Technique for performing lymphatic facial massage. How to do it right? Indications and contraindications. Lymphatic system of the face

This interesting article is from the page of Nazar Ruzanov vk

Popular about the LYMPHATIC SYSTEM,

or Don't let the lymph stagnate!

Lymph movement is youth!

Move blood through arteries forces muscular vascular organ- the heart, and the movement of blood through the veins is ensured by the muscular-valvular structure of the veins. This is how the large and small circles of blood circulation function.

But the lymphatic bed does not have such a “drive”. The movement of lymph is slow and is achieved through muscles. The main muscle for driving lymph is the diaphragm. This is a kind of “heart” of the lymphatic system. During physical activity and deep breathing“belly”, the amplitude of movement of the diaphragm increases, and lymph circulation increases, i.e. its stagnation is eliminated.

If you are obese and lack certain physical activity Stagnation of lymph occurs in any lymph nodes. At the same time, waste products of cells (fragments of disintegrated lipids, proteins, waste, etc.) accumulate in the intercellular spaces, which even gradually grow into fibers connective tissue(doctors call this process fibrosis). And these cells simply begin to rot - sluggish cells appear oncological diseases, hypertension, allergies, etc.

Lymph cleansing occurs through saliva. Salivary glands belong to the lymphatic system, have access to the oral cavity and, together with saliva, carry waste and impurities from their system into digestive tract for their further removal from the body.

When under stress, the mouth usually becomes dry, saliva is not produced, and stagnation occurs in the lymphatic system. And the person is given water to drink. But this is not advisable to do. It is better to stimulate the secretion of saliva by sucking the lips to release saliva in the mouth, and make swallowing movements.

You can also use it to enhance saliva production. chewing gum, half an hour after eating, put salt on the tip of a knife under your tongue.

Should be abandoned bad habit- drink drinks immediately after eating third and have fruit for dessert. Do not store yesterday's food in the refrigerator, as it (especially when heated) is rich in toxins resulting from reproduction putrefactive bacteria, and after consumption it fills with ballast the entire intercellular space and lymphatic system in the human body.

Lymphatic system- this is a system that even doctors do not know well. They never seriously studied it. The lymphatic system works in one direction. All lymph flows from bottom to top. Swelling in the legs, arms, eyes, lower back, joints - this is all lymph. A bacteria, virus or fungus enters the body. What does lymph do? A large lymph node, for example, the genital tract, is located near the impact. Lymph nodes block the infection from passing further.

If gonorrhea passed through the body and entered the brain, then people would die immediately. Lymphocytes emerge from the lymph nodes, and they patrol the entire mucous membrane, urethra, and vagina. If they find something there, they eat it and take it back to the lymph nodes. In the lymph nodes, all this is lysed, activated and thrown out. The first route of lymph discharge in the body is the vagina and urethra. Everything that is connected with leucorrhoea in women, discharge in men, indicates that someone lives in the body, and the lymph eats this someone, at the cost of its own life, and removes it. The second route of evacuation is in the intestine, which contains tens of thousands of small lymph nodes.

Up to 50% of poisons are released through sweat and armpits. Nowadays people use deodorants that prevent you from sweating for 24 hours. They don't sweat under their armpits, but their palms do sweat. They also do cosmetic surgeries when they cut the lymphatic ducts. The forehead should not sweat. If your armpits are clogged, the entire surface of your body sweats. This indicates the second degree of damage and contamination of the lymph. The face should be relatively dry, and there should be leakage from under the arms, because there is a powerful sweat collector there. There are not very many sweat glands on the face.

Adenoids are The lymph nodes. Everyone who breathes through their mouth has adenoids, which are enlarged lymph nodes in the nose.

The salivary glands are the most powerful detoxification organ. Up to half a liter of toxic sputum is released through saliva. If a child is drooling on the pillow, then this means... serious problems lymphatic system. If a person or child sweats in a dream, this may indicate that he has pinworms, lamblia, or something else. Children should not sweat even when they have a fever environment 30C. Their sweat system is poorly developed. If small child A wet head at night means he is sick. Everything in a child must go through the kidneys and intestines.

