On what day of the cycle does ovulation occur? What day does ovulation occur? Important and interesting facts

When to do an ovulation test?

They are made 5-7 days before its expected start. This is with the condition of a regular menstrual cycle, since otherwise you need to buy more tests and use them about 10 days before the rupture of the follicle, that is almost every day.

Late onset of the luteal phase it is advisable to use the device on the 13-21st day of the menstrual cycle. After receiving a positive result, the test will no longer be needed, since it has fulfilled its function.

Is it possible to correct/restore the cycle?

From a medical standpoint, it's easy to do., but it is important to understand why you need to interfere with the menstrual cycle.

If a late ovulation norm variant, then there is no need to restore the cycle for the "average value", since the consequences will be unpredictable.

In cases of persistent hormonal imbalance(increase / decrease in prolactin, progesterone), serious diseases, it is necessary to correct and restore the menstrual cycle. For this, there are special drugs inhibitors or analogues of hormones that normalize the hormonal status.

For example, among gynecologists uses popular medicine"Duphaston". It stimulates the onset of the luteal phase, and is also an analogue of progesterone.

Sometimes combined are used oral contraceptives . However, if a woman has it, then it is most reasonable. After 2 months, the cycle will recover on its own.

Is it possible to conceive, how does it affect pregnancy?

late ovulation is not an obstacle for pregnancy and subsequent gestation. However, it is permissible to say so only if it refers to a variant of the norm and is just a consequence of a long menstrual cycle.

Minor hormonal imbalances of a short-term nature also do not pose a danger to conception, but in the case of serious diseases and significant endocrine disorders pregnancy is unlikely.

For example, with elevated prolactin or insufficient amount of progesterone, fertilization is almost impossible, indicating the need medical care. Each case is individual.

Who is most likely to conceive?

Untimely rupture of the follicle does not affect gender future child. Here it is impossible to calculate with accuracy and in advance, since such biological parameters depend to a greater extent on the partner. It is in a man that the Y chromosome has an X and Y program, unlike the egg.

Scientists have found some connection between the sex of the child and the woman's ovulation. For example, you need to have sexual intercourse just before ovulation, and then 2-3 days before its onset, stop sexual relations.

happens to the boy everything is exactly the opposite: it is desirable to start sexual intercourse during ovulation.

key factor here is the exact definition of the luteal phase of the cycle, which will indirectly help to influence the sex of the unborn child.

In conclusion, it must be said that late ovulation is not a standalone diagnosis., but only a symptom, which can be a variant of the norm or pathology. With a long menstrual cycle, a late rupture of the follicle is logical and natural. This does not speak in favor of a serious illness.

The mysterious process of birth is of interest to every woman, because it takes place inside her, causing many different sensations - enthralling and at the same time alarming, but ultimately making her the happiest mother. woman making plans future life, measures the possibilities, listens to their desires. Therefore, she is interested in everything related to the birth of a child. Family planning - reasonable approach to use your life.

The probability of becoming a mother in a woman comes precisely from the moment of ovulation. Conception and ovulation are inseparable concepts. Therefore, I would like to know what day ovulation occurs, what it is, how to detect it, recognize it. Once you have set your ovulation day, make regular attempts to conceive. But what to do next is quite clear - to prepare to become a mother.

To begin with, ovulation must be designated as a certain stage of the menstrual cycle (ovarian). But this explanation will not give a complete picture of ovulation. Let's consider in more detail.

Feature of the menstrual cycle

At some point, a mature female cell (ovum) enters the abdominal cavity from the ovarian follicle - this is ovulation. Ovum is Latin for "egg". From this moment, the mature egg has the possibility of fertilization. It also happens that a couple of times a year the egg is not at all ready for fertilization. But this is rather an exception to the rule.

At the time of ovulation, a rupture forms in the follicle. Leaving through this gap, the egg begins to move along fallopian tube towards the uterus. It is during this movement that the egg can be fertilized. If this does not happen, then she will die within a day (according to various sources - within 12-48 hours). The time of her "life" refers to the period of ovulation.

