Hormonal disruption in the cat. Hormonal disruption in cats: a list of possible diseases leading to the disorder (symptoms, treatment). Digestive tract problems

3. Gynecological pathologies: chronic inflammatory diseases pelvic organs, endometriosis.

Symptoms of hormonal disruptions in men of reproductive age

Prolonged absence of menstruation, not associated with pregnancy or lactation, in women of reproductive age is called amenorrhea, and indicates a hormonal imbalance.

Hormonal disruption in a dog: treatment

Signs of hormonal imbalance in girls during puberty

vomit;

But if we are talking about medical abortion, then in this case the hormonal disruption occurs already during the intervention itself. That is why after medical abortion be sure to take a course of hormonal therapy to restore the cycle.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding as a symptom of hormonal imbalance in girls during puberty

hormonal disorders in dogs symptoms

a tendency to emotional weakness (tearfulness);

3. Signs of metabolic disorders (swelling of the face and limbs).

Hormonal disruption in women after abortion

Finally, great value in the emergence hormonal disruptions has a hereditary factor. Especially strong genetic predisposition manifests itself in the development of climacteric disorders.

decreased libido, disorders in the sexual and reproductive spheres.

Anyone should alert pet owners abrupt change in the behavior of pets. If before the dog was affectionate, and then began to show aggression, this is a reason to be wary. Also, increased activity or, conversely, drowsiness of the animal may indicate a hormonal imbalance in the dog, treatment will help eliminate these problems. Besides, alarming sign there may be the following manifestations:

Violations of the vegetative-vascular system resemble the symptoms of female menopause: hot flashes, increased sweating are often found.

polar mood swings and generally nervousness -

However, the so-called functional hypercortisolism (pseudo-Cushing's syndrome) is quite common, when the cause of hormonal disruption is functional disturbances in the activity of neuro endocrine system associated with obesity, alcoholism. neuropsychiatric diseases.

Causes of hormonal imbalance in men

Image from the site lori.ru

I wonder what for normal functioning the male body also needs female sex hormones (estrogens), so that blood healthy man contains more estrogen than the blood of a woman during menopause.

Severe long-term nervous overstrain or severe physical illness can provoke hormonal imbalance. There is evidence of a hereditary predisposition to the occurrence of hormonal disruptions. In addition, men with a history of hormonal disruptions (delayed sexual development, sexual dysfunction during the reproductive period) are at risk for the development of pathological menopause.

The causes of hormonal disruptions in men and women are very diverse. First of all, it should be noted that the hormonal background is the result of a complex interaction between the central system of neuroendocrine regulation located in the brain (the so-called hypothalamic-pituitary system) and the endocrine glands located in the periphery (male and female gonads).

Of course, the most cardinal, most effective and healthiest thing in the whole wide world is CASTRATION-STERILIZATION. But the operation requires from the owner some trouble, material and time costs, and, finally, the desire to do it. It happens that something from this list is missing.

the presence of sexual heat,

Causes, signs and symptoms of hormonal disorders in women and men. Hormonal imbalance in women

The causes of hormonal imbalance can be nervous or physical stress, acute infectious diseases, vitamin deficiency. According to statistics, almost healthy girls students on an intensive schedule (lyceums, gymnasiums, etc.).

Just like women, men experience untimely (too early or too late) sexual development. Despite the difference in the structure of the sexes, the causes and symptoms of untimely development are similar.

obesity;

And in order to answer it, you need to understand something, and understand it thoroughly.

2. Delayed - develop within two to three years after menopause.

All life cycles of the human body are directly related to physiological changes hormonal background that provide growth and reproduction, development and wilting.

1. An outward sign of hormonal disorders can be weight loss with an excellent appetite. "And I eat and lose weight!" - this phrase is said with pride by some people, not knowledgeable of problems with a figure, and sometimes they do not even realize that the reason for such a situation may not be "happy genes", but rather serious hormonal disorders - for example, problems with the thyroid gland.

anorgasmia in women;

Less often failure male hormones can be caused by endocrine pathologies (hyperthyroidism), hormone-active tumors, severe liver and kidney damage, proceeding with intoxication (uremia, liver failure).

hormone-dependent malignant tumors;

An excess of some hormones and a lack of others. And it is treated after full examination according to the vet doctor's instructions. This is not your case. I wrote the answer until there was an addition. Your dog has some other reason.

If the veterinarian concluded that the cat lacks some natural hormone - diagnosed with hypothyroidism - then competent replacement therapy guarantees long life your favorite. Most often, a cat is assigned a lifetime appointment. hormonal drugs, on which her well-being depends. The rest of the animal can be called almost completely healthy.

Majority hormones metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidneys. Therefore, severe damage to these organs, leading to their failure, can also cause hormonal imbalances.

After childbirth, a physiological restructuring of the body takes place, which takes a fairly long period of time. Therefore, the timing of the restoration of a normal menstrual cycle is very variable, even in cases where a woman is not breastfeeding.

Great importance in the treatment and prevention of hormonal disruptions in women and men, has a healthy lifestyle:

Beginning at 8-10 months (or even less!) Of age, the light bulb of the instinct "be fruitful and multiply!" rolling on the floor, leaving scent marks. The instinct that makes the owner's life similar to living on a volcano - it is not known when it will "explode", which of the nights will be sleepless.

the use of hormonal drugs that suppress estrus,

instability blood pressure and heart rate, sweating.

convulsions;

A separate group is made up congenital disorders the functioning of the system, which ensures a normal hormonal background. As a rule, such pathologies manifest themselves in puberty delay or absence of the formation of secondary sexual characteristics.

Only the prince is gone, where has he gone.

1. Judging by the high blood progesterone on the 8th day of estrus - in a dog early ovulation, with what the "pushover" can be connected. Determine ovulation before the next breeding.

As a general rule, in primiparous abortions, the likelihood of complications is much higher, regardless of the method of termination of pregnancy. Of course, the earlier the intervention was made, the less the risk.

Semyon 01/06/2016 03:25 01/06/2016 0

Today our guest is a specialist in laboratory diagnostics, a teacher of the Department of Biochemistry of the Veterinary Academy Vasilieva Svetlana Vladimirovna. She was one of the first in our city to start studying veterinary endocrinology and developing diagnostic algorithms, she is the author of 15 scientific works in this area. The topic of our conversation is hormonal disorders in small pets.

In addition, hormonal imbalance in men may be associated with increased production of estrogen from testosterone. This often happens with chronic intoxications. when the metabolism of androgens in the liver is disrupted, and their transformation into estrogens increases (chronic alcoholism, drug use, professional contact with certain poisons, exposure to radiation).

Endocrine Disorders in Dogs

However, today the most common cause of hormonal disruption in adolescents, leading to delayed sexual development, is nutritional depletion due to fasting (adherence to fashionable diets, anorexia nervosa etc.).

V severe cases vegetative-vascular disorders proceed according to the type of sympathoadrenal crises (unmotivated attacks of fear of death, accompanied by an increase in blood pressure and an increase in heart rate, ending in profuse urination). Such crises indicate the involvement of the adrenal medulla in the process.

