An abscess after an injection given either intramuscularly or subcutaneously, unfortunately, is far from uncommon. You should not try to get rid of this post-injection complication on your own; you should definitely consult a doctor.
Many people experience complications after injections. The easiest thing possible is a hematoma, a slight hemorrhage. It occurs due to the needle getting into blood vessel, or when the medicine is administered too quickly. Without having time to spread into the tissues, it compresses nearby small vessels, which can cause them to burst. A hematoma is not dangerous to the patient’s health and can only be an inconvenience from an aesthetic point of view. It does not require any special treatment, but you can try rubbing ointment - Troxevasin or heparin - into the bruise so that it dissolves faster.
Often after injections, an infiltrate occurs, which is a compaction at the injection site. It usually appears in cases where during the manipulation the rules of asepsis were violated or an inappropriate needle was used (for example, a short needle intended for subcutaneous injections was used to inject the medicine intramuscularly). In earlier times, when injections were made with reusable syringes, this complication occurred much more often, as the needles became dull over time. With the advent of disposable syringes, their frequency has decreased significantly. In addition to the reasons listed, infiltration can occur due to the wrong choice of injection site or as a result of multiple injections during a long course of treatment.
You can get rid of the infiltrate with the help of both medications and folk remedies. Good effect give camphor oil, dimexide. Dimexide must be diluted with water (1:3). From folk remedies you can use cabbage leaf, aloe leaf cut in half and cleared of thorns, baked onion. These products, like compresses, are usually applied to the seal overnight. An iodine “mesh” also helps many: it needs to be “drawn” on the buttock 3-4 times a day. With successful and timely treatment, the infiltrate usually resolves within a few weeks, but if a formation forms at the injection site painful lump accompanied by hyperemia (redness), you should never self-medicate! Such inflammation after an injection requires consultation with a surgeon, since an abscess may occur in its place.
An abscess after an injection, the treatment of which should be trusted only to specialists, is one of the most dangerous post-injection complications. The injection site becomes hot and when pressing on it, pain is felt, sometimes quite severe. As a rule, in this case there was a violation of sterility: an abscess after an injection appears due to the penetration of pyogenic microorganisms into the tissue. The sooner the patient contacts a specialist, the better: in most cases modern drugs allow you to overcome such inflammation by initial stage. Before consulting a doctor, you should not apply any procedures (cold, heat) yourself; you should not massage the painful area or rub it into it. medicines- all these measures can lead to the spread of the abscess.
An abscess after an injection is dangerous, first of all, because of its complications: the patient’s temperature rises, in the most severe cases Sepsis may occur. The course of the disease depends, first of all, on the time of treatment. medical care, as well as from general condition body: with reduced immunity, abscesses of any nature are more severe. Determine how exactly to treat an abscess after an injection in of this patient, only a surgeon can, based on visual examination data and the general condition of the patient.
Before the onset of purulent tissue melting in post-injection abscesses, it is usually prescribed conservative treatment: physiotherapy (UHF), taking antibiotics. In complicated cases, surgery is indicated - opening the abscess under local anesthesia. Then a course of treatment is carried out using anti-inflammatory and painkillers, and daily dressings. After cleansing the wound of pus, ointments and gels are used to promote tissue healing (Solcoseryl, Curiosin, Bepanten). Provided you contact a specialist in a timely manner, a post-injection abscess can be cured quickly and without complications.
Complications may occur after any type of injection. The cause may be an incorrectly placed injection, poor hygiene during the procedure, or individual intolerance of the body. How to prevent complications after an injection? We will describe in detail what should be done at the first signs of injection complications in this article.
Complications with intramuscular injection
Complications with an intramuscular injection are more common than after subcutaneous injection. The main complications include the following:
- An abscess is an accumulation of pus in muscle tissue.
- Infiltration - formation of compaction.
- Redness, burning and other skin reactions.
The patient may develop a fever and general malaise. These may be signs of sepsis.
Stand out possible reasons for which complications arise after intramuscular injection:
- The injection was made with a needle that was too short and the medication got under the skin and not intramuscularly.
- The syringe or hands were not sterile enough, and bacteria entered the muscle.
- The medicine was administered too quickly.
- The medicine was made for a long time. As a result, a compaction appeared.
- An allergic reaction of the body to a medication.
