Causes of irregular periods and treatment of menstrual irregularities. Protracted periods before menopause Menstrual irregularity at 45

Sooner or later, every woman will face the fading of her life. reproductive function. A delay in menstruation at 47, 48 years old becomes the first symptom of approaching menopause. In this time period, the female body begins a serious restructuring, which is reflected in all its functions. The main thing is to carefully monitor the changes and the state of health, so as not to miss the dangerous consequences.

How does menopause begin and how long does it last?

Menopause does not fall on a woman overnight, it stretches for several years. Stages of menopause development:

premenopause- in 45-47 years, the level of estrogen in the body begins to decrease. First delay occurs menstrual cycle, psychological condition unstable.
Menopause. A year has passed since the last period.
perimenopause. A woman feels this stage especially acutely. The signs of menopause are so pronounced that it is quite difficult to cope with them. The duration of perimenopause is from 4 to 10 years.
Postmenopause. The body has learned to cope with hormonal fluctuations. Symptoms of menopause fade away, but there is a risk of complications.

Also in initial stage menopause a woman should take necessary measures, allowing to reduce the physical and psychological sensations of this period.

Signs of menopause

What will be the first symptom of approaching menopause depends on the individual characteristics of the organism. But doctors define the main classic signs of menopause:

All these signs of menopause can be separated in time or attack a woman almost immediately. This is purely individual.

Reasons for delayed menstruation if the test is negative

Around the age of 47, a woman experiences a delay in her menstrual cycle for the first time. At the same time, the first thing is in a hurry to do a pregnancy test, which will most likely show negative result. This is due to the beginning of the extinction of the reproductive function, i.e., the approach of menopause. During this period, the menstrual cycle is disturbed, the amount and intensity of blood discharge decreases. During such a period, it is important not to abandon the use of contraceptives. After all, even with such a restructuring hormonal background a woman can become pregnant. And bear and give birth healthy child it will be hard enough.

2-3 month delay

A change in the nature of the menstrual cycle indicates the initial stage of menopause. The body of a woman in menopause can gradually respond to changes in hormonal levels:

menstrual flow comes according to the usual schedule, but their abundance fades away each time;
the cycle is broken - the delay occurs for several days, menstruation is either meager or plentiful;
the duration of the delay of menstruation is 2-3 months, bloody issues appear and disappear again for the same period;
complete cessation of the menstrual cycle after a long delay.

Even if a woman has had regular periods throughout her life, as menopause approaches, they will become rare and unpredictable. Initially, monthly allocations will be delayed by only a few days, then this period will increase by 2-3 months, and, in the end, there will be a complete cessation.

When menstrual flow appears 1 time in 3 months, and their intensity and consistency does not cause concern, a woman should not worry. In another situation, the appearance of heavy bleeding after a long absence, you should immediately contact a gynecologist.

Especially when menstrual flow continues for more than 7 days. After all female organs during menopause are especially prone to various diseases and infections. uterine bleeding in menopause not uncommon - the volume of secretions is large, there are pain. The causes of uterine bleeding include not only neoplasms in the uterus and infections. At this age, even slight alcohol intoxication and malnutrition can lead to dangerous consequences.

What to do or make - what treatment?

When a woman at the age of 47-50 has her menstruation, then it is illogical to talk about any preventive steps. After all, the extinction of reproductive function at this age is a natural and inevitable process. But there are times when quite young ladies, aged 30-40 years old, face a delay in the menstrual cycle due to the onset of menopause. The development of early menopause occurs under various circumstances - this is an individual feature of the body, and Negative influence environment, and pathological disorder hormonal background.

With early menopause, a woman is recommended to use hormonal therapy, the effect of drugs is aimed at stabilizing the menstrual cycle. At timely treatment there is a chance to keep the reproductive function in working condition for a few more years, this is especially important for nulliparous women.

In menopause, a delay in the menstrual cycle is normal state body if the woman has reached a certain age (45-47 years). At the same time, the secretions must be monitored in order to notice any violations and deviations from the norm as early as possible. Women to relieve the symptom of menopause can use homeopathic preparations and phytochemicals.

It also helps to cope with hot flashes, menstrual irregularities and other signs of menopause. folk remedy– Monastic tea and drops Stop menopause. All of its components are natural origin, after consumption general state women are back to normal.

