What is allergic arthritis? Allergic arthritis and infectious-allergic arthritis in children

Allergic arthritis appears as a result of the reaction of the immune system to the activity of foreign antigens. This arthritis is expressed by the onset of the inflammatory process of a single joint (monoarthritis) or several (polyarthritis). More often, this ailment occurs in the hip, knee joints.

Allergic arthritis is more common in children and young girls

Infectious-allergic arthritis, including in children, is eliminated longer than allergic arthritis, however, the effectiveness of therapy for these types of inflammation is the same. Young girls (about 75% of patients) and children are more likely to suffer from this kind of arthritis.

The causes of allergic arthritis are:

Allergic arthritis: symptoms

Visible manifestations of allergic arthritis can occur over a period of time. If the disease was a consequence of the body's reaction to a vaccine or medicine, then symptoms may occur on the same day or the next. If arthritis is provoked external factor(food, wool, pollen, etc.), the symptoms can be noticed both immediately and within a week. Infectious-allergic polyarthritis often makes itself felt after 2-3 weeks.

Weakness, elevated temperature and pain are the main symptoms of allergic arthritis

Allergic arthritis, including in children, manifests itself through:

pain, swelling around the joint. With the defeat of the hip, knee joints, the slightest movement is difficult, especially when standing up, walking. After being in one position for a long time discomfort intensify;
fever, lacrimation, nausea are possible;
flushing of the skin, rash;
general lethargy, weakness.

Diagnostics

To establish the cause of the disease, advance an accurate diagnosis, the doctor will recommend the following procedures:

study of the composition of the intra-articular fluid (taking a puncture). The liquid is sown, and the specialist determines which pathogen is causing the arthritis;
blood test (to determine the presence of an inflammatory process);
Joint ultrasound. It is especially informative in case of damage to large joints.

Allergic arthritis: treatment

The first thing to do is to exclude contact with the allergen.

Then start treating the disease.

Popular is next treatment arthritis:

Taking antihistamines in a course;
You will learn all the details about antihistamines from the video:
Taking antibiotics (if an infection is detected). The type of antibiotic is prescribed based on the type of pathogen. Treatment of infectious-allergic arthritis in children and adults requires a course of taking antibacterial drugs for at least a week, taking into account the patient's age;
Welcome. They should be taken until the inflammation disappears;
Use against inflammation is possible.

After the acute phase of the disease is completed, you can start massage, exercise therapy.

Remember that the treatment of the disease will be most effective if you see a doctor in a timely manner.

If you have chronic infectious diseases (for example, tonsillitis), check your joints, especially if they bother you. Take care of yourself!

The reasons contributing to the development of the disease are as follows:

Intestinal, genitourinary infections (arthritis is a complication of the underlying ailment).
Viral infections - hepatitis B, rubella, enteroviruses, parvoviruses.
Postponed art streptococcal infection (most often formed after unsuccessful vaccination).

There are two types of arthritis caused by an allergic reaction of the body: allergic arthritis itself and infectious-allergic arthritis, which should not be confused. Infectious-allergic and allergic arthritis have a similar course and symptoms. Let's consider both types.

Allergic arthritis

The cause of the development of allergic arthritis is a defect in the immune system, as a result of which a person develops an individual hypersensitivity or intolerance to certain foods, pollen, animal hair, some medicines etc. When these allergens enter the body again, antibodies are produced in it, which combine with a foreign substance and are deposited in various tissues.

When they are deposited in the articular tissue, an inflammatory process develops, accompanied by symptoms of arthritis.

When an allergen enters the body for the first time, allergic arthritis usually does not develop: after the first hit of an allergen, an immune response to this substance is formed in the body.

Allergic arthritis affects people prone to allergies: this is why allergic arthritis is most often detected even in childhood.

Symptoms of allergic arthritis include:

acute onset of the disease, which manifests itself immediately when an allergen enters the body;
are amazed large joints: pain increases especially when moving and after rest;
the affected joints swell, the temperature of the tissues above them is increased;
there is an allergic rash on the skin and itching;
the disease may be accompanied by other allergy symptoms: Quincke's edema, bronchospasm;
possible nausea and vomiting, fever, diarrhea, tachycardia.

The appearance of this disease directly depends on the body's sensitivity to foreign proteins and any food products that contain them. It follows from this that such a reaction can develop in any child with an allergy to any product or substance.

More about allergic arthritis >>

The hip joint is one of the most stressed in human body... For this reason, he is susceptible to various injuries and diseases.

Of course, nature made sure that he was the strongest and made him the largest in the human body. However, this does not guarantee him complete protection against various diseases leading to loss of mobility.

The mechanism of development of the disease
Inflammation symptoms
Causes of inflammation of the hip joint
Causes of joint inflammation in children
Diagnostics
Treatment of inflammation of the hip joint

The most common problem medical nature- inflammation of the hip joint. This disease most often affects the elderly, but in recent decades, doctors have noted that young people and even children are beginning to suffer from inflammation.

Inflammation of the hip joint is still uncommon in young people, but doctors are facing this problem with increasing frequency. Therefore, it will be useful for all people to find out the causes of the development of inflammation of the hip joint, the symptoms and treatment of the disease.

The mechanism of development of the disease

The hip joint accounts for the entire mass of our body. Because of this, he is constantly injured at the micro level, which ultimately leads to rapid wear of the articular surfaces.

Moreover, the more intense and harder a person's physical work, the faster the hip joint wears out. Inflammation against this background develops quickly enough, especially if the articular surfaces receive a large number of points of contact.

Also, various viral and infectious diseases can affect the development of the disease.

From the very beginning, the inflammation manifests itself as severe pain in the hip. However, they do not last long.

The unpleasant sensations pass, but they are followed by a gradual limitation of the mobility of the hip joint. From that moment on, the disease begins to progress rapidly.

If at this stage you do not begin to provide medical care to the patient, then after a while he will begin to limp severely, and then receive disability, since the hip joint will completely lose its mobility.

Inflammation symptoms

Arthritis in children and its types

Infectious-allergic arthritis is subdivided as follows:

Toxic-allergic. Several joints are involved in the pathological process, therefore it is classified as polyarthritis.
Bacterial-metastatic.

Types of disease:

Children's arthritis is a whole group of diseases, one of the symptoms of which is inflammation of the joints. Among the main causes of damage articular apparatus include injuries, infections, allergic reactions and malfunctions of the immune system.

In children, arthritis can be both chronic and acute, proceed both favorably and leave behind severe consequences, affect one joint or several at once.

In this article, we will look at why a child's joints become inflamed, how to suspect something was wrong and what to do in such cases.

Causes of arthritis in a child

There are many reasons for the development of joint inflammation in children. Consider only those that are most common.

Rheumatic arthritis in children ranks first in prevalence and is one of the symptoms of rheumatism, or acute rheumatic fever.

The development of the disease is based on a genetic tendency and the provoking effect of a bacterial infection, especially group A streptococci. A risk factor for the development of rheumatoid arthritis can be angina, nasopharyngitis, otitis media, streptoderma, scarlet fever and other bacterial infections.

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is the second most common. It is a systemic autoimmune chronic progressive inflammation of the joints of unknown etiology, which mainly affects children under 16 years of age.

The peak incidence occurs at 5-6 and 12-14 years old, girls get sick 2 times more often than boys.

In addition to the joint, the disease can cause damage to internal organs, which lead to serious complications, such as heart disease or chronic renal failure.

Rheumatoid inflammation with progression pathological process often leads to deformation of the joints, their subluxation, damage to the ligaments, muscle atrophy, which is the reason for the loss of their function and disability of the child.

Reactive arthritis is an inflammation of the components of the joint of an infectious etiology, although the genetic tendency to such a disease plays an important role.

Arthritis develops as a result of a transferred extra-articular infection, therefore, the inflammation is considered aseptic. There are 2 groups of reactive arthritis:

post-enterocolitic (cause - intestinal infections) caused by Yersinia, Salmonella, dysentery bacillus, Escherichia, etc.;
urogenital (causes - urinary tract infections) caused by chlamydia, ureaplasma, mycoplasma, Escherichia coli, etc.

Infection can enter the joint in two ways: through the blood or directly from the external environment with an open injury.

Allergic arthritis most often develops as a complication after vaccination, with hypersensitivity child's body to any foods or other allergens, medicines.

Symptoms of the disease

Symptoms of this disease are characterized by sudden onset. The gradual maturation of signs is observed in rather rare cases.

Swelling of the joint occurs, which is accompanied by increased soreness. As a rule, several joints are affected at the same time, and may be affected various groups represented by ankle, knee, wrist or small joints.

The process of development of the disease is accompanied by moderate or mild pain, which is most felt during movement; an increase in temperature, both local and general; chills; the appearance of an allergic rash; functional disorders or changes in the contours of the joints, which is rare.

If the hip joint is affected, the pain is localized in the groin area. In the case of infectious-allergic arthritis in children, the above symptoms are complemented by vomiting and nausea, agitated, nervous state, which is accompanied by frequent whims of the child and his unwillingness to eat.

Often a small patient complains of pain in the arms and legs, or his lameness becomes obvious. Changes in the work of the respiratory organs and the cardiovascular system can also be observed, which is explained by disturbances in the metabolic processes occurring in the heart muscle.

Symptoms largely depend on the form of the course of the disease. So, with an acute form of arthritis, pronounced symptoms can be observed for 2-3 weeks.

In the case of subacute arthritis, the symptoms are sluggish, and the duration of the attack can be up to 1.5 months.

Allergic arthritis has a number of clinical signs, which make it possible to distinguish it from arthritis of a different nature.

The first signs of the disease appear after 5-10 days from the moment of contact with the allergen
The defeat of large articular joints (knee, elbow joint)
Stiffness of movement of the inflamed articular node
Redness of the skin area and tissue swelling around the inflamed joint
Aching pain, aggravated by stress on the affected joint
Accumulation of fluid in the cavity of the articular joint.

except specific symptoms, general allergic manifestations are possible, such as itching, runny nose, urticaria, lacrimation. In addition, arthritis can be accompanied by a feeling of general malaise, weakness, and fatigue. A slight increase in body temperature is possible.

Diagnostics

The difficulty of making the correct diagnosis is in the similarity of the manifestations of allergic arthritis with other diseases. The relationship between the development of joint damage and exposure to allergens is of great importance.

