Clinical features infantile cerebral palsy
The term "cerebral palsy" encompasses a number of syndromes that arise from brain damage. Cerebral palsy develops as a result of damage to the head and spinal cord, from different reasons on early stages intrauterine development fetus and childbirth. The main clinical symptom is a violation of motor function associated with developmental delay and abnormal development of statokinetic reflexes, pathology of tone, paresis. In addition to disorders in the central nervous system, changes in the nervous and muscle fibers, joints, ligaments, cartilage.
Bromberg emphasizes that the experience of loss loved one and the feeling of this impact in the reorganization of life after the death of this person should not be considered only individually, but also in relation to the family group. And given the family life cycle, death has different meaning for each of its members, as well as for each of the specific phases of this group. Let the dead figure be a father, mother, young child or teenager: death in the family is both an individual and a group topic.
All that parents feel is part of the pain for the loss of a child going through this moment of anticipatory mourning with different perspectives, but made possible by the anguish. Existence is determined by possibilities, and finitude is one of them. Man is a being of possibilities realized within the limits of existential temporality and denoted by the interval between finite and infinite.
To the main symptom of cerebral palsy- movement disorders - in most cases, disorders of the psyche, speech, vision, hearing and others are added. Some children have seizures.
Reasons for the development of cerebral palsy
The reasons for the development of cerebral palsy are diverse. It is customary to distinguish prenatal, perinatal and postnatal adverse factors related to its origin. In practice, most often there are combinations of such factors acting on different stages development.
Man is an existing being, because it is essentially associated with time, it meets in the possibilities of the present, past and future, which correspond to feeling, understanding and discourse. In second place, knowledge of the diagnosis made the mother lose her understanding of time, and it is necessary to rethink her lifestyle.
With death, a person conquers his whole life and receives the awareness of his submission to death through melancholy, which is another fundamental disposition of being. Temporality is an ontological basis that stems from and only from Dasein's existence, with her structures articulated in withdrawal that become existentially acceptable.
Prenatal factors. Usually there are 3 groups of these factors: the state of health of the mother; deviations during pregnancy; factors that disrupt the development of the fetus.
On defeat of cardio-vascular system the mother may develop metabolic acidosis, causing oxygen deficiency of the fetus, which, in turn, is complicated by asphyxiation during childbirth.
For the temporary it is time, this is the closest experience of our existence. In the fifth episode, time is experienced relatively and in accordance with the attribution of new meanings that the mother aims at Ben's future, helping him meet death without fear and without pain, allowing him to gamble on his own future.
The concept of temporality extends both in relation to the past and to the future with amplitude or limitations. In the third scene, while waiting another year for Ben to live, the mother saves the special dates of the past by confirming the future in the present. The present compresses the past, and the latter awaits the future.
Unfavorable importance in the development of cerebral palsy is intrauterine infection rubella virus is especially isolated. The clinical manifestation of pathology in congenital rubella may be the occurrence of spastic paresis.
Perinatal factors. These factors include: birth asphyxia; birth injury.
Postnatal factors. At the postnatal stage, the following reasons deviations: injuries; infections; intoxication; oxygen deficiency; neoplasms and other acquired abnormalities in the brain.
The future is expectation, the past is considered the return of what was possible, and the present is the moment of decision making. The finiteness of the future is revealed when we associate the structure of the being with death and approach the individualizer. Thus, the finiteness of the future shows that the way a person comes to individuation is to exist in negative possibilities. In the sixth scene, the father sees the implantation of a Hickman catheter in Ben as an opportunity for healing and does not accept this son's illness or death; the mother, in turn, realizes that this procedure will not bring healing or miracle, and she will have to help Ben in this painful process.
Structural changes in the brain in children with cerebral palsy are divided into 2 groups:
Nonspecific changes in the cells themselves;
Changes associated with impaired brain development, i.e. with dysontogenesis.
There is a connection between the severity of the disturbance of the cerebral cortex and clinical manifestations. movement disorders. Pathological changes brain in children with various forms of cerebral palsy by the method computed tomography were installed in 68% of cases.
Parents individually assigned values for anticipatory mourning for the loss of a child, depending on the time and way of existence of each child; as can be seen in the first scene in parents, it helps the child to feel finitude and what it means for the parents to have an attitude to understanding, so that they strive to “perceive living reality” based on the attitude “to be with the world”.
