The appearance of a newborn baby in a family is always a reason to give him all your attention and time. Caring mothers try to monitor any changes in the body, behavior and health of the child, so as not to miss a single, even the slightest, problem. Even minor redness skin can cause alarm, let alone a possible blue discoloration of the nasolabial triangle.
However, if the child turns blue nasolabial triangle, do not give in to panic, since there are two options for the development of events.
The child's nasolabial triangle turns blue - a description of the problem
In medical terminology, there is a specific name for this phenomenon - cyanosis. It is associated with a significant decrease in blood oxygen levels from the norm in ninety-two to ninety-five percent.
Even a slight blue discoloration of the skin near a child's nose is a reason to visit a pediatrician and consult with him, since there are many reasons for this manifestation.
Depending on whether the baby is healthy or not, the nasolabial triangle turns blue for various reasons.
Why does the nasolabial triangle turn blue in healthy newborns?
The oxygen level in the blood vessels may decrease if the baby cries heavily and for a long time. The origin of the symptom is pulmonary and the problem is normal. If you find out in time why this emotional arousal has arisen, and eliminate the source of discomfort, it will take only a few weeks, and the uncharacteristic skin color will disappear on its own. If the cyanosis does not go away longer, it is worth contacting a specialist.
A bluish tint can appear due to the fact that through light and thin skin, those close to the surface of the skin are clearly visible blood vessels... In this case, worry will be completely unnecessary. You just need to wait a bit until everything is corrected by itself.
The third reason for healthy babies is hypothermia. To avoid such a problem, it is worth following some rules.:
- Control the air temperature in the nursery and, if necessary, dress the baby warmer;
- Use a pleasant warm water for bathing, and also make sure that the air temperature in the bathroom is at room temperature.
If hypothermia already occurs, do not rush to sound the alarm. To start, just keep your child warm and comfortable at home.
Another reason - premature birth... It is no secret that they are extremely undesirable and sometimes even dangerous, since the airways are not yet fully formed. There is a risk of developing hypoxia, one of the symptoms of which is that the nasolabial triangle turns blue in a child at three months.
The nasolabial triangle turns blue in sick babies
There are a number of pathologies for which this manifestation is one of the main symptoms.:
- Malfunction of the baby's heart, for example, an organ defect (valvular defect in which the flow of blood from one valve to another is disrupted) or acute heart failure;
- Diseases in the area respiratory tract in severe form, for example, pneumonia or pathology in the lungs. In addition to cyanosis, symptoms such as shortness of breath, attacks of shortness of breath, obvious wheezing, pale skin appear. Serious pathologies can develop due to a prolonged cold or a virus. The more intense the symptoms, the more noticeable the blue will be;
- Foreign body trapped in the respiratory tract. You will notice that the baby cannot breathe or coughs heavily, shortness of breath has appeared. The first thing to do is call ambulance, and in the process of waiting for the doctor - put the child on his knees upside down and gently knock on his back. Thus, you can independently push out a small object and free your breath;
- Bronchial asthma and respiratory allergies, provoked by prolonged exposure to the organ of the allergen. The consequence is hypoxia;
- Disturbances in work nervous system arising as a result of complex childbirth or an incompletely mature system.
In each of the described cases, a visit to the pediatrician is necessary.
Diagnostic methods for blue nasolabial triangle
In order not to torment yourself with assumptions and guesses, it is best to immediately contact a specialist and undergo an examination. The following modern medical procedures can be used as diagnostic methods:
- X-ray chest;
- Cardiogram;
- Ultrasound examination of the heart.
A full examination involves a room with a baby of three specialists:
- A pediatrician who can prescribe everything required analyzes and procedures, establish the causes of the problem, prescribe an appropriate treatment regimen and / or send to the next doctor;
- A cardiologist who can diagnose possible pathologies in the area of the heart;
- A neurologist directly investigating cyanosis along with concurrent symptoms such as twitching of the chin, arms and legs, nervous state, crying.
After the exact reason has been established, you can proceed to effective treatment depending on the disease.