When does she arrive?

The onset of ovulation can be determined in several ways.

First: calendar. In a woman of childbearing age, ovulation occurs periodically every 22-35 days. The ovulation rhythm (or phases of ovulation) individual for each organism changes after an abortion - for 3 months, after childbirth - for a year, and also after 40 years - in the process of preparing for the menopause. With the onset of pregnancy, as well as after the extinction of the function of the menstrual cycle, ovulation stops altogether. I.e physiological process Ovulation in the female body is observed from the moment of puberty until the development of menopause, interrupted only during pregnancy.

Its onset can be calculated by the calendar dates of menstruation.

Note! Basically, ovulation occurs on the 14th day of the menstrual cycle, if this cycle is 28 days. Deviation from this schedule still takes place, but is the norm. The longer the cycle, the later ovulation: with a cycle of 30 days - on day 15-16. The reliability of this method is 30%, because modern women often observe menstrual cycle failures.

Second: tactile. Allows you to determine the upcoming ovulation on the basis of rather subjective signs. However, it is generally accepted that during and before ovulation, the discharge from the cervix is ​​less viscous. On this basis, a woman who is attentive to herself can establish the readiness of her body for conception.

The so-called “fern phenomenon” helps to navigate - the crystallization of cervical mucus in the form of a “fern leaf” ( laboratory research). The figures of the same sheet give women's tears, saliva, nasal mucus. The nature of crystallization is interconnected with the level of estrogen in the female body, as well as with the ratio of progesterone and estrogen. "Fern leaf" crystallizes in the absence of ovulation.

Third: according to basal temperature. This method was previously used in the first place, since for quite a long time it was considered the most reliable. The fact is that body temperature (rectal - in the rectum) on the day of ovulation is the lowest, but rises sharply the next day. To detect such a jump, it is necessary to carry out monitoring - to measure the temperature daily during the entire monthly cycle, or better - two cycles. This is done in the morning without getting out of bed, then a graph is drawn up that will display the race. Reliability - 90%.

Fourth: modern. The use of new medical developments allows you to quickly and accurately determine the ability of your eggs to fertilize. One of them is a test indicator, which is sensitive to the content of hormones in your body. An increase in hormone levels is a signal that the ovulation process has begun. The test is applicable in both urinalysis and saliva analysis. The most accurate is recognized as a blood test for hormones in the laboratory.

If all of the above methods do not detect the onset of ovulation, then, most likely, the maturation of the egg is delayed.

Note! Ovulation may or may not occur. This is called anovulation.

The ovum even healthy woman allows itself to mature not in every cycle. 2-3 cycles a year with anovulation is quite normal. But with age, the number of such cycles increases. Menopause or pregnancy also lead to anovulation.

In addition, the reasons for the lack of ovulation may be the stress experienced by the woman, inflammation of the genitals, hormonal imbalance, taking certain medications ( hormonal drugs), dysfunction of the thyroid gland, adrenal cortex or tumors of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, leading to dysfunction of the pituitary-hypothalamic-ovarian system. As a result, anovulation develops, 100% leading to female infertility. With any suspicion of this circumstance, all your aspirations should be directed to the doctor, and thoughts - that there is always a chance!

After discovering the cause of the lack of ovulation, specialists resort to the procedure for stimulating it with the help of special medications.

It should be noted that apart from such artificial stimulation, no other method can help. And the answer to this question can only be given by Mother Nature, who keeps this process a secret. The task of a woman is to control her condition, study her cycle and strengthen her health.

And one day you will recognize your readiness to conceive, even if you do not understand what day ovulation occurs.

The very first and obvious sign of ovulation has always been short-term pain in the lower abdomen. Gynecologists explain this pain by stretching the walls of the ovary, as well as by the fact that the bursting follicle releases fluid. The role of this fluid is that it provokes contraction of the fallopian tubes and uterus, which is accompanied by pain.

