Table of contents:

The composition of Cycloferon

The drug in question is produced in three forms: tablets for oral administration, solution for injection and liniment for external use.

Cycloferon tablets

The main active ingredient is meglumine acridone acetate, in one tablet - 150 mg. Excipients:

• povidone;
• calcium stearate;
• hypromellose;
• polysorbate;
• propylene glycol;
• methacrylic acid.

The tablets have yellow tint, biconvex, are enteric coated, which makes them easier to take.

Solution for injection Cycloferon

The main active ingredient (meglumine acridone acetate) is contained in an amount of 125 mg per ml. Of the excipients, only water for injection can be isolated to a volume of 1 ml (ampoule). The solution of this drug is clear but yellow. It is sold in a cell package and a cardboard box, ampoules can be made of transparent or brown glass.

Liniment Cycloferon

The main active ingredient is meglumine acridone acetate in an amount of 50 mg per 1 ml of external agent. The following are used as auxiliary substances in liniment:

• benzalkonium chloride;
• propylene glucol.

Liniment is a yellow transparent liquid, it has a rather specific odor. Available in tubes of 5 and 30 ml.

How Cycloferon works (pharmacological capabilities of the drug)

The drug in question has two pronounced effects at once: and antiviral. In addition, Cycloferon also has weak antitumor, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects. Cycloferon in any of its pharmacological forms activates bone marrow stem cells and ensures the formation of granulocytes. If we omit the pharmacological terms, then the following possibilities of the drug in question can be distinguished:

• is able to suppress autoimmune reactions;
• reduces the intensity of any pain syndrome and inflammatory process in rheumatic pathologies and systemic diseases of the connective tissue;
• normalizes and stabilizes the immune status for a long time in patients with HIV infection;
• leads to a significant improvement in the health status of patients, and, and other pathologies;
• improves the balance of immunity, when applied topically (liniment) can quickly eliminate inflammation;
• renders;
• prevents the progression of tumor processes;
• has antimicrobial effect.

Indications for the use of Cycloferon

The drug in question in tablet form is prescribed as one of the components of complex therapy in adults for the following diseases:

• acute respiratory diseases;
• chronic fungal infections and bacterial etiology that provoked secondary immunodeficiency;
• neuroinfection:, serous,;
• acute intestinal infections of viral origin.

In childhood, Cycloferon tablets are prescribed for diagnosed:

• hepatitis C and B, occurring in acute or chronic form;
• HIV infection;

Cycloferon solution for injection is indicated for use in adults with the following pathologies:

• different types and the severity of the course;
• neuroinfection;
• HIV infection;
• diseases of chlamydial etiology;
• joint diseases, including deforming osteoarthritis;
• systemic connective tissue diseases;
• secondary immunodeficiency, developed against the background of acute / chronic infections of fungal or bacterial etiology.

In childhood, Cycloferon injections is prescribed only if three pathologies are diagnosed - hepatitis, HIV infection and herpes infection.

Liniment Cycloferon is used only as one of the components of complex therapy for:

• non-specific;
• specific;
• bacterial vaginitis;
• infections of herpetic origin.

Contraindications to the use of Cycloferon

It is strictly forbidden to use the drug in question for the treatment of women who are in the period of bearing a child or during lactation. In addition, there are more specific contraindications for a single pharmacological form:

• tablets solution for injection is prohibited to use as part of therapy when diagnosing decompensated cirrhosis of the liver;
• tablets, liniment and injection solution are contraindicated in case of existing hypersensitivity to the components of Cycloferon.

The drug in question is categorically contraindicated for use in childhood (restrictions apply up to 4 years) and up to 18 years. Moreover, the injection solution and tablets are contraindicated only until the indicated early age, and liniment is prohibited to use until the patient's majority.

Note:Cycloferon should be used with extreme caution in case of erosions, both of the duodenum, and a strong history. If the doctor has prescribed treatment with injection solution and tablets to a patient with diagnosed thyroid dysfunction, then therapy should be carried out only after agreement with the endocrinologist and under his supervision.

How to take Cycloferon for adults and children

In general, any pharmacological form of the drug in question is dosed individually - it all depends on what disease is diagnosed and what age the patient is.

Adult pills

The drug should be taken once a day 20-30 minutes before the main meal. Tablets cannot be crushed, but you need to drink plenty of clean water. Dosage and duration of treatment:

1. ... 2-4 tablets according to the scheme: 1/2/4/6/8/11/14/17/20/23 days of illness. This scheme is basic and is quite applicable for most pathologies of herpetic etiology. The full course of treatment will require 20-40 tablets. Cycloferon treatment is prescribed only in case of exacerbation of chronic herpes infection.
2. ... 4 tablets according to the basic scheme, then - 4 tablets once every 3-5 days (depending on the severity of the disease). The duration of the course of treatment is about three and a half months, you will need 100-150 tablets.
3. Neuroinfection... 4 tablets according to the basic scheme, then - 4 tablets once every 5 days. The course of treatment is on average 75 days.
4. and... 2-4 tablets once a day. A maximum of 20 tablets will be required for the course of treatment. If the flu is severe from the first days, then a single dose can be increased to 6 tablets.
5. Intestinal infections... 2 tablets per reception according to the basic scheme until the eighth day, from the 11th day the dose increases and is 4 tablets.
6. Immunodeficiencies. 2 tablets according to the basic scheme.
7. ... 4 tablets according to the basic scheme, then - in the same dosage, but once every 5 days for 75 days. After 2-3 months, the specified course of treatment is repeated.

Children pills

Cycloferon is prescribed to children once a day, 20-30 minutes before meals. The following daily dosage should be adhered to:

• age 4-6 years - one tablet at a time;
• age 7-11 years - two tablets to take;
• age from 12 years old - three tablets to take.

The treatment regimen for the drug in question depends only on the pathology:

1. Herpetic infection... Assign on the 1/2/4/6/8/11/14 day of treatment and strictly in the age dose. The doctor will select further treatment tactics on an individual basis, depending on the patient's state of health.
2. Viral hepatitis B and C... The dose by age is twice in a day, then a three-time dose is introduced in 48 hours, and with positive dynamics - 5 doses in 72 hours.
3. Influenza and acute respiratory infections... The dose in accordance with the age of the child, which is taken on the 1/2/4/6/8 day of therapy, then another five times the drug is taken every 72 hours.
4. HIV infection... Age-related dose for 1/2/4/6/8/11/14/17/20 days of treatment. Further, Cycloferon is taken as maintenance therapy once every 3-5 days for 5 months.
5. Intestinal infections... In a daily age dose, once on 1/2/4/6/8/11 day of treatment.

Cycloferon solution for injection

The solution is injected intramuscularly or intravenously once a day according to the basic scheme: 1/2/4/6/8/11/14/17/20/23/26/29 day of treatment. A single dosage depends only on the pathology:

1. Neuroinfection... Prescribe 12 injections at a dose of 200-500 mg, which are included in the complex treatment. The total dose should not exceed 6 grams, especially severe cases re-treatment is allowed.
2. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system... Two courses of 5 injections are carried out with an interval of two weeks, a single dose is 250 mg.
3. Hepatitis. A single dose is 250-500 mg, ten injections are prescribed, then they take a break for two weeks and the course of therapy is repeated.
4. Immunodeficiency states... A course of 10 intramuscular injections is carried out, a single dose is 250 mg, repeated courses are rarely prescribed.
5. HIV infection... A single dose is 500 mg, 10 injections are given intramuscularly according to the basic scheme. Then, supportive treatment is carried out - 500 mg once every 5 days for 2, 5 months. A month after the end of the first course, the therapy is repeated.
6. ... Four courses of 5 injections in two weeks, a single dose of 250 mg.
7. ... For a course of 10 injections, a single dose of 250 mg, treatment is carried out according to the basic scheme. A second course of treatment can be prescribed only 10 days after the end of the first one. Doctors recommend, when treating chlamydial infections, to combine the intake of Cycloferon and antibacterial drugs.

