Antibiotics at pneumonia (lung inflammation) in adults and children, what to take? Antibiotics with pneumonia in adults - the design of drugs in various forms of the disease

Antibiotics with lung inflammation - the basis of pathogenetic therapy. These drugs act directly on the causative agent of the disease, contribute to its destruction, remove inflammatory process.

When inflammation of light antibiotics are used for a long time, for 10-20 days. In some cases, drugs are changed in the treatment process, replacing them with newer and possessing an expanded spectrum of action. Without antibiotics, pneumonia is not treated! So, what antibiotics are used when inflammation of the lungs? What are the differences of one drugs from others? What is the reception mode antimicrobial means?

Indications for destination antibiotics

Treatment of pneumonia with antibiotics is carried out in all cases where the disease is caused by bacterial microflora. For viruses and fungal flora drugs intended to fight bacteria do not affect. The fight against fungal inflammations is carried out by applying antimicotics with antifungal activity (fluconazole). For the treatment of pneumonia of viral origin, specialists use parenteral antiviral tools - Kercide, Virulex.

It is worth noting that antibacterial therapy is prescribed not only to patients having bright clinical manifestations Diseases. With erased flow of inflammation of lungs, antibiotic treatment is also shown. Erased and hidden forms can be treated with preparations in tablets. Treatment is often carried out outpatient, without hospitalization. With bitter or severe focal patient processes, it is better to hospitalize and start using parenteral forms antibacterial agents.

Antibacterial drug selection methods

The principles of antibacterial therapy of pneumonia do not change from the forties of the twentieth century, when antimicrobial means were developed. Antibiotics at pneumonia in adult patients are prescribed immediately after diagnosis. It is impossible to wait for the results of the microbiological study of sputum on the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics, since during the waiting time the process can spread to healthy tissues. Patients are assigned empirical antibacterial therapy - drugs are selected by a doctor at random, on the basis of their own experience and most common in pneumonia microflora.

Note: not always patients are treated with new drugs. The concept of novelty and efficiency for antimicrobial means is very relative. The causative agent of the disease may be insensitive to newest medicinesHowever, respond to treatment with outdated and theoretically ineploy means of combating infection. Therefore, with empirical impositions of therapy, preference is given not to new drugs, but by drugs with the widest possible range of action. Most often, amoxiclav, cefotaxim is prescribed as the first drug, or tetracycline treatment is prescribed.

When conducting empirical therapy, it is important to monitor the timing of the use of a particular therapeutic scheme. Antibiotics with pneumonia should lead to the weakening of the symptoms of the disease already by 5-6 days of treatment. Otherwise, the means is considered ineffective, it is changed and prescribed a patient a sputum analysis on sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs. After receiving the results of the analysis, the doctor picks up injections that will unambiguously affect the pathogen.

Antibiotic therapy for pneumonia is carried out for at least 10 days. When using an empirical scheme, the patient can simultaneously receive 2-3 types of preparations belonging to different groups. If the sensitivity of microflora to chemotherapeutic agents was determined, 1 drug is used. The use of polyterapics is impractical. If fungi or viruses are performed as the pathogen, the appropriate drugs fall into the treatment. Taking antibacterial drugs is necessary for the prevention of secondary infection.

Pharmacological groups of antibacterial agents used for pneumonia

Antibiotics with bronchitis and pneumonia can belong to almost all well-known groups of antimicrobial funds. However, most often patients have to receive funds included in the following list:

• Beta Lacmida;
• Aminoglycosides;
• Tetracyclines;
• Macrolides;

Preparations for the treatment of viral and fungal pneumoniums to the number of antibiotics are not treated in the format of this text.

Beta Lacmads

Beta Lacmads are a large group of antibacterial agents, which includes penicillins, cephalosporins, monobactams, carbopenmes. Common property All of these funds are the presence of a lactam ring in their chemical structure. Negative trait Beta lactamidov until recently was fast appearance Resistance to them in most bacterial strains.

The modern pharmacological industry has technologies for the production of beta lactamase inhibitors - substances capable of blocking microflora protective mechanisms (clavulanic acid, tazobactam, sulbactam sodium). Without antibiotics, they are useless, however complex drugs Beta lactamase inhibitors significantly increase the effectiveness of the drug substance.

Prevention of pneumonia in adults, as well as the treatment of already developed inflammatory processes are produced using next drugs Beta Lactam Group:

1. Amoxicillin is a semi-synthetic substance destroyed by beta lactamases. Pneumonia is used in tablets of 0.5 grams for adults and 0.25 grams for children. Multiplicity of reception - three times a day. Today, amoxicillin is considered ineffective, since most bacteria strains are resistant to semi-synthetic penicillins.
2. Amoxiclav is a combination of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid. Highly active medicine, which is often used as a drug empirical choice in a bacterial lesion of the lungs in adults. With severe infections, the drug is prescribed at a dose of 1000 mg every 12 hours. The average and lightweight flow of pneumonia allows you to use amoxiclav 625 mg every 12 hours. For a newborn patient, amoxiclav is prescribed in the form of medicine, by ¼ teaspoon three times a day.
3. The cephalosporins of the third (cefotaxim, ceftriaxone) and the fourth (cefepim) generation are highly efficient drugs with an extremely wide range of action and resistance to beta lactamases of many bacteria. Using these funds, pneumonia is carried out in lying patients, treatment of primary and secondary lung inflammations. Ceftriaxone at pneumonia is prescribed at a dose of 1 gram of medication every 12 hours. Cephalosporins have a rather wide dosing spectrum, so if necessary, the dosage can be enlarged twice. It is allowed intramuscular and intravenous administration. For enteral reception, supraks were developed.

On a note: Supraks - Cephalosporin of the 3rd Generation. Active substance - cefexim. Shown in respiratory infections, humorcraft, gOOD SYSTEM. Suppresses prescribe 400 mg / day for a week.

In addition to the above-mentioned funds, it is possible to cure pneumonia and using other beta lactams: cefpir, cefmethazole, tazocin, carketecyllin and others. However, these drugs are less effective, so their application is limited. With severe inflammations of the leaving antibiotics of popular names, the process cannot be stopped. In such situations, antibiotics reserve are used in the category of beta-lactambles and the carbopenmes (TIENAM) subcategories (TIENS) or MONOBACTAMS (aztreon).

Aminoglycosides

Funds wide spectrum Actions capable of influencing aerobic and anaerobic flora. Used primarily as atypical pneumonia and severe course Its characteristic forms. Bacterial cells are associated with ribosoma receptors, which leads to the death of the latter. Have pronounced nephrotoxic and outlook.

The most vivid representatives of the group are:

1. Gentamicin is a bacteriostatic antibiotic used by parenterally. It is shown in severe pneumonia and lung abscesses. It is assigned to 0.4 mg / kg of weight, twice a day, intravenously or intramuscularly. During the neonatal period, it is practically no applied. Can be used in the diagnosis of "Mycoplasma pneumonia".
2. Amicacin - with inflammation of the lungs, 0.5 grams is prescribed twice a day. The route of administration is mainly intramuscular. It is unacceptable to introduce more than one and a half grams of the drug during the day. It is used in bacterial pneumonia and bronchitis.
3. Kanamycin - intramuscularly introduced, 0.5 grams every 12 hours, at the breeding of novocaina. Like the previous drug, Kanamycin is effective with bronchitis and inflammation of the lungs. The indication for its purpose is extremely severe bacterial processes, bronchopneumonia.

Deciding whether to treat inflammation should not forget that aminoglycosides are contraindicated at renal pathology and auditory nerve diseases.

Video

Video - Antibiotics at pneumonia

Tetracyclines

Press the synthesis of proteins of the bacterial cell, damaging its ribosomes. Capable to act on large viruses, some simplest (using tetracyclines mycoplasma pneumonia is treated), gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Tetracyclines are actively used when inflammation of the lungs.