Larynx. Chronic laryngitis or pharyngitis- These are the lymph nodes of the pharynx and larynx. With this diagnosis in a person chronic infection chronic fungus or chronic streptococcus. They are candidates for chronic lymphatic system disease.

Tonsils are the most powerful springboard for various bacteria. Streptococcus always comes through the tonsils. These are sore throats and rheumatism. Staphylococcus will not go through the tonsils. It goes through the nose. Sinusitis is a lesion of the lymphatic system, not the respiratory system. There is nothing in the nose, there are only holes for air and membranes 1 micron thick. Everything else there is pus.

Where does pus come from? From the abdomen, from the lymph, from the blood, from the intercellular spaces, and exit through the nose. Staphylococcus has this path. The fungus will never go through the nose. The fungus is released through nearby organs. If it is a foot one, then it will stand out there. The skin will crack. The lymphatic system will never drag the fungus into the nose, because it will not drag it. It will interrupt all lymphatic collectors. The lymphatic system will open the skin and release lymph fluid directly between the toes. The lymph nodes of the bones will never miss the fungus. If the whole body is affected by the fungus, fungal bronchitis begins. The deep lymph nodes of the bronchi are connected, and the person may begin to bronchial asthma(we are not talking about psychosomatics, when a person attracts attention to himself with illness).

Joint inflammation is a lesion of the lymphatic system. Everyone believes that swelling in the legs is cardiac or renal. Edema can only be lymphatic. The heart is exhausted and cannot pump blood. But it is not blood that is retained in the legs, but lymph. Elephantiasis is a lesion of the lymph when the inguinal lymph nodes are blocked and the fluid does not rise. Swelling of the hands is a blockage axillary lymph nodes. Puffiness of the eyes is a blockage of the submandibular and facial lymph nodes. This indirectly indicates kidney blockage. If the kidneys secrete less fluid than needed, then there is more of it in the body.

SO:

For the functioning of the lymphatic system, it is not enough just to “take a pill”– for people leading sedentary lifestyle in life, at a minimum, you need to do breathing exercises, “breathe with your stomach,” do at least minimal exercise, try to walk more. This allows you to partially eliminate lymph stagnation.

Of which 25 dm 3 is located in the intercellular and intertissue spaces. In an adult, 1200-1500 cm3 of lymph flows through the left thoracic duct at rest and on an empty stomach per day.

Colorless liquid alkaline reaction, containing 3-4% proteins, albumins, globulins, fibrinogen), about 1.0% glucose, 0.8-0.9% mineral salts. Viscosity and its density are less than. It contains lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils. The composition of lymph is not constant; it changes depending on the organ from which it flows. After eating a meal containing a lot of fat, lymph flowing from alimentary canal, acquires a milky white color due to the content of emulsified fats, from the liver - contains more proteins, from glands internal secretion- hormones. Lymph can coagulate, forming a loose clot.

Lymph flowing from small lymphatic vessels enters two ducts: right and left. The left thoracic duct collects lymph from both vessels lower limbs, from all abdominal cavity, from the left half chest, left upper limb and left half of the head and neck.

The right duct collects lymph from the rest of the body. Both ducts flow into large veins, as a result of which the lymph flows into the venous vein and, along with it, enters the right heart. The lymph flow is very slow, in large lymphatic vessels its speed is 0.25-0.3 mm/min.

Lymph moves thanks to rhythmic contractions of the walls of large lymphatic vessels (10-20 times per 1 minute), in which valves allow it to pass in only one direction. Large lymphatic vessels innervated by sympathetic nerve fibers, which cause their reflex narrowing in response to pain, emotions, and receptor irritation internal organs, increased pressure in the carotid sinus. The movement of lymph is enhanced by the suction action of the chest and contractions of skeletal muscles. Lymph formation increases with increasing difference in osmotic pressure in capillaries and tissues and decreases with increasing oncotic pressure of proteins in the bloodstream.