The dose of the solution of the drug in question in the case of treating a child is calculated strictly individually - 6-10 mg / kg of the patient's weight. The drug is administered intramuscularly or intravenously once a day. Cycloferon is used in injections for treatment as follows:

1. Herpetic infection... The dose previously calculated for the child's weight is administered on the 1/2/4/6/8/11/14/17/20/23 day of treatment. Then the drug is used to consolidate the effect, one injection is performed every 5 days. The duration of the course of treatment is determined only by the attending physician.
2. Hepatitis... The calculated dose is administered to the child on the 1/2/4/6/8/10/12/14/16/18/20/22/24/26/28 day of treatment. If the infection is protracted, then a second course of treatment is carried out two weeks after the end of the first course.
3. HIV infection... A course of treatment is carried out according to the same scheme as for hepatitis. Further, maintenance therapy is carried out according to the scheme: 1 injection every 5 days for 3 months.

Liniment

Cycloferon for topical use is used in the treatment of various pathologies only in adult patients:

Note:the described treatment regimens with Cycloferon in different pharmacological forms are basic, but may vary at the discretion of the treating physician.

Cycloferon is a domestic drug with an immunostimulating effect, prescribed for the prevention and treatment of viral diseases such as influenza, herpes, hepatitis and respiratory infections.

Cycloferon also has anti-inflammatory properties, which produces an additional positive effect in the treatment of infectious diseases.

Direct antiviral action provides an active fight against the pathogen and increases the body's resistance to various infections.

Let us consider in more detail the instructions for the use of Cycloferon tablets for children, the cost and parental reviews of the drug.

Composition, active substance, description, release forms

The active substance of the drug Cycloferon is acridone acetate meglumine in the amount of 150 mg.

Additional components- povidone, calcium stearate, propylene glycol, hypromellose, polymers of ethyl acrylate and methacrylic acids.

Cycloferon is available in the form solution for injection, liniment (a thick medicinal mass in a tube) and tablets with a biconvex shape, yellow color, there is an enteric coating.

Indications

In children over 4 years old, Cycloferon is used for the prevention and treatment of acute infections of the respiratory tract, including manifestations of influenza, as well as in the combination therapy of herpes infections in children and adults.

To find out what it is, we offer our publication.

O vegetable syrups from cough for children from our detailed and informative review.

And the next article tells about how a child's dry cough is treated.

Contraindications

It is necessary to use the drug with caution. with exacerbated diseases of the digestive system. These are erosive and ulcerative processes in the stomach and duodenum, inflammatory changes in the gastric mucosa, duodenitis,.

In the case of the transferred expressed allergic reactions before using the drug, you should consult a specialist.

The use of the drug is contraindicated under the following conditions:

• hypersensitivity to the constituent components;
• cirrhosis of the liver in the decompensated stage;
• pregnancy and lactation;
• age up to 4 years.

How does the drug work?

Active active ingredient of the drug Cycloferon possesses immunostimulating, antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties.

The substance acts on blood cells such as leukocytes, macrophage components, epithelial cells and on the hematopoietic organs: spleen, liver. It calls increased production various fractions of interferons by the body's own cells.

Interferons are protein structures responsible for fighting viruses... They force cells to suppress the formation of viral proteins, prevent their assembly and release into the bloodstream.

The second important function interferons - stimulating the immune system itself, activating antiviral mechanisms.

This happens by influencing special leukocytes - T-helpers, which secrete special substances that mobilize the body's defenses.

The medicine ensures the restoration of the balance between the immune cells of the body, making the immune system more productive.

The active substance is able to correct the immune status in HIV-infected and patients with various immunodeficiency conditions.

The drug is active in the treatment of herpetic, respiratory viral infections: adenovirus, RS infection, parainfluenza and influenza, rhinovirus inf. and others.

There are positive effects in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, there is an analgesic effect.

Cycloferon has low toxicity, does not show mutagenic, teratogenic and embryotoxic effects.

The maximum level of the substance in the circulating blood is observed 2 hours after application, the level is maintained for 7 hours. It passes into the brain structures. The half-life takes about 5 hours.

Dosage at different ages

Dosage of the drug Cycloferon depends on the patient's age:

• 4-6 years old - 150 mg;
• 7-11 years old - 300-450 mg;
• adults - 450-600 mg.

Method of application, special instructions

The entire dose of tablets is taken in 1 dose half an hour before meals., you can drink water. In adults, for the treatment of respiratory infectious diseases, the drug is prescribed for 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 days.

For severe flu it is possible to take 6 tablets at once. For the treatment of herpes appoint an appointment for 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20 and 23 days.

For children, the course is slightly different... For respiratory tract infections, the drug is taken on days 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20 and 23. With herpes - 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 14 days.

You should start taking the drug immediately, at the first symptoms of the disease, without waiting for the development of the acute stage.

In this case, therapy will be most effective. After the course, it is recommended to repeat it after 2-3 weeks.

The drug does not affect the reaction rate and the ability to drive a vehicle and dangerous mechanisms.

In the absence of the expected effect from taking the drug, you need to consult a specialist.

Interaction with other substances

There is a positive effect of combined use the drug Cycloferon and interferons, chemotherapeutic agents and various medicinal substances providing symptomatic treatment colds and herpes diseases.

In the case of chemotherapy treatment, Cycloferon reduces the severity of its side effects... The drug enhances good effect interferon therapy.

Overdose and side effects

In rare cases, the manifestation of allergic reactions is possible. caused by taking the drug Cycloferon.

Possible consequences of drug overdose are not described.

Average prices in Russia

Packaging of the drug Cycloferon 150 mg, containing 10 tablets, costs an average of 180 rubles, 20 tab. - 340 rubles, 50 tablets - 750 rubles.

Storage and dispensing conditions, shelf life

The medicine is stored when room temperature within 2 years available without a prescription.

Name:

Cycloferon

Pharmachologic effect:

Cycloferon refers to immunomodulatory and antiviral agents... The drug is a high molecular weight inducer of endogenous interferon formation. The effectiveness of the drug is due to a wide range of biological activity: anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antiviral, immunomodulatory, antitumor effects. Cycloferon, when introduced into the body, potentiates the formation and content of high titers of beta and alpha interferons in tissues and organs.

Especially high content interferons are determined in tissues and organs containing a large number of lymphoid elements: liver, spleen, lungs, intestinal mucosa. The drug also activates stem cells bone marrow, causing intensive formation of granulocytes. Normalizes the ratio of T-helpers and T-suppressors, promotes the activation of killer cells and T-lymphocytes. With immunodeficiencies of various origins, this causes a correction of the body's immune status. Able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier.

Cycloferon causes clinical improvement in viral infectious diseases (herpes, flu, tick-borne encephalitis, hepatitis, cytomegalovirus infection, HIV infection, papillomatous and enterovirus infection). Due to the activation of the immune system, it has anti-chlamydial and antimicrobial action... Prevents the formation of tumor processes in the body due to antimetastatic and anticarcinogenic effects. Suppresses the body's autoimmune reactions, which is manifested by a decrease in the severity of pain and inflammation in systemic diseases of the connective tissue and rheumatic diseases.

When applied topically, Cycloferon improves the balance of the immune system, and also has antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects.

After internal administration of Cycloferon in the maximum permissible dosage, the active substance is found in the maximum plasma concentration after 2-3 hours. In the future, the concentration of the drug decreases by 8 o'clock. A day after taking Cycloferon can be found in the body in trace concentrations. The half-life is 4-5 hours. When prescribing Cycloferon in the recommended dosages of cumulation active substance not visible.

Indications for use:

Cycloferon - tablets

Herpetic infection

Influenza and acute respiratory infections (acute respiratory diseases),

Sharp intestinal infections,

Neuroinfections (including tick-borne borreliosis - Lyme disease, serous meningitis),

Secondary immunodeficiency due to chronic fungal and bacterial infections.

Viral chronic hepatitis C and B,

In pediatrics - as part of complex therapy for:

Herpetic infection

Viral chronic and acute hepatitis C and B,

Acute intestinal infections

For the treatment and prevention of acute respiratory diseases and influenza.