1. Tetracycline - 0.25 grams three times a day. The course of therapy is shortened relative to the preparation as the above-described amoxiclav or amoxicillin, and is 5 days.
2. Doxycycline - dosage is 2-4 mg / kg, 1 time per day, for 10 days. It is recommended to apply together with antifungal drugs With bronchitis, pneumonia and other infections requiring the use of high doses of the antibiotic.
3. Metaciklina hydrochloride - is assigned to 0.3 grams for two receptions per day. Course - 10 days. Produced in capsules, convenient for reception.

Tetracycline - good drug. However, from his reception should refuse to people with renal and hepatic pathologyleukopenia. Also, the remedy is not prescribed to pregnant women and children under 8 years old.

Macrolids

A distinctive feature of macrolides used to treat pneumonia in adults is their accumulative effect. Preparations accumulate in the blood, long-term maintenance of the therapeutic concentration. This allows you to reduce the multiplicity of drug intake up to 1-2 times per day. This mode is most convenient if the inflammation of the lungs at home is carried out.

For inflammatory lesion Easy antibiotics of the group under consideration may be as follows:

1. Erythromycin is one of the first drugs of the group of macrolides. To cure suffering inflammatory pathology Patients are prescribed by 0.5 grams every 12 hours. The course of therapy is 10 days. The drug is considered obsolete and ineffective. Therefore, its use is justified only in relation to uncomplicated diseases.
2. Azithromycin is a macrolide related to the azalide subgroup. Azithromycin with pneumonia and bronchitis are prescribed by 0.5 grams 1 time per day for the first reception, then a 0.25 grams for reception in the same mode. Therapy is carried out by a seventeenth course.
3. Oleandomycin - before treating the disease by this drug, you should be convinced of the absence of an allergy from the patient. The tool often causes the reaction of hypersensitivity. If there are allergies in the past, oleandomycin should be replaced by amoxiclav, amoxicillin or one of the representatives of the cephalosporins of the 3rd generation. The drug is prescribed at 0.25 grams every 6 hours for 10 days.

There are cases when even heavy pneumonia was cured by macrolides. However, the drugs of this category are not scary. In addition, macrolides are not used in damage to hepatic parenchyma, pregnancy, lactation, kidney disease.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of antibacterial agents

About how much effective course Therapy was appointed by the attending physician, one can judge after 72 hours from the start of treatment. At the same time, the patient should have no symptoms of explicitly pronounced intoxication, the body temperature should not go beyond the limits of subfebrile indicators, and the respiratory frequency should be held in the range of 18-20 times per minute. Increased figures of CDD and temperature show low efficiency of prescribed treatment.

If in the process of monitoring the state, it was revealed that the drug that broke the patient with a diagnosis of "inflammation of an VDP" or "lung inflammation" with bronchitis, does not have the expected action, pharmacological therapy changes or add to the already used respiratory fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin not provided toxic action And rarely causing allergies). The optimal selection of injections allows you to quickly improve the patient's condition.

On a note: The antibiotic therapy used is unable to immediately change the existing X-ray picture. Therefore, it is unacceptable to use snapshots to assess the effectiveness of treatment in the short term. X-ray is shown for 8-10 days of treatment .

Pneumonia is a heavy pathological process, in which the volumetric treatment plan is shown. In order to destroy the pathogenic flora, preparations 3 and 4 generations are used, capable of influencing a large number of pathogens. For example, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, oleandomycin. It should be remembered that the treatment of bacterial pneumonia without antibiotics is not produced. With pulmonary pathology and bronchitis, drugs of this group are assigned. All reasoning on whether it is possible to treat pneumonia by applying extremely folk remedies, are dangerous and may entail serious consequences.

If you have found a mistake, please select the text fragment and click Ctrl + Enter.. We will fix the error, and you will get + to karma 🙂

- This is a serious illness that has viral, bacterial or fungal etiology. It is possible to prescribe antibiotics with pneumonia only if the bacterial nature of the inflammatory process is proved. In all other cases, these drugs are not only not effective, but can also be dangerous to human health and life. In particular, under the candidial forms of lesion of pulmonary fabric, the risk of developing the generalized form of the separation of the alveoli with exit beyond the segmental share when using drugs from the aminoglycoside group is used. These structural substances have a stimulating impact on most species of fungus.

With viral pneumonia, antibiotics can be used in limited quantity In order to prevent the attachment of the secondary pathogenic flora in the field of weakened alveolar tissue against the background of a decrease in the level of protective forces of the body.

In case of bacterial inflammation of the lungs, antibiotics are prescribed in strict accordance with the analysis of sputum on the determination of the sensitivity of microorganisms. Usually sowing sputum is carried out immediately after establishing a preliminary diagnosis. In the course of its implementation, it is important to eliminate the presence of a tuberculous stick. This pathogen of tuberculosis is not only sustainable to most types of standard antibacterial agents, but also has a certain degree of triple to them. This means that against the background of standard antibacterial therapy, the rapid forms of the propagation of tuberculous infection on the pulmonary fabric and the entire organism of the person may develop.

The choice of antibiotic with pneumonia in adults depends on what causer a disease is provoked. Prior to the determination of the causative agent and its sensitivity to antibacterial therapy, preparations are prescribed with a wide range of action. These may be cephalosporins (cefakaxim, cefospham, clafran, maxi, keticeph, fortoofef, cefapancerone, sulbactam, rozzin, etc.), penicillins on a semi-synthetic basis of clawed acid (ampiox, Flexing Salute, Tazobactam, Augmentin, Amoxiclav, Oxacillin, Oxep and DR .). No less efficiency in relation different groups Bacterial flora has macrolide antibacterial drugs. Among the most frequently appointed antibiotics with inflammation of the lungs in adults from this pharmacological group, clarithromycin, azithromycin, macropn, Sumamed, azistral, Clacian are used. The remaining antibiotics at pneumonia in adults are prescribed only after sowing sputum and determining the sensitivity of pathogenic microflora.

What antibiotics are allowed for pneumonia in children?

Antibiotics for pneumonia in children are appointed taking into account age, body weight and gravity of the state of the kid. We can only give an exemplary dosage of antibacterial drugs. The individual calculation of the daily and one-time dose should produce a attending physician based on clinical data.

On the initial stages inflammation of light antibiotics in children are used mainly in the form intramuscular injections. IN heavy cases Treatment begins with intravenous administration of the antibacterial drug. Benzylпenicillin sodium and potassium salt is widely used. For children aged from 1 month and up to 10 years, the dosage is calculated based on the weight. To obtain a daily dosage, you must multiply the amount of total weight kilograms by 50 thousand units of action. For heavy forms Lung inflammation daily dosage Increases 2 times. One-time dose is 1/4 of a part of the daily amount of antibiotic. Introduction is carried out intramuscularly every 6 hours.

The second season of choice complete Pneumonia Children are amoxicillin. It can be replaced in similar dosages oxacillin. With light shapes, it is used to receive inside in the form of tablets, suspension or powder. With a severe course of the disease in the hospital, deep intramuscularly introduced every 4 hours. After 5 days of injection are replaced by oral intake. The daily dosage for children aged from birth and up to 7 years is calculated by multiplying the amount of body weight of the body by 30 mg. It is allowed to increase the resulting calculation of daily dosage by 2 times.

Intramuscularly and intravenously can be assigned to ampicillin and sulbactam in the daily dosage, which is 50 mg per full kilogram of the baby weight. The daily dosage can be divided into 3 or 4 administration within 24 hours.

In the absence of a visible effect, within 48 hours after the start of treatment, the antibiotic in pneumonia in children are replaced with the combined types of antibacterial therapy with supplement with sulfanilaminamide preparations. Also, a physician may be decided to use cephalosporine preparations. Most often, an antibiotic cefazoline is used as a preparation of the first choice for pneumonia in children. It is introduced intravenously and intramuscularly 2 times a day. A single dosage is 25 mg for each complete kilogram of the child's weight. For oral administration in outpatient conditions It can be replaced with cefuroxime. Its daily dosage is 30 mg per kilogram of body weight.