It should be noted that all the above-described signs of hormonal imbalance are completely reversible. Activity nervous system, metabolism and bone structure are restored after the normalization of hormonal levels. However, prolonged hormonal imbalance can lead to more severe, irreversible complications from many body systems.

tremor of the fingers ("hands are trembling", as they say in the people);

There is also a false PPR associated with the pathology of the adrenal cortex. In such cases, it is combined with obesity and other signs of metabolic disorders. A similar clinical picture develops when eating foods containing a large amount of hormones (milk and meat from animals that have been stimulated with steroid drugs).

Keep in mind:

Re: Hormonal disbalance, frequent estrus in a dog

The administration of the forum cannot verify the authenticity of ALL funds and their details. And it cannot prohibit the publication of such announcements.

Endocrine Disorders in Dogs

increased sweating;

Weight gain after childbirth during lactation. is physiological - it is side effect hormones that stimulate milk production. Therefore, nursing women can only be advised to move more, as well as exclude easily digestible high-calorie foods (sweets, pastries, etc.). Diets are contraindicated during lactation.

In men, as well as in women, the regulation of the activity of the gonads is coordinated with the help of a complex hypothalamic-pituitary system.

4. Complicated obstetric history: abortions, miscarriages. difficult childbirth.

subfebrile temperature (37-37.5 ° C), which lasts for a long time;

Dog (weight 13kg) 3, 5 years old. They began to be treated at the age of 1, 5 years, addressed with food intolerance(vomiting with foam, colic), itching and scratching. According to bacteriological analysis - pronounced dysbact, due to a decrease in the number of E. coli, lactobacilli, colonization by enterobacteria. After the treatment, blood was donated for hormones: T3 - 1, 23 (norm0, 5-2, 8), T4tot-23, 48 (nor 12-52), T4sv-11, 22 (8-40), cortisol-102 , 12 (27-220). Diagnosed autoimmune thyroiditis, appointed l-thyroxine for life. A year later, they took again T3bs-1, 72 (0, 5-2, 8), T4sv-12, 51 (8-40), cortisol-27, 6 (27-220). Prescribed prednisone 5mg within 1 month, level cortisol through mc - 138 (27-220). Then they gradually removed it in a month and after one more mc without prednisolone (the dog began to itch again) they passed it to cortisol - 55 (27-220). diagnosed with adrenal cortex insufficiency. Now prednisone is prescribed for life at a dose of 5 mg daily.

Violations from the outside are very characteristic of cardio-vascular system: pain in the region of the heart, palpitations, hypertension and atherosclerosis develop.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUH) is a hormonal imbalance caused by menstrual irregularities, accompanied by increased blood secretion. Hormonal disruption in such cases occurs in complex system hypothalamus-pituitary-ovaries.

gynecomastia (breast enlargement);

In the attached topics - announcements of those who cooperate with the administration of the forum and whose existence we have no doubts.

Ladies and Gentlemen!

1. Early - appear two to three years before menopause (complete cessation of menstruation).

According to the indications, vitamin therapy, herbal medicine is carried out. physiotherapy. Spa treatment.

type 2 diabetes mellitus.

In addition, symptoms of hormonal imbalance after an abortion are:

It is not recommended to take any actions on your own, since taking certain drugs may be contraindicated in certain cases. Instead, it is best to consult with our service. We will give useful tips how to prevent hormonal disruption in a dog, treatment and symptoms will be advised by our specialists. This will help relieve the dog's distress before the doctor arrives.

Symptoms of hormonal imbalance in a cat

sound the alarm and make an appointment with an endocrinologist!

Symptoms of hormonal imbalance in men

There are a number of signs that should make the owner of the cat suspect that his pet has a hormonal imbalance. First of all, this is a sharp increase in the amount of water you drink, and, accordingly, increased urination. The most alarming symptoms that may indicate certain endocrine disorders in the animal's body are severe obesity or, conversely, a sharp weight loss. Often, a cat begins to lose hair, up to complete baldness in some parts of the body - the so-called alopecia areata. The most severe consequences of hormonal imbalance in a cat are tumors, both benign and malignant.

Hormonal disruptions in men of reproductive age, as a rule, occur with absolute or relative hyperestrogenism, and are manifested by the following symptoms:

Most often, hormonal disruptions occur during periods when the endocrine system is in effect physiological reasons becomes especially vulnerable. First of all, this concerns the period of puberty and the period of extinction of sexual function. In women, hormonal disruptions often develop during "hormonal storms" after abortion, as well as against the background of a complex restructuring of the body after childbirth.

1. Constitutional PPP is a genetically determined early development that is not accompanied by any pathological symptoms. At the same time, an early matured girl is completely healthy and retains the ability to reproduce normally. Therefore, this type of PPP cannot be treated. It should be noted that with a constitutional PPP, the first menarche is extremely rare before 6-7 years.

Signs of hormonal disruption in menopause in men

atherosclerosis with the subsequent development of cerebral strokes and myocardial infarctions;

Diagnostics

a decrease in the emotional background, up to depression;
irritability;

However, if you do not have reproductive tasks, the various intervals between estrus are not in themselves a pathology.

Distinguish between physiological (constitutional) and pathological premature puberty(PPP):

The clinical picture of a disturbance in the activity of the central nervous system with hormonal failure is manifested by symptoms of the so-called cerebrasthenia (exhaustion):

To satisfy the sexual instinct, at least a sexual partner is required. Oops, and no one was going to provide it to the cat. As well as creating conditions for the "dating process". And the result of the meeting - kittens - is not needed by anyone ... Let's not talk about how harmful this affects the cat itself - this is detailed here. Let's talk about solving the problem.

unmotivated weight gain;
increased body temperature;

The article deals with endocrine disorders that occur in the dog's body; the main endocrine diseases, their symptoms and signs, as well as methods of treatment are characterized.

Magic prick

3. Amenorrhea caused by pathology of the ovaries.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

By the time of onset, all symptoms of pathological menopause are divided into the following groups:

Secondary hypogonadism (hormonal insufficiency of central genesis) in men occurs for the same reasons as in women (tumors of the hypothalamic-pituitary zone, trauma, neuroinfection, congenital defects development).

Build up fast dystrophic changes musculoskeletal system: osteoporosis, flabbiness and weakness of muscles develops, patients complain of pain in joints and bones.

Heat in most cases can be monthly, and the character of the cat changes for the worse, introducing burdensome and unpleasant moments into the life of the owners. Therefore, sterilization is the optimal way out of this situation, since it does not cause consequences and is very easily tolerated by the animal, which is fundamentally different from the result of using means to suppress estrus.

dry, hot nose;
diarrhea;

Clinical studies have proven that it is estrogens that provide normal libido (sexual desire decreases with both an excess and a lack of female sex hormones in men). In addition, estrogens are responsible for normal sperm maturation and cognitive performance, and also affect lipid metabolism... Another one important function estrogen - ensuring the normal exchange of calcium in the bones.

However, in recent times more and more often, the phrase "hormonal disruption" is used to designate all sorts of troubles associated with endocrine regulation disorders in men.

getting rid of addictions (smoking, alcoholism, drug use);

The reason diabetes mellitus prolonged overfeeding of the animal may become. Problem number 1, which leads to deviations in the endocrine system of the animal's body, have been and remain hormonal drugs that many owners give to their cats during their sexual estrus. Such drugs cause great harm to the animal and can even lead to cancer. If you do not plan to breed cats, and your pet is not a purebred breeding animal, it is much more humane to sterilize it, rather than stuff it with pills and drops.