According to Heidegger, the nature of expectations contributes to the unity of temporality, allows us to present time as original and finite, and is responsible for the disclosure of being, for temporal time, and in this movement the parents anticipated the death of the child. The expectation of death shows Dasein that he is lost in the impersonal, leads him to the opportunity to be himself without the main support of busy busy, but to be in passionate freedom, free from the illusions of impersonal-factual freedom, some of himself and driven by longing.
Forms of cerebral palsy
In the world literature, more than twenty classifications of cerebral palsy have been proposed. They are based on etiological characteristics, nature clinical manifestations, pathogenetic features. In the domestic clinical practice most often used is the classification of K.A. Semyonova, developed in 1968, which includes the author's own data and elements of the classification of D.S.
In the selected scenes, although the parents experienced various forms anticipatory mourning through each of their peculiarities, they both plunged into a strong melancholy, which led them to the "basic state of limb" and to the death of loved ones and death itself. Fear represents self-awareness, the relevance of time, the finiteness of human existence and is experienced as freedom for it own death, "Readiness for" in continuous "associated" with his own death.
According to Wattimo, the expectation of death "is rather equated with the acceptance of all other possibilities inherently pure possibilities." Thinking about the possibility of death, whether from ourselves or from another, causes anguish, suffering and a feeling of powerlessness in the face of a situation that cannot be changed. Most people who face a diagnosis chronic illness and have certain death, tend to seek religious support.
According to this classification, there are five main forms of cerebral palsy: double hemiplegia; spastic dynlegia; geminarstic form; hyperkinetic form; atonic-astatic form. In practice, a mixed form of cerebral palsy is also distinguished.
Double hemiplegia. Double hemiplegia is the most severe form of cerebral palsy, which occurs with significant brain damage during intrauterine life. All broken essential functions: motor, mental, speech.
According to Morais, the idea of death refers to certain elements, including the knowledge of fate that man is the only animal that is aware of its own finitude; feeling lonely; dismantling of affective networks and personal relationships; possible suffering associated with the dying process; fear of the unknown and possible absence something later; death, conceived as a meaningless tunnel that would not be human anywhere. According to Morais's definitions, we can relate this awareness to the first scene, when Ben's mother realizes the possibility of her son's finality, referring to death as an experience of a process that is frightening and lonely and painful, showing concern about the possible loneliness that a son would feel if a child who needed parents, and therefore they had to help him as much as possible in this process of death.
The functions of the arms and legs are practically absent. Muscle rigidity always predominates, intensifying under the influence of persisting intense tonic reflexes (cervical and labyrinthine). Because of increased activity tonic reflexes, a child in a prone or back position has pronounced flexion or extension postures.
When faced with its limb, the creature can take two positions: acceptance or distraction. The first is endowed with an authentic character, a sense of completeness and fulfillment of meaning, and the second is lost in the phenomenon of deconcentration and alienation to a clear and undeniable certainty.
From scenes eight and ten, one can observe what Heidegger defines as "being" in the face of a limb. In this case, it is different for the father and mother. The father demonstrates that he was distracted by questioning what was true, deconcentrating from the reality of the facts, experiencing only the problems that the disease brought and canceled the medical notes. They cite their impotence in the face of the severity of Ben's illness.
The mental development of children is usually at the level of moderate to severe mental retardation. No speech: anarthria or severe dysarthria.
Forecast of further development of motor, speech and mental functions extremely unfavorable: the diagnosis "double hemiplegia" indicates the complete disability of the child.
On the contrary, Ben's mother takes a confessing pose in the face of her son's illness, trying to understand the remaining time of her existence. He knew that the healing of his son was impossible, but that he had to help him in the process of death. Heidegger believes that, faced with the possibility of death, a person must go with freedom and be aware of its end, and not the intention to paint death, but rather embrace it consciously and in complete freedom in order to live an authentic form. Ben's mother in Episode 5 talks about the possibility that the child is dying to give her the opportunity to find meaning for this "short journey" in which he will live, trying to find a way to validate every day of the child's existence.
Spastic diplegia. Spastic diplegia is the most common form of cerebral palsy and is known as Little's disease (or syndrome). By prevalence movement disorders spastic dynlegia is tetranaresis (i.e., the arms and legs are affected), but lower limbs are affected to a much greater extent.
