Symptoms, symptoms, forecast and treatment of lung sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis of the lungs: symptoms, degrees and treatment

Systemic granulomatosis of a benign form or sarcoidosis of the lungs represents chronic illnesswhich is accompanied by the formation of specific sarcoid granulomes in the pulmonary fabric. Average age Patients suffering from such pathology is 20-40 years. The disease often accounted for differentiate with tuberculosis and malignant neoplasm.

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Causes of disease

The etiology of the granulomatosis of the respiratory system of a person is not known. Experts put forward many versions about the causes of the disease. Many scientists agree on the existence of the following risk factors:

Genetic predisposition.
Chronic infection of respiratory organs.
The presence of industrial environmental pollution.
Tobacco
Systemic decrease in the level of immunity.
Frequent viral and infectious lung damage.

Pathogenesis

The basis of pathology is a chronic inflammatory process to form a granuloma against the background of a systemic decline in immunity.

It is customary to share three stages of the disease:

Bearing is alveolit. Inflammatory defeat The bronchopulmonary system in this phase goes into chronic form.
Granuloseznaya - gradual formation of elastic sealing of lung tissue in the form of granuloma.
Fibrous - in the final stage of the disease occurs with a granuloma or substitution of pulmonary fabric fibrous.

Clinical picture

Sarcoidosis of the lungs in the initial stage is noted asymptomatic flow. At this stage, the disease can be detected by chance during a fluorographic study.

The subsequent development of pathology causes such a clinical picture:

progressive shortness of breath, which is observed after increased physical activity;
minor soreness in the field of breast and inter-documenny space;
bouts of periodic dry cough;
overall malaise and loss of working capacity;
night sweating;
reduced appetite I. subfebrile temperature bodies;
pain in the joints of the upper limbs and lower back.

Often, sarcoidotic lung damage is combined with the lesion of the lymphatic system. At the same time, patients complain to an increase in regional lymph nodes and dry oral cavity.

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What is dangerous sarcoidosis of the lungs?

Untimely treatment of the disease can end the systemic damage, liver, central nervous system and hearts. By the respiratory authorities, the consequences may be as follows:

Emphysema of the lungs or pathological expansion of the space of the bronchial tree.
Chronic respiratory failure. Patients eventually feel shortness of breath even in a state of complete rest.
Nonspecific bronchial lesions and Alveol. In such cases, experts can diagnose dystrophic changes The bronchial system in the form of chronic obstructive bronchitis.
Syndrome light Heart. Long flow of the inflammatory process in bronchi provokes an increase arterial pressure In a small circle of blood circulation, which in turn causes a pathological increase in the volume of the right offices of the heart.

In 10% of patients, the disease ends with sclerosis of the pulmonary fabric and the formation of a "cellular" lung. Such conditions of the body are associated with a high risk of fatal outcome.

Sarcoidosis of the lungs can go into cancer?

Sarcoidal damage to pulmonary tissues is considered an independent disease. In this case, it is not related to this pathology. There is some similarity of the clinical picture and the x-ray study of these diseases. Transition Sarcoidosis B. malignant neoplasm Not notes.

Factors, with the influence of which sarcoidosis of the lungs can go to oncology

In medicine there are a number of education risk factors cancer lesion Lungs:

Genetic predisposition. The presence of a lung sarcoma in a direct relative increases the probability of oncology in a patient several times.
Chronic obstructive bronchitis and tobacocuria.
Stay in the exposure zone of gamma radiation.
Reducing the protective abilities of the body.

Diagnostics

According to statistics, 40% of patients are diagnosed based on the results of the study clinical symptoms and the X-ray snapshot of the lungs. In other cases, the final diagnosis requires biopsy. At the same time, the patient is suspected sarcoidosis of the lungs surgically A small part of the modified fabric is covered. Histological I. cytological analysis Bioptata determines the final diagnosis.

Patient need to remember that diagnostic research A qualified specialist should be held at a qualified specialist. This is due to the fact that the differentiation of granular damage is carried out with disseminated tuberculosis and bronchoalveolar localization cancer.

Additional diagnostic procedures include:

General and detailed blood test.
Computer and magnetic resonance tomography.

Modern treatment

Modern medical care tactics are based in two directions:

Elimination inflammatory reaction organism.
Prevent fibrous replacement of lung fabric.

To date, the most effective way Therapy of the disease is considered to apply the course of receiving corticosteroid drugs. The duration of such treatment can be 6-8 months. For this patient with a diagnosis " sarcoidosis of the lungs"Must take" prednisone "in a daily dose of 25-30 mg. After X-raying a positive result conservative therapy The dosage of the pharmacological agent is gradually reduced to complete cancellation.

IN medical practice For the treatment of such patients, it is also advisable to prescribe non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antioxidants and immunomodulators.

During this period, the patient needs to adhere to a special diet. IN daily diet There must be fruits and vegetables with high content Vitamins and minerals. The patient should abandon the use of saturated simple carbohydrates as confectionery carbonated drinks and bread. Also, the restriction is subject to fermented milk products.

Forecast

In the overwhelming majority of cases, the course of the disease is favorable. In this case, 10% of patients may have spontaneous improvement in well-being and the disappearance of the granul. Despite such indicators, the expectant tactics of treatment is unacceptable.

Timely conducting drug impact on pulmonary fabric gives a positive result. In 30-40% after specific therapy, relapses and the transition of the disease in the chronic stage are observed.

Negative consequences of pathology are noted in 8-12% of people. Sarcoidosis of the lungs It may cause fatal outcome in less than 3% clinical cases. At the same time, mortality is associated with progressive respiratory failure.

Beck disease (sarcoidosis) is customary to call a polysishemal pathology that affects different organs. From the systems primarily affects respiratory. Provoking factors are unknown. The reasons that contribute to the fact that sarcoidosis of the lungs in some patients begin to regress.