Lymphatic substances include albumoses, chicken, histamine, extracts of crayfish, strawberries, etc., which increase the lymph-forming function of capillary walls. These also include solutions of salts, sugar and urea, which increase the osmotic pressure of the blood.

The amount of lymph increases: 1) increase blood pressure, 2) increased arterial blood flow, 3) venous stasis, 4) increase in total blood mass, 5) increased activity of the organ.

Functions of lymph nodes

Along the lymphatic vessels there are lymph nodes, which are innervated by sympathetic nerves. In the lymph nodes, lymphocytes are formed and phagocytosis of microbes and foreign substances occurs. Some of the microbes that enter the lymph node are phagocytosed by reticular cells, and some remain in the node and gradually lose their virulence.

Neutralization of microbes also occurs in the tonsils, which are one of the seven located around the pharynx.

When absorbed from the intestines, both nutrients and harmful substances enter the lymph. These substances pass through the first line of nodes located in the intestinal wall, as well as the second and subsequent lines of nodes located in the mesentery.

If we talk about the work of the body and in particular about the fluids that flow in the body, then not many people immediately name lymph.

However, lymph has great value for the body and has very significant functions that allow the body to function normally.

What is the lymphatic system?

Many people know about the body’s need for blood circulation and the functioning of other systems, but not many know about high value lymphatic system. If lymph does not circulate throughout the body for just a couple of hours, then such an organism can no longer function.

So everyone human body experiences continuous need in the functioning of the lymphatic system.

It is easiest to compare the lymphatic system with the circulatory system and distinguish the following differences:

  1. Openness, unlike the circulatory system, the lymphatic system is open, that is, there is no circulation as such.
  2. Unidirectionality, if the circulatory system provides movement in two directions, then the lymph moves in the direction only from the peripheral to the central parts of the system, that is, the liquid first collects in the smallest capillaries and then moves into larger vessels, and the movement occurs only in this direction.
  3. There is no central pump. In order to ensure the movement of fluid in the desired direction, only a valve system is used.
  4. More slow motion fluids compared to the circulatory system.
  5. The presence of special anatomical elements– lymph nodes that perform significant function and are a kind of warehouse for lymphocytes.

The lymphatic vascular system is of greatest importance for metabolism and providing immunity. It is in the lymph nodes that the bulk of foreign elements that enter the body are processed.

If there is any virus in the body, then it is in the lymph nodes that work begins to study and displace this virus from the body.

You yourself can notice this activity when you have signs that indicate the body's fight against the virus. In addition, lymph regularly cleanses the body and removes unnecessary elements from the body.

Learn more about the lymphatic system from the video:

Functions

If we talk in more detail about the functions, we should note the connection between the lymphatic system and the cardiovascular system. It is thanks to lymph that the delivery of various items, which cannot immediately end up in the cardiovascular system:

  • proteins;
  • fluid from tissue and intertissue space;
  • fats that come mainly from the small intestine.

These elements are transported to the venous bed and thus end up in the circulatory system. These components can then be removed from the body.

At the same time, many inclusions unnecessary for the body are processed at the lymph stage, in particular we are talking about viruses and infections that are neutralized by lymphocytes and destroyed in the lymph nodes.

It should be noted the special function of the lymphatic capillaries, which have larger size compared to the capillaries of the circulatory system and thinner walls. Thanks to this, from the interstitial space into the lymph proteins and other components may be supplied.

Additionally, the lymphatic system can be used to cleanse the body, since the intensity of lymph flow largely depends on the compression of blood vessels and muscle tension.

Thus, massage and physical activity allow you to make the movement of lymph more efficient. Thanks to this, additional cleansing and healing of the body becomes possible.

Peculiarities

Actually, the word “lymph” comes from the Latin “lympha”, which translates as moisture or pure water. Just from this name it is possible to understand a lot about the structure of lymph, which washes and cleanses the entire body.

