Psychology of dogs new ways of education. Basic rules and nuances of raising dogs. Wholesome nutrition is the basis of proper puppy upbringing

Many people get a dog for various purposes. But in order for the animal to bring joy, not cause problems and fulfill its purpose, it is necessary to properly educate the puppy. The principles of training depend on the breed of the pet, but there are basic points that apply to any animal.

Basic principles of education

As a rule, the breeder is engaged in the training of the dog. It is to his voice that the pet reacts the most, so it is important to establish a trusting relationship with the animal. Raising a puppy should begin with establishing close contact. For this, the following principles should be followed:

to study the characteristics of the character of the pet;
taking into account the age of the puppy, set feasible tasks for him and achieve their unquestioning fulfillment;
to make classes exciting, it is necessary to provide him with toys and often walk on fresh air;
seek help conditioned reflexes and create conditions for their development;
develop clear commands, gestures and other conditional signals (it is not recommended to change them);
for the executed commands and exemplary behavior, reward with treats and stroking;
during the lesson, the owner always plays the role of the boss, whose orders must be obeyed;
at other times it is necessary to play the role of a friend with whom you can play.

Raising a puppy is possible only after establishing a trusting contact. If the breeder has managed to achieve this, then the animal will fully follow all the instructions of the owner.

Behavior at home

Raising a puppy is not only about following commands on request. A significant role is played by the behavior of the animal at home and its communication with other household members. Therefore, if the owner does not want the dog to sleep on the bed, jump on the sofa or run from the street to the living rooms, then this should never be allowed. Otherwise, the habit will firmly enter the mind of the dog and it will be difficult to eradicate it.

From the very beginning, the puppy should have his own place in the house, his own bowl, toys and other devices. The pet must clearly understand that all household members are the main ones in the family, including children.

Education depends on the owner

Puppy education experienced cynologists It is advised to start directly from the first day of his appearance in the house. At first, you should show him a place to cope with natural needs. If the animal makes a mistake, then only a stern voice and indications of the mistake will lead to a positive result.

At the same time, all cynologists agree that it is impossible to shout at a puppy. Animals perfectly pick up changes in the intonation of the human voice, and shout it only scares them. It is also not recommended to use physical strength. In this case, the pet may become embittered, and there will no longer be a trusting relationship.

If it is necessary to punish a puppy for an offense, then it should be done immediately. In the future, the animal forgets about the oversight and the punishment will not be perceived as a lesson.

Often puppies show sincere joy when meeting with the owner. It is recommended to pay attention to the dog, do not push or scold. Thus, the animal shows its affection, and the owner will be able to demonstrate the joy of meeting.

But do not spoil the puppy and allow him things that are forbidden to adults. After all, when the animal matures, it may require the same attitude, and it will be more difficult to forbid.

Home education of a puppy cannot be imagined without the use of toys. It is necessary to give the dog access to some items that can be chewed and patted. In this way, you can satisfy natural needs and secure shoes and other personal items.

The owner is an unquestioning authority

When raising a puppy, it is important to orient him to complete obedience. Dogs are pack animals and, like wolves, are looking for a leader. For a strong personality, they are ready to follow and obey commands. Therefore, one can often see that the animals unquestioningly obey only the owner, and to a lesser extent obey all other family members. Therefore, when raising a dog, it is important to fully control the process and prevent the pet from leading the children.

Education depending on the breed

Each dog is individual. Her temperament and character depend on her breed. Some are naturally affectionate and outgoing, others are aggressive or tend to be leaders. Therefore, education has its own subtleties, depending on the breed.

Service dogs

The main purpose of such animals is to help people. They serve in the police, guard objects, look for drugs, and accompany the blind. These smart animals can bring many benefits, but first you need to properly raise a puppy. It is best to take special courses where trained people will reveal all the subtleties.

Puppy education german shepherd requires certain knowledge. After all, all service breeds are highly dependent on their master and attached to him. With a competent approach, the animal will follow the person anywhere, and most importantly, it will unquestioningly carry out his commands. The animal may not move and only wait for its breeder.

Raising a German Shepherd puppy is not an easy task. It is recommended to take special courses service dog breeding. After all, the approach is very different from the training of other breeds. It is important to develop the complete trust of the pet, the implementation of all commands and obedience.