What characterizes the flour referent is that the threat cannot be found. To be before death causes melancholy. Father Ben, on stage ten, is sick, has an anxiety crisis and ends up arguing with his mother. According to Heidegger, this scene may be related to physical symptoms caused by longing. The speeches of this scene express confidence in the finiteness, but there is the instability of Ben's illness and the father's hopes for something vague. He believes in the possibility of his son's healing, even with confidence in Ben's finiteness as he faces an unknown territory of death.
Children with spastic diplegia often have secondary delay mental development, which can be eliminated by 6-8 years of age if treatment is started early and correctly carried out; 30-35% of children with spastic diplegia suffer mental retardation v mild... 70% have speech disorders in the form of dysarthria.
Such torment, born of death, creates expectations and creates theories, theology, science, religion, which demonstrate the timelessness of his arrival and the unpredictability of his attacks; makes death something that crosses theories and puts us on the threshold of our emotions and feelings.
Faced with death and the anguish that it engenders, religiosity can be inserted as a support that sustains existence and that can provide explanations, often blaming a higher being for any event in life. In the fourth quarter, after Ben's diagnosis, the parents talk and the mother asks why the child contracted the disease. The Father ascribes to this higher one to be the power to heal him, even if he should give a miracle. With this one can observe the question of religiosity as a help and support for the experience of longing in the face of finitude.
The severity of speech, mental and movement disorders varies widely and is usually associated with the time and severity of harmful factors. Depending on the severity of brain damage already in the neonatal period, congenital motor reflexes are poorly expressed or do not appear at all: protective, crawling, support, step movements of the newborn, etc. the basis on the basis of which the setting reflexes are formed is broken. The grasp reflex is most often, on the contrary, enhanced, as are the tonic reflexes: cervical and labyrinth. Moreover, the degree of their severity can increase by 2-4 months of life.
In religious literature, we find many explanations that intertwine and seek to combine the most differentiated positions regarding life and death. Topics such as forgiveness, eternal life, deliverance, and faith are directly related to research into the religious development of mourning.
The problem of religiosity is very pervasive, as there are many beliefs and theories that make it possible to use different ways solutions to the problem of life and its hardships. In the seventh line, Ben's mother reflects on the meaning of death for her. He believes that, based on his religion, "death is not the end, there is only a thin veil separating this life from the next," therefore, it is believed that the theory presents religiosity as a support and responsibility for explaining death or chronic illness as well as offer solutions and support the experience of such situations.
Prognostically spastic diplegia is a favorable form of the disease in terms of overcoming mental and speech disorders and less favorable in terms of the formation of locomotions. A child suffering from spastic diplegia can learn to take care of himself, write, master a number of work skills.
Hemiparetic form. The geminaretic form of the disease is characterized by unilateral damage to the arm and leg. In 80% of cases, it develops in a child in the early postnatal period, when due to injuries, infections, etc. the forming pyramidal pathways of the brain are affected. With this form, one side of the body is affected: the left with a right-sided brain damage and the right with a left-sided one. With this form of cerebral palsy, it is usually more severely affected upper limb... Right-sided hemiparesis is more common than left-sided. 25-35% of children have mild degree mental retardation, in 45-50% - secondary mental retardation, overcome with timely started rehabilitation therapy. Speech disorders observed in 20-35% of children.
For some religions, death is associated with salvation and an encounter with the divine; for others it is associated with images, hope and eternal life... Religious support requires a chronic illness such as finding a spiritual provider. Faced with a diagnosis chronic illness and the possibility of finitude, in regards to religiosity, some people may rebel, feel disillusioned with the higher self, while others may seek to strengthen their convictions and faith.
However, the search for religiosity serves as support and encouragement to experience the experience of chronic illness and limb possibility with the participation of the affected person and their relatives. Father Ben, for the eighth time, explicitly portrays the experience of religion as a prop for the painful experience of his son's death. He asks for advice from the present church bishop. He tells her that the father should accompany the child until the moment of death, encouraging him to strengthen him to experience his son dying.
After the birth of a child with such form of cerebral palsy all congenital motor reflexes are formed. However, already in the first weeks of life, it is possible to reveal the limitation of spontaneous movements and high tendon reflexes in the affected limbs; support reflex, step movements, crawling are less pronounced in the paretic leg. The grasp reflex is less pronounced in the affected arm. The child begins to sit on time or with a slight delay, while the posture turns out to be asymmetric, which can lead to scoliosis.
Manifestations of hemiparesis are formed, as a rule, by 6-10 months of a child's life, which gradually increase.
Starting from 2-3 years, the main symptoms of the disease do not progress, they are in many ways similar to those observed in adults.