The doctor must examine the patient, record the nature of the symptoms. A general blood test is performed, in which attention is paid to ESR and the number of eosinophils.

X-ray examination for allergic arthritis will not reveal pathological changes, since there is no destruction of bone tissue. Ultrasound of the joints is informative for the diagnosis of allergic arthritis.

Expansion of the articular cavity, the presence of turbid sediment and effusion can be detected. For a final diagnosis, a puncture of the joint with an examination of the exudate can be performed.

If allergic arthritis occurs, eosinophils and immune complexes are found in the material.

The principles of diagnosis are based on the study of the patient:

Taking anamnesis - establishing a connection between articular damage and infectious and allergic diseases, identifying the features of the course of the disease.
Establishment of characteristic clinical data (presence of inflammation, pain syndrome, deformities, progressive limitation of mobility). A physical examination is carried out for the presence of soft tissue compaction, local swelling, pain on palpation, changes in temperature on the skin surface, effusion.
Availability of laboratory data on the presence of an inflammatory process. Clinical analysis blood counts may show high levels of eosinophils, granulocytes (neutrophilic), streptococcal antibody titers.
X-ray data (ankylosis, joint space narrowing, etc.). The method can be used during differential diagnosis.
According to indications - research synovial fluid.

For children with infectious-allergic arthritis, it should be organized special meals, excluding the presence of allergens in food.

The correct diagnosis of this disease is largely complicated by the fact that allergic arthritis whose symptoms are similar to some diseases. It is quite easy to get confused here, even for an experienced specialist. So, the signs of gout, rheumatic fever, borreliosis are very similar to allergic arthritis. Therefore, in order to make the correct diagnosis, a specialist must conduct a thorough examination of the patient, study the information from his medical card in detail and send him to the necessary tests, the results of which would confirm this or that disease. At the same time, all experts pay attention to the fact that the symptoms of arthritis develop against the background of infectious diseases, which indicates the presence of a serious illness in the body. Additional research consists of:

biopsies;
sowing synovial urine and blood, mucus from the cervix and tissue around the joints.

The diagnosis of the disease in children largely depends on the course of the attacks. So, in acute infectious-allergic arthritis, the ESR indicator data increase to 40-50 mm / h.

Also, a blood test indicates changes in the direction of an increase in the rate of neutrophilic granulocytes and eosinophils, which is the first sign of suppurative processes.

In many children, titers of streptococcal antibodies in an amount exceeding the established norm were also noted.

But under conditions of a subacute course of the disease in a child, all of the above indicators remain within the normal range, or their changes are insignificant.

If children have symptoms of allergic arthritis, the doctor should take a detailed history. The specialist is obliged to learn about allergies to any food, as well as how the symptoms manifest.

In addition to a detailed history, the doctor must examine the patient, in particular, examine the rash, joints. In addition to an external examination, it is necessary to donate blood to identify the causative agents of arthritis.

So in the presence of allergic arthritis in children, the blood contains an increased concentration of eosinophils. And the affected joint is detected using an ultrasound examination.

But despite these procedures, the disease may not be recognized. In this case, the specialist should conduct a biopsy.

Treatment

It is necessary to treat allergic arthritis comprehensively. The therapy regimen will depend on the causes of the disease, its form and the severity of symptoms. The main task is to eliminate the provoking factor.

Drug therapy

If an infectious agent has become the cause of acute inflammation, specific antibiotic therapy is prescribed for 7 days:

Erythromycin;
Amoxil;
Amoxiclav.

To stop the intensity of the inflammatory process, NSAIDs are used:

Diclofenac;
Nimesil;
Ibuprofen.

In parallel with anti-inflammatory therapy, antiallergic therapy is carried out using antihistamines:

For local treatment, apply anti-inflammatory ointments to the area of inflamed joints:

Diklak;
Long;
Ketonazole;
Tsinepar.

For subacute allergic arthritis, it is preferable to use steroid drugs:

Corticosteroids are appropriate to use in the form of injections for severe disease, slow resorption of exudate in the joint cavity. If treatment is not started on time, irreversible changes can occur in the joints, up to tissue necrosis and limb deformation.

Sore joints need rest. To provide them correct position, sometimes a soft fixation bandage is applied.

How to cure skin allergies with folk remedies? Check out a selection of effective recipes. Read about whether there can be an allergy to beer and how to recognize its presence at this address.

html and learn about heat urticaria and how to treat the condition.
.

Physiotherapy procedures

Physiotherapy will help speed up recovery:

paraffin therapy;
peat applications;
diathermy;
treatment with ozokerite.

Complex pathogenetic therapy is being implemented, the main goal of which is as follows:

1. Correction of the patient's immunological and general reactivity:

The use of desensitizing pharmacological agents.
Use of immunosuppressive medications.
Impact on infectious foci.
Restoration of metabolism.
Normalization of vitamin balance.

2. Elimination of general and local localizations of inflammation:

Implementation of physiotherapy techniques.
The use of medications, including hormonal drugs.
Kurortnoe / spa treatment.

3. Restoration of functional activity of joints:

Therapeutic gymnastic exercises.
Massage.
Physiotherapy.
Balneotherapy is a treatment based on general and local baths with mineral water.

4. Therapy of the main pathological process - allergies.

Pharmacological agents

Groups medications used to treat children are listed below.

Anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs:

"Diclofenac" (no more than 100 mg daily in two doses).
"Ibuprofen" (depending on age, 200-1000 mg daily).
"Indomethacin" (young children are prescribed ½ pill 2 r / day, in older children - up to 100 mg daily).
Voltaren.
"Butadion".
"Naproxen" (an average of 250-750 mg daily).
"Acetylsalicylic acid" (after eating 3-4 r / day).

Medicines return mobility to the affected tissues, eliminate inflammation, and relieve pain.

Desensitizing agents:

Antibiotics:

"Minocycline".
"Doxycycline".

The drugs are prescribed to be taken strictly in certain cases.

In young children, arthritis is most often diagnosed between the ages of 12 months and four years.

Glucocorticosteroids:

"Perdnisolone" (taken orally 1 mg / kg - daily).
"Metipred", "Diprospan" - intra-articular.

Drugs are used for treatment heavy forms ailment when non-steroidal drugs ineffective.

Immunosuppressive drugs:

Other drugs:

Etanercept.
Tocilizumab.

Treatment of allergic arthritis in the first place should be aimed at limiting contact with the allergen that provokes the inflammatory process. To relieve allergic reactions, antihistamines are prescribed, such as Diazolin, Loratadin, Suprastin.

Inflamed joint rest is necessary, therefore, if possible, the movement of the articular nodes should be limited with the help of soft bandaging.

To reduce the intensity of pain, the joint can be warmed with dry heat. Taking analgesics will help relieve pain with medication. All kinds of anti-inflammatory gels and ointments are also widely used, which relieve swelling and pain.

Before treatment, be sure to consult with your doctor to choose individual treatment, which will be most effective in this particular case and will help to avoid negative consequences.

Treatment of allergic arthritis in children takes place in three stages:

Elimination of contact with allergens. At this stage, it is recommended to stop contact with all possible allergens. It is better to play it safe and exclude all possible allergens from contact with the patient so that the disease does not receive nourishment. During this period, the child needs to be given a lot of water in order to flush allergens from the body. Eliminate them is required immediately after the detection of symptoms of the disease in children.
Appointment drugs and peace. At the very beginning, the doctor prescribes antihistamines. If they do not work properly, hormonal agents are prescribed. In addition to hormones, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed to eliminate pain. The affected joints must be kept at rest. For this, a pastel mode is recommended.
Physiotherapy. At the beginning of drug treatment, all the symptoms of allergic arthritis in children quickly disappear, but the doctor will still advise physiotherapy. And he will also prescribe a course of massage for the affected joints.

Allergic arthritis treatment should be comprehensive. At acute current diseases, you must adhere to the following recommendations:

If the pathology was provoked by an infectious agent, it is necessary to carry out specific antibiotic therapy, to which the pathogenic microorganism is sensitive. Without a sensitivity test, Amoxicillin or Erythromycin can be prescribed. The antibiotic should be taken for at least a week at the age-specific dosage.
To reduce the intensity of the process, non-hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs are used - Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Indomethacin. Continue taking the medicine until the process subsides completely.
To reduce the allergic mood, it is necessary to drink a course of antihistamines - Diazolin, Suprastin, Tavegil, Zirtek, Fenistil.
You can apply local anti-inflammatory ointments and creams - Dolgit, Cinepar, Ketonal. They reduce the severity of inflammation and relieve pain.

The subacute course of arthritis often becomes the reason for the prescription of steroids - Prednisolone or Hydrocortisone. With a protracted process, without adequate treatment, an irreversible change in the joint occurs, leading to the development of necrosis, limb deformation and impaired movement.

Before treatment, you should accurately determine the cause of arthritis and exclude any contact with the allergen. In chronic processes (tonsillitis, sinusitis), you need to regularly carry out healing procedures, avoid hypothermia.

Prevention of infectious-allergic arthritis

Preventive measures should be carried out in two directions.

Non-specific activities:

Correct feeding of the child (if possible, natural breastfeeding, selection of special high-quality mixtures).
Organization of the daily routine.
Regular hardening (air baths, water treatments).
Gymnastics, including daily physical activity, active recreation.
Prevention of pathologies of pregnancy and prematurity.

Specific activities:

Prevention of the development of infections.
If the disease develops - early treatment.
Timely treatment of caries, diseases of the tonsils, ENT organs.

Parents should be attentive to the state of health of their child. The earlier the diagnosis is carried out, the earlier treatment will begin with a high chance of a favorable outcome. Effective therapy returns children to a full quality of life, without compromising their physical activity.

Know-how in the treatment of arthritis:

Disease prevention consists of measures to prevent the development of diseases that are infectious in nature, which provoke the appearance of infectious-allergic arthritis.

Therefore, it is extremely important to maintain immunity and timely contact a specialist who will be able to identify any disease in time and prescribe the necessary treatment.

Immunity reacts differently to allergens entering the body. On the part of the musculoskeletal system, allergic or infectious-allergic arthritis sometimes appears. These diseases are easily treatable, cause minor harm to the body, but if untreated or with improper therapy, they can recur, which brings discomfort to the patient.

Causes

Both adults and children of both sexes are prone to allergic arthritis. The disease often affects women, and in babies, the most common diagnosis is infectious-allergic arthritis.