Respiratory allergies
The pediatrician must determine whether the causative agent of the disease is an infection (if there is redness of the throat and tonsils) or an allergen (if the skin is pale and covered with spots). In the first case, the pediatrician will immediately prescribe the treatment, and in the second, he will send to the allergist for test analyzes and a prescription for antihistamines, which relieve the severity of the condition. Once the allergen has been identified, it is enough to simply limit contact little man with him.
Complication of parainfluenza or pneumonia
A complication of parainfluenza infection can be laryngitis, which appears if the disease is not stopped in time. It is accompanied by a dry, barking cough, retraction of loose areas of the chest. Consequence - respiratory distress and cyanosis. In this case, hospitalization of the child is advisable.
Similar manifestations are observed in pneumonia. In this case, the body temperature can be both low (about 37 degrees) and reaching forty degrees. Inpatient treatment involves the use of an infusion or drip method for severe cases.
Heart disease
Congenital heart disease is diagnosed by cardiologists and cardiac surgeons. They prescribe an electrocardiogram, which examines the activity of the heart. The baby is then sent for an echocardiogram to get information about the functioning of the valves, heart muscles, and the intensity of blood flow.
The first days of a baby's life, parents are worried about every occasion, the baby is scared by defenselessness and responsibility. One of the reasons for worrying is the blue discoloration of the nasolabial triangle in infants - in medicine it is called cyanosis.
This blue discoloration can occur in both healthy and sick children.
Consider the first case, which is not dangerous and does not require drug treatment... Have healthy baby blue discoloration of the nasolabial triangle is possible:
- while crying;
- after swimming;
- after a walk;
- because of the thin skin.
When a child cries, the blood is not saturated with oxygen. Therefore, the nasolabial triangle, in which the interlacing of the veins, turns blue.
When bathing, the water temperature should be comfortable for the child, about 37 ° C. If the baby turns blue after water procedures, it means he is cold, the blood supply is slowed down, therefore cyanosis occurs.
During a long walk, hypothermia of the baby is also possible, as evidenced by the reaction of the nasolabial triangle. Multilayer cotton clothing for the child allows him not to overheat and freeze.
If the baby has thin skin: the veins are clearly visible on the abdomen, then the triangle will be blue. In this case, the baby should be calm and contented.
Exists the following reasons cyanosis, which parents cannot influence on their own; require medical intervention:
- heart disease;
- underdevelopment of the pulmonary system;
- underdevelopment of the nervous system;
- viral or bacterial infection.
How to determine whether to worry or not? You need to carefully monitor the child's well-being, the state of his skin, breathing. Signs of the need for treatment of cyanosis are:
- constantly blue triangle;
- cough, shortness of breath;
- weakness and lethargy of the child;
- prematurity.
Types of cyanosis:
- central - occurs when pulmonary insufficiency or mixing arterial and venous blood, this is possible due to the presence oval window in the heart of a child;
- peripheral - a consequence of slowed blood flow due to hypothermia or heart disease.
If the child's nasolabial triangle turns blue, it is imperative to tell the doctor about it, even if he is otherwise happy and calm. The pediatrician and neuropathologist will determine whether the child is healthy or not with a professional view, and will prescribe additional studies of ultrasound and ECG.
Possible consequences
Is cyanosis so dangerous, is it worth panicking? With cyanosis, the following consequences are possible:
- the development of hypoxia;
- secondary erythrocytosis - blood thickening;
- increased hemoglobin levels;
- oxygen starvation;
- headache.
All these unpleasant consequences eliminated by long walks on fresh air... We are talking about the usual blue discoloration without bouts of shortness of breath.
This does not apply to cyanosis due to serious pathologies when the child is sorely lacking oxygen. In such cases, the child's condition speaks for itself, you need to call an ambulance.