Hyperkinetic form. In the neurological status of these patients, gyneerkinesis (violent movements), muscular rigidity of the neck, trunk, and legs are observed. Despite a severe movement defect, limited opportunity self-service, level intellectual development with this form of cerebral palsy is higher than with the previous ones.
After the birth of such a child, congenital motor reflexes are impaired, in some cases the muscle tone is reduced. At 2-3 months, there may be sudden muscle spasms... The formation of normal postures is impaired, which leads to the fact that the child long time cannot learn to sit, stand and walk independently. Very rarely, a child begins to walk independently from 2-3 years old, most often independent movement becomes possible at 4-7 years old, sometimes only at 9-12 years old.
Speech dysfunctions occur in 90% of patients, more often in the form of hyperkinetic dysarthria, CRD - in 50%, hearing impairment - in 25-30%.
Intelligence in most cases develops quite satisfactorily, and learning difficulties may be associated with severe speech and voluntary motor disorders due to hyierkinetic disorders.
Prognostically, this is a quite favorable form in terms of learning and social adaptation.
Atonic-astatic form. Atonic-astatic form of cerebral palsy occurs much less often than other forms, is characterized by paresis, low muscle tone in the presence of pathological tonic reflexes, impaired coordination of movements, balance.
From the moment of birth, the failure of congenital motor reflexes is revealed: there are no reflexes of support, automatic gait, crawling, protective and grasping reflexes are poorly expressed or absent. Reduced muscle tone. Such patients begin to sit on their own by the age of 1–2 years, and walk by the age of 6.
By the age of 3-5, with systematic, targeted treatment, children, as a rule, master the ability to voluntary movements. Speech disorders are observed in 60-75% of children, and CRA occurs.
As a rule, with this form of cerebral palsy, the fronto-cerebellar pathway is affected, frontal lobes and the cerebellum. Typical symptoms are ataxia, hypermetria, intentional tremor. In cases where there is a pronounced immaturity of the brain as a whole and pathological process extends mainly to its anterior sections, mental retardation is found, more often in mild, less often in moderate degree severity, euphoria, fussiness, disinhibition are observed. This form is prognostically severe.
Mixed form... The mixed form is common. With it, there are combinations of all the above forms, speech and intelligence disorders occur with the same frequency. Sometimes the disease proceeds as a spastic form, and then hyperkinesis appears and manifests itself more and more clearly.
Severity of cerebral palsy
There are three degrees of severity of cerebral palsy for the motor defect in all of the above forms of the disease:
Light - a physical defect allows you to move around, use city transport, have self-service skills;
Medium - children need partial help from others when moving and self-service;
Severe - children are completely dependent on others.
Long-term experience of domestic and foreign specialists working with children with cerebral palsy has shown that the earlier the medical-psychological-pedagogical rehabilitation of these children is started, the more effective it is and the better its results.
- See: Cerebral palsy: a reader / comp. L. M. Shipitsyna, I. I. Mamaichuk. SPb., 2003.S. 78-115
Cerebral palsy is not a separate disease, but a complex of syndromes that arise for various reasons. The main characteristic feature of cerebral palsy is brain damage, which leads to impaired motor abilities. An important characteristic factor of pathology is the manifestation of symptoms from the first years of a child's life, when the formation of the basic functions of the brain occurs. For example, a child adolescence after an injury, brain damage can occur and disorders begin motor functions, but this condition does not meet the criteria for cerebral palsy.
The stability of infantile cerebral palsy is considered another sign of pathology, which over time does not worsen the state of the brain, and the presence of movement defects amenable to partial correction. However, the correction of movement disorders is a controversial issue, since in the absence of necessary care and methodical lessons children may have severe complications.
Formation of cerebral palsy
Disorders of motor functions occur with such brain lesions:
- The brain was initially normal, but for some reason in its nerve cells pathological changes began;
- Primary pathology of the brain structure.
During the action of a damaging factor on neurons, their defects are formed. The reason for their occurrence is the special vulnerability of the areas of the brain, which intensively develop at a certain moment. For this reason, some children with cerebral palsy have more violations of the motor functions of the hands, others - the legs, and the third - coordination.
The prevalence of cerebral palsy in premature babies (born before 33 weeks) is explained by imperfect arteries and an immature brain. At the slightest lack of oxygen, blood distribution begins to prevent brain damage. However, low-birth-weight infants on ventilators do not have such a mechanism. For this reason, some areas of the brain die off and leave behind cavities.