For adults - as part of complex therapy for:

HIV infection in clinical stage 2A-3B,

Viral hepatitis C, A, D and B,

Systemic connective tissue diseases and rheumatic diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis),

Neuroinfections (including tick-borne borreliosis - Lyme disease, serous meningitis, encephalitis),

Cytomegalovirus or herpes infection,

Secondary immunodeficiency due to chronic or acute fungal and bacterial infections,

Chlamydial infections

Degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the joints (including deforming osteoarthritis).

In pediatrics (children over 4 years old) - as part of complex therapy for:

Viral hepatitis C, A, D, GP and B,

Herpetic infection

HIV infection in clinical stage 2A-3B.

As a constituent component complex treatment in adults with:

Herpetic infection

Therapy of nonspecific vaginosis and bacterial vagititis,

Treatment of balanoposthitis, specific urethritis (chlamydial, gonorrheal, Trichomonas), candidal and nonspecific etiology.

Application method:

Cycloferon - tablets

Assign once a day half an hour before meals. The tablet is washed down with water, not chewed.

In case of herpes infection for adults, Cycloferon is prescribed for taking 2-4 tablets according to the scheme: 1st, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20 and 23rd days (basic scheme) - only for the course of therapy - 20-40 tablets (3-6 g). Treatment begins at the time of exacerbation of the disease.

For acute respiratory infections and influenza - 2-4 tablets once a day. In total, for a course of therapy - 10-20 tablets (1.5-3 g). Prescribed at the first symptoms of the disease. In the case of a severe clinical picture, 6 tablets can be used for the first appointment. Cycloferon treatment is combined with analgesics, antipyretic and expectorant drugs (if necessary and according to indications).

With viral chronic hepatitis C and B - 4 tablets for taking according to the scheme: 1st, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20 and 23rd days. Then they switch to a maintenance intake of the drug, 4 tablets 1 time in 3-5 days for 3.5 months (if the cytolytic and replicative activity of the infectious process is preserved). In total, the course of treatment is 100-150 tablets. The course of therapy must be repeated if the patient has viral hepatitis C or a mixed form of infection. Repeated courses of Cycloferon are prescribed 2 times: each - 1 month after the end of the previous one. It is prescribed in combination with antiviral agents and interferon.

In case of intestinal infections (as part of a complex treatment), 2 tablets are prescribed for taking according to the scheme: 1st, 2, 4, 6, 8th days. Then - for an appointment, 2 tablets on the 11th, 14th, 17th, 20th and 23rd days. A total of 20 tablets (3 g) for the course of treatment.

With neuroinfections, 4 tablets are prescribed for taking according to the scheme: 1st, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20 and 23rd days. Then they switch to a maintenance dosage - taking 4 tablets 1 time in 5 days. The total duration of treatment is 2.5 months (100 tablets - 15 g).

In case of HIV infection in the clinical stage 2A-3B, 4 tablets are prescribed for taking according to the scheme: 1st, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20, 23rd days of treatment. Next, they switch to a maintenance dosage: taking 4 tablets 1 time in 3-5 days. The duration of the course of treatment is 2.5 months. A total of 100-150 tablets per course. After the end of the previous course, 2-3 weeks later, the treatment is repeated according to the same scheme.

With immunodeficiencies, 2 tablets are prescribed for taking according to the scheme: 1st, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20, 23rd days of treatment. A total of 20 tablets (3 g) for the course of therapy.

In pediatrics, Cycloferon is prescribed in the following doses: for children 4-6 years old - 1 tablet (150 mg), at the age of 67-11 years - 2 tablets (300 mg), from 12 years old - 3 tablets (450 mg) once a day. If it is necessary to repeat the course of therapy, Cycloferon is prescribed 2-3 weeks after the end of the previous course.

Acute viral hepatitis C and B: apply the recommended dosage for children 2 times at intervals of a day. Then appoint 3 times with an interval of 48 hours. In the future, 5 receptions of Cycloferon are used after 72 hours. Depending on age, only 10-30 tablets for a course of therapy.

Viral chronic hepatitis C and (or) B: Cycloferon is prescribed in dosages recommended for children with an interval of 48 hours. In total, the course of treatment is 50-150 tablets (depending on age).

In case of HIV infection in clinical stage 2A-3B, Cycloferon is prescribed to children in the recommended dosage according to the scheme: 1st, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20th days of treatment. Then they switch to a maintenance reception 1 time in 3-5 days for 5 months.

In case of herpes infection, it is prescribed according to the scheme: 1st, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 14th days of treatment. The duration of taking the drug depends on the severity of clinical manifestations and the severity of the course of the disease.

For acute intestinal infections, it is prescribed according to the scheme: 1st, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11th days of treatment 1 time per day in the recommended childhood doses. A total of 6-18 tablets for the course of treatment.

During the period of an unfavorable epidemiological situation, for the prevention of influenza and acute respiratory diseases, Cycloferon is prescribed in doses recommended for children according to the scheme: 1st, 2, 4, 6, 8th days, then 5 more times with an interval of 72 hours. For the course of treatment - 10-30 tablets.

For influenza and acute respiratory diseases, Cycloferon is prescribed in doses recommended for children at intervals of a day. For the course of treatment - 5-9 doses of the drug (1 time per day).

Cycloferon for parenteral use

Use the basic scheme of drug administration (1st, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20, 23, 26, 29th days of treatment), which will depend on the type of disease. Applied intravenously or intramuscularly once a day.

With viral hepatitis B, A, D, C, a single dose of Cycloferon is 250-500 mg. A total of 10 injections for the course of treatment according to the basic scheme. The total total dose is 2.5-5 g. The course is repeated after 10-14 days.

For cytomegalovirus and herpes infections, Cycloferon is prescribed according to the basic scheme. In total for the course of treatment - 10 injections of 250 mg. The total total dose is 2.5 g. The most effective use of the drug at the beginning of an exacerbation of the disease.

With neuroinfections, Cycloferon is prescribed according to the basic scheme. In total, the course of therapy is 12 injections of 250-500 mg each. Drug treatment should be combined with etiotropic therapy. The total total dose is 3-6 g. If necessary, therapy can be repeated.

In HIV infection in clinical stage 2A-3B, Cycloferon is prescribed in a single dose of 500 mg intramuscularly. A total of 10 injections per course of treatment according to the basic scheme. Total cumulative dose 5 g. After graduation basic course supportive treatment is prescribed once every 5 days for 2.5 months. A second course of therapy is prescribed 1 month after the end of the last course.

For chlamydial infections, Cycloferon is prescribed at a dose of 250 mg. A total of 10 injections per course of treatment. The total total dose is 2.5 g. 10-14 days after the end of the last course, a second course of therapy is prescribed.

In immunodeficiency states, 10 injections are prescribed per course of treatment. Intramuscular administration of the drug is used in a single dose of 250 mg according to the basic scheme. The total total dose is 2.5 g. 6-12 months after the end of the last course, a second course of therapy is prescribed.

In case of systemic diseases of the connective tissue and rheumatic diseases, the basic scheme of administration of Cycloferon is prescribed for 5 injections (4 courses). The dose is 250 mg with an interval of 10-14 days. The need for re-appointment of Cycloferon is determined by the doctor individually.

In case of degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the musculoskeletal system, 250 mg is prescribed according to the basic scheme - only 2 courses of 5 injections with an interval of 10-14 days. The need for re-appointment of Cycloferon is determined by the doctor individually.

In pediatrics: daily dose Cycloferon is calculated on the basis of 6-10 mg / kg of the patient's body weight. It is used intramuscularly or intravenously once a day.

For acute viral hepatitis B, A, C, GP, D and mixed forms, Cycloferon is prescribed according to the scheme: 1st, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28th day of treatment. In the case of a protracted course of infection, it is necessary to repeat the course in 10-14 days.

In viral chronic hepatitis C, B, GP, D Cycloferon is prescribed according to the scheme: 1st, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 days of treatment. Then - maintenance therapy once every 3 days for 3 months (if the cytolytic and replicative activity of the infectious process is preserved).