The quality of life in menopause depends on the positive attitude of the woman and the steps taken. You can survive the arrival of menopause at 47 with the help of daily small and big joys. Women should spend more free time on the fresh air, walk more often and enjoy the beautiful views of the environment. In nutrition, it is better to give preference to fresh vegetables and fruits. Most The best way forget about the approaching old age - go on a journey for new vivid emotions.

Many women are afraid of the arrival of menopause, this is understandable. At the psychological level, an understanding of uselessness and uselessness comes, and physical state every year it gets worse. But if you try to set yourself and your body in the right way at the first delay in menstruation, then soon the realization will come that life at 47 has not yet ended and its remnants can be lived joyfully and happily.

Menstrual flow in women varies in nature. Menstruation comes at different intervals, someone causes pain. The amount of blood leaving the body also differs. With its excess, there are abundant periods.

The amount of blood released during menstruation depends on a number of factors. Heredity, characteristics of the organism, as well as physical condition are important. The volume of menstruation can increase dramatically. Seeing copious discharge, women do not know how to behave and whether to go to the doctor.

How to determine?

To separate the concept of menstruation from, the following criteria should be taken into account:

the duration of menstruation (normally no more than 7 days);
the volume of secretions (should not be more than 150 ml per day);
profusion (a large amount of discharge should normally be in the first two or three days, no more);
duration of the menstrual cycle (at least 21 days between spotting);
sensation of pain (normal - moderate pain);
discharge between periods (they should not be).

Abundant periods

Very intense periods in the language of physicians are called "menorrhagia." The concept defines a violation of menstrual function, as a result of which the amount of discharge is significantly increased when normal duration cycle.

Symptoms

This condition can not always be attributed to the disease. The reason may be not only gynecological pathologies but also certain states of the body.

You can talk about menorrhagia with a significant increase in the amount of bloody discharge, when you have to change the pad or tampon hourly.

Causes of menorrhagia

There are a number of reasons why a woman has abundant:

Hormonal disorders. If a malfunction occurs hormonal system organism, abundant periods are likely on the first day, as well as on subsequent days. These problems are more common in young age or in adolescents, while the menstrual cycle is just being established. Women may experience problems when taking hormonal contraceptives. It is possible to increase the volume of menstrual flow in premenopausal women.
Myoma of the uterus. Myoma or fibromyoma are benign formations. Cause profuse discharge and bleeding. The cause of the disease is inflammatory processes or infections, damaging organs reproductive system.
Polyp of the cervix. This is a formation in the endometrium. Appears due to injury, curettage, hormonal disorders, inflammation on the cervix.
Endometrial cancer or cervical cancer. Malignant education may cause big allocation menstrual blood.
Problems with blood clotting. If there is such a disease, a woman has strong periods, only a doctor will say. Contacting the clinic is mandatory, since a large blood loss will negatively affect the general condition and cause anemia.
The use of the Navy. The intrauterine device can cause heavy discharge during menstruation. This means the incompatibility of the organism with the given contraceptive so it needs to be removed.
Heredity. If the mother had problems with the volume of menstruation, most likely the daughter will suffer the same.
Stress, climate change, flights- all this can provoke a problem.

To find out the cause in each case, it is necessary to consult with a gynecologist. After the examination, the woman will be prescribed treatment.

Uterine fibroids can cause heavy periods in women

After childbirth and caesarean

After childbirth, the work of the woman's body changes, which affects the nature of menstruation. Most often, they become more abundant and last longer. The reason is in the uterus, the neck of which after the birth of the baby becomes wider anatomically. As a result, the amount of menstrual flow increases. The size of the uterus also becomes larger, so its surface area, and, consequently, the endometrium, becomes larger. This leads to a significant increase in the volume of menstruation.

If surgery was performed during childbirth caesarean section, a seam remains on the uterus, and subsequently a scar. The scarred tissue is connective and cannot contract, resulting in more menstrual flow.

After scraping

Artificial termination of pregnancy or abortion has the strongest negative impact to the work of the woman's body. There is a complete restructuring of the functioning of the hormonal system.

Discharge, which begins immediately after scraping, is not menstruation, as many women think. They last up to one week and are moderate in terms of quantity. If blood loss after surgical intervention large, it is necessary to urgently consult a doctor.