And then the onset of ovulation will be prompted by intense vaginal discharge, changes in rectal (basalt) temperature (according to the schedule you have drawn up), as well as an increase in the level of progesterone in the blood. In addition, ultrasound will demonstrate to you in dynamics the rupture of the follicles and the release of the "free floating" of the egg, capable of fertilization.

The color of the discharge is usually pinkish or slightly reddish, but should not be intensely red, as there should not be much blood. Uterine bleeding is rather life threatening.

1st day menstrual cycle - the beginning of the follicular (menstrual phase). Several follicles grow in the ovaries.

From 7 day and until the middle of the cycle - the ovulatory phase. The main, dominant follicle is determined - the Graafian vesicle, in which the egg matures.

14th day(with a 28-day cycle) - ovulation. The Graafian vesicle bursts, releasing an egg ready for fertilization. In the following days, the egg travels through the fallopian tube to the uterus. The time of her "life" is 24-48 hours, although the facts even speak of 5 days.

15th day- the beginning of the corpus luteum phase. The period after the day of ovulation until the start of the next menstruation. The bursting follicle collects its walls like a closing tulip. Lutein pigment and fats color them yellow. Now this follicle (Graaffian vesicle) acquires a new name - the corpus luteum.

Important and interesting facts

I. The maximum chance of conception (33%) occurs directly on the day of your ovulation. The day before your ovulation day, it is 31%, 2 days - 27%. These numbers indicate very high chances. But 5 days before ovulation or the day after it - the chance is negligible.

II. A competent study of the menstrual cycle and an accurate determination of the day of ovulation allows not only to conceive, but also to choose the desired sex of the child.

III. If you want to get pregnant, it is not necessary to have sex on the day of ovulation. This is ineffective, since your egg, with its ability to “live” for a maximum of 48 hours, has only time left to conceive during the day of your ovulation, and the next day the probability becomes minimal. But your partner's sperm "live" longer - at least a week. Therefore, they can be "invited" into the fallopian tubes during this week before your main day.

IV. Ovulation for the ovaries is a huge responsible job. If once one of the ovaries fulfilled it, then the next time this mission is assigned to the other ovary, since the first one needs to have a good “rest”. The pulling nature of the pain in the ovarian region will allow you to determine which of them is "serving his watch."

V is the most important. Do not be mistaken in calculating the timing (determining the day of ovulation): it is not important when the next menstrual cycle starts, but when the previous one ends. Make calculations based on these considerations.

On what day ovulation occurs, it is important to know in order to choose the best time for natural conception, artificial insemination for in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Unlike animals, man is not so fertile as to achieve conception at every opportunity for him. The advantage of deciding belongs rather to nature (or to God, whoever thinks they want). A healthy woman who has only 3 chances per month to get pregnant can take advantage of just one. It should be known that with age, the chances decrease. But any difficulty can be overcome. If you arm yourself with knowledge, feel every cell of your body and prepare yourself, competently and carefully approach the achievement of your goal. Then nature will give you a gift - you will become a mother.

Video

For more information on calculating the day of ovulation, see below:

It is possible to understand on which days of the cycle ovulation occurs in most cases, especially if it is regular. The release of the egg occurs approximately in the middle of the cycle, sometimes it can shift a few days forward or backward, which occurs under the influence of certain factors.

scheme of the menstrual cycle, auspicious days for conception

If a woman knows the duration of her menstrual cycle, this will help her when planning conception or the sex of the child, protect against unplanned conception, and also help track whether ovulation occurs at all after menstruation. If this does not happen, the woman is prescribed treatment.

The opinion that normally the ovulation period should come in the middle of the cycle is not absolutely correct. The time of rupture of the follicle depends on the duration of the cyclic process, which is individual for everyone. Sometimes women accelerate the release of the egg involuntarily, early ovulation can be triggered by:

• weight lifting;
• swinging the press;
• the use of a decoction of sage in the follicular phase;
• discontinuation of oral contraceptives.