This disease does not relate to infectious. The main tactics of the disease is considered hormonal therapy.

One of the bright diagnostic signs of such a disease as sarcoidosis is considered to be the discovery of the granuloma in the affected tissues (in particular, in the lungs). They are foci of inflammation different sizeBut always limited. Granulomas look like microscopy as dense nodules with characteristic structure. A nodule education is a consequence of inflammation and its main manifestation.

The nodules are mainly represented:

Multi-core giant cells.
T-lymphocytes.
Macrophages.

Moreover, the latter are not found at all stages of the disease. Such cells are typical for granulomatosis.

Classification

Classification signs for sarcoidosis are used by several. The most frequent forms of the described pathology are:

Defeat of lymphoid fabric.
Sarcoidosis of the lungs.
Change in liver and spleen tissues.

Significantly less often sarcoidosis of the Bek (or rather the disease of the Beanbee) affects bone system, organs of vision, skin covering and other human body systems. For example, sarcoidosis of the heart is one of the rare species of pathology. The generalized form of the disease is more often diagnosed. In this case, the defeat of the lungs and other organ is combined.

On the clinic I. x-ray signs It is customary to allocate:

Only lungs without engaging in the process of lymph nodes with the development of irreversible fibrous changes in body tissues.
Sarcoidosis of intractable lymph nodes (VGLU), when the tissues of the lungs are not affected.
Cases of diagnosing sarcoidosis of VGU, when the mediastinum, roots and parenchyma of the lung are tied up.
The defeat of other systems and respiratory organs.
Multiple defeat not only organs, but also other systems.

The classification of such a disease, as sarcoidosis of the lungs implies the process of developing the process, which is consistent with the results of an X-ray survey:

At the initial stage, there is more often asymmetric, but two-way lesions of lymph nodes chest.
In the second phase of the development of the disease, the dissemination of pathology on the tissue of the lungs in the form of miliar (projected) foci. For 2 degrees of sarcoidosis, the infiltration of pulmonary fabric and vglu is characteristic.
In the third stage of the disease, fibrous changes in lung tissues are noticeable, while VGU is not increased. Pneumosclerosis and emphysema develops with the formation of large (drain) granulomatous foci.

Depending on how speed occurs pathological changes In the patient's body, the nature of the pathology is customary to divide on:

Chronic.
Abortive.
Progressive
Delayed.

The pathological process itself can be divided into 3 phases:

Active / exacerbation.
Stabilization.
Reverse development / regression / sink.

After transferring the exacerbation of the disease and stabilizing the state, in some cases there is pneumosclerosis and emphysema, pleurisy, fibrosis light zones, Orthodoxing of intragenuary lymph nodes.

At the initial stage of the pathological process, the radiograph may not detect changes.

Etiology

The causal relationship of such a disease, as sarcoidosis with any external factors was not established. Actually, the ability to transmit from person to man is not proven. However, there are cases of family lesion. This can be explained:

Heredity.
Accommodation in identical conditions that negatively affect the health of the whole family.

Modern medicine considers several hypotheses about the causality of sarcoidosis, as illness:

Medical.
Contact.
Hereditary.
Infectious.
The influence of exogenous harmful factors (dust with an admixture of some materials, for example, beryllium, gold, titanium, lead, zirconium and others).

The first hypothesis adherents associate Bek's disease with the reception of some medicines for a long period of time (interferons and some antiviral tools). They prove their right point, appealing to the fact that the refusal of these drugs leads to the regression of the disease. But it could not be confirmed to reliably, it was not possible to refute.

Contact theory assumes that there is a possibility of infection when communicating with the affected tissues of a sick person. Such contact is detected at least a quarter of cases of clinically confirmed diagnosis of Sarcoidosis. The possibility of such a transfer of the disease is allowed by the majority of researchers engaged in the study of this problem.

Hereditary hypothesis insists that some people have a predisposition to this kind pathology. But still identify a common causal factor for all sick, even within the same family, until it is possible.

Infectious theory argues that patients have a history of which there are some viral or bacterial diseases, have more chances to "get" sarcoidosis of the lungs and other organs. To such infectious pathologies Believe:

Gastritis and ulcers of the stomach, which arose due to the fault of the chicobacter pylori.
Chlamydial pneumonia.
Tuberculosis.
Borreliosis (Lyme disease).
Propionybacteria acne.
Krasnukh, hepatitis C, herpesviruses, adenoviruses of different types.

The pathology of the lungs and intragenuary lymph nodes is much more common in persons involved in the production associated with inhalation of harmful gases and dust (miners, firefighters).

Each of the listed theories describes probable reasonsAs a result of which liver, kidneys, skin or lung sarcoidosis can develop. But even with all the factors described, the disease may not arise.

None of the proposed versions is fully satisfactory. Therefore, the disease relates to pathologies with unexplained etiology.

Signs

Sarcoidosis symptoms are largely dependent on the localization of its hearth. TO general signs This disease believes:

Weakness.
Increase body temperature up to 38 C.
Reducing body weight.
Increase lymph nodes.

Moreover, the weakness of the long period is the only sign of developing pathology, and then other symptoms of the disease are already joined. The weight loss is usually observed when serious violations in work internal organsassociated with the pathological process. With the damage to the liver, the patient worries discomfort in the right hypochondrium, a small jaundice can be celebrated.

Signs of respiratory lesion

Debuts the pathology asymptomatic, because the granulomas grow unfinimately. With the flow of the pathological process, the symptoms of sarcoidosis of the lungs are manifested in the form:

Reflex cough without sputum.
Dysfots.
Pain and strange sounds in the chest.
Sleep disorders.
Sweating.

If the cough is accompanied by the emotion of sputum, this indicates the attachment of a bacterial infection.