The danger to health and life is evidenced by abundant discharge, accompanied by:

bad smell;
high temperature;

Cause of menorrhagia this case may be inflammatory process uterus.

With clots

At heavy menstruation attention should be paid not only to the volume, but also to the nature of the discharge. Sometimes a woman observes large dark blood clots. This suggests that the blood is clotting right in the uterine cavity.

The causes of heavy periods with clots are as follows:

hormonal imbalance;
the presence of an obstruction to the exit of blood, for example, polyps, fibroids, etc.;
problems with uterine contraction as a result of the presence of the same fibroids or endometriosis.

First menstruation in adolescence

In adolescent girls, during the formation of the menstrual cycle, abundant discharge often occurs. The reason is the instability of the hormonal system.

Can cause problems for girls negative emotions, excessive body weight or its deficiency, excessive physical activity, as well as problems with the endocrine system.

moderate exercise;
swimming in the pool;
proper nutrition;
required amount of vitamins.

Before menopause

In women after the age of 40-45, the period of premenopause begins. This is a state when the body is rebuilt and becomes incapable of conception.

In connection with the restructuring of the hormonal system, the volume of menstruation in women becomes much larger. It is also possible to increase their duration. But the cause of menorrhagia can be not only natural processes, but also pathologies, for example, diseases such as endometrial polyps or uterine fibroids.

How to reduce selection?

How to help yourself with heavy menstruation? You need to go to the doctor.

avoid heavy physical exertion or reduce them;
stop drinking alcohol and coffee;
take multivitamin preparations;
for pain in the abdomen, you can use a heating pad with cold, but not more than a quarter of an hour;
avoid stress;
drink shepherd's purse and horsetail, which can reduce the amount of blood loss during menstruation.

Is treatment required?

After the examination, the doctor will choose the necessary treatment tactics, prescribe medications.

Diagnostics

At the appointment with a specialist, you need to tell him about the number of pregnancies and abortions, complications that arose after childbirth, and medication. The doctor will conduct an examination. Pregnancy, especially ectopic, uterine fibroids or other pathologies must be excluded.

Can be prescribed for diagnostic purposes:

ultrasound procedure;
biopsy;
smear;
general blood analysis.

For women who have problems with menstrual flow, doctors recommend keeping a special calendar. It is necessary to note the duration of the cycle and days of menstruation, as well as the amount of discharge.

Purpose of therapy

Treatment of menorrhagia can be conservative and operative. The first is prescribed to girls and adolescents, as well as women who have not yet given birth.

What to drink with heavy menstruation in this case? As a therapy for heavy periods, drugs are prescribed with, for example, or Vikasol. In the complex, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed - Indomethacin, Ibuprofen, as well as vitamin therapy.

It is possible that the doctor will prescribe hormonal drugs and indicate the dosage regimen. Effective in the treatment of heavy menstruation is the Mirena IUD, which contains levonorgestrel.

Surgical treatment is indicated in the presence of diseases such as:

endometriosis;
adenomyosis;
polyps.

Removal of the uterus or hysterectomy is indicated in the most severe cases, for example, when heavy periods are caused by a tumor in premenopausal women.

Will traditional medicine help?

In some cases, treatment can be combined with traditional medicine, after agreeing with the doctor.

With strong menstruation, the following remedies are effective:

Infusion from a shepherd's bag. Preparation: two or three tablespoons of herbs must be poured into a glass of boiling water.
A decoction of a mixture of yarrow herbs, and burnet. A tablespoon of raw materials should be brewed with a glass of boiling water. Next, the decoction is kept in a water bath for at least 15 minutes and taken for 14 days, starting approximately from the middle of the menstrual cycle.

How to prevent?

Preventive measures to avoid heavy periods include:

healthy lifestyle;
moderate physical activity;
food that includes everything essential vitamins and iron.

Abundant periods - something that you can not close your eyes to. It is necessary to consult a doctor, find out the cause of the pathology and begin a course of treatment after the examination.

On the video about heavy discharge

After forty, a woman may experience changes in the menstrual cycle. Most often, they are provoked by physiological changes that are considered the norm and represent the extinction of function. reproductive system due to age, hormonal changes.

Treatment of menstrual disorders at 40 years of age is mainly aimed at reducing the activity of the symptoms of perimenopause.

