It is customary to name a certain period of a woman's life when she is able to conceive and give birth to a child. This period is approximately the same for everyone, but may differ somewhat due to physiological characteristics. When does childbearing age begin and end in women?
A woman receives the ability to have children at a very young age, with the advent of menstruation. This should not come as a surprise, since it is preceded by it. It begins at about 10-11 years old and is characterized by an increase in the mammary glands, the appearance of hairline under the armpits, on the pubis. If parents notice such changes in their daughter, they need to talk to the child and explain what is happening. The right one will avoid many problems in the future.
We can say that from now on puberty completed, and women of childbearing age have arrived. But there is no need to rush to have children. Physically, a girl at such a young age can become pregnant and even give birth to a baby. But this will have an extremely negative impact on her health.
The body is not yet ready for such shocks, and the risk of getting serious complications(miscarriage, severe toxicosis, difficult childbirth, very large.
Childbearing age of women
Doctors do not recommend giving birth to girls under 18-19 years old. But it's still better to wait a few more years. It is at this age that the body of a woman best tolerates pregnancy and childbirth. Childbearing age in women lasts about 25-30 years. This period can be significantly reduced due to various chronic diseases.
It is very important from childhood to teach a girl to take care of herself, visit a gynecologist regularly and observe personal hygiene. A child should be taught that any, even the mildest disease, can affect reproductive function. In this regard, you should not start diseases, but always treat them on time. grown woman should visit the doctor at least twice a year, even if there is no cause for concern. Some diseases occur in a latent form, so it is impossible to recognize them on your own. The optimal age for childbirth varies from 20 to 35 years, depending on physical condition women.
When does it all end?
The so-called menopause occurs after 45 years. The childbearing age in women can last longer, or maybe it will end there. Everything happens gradually. The hormonal background changes, the process of ovulation is disrupted, menstruation stops, the eggs stop maturing. This whole process takes more than one year. During this time, a woman can still become pregnant and bear a child. However, there is a high probability of having a baby with various genetic abnormalities. In this regard, doctors recommend not postponing pregnancy for such late dates.
Childbearing age in women depends on their physiological characteristics. It can come very early and end in enough time. This should be taken into account by couples, and therefore, after reaching them, you should not stop using protection.
Reproductive age is the period in a woman's life, the most favorable for conception, bearing and childbirth.
The period during which male body can produce sperm, is called the childbearing age of a man.
Reproductive age of a woman
The optimal childbearing age for the fair sex is between 20 and 35 years. It is recommended to give birth to the first child at a maximum of 25-27 years. In this case, one should take into account the natural ability of a woman's body to conceive, bear and give birth to a baby. This age is also characterized by a sufficient level of psychological and social maturity.
Early pregnancy
Pregnancy that occurred in early age, is often fraught with very adverse consequences. V this case, how younger girl, the higher the likelihood of miscarriage, bleeding and toxicosis.
Early motherhood is dangerous for both the young mother and the baby. Children are often born with a small body weight, they do not adapt well to external conditions, they gain weight worse.
Naturally, the body of each woman is individual, and the birth of a completely healthy child is possible even before the age of twenty. The body of a young woman physiologically may well be ready for pregnancy and subsequent childbirth without any complications. However, there are other circumstances that should be taken into account. For example, is the girl psychologically ready, does she have the necessary knowledge to raise a baby, does she have material means to provide for his needs?
late pregnancy
After the age of thirty-five, a woman begins the process of extinction of reproductive functions. First of all, this is caused hormonal changes in her body, which lead to a decrease in the ability to naturally conceive and certain menstrual irregularities.
A woman is born already having a certain number of primary germ cells (oocytes) in stock. They mature throughout their childbearing years. It is from the primary germ cells that the formation of the egg occurs.
Regularly a person is faced with all sorts of negative factors environment, which have an impact on the entire body, including oocytes. A woman after 40 years of age greatly increases the likelihood of conceiving a child who will have genetic abnormalities.
After forty-five to fifty years of age, women enter menopause, when their eggs stop maturing. Thereby reproductive age woman ends. During this period, a woman will no longer be able to conceive naturally child.
Reproductive age of a man
Over the years, a man gradually decreases the production of sex hormones. For the normal reproductive function of a man, it is essential, first of all, to lower the level of testosterone, which regulates the process of sperm formation.
For this reason, the optimal reproductive age of a man is the period of his life up to 35 years. At an older age, in most of the stronger sex, the ability of spermatozoa to normal fertilization of the egg decreases. The number of DNA damage increases, spermatozoa lose their original mobility. Therefore, the reproductive age of a man should also be considered when planning a pregnancy.