At the initial stage, passing does not cause the patient a hassle. But with the involvement in the pathological process of pleura cough becomes painful, like a deep breath.

Dyspnea is characteristic of a disease with increased lymph nodes. It is enhanced as a result of the load. Since the body in physical effort needs greater intake of oxygen, then the granuloma affected and squeezed by lymph nodes of lungs cannot close the need for the body in oxygen.

Signs of lesion of lymphoid fabric

Peripheral lymph nodes are amazed quite often. This is expressed by swelling of one or a whole group of nodes. The disease should be differentiated from lymphadenopathies, under which changes are functional nature and are not associated with the formation of granuloma.

With this pathology, lymphatic nodes may be affected:

Cervical.
Chest.
Inguinal and axillary.
Limbs.

The latter are involved in the process extremely rare. Usually the lesion of the lymphoid fabric marks the defeat of the spleen. In addition to discomfort in the left hypochondrium, the patient rarely concern any other occupation.

Signs of skin lesion

What is sarcoidosis of the skin and how it looks, it is easy to understand. Skin changes May be reactive, that is, associated with the formation of granuloma in the internal organs, it can only be seen by the body's response to the disease. And these manifestations may be associated with the growth of the granuloma in the thickness of the skin.

The main features in this case are considered:

Polymorphic rash.
Peeling.
Pigmentation change.
Hair loss.
The appearance of scars and ulcers.

The reactive manifestations are presented in the clinic of the disease by nodal erythema. They, as a rule, are accompanied by triad signs:

An increase in mediastinal lymph nodes.
The lesion of several (up to 5) large joints.
Localization of erythematous rash in the field of shin.

Usually, reactive manifestations are inclined to regress for several weeks. Actually, the granulomatous lesion of the skin is much less common to narrowed erythema.

Signs of heart lesions

The functions of myocardium may suffer both with the defeat of the hearty muscles or heart walls, and when the lymph nodes and lungs are damaged. The main complaints of patients are considered:

Arrhythmia.
Bolt pain.
Loss of consciousness.
Edema extremities.
Privateness I. increased fatigue With physical activity.
Pallor skin.

At any stage of the described lung disease is observed pulmonary hypertension. This leads to an increase in the load on the heart (right ventricle) and the appearance of "hearty" symptoms.

Signs of the development of the disease in a nonypical zone

These symptoms are very diverse and depend on what bodies are involved in the process. For example:

With lesion bone tissue Fractures are rapidly.
If the process affects the larynx - the patient can lose his voice.
With damage to the nasal moves, bleeding from the nose and there is constant concreterance.
If sarcoidosis affected the hearing organs, the complaints are typical of pain and ringing in the ears, coordinator violations.
With muscle disease, patients complain about pain in the affected limb, its weakness and inflammatory changes in the localization site of the hearth.
With the growing granuloma in the tissues of the joint (joints) of the clinic imitates rheumatoid arthritis.
The growth of the granuloma in the kidneys is observed extremely rarely. The process itself is accompanied by a violation of their filtrational function and inflammation. Sarcoidosis of any organ increases the risk of stone formation in the kidneys.
Growth described benign formations May affect the structure of the brain. Symptoms depends on the injured zone. It may be impairment of vision, hearing, touch or smell. There are convulsive and meningial signs.
With damage to the peripheral part of the nervous system, paresis and paralysis in the zone innervated by the affected nerve can be.
If the pituitary is affected by endocrine disorders.
Defeat salivary glands leads to violation of their functions.
Pathological process In the intestine leads to painful constipation and diarrhea, replacing each other. Blood in feces is not observed. Due to the violation of the suction process, the person loses weight, his skin and its appendages become dry, weak.
Nausea and the decline in appetite accompany the growth of granuloma in the stomach.
The pathology of the organ of view may cause a significant reduction in vision and blindness.

Diagnostics

As diagnostic measures, the analysis of the symptoms of the disease is applied, as well as hardware and instrumental examination patient. The gold standard of diagnosis of sarcoidosis is considered:

Radiographic research.
Histology.
Clinic.

A whole arsenal studies starting from CT, MRI, ultrasound and ending with techniques that can determine the functional state of the lungs (spirometry), heart (ECG, ECHEG), skeletal muscles (EMG), bronchoscopy, can be used. You may need to inspect an endocrinologist, oculist, otolaryngologist, pulmonic, gastroenterologist, cardiologist.

The diagnosis of sarcoidosis involves identifying characteristic changes In the patient's blood (raising the level of APE, calcium, copper, TNF-α). The last figure is revealed relatively recently, participates in many pathological processes.

In this case, the disease is carried out with tuberculin sample (manta) for differentiation of diagnosis with tuberculosis and sample Kweema-Zilzbach (this is a kind of "manta" for sarcoidosis).

Therapy

Medical Supplies, Pills and Capsules

How to treat this unpleasant disease? First, doctors have to take into account the fact that the pathological process can regress. Therefore, at the first stage, before treating sarcoidosis, observation is established for patients for about six months in order to identify trends and definitions with treatment.

For easy degree Diseases Medical intervention is not carried out. In this situation, the risk of complications obtained during intensive treatment higher than the risk from the development of the disease itself.

Immediate intervention is carried out only in the event of a rapid increase in symptoms and heavy condition patient. Arsenal, who doctors can use, rather rich in methods:

Drug (general and local measures).
Surgical.
Physiotherapeutic.
Dietherapy.
Irradiation.

Treatment of sarcoidosis of the lungs involves the use of the following groups of drugs:

Hormones (hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, prednisone) are the first line preparations.
Non-flame anti-inflammatory (meloxico, aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac and others).
Vitamin preparations containing A and E-vitamins (as antioxidants).
Immunosuppressors (Azatioprin, delagil, Chlorochin).