In HIV infection, Cycloferon is prescribed according to the scheme: 1st, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 days of treatment. Then, maintenance therapy is used once every 5 days for 3 months (if the replicative activity of the infectious process remains). With mixed forms of infections (HIV infection, hepatitis), chronic hepatitis It is possible to extend the maintenance treatment for up to 6 months.

In case of herpes infection, Cytcloferon is prescribed according to the scheme: 1st, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20, 23rd days of treatment. The therapy can be continued up to 4 weeks of maintenance dosage - a single injection every 5 days.

Cycloferon for local use

For herpes infection: Cycloferon liniment is applied to the affected area with a thin layer 1 time per day for 5 days. In the case of genital herpes, daily intraurethral and (or) intravaginal instillations of 1 bottle of liniment (5 ml) are performed once a day for 10-15 days. Liniment can be combined with other local and systemic antiherpetic agents.

With candidiasis and nonspecific urethritis, instillations are carried out into the urethra in the amount of 1-2 bottles (5-10 ml). The dose in this case depends on the level of damage to the urethra. In the case of a pathological process in the anterior region of the male urethra the cannula of the syringe with the typed Cycloferon liniment is immersed in the external opening of the urethra, after which the opening is compressed for 1.5-3 minutes. After some time, the instillation solution is released by gravity. After half an hour, the patient should urinate, since a longer exposure to Cycloferon can cause edema of the urethral mucosa. In case of damage to the posterior part of the urethra and (or) the seminal glands, intraurethral instillation of the drug is used through urethral catheter in the amount of 1-2 bottles (5-10 ml) of Cycloferon liniment for 10-14 days, once a day every other day. In total, the course of treatment is 5-7 instillations.

For the treatment of specific urethritis, it is necessary to supplement in the form of specific antibacterial agents used according to standard regimens.

With candidal colpitis, bacterial vaginosis, nonspecific colpitis and (or) endocervicitis, it is possible to use Cycloferon as monotherapy or as part of a complex treatment. Apply instillations of Cycloferon-liniment into the vagina in the amount of 1-2 bottles (5-10 ml) for 10-15 days every day. To avoid the free flow of liniment, the entrance to the vagina must be tamped with a sterile cotton swab of a small size for 2-3 hours. In case of a combination of intravaginal and intraurethral infections, the combined use of instillations in the vagina and urethra in an amount of 1 bottle (5 ml) for 10-15 days is recommended everyday. It is allowed to use liniment in the form of tampons impregnated with the drug.

Cycloferon liniment can be combined with other officinal vaginal dosage forms in the case of chronic diseases ( vaginal suppositories, pills).

Adverse events:

Allergic manifestations to cycloferon and other components of the drug.

Contraindications:

For internal administration and parenteral administration - liver cirrhosis (decompensated),

Allergic reactions to cycloferon and other components of the drug.

During pregnancy:

Cycloferon is contraindicated for pregnant women and nursing mothers. During lactation, cycloferon liniment is not contraindicated.

Interaction with other medicinal products:

The drug is fully compatible with other drugs that are prescribed for the treatment of these diseases (including chemotherapy drugs and interferons).

Overdose:

Information is absent.

Release form of the drug:

Cycloferon tablets are enteric coated brown-golden or brown. Tablets are available in polymer or dark glass jars (50 pieces each) and in blisters of 10 pieces each. In a cardboard box 1 or 5 blisters.

Cycloferon - solution for injection - in ampoules of 2 ml (12.5%). The ampoule contains a yellow transparent liquid. 1 ml of solution for injection contains 125 mg of the drug (in 1 ampoule - 250 mg). In a cardboard box there are 5 ampoules in a contour package.

Cycloferon liniment 5% is a yellow liquid ointment, 5 ml in a tube.

Storage conditions:

It is recommended to store Cycloferon in a dark, dry place at a temperature of 18-20 ° C. Tablets and liniment can be stored for no more than 2 years, solution for injection - 3 years. Short-term freezing of the solution for injection (during transportation) is allowed - this does not change the medicinal and physicochemical properties of the drug. Frozen injection solution must be thawed only at room temperature. In case of sediment formation or when the color of the solution for injection changes, the drug cannot be used.

Composition:

Cycloferon tablets

Active ingredients: acridoneacetic acid (150 mg per tablet), N-methylglucamine (146 mg per tablet).

Inactive substances: calcium stearate, methylcellulose.

Solution for injection Cycloferon

Active ingredients: acridoneacetic acid (125 mg in 1 ml, 250 mg in 1 ampoule).

Inactive substances: water for injection, stabilizing and salt-forming additive (N-methylglucamine 192.9 mg in 2 ml).

Liniment of Cycloferon

Active ingredients: acridoneacetic acid in the form of N-methylglucamine salt (50 mg in 1 g of liniment).

Inactive substances: 1,2-propylene glycol up to 100% (base), catapol 0.1% (antiseptic).

Additionally:

The use of the drug by mouth or in the form of injections for diseases of the thyroid gland should be carried out under the close supervision of an endocrinologist.

Articles on this topic:

Cycloferon in the treatment of arthritis Cycloferon in the treatment of viral diseases The use of Cycloferon in gynecological practice The use of Cycloferon in immunodeficiency states All materials on the preparation "Cycloferon"

Dear doctors!

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As soon as we approach the change of seasons from warm to cold, there is an increase in epidemics of acute respiratory diseases. In order not to expose the body to severe stress, it is necessary to prepare in advance. One of the best drugs is cycloferon for the prevention of influenza, how to take it and in what doses, we will learn in more detail.

An outbreak of respiratory disease, which poses a serious threat to human life, occurs every year. The risk of infection due to the contagiousness of the disease is high, so it makes sense to strengthen your own health, to take measures that will not give viruses a chance to easily enter the body. But for this you need to understand at least a little what the flu is, how the infection occurs, what dangers this disease carries, its symptoms. It is also important to know about the effectiveness of drugs such as Cycloferon, there is no more effective remedy against influenza and other respiratory diseases.

Cycloferon is actively used for the prevention of influenza and ARVI

No matter how hard scientists tried, they could not establish the exact date when humanity was first attacked by the influenza virus. But one thing is clear - this disease accompanies people from the very beginning. Moreover, the virus can penetrate into the body of animals, which causes the death of millions of individuals of birds, pigs, etc. As for people, at least 18 major epidemics of influenza were counted, the disease crossed not only the borders of countries, but also continents and oceans. Millions, tens of millions of people died, since there was no way to resist infection without a vaccine against flu and colds, cycloferon, and antiviral agents.

Even in the recent past, just 100 years ago - in the 1920s, as well as in 1957, a wave of influenza swept over certain regions again. The first is the notorious "Spanish woman", whose victims were about 20 million people in Asia, Europe, Scandinavia. The symptoms intensified in half a day, in a few hours the infected died, but if he managed to survive in the first days, then within 5-6, he died from complications. The second wave covered Far East in 1957 and it was called the Asian flu. The disease has killed 70,000 people in the United States alone. Then there were milder pandemics in 1969, 1978, but a little later a drug was created that synthesizes immunity against influenza, instructions for admission and adherence to the scheme will strengthen the body and survive infectious diseases.

How does influenza affect human health

Even if a person manages to curb the flu condition with victory, in any case, the disease takes away at least a year of his life. No matter how hard we try, the work of the infection creates terrible sensations, discomfort, poisons the body, burns its immunity with a high temperature, etc. Also, after an illness, there are irreversible processes, suffers from the cardiac, vascular, nervous, genitourinary, gastrointestinal systems, respiratory organs, hearing, brain, liver, kidneys. For this reason, you should not miss a single minute and visit a specialist at the first symptoms. And for prevention, an experienced immunologist will tell you how to use cycloferon for influenza in order to strengthen the immune system.