Many could observe lymph, since this liquid secreted on the surface when there are wounds on the skin. Unlike blood, the liquid is almost completely transparent.

By anatomical structure lymph refers to connective tissue and contains a large number of lymphocytes at complete absence erythrocytes and platelets.

In addition, lymph, as a rule, contains various waste products of the body. In particular, the previously noted large protein molecules that cannot be absorbed into the venous vessels.

Such molecules are often may be viruses Therefore, the lymphatic system is used to absorb such proteins.

Lymph may contain various hormones, which are produced endocrine glands. Fats and some other nutrients come here from the intestines, and protein from the liver.

Direction of lymph movement

The figure below shows a diagram of the movement of lymph in the human lymphatic system. It does not display every lymphatic vessel and the entire lymph nodes, which about five hundred in the human body.

Pay attention to the direction of movement. Lymph moves from the periphery to the center and from bottom to top. The liquid flows from small capillaries, which further connect into larger vessels.

The movement occurs through the lymph nodes, which contain great amount lymphocytes and cleanse lymph.

Typically to the lymph nodes more vessels come in than leave, that is, lymph enters through many channels and leaves through one or two. Thus, the movement continues to the so-called lymphatic trunks, which are the largest lymphatic vessels.

The largest is the thoracic duct, which is located near the aorta and passes through itself lymph from:

  • all organs that are located below the ribs;
  • the left side of the chest and the left side of the head;
  • left hand.

This duct connects to left subclavian vein, which you can see marked in blue in the picture on the left side. This is where lymph flows from the thoracic duct.

It should also be noted right duct, which collects liquid from the right top side body, in particular from the chest and head, arms.

From here lymph enters right subclavian vein, which is located symmetrically to the left in the figure. Additionally, it should be noted such large vessels that belong to the lymphatic system as:

  1. right and left jugular trunks;
  2. left and right subclavian trunks.

It should be said about the frequent location of lymphatic vessels along blood vessels, in particular venous vessels. If you pay attention to the picture, you will see some similar arrangement of vessels of the circulatory and lymphatic systems.

The lymphatic system has great importance for the human body.

Many doctors consider a lymph analysis to be no less relevant than a blood test, since lymph can indicate some factors that are not detected in other tests.

In general, lymph, in combination with blood and intercellular fluid, constitutes the internal fluid environment in the human body.

In the human body, along with the cardiovascular system, there is also a complementary lymphatic system. This structure penetrates all tissues and organs with capillaries, providing movement biological fluid– lymph and promoting strengthening immune defense body.

The lymphatic system helps the body cleanse itself of toxins, waste, microbes and infections, and also removes excess fluid from the intercellular space, pumping it into the vascular bed.

Lymphatic fluid is considered a type of connective tissue and includes lymphocytes - cells of the immune system. They perform vital functions, as they are able to distinguish “their” components from “foreign” ones within the body - red and white blood cells from infections and microbes, and then break down harmful particles with the help of T-lymphocytes.

Lymph also includes:

  • water;
  • salt;
  • minerals;
  • colloidal solutions of proteins;
  • fats.

This viscous liquid resembles blood plasma in its properties. The body of an adult contains about one and a half to two liters. Circulation is ensured by contractions muscle cells in the walls of blood vessels, as well as the movement of other muscles, general position body and breathing phases.

Functions of lymph in the body

Lymph circulation performs several functions at once:


Structure diagram

The anatomical structure of the lymphatic system can be depicted schematically:

The main components of its structure:

  • capillaries and vessels;
  • nodes;
  • ducts;
  • organs.

Lymphatic capillaries and vessels penetrate almost all organs and tissues of the body. They are not found only in the spinal cord and brain, the internal tissue of the spleen, the lens of the eye, the middle ear and the placenta. The capillaries of the lymphatic system are thicker than those of the circulatory system and have permeable walls that are physiologically more adapted to the absorption of substances. They merge into large ducts - vessels that also have thin walls, but are equipped with valves that prevent reverse or retrograde flow of lymph.