Features of raising a shepherd dog at a very early age

The upbringing of a shepherd dog (puppy) must be started from the first days and done in the form of a game. Here are the main steps:

It is necessary to accustom him to the nickname. To do this, during feeding, you should call the name of the animal several times and stroke the pet.
From two months the puppy is taught the team "Come to me". To do this, use a delicacy.
It is necessary to accustom to one's own place. To do this, the litter is located in a quiet and peaceful corner. The puppy is brought, stroked and said "Place".
Upbringing german puppy unthinkable without the commands "No" and "Fu". As soon as the dog begins to commit an unacceptable act, it must be pulled up and lightly slapped. But you can’t hit hard, the animal can become embittered or become cowardly.

German Shepherds are naturally eager to please their owner. It is important to conduct training sessions daily and play regularly with the dog. Temporary difficulties may arise, but they are fixable.

The subtleties of raising a Labrador

Raising a Labrador puppy begins from the first day of his appearance in the house. After all, at first the puppy looks like a fluffy lump, but soon he will grow into big dog. Therefore, all transgressions should not go unpunished.

First of all, the puppy must clearly understand the boundaries of what is permitted, know where his place, bowl and toys are. In the matter of upbringing, the regime is important, so it is necessary to feed by the hour.

The main command for the Labrador is the word "Fu". This should mean the cessation of any prohibited action - from "attacking" slippers to growling at loved ones. The command will become especially relevant at the age of 4-6 months, when the dog begins the stage of tooth replacement and he can start biting.

Praise is important in raising a Labrador. The puppy loves very much when he is stroked, spoken in a gentle voice and played with him. In this case, a friendly dog grows up who loves to interact with a person.

The nuances of raising likes

Raising a husky puppy implies its obedience. If mistakes are made, then more drastic measures will be required to ensure order. It must be understood that animals have an innate hunting instinct, so raising a husky puppy involves a lot of time for walking and playing.

Animals must be collar and leash trained. As soon as the puppy gets comfortable, you can teach him to follow commands. It must be remembered that hunting skills will not go anywhere, and when meeting with another animal, a husky can be aggressive. Therefore, when raising her, pay attention to the relationship between other pets. Dogs are freedom-loving, so freedom of action should be limited only by commands and less often by a strict leash.

Raising small breed dogs

Raising a terrier puppy should begin immediately after its birth. Despite the small stature, the animal can bring a lot of trouble if you do not deal with it. You can often hear bad reviews about this breed. They all have to do with bad parenting.

Therefore, it is important to clearly prioritize and not allow the puppy all the actions that should not be done by a large animal. All family members should be the main ones in the house, and the puppy should obey their commands. Despite his small stature, it is better to determine his place for him and not give him access to the bed. Otherwise, you can get a "sofa" animal that you can't drive out of there.

We are all fascinated by trained dogs that faithfully look into the eyes of their master and follow all his commands. Do you know that your dog can be so loyal, loyal, and obedient? Don't believe? The secret to this ideal behavior lies in... educating the dog. And, on how competently and correctly you educate your pet, will depend on how obedient your dog grows. Ready? Then go ahead, get acquainted with the rules of raising a dog ...

A dog that doesn't listen to its owner simply doesn't respect him. In order for the dog to become complaisant and obedient, you need to gain authority in her eyes, earn her trust.

It is noteworthy that a dog of any breed is a descendant of a wolf predator. And, we are talking not only about representatives of large and aggressive breeds, but also about lap dogs, such as a pug or a Pekingese. Therefore, in the behavior of any dog, one can trace the behavior of a predatory wolf, which sacredly observes the rules wolf pack and respect the elder. This elder can be called anything, and the leader, and the alpha male and the leader - the meaning does not change from the name, this is an individual that has all the privileges and sets the rules of behavior in the pack. Some might say, but my poodle is not a wolf and I am not an alpha male. Perhaps… But, regardless of whether you accept the rules of behavior, communication and education of a dog according to this principle or not, these rules apply. And, it is simply impossible to impose human dogmas of education on an animal. Another thing, learn to dictate rules to a dog in a dog language that it understands. Take in your pack, which consists of you and your dog, the place of the leader, whom the animal wants to respect. Ah, obedience, it will come after respect. It is noteworthy that if you adhere to this line of animal education, you will not have to resort to violent methods, beat the dog or hurt it. physical pain. Exceptionally humane methods aimed at the mind of the animal.
Very often, novice dog breeders confuse such concepts as education and training. And, therein lies their mistake.