Carbapenes, macrolides and aminoglycosides as antibiotics with pneumonia in children are rarely used. This is due to the fact that the inflammation of the lungs in young children is most often due to the infection of the pneumococcal flora. With regard to the aminoglycosides pneumococcus, macropens and carbapenes have low activity.

Do not independently determine which antibiotics for pneumonia in children will be most effective. Only the attending physician can make such conclusions, which relies on the data obtained during the sowing of sputum to determine the sensitivity to antibacterial drugs. In decoding analysis, pharmacological groups will be indicated, among the preparations of which a pediatrician usually chooses a tool that has a minimal set. side effects and contraindications. Also for the appointment of an antibiotic with pneumonia, children are important to take into account the presence of chronic diseases, the severity of the state of the baby, its tendency to the manifestation of allergic reactions.

What antibiotics when inflammation of the lungs can be combined?

IN lately The combined etiology of pneumonia is most often diagnosed. This applies to both adults and children. An increase in the number of diagnosed cases increases during periods of mass colds and flu flashes. Against the background of viral damage to the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract and the weakening of immunity occurs when the bacterial pathogenic microflora occurs. Thus, during the coition of adverse provocative factors, prerequisites for development are formed mixed form viral-bacterial pneumonia.

In this case, no antibiotics when inflammation of the lungs cannot give a fairly strong positive effect without increasing their action with antiviral drugs. Arbidol, acyclovir, amiquin, gammaglobulins, kagole and others can be appointed.

Another variant of the combination of antibiotics with inflammation of the lungs is an increase in pathogenic effects on bacteria by connecting sulfonamide drugs. Sulfalen, co-trimoxazole, bispetol, metronidazole or trichopol can be used. Especially relevant such combination in the presence of suspicion on the attachment of the simplest pathogenic microflora in the form of a blue rod, pneumocyst, mycoplasm.

It is possible to honor antibiotics when inflammation of the lungs with the choice of drugs from adjacent and opposite pharmacological groups. Thus, the combination of semi-synthetic penicillins and fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins and macropanes, monobactims and tetracycline has efficacy.

Treatment of lung inflammation: antibiotics against pneumococci

The treatment of inflammation of the lungs by antibiotics should always begin with the definition of the strain of pathogenic microflora. In this case, it is possible to choose a drug that will quickly eliminate the cause of the disease and cause the smallest damage to the useful intestinal microfloor.

About 60% clinical cases Pneumonia is caused by pneumococcus. In this case, the answer to the question of which antibiotics to drink with pneumonia is standard enough. Excellent efficacy against streptococcal pneumococci have betalatamic preparations, penicillins, amoxicillin and ampicillin. In the absence of effectiveness within 72 hours, it is replaced by drugs from a macrolide or cephalosporine series.

Recently, such antibiotics as Midekamycin, Spiramycin, Roxitromycin and Josamamicine are often effective. Approximately 70% of patients noted the absence of resistance of pneumococci to the effects of erythromycin. However, the dosage of this drug should be calculated taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient, since the active ingredient can have side effect On condition renal system and liver.

When hemophilic chopstick is isolated, the choice of antibmotics in pneumonia is carried out between the amnose-shaped penicillins (ampicillin, ampiox, amuxicillin) and fluoroquinolones. The remaining drugs in this form of inflammation of the lungs do not have clinically proven high efficiency.

How to make antibiotics injections at pneumonia?

Choose effective antibiotics At pneumonia, the doctor will help you. The specialist also recommends the daily and one-time dosage. You need to know that the course of treatment with antibiotics at pneumonia cannot last less than 10 days. There is a certain rule, according to which the abolition of antibacterial therapy is carried out 72 hours after achieving a steady decrease in the patient's body temperature to normal physiological indicators.

And now let's talk about how to make antibiotic injections at pneumonia. There are a number of standards. First of all, you should know that those dosage forms that are produced in the form of powder in bottles can only be directly before injection. It is unacceptable to simultaneously breed an antibiotic for the formulation of injections during all day.

Before stageing the first injection should be made of skin sample. For this, on internal surface The forearm is scratched with a sterile needle for injection. A finished antibiotic solution is dripped on the wound surface. After that, you should wait for the reaction for 15 minutes. If redness began, and itching, it is impossible to make an antibiotic injection in pneumonia.

The drug should be replaced with its analog, which does not cause an allergic reaction. If this rule is not compliance, you risk calling anaphylactic shockin which in the absence of timely rendered medical care May occur the patient's death.

For each injection, a disposable syringe is used. It is necessary to follow the rules of antiseptic processing. After antibiotics injections often remain painful infiltrates. You can use iodine mesh to accelerate their absorption.

To breed antibiotics, saline, water for injection, novocaine and lidocaine can be used. Usually for 1 million units or 1 grams of powder, 1 ml of liquid is taken.

Pneumonia is a group of diseases of light infectious nature, which are characterized by inflammatory changes in alveoli and intermediate tissue.

Select primary and secondary pneumonia. The first group includes pneumonia that arise from relatively healthy people Due to the supercooling and other adverse factors.

Secondary pneumonia develop on the background of other pathologies (chronic diseases, toxic effects, radiation defeat, etc.).

What can cause pneumonia?

The predisposing factors for the development of this disease are:

• supercooling;
• bad working conditions and life;
• chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract;
• intoxication;
• traumatic damage, etc.

Symptoms and signs of illness are determined by many factors: the type of pathogen, prevalence pathological process, the presence of a concomitant unagning pathology.

Signs of pneumonia in adult, photo

The main complaints that are concerned with the patient:

1. Breast pain. Pain sensations can be deep and superficial. Intercostal neuralgia is usually becoming the cause of surface pain. Such pain is intensified on the breath and when tickling the chest.

Deep pain caused by inflammation of the diaphragmal nerves. This pain is very intense and gives to the abdomen area.

2. MOCROT. In the first days of separated may not be. In the future, the sputum appears: purulent, with blood impurity, foaming and other, depending on the type of pathogen and the prevalence of defeat.

Motica with a grinding smell may indicate a gangrene or lung abscess.

3. cough. At the beginning of the disease, cough dry, painful and permanent. With the advent of sputum, he gradually disappears.

4. Dyshuge - This is a feeling of man that he lacks air for breathing. Appears after coughing bouts or due to owl syndrome With breathing.

In addition, the patient is disturbed by the symptoms of general intoxication: temperature rise, headaches, loss of appetite and others. People of the elderly and persons with a weak immunity can be observed acknowledging consciousness against the background of the disease.

Methods Treating pneumonia - hospital and antibiotics?

Treatment of pneumonia, in most cases, is carried out in the hospital. This is especially important for patients with severe forms of disease, increasing intoxication and signs of respiratory and heart failure.

Therapy of the disease is complex and includes:

• Bed regime and diet. During the fever, the patient prescribes bed and drinking regime, as well as a mechanically and thermally gentle diet.
• Treatment of pneumonia antibiotics. Antibacterial therapy should begin as soon as possible and undergo bacteriological control.

This means that before the treatment of pneumonia, adults need to take a sputum on sowing to determine the view and sensitivity of the causative agent.

The use of musolithics and antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonia

Therapy itself begins before the sowing result and its effectiveness is assessed by clinically after 3-4 days. If during this time the antibiotic did not show his effect, change it to the drug of another group, taking into account these sowing.

In most cases, antibiotics are used from a group of penicillins and sulfonamides. A specific drug chooses a doctor who treats the patient.

• If the cause of pneumonia has become viruses, then antiviral agents are prescribed in combination with drugs stimulating immunity.
• When candidial pneumonia, antimicotic drugs are shown (nastatin, levels, etc.).
• To improve the purification of the bronchi, flucolyts (ADCs) and expectorant means (thermopsis, alta, etc.) are used.
• With a painful cough, anti-shield preparations are used (codeine).
• If allergic edema develops under the action of bacterial toxins, apply antihistamines or hormones.
• Physical examination (massage, ozokerite, UHF, etc.) and respiratory gymnastics.