Initially, "hormonal disruption" was called the pathology of the endocrine system in women, which was clinically manifested, first of all, by menstrual irregularities.

disorders of the nervous system;

Meaning normal state It is difficult to overestimate the hormonal background, since the endocrine system has a decisive influence on many functions of the central nervous system (emotions, feelings, memory, physical and intellectual performance), and also participates in the regulation of the work of all vital organs.

What to look for?

Male sex hormones (androgens) are produced in the gonads - the testes. Their products ensure the development of secondary sexual characteristics in boys, as well as high growth, powerful muscles, aggressiveness.

Disorders of the hypothalamic-pituitary system, in turn, can be caused by its direct organic defeat(severe traumatic brain injury, tumor, encephalitis), or mediated by the influence of unfavorable external and internal factors (syndrome chronic fatigue... general depletion of the body, etc.).

The skin becomes dry and atrophic, brittle nails appear, hair falls out.

erectile dysfunction in men;
prevention of stress reactions.

Fine menstrual cycle should recover within a month after the abortion. If this does not happen, an urgent need to consult a doctor.

Normally, puberty in girls begins at 7-8 years old, and ends at 17-18. During this period, the most intensive growth and development of the whole organism as a whole occurs, secondary sexual characteristics are formed, a complex development of the female reproductive system occurs, which subsequently provides the possibility of normal conception. carrying and giving birth to children.

the appearance of stretch marks on the skin;

Effects

Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome indicates an overproduction of adrenal cortex hormones, so that it may be caused by neoplasms that secrete these hormones, or pituitary tumors that stimulate the synthesis of steroids in the adrenal glands.

fast fatiguability;

In addition, increased dryness of the skin is often observed. brittle nails, hair loss.

Often, pyometra can occur as a result of complications in childbirth, delayed afterbirth, or the presence of an unborn dead fetus inside the uterus.

Thus, hormonal disruptions in men can occur as a result of direct damage to the testicles (congenital anomalies, trauma, infectious inflammatory processes etc.) and in violation of the functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary system. Accordingly, a distinction is made between primary and secondary hypogonadism (primary and secondary insufficiency of the production of male sex hormones).

During childbirth you need to watch out for:

Risk factors for the development of PMS are exposure to stress and physical inactivity (living in large cities, intellectual work, a sedentary lifestyle), as well as unhealthy diet. chronic gynecological diseases and damage to the central nervous system (trauma, neuroinfection).

Amenorrhea

Pathological delay in puberty may be associated with severe genetic diseases (Shereshevsky-Turner disease) or pathology of the pituitary gland, the center of endocrine regulation.

What is hormonal imbalance in a dog. at the bitch. how does it manifest itself and how to treat it?

Hormonal disruption in women after childbirth

Estrogenism. Feminizing Syndrome ... Hypergonadotropism in dogs is almost always associated with elevated estrogen levels. In females, this is due to cystic or tumor degeneration of the ovaries, with cirrhosis of the liver; in males - with the development of sertolioma, prolonged estrogen therapy, liver cirrhosis.

If the reason is unrecoverable ( climacteric syndrome, primary hypogonadism), according to indications, hormone replacement therapy is prescribed.

Treatment of such diseases:

hormonal imbalance in dogs symptoms

And then the owner comes to the conclusion that the pet needs a magic ukolchik, about which a neighbor (friend, acquaintance or work colleague) told: "put it on, and that's it!"

nervous system symptoms (irritability, headache, fatigue, depression);

Amenorrhea of central origin can be caused by severe mental trauma, as well as physical exhaustion caused by prolonged illness or nutritional factors (prolonged fasting). In addition, direct damage to the hypothalamic-pituitary system is possible in trauma, infectious-inflammatory or oncological processes.

MAIN ENDOCRINOLOGICAL SYNDROMES

2. Migraine-like syndrome: severe headache, often accompanied by nausea and vomiting.

Anovulatory DMKs develop against the background of a gradually lengthening cycle and, once started, can drag on for 1-1.5 months. The mechanism of occurrence of ovulatory and anovulatory DMK is different, therefore, for adequate treatment is necessary laboratory diagnostics the state of the hormonal background.

Symptoms of hormonal disruption on the part of the reproductive system are a violation of the formation of secondary sexual characteristics (if we are talking about a teenager) or a weakening of their severity, as well as the appearance of signs characteristic of the opposite sex (the so-called masculinization in women or feminization in men). In addition, various disorders of sexual and reproductive function develop:

Of course, the clinical picture of hormonal disruption will greatly depend on gender, age and general condition the patient's body, as well as the cause hormonal disorders... However, one can single out the symptoms characteristic of all cases of hormonal imbalance.

feeling of own uselessness;

This section discusses the main endocrinological syndromes, taking into account their specific manifestations in the skin, which is important for practice. This division into basic syndromes, and not into particular diseases, was not made by chance, since there are a lot of individual disorders, the frequency of their occurrence is different, and the functional manifestations and treatment are often the same.

systemic osteoporosis complicated by bone fractures;

What is hormonal disruption?

Puberty

Dear Maxim Mikhailovich, we would like to ask you to express your opinion on the advisability of prescribing hormonal treatment.

In this case, the normal frequency of the menstrual cycle is disrupted, and there is a predisposition to malignant neoplasms of the endometrium. The ability to conceive and carry a child normally in women with DMC is reduced.

Hormonal disruptions in women and men of the reproductive period can often be corrected by the course administration of hormonal drugs, in cases where they are not caused by serious organic pathology.

Late symptoms of hormonal disruption in pathological menopause are signs gross violation metabolic processes. The most characteristic are systemic osteoporosis, disorders of lipid metabolism (atherosclerosis of blood vessels) and carbohydrate metabolism (decreased glucose tolerance, development of type II diabetes mellitus).

DMC in girls during puberty are called juvenile uterine bleeding (JUH). This pathology very often occurs, accounting for more than 20% of diseases in pediatric and adolescent gynecology.

Svetlana Vladimirovna, do dogs and cats really have hormonal disorders like humans?

infertility.

When signs of hormonal imbalance appear, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive medical examination, including all the necessary tests to determine the level of hormones, as well as a study of the condition internal organs who could suffer from hormonal imbalance (diagnosis of osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, diabetes, etc.).

mood lability with a tendency to depression;

How to treat hormonal imbalance in a cat

First aid

Hormonal research in animals

1. Neurosis-like disorders: irritability, tendency to depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance (sleepiness during the day and insomnia at night).

With pathological menopause in men, as well as in women, the symptoms of a violation of higher nervous activity come first:

In addition, it is necessary to exclude severe organic pathologies that often cause hormonal imbalance (hormone-producing tumors, severe lesions of the central nervous system, cirrhosis of the liver with gynecomastia, etc.).

hormonal disruption of the body.
fast fatiguability;

3. Late - occur five or more years after menopause.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a complex of cyclically manifested symptoms associated with a violation of the normal regulation of hormonal levels in the hypothalamus.