Conception and birth of children in middle-aged parents
To date, the number of births among the fair sex of the older reproductive age (after 35 years) has significantly increased. However, there are enough a large number of positive examples of the birth of the first child even after forty years. In spite of existing risk, the birth of a baby after the age of thirty-five for a woman has its advantages.
Hormonal adjustment female body, which is associated with pregnancy and subsequent childbirth, makes it possible to feel like a young mother, despite her age. At the same time, an increase in vitality is likely, as well as an improvement general well-being and woman's mood. In addition, rich life experience only contributes to the most responsible approach to the process of raising a baby.
When planning a pregnancy in the period of middle age, it is necessary to consult a geneticist. genetic counseling it is necessary for potential parents if they are of older reproductive age (after 35-40 years).
It is no secret that many of our contemporaries different reasons postpone the appearance of heirs "until better times." Someone seeks to make a dizzying career and strengthen their financial position, someone chooses a life partner for a long time and carefully - in all respects a worthy father of a future child, and someone under 35 cannot become a mother due to health problems. Unfortunately, many Russian doctors believe that the age of a woman is perhaps the main risk factor in the issue of procreation, although in the West the birth of the first child after 30 has long become commonplace.There is nothing wrong with the fact that now many women for various reasons are planning a pregnancy, including the first, after 35. A successful business woman or a wealthy housewife is in a better position for health reasons than a young girl who does not lead a completely correct lifestyle due to overwork at the institute or at work, bad habits and the confidence inherent in this age that due to youth everything will turn out “by itself”, without much effort. Older ladies usually devote much more time to their appearance and health. They exercise, take vitamin supplements, diet, and have regular medical examinations. Having crossed the thirty-year milestone, women strive to maintain a long-awaited pregnancy and are ready to follow all the recommendations exactly, which greatly increases their chances of success. Mature couples are more likely to see a doctor before pregnancy, and this allows you to determine everything in advance possible complications and prevent them. Of course, there are also objective problems. Very seriously, the condition of a woman who decides to have a child in adulthood can be affected psychological factor. Unfortunately, according to tradition, domestic medicine prefers to classify even perfectly healthy women in labor over 25 years old as patients. increased risk. In such a situation, the term itself can have a negative impact on a pregnant woman. It is very important to understand that what is important is not the real, but the so-called biological age, that is normal functioning internal organs and systems today. A modern woman, under the supervision of a competent specialist, can give birth healthy child at almost any age.
Throughout her life, a woman goes a wonderful way from a girl to a woman who can give life to another person. It is the stage when this ability can and should be used is called childbearing. The reproductive age of a woman is estimated differently in different countries and various specialists. But there is unity in one thing - the opinion that a woman should give birth from 20 to 35 is supported everywhere. It is optimal to give birth to the first child before the age of 25-27, when the body is already fully mature and ready for bearing, but at the same time, not worn out.
It is believed that after 45-50 years, eggs cease to be produced, as a result of which the woman's ability to conceive disappears. However, in the world there are cases of the birth of children by women over 50 years old. Much of this is facilitated by modern technology.
Childbearing age - early and late pregnancyIt is considered that early pregnancy dangerous for both the woman and the baby she is carrying. Too young mothers have an increased risk of spontaneous miscarriage, bleeding and toxicosis. Babies born to mothers who have not yet turned 20 are often underweight, after birth they gain it poorly, and do not adapt well to new conditions for them. In addition, the girl may not be psychologically ready for motherhood. She does not have all the necessary knowledge to carry out proper care for the child.
In the case of late pregnancy planning, problems with conception and bearing may arise, because by the age of 36 or more, a woman, as a rule, has certain diseases, health abnormalities that do not allow her to conceive or give birth to a baby. In addition, after the age of 40, the probability of having a child with genetic abnormalities is high.
DMC of reproductive age
The question of a woman's reproductive age is often associated with the question (WMC). Women are concerned about whether they are manifestations of menopause. According to statistics, DMC occurs in 4-5 women of reproductive age. They manifest themselves in the form of menstrual irregularities, when menstruation occurs after a significant delay or before the expected date. Most often, the cause of DMK is a malfunction of the ovaries. Other causes may be diseases of the lungs, kidneys or liver. With DMK, ovulation does not occur, it does not form corpus luteum and low progesterone levels. All this makes it impossible to conceive a child. DMK usually occurs in women who have had abortions, ectopic pregnancy, infection or a disease of the endocrine system.
NMC in reproductive age
Violation of the menstrual cycle (NMC) during the reproductive period is a common occurrence. NMCs include:
- amenorrhea - absence of menstruation;
- hypomenorrhea - coming on time scanty menstruation;
- hypermenorrhea - too heavy menstruation that come on time;
- polymenorrhea - too long (6-8 days) menstruation;
- - too short (1-2 days) menstruation;
- tachymenorrhea - shortened menstrual cycle;
- opsomenorrhea - too rare menstruation (with a cycle of more than 35 days).