Prevention of cyanosis
Can cyanosis be prevented? It is best to think about this while the baby is still in the womb. A pregnant woman should eat well, exercise enough, and not consume. harmful products... Unfortunately, even the observance of all these points cannot guarantee the birth of an absolutely healthy baby. If a child was born with pathologies, it's not scary, modern medicine strong. Only love and care is needed from mom.
Prevention of neonatal cyanosis consists of:
- balanced nutrition of the mother of the baby;
- adherence to sleep and wakefulness;
- long walks;
- daily wellness massage and gymnastics;
- compliance with the temperature regime.
And the main point that must be mentioned is the calmness of the mother. A contented and rested mother always knows what the child wants. Her mind is pure and active.
Many young mothers neglect this important point: tired and tortured, they cannot charge the child with their joy and love, they do not understand his needs.
Treatment
Treatment of cyanosis itself does not occur, only prevention and control of symptoms.
Diseases-causes are treated:
- inflammatory diseases - with medications;
- pathology of the lungs and heart - by surgery;
- prematurity - with medicines and good care.
All newborns are prescribed ultrasound of organs, thanks to which pathologies on early stages... One of them is open oval window in the heart, seen in most babies. Because of it, blood mixing occurs and cyanosis occurs. Until a child is one year old, they do not operate, the window usually overgrows itself. Parents are advised to follow the cyanosis prevention regimen.
A newborn, sick or healthy, requires special attention and care. In the first year of a child's life, the formation and formation of a personality takes place: it grows very quickly, requires classes for full development. Diseases and pathologies at this age are treated with practically no consequences, you can even forget what it was.
Real stories
Mom Marina, Cheboksary: “Throughout the pregnancy, I followed the regimen and all the recommendations, but for some reason the body was against pregnancy and I was kept on storage all the time. The baby was born on time, but small, as premature. There were a lot of pathologies and diseases: pneumonia, an open oval window, underdevelopment of one hemisphere of the brain. With such a bouquet we were admitted to the neonatal pathology department. The child was pale, the nasolabial blue. They taught us to put a bottle under our feet to maintain the temperature hot water wrapped in a diaper. It was warm in the room, but it is difficult for a sick child to maintain his temperature, it takes a lot of energy, blood circulation slows down. And of course we were cured, although we lay there for a whole month. Now the boy is big, a first-grader, he studies well. And you can't say what such a test was. Thanks to modern medicine. "
Mother of Sveta, Oryol: “We had that the nasolabial triangle turned blue after a walk. Although walking, on the contrary, should help with cyanosis. I consulted with a doctor, she said that the child is absolutely healthy, and most likely he is freezing. She advised me to dress in layers so that the heat does not go away. Then I added another layer of undershirts and sliders. And the problem was gone. It's good that we didn't have time to catch a cold. "
If the nasolabial triangle turns blue in the baby, you should not panic, especially when the baby is calm. First you need to try to find the reason: maybe he was cold or he was crying and only calmed down. In that case, it's okay. It is also considered acceptable for the blue of the nasolabial of a newborn up to three days, his lungs have not yet tuned in to full-fledged work. But if the child breathes often, wheezes, he is lethargic and does not eat well, you should call a doctor or an ambulance. Better an ambulance, in the hospital they will immediately do all the necessary research and you can be calm about the health of the baby.
Have you already heard about the smallest girl from England, whose height will not exceed only 90 cm?
Typically, a newborn is examined by doctors to determine possible deviations in his physical health... There may be several reasons for concern: disruption of the nervous system or of cardio-vascular system... But this can not always be determined immediately. Therefore, at the first examination, the pediatrician asks the mother if the child has a cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle or chin trembling. What is the reason for this?
What is the reason?
An experienced specialist will immediately refer you to a cardiologist if a blue nasolabial triangle is observed in a child. Such symptoms may indicate a congenital heart disease. If the condition is very serious, then even the arms and legs of the baby may be blue. The oval window in the heart is not overgrown, and venous blood is constantly mixed with arterial blood. The baby is very excited, the venous blood is therefore in the artery, the oxygen in the blood becomes less, the nasolabial triangle becomes bluish. Often this phenomenon is accompanied by chin tremors. This is especially noticeable during crying. Some babies, plus everything, also have their hands trembling. Such a sight makes the parents nervous, and they go to the pediatrician for help.