The duration of the menstrual period is measured from the first day of blood to the last day of the next critical days. The follicle is born on the day of the onset of menstrual flow, then the formation of an egg occurs in it. On the day of its release, a spermatozoon must enter it, if this does not happen within 24 hours, conception will not take place. Therefore, when planning, it is important for parents to know on which day after menstruation ovulation occurs.

To do this, it is customary to use several methods:

• calendar calculation;
• measurement of basal temperature;
• use of tests;
• ovulation symptoms.

Now let's take a closer look at each of the methods for calculating the day of release of the egg.

calendar method

For most of the fair sex, the menstrual period lasts 28 - 35 days. The release of the egg occurs approximately 2 weeks before the onset of menstruation. If we take into account the cyclicity of 28 days and subtract 14 from it, we get 14. This figure means on which day after menstruation ovulation occurs.

To find out the longitude of your cyclical period, you need to have a calendar in which the day of the beginning of critical days will be marked for more than one month. Further, as described above, 14 must be subtracted from the number of cycle days and it will be possible to determine the desired day.

These calculations cannot give a 100% result, because in practice, a regular cycle has a low percentage of women. This is due to many reasons:

• emotional condition;
• physical exercise;
• hormone levels;
• the presence of diseases and so on.

To confirm her calculations, a woman can additionally measure her rectal temperature.

Measurement of basal temperature

It is necessary to measure the temperature every day immediately after waking up, its fluctuations range from 36.2 to 36.9 degrees, a jump in degrees to 37 indicates the beginning of a favorable day. Before using the thermometer, it must be lubricated with oil or petroleum jelly, then turn on its side, insert into the rectum by 1 - 1.5 cm and hold for 5 - 7 minutes. It is necessary to start measuring rectal temperature and recording the results daily, at the same hour, immediately after the end of menstrual blood.

Note!

The basal temperature technique for determining day "x" is ideal for an unspecified cycle.

Ovulation Tests

Test strips are recommended to be used after determining the duration of the cyclic period. If it is regular, then 17 days must be subtracted from its duration, 14 of which are the approximate time the beginning of ovulation and 3 days are taken with a margin, since the maximum lifespan of an egg can reach 3 days. At irregular cycle necessary from the short term subtract 17, this date will also be considered an approximation.

Important!

If the cycle is not regular, then the woman needs to contact a specialist to find out the cause, as this may be associated with certain diseases.

So, in order to understand exactly when to use the test, we use a good example, we take into account the cycle of 29 days and the beginning of the month on the 4th day:

1. From 29 we need to subtract 17 and get 12.
2. Next, you need to subtract 12 days, from the 4th, it turns out 16.
3. From the resulting day, we start testing daily, ovulation is expected on the 18th -19th day, it is on these days that there should be 2 distinct strips on the test.

Symptoms of approaching ovulation

Symptoms of approaching ovulation

Ejection of the egg can be felt as a result of the production of a large amount of hormones in a woman:

• body temperature rises;
• there is pain in the lower abdomen;
• cervical mucus changes;
• increased attraction to a partner;
• there is discomfort in the chest area.

Sometimes, during the period of ovarian release, a brown liquid is released from a woman, the reason for this is a rupture of the follicle or an excess of estrogen. Similar manifestations are detected a few hours before the release of the egg and continue for 2 days.

A small intermenstrual bleeding is observed in many, in most cases this phenomenon is considered normal, sometimes bleeding is caused by:

• miscarriage;
• spiral;
• infections;
• injuries;
• medicines;
• stress;
• oral contraceptives or refusal of them;
• depression and others.

When brown discharge a woman needs more rest, not to be nervous and get rid of depression. If you apply the above methods and based on your own feelings, you can determine the day of ovulation with high accuracy.

Ovulation with a cycle of 7-19 days

The menstrual cycle in a girl from the moment it starts can be established within 12 months, during this period they can be irregular, which is not considered a pathology. If menstruation has not returned after 12 months, you should visit a specialist.