Influenza pathogens

The legendary Hippocrates was the first to write about the flu. The ancient doctor fully described the mechanism of the disease, the symptoms, and according to his data, the first known epidemic occurred at the end of the 16th century. The disease claimed a huge number of lives. It was possible to identify the causative agent of type A of an infectious disease only in the 30s of the 20th century by English scientists, and in the 33rd type B virus was isolated, in 47 type C.

Influenza viruses infect healthy cells in the body

• Type A- provokes a complex or moderate disease, can affect the body of both humans and animals. This type is the culprit of the largest pandemics.
• Type B causes local outbreaks, covering a maximum of several adjacent countries. Only affects human body, often for children.
• Type C- this classification, unfortunately, is poorly understood. It attacks only the human body, but the symptoms are mild, practically safe and have no complications.

Any kind of classification can be notified in advance. To do this, it is enough to consult a doctor and start taking cycloferon, the instructions for use for the prevention of influenza fully reflect the regimen and dose.

How the disease is transmitted

Infectious respiratory disease is easily transmitted through the air, sneezing, coughing, household way... During communication or when an infected person coughs, sneezes, infected microparticles of mucus and saliva fly out. The atmosphere surrounding the patient becomes infectious, and even with normal inhalation, viruses enter the human mucosa.

Important: the infected area never exceeds 3 meters, but in any case, virus particles tend to multiply in dry, stagnant air, which means they can take up more space.

Flu symptoms

It is impossible to immediately determine that a person is sick with the flu a few hours or a day after infection. The symptomatology is rather secretive. First, viruses penetrate the mucous membrane, then break through upper layer epithelium and are embedded in circulatory system person. This requires several days, then symptoms appear, the severity of which depends on the person's condition. If he has weak immunity, then a more complex form occurs. A low level of protective forces is possible due to:

• long-term, chronic diseases;
• bad habits - smoking, alcoholism;
• hypothermia.

Also, the symptoms depend on the type of illness in the infected person with whom the person was in contact.

• mild degree;
• moderate severity;
• heavy;
• hypertoxic degree.

Severity

At easy stage, the patient's temperature does not exceed 38 degrees or remains at the normal level, there is no pronounced symptomatology. In this situation, cycloferon for the prevention of influenza with an indication of the dosage in the instructions will be a very appropriate drug, thanks to which any complications can be avoided.

Moderate - high temperature, which can reach 39.5 degrees, the usual symptoms appear:

• myalgia - pain in joints, muscles;
• headache;
• weakness;
• dizziness;
• dry, unproductive cough;
• nasal congestion;
• runny nose;
• chest pain;
• dryness of the mucous membrane of the mouth, nose.

A runny nose may indicate moderate flu

Often, the disease is complemented by abdominal syndromes:

• nausea;
• vomit;
• diarrhea;
• cuts in the abdomen.

The severe form is accompanied by a high temperature of up to 40 degrees and higher, if convulsions occur, a rash of unknown etiology, vomiting, it is necessary to urgently call an ambulance.

Important: influenza is especially dangerous for young children who have not developed immunity and the elderly, who are already poorly formed protective functions... At the first signs of illness, you need to see a doctor, as symptoms can cause dangerous complications in a matter of hours.

Cycloferon for influenza

After the diagnosis of the disease by a specialist, it is provided adequate treatment... The course includes taking antiviral drugs, multivitamins, as well as following the usual measures. So let's start in order:

• Antiviral agents. Remantadin, Tamiflu, Relenza are prescribed as antivirals. To restore immune forces, stimulate a protective reaction, Viferon, Anaferon, created on the basis of human interferon, are used.

Important: Many people mistakenly believe that in case of flu, SARS, you need to immediately start taking antibiotics. This is wrong because given view drugs are prescribed to eliminate inflammatory processes: pneumonia, bronchitis, tracheitis, etc.

• Shown to drink plenty of warm liquid, including juices, milk, herbal decoctions, tea with lemon, honey, linden, chamomile, jelly, fruit drink.
• To increase resistance, it is necessary to take cycloferon with ARVI, but the dosage and dosage regimen should be prescribed only by an immunologist.
• Antipyretic. It is not worth bringing down the heat up to a temperature of 38.5. Thus, the body fights against colonies of viruses, if the mark grows, then it makes sense to take Paracetamol, Ibuprofen and call emergency help.
• To relieve puffiness, sedation, antihistamines or combination drugs: Gripex, Diazolin, Suprastin, etc.
• Analgesics have analgesic properties, combined means: Teraflu, Coldrex, Pharmacitron.
• Expectorant, thinning phlegm and activating exudation are bronchodilators: Bronholitin, Herbion, Bromhexin.

How to drink cycloferon with flu

This drug has passed many years of testing and has proven its effectiveness. There are different types: tablets, vaccines, belong to immunomodulatory, antiviral agents, and also effectively affect bacterial, viral diseases:

• herpes;
• AIDS, HIV;
• meningitis;
• hepatitis type B, C;
• flu, SARS;
• cytomegallovirus;
• Lyme syndrome;
• infectious bowel diseases.

Important: injections, pills for flu and colds Cycloferon is strictly forbidden to take without a doctor's prescription. By acting on the immune system, the drug can malfunction in the body and lead to more serious pathologies.

Cycloferon injections are even more effective than tablets

It is necessary to store the product at a temperature of 18 to 20 degrees, it is produced in blisters of 10 or bottles of 50 tablets. Each tablet contains 150 mg of active substance.

How to take Cycloferon tablets for influenza

There is a certain scheme for taking the drug. You need to start when the first symptoms of a respiratory disease occur: high temperature, myalgia, dizziness, weakness, sore throat.

Admission scheme for adults

1. On the 1st day, from 4 to 6 tablets are drunk, and at a time in morning time half an hour before meals, washed down with copious amounts water.
2. On the 2nd, 3rd, 4th day, take from 2 to 4 tablets, also, in the morning half an hour before meals, with an abundant amount warm water.
3. Further admission is provided in rare cases, but in any case, the course is agreed with the immunologist.

How to take cycloferon for prophylaxis in adults

To prevent respiratory diseases, it is not enough to use drugs stimulating resistance, immunity. It is necessary to get vaccinated, as well as:

• To lead healthy image life: swimming, jogging, walking more often in the open air;
• Eat healthy foods: fruits, vegetables, avoid smoked meats, fatty, spicy, sweet foods, baked goods.
• During epidemics, do not visit crowded places: discos, nightclubs, etc.

As a preventive measure, cycloferon is taken according to the following scheme: 1 time in the morning, half an hour before meals, drink 3 to 4 tablets at a time, washed down with water at room temperature.

Cycloferon for ARVI children

It is hardly worth reminding that such serious drugs as cycloferon must be coordinated with a specialized specialist, an immunologist. When treating respiratory diseases in a child, the remedy can be combined with antihistamines, antipyretics and other types of drugs.

The scheme of taking the drug for children with ARVI

Before 4 years of age, the medicine is contraindicated for prescription. Unlike adult dosage, at the age of four to 6 years, is assigned according to the 1st table. 1 per day;

at the age of 6 to 11 years - 2 tables;

from 11 to 16 years old - 3 tab. a day, drink plenty of warm water. Also, during the day, an abundant drink is indicated - at least 2 liters during the day.

Important: taking cycloferon for the prevention of ARVI for resistance cannot be combined with acidic drinks, juices.

Cycloferon acts like this

Flu Prevention - How To Take For Children

Thanks to cycloferon, it is possible to carry out effective prevention not only respiratory infectious, but also common colds. This is especially true for babies who have problems with the immune system and they get sick with ARVI more than 6-7 times a year, etc. To do this, you need to take the remedy for 1 tablet on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th day, complete the prophylactic course by taking 5 tablets within 72 hours.

This therapy is also provided in the following cases:

• in the presence of AIDS, HIV;
• radiation therapy;
• low level of immunity due to chronic or past diseases;
• due to taking medications that reduce the protective functions of the body;
• during the next wave of the epidemic as a prevention of influenza.