Cyanosis and its symptoms
With this disease, the mucous membranes and skin acquire a bluish color. This can be identified with a physical examination. Cyanosis is quite common in those babies who have just been born. In this case, not only the area near the mouth turns blue, but also the nasolabial triangle. If this disease has respiratory origin, then it is rather weakly expressed. The violation becomes noticeable when the child is very worried or cries. This phenomenon is considered normal during the first month of life. Then you need to see a doctor. Often a similar condition can occur during pneumonia, diaphragmatic hernia and others respiratory diseases... Shortness of breath usually accompanies them. Cyanosis manifests itself in seizures, but the skin does not always look pale. This disease is more pronounced if there is severe respiratory distress. Do not lose sight of the fact that a common cold can lead to a similar disease if there are no focal changes in the lungs themselves. It can also be provoked simply by a foreign body that has got into the airways. Then the child cannot breathe, and the nasolabial triangle begins to turn blue. In this case, you cannot sit still, you need to immediately call an ambulance.
Helping a child
Pediatricians usually prescribe a cardiogram for the child and send it to an appointment with a specialized specialist. If the baby's oval window is not overgrown, but the valve, nevertheless, is, then so that the nasolabial triangle does not turn blue, you need to make sure that the child is less nervous and does not cry. Often, the valve then grows. If it is absent altogether, then an operation is necessary to restore it. But the surgeon must first examine the baby and make sure that he has no contraindications for this. If a child's nasolabial triangle not only turns blue, but his chin also trembles, then you need to contact a neurologist to determine how healthy he is. If the baby is only 2-3 months old, then you shouldn't worry too much. This phenomenon often passes quickly. If not, then it is necessary to treat
In the photo, blue discoloration is caused by bronchiolitis - an inflammation of the smallest bronchi, which is accompanied by respiratory failure. The disease itself usually goes away in 2-3 weeks, but you need to monitor the baby's breathing.
Parents of newborns, as well as children of the first year of life, can often observe the blue discoloration of the nasolabial fold or nasolabial triangle in their baby. Both absolutely healthy children and those suffering from certain diseases of organs and systems can face a similar phenomenon.
Normal indicators oxygen saturation of the blood should be at least 95%. The crying and screaming of a child is a stressful situation for child's body, as a result of which there may be a decrease in this indicator to 90-92% ( critical level). It is the drop in the oxygen saturation index of the blood that is the reason for the blue discoloration of the nasolabial triangle in children. different ages.
Below, the main causes of the physiological and pathological blue discoloration of the nasolabial region in children of different ages will be described in detail.
Physiological blue discoloration
From the moment of birth and in the first 2-3 weeks, a blue nasolabial triangle may be observed in a newborn baby, which occurs against the background of insolvency respiratory system... This condition is especially pronounced during the cry and cry of the child, when there is a drop in the oxygen saturation of the body. In the process of growing up, this phenomenon goes away on its own.
If the blue of the nasolabial triangle does not disappear on its own 2-3 weeks after the birth of the child, then this is a good reason to apply for medical advice... It should be borne in mind that such a condition can threaten not only the health, but also the life of the child, therefore postponing medical examination unacceptable.
Long and complicated labor can also provoke a blue discoloration of the nasolabial triangle in a newborn. The reason for this may be short-term hypoxia (oxygen starvation) of the child's body in the process of passing through birth canal.
Another reason for the physiological blue discoloration of the nasolabial triangle in children may be the increased transparency of the skin in this area, especially in newborns. Through the thin skin, vascular (venous) plexuses can be seen, giving a blue tint.
Pathological blue discoloration
One of probable causes this state may be a disease of the child's respiratory system. As an example, we can highlight acute bronchitis and pneumonia (pneumonia). As additional symptoms in these diseases, there may be pallor of the child's skin, shortness of breath and shortness of breath, as well as coughing fits. The more pronounced such a symptomatology, the more intense the blue discoloration of the nasolabial triangle in the baby. The appearance of this symptom in a child at the age of 3 can be observed both with an untimely diagnosed cardiac pathology, and with diseases of the respiratory system.