Note!

A single deviation from the norm of the cycle is not considered dangerous and does not require medical advice.

The menstrual period is considered short if its duration does not exceed 21 days. In this case, changes occur with the nature and volume of blood. Menstruation becomes plentiful and the woman begins to experience pain during them.

The formation of the egg basically occurs earlier, with a cycle duration of 21 days, ovulation is possible on the 7th day. It should be recalled that the maturation of the follicle can be late or early in any cycle. For example, if it lasts 28 days, then ovulation is possible on the 17th - 19th day of the cycle, with early maturation on the 7th-10th day.

A cycle of 28 calendar days is considered to be average, monthly deviations from the norm are acceptable, but they should not have a difference of more than 3 days. The reason for contacting a specialist can also be considered heavy menstruation, more than 80 ml per day and the duration of critical days is longer than a week.

It is not difficult to make a calculation with an average duration, if the cycle lasted 28-29 days, then ovulation will appear on the 14th-15th day. If the cycle was 27 days, then ovulation will occur on the 13th day, ovulation with a 26-day cycle comes on the 12th day, ovulation with a 25-day cycle on the 10-11th day, etc.

Important!

Ovulation on the 20th day of the cycle or later is possible before menopause, if at the same time the woman becomes pregnant, a miscarriage or congenital malformations in the baby is possible.

Ovulation at a cycle of 30-35 days

A menstrual period of up to 35 days, despite its duration, is considered normal if it is regular. The calculation is made in the same way as the earlier subtraction method, if the cycle is 35 days, then the auspicious day should come on the 21st day, with a cycle of 31 days, ovulation is expected on the 17th day, ovulation with a 30 day cycle falls on the 16th day.

If the menstrual period exceeds 35 days, this is considered a reason to see a doctor. In no case should a woman self-medicate, this can lead to bad consequences.

What time of day does ovulation occur and how many days does it last?

At what time of the day the follicle ejects the egg is not easy to answer, because each organism is special. But in order to increase the chances of fertilization on this day, the couple is recommended to have sexual intercourse in the morning and evening. After leaving the follicle, the egg begins to move towards the uterus through the tubes. If a spermatozoon meets on its way, which manages to penetrate inside, it becomes fertilized. Next, the fertilized egg must enter the uterus and attach to the endometrium, then pregnancy occurs.

The ovulation cycle is short, it is 12 - 36 hours, on average, it is considered active during the day after the release. If during this period the fusion with sperm does not occur, she will die and come out with menstrual bleeding. When calculating for conception, it is worth considering the life expectancy of sperm, men live 23 hours, women about 5 days.

What happens after ovulation?

Every woman knows how ovulation and menstruation are connected. If fertilization did not happen after it, then critical days will begin, if it happened, then menstruation will not come. The woman will begin the pre-implantation period, which lasts 4 to 5 days, during which time the fertilized egg moves to the uterus. Its transportation is facilitated by:

• contractile movements of the smooth muscles of the fallopian tubes;
• mobility of epithelial cilia;
• relaxation of the sphincter between the uterus and the fallopian tube;
• an increase in the hormones progesterone and estrogen.

During this period of time, intracellular division occurs, before entering the uterus, 16-32 cells are formed in the embryo. The attachment of the fetal egg will occur after 24 hours, until this time it floats freely in the uterus. If spermatozoa enter before day "x", fertilization occurs immediately after the release of the egg.

Does ovulation occur immediately after menstruation?

Calculating the timing of conception, doctors exclude its possibility immediately after the critical days. However, ovulation immediately after menstruation is quite possible, and the reasons for this may be:

• a short menstrual period, ovulation with it can occur on the 9th day of the cycle or earlier, while the duration of bleeding is not taken into account;
• duration of critical days (more than 7);
• lack of a stable cycle;
• formation of more than one egg.