Sarcoidosis of light treatment requires hormones. Assign immediately in a large (shock) dose, followed by a decrease in one-time quantity. Local treatment Usually applied under the skin forms of the disease and with eye damage. Surgical intervention is required during the collapse of the lung, in the case of its transplantation, removal of the spleen or stop the gastric or intestinal bleeding.

There is no specific diet for this category of patients. Fast food refusal is welcome. IN medical institutions Course practiced medical starvation under the control of the doctor. Independent application This method is not recommended.

After remission, patients should be on a dispensary accounting for at least 2 years.

To quickly cure cough, bronchitis, pneumonia and strengthen the immune system only ...

"Sarcoidosis of the lungs: what is it and how to treat it?" - This question can be found on many medical forums.

To date, sarcoidosis is called rare diseasecapable of amazing different organs and systems human organism. Most often, pathology elects the lungs.

What is sarcoidosis?

Diseases in which in organs there are accumulations of inflammatory cells are called granulomatosis, and the accumulation themselves - granulomas (nodules). It is this disease that is the disease.

It is a systemic pathology that can affect not only the respiratory system (bronchi, light, intragenic lymph nodes), but any organs.

The course of the disease is unpredictable: the nodules can resolve or become the cause of fibrosis - growth connective tissue. Many confuse sarcoidosis with lung cancer, but doctors argue that these pathologies are absolutely different. To the question "infectious or no sarcoidosis of the beck?" Doctors respond negatively.

As a rule, sarcoidosis of the lungs (in Ukrainian - sarkoydoz is leng) is observed in patients aged 20 to 40 years. Moreover, the representatives of weak sex suffer from the disease more often than men. The peak of morbidity falls for the winter and early spring.

Classification

To date, five stages of the disease are distinguished:

Zero . It is considered the easiest stage of the disease. Pathological changes in the image of the chest are absent.
Sarcoidosis 1 degree . Pathological changes affect intragenuary lymph nodes, but not a pulmonary tissue.
Sarcoidosis of 2 degrees . In the pulmonary fabric there are granulomas, new lymph nodes are inflamed.
Sarcoidosis 3 degrees . There are pathological changes in the tissues, but no further increase in lymph nodes is observed.
Sarcoidosis 4 degrees . Development of lung fibrosis with an irreversible impaired respiratory function.

Symptoms

On the initial stages Sarcoidosis can leak without symptoms, but with the development of the ailment, characteristic symptoms arises.

As a rule, sarcoidosis manifests itself:

Chronic fatigue syndrome;
Increasing body temperature;
The appearance of unusual sounds during breathing;
Insomnia;
Breath;
Reduced body weight;
A cough that gives the pain in the chest;
Loss of appetite;
Excessive sweating.

Causes of the disease

The exact causes of the development of the disease remain unidentified. Some scientists suggest that sarcoidosis of the lungs occurs under the influence of negative external factors: fungi, viruses, bacteria, coniferous pollen, clay, talca, as well as zirconium compounds, beryllium and aluminum.

According to this hypothesis, granulomas in the lungs can appear in fire, sailors, smokers, employees of agricultural and chemical enterprises.

Given the fact that the previous version is not proven, doctors tend to believe that the cause of the development of sarcoidosis is the simultaneous impact of genetic, autoimmune and environmental factors.

Since some people have a congenital vulnerability to illness, scientists allow the idea that sarcoidosis is inherited.

Complications

Many patients are asked if the sarcoidosis of the lungs is scary and, if so, how much.

The answer is simple: if you do not consult a doctor when the first symptoms of the disease appears, this may lead to unpleasant consequences.

Sarcoidosis of light dangerous, because On his background, development is possible:

Pulmonary heart (modifications of internal heart departments);
Emphysema (filling space between bronchiola air);
Tuberculosis and other infectious diseases of pulmonary tract;
Aspergilleze (the spread of fungus in the lungs);
Calcium exchange failures;
Diffuse pneumosclerosis.

Such complications are developing in cases where sarcoidosis does not go into the remission stage.

Diagnosis of the disease

To make a diagnosis of a patient with suspicion of sarcoidosis placed in the hospital.

Standard diagnostics is a set of laboratory and instrumental research:

Tomography (or radiography) of the chest;
Mediastinoscopy with biopsy;
Analysis of bronchial fluid;
Bronchoscopy;
Blood chemistry;
Sample KVEYM;
Mantu sample (allows you to distinguish sarcoidosis from tuberculosis);
Spirometry (study of the respiratory function).

The essence of the Kveim sample comes down to subcutaneous administration Sarcoid antigen. In about 20 days, the injection site is excised, and the fabric is sent to histological analysis. Similarly, the fabric samples obtained during the biopsy are investigated.

The driver's test allows you to detect granulomas in the lungs and is carried out in all patients with suspicion of sarcoidosis.

As for biopsy, the reason for its implementation is the need for a cell study under the microscope. In this procedure, tiny fragments of lung tissue are removed using a bronchoscope or needle.

It is possible to judge the presence of sarcoidosis according to increased lymph nodes, expanded armor vessels, elements of granuloma without symptoms of inflammation and necrosis, plaques or warts of mucous membranes.

Sometimes a patient with sarcoidosis feels excellent, but X-ray allows you to detect the pathological process in the lungs.

What a radiologist sees in the picture depends on the stage of the disease:

In the first, increased intragenic lymph nodes are viewed,
On the second - new outstanding lymph nodes in the mediastinia and the roots of the lungs,
On the third - fibrous lesions of the pulmonary fabric.

Treatment of sarcoidosis of the lungs

Many patients are wondering who treats sarcoidosis and what is treated with such a disease. Typically, patients suffering from this pathology are engaged in a sarcoidologist. If during the six-eight months the disease does not pass independently (as often happens), the doctor starts treating the patient.