A foreign body in the airway can also cause this condition.
Special attention you should also pay to the child's body temperature, since hypothermia can provoke cyanosis (blue discoloration) in this area.
For more serious reasons for the appearance this symptom include congenital heart defects and large vessels ( pulmonary artery), as well as the phenomenon of heart failure. Accurate diagnosis of such conditions is feasible only with the use of special medical equipment, and with the participation of qualified medical specialists.
Many medical professionals it was noted that the blue discoloration of the nasolabial triangle in a child, associated with malformations of the cardiovascular system, is accompanied by the appearance of blue in the orbital region, which is not observed with pulmonary pathology.
The reason for an urgent visit to the doctor is the presence of blue for 3 weeks from the moment of birth, and at moments of complete rest of the child.
Diagnostics
The main methods for determining heart defects are ultrasonography, electrocardiogram, and chest x-ray. Provided that pathologies from the cardiovascular system are excluded, an additional consultation with a pediatric neurologist may be recommended by the pediatrician. During this consultation and complementary methods research, the child can be diagnosed various violations from the respiratory system.
Prevention of the formation of deviations from the cardiovascular system in a child begins even in the period intrauterine development... Compliance by a woman with the prescribed regimen during pregnancy (quitting smoking and drinking alcohol, good nutrition) is a guarantee of reducing the risk of developing undesirable consequences.
Treatment of cyanosis (blue discoloration) of the nasolabial triangle in children is permissible only after accurate determination true reason... In case of exclusion of heart defects, the child can only be recommended for a general strengthening massage, walks in the fresh air, as well as water treatments.
The most common congenital malformation of the heart is the "open oval window", a pathology in which there is a mixing of arterial and venous blood in the child's body. The result of this process is persistent oxygen starvation of the whole organism. If the blue discoloration of the nasolabial triangle arose against the background of this defect, then the child needs the following regimen:
- daily long walks in the fresh air;
- full restriction stressful situations;
- full and proper nutrition.
The appearance of cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle can be observed in children 5 years old, when the defect was not diagnosed immediately after birth.
In the presence of this symptom in children 1-3 months of age, parents should adhere to the following tactics:
- Consult a pediatrician attending physician regarding possible reason the appearance of blue, as well as receive a referral for examination.
- To get a consultation pediatric cardiologist in order to exclude congenital pathology heart and blood vessels.
- Get advice from a pediatric neurologist in case of exclusion of cardiac pathology.
Timely appeal for medical help and carrying out the necessary treatment measures is the key to a positive outcome of this process.
Blue discoloration caused by the capillary network can occur gradually, or it can develop quite abruptly. The disorder caused by health problems is often accompanied by other symptoms. Blue skin mainly indicates improper gas exchange in the lungs, pathologies of the cardiovascular system or other disorders in the patient's body.
Most often, signs of the disease are observed on protruding parts of the body: lips, nose tip, phalanges of the fingers. They are usually combined with other symptoms and appear during a severe stage of the disease.
Causes of the disease
With a change in the composition of the blood, namely with an increase in the amount of deoxyhemoglobin (hemoglobin deprived of oxygen), the color of the skin changes. Blood, almost devoid of oxygen, becomes darker and shines through the skin. Normal concentration hemoglobin - 3 g / l. If it becomes more than 30 or 50 g / l, this disease occurs.
Cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle in a child indicates that the baby may suffer from neuralgia, heart disease or lung disease. In an adult, such a triangle appears as a result of diseases of the respiratory system or due to cardiovascular failure.
Note. Not always bluish color of the skin around the mouth and nose in little child indicates availability serious reasons because baby skin is very thin, venous plexus are highly visible.
