For many teenagers, the topic of sex is one of the most interesting. But few girls think about all the consequences of early sexual activity. attraction to opposite sex- a natural attraction that arises and forms during puberty. However, the appearance of sexual desire does not mean that human body has already reached sexual maturity. The age at which girls first have sexual relations plays a big role in the evaluation of sex and the formation of further attitudes towards it. Girls, once faced with rudeness and inflicted pain, can get disgusted with the process of sex for a long time, as such in general.
However, the girl is not ready for the onset of sexual activity, not only mentally, but also physiologically. The girl's body is not yet mature, the mucosa is not yet prepared for the onset of sexual intercourse and is more vulnerable to the effects of an aggressive environment, which leads to various inflammatory diseases. Also, adolescents are poorly aware of the presence of sexually transmitted diseases. There are more than 40 such infections, and in order to become infected, one sexual contact is enough. And it's not only venereal diseases but also HIV infection viral hepatitis B and C. Girls who started early sexual life, 5 times more likely to suffer from cancer of the cervix. Scientists have proven that cervical cancer is formed by the papillomavirus, which is sexually transmitted. An insufficiently formed young organism does not cope well with this virus. It, getting into the body of a girl early, causes a slow pathology of the cervix.
Also, early sexual intercourse can lead to a completely unwanted pregnancy at this age. And then the question arises - what to do? From this situation there are only two, and both negative ways out: the first is an abortion, the second is an early birth. And often there is only one solution - abortion. The result of such an operation is infertility.
We should not forget about legal aspects early sexual life. The age of consent is the age at which a person is considered capable of giving informed consent for sex with another person. In most cases, an adult is legally liable if he or she has sexual intercourse with a person under that age. AT Russian Federation for the commission of sexual intercourse without the use of violence, by a person who has reached the age of 18, in relation to a person who has not reached the age of 16, criminal liability arises. The age of criminal responsibility for sexual assault or rape is 14, regardless of the age of the victim.
Early motherhood is dangerous for a woman and can have a negative impact on the child.
per level psychological readiness affect motherhood various factors, including the degree of psychophysiological maturity. Great importance plays the age of a woman, as for women different age groups characterized by physiological and psychological features affecting readiness for motherhood.
Scientists argue that the age of 16 to 18 years is not favorable for the birth of a child, either physiologically or psychologically.
modern science found that, despite the acceleration - the acceleration of the pace individual development, - the physical, intellectual and social maturity necessary for the birth and upbringing of a child does not occur at the age of 16-18.
Kashapova S.O., exploring psycho-emotional and personality traits in girls aged 16 to 18 who are expecting the birth of a child, concludes that pregnant women of this age are characterized by inadequate self-esteem, internal conflict, and infantilism. When comparing the obtained results with the data on the formation of the maternal sphere in women of optimal childbearing age, the author notes the distorted formation of the maternal sphere of girls under the age of 19 who are expecting the birth of a child.
In girls of 18 years old, the development of the body has not yet been completed. In particular, the immaturity of the pelvic bones is the cause premature birth, congenital deformities. Of great importance at this age are the problems of a moral and social order. These are personal issues as well. The girl feels universal condemnation, her self-esteem decreases, she moves away from others, the feeling of loneliness and uselessness intensifies. There are also problems with the child. Girls aged 16-18 feel internal confusion, and the difficulties experienced can cause cruelty to the child.
Thus, a girl aged 16-18 is not ready to become a mother. Such an early pregnancy is not desirable not only because of the medical risk to mother and child, but also because of the moral and social climate, which is by no means favorable for further development young mother and her baby. Becoming a mother in adolescence, a young woman, due to social and mental immaturity, is not able to realize the full significance of the changes that have taken place in her life and the responsibility that falls on her shoulders with the birth of a child. Her situation is aggravated by legal insecurity, the imperfection of the current legislation in terms of the rights of a minor woman who has become a mother. Often it is this circumstance that is decisive in determining the fate of the born child. After all, perhaps the only right that equates her to adult single mothers is the right to transfer the child to state children's institution for education and full state support. A young mother often takes this step involuntarily - out of hopelessness and despair. And this step is explained, first of all, by her lack of independent means of subsistence, her own home, and conditions for the normal upbringing of a child.
It is common for young mothers to drop out of school prematurely; they tend to work in the lowest paid jobs and are most dissatisfied with their jobs. They are more likely to become dependent on state support. Young mothers should continue their own personal and social development while at the same time trying to adapt to the round-the-clock needs of the infant.