Reasons for the progression of cerebral palsy
The statistics state that a large number of children with cerebral palsy were born on time, and the pathologies that arose occurred during pregnancy. Only 10 percent of children with cerebral palsy had birth asphyxia or birth trauma. In the presence of movement disorders, children with cerebral palsy often suffer from visual impairment, hearing impairment, mental disorders and speech defects.
There are a number of reasons that can trigger the development of cerebral palsy. First of all, they include factors that affect the child in utero even during pregnancy:
- Defeat nervous system infectious disease ()
- Fetoplacental insufficiency, which leads to hypoxia
- Severe form and mother
- Chromosomal mutations and fetal predisposition to disease
During childbirth, factors predisposing to the development of cerebral palsy in newborns can also form:
- Strangulation of the fetus
- Childbirth trauma.
After childbirth, cerebral palsy can be triggered by head injuries, infectious diseases and intoxication with toxins and medicines.
Varieties of cerebral palsy
The variety of signs of cerebral palsy has led to the expansion of the classification of pathology. The main feature dividing the signs of cerebral palsy into forms is the degree of brain damage and the number of limbs that are limited in movement:
|
Syndrome |
Changes in the brain |
Common Causes |
| Spastic diplegia | There are cysts or dead areas in the organ |
|
| Spastic tetraplegia |
|
|
| Hemiplegia | Brain hemorrhage is often diagnosed |
|
| Extrapyramidal form | A specific area of the brain is affected |
|
Spastic diplegia
It is a pathology in which the functions of a certain group of limbs, often legs, are impaired. Hands can remain fully or partially functional. This form paralysis is very common.
Even minor pathologies can be seen in a newborn, the most characteristic severe symptoms begin to appear during the crawling period of the child.
- While crawling, the child synchronously moves his arms and pulls his legs. When severe forms of the disease occur, crawling can be difficult.
- In the legs of the child there is increased tone, strong tendon reflexes (found when visiting a neurologist)
- The start of walking is late, the child walks on tiptoes
- Crossing the limbs with support under the armpits
- V severe cases legs may be stunted.
Mental abilities are retained in most cases, but minor speech defects may be present. Education convulsive syndrome occurs less often than with other types of cerebral palsy. With milder forms of the course of pathology, children can serve themselves and master new skills.
Spastic tetraplegia
It is the most difficult form of cerebral palsy, which is difficult to treat. It occurs due to extensive brain damage, and is often accompanied by mental retardation and epilepsy. In addition to violations of motor activity in all limbs, there are following symptoms Cerebral palsy:
- Swallowing is impaired in children (from birth);
- Hypertonia in all limbs;
- Crawling and walking is much more difficult;
- Very often impairments of speech, vision, mental retardation, epilepsy and microcephaly are added.
In most cases, spastic tetraplegia is accompanied by moderate to severe mental retardation.
Hemiplegia
It is a lesion of the limbs on one side (arms and legs). After birth, all reflexes are normal, but as the child develops, it becomes noticeable that the functions of the limbs are weaker on the one hand.
Concomitant symptoms of hemiplegia are increased tone in the affected arm (often bent and pressed against the body). The child almost in time takes the desired position and maintains balance. Often not accompanied by mental retardation, but seizures may occur.
Extrapyramidal form
Also called hyperkinetic. It occurs with a severe form of incompatibility between the blood of the mother and the fetus, as well as with severe prematurity.
The child also exhibits violent limb movements:
- Chorea - fast and abrupt movements of the shoulders and hips;
- Athetosis - slow wriggling movements of the feet and hands;
- The mixed form is characterized by the simultaneous manifestation of chorea and athetosis.
During sleep, violent movements are completely absent, and appear only with stress or fear.
There are several forms of severity of pathology in patients with cerebral palsy:
- Lightweight. The child moves independently, does simple work and is able to attend regular school.
- Average. Adaptation to society is possible, but only with the help of outsiders.
- Heavy. The child cannot serve himself on his own, and constantly requires the help of others.
Diagnostic methods
As with other diseases, it is important for the child's socialization early diagnosis Cerebral palsy. Parents should carefully monitor the child if he is in one of the risk groups for developing cerebral palsy:
- Prematurity and low birth weight;
- Congenital malformations and low Apgar score;
- Infection with infections from the mother;
- Artificial ventilation of the lungs;
- Labor complications: the application of forceps, the use of a vacuum.