A dog may not know all the nuances of training, but it must be educated, because it is your face, it is a member of your pack.

So, how to raise a dog(do not train - that's another topic)? First of all, you must be consistent. Once you have accepted these rules, you, as the leader of your little pack, must adhere to them constantly, regardless of your mood and circumstances. Someone may say that it is necessary to educate a dog from childhood ... Perhaps. But, you can also raise an adult dog (though this is much more difficult). But difficult does not mean impossible!
So here are these parenting rules:

Difficult? Cruel? But, good upbringing requires sacrifice, and the victims in this case are the whims of your animal and your weakness of character. After all, you want to see an animal next to you that will not betray you, that respects you? Then, be patient, and … educate your dog.

Shevtsova Olga

Video about raising a dog:

We are waiting for your feedback and comments, join our VKontakte group!

Raising a dog is a very time-consuming process that requires patience from the owner. In spite of a large number of books on this topic, you should not hope that in a month you will be able to make the pet obedient.

This article is intended for persons over 18 years of age.

Are you over 18 already?

General rules

The advice of cynologists regarding the process of education boils down to the fact that proper education cannot be carried out without some features. Simple Rules process organization. The basics of raising a puppy are the strong will and patience of its leader, that is, the owner. That is why from the very first day a puppy appears in your house, it is worth showing him that in your “pack” the leader is you, and not the dog, and gradually accustom him to follow all your commands.

Simple tips from experienced dog handlers will help you figure out where to start and how not to break the dog's psyche in the process of education:

daily regime. This point is very important for both the animal and for you. Remember that the puppy cannot tell you about his desires - ask him to eat or play with him. A harmoniously composed daily routine, which includes all the items necessary for the dog, will allow the pet to feel confident. The only thing that should not be forgotten is to strictly follow all the points in strict sequence daily;
you have to dominate a dog from the moment it first appeared in your home. For this, it is necessary to immediately distribute roles in the family. Even in children, the dog must see the leader - then on a walk it will clearly follow the commands of its "little leader";
training should take place regularly, it is advisable to include this item in the daily routine. However, it should be remembered that classes should not last more than 20 minutes. If you show patience and perseverance, very soon your dog will delight you with his good behavior.

Shelter dog - upbringing and its features

When deciding to do a good deed and take a future pet from a shelter, one should understand that the occurrence of certain problems is simply inevitable. The first thing to remember is to give the dog time to get used to the new environment, the family. Perhaps at first the dog will simply hide somewhere and will not go out, it will not immediately remember that you should go to the toilet outside. However, your patience and love will help you overcome all obstacles and in mild form show the dog that you are the main thing in your tandem.

c "> Raising a dog up to a year - stages and features

To educate obedience in a puppy should be from birth and not stop even for a moment. There are some rules to think about even before the puppy crosses the threshold of your house for the first time.

Limits of what is permitted. You must understand what you want to see in the behavior of an adult dog, and what is unacceptable. You should start instilling the necessary behavior from the beginning of the appearance of the puppy, and in no case can you hope that the dog will grow up and become smarter.
Learning to divert attention. Since the appearance of the pet, he must have toys. In order for the puppy not to chew on shoes or furniture, you should play with him regularly. Remember that the animal reacts to the smell, and if its saliva remains on your shoes, it doesn’t understand why you can’t play with it. As soon as you notice that the pet has decided to frolic, switch his attention to the toy.
Delicious encouragement. Each, even a small achievement of a puppy, should be encouraged - give him a favorite treat or caress.

But after a year, when the dog clearly learns the rules of behavior and determines the scope of what is permitted, you can proceed directly to training. Professionals involved in dog training, developing in them the skills to guard and protect their owner, insist that training can only be started after the dog has reached the age of two. The peculiarity of the two-year-old age is that the psyche of the dog is sufficiently strengthened.