Important! The elderly often develops stagnant pneumonia due to a long stay in bed. Treatment of pneumonia of this type in the elderly includes healing gymnastics in bed, breathing exercises and special massage. All these procedures are selected by a specialist and are performed under its control.

Pneumonia treatment at home can be carried out with uncomplicated focal form, provided that the patient will comply with all requirements for regime, diet and reception of drugs.

At home, the patient is distinguished separate room, dishes and underwear. Regularly ventilate the room and conduct wet cleaning. The mode in the first days of the disease bed, then go to the semi-respective and home.

Food consists of a variety of dishes rich in vitamins and microelements. During the fever, acidified drinks, frost, compotes and mineral water are recommended. With pronounced intoxication in the first days, the patient can feed on broths, compats and vegetables.

Selection of treatment regimens conducts a doctor who is observing the patient. Thus, the standard treatment diagram includes:

• antibiotics, taking into account the intended pathogen;
• antipyretic and anti-inflammatory;
• expectorant;
• with pain - painkillers;
• mukolithics and expectorant.

Folk Medicine offers various tinctures and decractions that will help bring the wet from the lungs and strengthen the immune defense. For these purposes, use: alta, thermopsis, aloe, ginseng and other herbs.

• Read more:

IN recovery period Prescribed physiotics and massages to improve the blood supply to the lungs and activate respiratory processes.

The choice of drugs and the method of treating pneumonia is determined by the patient's condition and the severity of this pathology. Uncomplicated pneumonia can be tried to cure at home, but if necessary, you need to be ready to lie down in the hospital to avoid complications.

Modern medicine does not stand still and new effective drugs For treatment various diseases, including pneumonia. But despite this, every year the number of patients suffering from this dangerous disease is only increasing, and there are often fatal cases. The poor ecology, smalleriness, harmful working conditions, decline in immunity, constant mutation of dangerous pathogenic organisms and the emergence of new ones are promoted.

Pneumonia is inflammation of the lungs. Arises due to infection and it takes very hard. Her symptoms are:

• Dyspnea.
• Total weakness.
• Incixation of the body, accompanied by vomiting.
• High body temperature (above 38 degrees), which keeps several days.
• Cough with sputum or blood.
• Headache.

In order to correctly diagnose, it is necessary to pass the blood, a wet for laboratory studies, and to make an x-ray of the chest. If the diagnosis is delivered correctly, the doctor prescribes treatment with antibiotics. With pneumonia, this is the most faithful treatment tool. Antibiotics at pneumonia help eliminate the focus of inflammation.

The use of antimicrobial drugs is necessary to prevent the development of pathogenic organisms, bacteria, sticks, viruses and minimize the risk of developing complications. If you do not start the treatment in a timely manner, you can miss the time. Because of this, subsequent treatment can last for a very long time, and in some cases, the delay leads to a fatal outcome.

Types of antibiotics for the treatment of pneumonia

Appoints antibiotics when inflammation of the lungs, only a doctor based on the signs of a certain type of pneumonia (brunt, atypical, prikaneva, focal, aspiration).

The antibiotics of a wide range of actions used for pneumonia are the following types:

If the source of the infection is installed, the doctor prescribes such a drug to which sensitively identified microorganism. This is determined by the analysis of the brushed sputum, from which the growth of microorganisms was obtained, thus determined the sensitivity to certain antibacterial drugs.

Sometimes some antibiotics are replaced by others. This happens in the following cases:

• If within 72 hours after receiving antibacterial drugs, the improvement has not come.
• There were side effects, life-threatening, from receiving a particular drug.
• Some types of antibiotics can be too toxic for certain groups of people, such as pregnant women and children. In this case, the duration of reception of drugs is reduced or replaced by another.

How to act various types of antibiotics

Each type of antibiotic is struggling with a specific type of pneumonia pathogen.

• If the pathogens of pneumococci are detected, antibiotics are fighting with them very effectively penicillin row. In the occurrence of resistance or hypersensitivity to this type of preparation, cephalosporins or macrolides can be used.
• If pneumonia has been caused by chlamydia or mycoplasmas, treatment is carried out by macrolides, fluorochinol, as well as tetracycline antibiotics.
• Cefalosporins are fighting with an intestinal stick, and with legionldes - macrolides in combination with fluoroquinolas.

Methods of use of antibiotics

To treatment of pneumonia antibiotics has passed successfully, It is necessary to apply them correctly. Adult antibacterial drugs are injected differently: osually, intramuscularly, inhalation, intravenously.

Children breast-age For the treatment of pneumonia, antibiotics are introduced parenteral, bypassing the digestive system, otherwise there may be a detrimental effect on the microflora of the stomach and intestines. Antibacterial drugs Enter using injections or inhalations. The most important thing is that children under 6 months are treated in hospital under the clock observation of doctors.

Adults different antibiotics in pneumonia are injected differently:

If pneumonia proceeds in light or medium uniform without complications, the correctly selected antibacterial drug helps to fully cure from this disease in 10 days. Pneumonia caused by mycoplasmas, legionells or chlamydia is treated for about a month to complete recovery.

When antibiotics do not help with pneumonia

it happens for several reasons:

Principles of therapy

For the treatment of inflammation of the lungs, you must take antibiotics no less than seven days. After that, the chest control x-ray is made to eliminate the presence of a focus of infection in the lungs. If it is detected, repeat the course of treatment, but already another antibacterial drug. In some cases, consultation has a phthisiatra.

Inflammation of the lungs required must be treated in the hospital. Alone, and often incorrectly chosen antibiotics in many cases cause side effects, the patient's condition may deteriorate, the risk of developing complications and worsens the forecast of the cure of pneumonia.

The main danger that can be expected from of this ailment- Extremely severe physical condition and even death. That is why therapy should be timely. Mainly practiced the treatment of pneumonia with antibiotics.

How pneumonia develops. Classification

Most often, this disease occurs due to the pathogenic microflora in the respiratory tract: staphylococci, pneumococci, legionell, intestinal sticks and others. In this case, inflammatory processes are developing in the tissues of respiratory organs. Also, the inflammation of the lungs can also be provoked by viral infections, and some toxic substances, rarely pneumonia is a consequence of the injury of the chest. There is a group of risk in which smokers, people who abuse alcohol, patients, long in bed mode, as well as older ages. Depending on the type of pathogen, bacterial, viral, fungal and mixed pneumonia distinguish. If one's easy is hit, then they talk about one-sided inflammation. There may also be bilateral, total, equity, segmental pneumonia. Depending on epidemiological data, the disease is a non-hospital, non-hospital, atypical nature, as well as an immunodeficial state.

Basic symptoms of illness

One of the main symptoms in the development of inflammatory processes in the lungs is cough. Also, with breathing, characteristic pain can be felt, the breathrick appears. Especially sharply appear pain in deep breaths, cough. With pneumonia, a high body temperature is observed. However, not always inflammation of the lungs is accompanied by its increase. The patient feels weakness throughout the body, fatigue, decreases appetite, is nausea and even vomiting. Symptoms in older people and children appear especially difficult. All this suggests that to facilitate the state and in order to avoid the development of complications, it is necessary to start taking antibiotics at pneumonia. This disease has a feature: antibacterial drugs are prescribed immediately, without waiting for laboratory research. After receiving the results of the analysis of sputum treatment is adjusted.

Disease flow stage

Experts identify three severity of inflammation of respiratory organs. Easy stage It is characterized by slightly pronounced intoxication, the body temperature is within 38 ºС, the heartbeat is not accelerated. At the same time, a person retains clear consciousness. For x-ray study A small affected area is found. With a more severe degree, the temperature may increase to 39 ºС, intoxication is more expressed. Moderate tachycardia is observed, the sword appears. On the x-rays Infiltration pronounced pronounced. The hardest degree is characterized not only by high temperature (up to 40 ºС), but also clouding the reason. A person can wander, the sword occurs even in a calm state. At the same time, the intricensation of the body is pronounced.