Medical therapy

The use of medicines with pulmonary sarcoidosis - the basis symptomatic therapy.

The following drugs are prescribed to the patient:

Hormonal agents to avoid complications of the disease - hydrocortisone, prednisone;
ImmunoPressants - Azatioprin, Truchin, deed;
Vitamins D, C and E, intended to strengthen immunity;
Anti-inflammatory drugs - diclofenac, ketoprofen, aspirin, indomethacin.

Many drugs used in sarcoidosis have serious side effects. Nevertheless, people have to take them for several months.

Most often, patients with sarcoidosis are prescribed prednisolone.

Therapy begins with large dosages, after which, during the four-six months, the dose is gradually decreasing. For bad tolerability drug or exacerbation concomitant diseases The medication is accepted with interruptions in 1-2 days.

If the patient's body reacts better to the combined therapy, prednisone is recommended to alternate with the reception of equipment such as indomethacin and voltar.

A number of people (about 10%) detects resistance to glucocorticoid doses, such as chlorabucil, pentoxifyllin, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, infliximab, etc. Such patients prescribe the course use of methotrexate - antitumor drug.

Disadvantage this drug lies in the fact that therapeutic effect It takes a lot of time (from 6 to 12 months). When a stable dose of medicine will be achieved, the hepatic enzymes should be controlled and the composition of the patient's blood.

Often to cure the sarcoidosis of the lungs by means of inhalation. Inhalation is carried out using Flitazone, Budesonid and others similar drugs. These funds are appointed at the initial stages of the disease and allow you to get rid of the grueling cough when the bronchi is defeated.

Often, sarcoidosis is treated with glucocorticoids taken inhalation and oral (inside).

Diet

Food during sarcoidosis is often necessary and gradually. The base of the diet should be protein food in stewed and boiled form. It is desirable that the marine cauldron, sea buckthorn, nuclei of apricot bones, black currant, nuts, grenades, honey, fresh basil and legumes are present.

Concerning next products, their consumption in sarcoidosis must be minimized:

Salt and sugar;
Cheese, dairy products;
Fat fish;
Flour products;
Alcoholic beverages.

With sarcoidosis of the lung diet allows you to reduce pathological changes in lymph nodes, prevent the inflammatory process and the formation of kidney stones.

Treatment with folk remedies

Be treated from sarcoidosis of the lungs folk remedies It makes sense only at the initial stages of the disease.

The following recipes are the most popular:

Fill 1/2 glasses with vodka, add 20 g of propolis, insist for two weeks in a dark flask. Before receiving add 15-20 drops of tincture in 1/2 cup warm water. Take three times a day per hour before meals.
Twice a day (during the day, in the morning) take 20-25 drops of tincture Pink or ginseng. The course of therapy is two or three weeks.
Take 1 tbsp daily. unrefined sunflower oilmixed with 1 tbsp. Vodka. The frequency of application is three times a day before meals. One course is 10 days. You need to spend three courses with five-day breaks between them.

Note:
In parallel with the listed treatment methods, you can practice the use of bearish or barcuch fatbecause This contributes to the speedy recovery from sarcoidosis.

Prevention of the disease

Prevent the development of sarcoidosis of the lungs is much easier than to treat the ailment and its complications. The first thing you need to do is completely revise your lifestyle.

It is important to give preference healthy nutrition, refuse harmful habitsHow often can make out the outdoor walks.

Exodus

Patients suffering from sarcoidosis of the lungs are asked as much as they live with him.

Doctors argue that pathology can end:

Complete recovery (sometimes it comes independently, and sometimes it becomes the result of a doctor therapy appointed);
The injection of sarcoidosis, aggravating the existing symptoms and the development of fibrosis.

Thanks modern medicineThe forecast of life in sarcoidosis of the lungs is usually favorable. The active period proceeds without pronounced symptoms, with the lack of visible deterioration. In 1/3 of the patients, the disease is rejected into a state of remission with periodic exacerbations.

Video

10-27% of cases develop chronic type diseases and, as a result, fibrosis of the lungs. This is fraught with development respiratory failure, not threatening Life patient.

In most cases, sarcoidosis of the lungs are healing.

The development of death is possible only with the progressive form of the disease, if the patient is not asked "How to treat sarcoidosis?" And he does not bother with the appeal to the doctor.

Despite the rapid development of medicine, many diseases are still not understood. In these diseases, it is difficult to identify the cause of the occurrence, difficulties occur in their diagnosis. Such a glance includes sarcoidosis of light and intragenic lymph nodes. For this type of pathology is not characteristic specific symptoms, And the etiology of its occurrence causes many disputes. The disease itself may affect a number of organs and systems, but more often is localized in pulmonary and lymphoid tissues. Sarcoidosis is characterized by granulomatous inflammation, which manifests itself in the formation of dense nodules. The disease itself is not infectious and is not transmitted to another person.

What is sarcoidosis and the mechanism of the occurrence of this disease

The main diagnostic sign of the ailment is an education in the affected granulov tissues. Beck-Beck-Shauman's disease belongs to systemic pathologies of a benign nature. In the risk group there are people from 20 to 40 years mostly female. Firefighters, workers agriculture and chemical industries are subject to death more often than others. It is worth noting the similarity of the disease with tuberculosis, but there are a number of differences between pathologies:

Pathology	Sarcoidosis of internal lymph nodes and lungs	Pulmonary tuberculosis
Nature of the disease	Non-infectious nature. Etiology has not been studied until the end	Infectionwhich is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria
Character of nodules	Inside the nodules there is no necrosis. Characteristic is the presence of gigantic and epithelioid cells, as well as small capillaries	The center of the nodules develops caseous necrosis similar to a curly mass. Vascularization is absent
Changes in blood analysis	Lakeing	Leukocytosis, lymphocytosis, monocytosis
Clinical picture of the disease	Proceeds asymptomatic at the first stages. Soon there is ailment and pain in breast cavity, cough with wheezing	Increase body temperature, shortness of breath, cough, wheezing

In the development of the disease, the phases of exacerbation, stabilization and attenuation of the illness are distinguished. However, the cessation of grain formation with further compaction leads to a violation of the functioning of the lungs. Also appear symptoms of heart failure.