The early signs include the most characteristic symptom of hormonal disruption in menopause - the so-called hot flashes, which are bouts of heat, especially strongly felt in the face.

The development of pathological menopause in men is facilitated by past diseases of the central nervous system (traumatic brain injury, neuroinfection, intoxication), pathology of the endocrine system (obesity, thyroid disease), liver disease, unhealthy lifestyle (physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, alcohol abuse, smoking) ...

Of course, differential diagnosis should be carried out between various neuroendocrine disorders (primary or secondary hypogonadism, hormonal insufficiency or Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome, etc.).

These processes, as a rule, are most pronounced in relation to the mucous membranes of the female genital organs, and lead to the development of a complex of urogenital disorders (dryness of the vagina, lowering of its walls, soreness during intercourse, discomfort during urination, urinary incontinence), in severe cases, inflammatory processes occur (cystitis, vulvovaginitis).

2. No less alarming symptoms of hormonal imbalance are obesity. rapid weight gain, especially if there is no apparent reason. A person is able to "gain weight" against the background of many endocrine disorders.

Causes of endocrine abnormalities in cats

If weight loss with active appetite is accompanied by:

violation of sexual function, up to the loss of desire and ability to have a normal sex life;
low self-esteem;

Trust me, it's worth it.

Hormonal imbalance can be caused by a variety of reasons: both external (stress, unhealthy lifestyle, overeating, smoking, excessive drinking), and internal (diseases of the central nervous system, endocrine diseases, intoxication, severe liver or kidney damage). Therefore, the clinical picture will be complemented by signs of pathology that caused the hormonal disruption.

ZooForum: Cat's Harmonic Disruption - ZooForum

If in the post-lactation period, despite dietary restrictions and normal physical activity, the weight does not return to normal, a hormonal imbalance can be suspected.

However, physiological extinction of reproductive function is less common today than the so-called climacteric syndrome - a symptom complex caused by hormonal failure.

PMS gets its name from the time of onset: symptoms appear several days before the onset of menstruation, reaching a maximum on the first day menstrual bleeding, and disappear completely with the ending. However, in severe cases, the progression of PMS is observed - its duration increases, and the light gaps are reduced.

Delayed symptoms are associated with a lack of female hormones - estrogen. Estrogen deficiency causes degenerative lesions of the skin and its appendages.

Premenstrual syndrome is the most common form of hormonal imbalance in women of reproductive age.

Pyometra in a cat: symptoms and treatment

Hormones determine all biochemical processes in the body - growth, development, reproduction, metabolism. Being in the blood, they are carried to all organs and tissues, causing a certain biological effect. For the normal functioning of the body, a certain ratio of the level of hormones in the blood is important. The combined actions of hormones and the nervous system allow the body to work as a whole, thanks to the feedback mechanism of the corresponding organs.

decreased cognitive and creative abilities.

Today, the list of symptoms of hormonal disruption in PMS has exceeded 200 names, but psychoemotional disorders are most common. At the same time, depression is more typical for young women. and for the mature, irritability.

In addition, the general hormonal background is strongly influenced by endocrine glands not directly related to reproduction. This is especially true of the adrenal cortex and thyroid gland.

The question is simple, nevertheless, it has a global scale, is relevant for all times, all countries and peoples - where there are cats, there he also exists.

3. Hyperthyrhosis refers to an abnormal growth of hair on the human body. This phenomenon often indicates impaired functions of any sex gland or their complex; if we are talking about women, the increased "hairiness", most likely, indicates that the body produces in excess quantities the male sex hormone - testosterone.

At our forum, a situation has developed when we needed real - material assistance to our smaller brothers.

One of the groups of diseases that give a person great trouble are hormonal disorders. Such pathologies are most typical for the female body.

Hormonal disruption is one of the most frequent complications abortion. It is caused by both a serious mental shock and a disruption of a complex neuroendocrine restructuring of the body, which begins from the first weeks of pregnancy.

So all the factors of hormonal disruption in their origin can be divided into:

It is better for you to consult a dermatologist about skin problems. Many Pomeranians shed their hair during heat, but blackening of the skin and itching are signs of inflammation and an allergic reaction.

in severe cases, a reversible deterioration in cognitive and intellectual abilities.

Normal in men sexual function decreases gradually with age. However, this process is often accompanied by a number of pathological symptoms, the totality of which is called "menopausal syndrome in men."

What kind endocrine diseases most common?

In the endocrine system of the body, there are seven glands that secrete hormones that stimulate the work of other organs. Each gland has a specific function and is responsible for its own process. Diseases associated with the endocrine system usually occur when the gland begins to secrete an excessive amount of hormones or there is a lack of them.

symptoms of neurosis (headaches, irritability, drowsiness, etc.).

1. Amenorrhea of central genesis.

As a rule, after the feeding period, the weight gradually decreases as hormones return to normal.

In such cases, hormonal disruption occurs against the background of a nervous and physical exhaustion, and is accompanied by symptoms of bradycardia, hypotension. anemia.

If hormonal imbalance in men and women is not treated promptly and adequately, then serious consequences from many organs and systems are possible, such as:

The most common cause of ovarian amenorrhea is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). which can arise under the influence of stressful factors such as the onset of sexual activity, abortion, childbirth, etc. In addition to amenorrhea, the leading symptom of hormonal disruption in PCOS is obesity, reaching the second or third degree, as well as male-pattern hair growth (by upper lip, chin, on inner surface thighs). Very characteristic features also dystrophy of the skin and its appendages (stretch marks on the skin of the abdomen, chest and thighs; brittle nails, hair loss). In the future, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism disorders develop - a tendency to develop atherosclerosis and type II diabetes mellitus appears.

Such bleeding is usually profuse and leads to severe anemia. Sometimes YUMC are not abundant, but long (10-15 days).

Another specific feature of GSPPS is striae. which look like stripes of crimson or (less often) pink. These stripes are located transversely, their appearance is not associated with obesity (they are observed even in those rare cases when patients are not overweight), and indicates the activity of the process.

Our pets are no less susceptible to disease than their owners. Therefore, it is important to be able to recognize the hormonal imbalance in a dog; in this case, treatment may arrive in time. Even without a special veterinary education, you can see signs of a dangerous disease in a series of symptoms, which means that you should consult a doctor in time. In most cases, timely measures taken help to save the animal.

The mechanism of occurrence is distinguished:

When any of these signs are found, it is best to see a professional veterinarian. He will take the necessary tests, deliver accurate diagnosis and will give helpful advice... Thanks to timely assistance, hormonal imbalance in a dog can be detected in time, treatment and symptoms are predicted in accordance with this data.

Yes, this is not surprising: all mammals have endocrine glands, which work on the same principle as in humans, and secrete hormones. A large number of endocrine diseases have been found and described in animals.

Why are they only now talking about it? It seems that animals did not suffer from such diseases before.

Hormonal disruption - causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Other hormones are of little information.

Thank you in advance for your response.

The fact is that, despite all the differences in the structure of the reproductive system, hormonal disturbances cause in both men and women many similar symptoms that have a systemic manifestation (central nervous activity disorders, obesity, osteoporosis. Development serious diseases cardiovascular system, etc.).

Causes of hormonal imbalance in women and men

The cause of sexual development with latent virilization can be congenital disorders of the adrenal cortex or ovaries. due to genetic defects.