Antibiotic with pneumonia in adults

This group of drugs is aimed at the destruction of pathogenic flora. First of all, the specialist must suppress acute symptoms Diseases. In this case, antibiotics are prescribed, which have a wide range of action.

The doctor then sends a sample of a mocry to the laboratory. The results obtained are influenced by further treatment. A concrete pathogen is established, which provoked a disease. The specialist chooses the necessary antibiotic with pneumonia in adults, the action of which will be directed to the destruction of this microorganism. A combination of drugs is often required, since the pathogens may be several. For competent selection of drugs use an antibioticogram.

Antibioticogram

This analysis helps to determine whether the patient's body is sensitive to a specific antibiotic. After all, the market is saturated with all sorts of drugs, and often bacteria are the resistance to one type of drugs, but are destroyed under the action of the other. For the study you need a sick spree. Influencing influence different drugs. During such an analysis, the most effective antibiotics are selected for pneumonia for a particular patient. They will suppress the growth of microorganisms. Weathequent drugs will not interfere with their development. The accuracy of this study is high. The only disadvantage is that it is necessary to wait a long time: they will be ready after 2-5 days.

Groups of antibiotics used in the treatment of pneumonia

The most often treatment of pneumonia antibiotics begins with the preparations of a wide range of action. These include penicillins, macrolides, tetracyclines, fluorochinols, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins.

Penicillins are one of the first antibacterial drugs. They are natural and semi-synthetic. Well penetrate into the fluid and tissue of the body. A number of unwanted phenomena are also called: diarrhea, hypersensitivity, allergic reactions. Treatment of pneumonia with antibiotics of this species effectively, if the pathogens are streptococci, staphylococci.

Tetracyclines are preparations that are used less often. The reason for this is the stability of microorganisms to their action. Also, the peculiarity of drugs lies in their ability to accumulate in bone tissues. At the same time, they can lead to the destruction of the teeth. Therefore, such antibiotics at pneumonia are not appointed pregnant women, women during breastfeeding period, children younger age, as well as patients who have kidney problems. Representatives of the drugs of the tetracycline group - "Doxycycline", "Tetracycline".

Cephalosporins group

There are 4 generations of this type of drugs. The first-generation drugs include "cefazolin", "cephalexin", etc. They actively act on the bacteria of the group of Cockkops (pneumococci, staphylococci). The second generation of drugs has good antibacterial properties in relation to both gram-positive and gram-negative flora. The half-resistance period is approximately 1 hour. Cephalosporins that belong to the third generation have an excellent effect on microorganisms that have resistance to the preparations of the penicillin group ("Cefotaxim", "Cefoperasazon"). Use them for the treatment of severe forms of infections. Cefepim is the name of antibiotics with fourth-generation pneumonia. They are most active. Among the adverse reactions after taking cephalosporins, the occurrence of allergy is most often distinguished. About 10% of patients note the presence of allergic reactions to these drugs.

Macrolids. Aminoglycosides

Macrolids are used to neutralize Cockkops, Legionella, Chlamydia. They are well absorbed inside the organism, but the meal slows down somewhat slows down this process. Allergic reactions are observed very rarely. Representatives of this category are such drugs as "erythromycin", "azithromycin", "Clarithromycin". The main area of \u200b\u200btheir application - infectious processes in respiratory tract. However, contraindications for receiving such drugs are violations in the liver.

Aminoglycosides - antibiotics at pneumonia, which actively affect aerobic gram-negative microorganisms. They also apply in cases where the disease is caused by not one type of bacteria, and therefore it is necessary to combine antibacterial drugs to achieve the desired result. Group representatives are preparations such as "gentamicin", "amikacin". The dosage is calculated depending on the mass of the patient's body, its age, the severity of the disease. When taking such drugs, control of glomerular filtration in the kidneys is required.

Hinol and Fluorokinol class

Drugs of this category are divided by 4 generations. Nephorated (this is the first generation) actively affect the legionells, intestinal wand. Somewhat less they affect chlamydia, Cockki. First generation preparations are used for light infections. The remaining quinols (from the second to the fourth generation) are fluorid. All medications are well distributed in the body. Displays from the body mainly by the kidneys. The main contraindications to the application is the period of having a child, increased sensitivity to the drug. In addition, it is undesirable to use affected drugs to patients who have violations in the work of the liver, kidneys. Fluorochinols do not prescribe children (up to 18 years). An exception can only be the absence of an alternative option. This class includes such drugs as "Ciprofloxacin", "Pofloxacin", "Levofloxacin". Intravenously introduces drug data only drip.

What are the rules for the appointment of antibacterial drugs

If pneumonia is diagnosed, which antibiotics take, solves only a specialist. After the start of use of drugs, they are replaced by others. Indications for this are serious side effects that may occur in treating certain drugs. Also, the replacement occurs in the event that the doctor does not observe the desired result (and changes in best side Must appear on the second or third day). Some antibiotics are pretty toxic. Therefore, their reception can not die for a long time. Basically, pneumonia treatment in adult antibiotics lasts 10 days. But more serious infections require a significantly larger period of time (about a month). The specialist should also take into account the overall condition of the patient, and the presence of certain accompanying and chronic diseases, the age of man. When appropriate antibacterial drugs, the possibility of creating a dose of drug in the blood is important, which will be sufficient precisely with this severity of the disease.

What forms apply antibiotics

Depending on the stage of the disease and the severity of its flows apply various methods Input drugs. Basically in the first days of the disease, drugs are injected with injections. Cephalosporins (antibiotics for pneumonia) injections are produced intravenously or intramuscularly. This is possible due to their low toxicity. A feature of the macrolides is that they accumulate and continue to act even when the reception of medicines stops. Light forms of the disease are treated in 10 days. In this case, antibiotics can be used with pneumonia in tablets. However, experts argue that oral form reception medicinal preparations It has not such high efficiency. This is explained by the fact that it is difficult to calculate the exact dosage. It is not recommended to change the drugs often, as this can develop the stability of microorganisms to antibiotics.

Features of the treatment of pneumonia in children

Especially dangerous inflammation of the lungs for young patients. There may be a disease even in kids. The main symptoms of pneumonia in small patients are wheezing, cough, difficult and frequent breathing, high temperature (which is pretty for a long time). It is worth paying attention to the behavior of the baby. He loses appetite, becomes sluggish, restless. The most important symptom of pneumonia in young children is the formation of a plot between lips and nose. As a rule, there is inflammation of the lungs as a complication after the transferred ORVI, and not as an independent disease. There are also congenital pneumonia (the pathogen - herpes virus, mycoplasma), infection can occur and directly during or after childbirth. In newborns, the respiratory tract is small, gas exchange is less intense. Therefore, the disease occurs harder.

Antibiotics and children

As with adults, the basis of therapy with inflammation of the lungs in kids is antibiotics. With pneumonia, children are entered by parenterally. This makes it possible to minimize the effects of drugs on the microflora digestive system. It is also possible to receive drugs in the form of injections or inhalations. The last method is most comfortable for young children. If the age of the child does not exceed 6 months, the treatment is carried out exclusively in the hospital, where the baby is under constant control of specialists. The course of therapy for children is 7 days in the case of taking drugs of the penicillin group, cephalosporins. If the doctor prescribed macrolides (this may be "azithromycin", "clarithromycin"), then the duration of treatment is reduced to 5 days. Antibiotics for pneumonia in children should show efficiency within 3 days. Otherwise, it is possible to replace the drug.

In no case cannot be engaged in self-medication. Even the best antibiotics at pneumonia, which helped one child, may be ineffective for another, and even dangerous. It is very important to strictly adhere to the graph of receiving medication. It is impossible to take it in parallel synthetic vitamins and other immunomodulatory funds. To prevent the occurrence of pneumonia, it is worth avoiding the undercooling of the body, in a timely manner to conduct therapy of colds and other infectious diseases. Do not forget about properly balanced nutrition.