Causes of sarcoidosis development

The etiology of the occurrence of sarcoidosis of intragenic lymph nodes and lungs causes many disputes among doctors. The disease is considered polyethological, but it does not refer to the group of contagious (infectious). For sarcoidosis, the defeat of several organs and systems is characteristic. Among the causes of the disease, three main theories are distinguished:

infectious;
genetic;
immunological.

The first theory suggests that sarcoidosis may occur due to circulation in the body of the causative agent. The cause of the ailment in this case becomes bacteria, viruses, mushrooms and the simplest. Also, in some situations the heredity of the disease is noted. This gave impetus to the emergence of the second theory of sarcoidosis etiology. However, part of the physicians believe that the cause of the ailment can also be a violation of the formation of an immune response. The body's response failure in response to exogenous and endogenous factors increases the risks of the disease of the disease of Beck-Beka Shauman.

Classification of sarcoidosis and stage of the development of sarcoidosis of the lungs

The course of the disease is characterized by the beginning of the inflammatory process in alveolar tissues. After already formed granuloma, which during the development of the disease can be dissolved or their fibrosis is observed. The disease itself occurs in 3 stages:

1st: The beginning of the inflammatory process. There is an asymmetric increase in lymph nodes.
2nd: Pulmonary fabric is infiltrated, there is a lesion of intragenuary nodes. The symptoms of malaise are manifested.
3rd: Pneumosclerosis is often diagnosed. Irregular nodes are not increased. The clinical picture is poorly expressed.

Since the disease can affect several organs and types of fabrics, it is customary to allocate its individual species. Sarcoidosis of lymphatic nodes and lungs are considered the most common. Less often pathology covers respiratory system and other organs. In some cases, during the sarcoidosis process, the generalized form acquires and affects the majority of organs in the body. The last type of pathology is most dangerous and may arise in the form of complications of previous forms.

The clinical picture of the sarcoidosis of the lungs with the lesion of the intragenuary lymph nodes

Symptoms of the disease is a key factor in diagnosis. An important role of the clinic plays in the differentiation of sarcoidosis from tuberculosis, which can affect the same organs. There are no specific symptoms that help to diagnose without additional research. The first stages of the disease are manifested by general malaise and accompanied:

loss of appetite;
sleep violation;
change of mood, anxiety, apathy;
weight loss;
fast fatigue;
increased sweating (especially at night).

Next, the formed nodules can begin to be seal and even calcined. This leads to a violation of the functionality of the affected tissues. With sarcoidosis of the lungs in patients, symptoms of pulmonary failure appear in the form of shortness of breath, cough and wheezing. This is accompanied by strong pain in the chest and even in the joints. There may be violations by cardiac activity.

Important! Sarcoidosis begins to manifest themselves with common malaise, so when a state deterioration should be consulted

Basic methods of diagnosis of the disease

The lack of specific symptoms of the disease makes it necessary to carry out additional research. Studying the clinical picture gives a doctor the opportunity to establish approximate localization of pathology. Next, the therapist can be directed to carry out:

clinical I. biochemical analysis blood;
radiography;
computer tomography (CT);
magnetic resonance tomography (MRI);
biops of fabrics of the lung and lymphatic node.

Blood test and her serum makes it possible to identify availability inflammatory processes in organism. And leukopenia in combination with coughing and shortness of breath is one of the reasons to suspect sarcoidosis. With the help of X-ray, CT and MRI examine the structure of affected tissues, the presence of nodules and the degree of damage to the disease. This makes it possible to make a diagnosis and assign the necessary treatment.

Treatment of Sarcoidosis of Lungs and Intragrya Lymphuses

Sarcoidosis of internal lymph nodes and lungs requires therapeutic interference with severe pathology forms. The duration of therapy is from 4 to 8 months and depends on the degree of lesion of the tissue. Several groups of drugs are used to combat the disease:

Group pharmacological means	The mechanism of action and the cause of use	Example of preparations
Steroid drugs	Reduce synthesis of inflammation mediators. Possess an immunosuppressive action	Prednisone adults 1-2 tablets per day
Immununopressants	Immunosuppressive action, reducing the speed of immune responses	Reshin adults up to 3 tablets per day
Anti-inflammatory means	To combat the manifestation of inflammatory processes	Aspirin (100 mg) 3 tablets. You can repeat after 8 hours.
Antioxidants	Slow cell aging processes, suppress oxidative processes	Retinol acetate adults 8 drops once a day 10 minutes after meals

Despite the fact that sarcoidosis over time may disappear without therapy, its development should be prevented. Deal may cause a number of complications, so the doctor's consultation is necessary when identifying the first symptoms. Diet with sarcoidosis must be balanced and include easy-friendly products. It is recommended to use cereal, vegetables, vegetable oils And low-fat meat. Also during the ailment, smoking is prohibited and excessive use Products with elevated calcium content.

Important! The course of treatment should be under the control of the doctor and compliance with the designated dosages

Forecast of the disease

Sarcoidosis of the lungs and intragenic lymph nodes is characterized by a benign flow. In most cases, the ailment ends with resorption of nodules in the affected tissues. However, if not treated heavy forms Diseases, the pathology may complicate:

heart failure;
emphysema;
joining tuberculosis;
light insufficiency;
nonspecific infection.

The transition of sarcoidosis in generalized form can lead to a fatal outcome. The best way Prevent complications are timely provision of medical care.