In the latter case, the maturation of the second egg occurs in the female body, immediately after the first follicle bursts. Thus, the critical days end, and a new ovulation cycle immediately begins. This can happen in women who are prone to having twins or triplets.

Among other things, early ovulation can occur due to menstrual irregularities, which can be triggered by:

• abrupt climate change;
• gaining or losing weight;
• the use of certain drugs;
• hormonal disruptions;
• periods after childbirth and abortion;
• stress;
• menopause;
• physical fatigue;
• any diseases.

The definition of ovulation, regardless of whether it is early or late, occurs by the same methods: by symptoms, BZ temperature, test strips, ultrasound and the calendar method.

Does ovulation occur every month?

The formation of the egg is due to hormonal influence, the release of which is carried out by the adrenal glands, the pituitary gland and the endocrine system. Follicular maturation can occur in one or both ovaries at once. Follicular rupture occurs when it reaches a large size. The egg, ready for fertilization, is washed out by the fluid in the abdominal cavity.

Normally, the ovulatory period should be monthly, but its absence is acceptable, but not more than 2 times in 12 months. Anovulatory periods are triggered by the same factors that affect the regularity of the cycle. If they are caused by any diseases, then the body automatically blocks the reproductive system, making it clear that now the body is weakened, this is not the best time for conception. In anovulatory periods, doctors refer the patient to comprehensive examination, since they can be caused by serious illnesses.

In order for a woman to understand about malfunctions of the reproductive system, she must know the signs of periods without ovulation, and they consist in:

• the absence of protein secretions;
• constant jumps in menstruation (critical days may be absent for several months);
• abundance or scarcity of blood secretions;
• basal temperature less than 37 degrees (relevant for those who monitor its performance daily).

Anovulation can also be identified by the absence of pregnancy despite regular, unprotected intercourse. Exactly last signs and bring patients to an appointment with a gynecologist. Often anovulation is accompanied by amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea, characterized by the absence of menstruation or their scarcity.

Conclusion

Ovulation is a very significant action, it is responsible for conception and the normal functioning of the reproductive system. Being sure of its presence is important not only when planning a baby, but also for diagnosing certain diseases. Therefore, gynecologists recommend that every woman monitor her menstrual cycle.

The article will tell you how to determine or calculate ovulation at home.

A woman who knows about her ovulation can afford to get pregnant faster or, on the contrary, protect herself from unplanned pregnancy.

How to calculate ovulation for conception?

You can determine ovulation in the following ways:

• By ultrasound. The procedure will not calculate for you the exact date of the release of the egg, but exactly about the absence or approach of ovulation
• By monthly
• According to basal temperature
• By ovulation test
• According to the well-being and signals of the body

IMPORTANT: Read more about each item below.

How to calculate ovulation by menstruation?

There is a common myth that ovulation occurs on the 14th day of the menstrual cycle, i.e. on the 14th day from the beginning of the next menstruation. Such a statement is really a myth, since the day of ovulation directly depends on the length of the menstrual cycle.

The menstrual cycle consists of two phases: the follicular phase and the corpus luteum phase.

More or less has general indicators the duration of the second phase is 12-16 days. As you can see, the average number is really 14. But the countdown is not from the first day of menstruation, but from the last day of the cycle, i.e. days before the next period.

When do you ovulate on a 21 day cycle?

With a cycle of 21 days, ovulation will occur on the 5th - 9th day from the first day of menstruation.

When is ovulation on a 23 day cycle?

With a cycle of 23 days, on the 7th - 11th day from the first day of menstruation there will be ovulation.

When is ovulation on a 24 day cycle?

With a cycle of 24 days, ovulation will occur on days 8-12 from the first day of menstruation.

When do you ovulate on a 25 day cycle?

With a cycle of 25 days, ovulation will occur on the 9th - 13th day from the first day of menstruation.

When is ovulation on a 26 day cycle?

With a cycle of 26 days, ovulation will occur on the 10-14th day from the first day of menstruation.