Antibiotics for pneumonia - efficient and safe drugs

Inflammation of the lungs begins immediately with their chest pain when breathing, strong cough with wet, temperature increase. The disease urgently requires hospitalization. The patient is shown bedding, special vitaminating nutrition, and the main component of the therapeutic process is antibiotic treatment.

What is pneumonia

Inflammation of the lungs in the people are called pneumonia. This is an infection of the lower respiratory tract with incubation period from 2 to 10 days, in which they are involved pulmonary fabrics. Several types of disease are distinguished:

1. Atypical. Caused by chlamydia, legionells, mycoplasmas, that is, atypical microflora.
2. Aspiration. Arises from the fall of water, food or foreign objects in the respiratory tract.
3. Hospital. The disease develops during the patient in the hospital.
4. Complete. Arises as complications after transferred viral infection. Often is the cause of mortality due to a strong decrease in immunity.

New generation antibiotics help to avoid complications of pneumonia, in which abscess of the lungs, empya pleura, pneumothorax and others can develop serious diseases. The most serious consequence of lung inflammation is respiratory failure. Such pathology develops in patients with other chronic diseases or in elderly patients who do not receive adequate treatment antibiotics. Often, failure becomes the cause of death.

The nail fungus will no longer disturb you! Elena Malysheva tells how to defeat the fungus.

To lose weight is now available to every girl, Polina Gagarin tells about it \u003e\u003e\u003e

Elena Malysheva: tells how to lose weight without doing anything! Find out how \u003e\u003e\u003e

Antibiotics when inflammation of the lungs

Considering acute current Diseases, antibacterial preparations of a wide range of action are prescribed, without waiting for laboratory studies. Doctors distinguish three severity of lung inflammation. With the easiest stage, there is no intoxication of the body (weakly generated), the body temperature of the patient does not exceed 38 ° C, the heart beats in normal rhythm. Consciousness The patient retains clear, and with a radiographic study, a small focus of inflammation is visible, localized in the upper part of the lung.

At a severe stage, the body temperature of up to 39 ° C immediately increases, tachycardia is observed (moderate), intoxication, infiltration is pronounced on X-ray. The most severe degree of pneumonia (pleuropneumonium) is characterized by a body temperature of 40 ° C, a patient of ragged, suffer shortness, intoxication is pronounced pronounced. Antibiotics are prescribed at pneumonia, given the following factors:

• stage and gravity of the disease;
• drug toxicity;
• contraindications;
• possible manifestation of allergies;
• spectrum of antibiotic action;
• the speed of penetration into the body of the medicine;
• the rate of development of bacteria resistance to this drug.

Penicillins

The first antibacterial drugs that quickly penetrate the tissue and fluid, so they are used with stagnation of pneumonia. If the inflammation cavertient is staphylococci or streptococci, the treatment with drugs of this species is effective. When pathology occurs for a different reason, other antibiotics are prescribed. Penicillins are administered orally (tablets, suspensions) and through injections (injections). Penicillins include:

Tetracyclines

A group of drugs used in the treatment of pneumonia is less and less. The instability of them to the action of microorganisms and the ability to accumulate in the tissues of this reason. Tetracycles have many contraindications: pregnancy, lactation period, age up to 7 years, kidney disease. Famous representatives of this group of antibiotics:

Cephalosporins

Actively act on all bacteria of the Cockkk Group, have excellent antibacterial properties to gram-negative and gram-positive flora, affect microorganisms that are resistant to drugs of the penicillin group. Among the adverse reactions, the manifestation of allergies. Used intravenous or intramuscular method of drug administration. Antibiotics of this group include drugs:

Macrolids

This group of antibiotics at pneumonia is used to neutralize chlamydia, legionell, coccquit. Macrolids are well absorbed, but to slow down the process can be eating. Side Effects I. allergic manifestations They are extremely rare. Contraindications include liver disease in patients. Representatives of this category of drugs:

Aminoglycosides

Act on gram-negative aerobic microorganisms. It is applied when the inflammation of the lungs is caused by several types of bacteria, so therapy is prescribed together with antibacterial or antiviral drugs. For example, the effect of antibiotic amikacin with atypical pneumonia will strengthen the antibacterial metronidazole. When a joint admission should be observed above the speed of glomerular filtration in the kidneys (excretory ability). Representatives of the Group are:

Fluorochinols

Medicines actively affect the intestinal wand, Legionella. To date, Fluorochinols occupy one of the leading places in the treatment of bacterial pneumonia. These are the preparations of a wide range of action with the ability to deeply penetrate the tissue. The resistance of microorganisms to fluorochinolas is rarely developed by structural changes in DNA and the permeability of the bacterial wall. Famous antibiotics of this group:

How to treat pneumonia antibiotics

What antibacterial drugs take only the doctor. Independent treatment of pneumonia at home can result in death. Antibiotic therapy is carried out no more than 10 days, as many drugs are toxic. With bilateral inflammation of the lungs, treatment can be extended for a longer period. The specialist takes into account the overall condition of the patient, its age and the drug form of the drug. Such a dosage of the antibiotic in the blood is needed so that it is effective at a given degree of the disease.

In adults

After 18 years, antibiotics are prescribed with pneumonia in the dosage calculated individually. An adult doctor can prescribe the use of both the drug and antibacterial agents of several groups. Mostly apply drugs in ampoules, because some modern drugs, for example, ceftriaxone, not available in tablets. In addition, experts argue that antibiotics are more effective if they are pricking, and not to drink.

If after 3 days the therapeutic effect is absent, then the doctor must replace the medicine by another group of antibiotics. Often to change the drugs is also not recommended not to develop the stability of microorganisms. When the cause of inflammation is the virus, then immunomodulators are appointed:

In children

Children's pneumonia is particularly dangerous, because it occurs hidden after those transferred by ORVI, and not as an independent illness. The child becomes sluggish, loses appetite, cough, wheezing, high temperature appear. The basis of children's therapy is also antibiotics that are entered by parenterally. The kids prescribe natural and semi-synthetic penicillins or macrolides, in which the duration of treatment lasts no more than 5 days. Pre-pediatricians make a trial on the sensitivity to the appointed child an antibiotic.

Video: Treatment of pneumonia antibiotics

The information presented in the article is familiarized. Articles do not call for independent treatment. Only qualified doctor may diagnose and give recommendations on treatment based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

Antibiotics at pneumonia in adults

The preparation of choice for pneumonia in adults are beta-lactam penicillin antibiotics of amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (drugs with names - Augmentin, Flemoclav Soluteab). Antibiotics are released in tablet form, which allows them to use them to appoint a doctor at home and for children.

Antibiotic groups at pneumonia

The inflammation of the lungs is caused by the pathogens of several groups. Especially often community-hospital pneumonia (which occurred outside the hospital walls, in contrast to the hospital infection) provoked Streptococcus Pneumonia, Haemophilus Influenza, Staphilococcus Aureus, Pseudomonas Aeroginosa and other simplest, among whom Mikoplasm, Legionells, Chlamydia.

A single antibiotic capable of acting equally effectively on all causative agents of inflammation of the lungs does not exist, for each type of infection, the most effective drug is selected empirically.

For the treatment of pneumonia, several groups of antibiotics are used:

It is impossible to distinguish which when inflammation of light antibiotics are the best, and which are ineffective, since in each case the result of treatment is determined not only by the type of pathogen of pneumonia, but also the reactivity of the immune system, concomitant chronic diseases, care characteristics.

Beta-lactam antibiotics

Beta-lactam antibacterial agents are used by the main drugs for the treatment of pneumonia, combined on the basis of the presence of a beta-lactam ring molecule.

The means have a similar mechanism of action, differ in sensitivity to the enzymes of beta lactamases, which are produced by bacteria.

High efficiency against pneumococci, often causing pneumonia, are distinguished by amoxicillin antibiotics, in the absence of allergies to the drug selection in children and during pregnancy.