The disease can appear in any person, the following categories of people are at risk:

Children with an undeveloped immune system;
Allergy sufferers;
Persons who have undergone injections or joint surgery;
Patients with chronic arthritis, metabolic disorders, diabetes mellitus and sexually transmitted diseases.

Hypothermia, fatigue, severe stress also stimulates the development of allergic arthritis.

Symptoms

When an allergen enters the body, the immune system begins to produce antibodies to protect against foreign microorganisms. The reaction may not appear immediately, but several days after the infection enters the body. Most often, large joints are affected: hip, knee, shoulder or elbow.

The main symptoms of allergic arthritis are:

Swelling in the soft tissue area around the joint;
Redness around the affected area;
Pain in the joint;

If the hip or knee joint was affected, then walking, standing up is difficult. After prolonged stay in one position, the discomfort and pain increase.

Local temperature rise;
The manifestation of other signs of allergy is possible: itching, rashes, bronchospasm, Quincke's edema.
Intoxication of the body: increased body temperature, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, chills.

Symptoms of allergic arthritis in adults and children are identical, but in babies they are more pronounced.

Infectious-allergic arthritis

The cause of the appearance is the ingress of infection into the body and the subsequent allergic reaction to it. The main factors are:

Streptococcus;
Staphylococcus aureus;
Hepatitis B;
Rubella.

The first signs of infection appear after 7-14 days. Symptoms are similar to those of allergic arthritis, but they are complemented by inflammation of the synovium. After 2-3 weeks, the articular syndrome disappears, but after a while, acute pains may recur.

On a note!
Most often, the disease affects several joints. Infectious-allergic polyarthritis is diagnosed in children. Its signs are loss of appetite, deterioration in mood, weakness of the child, change in gait, lameness, frequent falls, and the baby's complaints of joint pain.

Classification

According to the international classifier of diseases, allergic arthritis was assigned the number M13.8.

There are several types of allergic arthritis for various reasons:

A viral or fungal infection can affect several joints at once, then the disease is called polyarthritis;
Nonspecific infectious arthritis develops in response to the effects of an infection that has entered the body;
Distinguish between and;
Depending on the type of pathogen, the tuberculous, syphilitic, fungal or gonorrheal type of the disease is classified;
According to the method of infection, primary and secondary arthritis are distinguished.

There are two main forms of the course of the disease:

Sharp. It is manifested by a sharp swelling and pain in the tissues, it can be accompanied by an attack of asthma and Quincke's edema, but the symptoms quickly disappear with timely treatment. correct treatment;
The subacute form is most often a reaction to medication. To eliminate the need for hormonal and pain relievers. In the absence of therapy, irreversible changes in the joints appear.

Diagnosis of the disease

Only a doctor can make an accurate diagnosis. To do this, he collects an anamnesis based on patient complaints and various studies:

General and biochemical blood analysis;
X-ray picture;
Ultrasound examination;
Puncture of the articular fluid.

Interesting!
With allergic arthritis, the synovial fluid becomes cloudy and heterogeneous, and with an infectious-allergic type of the disease, it contains the bacteria of the pathogen or their antibodies.

Treatment for allergic arthritis

Before starting treatment, it is necessary to completely exclude interaction with the allergen.

First aid for allergic arthritis includes the following points:

Elimination of symptoms of acute arthritis;
Complete rest of the affected joint;
Taking antihistamines.

To get rid of allergic arthritis, complex therapy is used, regardless of the gender and age of the patient.

Most often, drug treatment is prescribed. It includes taking medications for allergies and anti-inflammatory drugs. In rare cases, in the absence of a therapeutic effect, hormonal drugs (Prednisolone, Epinephrine) may be prescribed. They are injected into the affected joint after an allergy test.

Antihistamines relieve pain and joint syndrome. The following remedies are most often recommended:

Suprastin;
Fenistil;
Diphenhydramine;
Pipolfen.

To relieve inflammation and swelling, return mobility to the joint, it is recommended to use non-hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs:

Diclofenac;
Indomethacin;
Aspirin;
Ibuprofen.

If allergic arthritis is caused by an infection, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics wide range actions. After establishing the type of pathogen, narrowly targeted drugs are already prescribed. The duration of therapy is 2-6 weeks, depending on the severity of the disease, in difficult cases, it is allowed to inject the drug into the joint cavity. Usually appoint:

Ceftriaxone;
Levomycetin;
Neomycin;
Minocycline.

Allergic arthritis treatment should be under the strict supervision of a physician. Only he can diagnose and prescribe the appropriate drugs.

Special ointments and creams that are applied to the affected area of the body will help reduce pain and inflammation. When treating, it is worth adhering to the instructions and recommendations of a specialist.

After acute symptoms are relieved, massage, therapeutic exercises and physiotherapy can be added to restore joint tissue and improve mobility. It is possible to use cryotherapy, ultrasound and magnetic therapy.

To protect the joints, chondroprotectors are prescribed to prevent destruction connective tissue, immunostimulating drugs that improve the body's defenses and prevent infection.

If antibiotic treatment fails positive result, then surgery may be required. Usually, only a puncture and debridement of the joint is needed, but in rare cases it is necessary to correct the deformation of the tissues with the help of implants or prostheses.

Allergic arthritis affects people of any gender or age and must be treated when the first signs appear. The prolonged course of the disease provokes the appearance of deformations and wear of the tissues of the joints.

it inflammatory lesion joints, which is based on the reaction of the body, namely, the immune system, to any substances or cells. It can be medicines, food, chemical compounds, viruses, bacteria, protozoa and other agents.

Often, an allergic type of arthritis develops in people with already existing other joint pathologies and is one of the forms of the next exacerbation of the disease. Allergic arthropathy is most common in women and children.

Etiology: what are the reasons

The disease is based on hypersensitivity to certain substances. Depending on the allergen, a distinction is made between allergic and infectious-allergic arthritis.

The causes of allergic arthritis are varied.

Internal:

Exposure to serum administered as a prophylaxis for disease. It triggers the production of special cells in the human body, and the immune system can recognize them as foreign, activating inflammation (post-immunization arthritis).
Lack or excess of vitamin D or A; trace elements: silicon, copper, selenium or zinc.

food (most often milk, eggs, pork, cod, cereals);
cosmetics, household chemicals;
medicines;
harmful industrial fumes, air pollution;
animal hair;
pollen.

Other causes are physical factors - burns, frostbite, injury, severe stress. That is, any impact that can lead to drastic change in the work of the immune system.

On a note! In the medical history of a person with allergic arthritis, bronchial asthma, intolerance to some medicine or product often appear.

When pathogenic microorganisms become provocateurs of inflammation, they talk about infectious-allergic arthritis. More often than others, the reaction is caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and tuberculosis bacillus, streptococcal and staphylococcal bacteria, gonococcus.

The risk group for developing an infectious-allergic type of arthritis includes persons:

recently administered intra-articular injections;
with rheumatoid arthritis;
cancer patients;
with red systemic lupus and sickle cell anemia;
HIV-infected people;
diabetics;
with injuries or after joint surgery;
suffering from drug or alcohol addiction;
suffering from STDs and leading active sex life without means of preventing sexually transmitted infections.

ICD code 10

V international classification diseases, allergic arthritis was assigned the number M13.8. As for the infectious nature of arthritis, there are a number of codes depending on the type of infection. For example:

M03.0 * - arthritis after meningococcal infection;
M03.1 * - arthropathy after syphilis;
M36.4 * - arthritis in hypersensitivity reactions;
M02.2 - post-immunization arthropathy;
and many others.

The inflammatory process in the joints can be caused by various factors... So, the most common reasons arthritis in children with juvenile form of the disease:

burdened heredity (HLA-B27 antigen);
musculoskeletal system injuries;
transferred infections;
use of protein preparations.

In this case, inflammation is associated with autoimmune processes occurring in the articular tissues. That is, the body produces antibodies that form persistent complexes with antigens of the connective tissue of the joint and have a damaging effect.

Psoriatic arthritis is similar in development, the cause of which is most likely the autoimmune processes that develop against the background of psoriasis.

Reactive and allergic joint damage has a slightly different mechanism. Here, immune complexes are initially formed not with the proteins of the child's own tissues, but as a result of the reaction of antigens with antibodies introduced from the outside (bacterial antigens or allergens).

In this case, reactive inflammation develops more often after salmonellosis or dysentery. Its appearance on the background is also characteristic. inflammatory diseases genitourinary system (chlamydia, ureaplasmosis).

"Articular rheumatism" is also complicated by streptococcal infections.

The body's reaction mechanism

When an allergen enters the body, the defense system begins to develop protective antibodies. But instead of attacking allergens, these antibodies (which are protein complexes) remain in the joints of the bones, attack their own cells and tissues, and as a result, inflammation begins.

If the disease affects children, then all the symptoms appear with lightning speed, inflammatory processes develop very quickly, the general condition worsens (the child suffers from nausea, sometimes accompanied by vomiting, not only local, but also general body temperature rises, lethargy, apathy, lack of appetite appear ).

The process itself is characterized by a lack of symmetry and often leads to a systemic reaction, as a result of which severe bronchospasm and laryngeal edema are possible, which are removed only in a hospital setting.

Reasons for the development of allergic arthritis

The main reason is a malfunction in the body, due to which immunity weakens. Violations are caused by allergens: pollen from flowering plants, pet hair, mites or household chemicals. Allergic arthritis manifests itself against the background of taking medication with protracted treatment another disease.

Allergic arthritis is characterized by vivid and very noticeable symptoms that are difficult to miss. First of all, these are the following changes:

Most often, the reaction occurs eight to ten days after contact with the allergen substance or transfer infectious disease.
Strong painful sensations in the area of the joints of the bones. Their intensity depends on which joints are affected and to what extent.
Redness and local fever in the affected joint.
Noticeable swelling that impedes even the simplest movements.
Usually at least two fingers are affected.
If a patient has an acute serum allergy, almost half of the joint is affected.
Changes in the condition of the skin around the eyes (in the form of a rash that resembles hives or even eczema), the appearance of unpleasant itching.
The respiratory tract can be affected, rhinitis develops, a burning sensation appears in the nose, a person often sneezes, suffers from increased mucus secretion. Bronchospasm is possible.
If there is a reaction to the eyes, conjunctivitis with redness on the eyelids, dislike for harsh light, blepharitis may appear.
Most often, allergic arthritis targets the large joints (elbows to knees), although with a rheumatoid type of ailment, hands and feet can also suffer.
The whole process lasts on average about a month, and the disease is treated with favorable prognosis.
With a new contact with an allergen, after hypothermia or the transfer of another infectious disease, arthritis may return.