Brief description of dog breeds and their upbringing

Starting to educate a dog of the Labrador breed, one should take into account the peculiarities of its psychology. Labradors have a very affectionate disposition. And they rightly believe that for affection they can be forgiven for their laziness and unwillingness to learn. Unlike the yard dog, the Labrador is not distinguished by perseverance.

The characteristics of the Labrador dog breed and its upbringing shows that you will not only have to attract the attention of a pet, but also keep it throughout the lesson. Unlike the Husky breed, which requires strictness in upbringing, the Labrador is more willing to learn for "sweets" or affection.

e"> Raising a pointing dog

Wanting to have not just a well-mannered dog in the house, but an assistant and partner in hunting, it is important not only to teach the puppy to follow simple commands, such as sit, lie down, beside, etc. Hunting dog should not be afraid of water, be able to catch up with prey and bring it to the owner, have such qualities as perseverance and seriousness. After all, hunting is not a place for games. That is why you cannot do without training an animal in the field. To begin with, you should teach your puppy not to be afraid of water bodies - after all, swimming in the bathroom is one thing, and quite another in the lake. To do this, it is worth leaving in the warm season with a puppy that has reached 4-5 one month old, in shallow water and gradually call the dog to you, motivating him to go into the water. Only after the puppy learns to swim well, you can start field coaching, introducing the dog to ducks and other game, instilling the necessary skills.

f "> Collar - noose for education

An indispensable assistant in the process of raising your dog is a collar. Today, the choke collar is very popular on the market, it is made of soft nylon and does not cause strong pain. In most cases, the pet learns to respond to a slight tinkling of the chain, and not to pain.

Many novice dog breeders are wondering if it is possible to beat a dog for educational purposes, thus punishing disobedience and other offenses. You cannot use this method. Remember that for any manifestation of your aggression, the dog will defend itself and its life with the methods available to it - bites, attacks.

Raising an adult naughty dog

Of course, it is possible to educate or re-educate an already formed dog, but this will require gigantic patience and a long time from you. adult dog it is difficult to understand why she should "suddenly" obey the owner. After all, until this moment everything was different, and it will no longer be possible to bring up obedience at the level of instincts, like a puppy. But you need to start from simple to complex.

First, learn to listen to each other. Classes should begin when the dog is already slightly hungry, in which case he will try harder to get a treat. A cowardly dog needs to learn how to deal with his fears. Remember, as a child, you must have been afraid of the dark. But perseverance and time helped you get through it. Train your pet gradually not to react to other people or cats. Hyperactive and big dog Is it difficult to be in one place and not sweep everything in its path? Try to free up the space as much as possible, gradually filling it with the items you need. Furniture appears gradually, leaving enough free space. When the pet gets used to the new "obstacle", you can add the following.

Making a puppy obedient and docile is not as difficult as it seems. The main thing when raising a dog is to get acquainted with important points A must for beginner dog lovers. Observing the rules, a person will remain a leader for a dog for life, and the word of the owner will remain law.

The basis of raising dogs is that the dog sees a pack in the family, if a person does not show himself as a strong and confident leader, the dog will take on the indicated mission, turning into a tutor and leader. Hence the roots of disobedience and aggression of the pet. It is better to spend time eliminating the rebellion at the root than to spend a lot of time unsuccessfully correcting the situation later.

It is necessary to educate dogs from the first puppy squeak: to accustom them to the toilet, to the place, to commands and requirements. Unfortunately, most people, bringing a puppy into the house, are interested in what to feed, what vaccinations to do, forgetting that the importance of education is extremely relevant.

At the head of education is accustoming to basic needs and skills (sleep, toilet, walk), but without learning simple commands. well-bred dog will not work. It is worth familiarizing yourself with the special literature on dog training, dealing with your pet every day, in order to avoid trouble later and not pose a danger to others. Until you achieve the unquestioning execution of commands, do not stop training.

Let's try to educate perfect dog. You will need to gather willpower into a fist and be patient. You will have to spend a lot of time, ensuring that the dog grows up obedient, faithful and healthy. It is worth realizing the fact that there is no dog that is stupid or untrainable by nature (or breed), but lazy, not too zealous owners are found everywhere.

A specific dog requires an individual approach. In this article, we will only consider basic principles formation of the rules of education.