Beta-lactam includes:

• penicillins;
  • natural - benzpenicillin, oxacillin;
  • ampicillin;
  • amoxicillins - Hikcotil, Salutab Flexin;
  • inhibitory-speaking - Augmentin, Timemitin;
  • antsingenic ureidopenicillars - azlocillin, pepactorin;
• cephalosporins;
  • 1 generation - cefazolines (Cefzol, Cefhamesein), cephalexin;
  • 2 generation - means with cefuroxime (zinnat, keticef);
  • 3 generation - cefotaxim (clafranoran), ceftriaxone (Rosethim), Ceftazidim (Fortum);
  • 4 generation - cefepim (maxim).

Beta-lactam antibacterial agents are characterized by high efficiency, but are able to cause allergies, which is why they are replaced by macrolides or fluoroquinolones. Macrolids - Preparations of choice with suspected an atypical shape, which is caused by chlamydia, legionells, mycoplasm.

The advantages of these antibacterial agents include a significant post-proteotic effect, in which the blood concentration is created in the blood, which remains in the therapeutic dose after the discontinuation of the drug.

For example, azithromycin is a post-libeotic effect of 4 days, which reduces the course of therapy to 5 days.

Features of community-hospital pneumonia

Inflammation of the lungs can develop rapidly without leaving time to hold diagnostic studies On the definition of pathogenic microflora. The first appointment of the antibiotic and in a private clinic, and in the State Hospital is made empirically.

Choosing which antibiotics to take, the doctor comes from clinical picture Diseases, prevalence of pneumonia pathogens in a given area, the most typical pathogens, presence in the history of chronic diseases in adults.

The treatment of inflammation of the lungs is carried out by tableted forms, penicillins and cephalosporins 2 generations are served by the preparations of choice. To the appointment of treatment in the form of injections, it is impossible for the impossibility of treating tablets, as well as with severe disease.

Thus, the hospital forms of pneumonia in adults are read to treat with the introduction of antibiotics in injections, and go to the reception of the tablets only on 3 days after the element of the symptoms of inflammation.

Treatment of pneumonia in adults

The effectiveness of the antibiotic is estimated after 3 days from the start of therapy. During this time, the necessary therapeutic concentration is created in the blood, and the medication acts with the maximum result.

With a non-heavy flow of pneumonia caused by pneumococcal, streptococci, use drugs for receiving inside containing:

• amoxicillins - amoxicillin Sandoz, Flexin Solutub, Hikcotil, Amosin, Ospamex - 0.5 g at intervals at 8 o'clock;
• amoxicillins + Clawulanate - Augmentin, Bethaclav, Flemoclav Soluteab, Ecoclav, Amoxiclav - 0.65 g, Intervals - 8 hours;
• Cefuroxime Axietyl - dosage 0.5 g, intervals - 12 hours.

In the absence of a result, after 3 days of use, the likelihood of atypical pneumonia, adults are prescribed:

• tetracyclines - doxycycline inside 0.1 g at intervals at 12 o'clock;
• macrolids:
  • clarithromycin - Clasid, Frozilide, FROMILID UNO, Romiklar, Clarithromycin Sandoz, Clarbact 0.5 g at intervals at 12 o'clock;
  • azithromycin - Sumamed, Azitral, Hemomycin, Zitrolid Forte, Azitrumycin Zentiva, Azithoks, Ztorilla 0.5 g 1 day once, the following days - 0.25 g 1 time per day;
  • midekamicin - Macroin 0.4 g after 8 hours;
  • spiramycin - Spiramycin-Vero, Rovamycin of 3 million meters at intervals at 12 o'clock;
  • roxitromycin - Brillide, Rulid, Rulicin, Esparoxy 0.15 after 12 hours;
  • erythromycin - 0.5 g with intervals of 6 hours of erythromycin tablets;
  • josamamicin - Vilplerafen, Vilplephen Soluteab 0.5 g with an interval of 8 hours;
• Fluoroquinolones:
  • gatifloxacin - Zharkov, Gatispan 0.4 g 1 time / day;
  • levofloxacin - Tavanik, Flexide, Floracide, Leo Auto, Glewo 0.5 g 1 time per day;
  • moxifloxacin - Aveloks, Hainemox 0.4 g 1 time / day.

Pneumonia in the elderly

With pneumonia in adults after 65 years, with a non-heavy form of leakage from the first day of treatment, protected aminopenicillins of Augmentin or amoxyclav, axietyl cefuroxime or one of the fluoroquinolones in the usual dosage are prescribed.

Alternative preparations for older patients serve doxycycline or cefaclor.

Pneumonia during pregnancy

During the pregnancy of women sick pneumonia, they definitely hospitalize. Antibacterial drugs are used in pregnant women only by testimony.

Choose for the treatment of medication with a maximum effect, but not harming the emerging fetus.

To allow for pregnancy antibiotics for the treatment of pneumonia include:

• amoxicillins - Table. 0.5 g with intervals at 8 o'clock;
• amoxicillin + clavulanate - after 8 hours;
• cefuroxime Axietyl - 0.5 g with an interval of 12 hours;
• ampicillin - in injection 1 g after 6 hours;
• ceftriaxone - in injection 1 g at intervals of 24 hours;
• ceffaxim - in the injection of 1 g at intervals at 8 o'clock;
• cefuroxime - injection 1.5 after 8 hours.

An alternative preparation for allergies to beta-lactam penicillins in pregnant women is a spiramycin, which is prescribed to intake in 12 hours in suspension of 3 million meters.

Heavy pneumonia

In case of severe proceedings of community-friendly pneumonia, they are prescribed cefepim, ceftriaxone or cefotaxim as a drug selection. In addition to the main drug, an antibiotic from the group of macrolides is clarithromycin, spiromycin or erythromycin.

The most severe flow of lung inflammation is noted when infected with staphylococcus, pneumococci, enterobacteria, legionells. With severe forms of inflammation, drugs are injected intravenously, pairs of drugs are used:

• amoxicilling + clavunate and macrolide injection;
• cefotaxim + macrolide;
• ceftriaxone + macrolide;
• ciprofloxacin (offloxacin) + cephalosporin 3 generations (or levofloxacin, moxifloxacin).

Replacing antibiotics

The effect of the use of the antibiotic is to reduce the symptoms of intoxication, reducing the temperature. If this does not happen after 3 days, then the drug is replaced.

An ampicillin can often serve as a choice, in the absence of a result, it is replaced by a macrolide or attach it to add. And with severe pneumonia, instead of ampicillin use macrolide + one of the cephalosporins of 3 generations.

If amoxicillin or cefuroxime, amoxicillin or cefuroxime were prescribed to the patient, then the drug from the group of macrolides is attached to it.

The reason for changing the antibiotic can be developing renal failure In the patient, due to the nephrotoxicity of the drug. To nephrotoxic drugs These are cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones.

Perhaps you were looking for information about what he says ethnoscience In relation to pneumonia - read the article Folk remedies From pneumonia in adults.

How many therapy lasts

Subject to the normalization of temperature for 4 days, the total durations. The duration of the course with mycoplasma pneumonia is 2 weeks.

When infecting enterobacter, staphylococci, legionells, the treatment course can be extended to 3 weeks.

Criteria recovery

Signs of the normalization of the patient's condition serve:

• decrease in temperature to values \u200b\u200bnot exceeding 37.5 0 s;
• reduction of breathing frequency up to 20 and less breathing per minute;
• lack of pus in sputum;
• reducing the signs of intoxication of the body.

The use of antibiotics is important, but only one goal is to destroy the infection. The tasks of the restoration of lung functions solve drugs from other groups - anti-inflammatory, expectorant, bronchorants. Total result Treatment depends on the correctly chosen treatment regimen, age, immunoreactivity of the patient.