Who should not drink cycloferon - a contraindication

Everyone who has decided to strengthen their own immunity, the body's resistance, should know not only how to take cycloferon to prevent influenza in adults, but also its contraindications:

1. The presence of an allergic response of the body. If after taking nausea, swelling, rash, redness, stop taking it immediately and call an ambulance. Better yet, take under the supervision of a healthcare professional.
2. Pregnancy, breastfeeding.
3. Liver diseases - hepatitis, insufficiency, cirrhosis.

Also, taking cycloferon for influenza can cause side reactions:

Allergic reaction in the form of a rash, redness, itching, Quincke's edema, anaphylactic shock.

Important: if at least once after taking Cycloferon any type of allergic response occurs: rash, anaphylactic shock, Quincke's edema, urticaria, etc., the drug is prohibited forever.

Reception of cycloferon for ARVI and influenza - benefits

The effectiveness of the drug is not observed instantly. You need to understand that as it affects the body, an immune response is developed to the attack of viruses. Therefore, to the question: “ Cycloferon flu pills to take or not? ", The answer is unambiguous - in the absence of side effects and contraindications without fail.

You need to know that the action of Cycloferon is not instantaneous

The fact is that when taken, the degree of complications is already minimized, the risk of pneumonia, bronchitis, tracheitis, meningitis, encephalitis, etc. is reduced. The drug in the form of injections for influenza acts more quickly, also synthesizes immunity and helps to strengthen internal potential.

The use of cycloferon for the treatment and prevention of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections

The results of the use of a low-molecular-weight inducer of interferonogenesis - the drug cycloferon - for the treatment and prevention of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) and influenza in adults and children are presented. The use of cycloferon weakens the symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza, reduces the duration of the illness, corrects the imbalance in the activity of the shunny system, prevents the activation of bacterial infection, prevents the development of complications, and reduces the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza. The effectiveness of the use of cycloferon does not depend on the etiology of the disease.
Keywords: acute respiratory viral infections; flu; treatment; prevention; interferon inducers; cycloferon.

THE USE OF CYCLOFERON FOR THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF INFLUENZA AND ACUTE RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTIONS

Alimbarova L.M.
D.I. Ivanovsky Research Institute of Virology, Moscow, Russia

Results of the use ofcycloferon, a low molecular weight inducer of interferon production, for the treatment and prevention of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) in adults and children are presented. It was shown to reduce symptoms of these diseases and their duration, correct disbalanced activity of the immune system, prevent complications, decrease the frequency of influenza and ARVI. The effectiveness ofcycloferon did not depend on etiology of the disease.
Key words: acute respiratory viral infections; influenza; treatment; prevention interferon inducers; cycloferon.

Acute respiratory infections are one of the most significant medical and socio-economic problems.

Acute respiratory infections are a group of polyetiologic infectious diseases caused by more than 200 pathogens with a pronounced tropism to the epithelium of the respiratory tract mucosa, among which viruses play a leading role. In recent years, diseases caused by rhinoviruses (30-50%), parainfluenza viruses (16-18%), coronaviruses (15%), adenoviruses (10-16%), influenza viruses (5- 15%), viruses herpes simplex(2.1-16%), bokavirus -hBoV (1.5-8.2%).

Diseases caused by the respiratory syncytial virus - RSV (6.4%), metapneumovirus, enteroviruses (less than 5%), are much less common. Mixed infection caused by two or more respiratory viruses is detected in 33-52.2% of patients. The annual incidence of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) exceeds the total incidence of all other infections. In Russia, during the epidemic, about 27.3-41.2 million cases of ARVI are recorded.

High frequency ARVI is explained by the diversity etiological factors, ease of transmission ( airborne droplet), high contagiousness and variability of pathogens, instability of immunity after a disease.

V clinical picture separate ARVI prevails, as a rule, 2 syndromes: damage to various parts of the respiratory tract and intoxication. The defeat of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract can occur in the form of rhinitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, bronchitis, laryngotracheobronchitis and be accompanied by fever with chills, headache, reflex tachycardia. Intoxication can be expressed by weakness, malaise, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting. With influenza, a hemorrhagic rash and bleeding may occur, with adenovirus and a number of other infections, conjunctivitis often develops, and the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract is affected. The severity of the clinical manifestations of ARVI depends on the biological characteristics of the pathogen, as well as on age characteristics the patient, his premorbid background and varies from mild to extremely severe, requiring hospitalization. Along with the clinically pronounced manifestations of ARVI in recent times asymptomatic course of the disease is often recorded.

The atypical course of ARVI can lead to the development of protracted forms, the occurrence of severe bacterial complications, and the exacerbation of existing foci chronic infection and is typical for persons suffering from chronic inflammatory diseases against the background of dysfunction of the immune system.

Against the background of ARVI, patients may reactivate opportunistic viral infections caused by members of the family Herpesviridae, and activation of conditionally pathogenic bacterial flora, contributing to the development of complications.

The most common complications of ARVI are sinusitis, otitis media, pneumonia, bronchitis, bacterial mastoiditis, etc., the most severe are infectious toxic shock (ITS), respiratory distress syndrome in adults. TSS often develops with influenza complicated by a bacterial infection (for example, staphylococcal), and is manifested by acute cardiovascular failure, pulmonary edema, cerebral edema, disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Respiratory distress syndrome in adults develops in hypertoxic form of influenza in the first 2 days of illness. The main manifestations of this complication (pronounced shortness of breath, bloody sputum, abundant moist rales in the lungs, on the roentgenogram - focal and large-focus darkening of a round or irregular shape of an infiltrative nature, mainly in the lower and basal regions against a background of increased pulmonary pattern) are caused by increased vascular permeability, plethora vessels and perivascular edema.

In children, a complication of ARVI can be febrile seizures, neurotoxic syndrome, false croup, Reye's syndrome. False croup often occurs against the background of infection caused by the parainfluenza virus, less often against the background of infections caused by RSV, influenza virus, metapneumovirus, rhinos and adenoviruses, due to acute viral laryngotracheobronchitis with severe mucosal edema, which leads to airway obstruction. A serious complication of ARVI is Reye's syndrome, in which severe and rapidly progressive dysfunctions of the central nervous system and liver develop. The most severe and complicated forms of ARVI are observed in children under 4 years old, elderly people and old age, as well as in patients with chronic diseases of the respiratory system, cardiovascular system, metabolic disorders, etc.

In addition, SARS and influenza contribute to the exacerbation of chronic pulmonary diseases(bronchial asthma, Chronical bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), and also worsen the course of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Frequent development with influenza and in the immediate post-infectious period myocardial infarction, stroke and others severe complications due to damage to the vascular endothelium.

Diagnosis of ARVI is based on a set of clinical and epidemiological data, however, due to the similarity of clinical manifestations, it is rather difficult to diagnose ARVI only clinically, especially in the interepidemic period of influenza or with mixed infection. In this regard, it is necessary to conduct timely laboratory diagnostics to clarify the etiology of the disease. To identify the causative agents of acute respiratory viral infections, the method of direct immunofluorescence, the method of polymerase chain reaction, and express methods are widely used. The identification results, in turn, determine the choice of treatment tactics using etiotropic, pathogenetic or symptomatic agents.

Treatment of ARVI is carried out differentially, depending on the nosological form, the severity of the course of the disease, complications, the presence of concomitant diseases and the age of patients.

In 70-80% of patients, medication and hospitalization are not required. Indications for prescribing drugs or hospitalization are severe and complicated course of the disease, the presence of concomitant diseases. One of the important areas of treatment and prevention of ARVI is the use of etiotropic drugs. As for antibacterial drugs, they are prescribed only when complications arise and when heavy forms ah ARVI against the background of existing chronic foci of infection.

Currently, drugs for the treatment of ARVI and influenza are divided into 3 groups: etiotropic - ion channel blockers formed by the viral protein M2 (amantadine, remantadine, algirem), neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir), NP-protein inhibitor (Ingavirin), a hemagglutinin inhibitor (arbidol); interferon preparations; interferon inducers. When prescribing etiotropic drugs, preference is given to agents that selectively suppress the reproduction of viruses without significantly disrupting the vital activity of the cells of the macroorganism.