The main rules for raising dogs

First, focus on shaping your daily routine. four-legged friend needs no mode less than a person. The dog does not know how to talk, ask for food or say that he wants to walk or play. A well-observed daily regimen will help the dog feel confident, saving the owners from plaintive incomprehensible whining. The following items are prescribed in the regime: sleep and food, training and communication with relatives, play and walk, etc. Training, for example, takes up to 20 minutes daily and consistently.

Secondly, roles are immediately distributed in the family. It is impossible for a dog to take the place of a leader. Even in grown-up children, the dog must feel a strong will, so that it does not happen that the dog is raising a child and does not obey on a walk. The chief leader is the chief. The rest of the family members must obey, otherwise the care of the four-legged will fall entirely on the head of the family. Such a thing is unacceptable.

Other roles are not so important in the beginning educational process, gradually automatically remembered by the dog (enemy or friend, etc.).

Thirdly, the accuracy and speed of assimilation by the dog of commands (“sit”, “lie down”, “next”, “face”) depend on the regularity of the training. If you spare no time and effort, the pet will soon please the owners and others with excellent behavior and perfect obedience. The opinion that the ability to train each dog breed is different is not entirely true. It depends only on the owner how to raise a shepherd or poodle dog: with enthusiasm or hoping for a chance. Breed doesn't really matter. The information is provided for negligent owners who are accustomed to attribute direct responsibility for an inconvenient result to other factors. If you do not know how to teach a dog simple commands, refer to thematic Internet forums, buy a training CD with the rules of training. Not everyone is able to afford to seek help from a special dog instructor. In the presence of Money Raising a dog to be angry and naughty is definitely not a threat. A professional has the right not to train a dog, but he will point out obvious errors in training and education, help correct the dog's behavior and show how to act and talk with the animal.

If time is lost, the dog is already an adult (more than 2 years old), you will have to apply twice the amount of strength and patience, coordinate the methods of education with the cynologists. In an adult dog, it is difficult to break the character and already formed habits, which does not mean the impossibility of re-educating - it will just take longer and much more difficult.

Exhausting long workouts are strictly prohibited - this is animal abuse, which is punishable by law. Classes are held in moderation, but constantly. If you notice that the pet's condition is deteriorating, contact your nearest veterinarian urgently to immediately find out the reasons for the unhealthy condition.

Each dog has its own place

Sit down at the table and eat first, in the pack the leader starts eating food first, later the rest of the animals join. Main mistake dog lovers - to give up leadership to a dog from a small one. According to the rules of the pack - after the meal, feed the dog. Complaining glances are ignored.
The fatal mistake of most owners is to let the dog go home from the street first. This is absolutely impossible to do! A person, as a full-fledged leader, goes forward into the house, apartment, elevator, then, according to the rules of the wolf pack, the subordinate “wolf” enters. When trying to stubbornly climb forward with the appropriate and previously learned command, demand courtesy and obedience from the dog.
Try to win over the dog, even in a simple game of competition. A person is required to start and end games.
Dog commands are executed instantly, the first time.
The dog must keep its own place. Solid host teams will help.
Sometimes you have to punish the dog, beating the dog is inappropriate, which has the opposite effect: the animal becomes naughty and aggressive.

What is acceptable when raising a dog

It is forbidden, if you wish, to properly raise your beloved dog:

Can't be hit. Occasionally, light cotton on the pope is recommended.

You can not constantly lock the dog in a cage, avoiding paying the price of an upset psyche of the dog, which will become an insoluble and serious difficulty.
You can not shout for a long time, the use of an authoritative tone in your voice is highly desirable.
You can not punish the dog by depriving him of food or water.
You can not leave the dog alone for a long time, the dog is a pack animal, loneliness is detrimental to the psyche of a four-legged friend.

Remember, a kind and loving heart is not capable of raising an evil dog. Therefore, the statement is alive: "what kind of owner is such a dog."

And here you are - a happy dog owner! When the first euphoria subsides, you are guaranteed to ask yourself the question: how to raise a puppy? After all, an obedient, docile and well-mannered puppy will grow up to be a dog that is comfortable for living together.

Photo: google

Raising a puppy includes practicing skills such as:

response to nickname
collar/harness and leash training, muzzle training
teaching to show teeth, to manipulate ears and paws
learning to walk on a loose leash
practicing the commands "Near", "To me", "Sit", "Lie down", "Stand"
working out elementary exposure in the main positions
weaning a puppy to pick up food from the ground.