If a patient develops a lump after an intramuscular injection and the muscle hurts, you can try to alleviate the condition with ointments: Traxevasin, Traxerutin. At night, you can make a mesh with iodine or lotions with alcohol. ethnoscience recommends applying cakes made from honey and flour. To do this, honey is mixed with flour and a small cake is made. It is applied to the sore muscle and covered with film overnight.
An abscess can be cured using compresses with ointments: Vishnevsky or Heparin. But if there is an increase in temperature, it is better to consult a doctor. The fact is that an abscess can rupture inside the muscle and infection will occur. In difficult cases, surgery may be necessary.
If redness appears, you should consult an allergist or your doctor. The drug that is being administered most likely causes an allergy. It is necessary to change the medication to a less allergenic analogue.
Complications after a subcutaneous injection
Subcutaneous injection rarely causes complications. The fact is that mistakes are made less often during subcutaneous administration.
From possible complications stand out:
- Allergic reactions at the injection site.
- Formation of ulcers.
- Air embolism is when air gets under the skin.
- Formation of a hematoma at the site of needle insertion.
- Lipodystrophy is the formation of pits under the skin. Associated with the breakdown of fat due to frequent administration of a drug, for example, insulin.
Complications may have the following causes:
- Misadministration of the wrong drug.
- Air getting into the syringe along with the medicine.
- Getting bacteria under the skin.
- Using a blunt needle to prick.
If any of the complications arise, you need to contact a specialist. You may need surgical intervention or a change in medication.
When an abscess forms, you should not lubricate the lesion with iodine or brilliant green. It will be difficult for the doctor to see sore spot and determine the cause.
Complications after an injection into a vein
Intravenous injections are given in the hospital; they are rarely given at home. Complications with correctly placed intravenous injection occur sporadically.
Possible ones include:
- Thrombophlebitis - damage to the vessel and inflammation of the vein, the formation of a blood clot.
- Oil embolism - an oil-based composition was accidentally injected into a vein. Together with the blood, it enters the vessels of the lungs and the patient suffocates. In 90% it ends in death.
First aid can only be provided within the walls of the hospital, since mistakes when injecting into a vein are dangerous.
It's easier to prevent than to cure
You can prevent complications after intramuscular or subcutaneous injection in simple ways:
- Do intramuscular injection You can only use a needle from a syringe for 5 or more cubes. The needle from a two-cc syringe is suitable for subcutaneous administration of the drug.
- All injections are made with a sharp needle. If it is necessary to draw the drug into a syringe from a vial with a rubber cap, then the puncture is carried out with a separate needle.
- Before injection, shake the syringe and release any air bubbles. Release some of the medication through the needle; there may also be air there.
- The procedure is performed only under sterile conditions. The needle insertion site is pre-treated with spit.
- For injections, it is better to use disposable syringes.
- Before any injections, the doctor must do a test for the prescribed drug.
Among the most terrible complications are infections with HIV, hepatitis or sepsis. The video explains which medications and where to administer them correctly to avoid mistakes.
Infiltration is the most common complication after subcutaneous and intramuscular injections. Most often, infiltration occurs if the injection is performed with a blunt needle or a short needle intended for intradermal or subcutaneous injections is used for intramuscular injection. Inaccurate choice of injection site, frequent injections into the same place, violation of aseptic rules are also the cause of infiltrates.
Abscess is purulent inflammation soft tissues with the formation of a cavity filled with pus. The reasons for the formation of abscesses are the same as for infiltrates. In this case, infection of soft tissues occurs as a result of violation of asepsis rules.
Drug embolism can occur when oil solutions are injected subcutaneously or intramuscularly (oil solutions are not administered intravenously!) and the needle enters the vessel. Oil, once in the artery, will clog it, and this will lead to disruption of the nutrition of the surrounding tissues and their necrosis. Signs of necrosis include increasing pain in the injection area, swelling, redness or red-bluish discoloration of the skin, increased local and general temperature. If the oil ends up in a vein, it will enter the pulmonary vessels through the bloodstream. Symptoms of pulmonary embolism: a sudden attack of suffocation, cough, blue discoloration of the upper half of the body (cyanosis), a feeling of tightness in the chest.
Air embolism during intravenous injections is the same dangerous complication as oil embolism. The signs of embolism are the same, but they appear very quickly, within a minute.
Damage to nerve trunks can occur during intramuscular and intravenous injections, either mechanically (if the injection site is chosen incorrectly) or chemically when the drug depot is located next to the nerve, as well as when the vessel supplying the nerve is blocked. The severity of the complication ranges from neuritis to limb paralysis.