The vessels slowly deliver fluid to groups of lymph nodes consisting of lymphoid tissue, which contains:

  • lymphocytes;
  • plasma cells;
  • reticulocytes are young red blood cells.

Immune cells “mature” in the nodes of the lymphatic system:

  • B lymphocytes – produce antibodies and mobilize the immune system in case of threat;
  • T-lymphocytes - promote the breakdown of cells damaged by viruses.

The fluid released from the lymph nodes through large ducts enters the circulatory system. As can be seen in the diagram, there are only two lymphatic ducts in the body - right and left, which flow into the corresponding subclavian veins.

The organs of the lymphatic system are:

  • spleen;
  • thymus gland or thymus;
  • tonsils.

The movement of lymph occurs from bottom to top due to the fact that the valves of this system allow fluid to pass in only one direction. Therefore, it is important to massage in the direction of its circulation: from the fingers to the thoracic lymphatic duct, from the toes to the inguinal lymph nodes.

Causes of enlarged lymph nodes

Since the lymphatic system is aimed at cleansing the body and ridding it of harmful microelements, enlarged lymph nodes always indicate the presence of pathology.

The following photo is an example of what it looks like swollen lymph node. IN in this case neck is affected.

The most common cause of enlarged lymph nodes is infection. They can be both local and generalized when inflammatory process first occurs in one lymph node and then spreads to others.

Autoimmune diseases, causing inflammation in the nodes - arthritis and lupus erythematosus.

Oncological diseases of the lymphatic system: Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Inflammation can also be caused by other types of cancer, the metastases of which spread to the lymph nodes.

Cleansing the lymphatic system

Since the lymphatic system performs a number of vital important functions, removing polluting bacteria, infections and cell breakdown products from the body, it also needs cleansing.

A sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, technogenic influence - all this disrupts its functioning and leads to stagnation of lymph in the body. As a result, pathogenic substances are not removed from the body, but remain in it, which reduces the overall level of immunity and increases the risk of autoimmune diseases.

Helps cleanse the lymphatic system healthy diet and undergoing a special massage.

The diet should include the following products:

  • fresh herbs;
  • seaweed;
  • linseed oil;
  • herbal teas.

To improve fluid outflow, you need to drink at least 7-8 glasses of clean water daily.

It will help to “revive” the processes of outflow and lymphatic drainage. However, it should only be done by a massage therapist trained in special techniques: the lymphatic system is very fragile, incorrect actions can damage the valves and cause backflow of fluid. All movements should be made in the direction of lymph flow - from bottom to top.

Lymphatic drainage:

  • promotes the penetration of fluid from tissues into the capillaries and vessels of the system;
  • accelerates lymph circulation;
  • activates the process of cleansing blood vessels from cell decay products.

Lymphatic system

The lymphatic system is a network of vessels that penetrate organs and tissues containing colorless liquid- lymph.

Only brain structures, epithelial skin and mucous membranes, cartilage, spleen parenchyma, eyeball and placentas do not contain lymphatic vessels.

The lymphatic system, being integral part vascular system, along with veins, drains tissues through the formation of lymph, and also performs functions specific to it: barrier, lymphocytopoietic, immune.

The lymphocytopoietic function of the lymphatic system is ensured by the activity of the lymph nodes. They produce lymphocytes that enter the lymphatic and bloodstream. In peripheral lymph, which is formed in capillaries and flows through the lymphatic vessels before they flow into the lymph nodes, the number of lymphocytes is less than in the lymph flowing from the lymph nodes.

The immune function of the lymphatic system is that plasma cells that produce antibodies are formed in the lymph nodes. B and T lymphocytes, responsible for humoral and cellular immunity.

The barrier function of the lymphatic system is also carried out by the lymph nodes, in which foreign particles, microbes, and tumor cells arriving with the lymph are retained and then absorbed by phagocytic cells.

The blood flowing in the blood capillaries does not have direct contact with the tissues of the body: the tissues are washed by lymph.