What else causes the development of cyanosis
Cyanosis can develop on any part of the body, but most of all it is observed precisely in the region of the nasolabial triangle. Some patients suffer from this disease only during the cold season. It happens that the appearance of signs begins in a person who has been at a high altitude for a long time. The lack of oxygen in the air affects the body in this way.
The nasolabial triangle is more visible in children. early age... In adults, the symptom appears in case of a serious condition. In some patients, it manifests itself as a result of poisoning, diphtheria, asthma, tuberculosis, thrombophlebitis.
Cyanosis in a newborn
Cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle is very common in infant... The weakest cyanosis, which manifests itself when a baby cries, is of respiratory origin (the child inhales little oxygen, but exhales a lot). Blue discoloration in this area when straining or screaming is considered normal.
Other causes of blue skin in the area of the nasolabial triangle, which is considered the norm:
- The baby's superficial vessels expand, becoming more visible during breastfeeding.
- With hypothermia, which can occur during the period of dressing or bathing. But after warming the baby, his skin color is over upper lip returns to the old.
Any functional dysfunctions pose a serious threat to the child's life and health. cardiovascular activity and the respiratory system, which show the same symptom.
Attention. If, after the nasolabial triangle turns blue, its color does not return to normal after a while, and the fingers and the tip of the tongue are blue, it is imperative to seek help from a medical institution.
Disease types
Variants of the algorithm for the development of cyanosis of the lips subdivide it into 3 pathological groups:
- The permanent type has a central origin. In addition to the cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle, it is characterized by a sluggish sucking reflex. Pathology occurs as a result of not correct development any parts of the brain, increased intracranial pressure or injury during childbirth.
- Respiratory nature of the disease. Additional symptoms this group:
- pale skin color;
- blue discoloration in the eye area;
- when inhaling, the small intercostal muscles are drawn in.
This type includes pulmonary diseases(pneumonia, runny nose, bronchial asthma).
- Cardiovascular type of pathology. The child suffers from the time of birth. The cause is congenital heart disease.
Baby health analysis
To recognize pathology, parents should observe their child. What excludes pathology:
- during the onset of cyanosis, there is no cough, breathing is not difficult;
- the development and growth of the child is age appropriate;
- the color of the skin around the mouth and in other parts of the body does not differ and has a normal appearance;
- the baby is active, not lethargic;
- absence of heart murmurs.
Important. You should not hesitate in case of a rapid blue discoloration of the nasolabial triangle. An urgent consultation with a doctor is required.
Actions for the appearance of cyanosis in a child
The procedures that the doctor usually prescribes:
- Ultrasound of the heart muscle;
- chest x-ray;
- electrocardiogram .
For full examination the baby needs to visit a neurologist. It is very important to maintain comfortable conditions in the apartment, because this is a mandatory requirement for proper development. Temperature and humidity must be in compliance with standards. It is necessary to regularly walk with him in the fresh air.
Daily massage stimulates the nervous system and normalizes the respiratory tract.
Cyanosis treatment
To determine the exact cause of the disease, you must go through professional examination... Each patient has his own individual characteristics, due to which a certain type of examination is prescribed. These can be various studies of the heart, lungs, or blood flow.
The most common type of treatment is oxygen inhalation to enrich the blood with oxygen. A good result is given by a special massage, but with chronic disease given treatment will not solve the underlying problem.
Traditional medicine methods
The treatment process must be based on the origins of the disease. In the fight against cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle with intoxication, it is necessary to use substances that can remove toxins. A decoction of viburnum is suitable for this. A liter of water must be poured over the leaves or fruits of the plant and boiled for one hour. The strained drink should be taken in small portions between meals.
Alternative methods should be used only after prescribing the main treatment. If the development of cyanosis is accompanied by difficulty breathing and chest pains, you should urgently call a doctor.
Cyanosis does not cause painful sensations, but is a symptom of some kind of disease. For treatment, it is necessary to establish its cause. Cyanosis often occurs as a manifestation serious diseases therefore, the patient may need to be hospitalized. For prevention purposes, it is recommended to healthy image life.
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