As a rule, hormonal disruption with HSSP develops between the ages of 11 and 13, immediately after the first menstrual period. Such girls often look full of health: tall, overweight, broad shoulders and hips. but appearance quite deceptive, since almost all patients have a number of disorders associated with the pathology of the autonomic nervous system. The instability of blood pressure with a tendency to hypertension is especially characteristic. frequent headaches. increased fatigue, irritability.

How do they manifest?

Good afternoon.

What to do?

Premature sexual development (PPD) in boys is usually associated with neoplasms of the hypothalamic-pituitary system. Constitutional early sexual development also occurs. With PPR, secondary sexual characteristics in boys appear before the age of 7-8 years, there is increased growth, which suddenly stops in adolescence due to premature ossification of bone growth zones.

Menopause is the period of decay of reproductive function. In women, it occurs after 45 years, and continues until the end of life. Irregular menstruation after the age of 45 is considered a physiological phenomenon if it does not lead to severe bleeding and are not accompanied by any unpleasant symptoms. It should be noted that for many women, the cessation of menstruation occurs suddenly and painlessly.

Oh, those cat "Wishlist"! More precisely, their lack of demand.

infertility;

1. Neuroendocrine disorders: premenstrual syndrome, pregnancy toxicosis and a history of dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

Symptoms and causes of hormonal disorders

The reasons for GSPPS have not been fully disclosed. Most often, chronic foci of infection (tonsillitis), craniocerebral trauma, emotional stress... There is evidence of the rapid development of hormonal disruption after an acute viral infection in children prone to chronic overeating.

Most women complain about increased sensitivity to odors and painful engorgement of the mammary glands. Often there are violations by various bodies and systems (pain in the heart, a slight increase in body temperature, itching of the skin, allergic manifestations).

Please, express your opinion on the objectivity of these prescriptions and whether it is possible to try to normalize the level of cortisol with non-hormonal drugs. Perhaps we need to do additional tests to clarify the diagnoses?

The gland that regulates metabolism and growth is called the thyroid gland and is located in the neck; the gland that controls blood sugar levels is called the pancreas and is located near small intestine... These two glands play a very important role in health. pet... In addition to them, there are also parathyroid glands, which are located next to the thyroid gland, their task is to regulate the production of calcium in the body. As for the adrenal glands, they produce adrenaline and cortisone, hormones that are necessary in stressful situations.

This kind of hormonal disruption most often occurs after 30 years, but it can also develop in young girls. The causes of PMS are not fully understood. Hereditary predisposition is of great importance (the family nature of the pathology is often traced). The provoking factors are often abortions, severe nervous shock, infectious diseases.

- Is it possible for a cat to put such a ukolchik, well, so that she does not ask for a cat? - from circulation to a veterinary clinic

Animals have a large number of endocrine (hormonal) diseases, therefore, the analysis of the level of hormones in the blood is an integral step in the diagnosis of these diseases. In addition to simply determining the concentration of hormones in the blood, special functional tests... Only a small number of hormonal diseases can be detected after determining the baseline level of the hormone in the blood of the animal. Special tests allow you to assess the function of a particular endocrine gland, inhibiting or stimulating its work with the help of special drugs. By determining the concentration of a hormone before and after the administration of the drug, one can draw conclusions about the insufficiency or hyperfunction of the gland.

Clinically, JMC is uterine bleeding that develops in girls during puberty (usually within 2 years after the first menstruation), after a delay in the next menstruation for a period of two weeks to several months.

Relatively often, especially in older dogs, the endocrine glands are disrupted. Diabetes mellitus, hormone-dependent hair loss, etc., appear. Unfortunately, in practice, doctors still misdiagnose them as vitamin deficiencies, although it is hardly possible to meet this kind of deficiency. Most endocrine diseases are characterized by the simultaneous development of dermatopathies, which serves as a sign for recognizing these disorders. The link between skin condition and endocrine gland dysfunction has now been scientifically proven. So, estrogens cause thinning of the epidermis, enrich it with pigment, inhibit the development and growth of wool. Androgens cause thickening of the epidermis, they reduce the formation, but not the growth of hair, activate the function sebaceous glands... The pituitary gland is involved in hair change, its adrenocorticotropic hormone inhibits the development of the coat. On the contrary, thyroid hormone stimulates this process. When diagnosing endocrine diseases, it is necessary to know and use these patterns, since in veterinary medicine, the determination of hormones in the blood is not carried out.

Depending on the presence of ovulation (the release of the egg from the follicle in the ovary), ovulatory and anovulatory DMC are distinguished. With ovulatory DMC, bleeding usually occurs after a delay in menstruation (6-8 weeks or more). At the same time, they often begin as moderate, but last a long time - sometimes increasing, then weakening.

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decreased libido, up to its complete extinction;

Sexual development with erased virilization is a pathological type of maturation, in which, along with female secondary sexual characteristics, some male characteristics arise (hair growth and skeletal development in a male pattern). This kind of hormonal imbalance is accompanied by metabolic symptoms such as obesity, youthful acne. the appearance of stretch marks (stretch marks, as in pregnancy).

Most of the estrogen in male body formed as a result of the transformation of testosterone in the liver and adipose tissue. Only a small percentage is synthesized directly in the gonads.

Before use, you must consult a specialist.

What exactly bothers you? Frequent estrus, lack of pregnancy, or skin?

tearfulness;

Pyometra in cats and is a purulent inflammation of the uterus. In most cases, the onset of the disease occurs in animals that have not been sterilized after reaching the age of more than five years. The reason diseases are:

Such hormonal disruption after childbirth can be triggered by various unfavorable factors: stress, acute infectious diseases, exacerbation of chronic somatic ailments, gynecological pathology, overwork.

heart interruptions;

Unfortunately, just like humans, cats have endocrine problems. They need to be identified in a timely manner, diagnosed and prescribed the correct treatment, otherwise the quality of life of the animal deteriorates significantly. What are the signs that you can tell if your pet has a hormonal imbalance?

The risk group for the development of pathological menopause includes women with the following pathologies:

Severe repeated bleeding can be complicated by an imbalance between the blood coagulation and anticoagulant systems (DIC syndrome), against the background of which bleeding intensifies even more - this condition poses an immediate threat to life and requires emergency medical attention.

The general symptoms of hormonal imbalance can be roughly divided into signs of inadequate functioning of the genital area, a clinical picture of impaired activity of the central nervous system and symptoms of metabolic pathology.

Other early symptoms of pathological menopause are in many ways similar to signs of hormonal disruption in premenstrual syndrome: psychoemotional disorders (irritability, depression, increased fatigue), vegetative-vascular pathology (palpitations, lability of blood pressure, pain in the heart), headaches resembling migraine.

Delayed puberty (PPD) is spoken of in cases where secondary sexual characteristics do not appear until the age of 16-17 years. Most often, delayed puberty is constitutional. In such cases, a girl's first menstruation occurs at the age of 17-18. At the same age, secondary sexual characteristics develop, and in the future, the reproductive and endocrine systems function normally, providing the opportunity for sexual activity and the birth of children.