Thrombophlebitis - inflammation of a vein with the formation of a blood clot in it - is observed with frequent venipuncture of the same veins or with the use of blunt needles. Signs of thrombophlebitis are pain, skin hyperemia and the formation of infiltrate along the vein. The temperature may be low-grade.
Tissue necrosis can develop when a vein puncture is unsuccessful and a significant amount of an irritating agent is mistakenly introduced under the skin. Ingress of drugs along the course of venipuncture is possible due to piercing the vein “through and through” or not entering the vein initially. Most often this happens with inept intravenous administration of 10% calcium chloride solution. If the solution does get under the skin, you should immediately apply a tourniquet above the injection site, then inject 0.9% into and around the injection site. sodium solution chloride, only 50-80 ml (will reduce the concentration of the drug).
A hematoma can also occur during inept vein puncture: a purple spot appears under the skin because the needle has pierced both walls of the vein and blood has penetrated into the tissue. In this case, the vein puncture should be stopped and pressed for several minutes with cotton wool and alcohol. In this case, the necessary intravenous injection is given into another vein, and a local warming compress is placed on the area of the hematoma.
Allergic reactions to the administration of a drug by injection can occur in the form of urticaria, acute runny nose, acute conjunctivitis, Quincke's edema, and often occur 20-30 minutes after administration of the drug.
Anaphylactic shock develops within a few seconds or minutes from the moment the drug is administered. The faster the shock develops, the worse the prognosis. The main symptoms of anaphylactic shock are a feeling of heat in the body, a feeling of tightness in the chest, suffocation, dizziness, headache, anxiety, severe weakness, decreased blood pressure, disorders heart rate. In severe cases, these signs are accompanied by symptoms of coma, and death can occur a few minutes after the first symptoms of anaphylactic shock appear. Therapeutic measures in case of anaphylactic shock, they should be carried out immediately upon detection of a feeling of heat in the body.
Long-term complications that occur after 2-4 months. after injection, are viral hepatitis B, D, C, as well as HIV infection.
Parenteral hepatitis viruses are found in significant concentrations in blood and semen; are found in lower concentrations in saliva, urine, bile and other secretions, both in patients suffering from hepatitis and in healthy virus carriers. The method of transmission of the virus can be blood transfusions and blood substitutes, therapeutic and diagnostic procedures in which the skin and mucous membranes are damaged. In first place among the methods of transmission of viral hepatitis B are needle pricks or injuries with sharp instruments. Moreover, these cases are usually caused by careless attitude towards used needles and their reuse. Transmission of the pathogen can also occur through the hands of the person performing the manipulation and having bleeding warts and other hand diseases accompanied by exudative manifestations.
The high probability of infection is due to:
high resistance of the virus in the external environment;
duration incubation period(6 months or more);
a large number of asymptomatic carriers.
In order to protect yourself from HIV infection, each patient should be considered as a potential HIV-infected person, since even a negative result of testing the patient's blood serum for the presence of antibodies to HIV may be a false negative. This is explained by the fact that there is an asymptomatic period of 3 weeks. up to 6 months, during which antibodies in the blood serum of an HIV-infected person are not detected.
Treatment procedures for post-injection complications
Compress is a therapeutic multi-layer bandage that causes dilation of blood vessels and increases blood circulation in tissues (painkiller and absorbable effect). It is used for local inflammatory processes on the skin, in the subcutaneous fat layer, joints, middle ear, and in places of bruises. Contraindications to the application of compresses are fever, skin lesions, allergic or pustular rashes, skin lubricated with iodine (possible burns). To apply a compress, you need compress paper, cotton wool, a bandage, 45% ethyl alcohol (salicylic or camphor), scissors.
Compress application technique:
treat hands;
examine the skin at the site of application of the compress;
prepare a three-layer compress: the wet layer consists of 6-8 layers of gauze, the insulating layer contains compress paper or polyethylene, the insulating layer contains cotton wool 2-3 cm thick. The last layer overlaps all previous layers by 1.5-2.0 cm;
dilute alcohol with water;
warm up medicinal solution in a container with water 38-39 ° C;
soak gauze in the solution;
easily wring out the gauze;
apply a compress to the desired area of the body;
fix the compress with a bandage for 6-8 hours;
check that the compress is applied correctly after 1.5-2 hours (the gauze under the compress should be damp).