For most women, the childbearing period ends at 40–45 years of age. This is due to age: the aging processes of the reproductive system are activated in the body, starting with depletion of the ovaries, a decrease in their sensitivity to the effects of follicle-stimulating (FSH) and luteinizing (LH) hormones produced by the pituitary gland. The ovaries stop producing estradiol, causing its blood levels to drop.

The anterior pituitary gland begins to actively produce gonadotropin, the level of FSH, LH rises in the blood, which is why there is a violation of the hormonal background, the menstrual cycle after 40 years.

Gonadotropins provoke severe exhaustion ovaries, while critical days able to occur, but their duration may vary. Gradually, under the influence of such violations menstrual cycle at age 45, its duration increases. Eventually it happens.

Along with these processes in the pituitary gland, failures in the cyclical release of gonadotropins are provoked. Gradually, they cease to have an effect on the ovaries, which are in the active stage of exhaustion. The listed causes of cycle disorders after 40 years provoke oppression of ovarian function, and this is associated with the occurrence in them structural changes, such as:

activation of the process of oocyte death;
atrophic processes in primordial follicles;
thinning of granulosa, stroma;
sclerosis of hyalinosis.

These factors provoke a violation of the cyclicity of menstruation after 45 years due to the lack of the possibility of ovulation, insufficiency of the luteal phase. This affects what happens to a woman's body: oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea develops.

Women of different ages depend on female sex hormones; after 40–45 years, hormonal imbalance also causes depletion of the endometrium of the uterus. Also during this period, opposite processes can occur - diffuse, focal hyperplastic changes. Gradually, the size of the uterus decreases to 4-5 centimeters.

The indicated reasons for the failure of the menstrual cycle also affect the general condition of the woman. This is due to the fact that many tissues and organs have receptors that perceive the level of estrogen, and during menopause or premenopause, it drops significantly.

Most often, such changes are smoothed out using adaptation mechanisms body, blocking the appearance of unpleasant symptoms. But in some women, the activity of these functions is insufficient, which is why the climacteric syndrome manifests itself.

Periods of a woman's life after 40

After forty years, many women begin to suppress the reproductive function. The process of violation of the menstrual cycle is divided into several stages:

Menopause.
Postmenopause.

Perimenopause combines premenopause, menopause, 2 years after the last normal menstruation.

Menopausal transition period

The main cause of menstrual irregularities after the age of 40 is perimenopause. It begins at the age of 40-45 and lasts until the end of menstruation. It is characterized by the beginning of a decrease in the activity of the hormonal function of the ovaries, the occurrence of primary symptoms of menopause. This period passes imperceptibly only for 5-10% of women.

Menopause

At 45, menstrual irregularities caused by premenopause shift to next stage- menopause, which occurs with the last normal period after age 45, lasts a year.

Menopause in a woman's life is premature if it began at 37-40 years old, early - at 41-45. This stage can come earlier for a couple of years with smoking, starvation, alcohol dependence.

perimenopause

It starts at the age of 40-45, and ends by the age of 55. This age is characterized by a decrease in ovarian function associated with the aging of the reproductive system. The perimenopausal phase includes premenopause, menopause, and the next 2 years.

Postmenopause

This stage begins from menopause, that is, after the onset of the last normal menstruation, and also within 1 year after it. It is observed up to 65–70 years, gradually flowing into the senile period.

menopause symptoms

Divided into 3 groups:

early - appear before the cessation of menstruation (during the transition to menopause);
medium-term - begin 2-4 years after menopause;
late - appear 4-5 years after menopause.

In almost 50% of women, menopause is severe with pronounced symptoms. Light form the transition is observed only in completely healthy representatives of the weaker sex, while the violation of the menstrual cycle is observed later.

Early

Failure of the cycle of menstruation in the fifth decade is manifested by vasomotor and psycho-emotional symptoms.

Irregular and short-lived menstruation provokes the appearance vasomotor symptoms, such as:

sensation of heart rate;
feeling of temperature increase;
increased sweating;
hypertension.

At physiological delay menstruation, there is a change in the psycho-emotional state and the appearance of such symptoms:

memory impairment;
insomnia;
irritability;
decrease in libido;
depression;
headaches and.

Medium-term symptoms of menstrual disorders are the appearance of dryness, itching, burning sensations in the vagina, pain during sexual intercourse, urinary incontinence, wrinkles on the skin, increased fragility of the nail plates, hair loss and their weakening.