The causes of hormonal disruptions in pathological menopause are not fully understood. However, the significance of hereditary predisposition has been proven. As provoking factors, stress, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, bad habits (smoking, frequent alcohol abuse) are emitted.

Thus, it is necessary to consult a doctor in cases when the following symptoms are observed after childbirth and the end of the lactation period:

correct daily routine;

2. Causes due to the pathology of peripheral glands (infectious and inflammatory diseases, congenital hypoplasia (underdevelopment), tumors, trauma, etc.).

hormonal imbalance in a cat treatment

dosed physical activity;

Common symptoms of hormonal imbalance

Everyone has it differently. For example, some bitches cannot get pregnant from any male after mating. Frequent estrus up to 4-5 times a year or lack thereof. Obesity, or vice versa, excessive thinness. There are many signs, since hormonal disruption is not necessarily due to sex hormones, but also to the thyroid gland, pancreas, etc.

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding in women of reproductive age occurs, most often, due to hormonal disruption caused by nervous or mental stress, infectious diseases, abortion, etc.

Another characteristic symptom of pathological menopause in men is a sharp decrease in sexual function, which is accompanied by disturbances from genitourinary system(painful urination, urinary incontinence, etc.).

In cases where it is possible to radically eliminate the cause of the hormonal failure (hormone-producing tumor), etiological treatment is carried out.

2. Pathological PSP may be of central origin or associated with hormone-producing ovarian tumors. PPS of central origin is usually caused by tumors of the pituitary-hypothalamic system.

Hormonal disruptions leading to sexual development with erased virilization

Signs of hormonal imbalance in women during menopause

2. Diseases of the central nervous system: neuroinfections, neuroses, mental illnesses.

What is hormonal disruption?

Puberty retardation (DPD) in boys is said to be when development is delayed by more than two years compared to the average. Hormonal failure in such cases is most often associated with damage to the central nervous system (trauma, infection, intoxication, etc.), endocrine pathology(obesity, thyroid pathology) or severe chronic diseases leading to general depletion of the body.

Amenorrhea can also be one of the manifestations of Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome. In such cases, hormonal imbalance leads to severe damage to many organs and systems. Patients have a very specific appearance: cushingoid obesity (moon-shaped crimson-red face, fat deposits on the neck and upper half of the body with atrophy of the muscles of the extremities), male-pattern hair growth, purple striae on the body. In addition, arterial hypertension and osteoporosis are characteristic, and glucose tolerance is reduced.

loss of appetite and many others.

Conventionally, all PMS symptoms can be divided into several groups:

Sustained-release hormonal contraceptives

Hormonal Disorders in Dogs and Cats

an irregular menstrual cycle that smears bleeding between periods;

Treatment with hormonal drugs only when an excess or deficiency of HORMONE is established.

Preventive measures the prevention is to sterilize the animal, preferably at the age of 8 months to 1.5 years. If the animal is intended for breeding or bringing offspring for the home, it should be used sedatives on a herbal basis, completely excluding hormonal drugs, the action of which is aimed at suppressing estrus.

Cats and dogs have endocrine glands (pituitary gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, thyroid and parathyroid glands, sex glands, etc.), which work on the same principle as in humans, they secrete biologically specific active substances- hormones. These substances act in very small quantities on certain organs or cells, having a huge effect on the entire body.

Hormonal disruption is a violation of the hormonal background in the body. It can manifest itself in very different ways: symmetrical baldness of the hind legs, sides of the dog, frequent estrus, or their absence for a long time, prolonged and abundant estrus, false pregnancies, etc., etc. But only a doctor can determine for sure that this is a hormonal disorder, and not allergic dermatitis (for example), and even more so, prescribe treatment.

Hormonal disruption is manifested by symptoms characteristic of relative hyperestrogenemia: the mammary glands are enlarged, there is a rapid weight gain with body fat. female type(on the abdomen, thighs, chest), often the type of pubic hair growth resembles a woman's, the growth of hair on the face and body stops or weakens.

healthy eating;

When making a diagnosis of CRD, it is necessary to carry out differential diagnosis with hypogonadism (primary or secondary), and also take into account the possibility of constitutional MR (hereditary features of development in healthy children).

However, the most common hormonal malfunction of central origin is the hypothalamic syndrome of puberty (HSPPS).

I can say from my own research that hypothyroidism, Cushing's syndrome, diabetes insipidus, type 1 diabetes mellitus, polycystic ovary disease are most common in dogs. In cats, hormonal disturbances are generally less common than in dogs, but non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus is in the lead.

increased body weight;
sleep disorders;
drowsiness;

1. The reasons associated with violations of central regulation.

Signs of hormonal imbalance in women of reproductive age

panic attacks;

Then chemical melee weapons are used - Ex, Stop-sex, Sex-barrier, Countersex and other "contrasts" - pills or drops that interrupt estrus. Alas, all of them are of short-term action, or "they used to help, but now they don't." Something more efficient is clearly required.

Treatment of hormonal imbalance

The most common endocrine disorder is diabetes mellitus. This disease occurs due to a lack of the hormone insulin, as a result of which glucose (sugar) is retained in the blood, excreted with urine, and the cells in the body do not receive the necessary nutrition. As a result of the studies, it was revealed that females after 5 years of age who are overweight and obese most often suffer from this disease. The first signs of diabetes are increased appetite and constant thirst, and frequent urination... Due to the fact that the eyes of the animal need the hormone insulin as well as other organs, the dog may develop cataracts after a while, which is another alarming symptom of the progression of the disease. If you do not start treatment on time, next stages will depressive state animal, loss of appetite and vomiting.

In fact, these diseases have always existed. However, they were practically not registered before. There was no knowledge, experience, and there were much fewer animals in the city. Indeed, more recently, veterinarians have realized that it is necessary to learn how to diagnose and treat hormonal diseases. Scientific research in this direction has been carried out abroad for many years.

signs of virilization (male-pattern hair growth);

4. Symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia (lability of pulse and blood pressure, flatulence).

2. Amenorrhea associated with dysfunction of the adrenal cortex.

The general announcement contains the contacts of those with whom we constantly contact and we guarantee their honesty.

In cases where secondary sexual characteristics begin to appear earlier than 7-8 years old, they speak of premature puberty. In such girls, menstruation begins early (cases of the first menarche are described at 4 years old), the mammary glands enlarge, and a female body type is formed. The growth of the body is accelerating, but such girls are rarely taller than 150-152 cm, since as a result of premature puberty, the growth zones of the bones ossify in adolescence.

Hormonal disruptions leading to untimely puberty

One of the main symptoms of metabolic disorders with hormonal imbalance is an increase in body weight. So a sharp weight gain accompanying violations in the genital area is always suspicious of neuroendocrine disorders. Another characteristic symptom of hormonal imbalance is the development of osteoporosis (bone loss) due to impaired calcium metabolism in the body.

4. Often the causes of hormonal disorders can lie in the pathology of the combined structure of the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus (hypothalamic-pituitary system). Outwardly, this manifests itself in the form of stretch marks - stretch marks on the body of a characteristic crimson color. This is a dangerous symptom because pathological process the adrenal glands may be involved.

