendency to obesity. Measures pulse and blood pressure. Refers for additional examination if necessary.

What examinations may be needed?

• clinical and biochemical analysis blood;
• general urine analysis;
• x-ray chest;
• ECG (electrocardiogram);
• ECG with exercise (bicycle ergometer, treadmill test);
• ECHO-CG (echocardiography);
• coagulogram;
• spirometry;
• coronary angiography;
• blood test for lipid spectrum;
• scintigraphy;
• computed tomography, MRI;
• peripheral vascular Doppler;
• daily blood pressure monitoring;
• Holter ECG monitoring (during the day).

Some people are puzzled why there is such a separate specialty as cardiologist. The answer is simple: because rheumatism is a disease connective tissue inflammatory nature, main pathological process which develops in the membranes of the heart.

The fact is that rheumatic fever occurs in most cases against the background of infection with streptococcus. And its antigenic structure is similar to heart tissue, so rheumatism leads not only to joint damage, but also to heart disease. In view of the above, it is advisable for this group of diseases to be treated by the same specialist.

Pediatric cardiologist-

As for pediatric cardiology, they deal with heart problems from birth to 18 years of age. Childhood diseases can be divided into congenital and acquired. For example, heart disease develops at a very early stage - at the beginning of pregnancy and it can only be cured during the newborn period: the first months, or even weeks of life.

Children's provides diagnostics and treatment of joints and connective tissue diseases: arthrosis, arthritis, collagenosis.

When should I show my baby to the doctor?

Be sure to make an appointment with a cardiologist if you have small child the following symptoms are observed:

• too rapid heartbeat (in infants the norm is about 130 beats per minute, in children after one year - from 80 to 120);
• appears after feeding blue triangle in the area of ​​the nose and lips;
• gets tired quickly while feeding;
• fainting;
• joints swell.

When to go to the doctor with a preschool child?

In children aged 3 to 9 years, heart disease is most often associated with complications after suffering from streptococcal sore throat or acute respiratory viral infection. Call your doctor for help if your child:

• complains of tingling in the heart;
• feels short of breath and has shortness of breath;
• has difficulty with physical activity;
• acceleration or deceleration of heart rhythms are observed;
• chronic form of tonsillitis;
• fainting and pre-fainting state;
• there is swelling of the joints.

When to see a cardiologist?

IN adolescence A pediatric cardiologist primarily treats patients who complain of pain in the sternum, which is often associated with rapid growth and changes characteristic of puberty. Take your teenager to a cardiologist if he:

• is seriously involved in any sport;
• cannot withstand standard loads during physical education lessons;
• moves little (sits a lot at the computer, TV, textbooks);
• complains of pain in the left hypochondrium or in the joints;
• goes through puberty faster than peers.

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Make an appointment with a cardiologist would not hurt many, since cardiovascular diseases are very common among the population of our country and significantly affect the quality and life expectancy. Preventing a disease is easier than treating it, so consultation a good cardiologist- guarantee that pathological changes will be identified on early stage And serious complications can be avoided.

Complaints from cardiac patients

At an appointment with a cardiologist it all starts with discussing complaints. The main group consists of shortness of breath, chest pain, interruptions in heart function, frequent and palpitations, swelling in the legs, cough. Patients suffering from dizziness and headaches in the back of the head, tinnitus, flashing “spots” before the eyes, patients with weakness, dizziness, patients with chest pain, etc.

Good cardiologist will discuss complaints with you in detail: if this pain syndrome, then what kind of pain is in nature (stabbing, pressing, squeezing, burning) and where it is localized. All complaints relate to such characteristics as duration, circumstances of occurrence ( physical activity, emotional stress, at rest) and cessation (on your own or with the help of medications), how often do they bother you. It is advisable that you be prepared in advance for such questions and think through your answers, remember your feelings, and find the names of the medications you took.

These complaints do not necessarily indicate problems in cardiovascular system: chest pain may occur due to osteochondrosis in thoracic region spine or with pleurisy, palpitations - due to increased function thyroid gland. This is why it is important to find in Moscow such cardiologist, who is not limited by the narrow framework of his specialization, but thinks more broadly in order to suspect the pathology of organs other than the heart.