Having left the blood capillaries, the lymph moves in the interstitial crevices, from where it passes into thin-walled capillary lymphatic vessels, which merge and form larger trunks. Eventually, all the lymph flows through two lymphatic trunks into the veins near their confluence with the heart. The number of lymphatic vessels in the body is many times greater than the number blood vessels.

Unlike blood, which moves freely through vessels, lymph flows through special accumulations of connective (lymphatic) tissue, the so-called lymph nodes (Fig. 4).

The flow of lymph through the lymphatic vessels is determined by numerous factors: a) constant pressure formed lymph; b) contraction of the walls of lymphangions; c) pulsation of blood vessels; d) movement of various segments of the body and limbs; e) contraction of smooth muscles in the walls of organs; e) suction action chest cavity and etc.

Rice. 4. Direction of lymph flow to lymph nodes

Lymphatic vessels under the influence nervous system capable of active contractile function, i.e., the size of their lumen may change or the lumen may close completely (exclusion from lymphatic drainage). The tone of the muscular membrane of the lymphatic vessels, as well as the activity of blood vessels, is regulated by the central nervous system.

Lymph nodes are organs of lymphocytopoiesis and antibody formation, located along the lymphatic vessels and together with them form the lymphatic system. Lymph nodes are located in groups.

From numerous lymph nodes head and neck Let's note the superficial lymph nodes located on the back of the head (occipital nodes); under lower jaw- submandibular lymph nodes and along the lateral surfaces of the neck - cervical lymph nodes. Lymphatic vessels pass through these nodes, originating from cracks in the tissues of the head and neck.

IN mesentery of the intestine there are dense clusters of mesenteric lymph nodes; All the lymphatic vessels of the intestine, originating in the intestinal villi, pass through them.

From lymphatic vessels lower limbs it should be noted the superficial inguinal lymph nodes located in groin area, and femoral lymph nodes located slightly below the inguinal nodes - on the anterior inner surface thighs, as well as popliteal lymph nodes.

From the lymph nodes of the chest and upper extremities, it is necessary to pay attention to the axillary lymph nodes, located quite superficially in axillary area, and ulnar lymph nodes located in the ulnar fossae - near the internal tendon of the biceps muscle. Lymphatic vessels pass through all these nodes, originating in the crevices and tissues of the upper limbs, chest and upper back.

The movement of lymph through tissues and vessels is extremely slow. Even in large lymphatic vessels, the speed of lymphatic flow barely reaches 4 mm per second.

Lymphatic vessels merge into several large vessels - the vessels of the lower extremities and lower torso form two lumbar trunks, and the lymphatic vessels of the intestine form the intestinal trunk. The fusion of these trunks forms the largest lymphatic vessel of the body - the left, or thoracic, duct, into which the trunk flows, collecting lymph from the left upper half of the body.

Lymph from the right half of the upper body is collected in another large vessel - the right lymphatic duct. Each of the ducts flows into the general blood stream at the confluence of the jugular and subclavian veins.

Inside the lymphatic vessels, like veins, there are valves that facilitate the movement of lymph.

Acceleration of lymph flow during muscle work is a consequence of an increase in the area of ​​capillary filtration, filtration pressure and volume of interstitial fluid. Under these conditions, the lymphatic system, by removing excess capillary filtrate, directly participates in the normalization of hydrostatic pressure in the interstitial space. An increase in the transport function of the lymphatic system is simultaneously accompanied by stimulation of the resorption function. The resorption of fluid and plasma proteins from the intercellular space into the roots of the lymphatic system increases. The movement of fluid in the direction of blood - interstitial fluid - lymph occurs due to changes in hemodynamics and an increase in the transport function (ability) of the lymphatic bed. By removing excess fluid from tissues and redistributing it within the extracellular space, the lymphatic system creates conditions for normal transcapillary exchange and weakens the effect of a rapid increase in the volume of interstitial fluid on cells, acting as a kind of damper. The ability of the lymphatic bed to both remove and partially deposit fluid and proteins leaving the blood capillaries is an important mechanism for its participation in the regulation of plasma volume during exercise.