Signs can appear quite quickly, or a couple of weeks after the allergen enters the body. Because of the pain, the person begins to limp, protects the joints.

The most unpleasant thing is that an allergen can be anything: medicines, everyday chemicals for the house, pollen from the hair of any animals, as well as animal secretions, house dust, even ticks, especially medicines and, of course, infectious agents (most often these are associated with earlier past disease streptococcal nature).

Selected varieties

There are two types of arthritis associated with an excessive immune response:

Consider the common types of allergic arthropathy.

Toxic-allergic

This type of arthritis affects several joints at once and is considered polyarthritis. It can be caused by infections and serious illnesses:

brucellosis;
tuberculosis;
gonorrhea and other STIs;
respiratory tract infections;
intestinal diseases.

Signs of developing allergic arthritis

Infectious-allergic arthritis is a pathological development of the disease. Rheumatoid arthritis cannot be compared with other types of the disease. Symptoms:

The disease is noticeable seventeen days later, after suffering an infectious disease, which is not so noticeable. Sometimes, upon contact with an allergen, the disease manifests itself in an hour.
The first sign is inflammation of the knee or other affected area, there is swelling and redness, and the temperature rises. When pain appears, movements become constrained and impossible,.
The period lasts for several days.
Infectious-allergic arthritis affects large joints. The causes of stiff and awkward movements in the inflammation of the joints.
The inflammation goes away after a month with the treatment.
Thanks to equipment and new methods, the treatment brings results.
After repeated contact with an allergen or due to hypothermia, relapses occur.

Symptoms and causes of the disease

Inflammation can affect not only small joints, but also large joints, the synovium, and cause mild or tolerable pain. At the same time, on examination using an X-ray, there will be no disorders in the joint, no deformations, the synovial fluid retains its normal viscosity and natural composition. After some time, the inflammatory process fades away and disappears without affecting the internal organs. Acute symptoms may include fever, rash, and abnormalities normal state body. In blood tests, specialists will see increased ESR, too many neutrophilic granulocytes, both streptococcal and eosinophil titers increase. Symptoms subside after recovery, which takes about three weeks. If the disease is not acute, it will last about six weeks without causing bright abnormalities in blood tests. However, the following symptoms come to light:

The patient begins to refuse food.
Constant whims begin nervous state.
Child walks worse, starts limping if legs are affected, or avoids using hands if joints are affected upper limbs.
There are complaints of painful sensations in the affected joints.
The affected joints themselves begin to swell and swell.
Not only general, but also local temperature rise is possible.
The disease may be accompanied by habitual symptoms infectious nature (headaches, malaise, weakness and even nausea).

Much less often there are problems with the respiratory system or the cardiovascular system. Symptoms of the disease can be easily confused with other types of arthritis, so it cannot be diagnosed independently in any case.

At the first signs of illness, you need to show the child to the doctor. In addition, the symptoms of the disease may be mild due to the fact that the patient was most likely taking anti-inflammatory drugs to treat a previous infectious disease.

Clinical manifestations of allergic arthritis develop immediately after contact with the allergen or after 7-10 days. The main symptom- pain in one or more joints. It can be of different intensity.

On a note! Pain in arthritis is special in that it intensifies either after a prolonged state of rest or being in an uncomfortable position, or with severe stress on the joint.

Arthritis in children manifests itself in most cases with the following signs:

pain at rest and during flexion-extension of the limb;
redness over the anatomical joint;
swelling of the periarticular tissues;
an increase in the size of the joint capsule;
temperature increase;
limitation of movement in the limb.

In a child under three years old, it is not always possible to diagnose pathology in a timely manner, since at this age children cannot explain their complaints. They have any discomfort or pain can be expressed by crying, increased irritability, impaired appetite.

Older children often become less active, refuse to practice the variety. However, they can already clearly indicate the location of the pain and describe it.

Juvenile

Allergic arthritis is. Infectious-allergic arthritis in children.

drugs. In pediatrics and pediatric rheumatology, arthritis is detected in every thousandth child.

Most often, the process is difficult and is accompanied by a violation of the general condition of the body. It can also serve as dysentery, botulism or salmonellosis, gonorrhea (hereditary infection).

To prevent acute relapses due to the administration of serum, vaccination should be completely excluded and resort to alternative methods prevention of infectious allergic diseases.

In the event that respiratory infections are the causative agent of infectious-allergic arthritis, in order to avoid a recurrence of the disease, disinfection and sanitation of premises should be carried out regularly, especially during an outbreak of epidemics.

The treatment takes place over a short period of time. When collecting anamnesis, attention is paid to the relationship of arthritis in children with previous rheumatism, bacterial and viral infections, features of the clinical course.

Articular manifestations are characterized by mono- or oligoarthritis: joint swelling, pain, aggravated by movement, discoloration of the skin over the joints (hyperemia or cyanoticity).

Most often this occurs due to infection of a specific area of the skin. Considered below clinical features the most common types of joint inflammation.

Allergic arthritis is an acute pathological change in the joints caused by the body's hypersensitivity to infectious agents and allergens. Pathology is much more common in young girls (in 75% of cases).

Children are also susceptible to arthritis, since their immune system has not yet been fully formed.

Diagnosis of the disease

Allergic arthritis is a disease that requires careful diagnosis and comprehensive treatment. With the rapid development of infectious-allergic arthritis, follow the recommendations:

Diagnosing allergic arthritis is straightforward. The connection with the ingestion of an allergen is obvious.

A careful collection of anamnesis and clarification of hereditary predisposition, intolerance to various substances, reactions to the administration of drugs and vaccines is required.

The acute onset and characteristic manifestations cannot be confused with anything.

Alternatively, with a subacute course, drug arthropathy may develop. At long-term intake For certain medications, a gradually accumulating intolerance reaction is observed with the deposition of immune complexes on the articular surfaces and the development of aseptic inflammation.

Laboratory studies confirm the nature of the disease: in the general blood test, eosinophilia is characteristic with other normal indicators, in biochemistry a specific Ig E protein is detected.

X-ray studies are not indicative, since this type of pathology does not destroy bone tissue and does not lead to cartilage destruction. It is carried out in order to differentiate the disease from other types of articular lesions.

Ultrasound diagnostics is becoming more informative. With its help, the localization of edema, the presence of effusion in the joint space is determined.

Puncture of the joint is carried out in difficult cases; when examining the synovial fluid, circulating immune complexes and antibodies can be detected.

Scarification tests and determination of the titer to special antigens are used as an additional examination with an established diagnosis in order to identify all substances to which a person has developed intolerance.

Diagnostics and treatment

For the purpose of pain relief, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuklin, indomethacin, voltaren) are taken. In the case of a pronounced reaction accompanied by anaphylaxis, glucocorticosteroids (prednisolone, dexamethasone) are used.

Regression of the disease with timely treatment occurs quickly, therefore, physiotherapy or physiotherapy exercises are not required. When combined with damage to other systems, basic treatment of concomitant diseases (antispasmodics, β-blockers, local hormonal drugs in the form of ointments and gels, etc.).

Relief of reactive arthritis begins with the appointment of anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin, nemisulide, ortofen) and broad-spectrum antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins).

Treatment should be comprehensive and include antiallergic drugs (zodak, cetirizine, loratadine), physiotherapy: UHF, electrophoresis, ultraviolet irradiation, paraffin therapy, exercise therapy exercises.

Compliance with diet and intake of vitamins contribute to recovery. In severe cases, joint puncture and oral administration of anti-inflammatory or hormonal drugs are indicated.

The approach should be comprehensive and include several groups of drugs.

Acute form

To stop an allergy attack in and around the joint, as well as relieve inflammation and suppress the activity of pathogenic microbes, use:

Antihistamines - examples: Suprastin, Diazolin, Tavegil, Loratadin;
Antibiotics - Penicillin, Erythromycin, Ampicillin, or others as directed by your doctor;
Anti-inflammatory drugs from the NSAID group - Diclofenac, Indomethacin, Ibuprofen.

The doctor may prescribe steroids. They have many side effects and should be taken as prescribed by your doctor.

Help with chronic course

A protracted form of arthritis of infectious and allergic origin is also treated. but background disease in this case, rheumatoid or infection of the joints most often appears.

And allergy manifests itself only during periods of exacerbations. Therefore, treatment of the chronic form is most often aimed at destroying the focus of infection, relieving pain and inflammation in the tissues of the joint.

For this, antibiotics, NSAIDs, glucocorticoids are used.

On a note! The doctor can prescribe physiotherapy - hydrogen sulfide, radon baths, balneotherapy. The diet provides for the rejection of fatty, salty, spicy, spicy foods, alcohol and coffee.

It is necessary to take vitamins, enrich the diet with fresh vegetables and fruits, herbs.

How is the knee and hip joint treated?

There is no significant difference in the treatment of infectious-allergic arthropathy of the knee, elbow, hip or other joints. However, after the examination, the rheumatologist can refer a large joint to arthroscopic debridement.

This is used mainly for purulent and necrotic tissue damage. The joint is cleaned mechanically and washed with antiseptics and an antibiotic solution.

Watch a video describing the causes of pain in the joints in a child.

Arthritis is treated by a rheumatologist or, in his absence, by a pediatrician. Also, specialized specialists are sometimes involved: an infectious disease specialist, an ophthalmologist, a cardiologist, an orthopedist.

Joint damage with significant pain syndrome, fever and deterioration of the general condition requires hospitalization in a specialized department. After reducing the signs of exacerbation, therapy is carried out on an outpatient basis.

Drug therapy is compiled strictly individually and depends on the type of disease. According to clinical guidelines, in most cases, the following groups of drugs are used:

anti-inflammatory drugs of a non-hormonal nature ("Diclofenac");
glucocorticoid hormones ("Prednisolone");
immunomodulators;
antineoplastic agents (cytostatics) for juvenile arthritis;
antibiotics for reactive and rheumatoid arthritis.