Warmer- dry heat causes reflex relaxation of smooth muscles, increased blood supply to internal organs, and has an analgesic and absorbable effect. The use of a heating pad is contraindicated for skin injuries, bleeding, infectious wounds, vague abdominal pain, acute inflammatory processes in the abdominal cavity, in the first day after a bruise, and for malignant neoplasms of any age.
Technique for applying a heating pad:
fill the heating pad hot water(60-70 °C) by 1/2 or 2/3 of the volume;
displace the air from the heating pad by pressing it with your hand at the neck;
tightly seal the heating pad with a stopper;
check the tightness of the heating pad (turn the heating pad upside down);
wrap the heating pad in a towel or diaper;
apply a heating pad to the desired area of the body (if the use is long-term, then every 20 minutes you should take a 15-20-minute break).
Ice pack- cold causes a narrowing of the blood vessels of the skin, reducing the sensitivity of nerve receptors. Cold is indicated for bleeding, acute inflammatory processes in the abdominal cavity, bruises (on the first day), severe fever, and in the postoperative period. It is forbidden to freeze a bladder filled with water in the freezer, since the surface of the resulting ice conglomerate is very large, which can lead to hypothermia of the body area, and sometimes frostbite.
To use an ice pack you need:
place the lump ice in the diaper and break it into small pieces (1-2 cm in size) with a wooden mallet;
fill the bubble with ice to 1/2 of its volume and add cold (14-16 °C) water to 2/3 of its volume;
displace the air from the bubble by pressing your hand, placing it on a hard surface (free space is provided for the water formed during the melting of the ice);
Close the bubble tightly with the lid and, turning the stopper down, check it for leaks;
wrap the bubble in a diaper and place it on the desired area of the body for 20 minutes;
the bubble can be held long time, but every 20 minutes you need to take a break for 10-15 minutes (as the ice melts, the water can be drained and pieces of ice added).
Human skin consists of the epidermis, dermis and a third layer - consisting of fat cells. It acts as a thermostat and protects against shock internal organs. Inflammation subcutaneous tissue- a phenomenon that occurs quite often and brings a lot of trouble to a sick person.
Inflammatory processes with the accumulation of pus in the subcutaneous tissue are presented in several forms. In all pathologies, the most common pathogen is staphylococcus. Infection develops when the integrity of the skin and general immune resistance of the whole organism. The accumulation of a large number of bacteria also leads to the onset of the disease.
Boils and furunculosis
Inflammation of the hair follicle and the tissues located next to it, accompanied by a purulent process, is called furunculosis. The disease develops as a result of injury to the skin - the appearance of cracks and abrasions, and also as a complication of diabetes mellitus, after severe hypothermia, and with vitamin deficiency.
At the beginning of the disease, an inflammatory infiltrate forms under the skin in the area of the hair follicle, which to the touch resembles a small nodule. The area above it hurts and swells, acquiring a red tint. As the infiltrate matures, tissue necrosis begins. After 3–5 days, the necrotic skin becomes so thin that the contents of the boil come out with fragments of hair. The wound is cleared of pus and gradually heals. A light scar remains in its place.
Depending on the location, a boil (or several at once in case of furunculosis) can cause a serious deterioration in the general condition. For example, purulent infiltrates that appear on the face in the area of the nasolabial triangle, near the eyes, often cause inflammation meninges, . These diseases occur with high fever (up to 40 degrees), severe swelling, and hypertonicity of the neck muscles.
Phlegmon
Cellulitis is a diffuse inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue caused by pyogenic microorganisms that enter through wounds (streptococci, staphylococci, E. coli and others). The disease manifests itself in the form of suppuration that does not have a capsule. Because of this, the process spreads very quickly.
The main complaints of people with phlegmon are a sharp increase in temperature to 39–40 degrees, chills, and growing swelling in the affected area. During palpation, pain is felt. At first, the infiltrate is felt under the fingers, but later it “spreads.”
Experts distinguish three types of phlegmon:
- serous;
- purulent;
- putrid.
Surgical methods are used to treat purulent and putrefactive phlegmon. If the process occurs in a serous form, then the most effective conservative methods therapy.
Carbuncle
Carbuncle is an inflammation of the subcutaneous fat, in which several are simultaneously affected by the infection. hair follicles, located nearby. The cause of suppuration is streptococcal or staphylococcal infection.