Often teenage girls who become pregnant face intense disapproval from their family or are already in conflict with their parents by the time they become pregnant. However, if they do not marry, they often have no choice and must continue to live at home during pregnancy and after childbirth, in a dependent position. Therefore, in order to avoid such a situation, some teenage girls are motivated to get married and start their own household. But marriage is not always the best solution to a young mother's problems.
Some researchers believe that, despite the fact that early motherhood interferes with growing up, in many cases it is preferable to early motherhood combined with early marriage. Marriage in late adolescence is statistically more likely to result in school dropout than teen pregnancy. In addition, those who marry at such a young age are more likely to divorce than those who have children first and marry later.
Children of teenage parents are also at a disadvantage compared to children of older parents. They may suffer from their parents' lack of experience in adult responsibilities and caring for others. Because these young parents experience stress and frustration, they are more likely to neglect or abuse their children. Children of young parents are more likely to lag behind in development and cognitive growth. If factors such as poverty, disagreements between spouses and poor education of parents are simultaneously present in the family, then the chances of these problems in a child increase.
However, some young parents do an excellent job of raising their children while continuing to grow up themselves. To do this, they almost always need help. Helping young parents and their children to develop successfully and become productive members of society remains the most important social task.
Thus, it must be concluded that many mothers feel pressure, so young mothers often drop out of school and usually receive less education. They are also more likely to receive unskilled low paying job. Over time, they are more likely to have family problems, which often lead to divorce. They are more likely to become dependent on government support.
1. The age of both spouses is 32 and 33 2. The total planning experience is 4 years4. Unsuccessful pregnancies (WB, B, WB) with an indication of the term - no5. Conducted examinations, procedures and operations - hormones, msg fallopian tubes and many, many ultrasounds to find ovulation)) 6. The diagnosis of infertility is primary infertility of unknown origin. Treatment regimen - treatment of inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries (consequence viral flu), stimulation, a year before pregnancy, the course is ok for 3 months to try to cancel =) 8. Your point of view, what contributed to conception - ...
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At 7 dpo hcg-1.
Girls yesterday was 7 dpo for two five days. Cryo transfer to EC. Of course, I couldn’t stand it and passed early hcg, the result was 1. Of course, I was upset, angry that it was over, because there were no more snowflakes. But the question is a little different, in the last fresh protocol in March, hCG was 0.83. Naturally flying and..... Ectopic pregnancy which I had no idea, based on the hcg result. As a result, a month later, the ectopic ruptured with all the ensuing consequences, because I did not suspect about it. Q: Do people have...
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O early pregnancy you can hear a lot. There is enough information about her to evaluate everything. possible risks and consequences. It would seem that in modern world schoolchildren are more than informed about what happens as a result if they have an early sexual life. But despite this, there are more and more cases of early teenage pregnancy every year.
Early pregnancy refers to the age of 13 to 18 years. This is the period when cardinal changes take place in the body of a teenage girl, namely, the hormonal restructuring of the body begins - the schoolgirl is no longer a girl, but not yet a woman.
The main reason is that schoolgirls grow up very early, and they show great interest in adult sexual life. As a rule, pregnancy occurs after the first sexual intercourse. After all, teenagers are convinced that this will not end in anything dangerous for them. But as a result, everything ends with the fact that a young girl, with tears in her eyes, tells her mother about her pregnancy. In addition, the main responsibility in this situation belongs to the parents, namely the mother of the teenager. For such children, this is a completely unidentified matter and only parents can correctly explain and prevent such cases. Due to the fact that parents have little contact with children on this topic, do not devote enough time and effort to sexual education of adolescents, girls become mothers early.
Consequences of early pregnancy
Unfortunately, the outcome of such a pregnancy can be very different. Everything will depend on how it is perceived in the family. this situation. For example, statistics say that most often unplanned teenage pregnancy ends in an abortion, and 70% of schoolgirls decide on this. And only 15% of girls leave the child, and another 15% are faced with the fact that the pregnancy is suddenly terminated for another early dates. Such a large percentage of miscarriages is due to the fact that the body of a teenager is not yet ready to bear a baby and the fetus is rejected.
Benefits of early pregnancy
Despite the fact that for female body optimal age For first pregnancies exactly between 19 and 26 years of age, there are some claims to protect teenage pregnancy:
- Unfortunately, very often teenage girls, having become pregnant, decide to terminate the pregnancy, mothers agree with this. But in fact, if the pregnancy is proceeding normally, there are many “pros” why a girl needs to give birth. First of all, despite the fact that even if the body of a teenager is not yet fully ready to bear a child, at this age there are rarely any health problems. For example, it is known that it is in youth (20–22 years) that various chronic diseases. Most often, these are gastritis, pancreatitis, cholecystitis, etc. In addition, the number of young people who have cardiovascular diseases is increasing. Naturally, all this together significantly affects the course of pregnancy, especially the development of the fetus.