In a hospital setting, drugs are administered parenterally or directly into the joint (intra-articular injection). Outpatient treatment of arthritis in a child is carried out with tablet forms of drugs. After reducing the signs of inflammation, add to the drug treatment:

physiotherapy;
massage;
mechanotherapy.

In the period of remission of chronic arthritis, a good effect is given by Spa treatment... In addition, at this stage, it is possible to use folk remedies at home.

It mainly includes means for local effects: ointments, rubbing, compresses with herbal teas. However, it is not recommended to use such treatment on your own, you should definitely consult a rheumatologist or pediatrician.

According to doctors' reviews, traditional methods are ineffective in the acute period of the disease. However, they can be used during remission as an adjunct treatment.

Allergic arthritis should only be treated with combination therapy. If infectious agents are the cause of the pathological phenomena, then the patient is prescribed a course of suitable antibiotics that affect specific microorganisms for at least a week.

To relieve a person of inflammation, edema, severe pain, non-hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs are used. Most often it is "Diclofenac" or the famous "Ibuprofen".

Only the attending specialist can prescribe them, and the initiative on the part of the patient is completely inappropriate. For the treatment to be successful, it is also necessary to undergo a course of medications that reduce the body's allergic mood (most often Suprastin, Fenistil, or the same Zirtek are used for this).

Various anti-inflammatory ointments also work well. They are able to not only reduce inflammation, but also relieve pain.

If the therapy is not very effective, the doctor may prescribe some of the steroids to get rid of the inflammatory processes more quickly. In especially advanced cases, when the treatment did not help, or the patient came to the doctor too late, one has to resort to surgical intervention, since serious deformations occur in the joints of the bones, necrosis develops, and motor activity decreases.

As for the prevention of an allergic form of arthritis, it consists only in the aftercare of all diseases, an attentive attitude to one's own body, the sanitation of all foci of infection (chronic sinusitis, persistent tonsillitis).

You need to try to eat right, harden and not catch a cold.

If you find an error, please select a piece of text and press Ctrl + Enter.

Forecast and prevention

At the first sign, you should consult a doctor, especially if you are young parents and have noticed changes in the child's behavior.

Prevention consists in hardening - strong organism copes with infections easier and immunity does not fail. Hypothermia leads to viral and infectious diseases.

Undergo a comprehensive examination once a year. Constantly strengthen the body, the lack of vitamins has a detrimental effect on immunity.

Both forms of arthritis are beneficial when properly treated. They do not cause irreversible changes and destruction of the cartilaginous surface, therefore they pass without a trace. However, for those who have had arthritis associated with infection, the chance of relapse remains high. To avoid this, it is necessary to sanitize all foci of chronic inflammation in time: carefully treat the nasopharynx, tonsils, teeth, etc. Avoid hypothermia. Do not transfer viral diseases"On your feet", and see a doctor. Prevention of allergic arthritis is complex and extensive. Includes:

Prevention of this type of arthritis includes, first of all, respect for health, joints and high-quality treatment of any diseases of an infectious nature.

It is also necessary to sanitize all foci of infection. If any pathology is not treated, the problem may return.

This is especially important in the case of any respiratory infections, as well as pathogens of a staphylococcal or streptococcal nature. Since it is these pathogens that become allergens for the body, provoking the development of arthritis, it is important in no case to prevent the development of the disease.

Having suffered from a common cold, children can recover, and then begin to complain of pain and swelling in the joints, suffer from fever and other signs of illness.

Only a timely appeal to specialists will help to identify the developing pathology in time and cure it before starting acute period... Usually, this type of arthritis is cured without any problems, and does not lead to any destructive damage to the joints.

However, this does not mean that you do not need to go to specialists and abandon therapy. Even if the child does not have relapses, it is very useful to carry out sanatorium treatment once a year, which will include hydrogen sulfide and radon baths, which are beneficial for joints and the general condition of the body.

Taking good care of your body will help to avoid not only colds, but also the complications associated with them.

The success of therapy directly depends on the timeliness of treatment. In more than half of the cases, irreversible destruction of the joint can be avoided. Without treatment or with the wrong therapy, there is a high risk of loss of cartilage tissue, deformation and even bone fusion.

In addition, any allergy is dangerous by the development of Quincke's edema and anaphylactic shock. With the infectious nature of the disease, the lack of qualified assistance can lead to sepsis and death.

Prevention consists in identifying allergens and eliminating contact with them, fighting any diseases of the joints and infections.

megan92 () 2 weeks ago

Tell me, who is how to deal with joint pain? My knees hurt terribly ((I drink painkillers, but I understand that I am struggling with the investigation, not the cause ...

Daria () 2 weeks ago

For several years I fought with my aching joints until I read this article by some Chinese doctor. And I have long forgotten about the "incurable" joints. So it goes

megan92 () 13 days ago

Daria () 12 days ago

megan92, so I wrote in my first comment) I will duplicate just in case - link to professor's article.

Sonya 10 days ago

And this is not a divorce? Why are they selling on the Internet?

yulek26 (Tver) 10 days ago

Sonya, what country do you live in? .. They sell it on the Internet, because shops and pharmacies charge a brutal markup. In addition, payment only after receipt, that is, first looked, checked and only then paid. And now everything is sold on the Internet - from clothes to TVs and furniture.

Editorial response 10 days ago

Sonia, hello. This drug for the treatment of joints is not really sold through the pharmacy chain in order to avoid overpriced. To date, you can order only on Official site... Be healthy!

Sonya 10 days ago

I apologize, I did not notice the information about cash on delivery at first. Then everything is fine for sure if the payment is on receipt. Thanks!!

Margo (Ulyanovsk) 8 days ago

Has anyone tried folk methods joint treatment? The grandmother does not trust pills, the poor one suffers from pain ...

Andrey 1 week ago

What folk remedies have I tried, nothing helped ...

Ekaterina 1 week ago

I tried to drink a decoction of bay leaves, no use, just ruined my stomach !! I no longer believe in these folk methods ...

Maria 5 days ago

Recently I watched a program on the first channel, there is also about this Federal Program for Combating Joint Diseases spoke. It is also headed by some famous Chinese professor. They say that they have found a way to permanently cure joints and back, and the state fully funds the treatment for each patient.

Allergic arthritis

Allergic arthritis - changes in the joints due to pathologies. The consequences of the body's sensitivity to infectious diseases or allergens. Risk group: girls under 35 years old, children with weak immunity, the elderly.

Reasons for the development of allergic arthritis

The main reason is a malfunction in the body, due to which immunity weakens. Violations are caused by allergens: pollen from flowering plants, pet hair, mites or household chemicals. Allergic arthritis manifests itself in the presence of medication with prolonged treatment of another disease.

The allergen enters the body and a protective reaction begins to work. The production of antibodies leads to allergies, which causes arthritis of the knee joint. Protecting itself, the body deposits proteins in the joints and the inflammatory process begins.

People get streptococcal infection and develop rheumatoid arthritis. Immunologists identify the following reasons:

During infection, the body produces special proteins that are deposited in the joints.
Microorganisms, penetrating the body, take the shape and structure of cells and take root in the body, causing inflammation of the knee.
At the first contact with an allergen, the body does not attempt to protect itself, after which it gets used to it and does not perceive antibodies as foreign. Antibodies re-attack the body, and the immune system surrenders, unable to cope with the attack.

Allergic arthritis in children

In children, it is dangerous, as it entails others serious illness... It is worth paying attention to the symptoms:

The appearance of edema of the knee joint or in another location of the cartilage. The tumor appears quickly - in a matter of hours.
The skin turns red, the body temperature rises.
The child complains of pain that he feels with the slightest movement.

Children suffer from an acute or subacute form of the disease. The acute form develops quickly, the knee joint or the affected area swells, the condition worsens. The larynx swells, bronchospasm is observed. You should immediately call a doctor, hospitalization and resuscitation are required. The reasons for the subacute form are hidden in long-term medication.

Signs of developing allergic arthritis

Infectious-allergic arthritis is a pathological development of the disease. Rheumatoid arthritis cannot be compared with other types of the disease. Symptoms:

The disease is noticeable seventeen days later, after suffering an infectious disease, which is not so noticeable. Sometimes, upon contact with an allergen, the disease manifests itself in an hour.
The first sign is inflammation of the knee or other affected area, there is swelling and redness, and the temperature rises. When pain appears, movements become constrained and impossible,.
The period lasts for several days.
Infectious-allergic arthritis affects large joints. The causes of stiff and awkward movements in the inflammation of the joints.
The inflammation goes away after a month with the treatment.
Thanks to equipment and new methods, the treatment brings results.
After repeated contact with an allergen or due to hypothermia, relapses occur.

At the first sign, you need to see a doctor who will determine the causes of the disease and establish the nature of its occurrence.

Diagnostics and treatment

Allergic arthritis is a disease that requires careful diagnosis and comprehensive treatment. With the rapid development of infectious-allergic arthritis, follow the recommendations:

If symptoms are due to infection, then antibiotic therapy is performed. It is necessary to undergo diagnostics - a test for allergens. Amoxicillin or Erythromycin is prescribed. The dosage is set by the doctor, the drug is used no longer than two weeks.

If the symptoms persist and do not go away, then they speak of chronic arthritis of the knee joint, in which I use steroids. The launched process leads to joint deformation and complete decay of cartilage, leading to disability.

Before treatment, the doctor determines the causes of the disease and excludes contact with the allergen.

Disease prevention

At the first sign, you should consult a doctor, especially if you are young parents and have noticed changes in the child's behavior.

Prevention consists in hardening - a strong body copes with infections easier and immunity does not fail. Hypothermia leads to viral and infectious diseases.

Undergo a comprehensive examination once a year. Constantly strengthen the body, the lack of vitamins has a detrimental effect on immunity.

Bacteria and viruses, penetrating through the mucous surfaces of the respiratory tract or through the skin, are carried throughout the body by blood and lymph, affecting other organs. Penetrating into the joint cavity, pathogens are capable of causing inflammatory processes in them - bacterial or viral arthritis. Young children, especially those not protected by immunity, often get sick, so infectious arthritis in children is not uncommon.

Causes of Infectious Arthritis in Children

In childhood, the risk of infections caused by the following microorganisms is increased:

group B and A streptococci;
staphylococci;
gram-negative bacteria;
viruses and paroviruses (rubella, measles, mumps, chickenpox, flu).