All of these symptoms can occur within five years after a violation of the menstrual cycle at 45 years.

Late

These symptoms of menopause are associated with the development of diseases of vital systems and organs. The reasons for the failure of the menstrual cycle after 40 years lead to problems such as:

cardiovascular pathologies;
postmenopausal osteoporosis;
Alzheimer's disease.

To avoid development dangerous pathologies need to start treatment promptly climacteric syndrome. the only effective method considered to be substitution hormone therapy. It should be started when early signs menopause. On average, this takes 1-3 years, but the duration can be extended up to 5 years.

Normally, the menstrual cycle has a clear periodicity, the characteristics of which are determined by modern medicine.

Any deviation from the set parameters may indicate a woman's health problems.

Not only the lack of regulation, but also abnormally long periods can alert. If menstruation dragged on for 10-15 days, a woman should seek help from a gynecologist as soon as possible. In some cases, the cause of long periods can be physiological process, but most often in women of reproductive age, prolonged periods cause dangerous diseases. Only a qualified specialist is able to determine what kind of pathology or natural process it may be.

This article will describe the main reasons why menstruation takes a long time in women in different periods their lives and various condition health, as well as ways to treat such anomalies.

About the normal duration of discharge

The first menstruation begins in a teenager at 12-14 years old, with a certain periodicity, menstruation comes to a female person until the moment of complete extinction of the reproductive function. This moment usually comes after 45 years. During the cycle, the ovary provides the conditions and the appropriate hormonal background for the maturation of 1 or more eggs. If an egg is fertilized after ovulation, pregnancy occurs.

If conception does not occur, the egg is excreted as unnecessary from the body along with the exfoliated endometrium. The inner layer The uterus grew in order to serve as a kind of “cushion” for fixing the ovum in case of fertilization. Since the egg has not fulfilled its function, the endometrium is also removed as unnecessary.

The process of exiting the endometrium is called "menstruation". It starts with her new cycle. Ideally, the menstrual cycle should correspond to the following parameters:

the duration of the cycle should be 28 days, but there is a tolerance of 1 week up or down . For different women, the norm may be different meaning cycle duration, within 21-35 days;
regulations can go from 3 to 7 days, everything below or above this indicator is an anomaly;
the volume of secretions for the entire period of critical days of one cycle should be 50-150 ml;
mild soreness is allowed, which does not deprive the woman of her ability to work.

Menstruation does not always correspond to these characteristics; in some cases, the discharge lasts much longer than a week. Consider situations in which long-term regulations can be a variant of the norm.

When Prolonged Bleeding Is Normal

In some cases, long periods do not require special treatment, since they are called natural processes that occur in a woman's body.

Let's list physiological causes long periods:

puberty. Many mothers worry about why their teenage daughters have their periods for so long, in fact, if there are long periods for 1-2 years after menarche, this is considered the norm, since during puberty, the hormonal background normalizes and the menstruation cycle adjusts. In doing so, there may be prolonged discharge or, conversely, meager and short, and it is also possible that there is no menstruation for up to 3 months;
menopause. After 40-45 years, a woman begins hormonal changes associated with the attenuation of reproductive function, at this time the cycle may become irregular and the nature of menstrual flow changes. For the premenopausal period, prolonged menstruation is common;
genetic predisposition. If a girl systematically has protracted regulations, she needs to communicate with her closest relatives. If they also have reproductive age there were long critical days, which means that such a phenomenon is the norm for this family;
abortion or admission oral contraceptives. Long-term regulation in such situations can be considered the norm if the gynecologist has not found signs of pathologies. The cycle should normalize over time;
postpartum period. After the birth of the baby, the woman's body is gradually restored and cleansed, which can cause protracted regulations.

When pathology

If a woman’s periods go longer than usual, you can’t do amateur activities, this can be dangerous not only for her health, but also for life. If the regulation lasts more than 10 days, you should consult a gynecologist for advice.

doctor after full diagnostic examination establish the cause and prescribe the appropriate treatment. Consider the main dangers associated with protracted critical days and the factors that may cause them.

What threatens

Profuse blood loss is itself dangerous state, even without considering the reasons that caused it.