- As a rule, children begin to get involved in bad habits already in high school, and already, as students, they manage to develop a certain habit of this all. They use a large number of alcoholic beverages, smoke not only tobacco products, but others can also be used. harmful substances, including drugs. And not infrequently, girls who get pregnant at that age have different problems with pregnancy, to the extent that the fetus may have a variety of malformations. In adolescents, the body is still “clean” and most likely a young mother has a better chance of giving birth healthy baby.
- Despite a certain immaturity of the teenage body for pregnancy and childbirth, the psyche of children at this age is quite unpredictable. They are characterized by the so-called "flexibility of the psyche", which allows them to quickly and easily adapt to new living conditions. In addition, the nervous system is characterized by mental lability, which allows you not to get hung up on some specific situation. If we compare nervous system adult woman, then it is much more difficult for her to emotionally tune in to her pregnancy. The fact is that such women are able to constantly oppress themselves with various thoughts, suspicions and worries about their condition.
- Also a big plus in teenage pregnancy is that the baby after birth will have young grandparents. This is good in the sense that not so long ago grandparents themselves were parents of small children and it will certainly be easier for them to help raise their grandson or granddaughter. After all, they still remember well all their knowledge of raising babies. It is also good from a physical point of view, because it is much more difficult for older grandparents to cope with their grandchildren.
Cons of early pregnancy
Of course, the main disadvantage of early pregnancy is that if a girl decides to give birth, she will most likely have to forget about the prospect of becoming a student in the near future. Since her main task is the upbringing of the baby. If she decides to have an abortion, the consequences can be very sad, from gynecological problems to infertility. Unfortunately, most abortions in adolescence are done at long terms. This is because some girls are afraid to tell their parents. Usually, the mother can suspect pregnancy. In addition, there are other unpleasant moments of teenage pregnancy:
- Despite being young and strong organism teenage girl, he is completely unprepared for such heavy load like bearing a fetus. First of all, it concerns immaturity reproductive function, namely, the unsteady hormonal balance, an immature egg and given the early age of the woman in labor, there is the possibility of weak labor activity.
- As a result of sharp hormonal changes there is a high risk of various complications, both during pregnancy and during childbirth. For example, there may be a risk of miscarriage or premature birth, there is also a risk of oligohydramnios, which threatens the health of the child, most likely during early pregnancy, the baby will be born with a low weight, sometimes it can reach critical levels, and most importantly, there is a big threat not only to the health of a young mother, but also her life.
- No less important is the fact that a girl may not be ready for the role of a mother at all. And this is not strange, because even yesterday she lived a free life, and a sudden pregnancy did not fit into her plans. Now she will have to make one of the most important decisions in her life, and if she decides to keep the pregnancy, a radical change in her life awaits her. Unfortunately, very often, future fathers, not realizing all the responsibility for the current situation, simply leave the girl alone with her problems, which also affects her psycho-emotional state.
Teenage pregnancy: what to do?
Given all the pros and cons of early pregnancy, it is very important for the parents of a teenager to still do everything so that this does not happen to your child. After all, it is not in vain that they say: "Everything must be on time." But you also need to know that if this still happened, there is no point in scolding the girl and saying: “I warned you!”. The main task of parents is to do everything so that the expectant mother bears a healthy baby and does not even think about abortion. After all, the consequences of an abortion are more terrible than the birth of a baby. A pregnant woman needs to be supported both mentally and physically. Parents must assure their daughter that she will not be left alone, that they are ready to support her and help in everything. This is especially true for the girl's mother, as she most of all understands her condition and will be able to find the right words. In addition, given that the girl knows absolutely nothing about raising children, it is the duty of the mother to teach her everything and pass on her experience.
Positive on psychological condition influence special courses for pregnant women, which not only support future mother, but also teach her everything necessary: how to take care of the baby, how to prepare for breastfeeding and how to behave during childbirth. You should also definitely visit a psychologist who, as a specialist, knows how to help and support a future young mother. Such consultations for pregnant teenagers are simply necessary. After all, they are faced with a difficult situation, from which it is not easy for them to find a way out.
As for the health of a pregnant woman, she must understand that now she needs to take care not only of herself, but also of her unborn baby. Given the fact that teenage body it will be difficult to experience such a load as pregnancy, the girl needs to visit a gynecologist in time for an examination. In addition, you must submit all necessary tests and follow all doctor's recommendations.
Prevention of early pregnancy
Of course, no matter how it happens, pregnancy (even if it occurs in adolescence) is not yet a tragedy. But it is important to make sure that both girls and guys understand that this is necessary and can be avoided. After all, at their age, the only thing you need to think about is studying. The main mission in "educating" teenagers about sexual life belongs, first of all, to parents, and then to teachers and social services.