In the warm season, in the tick habitat, another type of infectious arthritis is also possible - borreliosis, caused by a special type of spirochetes, together with the tick saliva entering the bloodstream and causing disease Lyme (borreliosis).

More often, tonsillitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis and other respiratory infections in children arise on the basis of a relatively harmless group A streptococcal infection, accompanied by "flying" pain in the joints. Such arthritis can occur at the peak of the disease or some time after it. With antibiotic treatment, the symptoms of joint inflammation subside along with the signs of the underlying disease.

More dangerous are pyogenic β-hemolytic streptococci, which can cause rheumatism. A variety of gram-negative bacteria - Haemophilus influenzae or Pfeiffer's bacillus - is also a threat. This coccobacterium exists in a latent form in the body of most healthy people, but about ten percent have a manifest form in the form of local inflammation or complications in the form of meningitis, pneumonia or other diseases:

Very young children most often get meningitis: the most dangerous age is from 6 months to one year.
Epiglottitis (inflammation of the epiglottis) usually affects children over two years of age.
Pneumonia is more common in adults: its incidence among children is approximately 15 - 20%.

Symptoms of Infectious Arthritis in Children

Infectious arthritis can occur in different ways in children:

in a mild almost painless form or acute;
against the background of an infectious disease simultaneously with it or a 2 - 3 week delay in time.

Infectious-allergic arthritis

In young children, infectious arthritis often proceeds most violently, in an allergoseptic form:

the child's temperature suddenly rises (an increase in temperature may be accompanied by severe chills);
due to disturbing pains, he may cry and behave extremely restlessly;
the child refuses to eat, lack of appetite may be accompanied by nausea or even vomiting;
symptoms of joint inflammation are guessed by swelling and redness in the area of the inflamed joint;
the diseased limb takes an unnatural bent position (especially with inflammation of the knee joint or hip joint);
movements in the joint are limited;
any manipulations with a sore arm or leg give the child pain.

The acute course of infectious-allergic arthritis is due to the fact that the pathogen causes an allergic reaction in the body.

Infectious-allergic arthritis in children often affects not one, but many joints: knee, elbow, hip and shoulder joints... This disease also does not bypass small joints - fingers or toes.

Usually, the symptoms of polyarthritis quickly pass along with complete recovery child. The exceptions are rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatism, and Lyme disease.

With untreated borreliosis, generalized chronic polyarthritis occurs. For prevention purposes, it is imperative to examine the entire body of the child after returning from the forested area. If a tick is found, it must be carefully removed entirely from the skin and taken to a medical laboratory.

Infectious-allergic arthritis causes frequent skin reactions in children in the form of a ring-shaped or small rash.

Ring-shaped erythema around the tick bite for borreliosis (Lyme disease)

A characteristic feature of borreliosis is a growing annular erythema on the skin around the tick bite.

Allergic arthritis in children

This disease has nothing to do with infections. Its reasons may be:

allergies to certain foods;
allergy to irritants (animal hair, pollen, strong odors);
drug allergy.

A single allergic reaction does not cause allergic arthritis: only the constant presence of an allergen and a persistent allergic reaction to it cause the development of symptoms of joint inflammation.

Allergic arthritis symptoms

Characteristic and main feature allergic arthritis - its sudden onset, coinciding in time with the penetration of the allergen into the body, and the attenuation of all signs along with the disappearance of the irritant .

With allergic arthritis, large joints suffer: they swell, the temperature of the skin surfaces in the area of the joints increases.

Possible allergic rash (urticaria) and reactions from other organs:

bronchospasm;
tachycardia;
conjunctivitis, lacrimation, blepharitis;
angioedema (Quincke's edema), etc.

Quincke's edema in allergic arthritis

Allergic arthritis can be difficult to treat until the allergen is identified. Once the link between the allergen and the chain of reactions is identified, the treatment is very simple:

the access of the pathogen to the body is blocked;
antihistamines are prescribed.

It is in childhood that such diseases are formed, therefore it is easier to identify them also in children.

Most specific for childhood:

allergic drug arthritis in children;
arthritis due to food allergies (for example, to foods high in protein).

Treatment of infectious arthritis in children

You can already suspect arthritis in a child by his behavior:

increased fatigue and refusal of active movements;
complaints of pain (direct and indirect - with the help of gestures);
poor sleep and appetite.

Diagnosis of infectious arthritis

External examination helps to determine:

hardening of the skin around the joint;
external changes in the joints (enlargement, redness);
asymmetry of the limbs;
muscle atrophy.

To clarify the diagnosis, the following are prescribed:

microbiological laboratory research;
X-ray, MRI or CT;
Ultrasound, ECG, etc.

Methods of drug treatment

The main treatment for infectious arthritis is antibiotic therapy:

for the fastest effect, antibiotics are administered intramuscularly or intravenously;
with mixed infections or ARVI, broad-spectrum antibiotics and antiviral agents are used;
if the infection is of a fungal nature, then antifungal drugs are used.

With purulent synovitis, antiseptic therapy is performed: removal of accumulated pus with a needle or a drainage tube, and rinsing the articular cavity with an antiseptic.

Viral arthritis treatment

If arthritis is purely viral, then the treatment is symptomatic and supportive, since antibiotics for viral diseases are completely useless:

The fight against temperature and joint pain is carried out with the help of antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs.
Antiviral agents are aimed at producing immune antibodies against certain types of viruses.
Immunomodulators and vitamins increase the body's resistance and strength.

Viral arthritis is transient and does not become chronic.

Infectious arthritis in children responds well to the prevention of concomitant childhood diseases (acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections, influenza): the fewer and the earlier they are detected, the less the likelihood of inflammatory joint disease.

Video: Treating colds and flu at home.

Infectious allergic arthritis in children

Allergic arthritis in children: causes of

The cause of the development of allergic arthritis is a defect in the immune system, as a result of which a person develops individual hypersensitivity or intolerance to certain foods, pollen, animal hair, certain drugs, etc. When these allergens enter the body again, antibodies are produced in it, which combine with a foreign substance and are deposited in various tissues. When they are deposited in the articular tissue, an inflammatory process develops, accompanied by symptoms of arthritis.

When an allergen enters the body for the first time, allergic arthritis usually does not develop: after the first hit of an allergen, an immune response to this substance is formed in the body. Allergic arthritis affects people prone to allergies: this is why allergic arthritis is most often detected even in childhood.

Symptoms of allergic arthritis include:

acute onset of the disease, which manifests itself immediately when an allergen enters the body;
large joints are affected: pain increases especially when moving and after rest;
the affected joints swell, the temperature of the tissues above them is increased;
there is an allergic rash on the skin and itching;
the disease may be accompanied by other allergy symptoms: Quincke's edema, bronchospasm;
possible nausea and vomiting, fever, diarrhea, tachycardia.

Diagnosis of allergic arthritis is usually not difficult, since there is a clear connection between exposure to the body of allergens and the occurrence of acute symptoms of the disease. In the history of a patient with allergic arthritis, bronchial asthma, food or drug allergies are quite common.

A general blood test shows a slight increase in ESR, the number of eosinophils and leukocytes. The X-ray does not show changes in the tissues of the joints. In allergic arthritis, the tissues around the affected joints swell, and effusion and sediment appear in the joint fluid. Allergic arthritis can be acute or subacute.

In the acute form of allergic arthritis, the disease manifests itself as a sharp swelling of the tissues around the affected joints and severe pain in them. The acute form of the disease can be complicated by Quincke's edema, an attack of bronchial asthma, etc. All symptoms characteristic of the acute form of allergic arthritis are quickly relieved with appropriate treatment.

The subacute form of allergic arthritis most often develops when taking medications, to which a person individually develops intolerance. Treatment for this form of the disease requires the appointment of pain medications and hormonal agents... With a protracted course of allergic arthritis, irreversible changes in the joints are possible - deformation of their surface, the appearance of foci of necrosis.

For the treatment of allergic arthritis:

1) it is urgent to stop the effect of the allergen on the patient's body;

2) give the patient antihistamines (if antihistamines are ineffective, the doctor may prescribe hormonal drugs);

3) at severe pain nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed in the joints;

4) it is necessary to provide rest to the affected joints.

Usually, when the treatment of allergic arthritis with drugs is started, all the symptoms disappear quickly, so there is no need for physiotherapy treatments. The prognosis of the course of the disease is favorable.

Prevention of the occurrence of allergic arthritis is to prevent the ingestion of an allergen in the body in the future, since this threatens the development of allergic arthritis in a more severe form.

The causes of infectious-allergic arthritis have not been fully established. It is assumed that this type of arthritis is most often a reaction to an infection developing in the nasopharynx. Infectious-allergic arthritis is also called postanginous polyarthritis and infectious rheumatism. Usually, infectious-allergic arthritis manifests itself in people who are highly sensitive to the causative agent of a certain infectious disease. This type of arthritis can occur 10-15 days after an infectious disease.

Children are more susceptible to infectious-allergic arthritis than adults, and women are more susceptible than men. This disease was first identified and described in an adult.

With infectious-allergic arthritis in children, acute or subacute inflammation of the synovial membrane develops, involving several joints (both small and large joints can be involved in the inflammatory process). At the same time, mild or moderate pain is observed in the joints.

On the roentgenogram, abnormalities in the joints are not detected, there are no functional disorders (there is no deformation of the joints). The synovial fluid in this disease has the usual composition and viscosity. The inflammation of the joints passes after a while and disappears without a trace and residual effects, the defeat of the internal organs by this disease is not provoked.

With an acute onset of the disease, the patient's temperature rises, an allergic rash may occur, and disturbances in the general condition of the body are noticeable. In the body, ESR is increased, the content of neutrophilic granulocytes, titers of streptococcal antibodies and eosinophils is increased in the blood. The disease goes away in 2-3 weeks.

With a subacute course of the disease, the pathological state of the body is observed within 4-6 weeks. In a blood test, deviations from the norm are usually weak.

In a child with infectious-allergic arthritis, the following symptoms are possible:

refusal to eat;
the child is constantly nervous and capricious;
walks with a limp, tries not to use his hands;
complains of pain in the arms or legs.

Infectious-allergic arthritis is difficult to differentiate from other forms of arthritis. Since the methods for diagnosing this pathology have not yet been developed.