A large infiltrate formed in the thickness of the skin makes itself felt with the following symptoms:
- feeling as if the pain is bursting from the inside;
- the skin becomes tense;
- the inflamed area is painful to touch.
Most often, carbuncles appear on the face and back of the body - buttocks, lower back, shoulder blades and neck. In the place where it develops inflammatory process, the skin takes on a bluish tint, becomes hot and very painful. Symptoms of general intoxication appear - heat, vomiting, dizziness, sometimes leading to loss of consciousness. 
After ripening and necrotization of the tissue, the carbuncle is cleared of pus. The surface of the skin in the inflamed area becomes covered with funnels with holes, and later with wounds with loose edges.
Treatment of a carbuncle is carried out by opening and draining the abscess. After the operation, dressings are done twice a day, while sanitizing the wound. A course of antibiotic therapy and drugs to relieve intoxication and pain are prescribed. IN mandatory general strengthening drugs are used.
Abscess
An abscess is also called an abscess of the subcutaneous tissue, in which the tissue becomes necrotic, and in its place a cavity filled with pus is formed. A process develops under the skin due to infection - streptococci, staphylococci, coli and others pathogenic microorganisms, causing atypical course diseases. An abscess has a membrane that separates the infected tissue from the healthy tissue.
A purulent accumulation that develops in adipose tissue or other tissue can have many manifestations. If it is localized under the skin, the symptoms are usually as follows;
- redness of the inflamed area;
- pain during palpation;
- increase in body temperature up to 41 degrees;
- lack of appetite.
Abscess is a disease that can be treated surgical methods- open and closed. In the first case, the doctor makes a small incision in the skin, through which a tube is inserted to drain pus and wash the inflamed area of subcutaneous fat. In the second, the abscess is completely opened, drains are inserted, then dressings and sanitation of the operated area are performed daily. In severe cases, when the abscess threatens to develop into sepsis, antibiotics and detoxification agents are used.
Erysipelas
Erysipelas is a skin disease caused by beta-hemolytic streptococci. The development of infection is promoted by:
- skin injury;
- diabetes mellitus and other diseases that cause vascular fragility;
- prolonged exposure to dust, soot, chemical substances on the skin;
- decline immune defense body;
- chronic diseases;
- vitamin deficiency.
Erysipelas appears within a day after infection. Itching and burning of the skin begins in the affected areas, and inflammation quickly spreads throughout the body. Other symptoms appear during the day:
- the temperature reaches 40 degrees;
- muscle aches and headache appear;
- severe fever accompanied by nausea and vomiting;
- the skin becomes extremely painful and turns red.
Areas of inflammation become covered with blisters filled with ichor or pus, which then turn into pustules. The edges of the affected area have a characteristic shape resembling tongues of fire.
Treatment is carried out in outpatient setting. Antibiotics are used and must be taken for 7 to 10 days. The therapist or surgeon also prescribes anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs. To relieve intoxication it is recommended to use a large number of liquids. 
Inflammation of subcutaneous fat tissue
Inflammatory processes developing in adipose tissue are called panniculitis by experts. The pathology is associated with changes in the structure of the partitions between cells or affecting the lobules of subcutaneous tissue.
Gynoid lipodystrophy, better known as cellulite, is associated with structural changes in adipose tissue, which lead to a significant deterioration in blood microcirculation and lymph stagnation. Not all doctors consider cellulite a disease, but insist on calling it a cosmetic defect.
Cellulite most often appears in women due to hormonal imbalances happening on different stages life - in adolescence, during pregnancy. Sometimes it can be caused by taking hormonal contraceptives. Hereditary factors and dietary habits play a major role.
Depending on the stage, cellulite manifests itself in different ways:
- fluid stagnates in adipose tissue;
- blood and lymph circulation worsens, collagen fibers between cells harden;
- small nodules form that give the skin the appearance of an orange peel;
- The number of nodules increases, and they become painful when touched.
At the third and fourth stages, cellulite begins not only to spoil appearance, but also causes physical anxiety. The skin takes on a bluish tint, depressions form on it, and the temperature changes. Also weakened muscle, nerve endings suffer. Due to compression, large vessels (especially the veins in the legs) are compressed, which leads to the appearance of varicose veins, and smaller ones located under the skin - a mesh of capillaries appears on its surface.
Subcutaneous inflammation - lipodystrophy of adipose tissue is treated comprehensively. To achieve success, you need to eat right, take multivitamins, and antioxidants. An important component of therapy is active movement and sports.