Protracted periods carry the following dangers:

at heavy bleeding leaves the body a lot beneficial trace elements, including iron. Abundant periods are fraught with development iron deficiency anemia, with this disease, the number of red blood cells in the blood is significantly reduced, general weakness and disability are felt;
long periods may result in infertility. If the cause of bleeding was any pathology, then the absence adequate treatment can permanently close the path to motherhood;
if menstruation goes longer than usual, and the intensity of the discharge does not decrease, but even increases, you should call emergency care, because with breakthrough uterine bleeding there is a serious threat to the life of a woman. In some cases, only surgical intervention will help to correct the situation.

Factors

Protracted periods can be a sign serious problems with health, and they can be provoked by disruption of work internal organs absolutely not related to gynecology, therefore, with regulations longer than 10-15 days, you should definitely seek medical help.

Prolonged menstruation can be triggered by the following factors:

hormonal imbalance can be triggered by childbirth, stress, menopause or any other changes in a woman's life. Usually, in 2-3 months, with such hormonal swings, the cycle should return to normal;
endocrine pathologies can be provoked hormonal disorders or tumors. If a woman wants to have children in the future, she needs not only to correct the cycle, but also to undergo a course of treatment prescribed by an endocrinologist;
poor blood clotting, prolonged anemia and poor elasticity blood vessels. When a woman has an insufficient number of platelets produced, not only long-term regules can appear, but the gums also bleed, cuts, wounds and abrasions bleed for a long time;
benign and malignant tumors. Benign fibroids can appear in women at any age, even before the onset sexual life. Usually, the neoplasm develops asymptomatically, in rare cases, there are long-term regulation and inter menstrual bleeding. Cancer tumors at the initial stage, they also do not make themselves felt if they open severe bleeding with pain in the lower abdomen and smelly discharge between menstruation, which means that the disease is rapidly progressing and is in a neglected state;
gynecological diseases associated with pathological growth endometrium. In endometriosis, the lining of the uterus grows into neighboring organs and tissues, against the background of this disease, menstruation intensifies in a woman, PMS is more pronounced, the ovaries and lower back hurt very much, in some cases it is necessary to take painkillers. With focal growth of the endometrium, a polyp is diagnosed. This neoplasm is harmless, diagnosed with a hysteroscope;
improper prescription of contraceptives or individual intolerance to such medications. Hormonal contraceptives, both pills and intrauterine device, are effective means from unwanted pregnancy, but due to individual characteristics female body These methods are not suitable for everyone. If, when using these contraceptives for more than 3 months, disruptions in the menstrual cycle are observed, you should definitely consult with a specialist. You may need to give up hormonal birth control in favor of barrier contraception;
stressful and depressive states can affect the hormonal background of a woman, therefore, in some cases, to normalize the cycle, it may be necessary to take sedatives and sedatives, as well as consult a psychotherapist.

Treatment and prevention

A woman should not think for a long time about what to do with long periods, of course, you should immediately seek help from a doctor who knows exactly how to stop uterine bleeding, which goes on for a long time, as soon as possible With minimal harm for the female body.

The treatment takes place under the supervision of a doctor, at his discretion, in addition to the main therapy, folk methods treatments, infusions, teas or decoctions.

Delay can be dangerous to the health and life of a woman. The sooner the source of the problem is determined, the sooner the fair sex will be able to return to their daily activities.

If the blood loss is plentiful, you should call an ambulance, before her arrival, the following recommendations will help alleviate the condition:

lie down horizontally raise your legs above body level, for convenience, you can put pillows or a roller under them;
A cold compress will help to slightly reduce pain and slow down blood loss. You can take an ice bag, a water bottle, or any food from the freezer. In order not to frostbite the skin, you should apply the compress gently and through a towel;
before the arrival of doctors, you need to drink as much liquid as possible. It could be pure water without gas or sweet weak tea. Soda and juices should be discarded;
if the blood loss is very strong, Ambulance delayed, and the woman is already beginning to lose consciousness, it is necessary to give any hemostatic drug (Vikasol, Dicinon).

These tips will help a woman wait for qualified help and receive further treatment recommendations. If things are really bad, a woman can be hospitalized, so it is necessary to collect all the things necessary for the hospital in advance.