The diagnosis of infectious-allergic arthritis is made after the exclusion of all similar diseases on the basis of the absence of changes in the organs (with the exception of inflammation in the joints themselves) and a rapid reverse development. Infectious-allergic arthritis in rare cases can relapse. The prognosis of the course of the disease is favorable.

Clinical picture

What Doctors Say About Allergy Treatments

Vice-President of the Association of Pediatric Allergists and Immunologists of Russia. Pediatrician, allergist-immunologist. Smolkin Yuri Solomonovich Practical medical experience: more than 30 years

According to the latest WHO data, it is allergic reactions in the human body that lead to the majority of fatal diseases. And it all starts with the fact that a person has an itchy nose, sneezing, runny nose, red spots on the skin, in some cases, suffocation.

7 million people die every year due to allergies, and the extent of the lesion is such that the allergic enzyme is present in almost every person.

Unfortunately, in Russia and the CIS countries, pharmacy corporations sell expensive drugs that only relieve symptoms, thereby putting people on this or that drug. That is why in these countries there is such a high percentage of diseases and so many people suffer from "non-working" drugs.

In the treatment of this disease, the use of glucocorticoids or the introduction of drugs into the joint will be superfluous. For the treatment of infectious-allergic arthritis, anti-inflammatory (aspirin or brufen), antimicrobial and inhibiting the development of an allergic reaction (suprastin or diphenhydramine) drugs are used. From antibiotics, penicillin or erythromycin (in case of intolerance to penicillin) is prescribed for 7-10 days.

For the prevention of infectious-allergic arthritis, it is necessary to timely and fully treat infectious diseases with the obligatory sanitation of foci of infection. Especially with respiratory infections and infections of streptococcal or staphylococcal nature - these pathogens are most often allergens, which provoke the development of infectious-allergic arthritis.

When differentiating allergic and infectious-allergic arthritis from other types of arthritis, a history of allergies of any nature or infectious disease, respectively, plays an important role. With correct diagnosis and timely treatment, these diseases do not lead to damage to the joints or internal organs of a person. Therefore, it is imperative to contact qualified doctor at the slightest manifestation of symptoms of joint damage.

Clinical differences between allergic and infectious-allergic arthritis

Hypersensitivity of the body to certain foods, dust, or chemicals usually manifests itself in the form of rhinitis, coughing and tearing. But if these symptoms are supplemented by discomfort and pain in the joints, then there is a clear link between allergies and arthritis. This ailment can be independent, that is, develop against the background of defects in the immune system, or infectious.

Etiology of allergies and arthritis

The main cause of allergic joint damage is associated with a malfunction of the immune system. Substances perceived by the body as foreign are deposited in the articular tissues, causing the inflammatory process and its characteristic symptoms. The symbiosis of allergy and arthritis often manifests itself against the background of the action of haptens - substances that cause pathological reactions when combined with other agents, for example, blood plasma proteins.

Children are often susceptible to certain pathogens of infectious diseases, usually in the nasopharynx. V this case allergy and arthritis are a reaction to the action of an infection, and 90% of allergens are causative agents of staphylococcal and streptococcal nature. With insufficient sanitation of inflammatory foci during the treatment of diseases of the nasopharynx (sinusitis, bronchitis, tonsillitis), infectious-allergic arthritis will recur, especially among children.

Comparison of clinical characteristics

Despite the similar symptomatic picture of these diseases, the therapeutic regimen may differ significantly. If infectious-allergic arthritis requires a full course of antibiotics, then the usual form involves the use of more gentle medications.

The treatment of the disease in children with hypersensitivity to allergens requires a special approach. Some drugs can act as agents causing secondary pathological effects of haptens, which aggravate the course of the disease and complicate treatment.

Allergic arthritis

Allergic arthritis is a type of joint inflammation that occurs as a result of the immune system's reaction to allergens that enter the body. The most common causative agent of this disease is proteins, which are part of medicinal preparations and obtained by drawing from organisms of animal origin or having a homologous nature of origin.

Allergic arthritis can develop against the background of other manifestations with damage to other organs and systems of a person. But, if allergic arthritis is diagnosed in a timely manner and treatment is started, then this disease is easy enough to cure and stop pathological changes in the joints.

Allergic arthritis manifests itself quite clearly in the early stages of its development. This disease is characterized by: swelling and pain in the joints. Most often, the disease affects at least two compounds at the same time, but there are also more affected areas. Almost fifty percent of joints are affected by inflammation in the acute form of serum allergy.

Depending on the dose of allergens ingested, symptoms of allergic arthritis may occur. This can happen a few hours after the injection, and after fifteen to twenty days.

Allergic arthritis can present with lameness due to pain. Moreover, despite the fact that the joints are usually affected in a symmetrical sequence, the intensity of pain can be different in the joints on different limbs.

What other symptoms are associated with allergic arthritis? Very many, and, as a rule, all these symptoms are called serum sickness. So, allergic arthritis can manifest itself in: damage to the skin around the eyes (a rash appears, sometimes it looks like eczema, and sometimes hives) with a characteristic itching sensation. And in this case, it is practically impossible to establish an accurate diagnosis without additional studies and skin tests. It happens that allergic arthritis affects the respiratory tract, and then rhinitis, frequent sneezing, increased mucus secretion, burning in the nasal mucosa become its symptoms.

Symptoms of eye damage with allergic arthritis are manifested through conjunctivitis, blepharitis, which are characterized by profuse lacrimation, an acute reaction of the eyes to light, redness of the eyelids, itching around the eyes. Also, with allergic arthritis, bronchospasm can develop (in this case, a sharp narrowing of the bronchi occurs, breathing becomes difficult, since the respiratory lumen decreases).

To diagnose allergic arthritis, it is necessary, first of all, to determine the development of its characteristic features, or, in other words, draw clinical picture, which occurs after the introduction of serums or other drugs with allergens (protein components) into the patient's body.

The second stage of diagnosis, after a thorough history taking, is necessary to exclude all other diseases with similar symptomatic manifestations. It is also necessary to separate other types of arthritis from allergic (lameness can occur in any type of arthritis, and not only after the introduction of protein allergens).

If in doubt about the diagnosis of allergic arthritis, the doctor prescribes a trial treatment in which the diagnosis is either confirmed or completely refuted.

The method of preventing allergic arthritis includes the use of biological products with high-quality purification of protein allergens of animal origin. And to prevent acute relapses of serum sickness, it is recommended to exclude the use of sera from the course of treatment.

The main goal treatment methods with allergic arthritis, it is a complete elimination of symptoms and a decrease in the body's hypersensitivity to protein serum allergens.

In the beginning, to stop the manifestations, antihistamines are used, such as diphenhydramine, suprastin, pipolphene, and others. In case of severe pain, the doctor prescribes epinifrine (adrenaline), corticosteroids, and drugs that eliminate dysfunctions in the body systems that have arisen under the influence of allergic arthritis (cardiovascular system, respiratory system and etc.).

Discussion and feedback

The use of materials from this medical resource is possible only with the permission of the authors of NeBolet.com or with a link to the source.

Home Treatment for Psoriatic Arthritis Psoriatic Arthritis - Do It Yourself

Allergic arthritis

Allergic arthritis- This is a type of arthritic damage to the joints of the musculoskeletal system, which develops against the background of an allergic reaction of immunity to the ingestion of a certain allergen.

Peculiarities

This type of arthritis manifests itself as general reaction the body to the allergen. As a rule, a disease of this type is easily reversible, however, over time, due to a secondary ingress of an allergen or due to an incomplete course of therapy, attacks of the disease may recur - relapses.

The greatest likelihood of developing allergic arthritis in such groups:

Children with a still developing immune system;
People with a tendency to allergies.

The following substances can act as allergens:

Components of medicines;
Food compounds;
Pollen of some plants;
Animal wool.

The development of allergic arthritis occurs as follows:

An allergen enters the body;
The immune system produces antibodies to fight foreign microorganisms;
These antibodies react with allergens;
Due to the impaired work of immunity, the newly formed components accumulate in the tissues of the body, affecting the connective tissue of the joints;
In the area of accumulation of the product of the interaction of antibodies and allergens, an atypical inflammatory reaction occurs - arthritis.

Today, experts are also considering the possibility of the formation of allergic arthritis in the course of a reaction involving group E immunoglobulin (IgE) and the HLA antigen - B27.

The following symptoms indicate the development of allergic arthritis:

Acute signs of the disease appear when an allergen enters the body;
The lesion is localized in the area of large joints (for example, knee, hip, elbow);
Pain sensations increase with movement or with a load on the diseased joints;
Sharp pains are traced in the morning after a long stay at rest during sleep;
Swelling of the soft periarticular tissues;
An area of skin with a diameter of about 10 cm around the affected area turns red;
The local body temperature rises;
On skin a rash and itching appear in the affected area (an allergic reaction can spread to other areas of the skin);
Other allergic signs may occur, for example, Quincke's edema, bronchospasm;
Inflammation of the eyes (conjunctivitis);
Signs of general intoxication of the body (nausea, diarrhea, body chills, vomiting).

Symptoms of allergic arthritis in children are similar to those in adults, with the intensity symptomatic manifestations high.

Infectious-allergic arthritis

One of the representatives of the reactive type of damage to the connective tissue of the skeleton is infectious-allergic arthritis (IAR). However, this is not the same as an allergic lesion.

An infectious-allergic lesion develops due to the penetration of an infectious pathogen into the body, as well as due to the high sensitivity of the immune system to the components of an infectious pathogen, that is, an allergic reaction to the infection itself.

The main pathogens of IAR are distinguished:

Staphylococcus bacteria;
Streptococcus;
Damage to the body with hepatitis B;
Rubella.

The incubation period of the bacteria lasts from 7 to 10 days, after which the first signs of an infectious disease begin. Also, articular arthritis syndrome can develop 10-14 days after the transfer of an infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract, such as ARVI, pharyngitis, tonsillitis.

Symptoms of the disease are manifested by similar symptoms, as in the development of allergic arthritis.

Infectious-allergic arthritis is accompanied by inflammation of the synovial membrane as an acute or subacute form of the disease. The articular syndrome resolves in 14-20 days, however, after a short state of remission, bouts of acute pain may reappear.

Signs of illness in children

More often given view joint diseases are diagnosed in children.