The use of etiotropic chemotherapy drugs has a number of limitations. Thus, the use of drugs of the adamantane series is limited due to their selective activity against the influenza A virus, the presence of a number of side effects (from the gastrointestinal tract and the nervous system), the emergence of resistant strains of the influenza A virus, as well as cross-resistance. Zanamivir and oseltamivir selectively suppress influenza viruses type A and B, without affecting the reproduction of other etiological agents of ARVI, have high cost, and their intake may be accompanied by side effects (irritation of the nasopharynx when using zanamivir and the appearance of nausea and vomiting when taking oseltamivir) and the appearance of strains of influenza A and B viruses with reduced sensitivity or resistant to them.

In addition, the use of neuraminidase inhibitors is limited in time - they are effective only in the first 24-48 hours from the onset of the disease. Despite the fact that etiotropic drugs are used, as a rule, for the treatment and prevention of influenza, many of them can be effective in ARVI of a different etiology.

Interferons (α, β, γ) are cytokines, have antiviral, immunoregulatory and antiproliferative effects, stimulate phagocytosis, NK cell activity, inhibit the activity of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor), and therefore have an anti-inflammatory effect. Under the influence of interferons, enzymes are synthesized in the cells of the body that inhibit the formation of viral proteins, break down viral RNAs, and thus inhibit the reproduction of viruses.

Due to these mechanisms of action, interferon and its inducers are among the most important pathogenetic methods of treating ARVI and influenza. Nevertheless, the use of interferons is accompanied by the development of a number of side effects that limit their use.

Interferon inducers are devoid of such disadvantages, the representatives of which are substances of different chemical nature of natural and / or synthetic origin. Having the basic properties of interferons, interferon inducers do not possess antigenicity and, even with a single administration, provide long-term circulation of synthesized cytokines at a therapeutic level. The synthesis of endogenous interferon stimulated by them is under the control of interleukins and repressor proteins and does not cause hyperinferonemia and the development of associated side effects.

The cost of treatment with interferon inducers is significantly lower than treatment with exogenous interferons, however, when prescribing interferon inducers, it should be borne in mind that in patients the response of the interferonogenesis system to their administration is individual and varies in strength and response time.

Among the inducers of interferons in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory viral infections and influenza, the synthetic low-molecular inducer of interferonogenesis cycloferon (LLC NTFF POLISAN) is widely used. Cycloferon (meglumine acridone acetate) is a derivative of acridineacetic acid, has a wide spectrum of biological activity: it has an immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antiviral effect, and is also effective against bacteria and protozoa. In accordance with International classification drugs, the drug belongs to the group of immunostimulating agents (ATX code - L03AX).

When introduced into the body, cycloferon induces the synthesis of early endogenous interferon type α / β. The main cells - producers of interferon after the introduction of cycloferon are macrophages, T- and B-lymphocytes. According to a number of authors, cycloferon gives a direct and indirect (through the production of interferon) immunotropic effect. Cycloferon activates T-lymphocytes and NK-cells, normalizes the balance between CD4 + and CD8 +, reduces the level of B-lymphocytes in peripheral blood, but increases the synthesis of high-affinity antibodies, as well as the synthesis and activity of interferon a. The drug increases the level of interferon in organs and tissues containing lymphoid elements: in the mucous membrane small intestine, spleen, liver, lungs, activates bone marrow stem cells, stimulating the formation of granulocytes, overcomes the blood-brain barrier. In addition, cycloferon activates phagocytosis, increases the sensitivity of neutrophils to other immunocorrectors and the expression of antigens. It is an inducer of mRNA synthesis for interferon-γ, interleukins 1, 2, 6, induces a mixed (Thl / Th2) type of immune response. Cycloferon can have a corrective effect in secondary immunodeficiency states, as well as increase nonspecific immunity, the body's resistance to a wide range of pathogens.

To the advantages of cycloferon over others synthetic drugs include low toxicity, rapid penetration into the blood, low level binding to serum proteins, high bioavailability in organs, tissues, biological fluids organism, lack of metabolic breakdown in the liver and accumulation in the body.

The drug is combined with symptomatic drugs, vaccines, chemotherapy drugs, interferon drugs, enhancing the effect of the latter and reducing the side effects from their use.

Preclinical studies have shown that cycloferon has antiviral activity against a wide range of ARVI pathogens, including orthomyxoviruses (influenza A and B viruses, as well as strains resistant to rimantadine, oseltamivir and other chemotherapy drugs, as well as viruses bird flu), paramyxoviruses, adenoviruses, coronaviruses, etc. The inhibitory effect of the drug on the reproduction of influenza viruses and other respiratory viruses manifests itself in the early stages (1-5 days) of infection.

In clinical multicenter randomized placebo-controlled trials, the pharmacotherapeutic efficacy and safety of cycloferon in the treatment of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections in adults and children, including in frequently ill patients with somatic diseases, chronic and recurrent viral and bacterial infections, in patients with secondary immunodeficiency states.

Cycloferon is prescribed at the first signs of ARVI and influenza. The regimen for prescribing the drug depends on the age of the patients, their premorbid background, and the severity of the disease. In the treatment of uncomplicated forms of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections, cycloferon is prescribed orally in tablets of 150 mg according to the following scheme: on the 1st day - 4 tablets at a time and 2 tablets on the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th days. In case of complicated forms of influenza and ARVI, cycloferon should be taken once, 4 tablets at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11 and 14 days against the background basic therapy... In patients with chronic diseases of the respiratory system (chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma), cardiovascular system ( ischemic disease heart, angina pectoris, hypertonic disease) the course of treatment can be continued after 8 days, 4 tablets 1 time per day on the 11th, 14th, 17th, 20th and 23rd days. In immunodeficiency states associated with chronic bacterial and fungal infections, the drug is administered orally in 4 tablets on the 1st, 2, 4, 6 and 8th days and 2 tablets on the 11th, 14th, 17th, 20th and 23rd days.

In the treatment of mild and uncomplicated forms of influenza and acute respiratory viral infections, cycloferon can be used in the form of a 12.5% ​​solution for injection parenterally (intramuscularly or intravenously); the duration of the course of treatment can be reduced (up to 5 injections).

When treating children aged 4 to 6 years, the drug is prescribed 1 tablet, from 7 to 12 years old - 2-3 tablets, over 12 years old - 3-4 tablets 1 time per day or parenterally (intramuscularly or intravenously) in a dose 6-10 mg per 1 kg of body weight 1 time per day for 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days of treatment. In severe cases, the duration of the course of treatment can be increased by 11, 14, 17, 20 and 23 days of treatment.

When using cycloferon in patients of different ages, including those with a burdened premorbid background, there is a significant decrease in the severity of the main symptoms (intoxication, fever, catarrhal phenomena, headache), as well as the duration of the disease (on average by 30-50%). A decrease and improvement in general well-being is accompanied by a significant improvement in immunological parameters: an increase in the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, monocytes and macrophage cells, an increase in the production of cytokines (endogenous interferon a) and a decrease in the level of tumor necrosis factor. Numerous observations have shown that the administration of the drug to patients, including those with chronic somatic diseases (bronchial asthma, coronary heart disease, leukemia), reduces the risk of developing post-influenza complications (sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia) by 3.5-9.7 times. When the drug was prescribed to 522 patients with a moderate form of influenza, complications in the form of pneumonia were noted in only 2.2% of cases, while in patients receiving symptomatic therapy, complications in the form of pneumonia, bronchitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis were recorded in 21 , 4% of observations.

The use of cycloferon in children with frequent acute respiratory viral infections, regardless of age, led to a 2.5-fold decrease in the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections and an average decrease of 2.3 days in the duration of one respiratory episode against the background of a significant decrease in the manifestations of lymphadenopathy, asthenia and intoxication.