Experts recommend a course of procedures that improve lymph and blood circulation - massage, bioresonance stimulation, magnetic and pressure therapy, special wraps. The size of fat cells decreases after the use of ultraphonophoresis, electrolipolysis, ultrasound and mesotherapy. Special anti-cellulite creams are used.
Hello.
The publication will be about post-injection abscesses and infiltrates. If this topic is interesting to you, then be sure to read to the end. The article is long, please be patient.
Have you had any injections? Yes, yes, injections in the buttock, in the shoulder, under the shoulder blade, intravenous. I think everyone did. Did you have any complications after these injections in the form of “bumps”, lumps, ulcers?
I suppose they did. Not everyone, of course, but this has happened to some.
And how did you fight this illness? Yes, who knows, I guess. Is not it? Whoever advised what, did it.
If you don't mind, then let's talk about this topic. We will take specific complications after an injection (injection) and analyze them from a practical point of view.
Let's talk about how to try to prevent these complications, and if they arise, how to treat them correctly.
How to give an injection correctly
As a rule, injections are carried out in clinics, hospitals, and at home. The main ones are intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous.
Intradermal injections are usually carried out to test the tolerance (or intolerance) of a certain drug (for example, an antibiotic, a vaccine, etc.). I have not encountered any complications after them (although they probably happen). Therefore, I won’t talk about it.
Here we should not confuse the true complication after an injection from various reactions organism, which manifest themselves in the form of various allergic reactions– redness, blistering, itchy skin, an increase in temperature and even the formation of an infiltrate at the injection site within 24 hours after the injection. These reactions stop (pass) after taking antihistamines such as diphenhydramine, suprastin, tavegil, etc.
Subcutaneous injections (injections) are usually given in the middle and upper third of the shoulder, under the shoulder blade, and under the skin of the abdomen.
The drug is injected directly into the subcutaneous fat. The injection is made with a sterile syringe; the length of the needle ranges from 1.5 to 4-5 cm.
Not all drugs can be administered subcutaneously, but only those that are permitted by the instructions for use of this medicine. Therefore, read it (the instructions) carefully.
Places for intramuscular injections are: the upper outer quadrants of the gluteal regions, the shoulder - the deltoid muscle area, the anterior outer surface of the thighs (usually in the upper and middle third). The needle for injection (injection) must be at least 5 cm long. This is especially true for overweight people. It is advisable to administer the drug slowly.
Intravenous medications are given that are permitted by the instructions. The medicine must be administered slowly unless circumstances require it.
Injection sites
The injection sites are the area of the elbow fossa, sometimes the dorsum of the hand, and even – don’t be surprised – the dorsum of the feet.
In cases where they just can’t find a vein, a doctor under local anesthesia catheterization of the subclavian vein is performed. The catheter is sutured to the skin.
In some patients, especially those with deformity chest and spine, the doctor is unable to place a catheter in subclavian vein. What to do then?
There is another way, this is venesection. What it is? This is a mini operation that is performed in the cubital fossa. In this area, a skin incision is made and a vein is identified in the subcutaneous fat layer, incised, and a polyvinyl chloride catheter is inserted into its lumen. The skin is sutured.
Recently, the method of staging has become “fashionable”. peripheral catheter, i.e., a soft catheter is inserted into the vein, which is fixed to the skin with an adhesive tape. The advantage of this method is that you do not need to make injections into a vein multiple times each time; they are given into a catheter. Another advantage this method is that the patient can bend his arm at the elbow without fear that something wrong will happen.
Frequent trauma to a vein with a needle can cause complications, which we will discuss below.
Preparing for the injection
So, you have been prescribed injections. Many people believe that anyone can get an injection, especially into a muscle. In principle, yes, but it will still be better if you give an injection medical worker(preferably with work experience).
What is needed for that? The skin at the injection site should be treated with sterile material with 70% alcohol (from 96% you will get a skin burn). Nowadays special skin antiseptics are often used.
The person giving the injection should preferably wear sterile gloves; the syringe is disposable. If there are no gloves, then hands should be thoroughly washed with soap and water and treated with alcohol or other approved disinfectant.
Before opening, treat the ampoule with the drug (after filing) with alcohol (the very place of the sawing on the neck of the ampoule). Currently, almost all ampoules do not need to be filed. At the top of the ampoule there is a dot drawn with paint. Turn the ampoule point towards you and break the ampoule away from you. That's all. (Well done, they finally came up with something useful).