It is the responsibility of teachers to inform teenagers not only with boring talk about early pregnancy and its consequences, but to do it available methods. For example, you need to show different films, consider different examples from life, as they say: "Learn from the mistakes of others."
Good trusting relationships with children are of great importance in the prevention of early teenage pregnancy. It is important to always listen to your child and try to understand him. Also, parents should be free to tell their children about the consequences of early sexual activity. A teenage girl must understand that if she has a period, then she may well become pregnant. Before entering into adulthood, she needs to give herself answers to the questions: “Is she ready for children?”, “Will she be able to give birth and raise a baby?” etc. In addition, she also needs to understand that she will need to devote all her time to raising a child. If she is not mentally ready for this (which, most likely, she is), she should be careful. As a rule of thumb for early pregnancy prevention, children at this age should understand what contraception is and how it can protect their health.
To date, adolescents receive most of the information about their sexual experience through the media. mass media. It is the responsibility of parents to monitor and control what your child views and what information they receive. You should explain to a teenager that at his age it is important to make time for more important matters: study, sports and caring for relatives. Remember that the energy directed in the right direction will help protect your child from irreparable mistakes.
For more on early teen pregnancy, watch this video:
Consequences of early pregnancy
Early pregnancy, by definition, occurs in a girl under the age of 18 and is therefore often referred to as a teen. But the problem of early pregnancy in this case is not social, its essence is not that the girl has not reached the age of majority at the time of conception of the child, but that early pregnancy is very dangerous both for the girl’s fragile body and for the unborn child.
First pregnancies at an early age are risky. Complications during pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death for girls aged 15-19. That is why prevention of teenage pregnancy is effective measure that contributes to the goal: improved maternal health. Early unwanted pregnancies are associated with an increase in induced abortions, which can lead, if performed under unsafe conditions, to serious health risks, including death.
Causes of Teenage Pregnancy
Age limits adolescence in different countries vary depending on the time of puberty and the laws of these countries. For European countries this age is approximately 13-19 years. Teenage pregnancy is the pregnancy of a girl who has not become an adult in the legal and medical sense. And the reasons why teenage girls get pregnant have nothing to do with medicine. This is a social issue.
There are several reasons for teenage pregnancy: rape (not by a maniac), joining bad company, dysfunctional family, sexual ignorance. And upon closer examination, it turns out that the family is to blame for all these reasons.
PREVENTION OF EARLY PREGNANCY AND POOR REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AMONG ADOLESCENTS
To prevent early sexual activity and early pregnancy in adolescents, WHO recommendations have been developed regarding:
Reducing the number of marriages before the age of 18;
Reducing the number of pregnancies before the age of 20;
Wider use contraceptives adolescent girls who are at risk unwanted pregnancy;
Reducing the incidence of forced sex among adolescent girls;
Reducing the number of unsafe abortions among adolescent girls;
Increased use of skilled antenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal medical services among adolescent girls.
Adolescent girls need to be informed and empowered to prevent pregnancy (and sexually transmitted infections, including HIV). sex education aims to equip children and adolescents with the knowledge, skills and ability to make responsible decisions regarding their sexual and social connections. Similarly, adolescent girls need to be informed about medical care in the case of abortion, where provided by law, and the dangers of unsafe abortion. Teenage girls need to develop their life skills and improve their connections with social groups and systems social support, which will help them to refuse unwanted sexual intercourse and to resist coercive sexual intercourse - measures that they are often unable to take. Sex education plays an important role in the prevention of early pregnancy.
Sex education is a system of pedagogical measures aimed at developing in children, adolescents, and youth a reasonable, healthy attitude towards issues of sex, sexual morality, and sexual life. Thus, the main idea of sex education is to prepare the younger generation for "adult" life.
An important section on the prevention of unwanted pregnancies in adolescents is health education, which includes: conversations with teenage girls, lectures, film and video demonstrations, the release of leaflets, memos, and the design of an information board.
Children's Polyclinic No. 1 has a "School of Reproductive Health" for adolescent girls (12-17 years old). The cycle of classes includes: 4 lectures (anatomy and physiology of the female body, hygiene of girls and girls; sexually transmitted infections and their prevention, impact bad habits on the girl's body; methods modern contraception; about the dangers of abortion) with informational films and slides; questioning girls before and after classes at the school of reproductive health, analysis of the information received.
We invite you to visit our lectures, where we will answer all your questions and, if necessary, provide qualified assistance.
Obstetrician-gynecologist of the Department of Medical and Social Assistance of Children's Hospital No. 1
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