Traditional ways

To quickly stop blood loss in the event that menstruation is long, the following medications can be prescribed:

drugs that stop bleeding by improving blood clotting;
funds that strengthen the vascular walls;
hormone therapy;
drugs that improve the contraction of the uterine muscles;
vitamin complexes and nutritional supplements.

There is no need to figure out how to stop menstruation on your own, do not engage in amateur activities, because you can take hemostatic drugs only in life-critical situations. If protracted periods were caused by diseases of the internal organs, then the inept prescription of the medicine can only worsen the general condition of the woman.

If prolonged regulation is caused by oncology or benign neoplasms, the only treatment would be surgical intervention. The operation should be carried out as quickly as possible so that the tumors do not metastasize to nearby organs. With the timely detection of neoplasms and their complete removal the patient has a high chance of full recovery. If you do not seek help in a timely manner, the disease can reach an inoperable stage.

Alternative treatment

If a woman has long periods, and the doctor allowed her to undergo treatment at home, then, on his recommendation, you can combine traditional methods with folk remedies.

It is important to remember that traditional medicine cannot cope with gynecological problems but is an effective adjunct to drug therapy.

We describe the most popular recipes traditional medicine that our great-grandmothers used to combat protracted periods:

If the menstruation dragged on for longer than 10 days, one should not hope that they will end on their own, there is a reason for such a condition.

It is better to consult a doctor and confirm your suspicions about the naturalness of such a process than to miss the precious time that can be spent on treatment. dangerous disease, which provoked protracted regulations.

The menstrual cycle is set to adolescence and accompanies a woman throughout the entire childbearing period, up to 40-45 years. Its presence signals that the reproductive system is ready to conceive and bear a child, as well as that the body is actively producing female sex hormones.

Causes of violation of the menstrual cycle (as it is sometimes called by the people, correct name“menstrual”) are due to a number of factors, among which the following can be noted:

Hormonal disbalance - Irregular periods may be due to a violation of the functioning of the endocrine system of a woman. With a lack of estrogens, the first phase of the cycle is significantly lengthened, and the dominant one is not released from the antral follicles. With an excess of testosterone, the capsule of the dominant follicle thickens.

As a result, the egg is not able to leave it and the follicle turns into follicular cyst. With a lack of progesterone, the second phase of the cycle becomes too short, which significantly brings the arrival of menstruation closer.

In addition, disruption of hormone production can lead to pathological changes in the structure of the endometrium, which not only leads to disruption of the menstrual cycle, but also to intermenstrual bleeding.

PCOS and MFJ - polycystic ovary syndrome and multifollicular ovaries. These two pathologies are associated with disruption of the paired female gonads. They often cause delays and cysts.

Women who have been diagnosed with one of these conditions have irregular menstrual cycles that tend to last different amount time. As a result, the intervals between menstrual bleeding can be up to 60-70 days (more on).

STD - Sexually transmitted diseases. Unlike hormonal disruptions can only once cause a violation of the menstrual cycle and completely disappear after treatment.

Most often, infections due to which delays and intermenstrual bleeding occur are gonococci, as well as exacerbation of ureaplasmosis and mycoplasmosis.

Disruption of the pituitary and hypothalamus - these parts of the brain produce luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones (LH and FSH), as well as estrogens, progesterone and prolactin. Failures in the work of these glands can affect the change in the nature of menstruation, both in the direction of their increase and in the direction of decrease.

Physiological age-related changes - This category includes menstrual disorders in those women who are over 40. The reserve of eggs by this time ends and the ovarian reserve is depleted. This leads to a noticeable decrease in the level of estradiol and progesterone, which provokes the irregularity of menstruation.

Different causes of menstrual irregularities can affect the appearance of menstruation in different ways. Therefore, dysfunction of the reproductive system can be divided into two types depending on the frequency and nature of bleeding.

Types of menstrual irregularities by frequency:

Polymenorrhea - involves a short cycle, less than 22 days. It is characterized by frequent absence of ovulation and insufficiency corpus luteum, in cases where the maturation of the egg does occur. Polymenorrhea can mean both a single-phase and a two-phase cycle. However, in a biphasic, there is usually a failure of the first or second phase, or both at once.
Oligomenorrhea - involves the onset of menstruation at intervals of 40 to 90 days. This is the most common type of menstrual irregularity, it most often becomes its cause. Often, before the start of such menstruation, spotting is observed for 2-3 days.
- suggests menstrual bleeding, which occurs at intervals of once every 3 or more months. Most often occurs with elevated physical activity, depletion of the ovarian reserve, stress and overweight.