The importance of medical history for a cardiologist

At an appointment with a cardiologist It is important to collect two anamnesis: illness and life. In the history of the disease, it is important to find out the following points:

• How did the disease begin?
• How the symptoms changed over time.
• How often do exacerbations occur and under what conditions (during heavy physical activity, under stress, while drinking alcohol)
• Have you previously undergone examination and treatment and what are its results?

When collecting a life history, pay attention to heredity, previously past illnesses, acute rheumatic fever and streptococcal infections are especially important. In addition, it is important to find out the patient’s lifestyle and diet, the presence bad habits, professional history.

Examination and diagnosis at an appointment with a cardiologist

When examining a patient, pays attention to color skin, presence of edema. The area of ​​the heart is palpated and tapped (this is how the boundaries of the heart are determined). Further one of the most important points– auscultation. With its help, the sonority of tones, the correctness of the rhythm are determined, and heart murmurs are detected. Then the doctor determines the pulse, not only in the hands, but also measures blood pressure. Good cardiologist knows and always warns the patient that before this procedure you need to rest for at least 5 minutes, and 2 hours before it - not to smoke or drink coffee.

After examination, the doctor prescribes necessary examinations: biochemical blood test, blood sugar test, ECG, Holter monitoring, cardiac ultrasound, stress tests, chest x-ray. When the results become known, we can talk about the diagnosis and treatment regimen.

Do not delay your appointment if you suspect heart problems. hearts, hypertonic disease, diabetes significantly younger, because the sooner doctors can diagnose them, the greater the chance of a good prognosis. In our medical center in Moscow accepts cardiologist Georgy Karapetovich Antanyan is a highly qualified doctor with extensive experience. At our clinic you can undergo an examination, and at an appointment with a cardiologist get individual plan treatment and recommendations regarding diet and lifestyle.

LLC "Heart Surgery Center" 454047 Chelyabinsk Tsvetochny tupik, 2A

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The material “Operation “labyrinth” for atrial fibrillation” has been added to the section “Heart operations” on the main page of the site.

The material “Complex forms of valve-preserving correction of valvular heart defects” has been added to the “Heart Surgeries” section of the site’s main page.

Consultations, diagnostics, outpatient treatment

• Outpatient, polyclinic and laboratory services (list and cost)

What should you take with you to your cardiologist appointment?

Note!

Assessment of health status and disease progression in dynamics (dynamic assessment) is of enduring importance in the process of making a diagnosis, determining the prognosis of the disease and determining the effectiveness of treatment. Dynamic assessment is a methodological tool that is underestimated by both specialists and patients. Doctors are often forced not to use it due to the difficulty of obtaining information from the patient. In practice, we constantly encounter cases where a patient suffering long time cardiac disease, neglects the results of clinical and paraclinical examinations carried out in the past, does not save the results of previous examinations. Such patients believe that once again they will bring some kind of device to him and give a comprehensive conclusion. Unfortunately, this is not the case at all. Research becomes incomparably deeper and more meaningful if it is carried out with a dynamic assessment.

Based on the above, we ask you when visiting a cardiologist if possible bring with you:

— results of past consultations

— extracts from hospitals of previous years

— previously taken electrocardiograms and protocols for their description

— cardiac ultrasound protocols

— x-rays chest

— visual data (computer disks) CT and MRI

— results of coronary angiography and other studies coronary arteries

— results of previously performed analyzes

- others medical documents

- ID card for concluding a contract

If you have not found the documents previously received during your examination, then their absence, of course, is not an obstacle to the consultation. However, please make an effort to preserve newly received protocols, conclusions, etc. and take them with you to your next consultation, whenever and wherever it happens. This will definitely be beneficial in the future. The above does not apply to subjects coming to see a cardiologist for the first time.

In addition, if your consultation is paid for by an insurance company based on a VHI policy (voluntary health insurance), you must bring with you:

— VHI insurance policy

During the consultation NOT NECESSARY bring the MHIF policy (compulsory health insurance fund), pension documents and all kinds of directions from public health authorities.