Hormonal Disorders in a Dog

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It is known that the owners of "yard" cats often resort to sterilization of their pets, as there are often problems with the sale of outbred kittens. It's a different matter when the cat is purebred. Any diseases of the reproductive system in this case are fraught with serious financial losses. Especially in this regard, endometriosis in cats is dangerous, in many cases fraught with a complete loss of the animal's ability to give birth to kittens.

In general, cats do not have such a disease. Paradox? No, it's just that there is confusion with medical and veterinary terms. In human medicine, "endometriosis" is a severe pathology in which epithelial cells of the uterus "take root" on the walls fallopian tubes, in the ureters and bladder, as well as on the surface of the external genital organs. All this leads to severe hormonal disorders and dramatically increases the likelihood of developing gynecological infections.

It is possible that it is for this reason that feline pyometra suddenly became "endometriosis", although these pathologies have little in common. The main reason why some veterinarians combine these diseases is a serious violation of the hormonal background of a sick animal. We repeat once again that cases of "canonical" endometriosis among cats have never been identified to this day, and therefore the use of this term is largely erroneous.

Predisposing factors

So what is it? This is the name of the accumulation of pus and decay products in the uterine cavity. What are the reasons for such an unpleasant pathology? They are quite complex. Under normal conditions, the uterine cavity is absolutely sterile and impenetrable even for lymphocytes. When a cat is in heat, the cervix opens slightly, the same thing happens during childbirth, which is logical. But if this physiological process some kind of "error" has crept in (for example, a persistent corpus luteum), the neck remains open, and pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora can enter the organ cavity.

The situation is worsened by the fact that, under the influence of hormones, the endothelial membrane of the uterus undergoes hyperplasia (that is, it grows) and begins to secrete a large volume of liquid secretion, which becomes an ideal environment for the development of bacteria. In addition, the progesterone released during this process blocks the contractility of the muscular membrane of the organ, as a result of which the contents accumulated in the uterus cannot be evacuated in a natural way.

can be found in any cat, in which the ovaries have not been removed, however, the overwhelming majority of cases refer to animals over five years of age. This pathology is almost guaranteed to develop if, due to some hormonal disruption, it lasts more than 30-45 days. So if you notice inadequately long hunting in your pet, take her to the veterinarian immediately.

Clinical signs and therapy

Usually, pathology develops quickly enough, but in some cases it may take several weeks or months before the first clinical signs appear. We draw your attention to the fact that even a sick animal can be in heat, and the discharge is not always cloudy.

Text Pets:

Some people believe that the cat's body is rather primitive compared to the human. In fact, the cat also has a complex endocrine system, and sometimes these cute animals can have hormonal disruptions. How to identify them, how are they dangerous, and most importantly - how to treat a cat whose hormones "rebelled"? Unfortunately, just like humans, cats have endocrine problems. They need to be identified in a timely manner, diagnosed and prescribed the correct treatment, otherwise the quality of life of the animal deteriorates significantly. What are the signs that you can tell if your pet has a hormonal imbalance?

Symptoms of hormonal imbalance in a cat

Causes of endocrine abnormalities in cats

Long-term overfeeding of the animal can become the cause of diabetes mellitus. Problem number 1, which leads to deviations in the endocrine system of the animal's body, have been and remain hormonal drugs that many owners give to their cats during their sexual estrus. Such drugs cause great harm to the animal and can even lead to cancer. If you do not plan to breed cats, and your pet is not a purebred breeding animal, it is much more humane to sterilize it, rather than stuff it with pills and drops.

If the veterinarian concluded that the cat lacks some natural hormone - diagnosed with hypothyroidism - then competent replacement therapy guarantees a long life for your pet. Most often, the cat is assigned a lifelong intake of hormonal drugs, on which its well-being depends. The rest of the animal can be called almost completely healthy.

If the cat has insulin-dependent diabetes, then it is prescribed daily injections of insulin in the dosage selected by the veterinarian.
In the event that the disease has gone far and the cat has developed tumors - most often they occur on the mammary glands and ovaries - it is shown surgical treatment... Simultaneously with the operation to remove neoplasms, the animal is sterilized. In most cases, recurrence of endocrinological disease does not occur.

If an animal with some pathology in the endocrine system receives the correct doses of the necessary drugs in a timely manner and is under the supervision of a competent specialist, then it is highly likely to live a long and happy life.

Based on materials from the site www.merckmanuals.com

Hormones are chemical "messengers" who do a lot different functions... Hormone activity has many different effects in cats. Well-known hormones include, for example, insulin, which plays an important role in the development of diabetes, or estrogen and progesterone, which are involved in the female reproductive cycle.

The endocrine system of the cat consists of a group of organs that supply hormones to the circulatory system, which are then carried to various parts of the body. Most organs are glands(such as the thyroid gland), secreting hormones directly into small blood vessels and surrounding tissues. Some important hormones are not produced by glands, but by organs such as the heart, kidneys and liver. Some hormones affect only a certain organ, others affect almost every cell in the body. Hormones are present in the blood in very small amounts, therefore lab tests that measure hormone levels must be very sensitive.

Development of diseases of the endocrine system in cats.

The cat's body monitors and regulates hormone levels using a feedback system specific to each hormone. Hormones function, for example, to maintain parameters such as temperature and blood sugar (glucose) levels within certain ranges. Sometimes hormones that perform opposite tasks work in pairs to maintain a balance of body functions.

Diseases of the endocrine system can develop if the body produces too much or, conversely, not enough hormones, as well as if normal way using or removing hormones. Symptoms appear because of problems in the organs that produce hormones, or because of problems in other parts of the body that affect the secretion or action of a particular hormone.

Tumors or other abnormalities in the endocrine glands often lead to increased production of the corresponding hormones. Diseases caused by overproduction of hormones often begin with the prefix hyper... For example, hyperthyroidism is a disease in which the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormones. When the endocrine glands are damaged, the production of hormones becomes insufficient. Diseases caused by a lack or a lack of hormones often have names starting with the prefix hypo... For example, hypothyroidism, in which the thyroid gland of a cat does not make enough thyroid hormones.

In many cases, disturbances in the glands do not lead to the actual overproduction of hormones, but interfere with the normal reaction of the glands to the response signals of the body. This can cause the release of hormones in situations in which it is normally required to reduce their production. Sometimes the overproduction is caused by stimulation of the glands from other parts of the cat's body. In some cases, tumors in organs outside the endocrine system can lead to the production of substances like hormones, causing the body to react in the same way as to the effects of this hormone.

Diseases that result in insufficient hormone secretion can also occur for a variety of reasons. The organs of the endocrine system of a cat can be damaged by autoimmune processes when the body incorrectly identifies some tissues of its own body as foreign and begins to destroy their cells. In the early stages, the body compensates for the loss of cells by producing additional hormones from the remaining cells. In such cases, signs of the disease may not be observed until the organ has been largely destroyed.

Disorders that may result in signs of decreased endocrine activity can also develop due to the fact that the disorders affect tissues far from the source of hormones. This can occur when the functions of one hormone stimulate the production of a second hormone. For example, the pituitary gland secretes a hormone that stimulates the secretion of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland. If the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormones in the pituitary gland are insufficient, the levels of thyroid hormones will also be low, even if the thyroid gland is healthy. Another potential cause decline endocrine functions there may be tissue loss caused by tumors that do not produce hormones themselves, but compress or destroy nearby endocrine glands.