Types of menstrual disorders according to the nature of bleeding:

- characterized by spotting spotting, the duration of which does not exceed 3 days. Such periods are painless, not accompanied by general weakness and do not have severe premenstrual syndrome.
Abundant menstruation - characterized by large blood loss, strong (especially a few hours before menstruation and in the first hours after they start). They often have a pronounced premenstrual syndrome and a duration of at least 6 to 7 days.
Intermenstrual bleeding - characterized by spotting blood secretions, which appear in the middle of the cycle and last 2-3 days. Do not confuse them with spotting, provoked by ovulation. The release of the egg from the follicle may contribute to the appearance of only a few drops of blood, which are expressed in the form of mild light brown one-day discharge. Intermenstrual bleeding is more abundant and has a bright color.
Premenstrual bleeding - characterized by the appearance a few days before menstruation. Usually they intensify and develop into menstruation. Are characteristic symptom endometriosis.
Postmenstrual bleeding - characterized by the presence of spotting spotting, which are observed for several days after the cessation of menstruation and gradually disappear. They are a sign of chronic.

Any of these types of menstrual irregularities can occur in a woman aged 40 to 45 years with the onset of menopause. Bleeding sometimes becomes scarce and rare, sometimes it becomes breakthrough and stops only for a short period of time.

Possible Complications

At any age, menstrual irregularities can lead to various complications that are hazardous to health.

Anemia - may be due to too heavy periods. Its risk is especially high in the case when bleeding is frequent, with an interval of 2 to 3 weeks.
Hematometra is an accumulation of blood and blood clots in the uterus, which for some reason cannot completely go outside. Instead of normal menstruation, in this case, there are very meager, but long-term spotting.
- is not a direct consequence of irregular menstruation, however, menstrual irregularities signal that endocrine system women are not functioning properly. The longer the start of treatment is delayed, the greater the likelihood of infertility.

Depending on what character irregular menstruation treatment will be determined. It provides two directions: drug therapy and surgical intervention.

Moreover, the first option is usually aimed at eliminating the cause of the cycle violation, and the second, implying surgical care, sometimes aimed at eliminating the consequences of the pathological course of menstruation.

Conservative treatment

Therapy involves two tasks: the regulation of hormonal levels and the reduction of blood loss. Before prescribing medication, the doctor should familiarize himself with the results of the ultrasound.

Oral contraceptives- often contain hormones of both the first and second phases. To regulate the cycle, OK is prescribed for several months (from 3 to 6). Endocrine glands under the influence of synthetic analogues of hormones, they will begin to function normally and menstruation will begin to come on time.

However, there are a number of difficulties with this treatment. Firstly, there is a category of women who do not tolerate oral contraceptives. Secondly, treatment with such drugs can only have a temporary effect, and after a few months the menstrual cycle will again become irregular.

Hormonal drugs- unlike oral contraceptives, they contain a synthetic analogue of only one hormone, or they contain substances that prevent the production of a certain hormone.

There, the doctor, based on the results of a blood test, can prescribe a separate drug for each hormone that exceeds allowable rate or has a concentration below normal.

Hemostatic drugs- are prescribed for such violations of menstruation, which are characterized by excessive blood loss. Unlike hormonal drugs the use of hemostatic drugs does not treat the cause of hormonal failure, but only its consequence - bleeding.

Violation of the menstrual cycle in women after 45 years of age requires only symptomatic drug treatment, since the body enters the period of menopause and after a certain time, menstruation will stop forever.

Surgery

Irregular menstruation, triggered by hormonal disorders, can lead to the accumulation of blood clots in the uterine cavity, which different reasons not able to completely pour into the vagina.

In order to avoid inflammation and in order to save the patient from constant scanty bleeding, the body of the uterus is scraped. For treatment, a woman must lie down for a while in a hospital.

The operation is carried out under general anesthesia, and the contents of the uterine cavity, which was taken out, is sent for histology. If you do not correct the menstrual cycle hormonal drugs, then the clots may accumulate again after some time and the surgical intervention will be required again.

If menstruation is irregular, you should pay close attention to this and do not postpone a visit to the doctor.