Complications after injections (shots)
Well, now let's talk about what complications can arise at the injection site.
Well, this is just an infiltration for now. Although it is already necessary to punctuate
Immediately after an intramuscular injection, pain may occur (this depends on the composition of the drug itself and the speed of its administration), which disappears after a short time. Immediately after the injection, it is advisable to apply a warm heating pad or other dry heat to this area, which helps to dilate the blood vessels and enhance the penetration of the drug into the bloodstream.
Sometimes, over the next few days (4-7-10 days), compaction and tissue infiltration may occur at the injection site. Patients sometimes call this formation “bumps.”
At this stage, a person should definitely see a doctor, preferably a surgeon, who can correctly assess the situation.
The doctor, to exclude abscess formation, may refer the patient to an ultrasound of the infiltrate or perform a puncture. If pus is detected, opening the abscess under local anesthesia or general anesthesia is indicated.
After opening such an abscess there was 200 ml of pus
If the infiltrate does not suppurate, then the use of antibiotics (in tablets or intravenously) and physical treatment for the infiltrate are indicated. Many patients benefit from compresses from rye bread with honey, vodka compresses or compresses with Vishnevsky ointment.
Sometimes, after an intravenous injection, the drug does not enter the vein, but under the skin. This manifests itself as pain under the needle, a burning sensation, and swelling under the skin. Usually this situation is noticed immediately and does not require any help (the drug will then “dissolve on its own”). A semi-alcohol or vodka compress can be applied to the site of such an injection.
If calcium chloride gets under the skin, then immediately inject the area with a 0.25% solution of novocaine (this will reduce the concentration calcium chloride in the surrounding tissues) and apply one of the above compresses.
Such necrosis occurred when the medicine did not enter a vein, but under the skin
If a lot of the drug gets under the skin, tissue necrosis occurs. I have had to treat such patients. I’ll say right away that this is not easy, both for the patient and for the doctor. Black skin necrosis is usually deep; it has to be excised, sometimes more than once. Wounds heal slowly with the formation of a rough scar.
Sometimes after intravenous administration With some medications, hyperemia and thickening along the vein and pain in it appear almost immediately or within a few days. This is the so-called phlebitis or inflammation of the vein walls. Thrombophlebitis can even occur when blood clots form in the lumen of the inflamed vessel.
In such cases, I usually use compresses with Vishnevsky ointment, heparin ointment, drugs that improve microcirculation, antibiotics, and low molecular weight heparins.
There are cases when patients come in about “bumps” on the buttocks, which persist after injections for several months or even years.
What can be advised in this situation? It is necessary to conduct an examination and study of these formations and carry out differential diagnosis for benign or malignant tumors.
In most of these cases, conservative treatment of “bumps” does not produce positive effect and these formations have to be excised, although very rarely.
What can lead to the development of post-injection complications and what are their causes?
The conclusions below are my subjective opinion based on many years of experience work as a surgeon.
In most cases, this is a violation of the rules of asepsis and antisepsis, i.e. the infection enters the tissue through poorly treated skin, hands, an infected syringe, etc.
- There are a number of drugs, such as analgin, diclofenac, ketorol, magnesium sulfate (magnesia), etc., which themselves can cause aseptic inflammation, which can turn into suppuration if a secondary infection occurs.
- If a drug intended for intramuscular injection enters the subcutaneous fatty tissue, where the “absorption” of the drug into the blood occurs more slowly. As a result, a secondary infection may occur again.
- Weakened immunity in cancer patients suffering from diabetes mellitus and etc.
- When a needle enters a sufficiently large vessel, a hematoma is formed (in muscles or fatty tissue), which may not have time to “resolve” and as a result it suppurates.
Well, I think I’ve said the main thing. Some readers may think, what does injections and a surgeon have to do with it?
But the fact is that surgeons treat complications associated with injections. And we want there to be fewer complications, which is what we wish for you too.
Take care of yourself. A. S. Podlipaev
And also do not forget about comments, ask your questions. But first I advise you to read the pages "" and "".
Based on the recommendations received, please consult a doctor, including to identify possible contraindications! Taking recommended medications is possible ONLY IF THEY ARE WELL TOlerated BY PATIENTS, TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT OF THEIR SIDE EFFECTS AND CONTRAINDICATIONS!
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