Reproductive age of a woman in different countries
in Russia and others European countries There is an opinion that a woman of reproductive age should be from 18 to 45 years old. During this period, it is believed that Slavic and European women can conceive and give birth to a child. At the same time, in women of the southern national groups, the reproductive age begins and ends much earlier. Oriental girls mature early and get married, and already being mature women, they age much more rapidly. In Western Europe, the opposite trend is observed - 
towards a shift at a later date: childbirth far beyond 30 and even 40 years is considered normal, respectively, and menopausal age is delayed, which is facilitated by the widespread use of hormonal drugs.
How to prolong a woman's reproductive age?
In order to prolong the childbearing age, women need to carefully monitor their health, treat any diseases in time, monitor their hormonal background. Prevention of abortion is the key to the duration of the reproductive age.
How long does a man remain fertile? It is not possible to give an unambiguous answer to this question. Childbearing age depends on many factors. Some men remain fertile for up to old age, but for most it fades by the age of 60. It is possible to predict the childbearing age of a particular man, but only if it is known exactly how this subject was sexually formed.
From a medical point of view, the average young man becomes fertile at 14 years of age and retains the ability to conceive up to 60 years. However, this does not mean at all that a young man should become a father before the age of 20. best period for the birth of children in a man - 25-45 years. At this time, the man is most active and his sexual functions have not yet begun to fade.
How does a man mature?
As mentioned above, in a teenager, reproductive function is turned on at 14 years of age. But the development of his reproductive system does not stop there. Next, the teenager goes through a series of periods that affect his reproductive abilities.
First physiological changes in the reproductive system begin to occur in boys at 10-12 years old. First sexual feelings appear opposite sex. sex drive goes through 3 stages of development:
- The emergence of interest in girls.
- The desire to hold the girl by the hand, touch her, kiss her.
- The appearance of sexual arousal.
Initially, boys are not interested in the immediate physiology of relationships due to low reproductive capacity. Interest in her comes at the 3rd stage of the development of sexual desire.
As you progress through the stages of puberty, young man testosterone is produced. This hormone stimulates the development of sexual characteristics and reproductive function. It also makes a young man fertile and interesting to the opposite sex.
Time of first sexual contact depends on the social environment in which the young man is brought up and lives. Often due to misconceptions about male sexuality, adolescents main goal relationships with a girl see sex and this is wrong. Because of this, young families often break up.
By the age of 25, a man yearns for more sensual relationships. He consciously seeks to start a family. But this doesn't happen to everyone. There are men who prefer to remain free both in relationships and in sex.
According to surveys, it is only after reaching adulthood that most men begin to experience true pleasure from sex with their wives. This is explained by the fact that over the years the couple has learned the sensual secrets of each other. As a result, emotional coloring is mixed with physical satisfaction.
Changes in male sexual behavior with age
The reproductive age of a man largely depends on his sexual activity. For example, man is 100% fertile, but avoids communication with women due to unwillingness to have children. In this case, we can say that its reproductive function does not work. The reluctance to start a family can stay with him for life.
At the same time, one should take into account the fact that the reproductive age directly depends on the physiological age. After the age of 35, a man's need for sex drops sharply. The thing is that less and less testosterone is being produced in his body. Plus emotional experiences in the family and stress. All this leads to the fact that his sex is no longer interested. That is, after 35 years reproductive functions fade away.
It should also be borne in mind that over the age of 35 spermatogenesis worsens. Spermatozoa not only become less active, their genetic properties deteriorate.
Socially, a man is best of years to start a family by the age of 35. Surprisingly, the same age is best suited for the birth of a child. But in psychological terms, young people are best prepared for starting a family at the age of 25.
How does age affect fertility?
Among women the deadline for having children is 40 years. The fact is that after this age the opportunity to give birth to a healthy child is greatly reduced. In men, everything is more uncertain, since there is practically no research in this regard.
The French made an attempt to change the situation. Scientists from this country studied a sample of documents of 10,000 couples who were treated for infertility. The researchers managed to find out that if men have overcome the milestone of 35 years, then it is more difficult for their wives to bear a child. There is a high chance of miscarriages. By the age of 40, the likelihood of conceiving a child is significantly reduced.
The results of this scientific work cause serious concern among physicians, since in recent decades average age men who become fathers for the first time has exceeded 35 years.
How to support reproductive function?
If the decline in fertility is not caused by diseases, then you can resort to the following recommendations:
If these measures do not help, then don't be afraid to see a doctor.
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