To the number central mechanisms, playing a large role in phase changes in lymph flow during dosed muscular work and in recovery period, include changes in neurohumoral support muscle activity and lymph circulation processes, changes in the functional state of organs, motor activity skeletal muscles, external respiration parameters.

Currently, there is a real opportunity to actively influence functional state lymphatic system (Mikusev Yu. E.). Physical lymphostimulators include:

Local irritants(compresses, mustard plasters, cups);

Physical therapy products;

Eastern reflexology methods;

Electromagnetic fields;

Hyperbaric oxygenation.

Methods of stimulating lymph formation and lymph circulation:

1. Lymph-stimulating substances. Substances that affect hemodynamics:

A. Increasing hydrodynamic blood pressure and reducing plasma osmolarity (creating a water load).

B. Due to their molarity, they promote the flow of fluid into the vascular system and thereby increase the hydrodynamic pressure of the blood.

C. Affecting the rheological properties of blood and lymph.

2. Agents that affect the microlymphohemocirculatory system:

A. Changing the permeability of cell membranes.

B. Affecting the receptor structures of the microvascular bed (? - mimetics, ?-adrenergic blockers).

3. Drugs affecting the central and intermediate links in the regulation of general and local hemodynamics ( vasomotor center and heart).

4. Substances that affect the mechanisms that produce or contribute to the movement of lymph.

Biological methods of lymphostimulation:

Intravenous drip infusion autoblood;

Intravenous drip infusion of central autolymph;

The use of a class of bioorganic compounds that act as neurotransmitters.

On the upper limb lymphatic vessels begin on the dorsal and palmar surfaces of the fingers with transversely lying stems. The latter, having reached the lateral surfaces of the fingers, are collected into larger trunks that rise vertically to the palm (Fig. 5).

Rice. 5. Location of the lymphatic network on the upper limbs

This arrangement of the lymphatic pathways determines the technique of stroking and rubbing the fingers. Massage techniques should be performed as follows:

Under the influence of massage, the movement of all body fluids, especially blood and lymph, accelerates, and this happens not only in the massaged area of ​​the body, but also in distant veins and arteries. For example, foot massage can cause redness skin heads.

The massage therapist needs to become thoroughly familiar with the location of the lymphatic tract network and the directions in which the massage should be performed.

On the palmar and dorsal surfaces - in the transverse direction;

Along the side surface - straight up.

Next, the vessels of the dorsal surface of the hand go mainly along the interosseous spaces and rise to the forearm, and the vessels of the palm are directed along a radius from the center of the palm to the elevations thumb and little finger. From the palm, the vessels pass to the forearm and shoulder almost vertically and reach the axillary nodes. From the dorsum of the hand, lymphatic vessels, bending around the shoulder, also go to these nodes; while part of them goes around the shoulder in front, and the other part - behind. Ultimately, all the vessels of the upper limb pass through one of the axillary nodes and some of them also through the elbow nodes.

Therefore, when massaging the forearm, the massage therapist’s hand should move in the direction of the nodes located in the elbow bend, and when massaging the shoulder - in the direction of the nodes located in the armpit and the nodes lying above the internal condyle.

On the lower limb, collecting from the dorsum and plantar sides of the foot, the lymphatic vessels rise on both sides of the ankles; at the same time in inside the thigh and lower leg vessels go straight up to the inguinal nodes; vessels running along the anterior and outer surface of the limbs reach the inguinal fold, bending around the thigh in front; the vessels running along the posterior and inner surface, bending around the thigh from behind, also reach the same group of inguinal nodes. Some of the lymphatic vessels pass through two or three nodes located in the popliteal fossa (Fig. 6)

Rice. 6. Location of the lymphatic network on the lower limb

In connection with the indicated location of the lymphatic pathways, the massage therapist’s hand, when performing massage techniques on the lower leg muscles, is directed to the nodes located in the popliteal fossa, and on the thigh muscles - to the nodes lying under the Poupart ligament.