Enterovirus infection in children - symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

How to treat enterovirus infection in adults

Is antiviral drugs can be taken together with antibiotics

Antiviral medicines for influenza and ORVI

Why the nose is laid, and there is no cold

Complex drops in nose for children

By self-medication, you can miss the time and harm health!

Copying materials is allowed only with an active link to the site. All in the original texts.

The most efficient and common antibiotics at pneumonia

Pneumonia refers to a serious and pretty heavy infectious disease. It is manifested by the defeat of the respiratory organs. Antibiotics with pneumonia are effective, since drugs kill bacteria that caused inflammation.

If you do not apply antibiotics when inflammation of the lungs, the necessary effect will not be achieved. This is due to the fact that the immunity to cope with malicious microbes is independently unable. But it is worth considering that it is dangerous to apply an antibiotic at pneumonia, since treatment is accompanied by a number of side effects.

Antibioticogram

With this analysis, you can determine the sensitivity of the patient's body to a particular medicine. This analysis is necessary due to the fullness of the market with different drugs. It happens that the harmful organisms show resistance to one type of antibiotic, while the other species is able to destroy them. For analysis, the patient take sputum and produce relevant research, applying various drugs. According to the results of such actions, the most effective drugWith which the therapy is prescribed to the patient. Strong preparations are able to destroy malicious bacteria, and weak - prevent their reproduction. The study is accurate, errors do not happen. The analysis period is about 5 days, therefore antibiotics are prescribed, which are able to restrain the progression of the disease.

Thanks this analysis The risks of side effects and negative consequences are reduced, including allergic reactions from the use of antibiotics. A predicted positive outcome from the designated treatment is also determined by this analysis, because to reveal the pathogen and affecting it an antibiotic, it is guaranteed to get positive result from treatment.

The use of antibiotics at pneumonia in adults

Antibiotics for pneumonia in adults destroy the pathogenic flora. To assign treatment, you need to reduce the sharp symptoms of the disease using antibiotics with a wide action.

Often adult patients with pneumonia are prescribed such antibiotics:

After that, the patient's homosexual doctor must take the patient's sputum for analysis, and, based on the results obtained, assign the most effective therapy. In the laboratory, a specific form of a bacterium is detected, which provoked an inflammatory process. After that, the drug is appointed for the destruction of these species. harmful organisms. Sometimes the combination of drugs is required due to the detection of several types of malicious organisms.

The use of antibiotics at pneumonia in children

Serious disease in children - inflammation of the lungs, antibiotics in which even children are appointed. To identify this disease is quite possible even in the baby. Symptoms of the disease: wheezing, cough, difficult breathing, increased temperature. Also dangerous symptomsindicating the development of pneumonia, are: loss of appetite, lethargy, drowsiness, or, on the contrary, hyperreactivity. Blue skin in the area under the nose - a sign of pneumonia, antibiotics at the same time are prescribed immediately. In children, such a disease may arise due to the transferred to ARVI. It is worth considering that the course of the disease in children is more complex due to small respiratory tract.

Crops of children with more gentle preparations:

For the treatment of such a disease in children, like pneumonia, antibiotics are prescribed initially. At the same time, the best kind of drug capable of killing harmful bacteria And cause fewer side effects.

The antibiotic is able to destroy the microflora of the child, so it is necessary to carry out additional analyzes for the selection of the most optimal therapy for each individual case.

Antibiotics used for the treatment of pneumonia

A person has quite predictable questions: how to treat, what antibiotics to take, what drugs are to stock with inflammation of the lungs and what treatment method is the most effective?

Penicillins are called primary means designed to destroy bacteria. Such means have a property to penetrate the tissue of organs. But also can cause adverse reactions in the form: diarrhea, hypersensitivity, allergic reaction. Good efficiency is in the fight against staphylococci and streptococci. Tetracycles have not such a frequent appointment as penicillins. This is associated with stability. large number Microorganisms to this drug. Also, the negative side of these drugs is their accumulation property in bone tissue. In addition to all the use of these funds entails the destruction of the teeth.

Group Cefalosporins

Such a type of funds includes four generations of release. Cephasporins I generation quickly struggle with kokkoy bacteria. Generation II drugs destroy gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The deadline does not exceed 60 minutes. Generation III similar preparations copes well with microorganisms that have resistance to penicillins. They are used to oppress the infection. Preparations of IV generation, the newest, are able to cope with all sorts of groups of microorganisms. But these drugs have quite a few side effects, no examples, about 11%, allergic reactions are noted to such a strongest antibiotic. Better cope with bacteria preparations of the last generation.

Macrolids, aminoglycosides

Thanks to the use of macrolides, the neutralization of Cockkops, Legionell, Chlamydia occurs. The drug has a property well absorbed into the body. Such means are used in infecting respiratory organs.

Aminoglycosium means for pneumonia are applied if necessary for gram-positive bacteria during pneumonia. It helps the drug in the treatment of diseases caused by one type of microorganisms. To achieve a positive effect if different species Bacteria requires a combination of treatments. The dosage of such preparations is calculated on the basis of body weight, the number of years of the patient and the stage of pneumonia. During the reception, the proper functioning of the kidneys is required. Take drugs to appoint a doctor.

Hinol and Fluorochinolone

Preparations that have the name of the quinol, as well as cephalosporins, are divided by 4 generations. Generation I of such antibiotics kills an intestinal wand and acts quite well on Legionella. Less effective effects of them for cocked bacteria. Generation II drugs are prescribed with minor infections. The most effective therapy is using the III and IV generation of funds. The new generation medicine is well absorbed into the organs. The drug is excreted through the kidneys. The best antibiotics At pneumonia refer to the last generation.

Fluoroquinolones are prescribed only to persons over 18 years old. Exceptional case Performances the absence of an alternative. Effective action These drugs have against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Destroy not only pneumococci, but also Salmonella. Intracellular bacteria are quickly destroyed by fluoroquinolones. Intravenous administration It is carried out only with the help of a dropper. Treat inflammation of the lungs by these drugs is quite efficient.

Rules for the appointment of antibiotics at pneumonia

The decision on the use of drugs makes a doctor after examination. Medicines during therapy may be replaced by others. The conditions for changing the designated antibiotic is a strong undesirable effect, the occurrence of which can occur on a certain medicine. Also, a specialist can change the drug, provided that the previous one did not give the desired result. Positive effect From the reception of antibiotics should manifest itself in 2-3 days. There are antibiotics when lung inflammation, which relate to toxic. As a result, the appointment of such funds is not produced for a long time.

Toxic includes drugs included in groups:

• aminoglycosides;
• sulfonamides;
• nitrofurans.

On average, the treatment of pneumonia with antibiotics lasts about 14 days. If pneumonia is enhanced with additional diseases, the treatment can last until the patient's complete recovery. Also important condition is a definition general status Patient health.

Ineffective treatment of pneumonia antibiotics

Includability of the treatment of pulmonary infection using antibiotics is a rather rare phenomenon. The source can perform the patient's self-treatment before handling medical institution. So, if the patient took some other drugs, the effectiveness of drugs from pneumonia is significantly reduced.

It may also be intact if:

• repeatedly apply antibiotics;
• constant replacement of antibiotics;
• the resistance of bacteria has developed;
• incorrect selection of dose;
• invalid selection of the length of the therapy period.

In such circumstances, drugs are combined. Also, the patient's treatment with other drugs can give an effective result. Antibiotics for the treatment of pneumonia in tablets and capsules may be unsuccessful, since it is perfectly perfectly to treat pneumonia in this method only at an early stage of the disease. It is recommended to drink antibiotics in the form of tablets as preventing the disease. Drink pills, drinking well with large amounts of water.

A rather serious and dangerous disease is pneumonia, the treatment of antibiotics of which gives good results. Cure this disease immediately, since in the early stages the treatment period is less daysAnd the tools are appointed more gentle, with minimal side effects. In more serious cases, pneumonia is pretty difficult to treat. Even use strong preparations Does not always give a positive result.

Only a qualified specialist can draw up a treatment plan.