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Sarcoidosis of the lungs is a disease in which inflammatory nodules (granuloma) are formed in the affected tissues. More often there is a damage to the liver, lung and lymph nodes. A different beck sarcoidosis has a benign current.

Sarcoidosis of the lungs and causes of development

The disease has a racial predisposition. It is more common among Afro-Americans, Asians, Germans, inhabitants of Ireland, Scandinavia.
The reasons for the development of pathology are not fulfilled.

The main things are:

hereditary predisposition
infections
violations in the work of the immune system.

With infectious damage to the lungs, pathogens can be:

mycobacteria
mushrooms
spirochetes
the simplest and other microorganisms.

There are also many studies that confirm the genetic nature of the disease, that is, when there were manifestations of pathology in families.

Currently, studies show that the disease is associated with the immune failure of the body.

There is a development of pathology in persons specific specialties.

These are people working:

in agriculture
in harmful production
health workers,
firefighters,
sailors.

Tobacco smokers and persons who have allergic reactions On some substances, also belong to the risk group.

Classification of pathology in stages

The beginning of sarcoidosis is characterized by the development of the pathological process in alveolar tissue, resulting in pneumonia or alveolite.

Then begin to form sarcoid granulomas in sublistral and bronchial tissues.

The disease has three stages:

1 stage - initial form, which is characterized by a bilateral, asymmetric increase in blessing lymph nodes;
2 stage - infiltration of pulmonary fabric (impregnation or ingress in lung tissue biological fluid, cell elements, chemical substances);
3 Stage - the pulmonary form of sarcoidosis - is characterized by a sealing of connective tissue with the formation of scar changes. Lymph nodes do not increase.

The disease is classified by the rate of development of the inflammatory process:

chronic process
delayed,
progressive sarcoidosis
absurient sarcoidosis.

Phases of the flow of pulmonary sarcoidosis:

the phase of exacerbation,
a period of stable state
phase sketching.

Sarcoidosis does not have a pronounced clinical picture and even possibly asymptomatic flow.

The first symptoms of sarcoidosis of the lungs manifest themselves:

increasing temperature,
joint pain,
bad sleep
fast fatiguability,
general weakness
lack of appetite,
loss of considerable body weight.

As the disease progress, other symptoms are joined:

cough,
wheezing
disturbance and depth of breathing,
pain in the chest
defeat skin and lymph nodes.

For strong cough It is possible to exhibit sputum with blood admixture. The work of other organs is disturbed, which can lead to a violation of the function of the heart and lungs. A spleen and liver may be affected. If the liver is significantly increased, the patient is bothering the severity in the right hypochondrium.

Sarcoidosis of the 2 degree is the pathology of the respiratory organs.

At this stage, intragenuous lymph nodes are increased and granuloma develops in pulmonary fabric.

The first signs of pathology appear. The patient complains of fatigue, dry cough, easy sensations In chest and chest pain.

Such complaints are a reason to appeal to the doctor and full examination patient. It is difficult to determine the diagnosis, since sarcoidosis has a similar clinical picture with other pulmonary pathologies.

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Types of diagnosis of disease

The disease is diagnosed based on clinical manifestations, anamnesis and hereditary predisposition.

Assign general analysis Blood in which, if there is this pathology, there will be:

leukocytosis
elevated soe,
eosinophils.

computer tomography of the lungs,
bronchoscopy.

The most efficient method of diagnosis is a histological analysis.

It is carried out above the material, which is taken at bronchoscopy or biopsy. Also reliable is the test of Cveun. Enter specific antigen.

For a positive result Samples are formed by the crimson-red nodule.

In asymptomatic flow, the disease is detected with a preventive x-ray study.
Be sure to test the manta. In case of sarcoidosis disease, it is negative, which indicates a weak immunite.

Treatment and complications of sarcoidosis

The disease has a long development, therefore, the patient all this period is under the supervision of a specialist. Drug treatment Sarcoidosis of the lungs spend depending on the periods of the disease.

The patient is on dispensary accounting.

There are several accounting groups:

patients with an active form of the disease
patients with primary diagnosis of lung sarcoidosis,
patients in the exacerbation period
patients with residual signs of the disease.

In order, the patient is two years with a favorable forecast. In more heavy cases up to five years Then the patient is removed from dispensary accounting.

Be sure to treat:

anti-inflammatory drugs
steroids,
immunosuppressants
antioxidants.

Specific treatment on this moment No, since the exact causes of the development of the disease are not installed.

During the treatment of the patient observes protein diet, from limited consumption Salt.

Most often complications hide the respiratory organs and cardiovascular vascular system. These include a pulmonary heart syndrome.

With this condition:

thickened heart wall,
blood circulation is broken.

This leads to heart failure.
Emphysema of lungs, tuberculosis, violation of bronchial patency develops.

Forecast of disease treatment

Often the disease is of benign. Since the current is without clinical manifestations, the condition does not bring discomfort to the patient.
In 35% of the illness of the disease turns into a chronic form. Such patients are under the supervision of the doctor.

They are carried out by the prevention of respiratory failure, which often develops with such a state.
A small percentage of the fallen period of cure occurs immediately, after the first healing course.

In other cases, the patient has an exacerbation of the disease for many years.

The pathology is much easier to cure if it was discovered in the initial stages. Therefore, you should not neglect a preventive examination.

Necessary preventive activities

First of all it is recommended to lead healthy image Life, do not smoke.
It is as little as possible to eat products that contain non-natural components.

Limit the use of chemicals.
The probability of the development of sarcoidosis arises from those patients who have pathologies in the work of the immune system.

With minor suspicions, they must seek advice from a specialist and take care of their health.