Specialist observation: Because this species training is not normative, it often includes other wishes of the owners, such as the socialization of the puppy, accustoming to the place, weaning from the bed, accustoming to cleanliness, the formation of food and play motivation and maintaining the correct balance between both types of motivation, the formation of a balance of excitation processes and braking, etc.

When can and should you start raising a puppy

You can (and should) start raising a puppy from the first day of his stay in a new home. Only education education is different. You should not "take the bull by the horns" and take on the training of all teams at once on the first day. Let the baby adapt, explore the new home. Your new family member will eat, sleep and play. The game is a great way to develop motivation, focus on the owner, switchability. What's there - the whole training process can be turned into most interesting game! And given that the puppy comes to us in a state of "tabula rasa", we have the opportunity to mold the very dog that we dreamed of. And this modeling is an ongoing process, requiring us to be almost one hundred percent involved in a small pet: we need to regularly actively encourage the correct behavior and small victories of our crumbs and ignore or switch (and ideally not allow) incorrect behavior.

I am often asked: “How to properly punish a puppy for his intrigues and pampering?” Usually I answer: “No way! You need to punish yourself for being inattentive or for provoking the puppy to do the wrong thing.”

How to properly raise a puppy

Raising a puppy through play

While the puppy is in quarantine, you have a head start! This is your time! The time when you can quite easily "tie up" the dog on yourself. Learn to play with your puppy. Play honestly, selflessly, sincerely. Use the toy to simulate prey and how it runs away. Usually a hare does not jump into the dog's mouth, it does not fly through the air above the puppy's head (also remember that jumping into early age dangerous and very traumatic). While playing, imitate a hunt, imitate a running hare with a toy. Teach your puppy to switch from your hands or feet to playing with a toy. Teach him to love playing with you, otherwise after going outside and getting to know other dogs, it will be difficult for you to outplay them.

Raising a puppy by earning food

How many times a day does your baby eat? 4 times? Great, so you will have 4 workouts per day. Learn from the very first day of your baby's stay in the house to work with him regularly. Teach your baby to earn food. Your workouts don't have to be long: for a puppy under four months of age, a training session of 10 to 15 minutes will suffice.

How to start raising a puppy? Why reward him? Everything is simple here.

Did the puppy come to you? - called him by name and gave a piece.
They took a few steps away from him, he ran after you - they called you by name and gave you a piece. This is how you teach your puppy to respond to his name.
They sat on the bed, and the baby remained on the floor - they gave a piece for 4 paws on the floor: in this moment you practice a calm attitude towards the bed.
We put a harness and leash on the puppy, walked with him through the room, gently sipping from time to time on the leash and rewarding him for walking - this is how you teach the baby to the leash and to the fact that he is controlled on the leash.

Weaning a puppy to try everything on the tooth

Usually puppies are very fond of trying everything on the tooth or digging. How to deal with it? I really, really love the Rope method. While you are at home, the puppy walks in a collar (or harness), to which a meter long rope is attached. As soon as the baby begins to perform actions that are unpleasant to you (nibbles on shoes or a stool leg, stole slippers, ...) you step on the leash, pull the puppy towards you, switch to a piece of treat or to play with you.

If the baby is still reaching for the forbidden thing, there are several solutions: the first (and easiest) is to remove the forbidden thing from reach for two weeks. If the first method does not suit you for one reason or another (although I would highly recommend putting your shoes in closets), try the second. Holding the rope and not letting the baby go to the forbidden thing, we say strictly: “No”, we pause and watch the puppy. Most likely, the baby will try to achieve his own. We forbid and do not allow to commit an offense. We wait. We forbid and do not allow. We wait. We forbid and do not give ...

The number of attempts to reach their goal will be different for each puppy. Someone has 3-4 attempts, for a more stubborn puppy - up to 8, for especially stubborn ones (terrier puppies often belong to these) - up to 15, or even 20. The main thing is patience, don't give up! As soon as the puppy has turned away from the coveted stool or moved away from it, be sure to praise him! Learn to see and celebrate his small daily victories. And don't forget to take the rope off at night or when you leave home.