Infectious-allergic arthritis in children is manifested in this way:

The child refuses food due to a decrease in appetite;
Constantly naughty, crying;
The gait becomes distorted (the baby limps);
When walking, the child may fall (in case of damage to the joints of the legs);
The kid refuses to play (uses arms and legs to a minimum, since movements cause bouts of pain);
The child becomes less active;
The affected joints hurt and become inflamed.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis is established on the basis of the characteristic symptomatic manifestations of the disease and the results of laboratory tests.

The patient's history should keep a record of the presence of allergies, which will help to establish the disease of allergic origin.

To diagnose allergic arthritis, the following tests are performed:

General and biochemical analysis blood:

Antibodies will be found in the blood, produced as a response to the ingestion of an allergen into the body;
Increased content of eosinophils (these indicators are specific for allergic arthritis, since in other types of the disease these indicators are normal);
The erythrocyte sedimentation rate is increased (about 20-25 mm / h, in contrast to other types of arthritis, when the ESR is 35-40 mm / h);
The level of leukocytes is increased (as a result of the development of the inflammatory process).

Radiology (no destructive pathologies are detected);
Ultrasound (helps to identify the accumulation of effusion in the joint cavity);
Puncture of the contents of the synovial fluid (the composition of the fluid becomes turbid, heterogeneous).

With an infectious-allergic type of lesion, bacteria of an infectious pathogen (streptococcus, staphylococcus) or antibodies to destroy them will be present in the synovial fluid and blood.

First aid for allergic arthritis is based on the following principles:

Treatment of acute symptoms of an arthritic attack;
Decrease in the sensitivity of the patient's immunity to allergens that provoked the pathological process;
Stopping the action of the allergen on the patient's body;
Providing complete rest to the damaged joint.

Drug treatment

When diagnosed with allergic arthritis, treatment is based on the use of drugs of various classes.

Funds antihistamine action(relieve pain and articular syndrome):

Diphenhydramine;
Suprastin;
Diazolin;
Zyrtek;
Fenistil;
Pipolfen.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin, indomethacin, or ibuprofen (pain relievers)
Corticosteroid drugs, for example, Prednisolone or Hydrocortisone (prescribed if the 1st and 2nd groups of drugs do not have the desired therapeutic effect);
Epinephrine (adrenaline) is prescribed for acutely expressed inflammatory process and persistent pain syndrome.

When hormonal drugs are injected into the joint cavity through intra-articular injections, the patient undergoes allergy tests by injecting the minimum allowable volume of the drug under the skin. If no signs of an allergic reaction appear on the skin within half an hour, the drug can be injected directly into the joint.

Local treatment

Topical agents are also effective for symptomatic treatment. Thanks to the external use of ointments and creams, it is possible to quickly stop pain and significantly reduce the intensity of the inflammatory reaction.

For arthritis, such ointments are very effective:

Antibiotics

If the patient is diagnosed with infectious-allergic arthritis, he is also prescribed a course of antibiotic therapy.

In case of an infectious disease, such antibacterial agents are taken:

Penicillin antibiotics (penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin);
Macrolides (doxycycline);
Means of the tetracyclines class (tetracycline).

The course of taking an antibiotic is 7 days or more. The dosage is determined depending on the age of the patient, as well as the degree of progression of the infectious disease.

As a rule, the treatment of allergic arthritis is based on the use of medications, which helps to stop both the symptoms and the foci of the development of the disease.

Physiotherapy procedures are prescribed individually for patients in whom arthritic damage has affected the bone and cartilage tissue and blood flow to the damaged joint is impaired.

If this disease develops in children, after stopping it, a stable remission occurs. However, if the allergen re-enters the body, arthritis may recur.

More information about allergic arthritis can be found in the video below:

Prophylaxis

Prevention of allergic arthritis includes the following actions:

Prevention of secondary penetration of the allergen into the body;
Systematic monitoring by a specialist allergist;
Determine what substances you are allergic to;
If you need to take a drug that contains your allergen, take the drug along with an antihistamine.

Infections and allergies can cause arthritis in children

A person, being born, is faced with a mass of all kinds of substances. The organism perceives some neutrally and does not react in any way, while it recognizes others as alien and begins to fight them. The immune system produces special protein complexes - antibodies that protect the host. Sometimes the immune response may be incorrect or excessive, then an allergic reaction occurs. It is directed against any organs and tissues of the body, therefore there are many manifestations of the disease: from vasomotor rhinitis to generalized anaphylactic shock. One of the options for the malfunctioning of immunity is allergic arthritis.
More often, the disease occurs in children, although inflammation of the joints, due to hypersensitivity adults are also susceptible to antigens. It can begin acutely, as an independent disease, or accompany allergic damage to other organs.

heredity (the presence of similar diseases in relatives);
hypersensitivity to food, pollen, medicinal, etc. allergens;
other diseases ( vasomotor rhinitis, bronchial asthma, etc.).

Classification

There are two types of arthritis associated with an excessive immune response:

allergic - acutely arising in response to the ingress of antigen into the body;
infectious - allergic - associated with a previous infection, often developing subacutely.

Allergic arthritis in children is manifested abrupt start against the background of the introduction into the body of substances to which intolerance was previously noted. With the initial hit, the immune system has already developed antigens and when it meets the same substance again, a violent reaction is triggered. Joint inflammation is accompanied by swelling, local increase temperature. Movement is difficult and painful. The appearance of a rash, fever, bronchospasm, Quincke's edema is possible. Often there is lacrimation, itching, shortness of breath.

The defeat of the joints in children, which was previously called infectious-allergic, is now referred to the group of reactive arthritis.

The exact cause triggering the immunological changes has not yet been found. It is believed that the failure occurs under the influence of a previous infection (viral, fungal or bacterial). The disease begins in seven to ten days, when the main manifestations have already died out. Small joints are more often involved, swelling and redness appear. The pain is less pronounced, stiffness is characteristic. The patient spares the limb: he walks with a limp, tries not to make quick movements. Children may not complain of pain, but become irritable, capricious, and give up their usual games. In comparison with allergic arthritis, symptoms of intoxication are more pronounced: fever, decreased appetite, lethargy, and malaise. Both of these diseases are reversible and, with proper treatment, go away completely.

Diagnostics

Diagnosing allergic arthritis is straightforward. The connection with the ingestion of an allergen is obvious. A careful collection of anamnesis and clarification of hereditary predisposition, intolerance to various substances, reactions to the administration of drugs and vaccines is required. The acute onset and characteristic manifestations cannot be confused with anything.

Laboratory studies confirm the nature of the disease: in the general blood test, eosinophilia is characteristic with other normal indicators, in biochemistry a specific Ig E protein is detected.
X-ray studies are not indicative, since this type of pathology does not destroy bone tissue and does not lead to cartilage destruction. It is carried out in order to differentiate the disease from other types of articular lesions. Ultrasound diagnostics is becoming more informative. With its help, the localization of edema, the presence of effusion in the joint space is determined.

Puncture of the joint is carried out in difficult cases; when examining the synovial fluid, circulating immune complexes and antibodies can be detected. Scarification tests and determination of the titer to special antigens are used as an additional examination with an established diagnosis in order to identify all substances to which a person has developed intolerance.

Infectious-allergic arthritis is more difficult to diagnose, since its symptoms are nonspecific, and the manifestations are blurred. The reactive current is not reflected in the radiographs, therefore, X-ray, as a diagnostic method, is used only as a differential one. Blood tests can reveal inflammatory response- increased ESR, leukocytosis, shift of the formula to the left. But more often the laboratory criteria do not change in any way. There are no characteristic changes in the composition of the synovial fluid.

Thus, the two described states have their own differences:

Start

When assisting the patient, the primary is the elimination of the action of the antigen and the appointment of antihistamines (tavegil, suprastin, pipolfen).
Additionally, medications are prescribed depending on the symptoms of allergic arthritis. For the purpose of pain relief, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuklin, indomethacin, voltaren) are taken. In the case of a pronounced reaction accompanied by anaphylaxis, glucocorticosteroids (prednisolone, dexamethasone) are used.
Regression of the disease with timely treatment occurs quickly, therefore, physiotherapy or physiotherapy exercises are not required. When combined with the defeat of other systems, the basic treatment of concomitant diseases is prescribed (antispasmodics, β-blockers, local hormonal preparations in the form of ointments and gels, etc.).

Relief of reactive arthritis begins with the appointment of anti-inflammatory drugs (aspirin, nemisulide, ortofen) and broad-spectrum antibiotics (penicillins, cephalosporins). Treatment should be comprehensive and include antiallergic drugs (zodak, cetirizine, loratadine), physiotherapy: UHF, electrophoresis, ultraviolet irradiation, paraffin therapy, exercise therapy exercises. Compliance with diet and intake of vitamins contribute to recovery. In severe cases, joint puncture and oral administration of anti-inflammatory or hormonal drugs are indicated.

Forecast and prevention

Both forms of arthritis are beneficial when properly treated. They do not cause irreversible changes and destruction of the cartilaginous surface, therefore they pass without a trace. However, for those who have had arthritis associated with infection, the chance of relapse remains high. To avoid this, it is necessary to sanitize all foci of chronic inflammation in time: carefully treat the nasopharynx, tonsils, teeth, etc. Avoid hypothermia. Do not carry viral diseases "on your feet", but consult a doctor.
Prevention of allergic arthritis is complex and extensive. Includes:

Hypoallergenic life: remove carpets as much as possible, Stuffed Toys, curtains. Store books in closed cabinets. Wet cleaning every day. Treat upholstered furniture with special sprays (Allergoff).
Bed linen should be made of modern, neutral and easily washable materials (holofiber, synthetic winterizer, holofan).
Remove pets (especially birds and fish) from the house.
Avoid contact with household chemicals (powders, detergents, etc.)
Follow a diet: exclude strawberries, raspberries, citrus fruits, cocoa, chocolate, artificial colors and flavors, eggs and fish. Expand the diet gradually, taking into account food tolerance and the absence of symptoms. It is advisable to keep a food diary.
Sanitize foci of chronic infection.
Take medications and vaccinate only under close medical supervision and desensitizing cover.
A complete examination to identify all significant allergens.
Long-term course intake of basic antihistamines (erius, cetrin, zodak).

Conclusion

If you or your child has allergic arthritis or any other allergic disease, remember that repeated ingestion of antigens into the body provokes a reaction several times stronger than the previous one. Adhere to the correct lifestyle, follow the recommendations of doctors, carefully monitor your body and you will keep your health for many years.