Endocrine diseases and comorbid disorders can also develop as a result of changes in response to hormones. A prime example is type 2 diabetes, in which the body produces insulin, but the cells do not respond to it. This disease is often accompanied by obesity.

Treatment of endocrine system diseases in cats.

Hormonal diseases caused by overproduction of hubbubs can be treated surgical methods(for example, removal of tumors), radiotherapy(for example, using radioactive iodine to destroy an overactive thyroid gland) and drugs... Hormone deficiency syndromes can often be treated by compensating for the lack of hormones (for example, insulin injections for diabetes). Medications containing steroid and thyroid hormones can be given orally to the cat.

Cats undergoing hormone replacement therapy should be monitored regularly to rule out side effects and periodically checked to evaluate treatment results and adjust medication dosage. In some cases, such as surgical removal endocrine tumors, disturbances in the work of the glands stop, and hormonal therapy becomes unnecessary. However, in most cases, the cat needs lifelong treatment.

Endocrine disorders are relatively rare in cats. However, there are a few of the most common ones:

Diabetes

Hyperthyroidism

Obesity

Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome

Hypothyroidism

Diabetes

It is characterized by a violation of carbohydrate metabolism caused by insufficient production of the pancreatic hormone - insulin.

Diabetes Is the most common endocrine disease in cats. The saddest thing is that by the time obvious symptoms appear, the disease often progresses, sometimes to such an extent that all insulin reserves in the body are already depleted.

What happens in diabetes mellitus?

The formation of carbohydrates is increased, and their absorption by the cells of the body is impaired, which leads to an increase in the sugar content in the blood and tissues, and this, in turn, causes the destruction of pancreatic cells and a decrease in the production of insulin. Thus, a vicious circle is created that aggravates the course of the disease. All these changes lead to increased breakdown of proteins and a decrease in their synthesis. Not only carbohydrate and protein metabolism, but also fatty, water and mineral.

The reasons that can give an impetus to the development of the disease are as follows: metabolic disorders, any infectious processes, trauma to the pancreas or changes in it - inflammation, atrophy (decrease in size and dysfunction), sclerosis (replacement of the glandular connective tissue), hereditary predisposition.

Symptoms As a rule, the first signs of the disease appear a month and a half before bright clinical manifestations diabetes mellitus - the cat consumes a lot of fluids, urination becomes more frequent, the amount of daily urine increases. It is characteristic that urine does not have its own specific smell, it becomes lighter. As the disease progresses, the animal's state of health sharply worsens: the cat refuses to eat, the general condition is depressed, asthenia develops. Occasionally, there is a single vomiting, but it can become more frequent if you continue to try to feed the animal. At this stage of the disease, the smell of acetone appears from the mouth.

Treatment.

Drugs that lower blood sugar are prescribed:

be found short, medium, long-acting insulin;

medicines for oral administration;

The choice of the drug, its dosage, method and frequency of administration depends on the general condition of the animal and the level of sugar in the blood.

Hyperthyroidism

Characterized enhanced function thyroid gland. It is the second most common endocrine disorder in cats.

Cats of all breeds, both females and males, and at any age can get hyperthyroidism. However, the most susceptible to this disease are animals on average older than 9-10 years. It has been noticed that Siamese and Himalayan cat breeds are less prone to hyperthyroidism.

What Happens With Hyperthyroidism?

The main function of thyroid hormones is to regulate metabolism (the speed of cells) in the body, and their excessive production leads to the fact that all processes in organs and tissues occur faster.

Causes. The most common is adenoma ( benign tumor thyroid gland). Less commonly, adenocarcinoma ( malignant tumor). An important role in the development of the disease is played increased content iodine in feed, certain habitats, harmful effects of insecticides, herbicides, fertilizers.

Symptoms The animal loses weight despite eating well. A cat may partially lose hair, it drinks a lot, and strives to be in cool places. The animal is overly active, but at the same time gets tired quickly. There is an increase in the amount of daily urine, sometimes diarrhea and / or vomiting appears.

Treatment is carried out in three directions:

surgical removal of the thyroid gland;

prescribing drugs that block excess production of thyroxine (thyroid hormone);

treatment radioactive iodine- a drug that accumulates in thyroid gland and destroys tissue with increased function;

Obesity

Quite widespread among cats, about 40% of pets suffer from it. The disease is characterized by excess fat deposition. Persian and British cats are most prone to obesity.

The causes of obesity are numerous. First of all, they lie in the improper diet of the animal, the passion for treats with a sedentary lifestyle. In second place are any endocrine disorders (hypothyroidism, changes in hormonal levels after castration or sterilization), chronic diseases (arthritis), taking certain medications (glucocorticoids). In addition, there are predisposing factors - old age, stressful situations, heredity.

Symptoms generally depend on the degree of obesity. However, most often the disease manifests itself as follows:

the animal has a sagging belly, a characteristic waddling gait, pronounced fat deposits on the hips are visible;

the cat is lethargic and drowsy, it is difficult for her to jump;

Treatment includes eliminating the cause that led to the development of obesity, prescribing a balanced diet (reducing the amount of servings and the amount of carbohydrates, excluding fats) and increasing energy expenditure by increasing physical activity.

Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome

It is characterized by increased function of the adrenal cortex. The prevalence in cats is low.

The disease proceeds in the form of two syndromes - primary (the pathological process develops in the adrenal cortex) and secondary (the function of the brain structures that control the work of the adrenal cortex is disrupted). The last option is the most common.

Causes, for which Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome can develop, are not so numerous, they include damage to the adrenal cortex and the hypothalamic-pituitary system (it controls the production of hormones by the adrenal cortex and is located in the brain). These can be tumors (adenoma), trauma. In addition, the impetus for the development of the disease can be given by the intake of certain medications, for example, glucocorticoids.

Symptoms... Redistribution of fat occurs - excessive deposition of adipose tissue in certain places (belly). The skin is dry to the touch, can be easily injured, and has areas of hyperpigmentation. Muscle tone decreases, hair falls out. The animal has increased thirst and increased urination. The cat has a hard time tolerating physical activity.

Treatment carried out in two directions: 1) surgical removal of the tumor; 2) the appointment of drugs that suppress excess adrenal function.

Hypothyroidism

Disease of the thyroid gland, characterized by a decrease in its function. It is extremely rare in cats. With hypothyroidism, all metabolic processes in the body slow down.

Causes. The most common cause is removal of the thyroid gland or radiation therapy about hyperthyroidism. In addition, hypothyroidism can be caused by insufficient intake of iodine in the body with food. Sometimes the disease is congenital - there is an underdevelopment of the thyroid gland, or congenital insufficient production of thyroxine

Symptoms varied, appear gradually. A sick animal becomes lethargic, drowsy, gets tired quickly. Due to the fact that metabolic processes are slowed down (heat transfer exceeds heat production), the body temperature of the cat decreases, it is constantly looking for warmer places. As the disease progresses, the animal's coat grows dull and falls out on almost the entire surface of the skin (alopecia totalis). Skin integument they become cold and compacted to the touch, and edematous in appearance. The animal is gaining weight.

Treatment consists in the appointment of medications containing thyroid hormone.