V maternity ward v mandatory held thorough examination all newborns to assess reflexes and muscle tone. If there is a suspicion of brain damage, they are additionally used instrumental methods diagnostics:
- Ultrasound is performed if indicated;
- EEG is prescribed if the child has seizures from time to time;
- CT and MRI are used only for urgent need... These procedures allow you to detect cysts, neoplasms and other pathologies of the brain.
When determining any pathologies of the brain, the child is diagnosed with encephalopathy, which in the future can provoke the development of cerebral palsy. However, it is important to distinguish the natural muscle tone, which may be increased in newborns, from the characteristic signs of cerebral palsy, so only a qualified pediatrician should be involved in the diagnosis.
It should be noted that it is very difficult to diagnose cerebral palsy in a newborn, although severe forms pathologies manifest themselves clearly after birth. For the first time, it is possible to assume the development of cerebral palsy at 3-4 months, when the reflexes of the newborn are lost, and a certain motor activity comes in their place. In the presence of cerebral palsy, all reflexes are preserved, which interferes further development children with cerebral palsy. Characteristic signs include:
- The child does not have spontaneous movements, he sucks and swallows poorly;
- The Moro reflex (spreading the arms and legs when lifting up and down) should disappear, the child tries to crawl when his heels are propped up with his hand, he has reflex walking (he touches his legs if he is lifted up).
Already at four months, you can notice a lag in the motor development of the child, and at the age of one, involuntary movements begin to appear.
In addition to movement disorders, other symptoms of cerebral palsy may appear annually:
- Dropsy of the brain;
- Seizures;
- Disorders of vision, hearing and coordination;
- Developmental disorders of speech (her complete absence, violation written speech or difficulty with pronunciation certain sounds, stuttering);
- Emotional defects;
- Difficulty writing, reading, counting.
Possible complications
Pathology is not accompanied by additional brain damage, but rehabilitation in cerebral palsy may worsen when the child forms incorrect postures and the way of walking. If the child does not communicate with peers, and the parents do not spend special classes for children with cerebral palsy, the manifestations of pathology may worsen and will manifest themselves:
- Malfunctions of the musculoskeletal system (constant bending of the arms due to hypertonicity). In some cases, the involuntary movements of the limbs are so strong that they lead to dislocations.
- The child can walk exclusively on tiptoes.
- Bends rib cage, the spine, or a tilted pelvis.
- With cerebral palsy, speech disorders often occur.
- Isolation from peers causes psychological problems.
Treatment methods
The characteristics of children with cerebral palsy are such that, with certain activities and efforts, they fully adapt to life in society, but it is not possible to completely get rid of the pathology. The main goal of the treatment is to instill in the child basic skills, to prevent abnormal formation of the spine and organs of the musculoskeletal system, and to create conditions for the full development of speech and emotional sphere.
Cerebral palsy treatment should be prescribed by a doctor, since for proper therapy it is necessary to take into account not only the form of the disease, but the severity of its course, as well as the presence mental disabilities and other concomitant pathologies.
Cerebral palsy therapy includes the use of following means and tricks:
Medication
Appointed anticonvulsants and relaxing medications (for painful cramps). All other medicines do not carry any therapeutic action, since the affected areas of the brain cannot be restored. Also, the effectiveness of drugs for vasodilation has not been proven, homeopathic remedies and nootropics.
Massage and exercise
This is very important stage treatment that helps to relieve muscle tone and form a normal locomotor activity further. Only a specialist should do the massage, since improper procedure can have negative consequences.
Operation
In some cases, children need surgical intervention, in particular with the Achilles tendon or severe spasms lower back.
Posture correction
Children with cerebral palsy may take the wrong posture due to the lack of balance in muscle tone. Without correction, such a process can lead to disorders of the motor system. To correct postures, special devices are used (bandages, splints, rollers, etc.).
Other treatments for children with cerebral palsy include physical therapy (to relieve pain), classes with a speech therapist to correct speech, classes with a psychologist to better adapt the child to society, and communication with animals (such as dolphins).
Parents should understand that it is special program will take almost all my life. And since cerebral palsy is manifested a wide range symptoms, treatment should be dealt with at once by several specialists (psychologist, neurologist, speech therapist, etc.). V large cities there are special rehabilitation centers for children with cerebral palsy, in which children are taught all the necessary skills and abilities for a fulfilling life in society.
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