The use of the drug in frequently ill children school age reduced the incidence of bronchitis by 1.4 times, and completely prevented the development of complications in preschool children. In addition, after using the drug for a year in 80% of children, normal microflora was inoculated from the mucous membranes of the pharynx and nose during inoculation. After treatment with cycloferon, the normalization of indicators of relative and absolute content CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 +, interleukin 1B in the blood serum, an increase in the content of CD22 +, an increase in the concentration of immunoglobulins of classes M and G and a decrease in the content of immunoglobulins of class A.

According to a number of authors, the effectiveness of the use of cycloferon in children and adults ranges from 60 to 85%, regardless of the strain of the influenza virus that caused the epidemic. In addition, addiction and resistance do not develop to cycloferon.

The appointment of cycloferon in patients with acute respiratory viral infections and influenza in combination with standard symptomatic remedies enhances their effectiveness, allows the use of lower doses of drugs and reduces the likelihood of side effects, leads to a decrease in the duration of the acute period, including symptoms of fever, headache, cough, rhinitis.

According to the results of the studies, cycloferon was included in the Federal Standard for the Treatment of Patients with Influenza, including Influenza Identified as Avian Influenza (Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia No. 460 of 07.06.2006), as well as in the List of Vital and Essential Medicines (Order of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 376-r dated March 29, 2007).

It should be noted that cycloferon is safe under doping control and can be used in the training cycle for athletes (Expert opinion of the anti-doping center No. S346S dated December 27, 2007).

To reduce the frequency and severity of symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza, as well as to prevent complications in patients at risk (preschool children; schoolchildren; patients over 60 years old; patients with chronic somatic diseases, often suffering from acute respiratory diseases; medical and educational institutions, the service sector, transport, etc.), it is extremely important to carry out preventive measures. The most effective method of preventing infections is vaccination, however, for a number of ARVI pathogens, it is limited and is carried out only against influenza, hemophilic and pneumococcal infections.

Currently, WHO has recommended emergency nonspecific and seasonal prevention of ARVI and influenza. Emergency prophylaxis is indicated during an influenza epidemic for people in contact with patients in the family (intrafocal prophylaxis) or in a team (extrafocal prophylaxis) and provides for the use of drugs of immediate action on infectious agents, such as antiviral chemotherapy drugs, interferons, fast-acting interferon inducers.

The duration of intralesional prophylaxis ranges from 2 days upon termination of contact with the source of infection to 5-7 days or more, if the patient is not isolated and contact with him is not terminated. Extrafocal or planned prophylaxis is carried out during the period of an epidemic rise in the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections or an epidemic of influenza in collectives or among people who have not been vaccinated against influenza. The duration of extrafocal prophylaxis is 2-6 weeks or more. Emergency prophylaxis against influenza is especially indicated for patients at risk who are at high risk of developing complications and adverse outcomes diseases. Seasonal prevention involves the use of drugs immunotropic action stimulating the nonspecific activity of the body.

Very promising and effective drug for emergency prevention of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza in adults and children is cycloferon. The effectiveness of using the drug in organized groups during the period of an increased rise in the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza has been proven in the framework of multicenter randomized controlled post-marketing studies, including clinical and epidemiological studies with the participation of 22,510 people.

For the prevention of acute respiratory viral infections or influenza, cycloferon is prescribed orally, 2-4 tablets per reception on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th days; in patients with reduced immune protection - 2 tablets per reception on the 1,2,4,6,8,11,14, 17,20 and 23rd days. For children, cycloferon is prescribed in an age dosage: at the age of 4 to 6 years, 0.15 g (1 tablet), from 7 to 11 years, 0.3-0.45 g (2-3 tablets), over 12 years old, 0 , 45-0.6 g (3-4 tablets) for admission on the 1st, 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20 and 23 days.

If necessary, the prophylactic course is repeated 1 month after the end of the first course. For the planned prevention of influenza and ARVI, parenteral administration of cycloferon is possible during the period of increasing incidence.

It was found that cycloferon in tablet form during the period of an unstable epidemic situation reduces the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections by 2.4 -4.9 times (from 206.9 to 85.6% o), and when a disease occurs, it changes the severity of the infectious process towards the prevalence mild forms of the disease and the absence of severe forms. The index of the effectiveness of the drug is 2.9 -4.9; security index - 62.8 - 79.8% (materials multicenter studies). Complicated forms are observed in 1.5% of patients who received cycloferon, and in 10.5% of patients who did not receive the drug.

For the purpose of emergency prevention of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza, the drug is recommended medical staff in hospitals, as well as people at risk. The results of using cycloferon (in tablets) with preventive purpose during the 2009-2010 epidemic. among medical workers (age from 25 to 47 years) of the Belgorod Regional Infectious Diseases Hospital, who were constantly in contact with patients with influenza and SARS, showed that out of 68 people who were under observation for 8 weeks, only 16 (23.5%) fell ill ... The use of cycloferon in the conscripts of the first 6 months of service at the age of 18 to 19 led to a decrease in their incidence by 2.26 times compared with the control group. When using cycloferon for employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations according to the scheme: on the 1st day - 600 mg, then 300 mg (2 tablets) on the 2, 4, 6, 8,11, 14, 17 and 20 days and 600 mg weekly the remaining 8 months, 17% of employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations fell ill, while in the comparison group - 50%. Prophylactic use of cycloferon in patients with bronchial asthma reduced the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections in 71% of patients.

The results of the use of cycloferon (in tablets) for the purpose of emergency prophylaxis in children in organized groups turned out to be interesting. Studies carried out in children aged 10 to 16 years in the autumn-winter period of 2001-2002 showed the feasibility of prophylactic administration of cycloferon. The prophylactic course of taking the drug made it possible to reduce the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza in the main group by 2.9 times compared with the indicator in the control group. Of 9299 children who received cycloferon, only 3.9% fell ill, while in the control group - 11.5% of 6852 children. The security indicator was 58.3%. In another study, conducted in children aged 7 to 10 years in the winter of 2002-2003, it was shown that out of 524 children who received cycloferon, 5.5% fell ill, while in the control group of children who did not receive no drugs - 39.3% of 731 children. The efficiency index was 7.1.

The drug was well tolerated, no side effects were reported. The positive results obtained allowed FGU "TsGSEN" in Moscow and the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare to recommend cycloferon as an emergency non-specific prophylaxis acute respiratory diseases and influenza during the period of an increased rise in respiratory morbidity in children and adolescents (orders No. 17 / 22-213 of 18.08.2003, No. 0100 / 7156-05-23 of 02.09.2005).

Studies carried out in children have also shown the advantages of prophylactic administration of the drug in comparison with symptomatic drugs. So, in the group of children receiving cycloferon, 4 out of 51 children fell ill, while in the group of children receiving symptomatic therapy - 41 out of 49 children. The efficiency index was 10.7, the protection index was 91%. In the comparison group in children who received adaptogen - aralia tincture for 10 days, the efficiency index and the protection index were 1.1 and 8.3%, respectively. Analysis of the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections in children receiving cycloferon and in children receiving multivitamins (revit) showed that mild forms were observed in 83.3% of children receiving cycloferon, and only in 35.3% of children receiving revit. Severe and complicated forms of ARVI were not observed in children receiving cycloferon, while in children receiving revit, these forms were recorded in 13.3 and 26.7% of cases. The efficiency index was 2.9 ± 0.3 (2.4-3.4), the security index was 62.8 ± 0.4 (58.5-67.1). Cycloferon made it possible to reduce the duration of temporary disability of parents associated with caring for children to 4.8 days compared to 7.0 days in the control group.

In conclusion, it should be emphasized that many years of experience The use of cycloferon showed that this drug has a pathogenetically mediated mechanism of action and gives a pronounced therapeutic effect. The drug weakens the symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza, reduces the duration of the illness, corrects the imbalance in the activity of the immune system, prevents the activation of bacterial infection, and prevents the development of complications.

The inclusion of the drug in complex therapy SARS and influenza can reduce the need to prescribe other drugs and reduce the drug load on the body. Cycloferon has a good safety and tolerability profile and can be used both for the treatment and prevention of acute respiratory viral infections and influenza during the period of seasonal and epidemic rise in the incidence in adults and children.

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