Already sick should be carefully related to their health and prevent aggravation of the disease. They are recommended to limit calcium consumption. Sarcoidosis leads to the formation of stones in bladder bubbleAnd calcium accelerates this process. Also limited to stay in the sun.

Vitamin D, which is produced under the action of sunlight, contributes to calcium production.
It is necessary to reduce the effects of harmful chemicals, increase the immune reactivity of the body.

If you suffer shortness of breath and constant cough, you need to take advice from a specialist and test your health.

The survey needs to people:

if the rash is not held on the body,
when losing weight,
if fast fatigue appeared,
the body temperature rises.

Those who have already diagnosed this disease must be under the supervision of the doctor all the time.

Whether sarcoidosis of the lungs is infected

A number of tests were conducted, which showed that such a disease can be inherited to the nearest relatives.

Some scientists believe that such a disease may appear as a result of weakening protective functions organism.

He is not viral diseaseSo, when contacting patients with sarcoidosis, easy to get infected and get sick, that is, sarcoidosis of the lungs is not infected.

Treatment at home with the help of folk remedies

Such a disease can be treated at home by folk remedies, but only in the case when the disease does not progress, and the patient does not need urgent hospitalization. Folk Methods Can very effectively treat this disease, just not to neglect the help of a qualified specialist.

As home Treatment are used herbal teas and tincture:

Mix in equal proportions of grass: Altea's root, a hustlela bird, calendula flowers, sage, oregano. One spoon of the mixture of the mixture is pouring 200-250 ml of boiling water, and put it out one hour. After that, strain and drink a quarter portion before meals is taking three times a day. After a month of reception, take a break for 4-5 days.
Mix 5 spoons of nettles and the same number of Hypericum, add spoonful of peppermint, calendula flowers, cleanliness, plantain, chamomile, bird's mountaineering, turn, lapping and coltsfoot. One spoon of a mixture to brew in 0.5 liter of water, insist one hour. Drink every day before meals.
A good effect shows an infusion based on beaper gland. For 0.5 liters of vodka you need 200 g glands. All mix and take 20 drops three times a day. To strengthen efficiency, you should add bearings or badger fat.
The tincture of propolis is also able to help with such a disease. It can be bought in any pharmacy. An hour before meals, take 20-25 drops, diluing them with water.
It is very useful to use rubbing with a tincture of lilac flowers. Third part of a glass of fresh flowers pour 200 ml of vodka or diluted alcohol. All this is mixed in the tanks, close the lid, and send it to the dark and cool place for the week. This tincture should be rubbed into the skin on the chest and on the back opposite the lungs. If the temperature rose, it is impossible to shoot it, as this is a sign of the performance of rubbing.
Sarcoidosis of the lungs is treated with a tincture of a pink radiol. 20 drops for half an hour before meals in the morning and before dinner.
Make a decoction of ginseng root and eat every day before eating for 20-25 drops.
A spoonful of vodka mix with a spoon of unrefined sunflower oil and take three times a day for a day for ten days. After that, take a break in five days, and continue treatment.

Features of food during sarcoidosis

A special diet for the treatment of such a disease is not. But, there are several recommendations that must be followed. Since this disease is considered inflammatory, it makes it smears to sharpen, if you eat products that contain a large amount of carbohydrates.

Thus, it is impossible to eat:

chocolate;
flour products;
puff pastry products;
carbonated water;
roast;
spicy dishes.

It is not necessary to exclude onions and garlic, they are very useful, and favorably affect the condition of the body, while improves the name system.

During the sarcoidosis of the lungs in the body, the amount of calcium increases, which leads to the formation of calcium stones in urinary trait (kidneys, ureters, urinary bubble).

Therefore, it is worth refraining of use:

sour cream;
milk;
solid cheese;
cottage cheese;
kefir.

With sarcoidosis of the lungs, you need to ensure that the food is quickly absorbed and has been full. The product is better to stew, cook or cook for a couple. Also, food intake must be performed regularly, small portions 4-5 times a day.

With this disease, you can eat such products:

meat is low-fat;
sea fish;
eggs;
cereals;
black bread;
vegetables;
fruits.

Very useful are such products like:

sea \u200b\u200bbuckthorn;
garnet;
cherry;
sea cabbage;
peas;
beans;
oatmeal;
gooseberry;
currant;
rowan;
all kinds of nuts;
raspberries.

It is recommended to use as much fresh juices as possible. Especially useful carrot, apple, pomegranate. They have a lot of vitamins and trace elements that help to restore normal functioning lungs.

Defeat of lymphatic nodes

Sarcoidosis can manifest itself in the lesion of lymph nodes in the groin area, armpits, as well as in the cervical and subclavian area. He can also hit lymph nodes that are in the abdominal cavity. The pathological process is expressed in a significant increase and tumidity of lymphatic nodes. But, with palpation of pain no, it is only possible to visually notice and try to forgive small moving seals. Leather color also does not change.

Very often there is a defeat in the field of chest. This creates some problems with the establishment of an accurate diagnosis, especially on early stages Diseases. This is due to the fact that an increase in breast lymph nodes can be found with tuberculosis. To identify the disease helps biopsy - study of the tissue sample.

If a person picked up sarcoidosis of lymph nodes, then the first symptoms are acute pain And the severity in the stomach, frequent liquid chair. Sometimes, together with this disease, you can observe the defeat of the spleen.

Such a disease is the second name - sarcoidosis of the Beck. The symptoms are very extensive, and can lead to the defeat of many internal organs and systems.

It affects the condition:

lungs;
bones;
nervous system;
organs of vision;
glands of domestic secretion;
joints;
skin cover.

Most often, the diseases of the senior age group are exposed to such a disease. Diagnostics are carried out as a result of laboratory and x-ray studies. Set accurate diagnosis It is quite difficult, so they are often resorted to additional studies, for example, the Reaction of Kweyn.