Two large groups of axillary and inguinal nodes play the role of centers; not only all the lymphatic vessels of the extremities flow into them, but also the vessels of the general integument of the body.

Thus, on level lumbar region spine there is, as it were, a lymphatic division: the lymph of the integument of the upper part of the body and all the lymph of the upper extremities passes through the axillary nodes, and the lymph of the lower extremities and integument located below the lumbar line passes through the inguinal nodes (Fig. 7)

Rice. 7. Lymphatic network to: A) anterior surface of the body; b) the back surface of the body and the direction of massage movements

Consequently, the direction of movement of the massage therapist’s hands when massaging the muscles of the chest, upper and middle parts back - to the axillary nodes of the corresponding side. When massaging the muscles of the lumbosacral region, the hands move towards the inguinal nodes.

In the neck, the lymphatic vessels lie over and deep below the sternocleidomastoid muscle. A plexus is formed from them, which accompanies carotid artery And jugular vein and near the lower end of this vein forms one common trunk, flowing into top end thoracic duct.

When massaging the head and neck, the massage therapist’s hand movements are directed downward (Fig. 8).

Rice. 8. Lymphatic network: A) lateral and posterior surfaces of the head and neck; b) facial area and scalp

1. All movements during execution various techniques massages are performed along the lymphatic flow towards the nearest lymph nodes.

2. Upper limbs massage towards the elbow and axillary nodes; lower - towards the popliteal and inguinal; the breast is massaged from the sternum to the sides, towards armpits; back - from spinal column to the sides: to the armpits when massaging the upper and middle region back, to the groin - during massage of the lumbosacral region; The neck muscles are massaged in the direction of the massage therapist’s hands downwards, towards the subclavian nodes.

3. Lymph nodes are not massaged.

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From the book Normal Physiology author Nikolay Alexandrovich Agadzhanyan

Lymphatic system Lymphatic vessels are a drainage system through which tissue fluid flows into the bloodstream. The human lymphatic system begins with closed, in contrast to blood vessels, lymphatic capillaries that penetrate all tissues, beyond

From the book Atlas of Professional Massage author Vitaly Alexandrovich Epifanov

Lymphatic system The lymphatic system is a network of vessels that penetrate organs and tissues containing a colorless liquid - lymph. Only the structures of the brain, the epithelial cover of the skin and mucous membranes, cartilage, parenchyma of the spleen, eyeball and placenta do not contain

From the book Atlas: human anatomy and physiology. Complete practical guide author Elena Yurievna Zigalova

Lymphatic system Lymphatic capillaries, which perform the function of absorption from tissues colloidal solutions proteins, carry out tissue drainage together with veins, absorb water and crystalloids dissolved in it, and also remove foreign particles from tissues

From the book Woman Code by Alice Vitti

Women's code zone No. 4: responsible for excretion - liver, colon, lymphatic system and skin Although these organs do not produce hormones, they are essential for the elimination of hormones circulating in your body. Can you imagine what would happen if hormones

From the book Living Capillaries: The most important factor health! Methods of Zalmanov, Nishi, Gogulan by Ivan Lapin

The Nishi system is another system for restoring capillaries. Zalmanov is not the only person who came up with the idea of ​​​​the importance of capillaries. Japanese engineer Katsuzo Nishi, following Zalmanov, created his own health method based on working with

From book Healthy man in your house author Elena Yurievna Zigalova

Lymphatic system The lymphatic system is a complex of vessels that carry electrolytes, water, proteins, etc. with lymph from tissue fluid into the bloodstream. The lymphatic system consists of lymphatic capillaries branched in organs and tissues

From the book Massage. Lessons from a great master author Vladimir Ivanovich Vasichkin

The lymphatic system is closely related to the circulatory system. Fabric supply nutrients and oxygen from the blood occurs through tissue fluid. 1/4 of the total body mass is tissue fluid and lymph. Penetrating into the lumen of lymphatic capillaries, tissue

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