When do you ovulate on a 27 day cycle?

When is ovulation on a 28 day cycle?

With a cycle of 28 days, ovulation will occur on the 12th - 16th day from the first day of menstruation.

When do you ovulate on a 29 day cycle?

With a cycle of 29 days, ovulation will occur on the 13th - 17th day from the first day of menstruation.

When is ovulation on a 30 day cycle?

With a cycle of 30 days, ovulation will occur on the 14th - 18th day from the first day of menstruation.

When is ovulation on a 31 day cycle?

With a cycle of 31 days, ovulation will occur on the 15-19th day from the first day of menstruation.

When is ovulation on a 32 day cycle?

With a cycle of 32 days, ovulation will occur on the 16-20th day from the first day of menstruation.

When is ovulation on a 33 day cycle?

With a cycle of 33 days, 17 - 21 days from the first day of menstruation there will be ovulation.

When is ovulation on a 34 day cycle?

With a cycle of 34 days, ovulation will occur on the 18-22nd day from the first day of menstruation.

When do you ovulate on a 35 day cycle?

With a cycle of 35 days, ovulation will occur on the 19-23rd day from the first day of menstruation.

When do you ovulate on a 36 day cycle?

With a cycle of 36 days, on the 20th - 24th day from the first day of menstruation there will be ovulation.

When do you ovulate on a 37 day cycle?

With a cycle of 37 days, ovulation will occur on the 21st - 25th day from the first day of menstruation.

When is ovulation on a 38 day cycle?

With a cycle of 38 days, on the 22nd - 26th day from the first day of menstruation there will be ovulation.

When do you ovulate on a 39 day cycle?

With a cycle of 39 days, ovulation will occur on the 23rd - 27th day from the first day of menstruation.

When is ovulation on a 40 day cycle?

With a cycle of 40 days, ovulation will occur on the 24-28th day from the first day of menstruation.

IMPORTANT: A woman's body is a delicate matter, so the numbers can, although rarely, vary

How to calculate ovulation with an irregular cycle?

• On monthly you will not be able to calculate the day of ovulation. After all, for the calculation you need to know the length of the cycle, and you cannot know this with an irregular cycle.
• Ovulation test. The first problem with this method is that it is difficult to guess what day to take the test. The second problem is that the test can show a false positive result. This is explained by the fact that the failure of the cycle often speaks of hormonal problems in the body. And if hormones are not produced according to the norms, then the production of the hormone in large quantities than expected can provoke a false test reaction.

• By symptoms. This method also works with an irregular cycle. More information about the method can be found below.

• ultrasound. You can do an ultrasound, but with a cycle of 45 days, you will have to visit a lot of ultrasounds, tracking the dynamics of the growth of the follicle. And it will cost you a lot of money.

• Measuring basal temperature is a fairly effective method for an irregular cycle. But you should first chart your basal temperature for 3 months, marking the exact readings every day. This will allow you to understand what kind of temperature jump occurs during ovulation in your body. Read more about basal temperature during ovulation and conception below and in the article.

How to calculate the ovulation cycle?

To create an ovulation cycle, you should fix the indicators of the duration of the cycle for 6 months. Based on the results, make the following calculations:

• Subtract 11 from the longest cycle
• Subtract 18 from the shortest cycle
• The period between the received days and the weekday is most likely for the onset of ovulation

Example.

The longest cycle was 36 days. Do simple calculations: 36-11=25 days of the cycle.

The shortest cycle was 28 days. 28-18=10th day of the menstrual cycle.

This means that the most likely period for the onset of ovulation and conception in a particular woman is between the 10th and 26th day of the cycle. That is, for her, there are 16 probable days.

Ovulation test

Detailed information about ovulation tests is given in the article.

Basal body temperature during ovulation

Basal temperature indicators are one of the methods for determining the onset of ovulation. But one measurement will not be enough for you, since each woman will have her own indicators:

• In order for the information to be reliable, you need to draw up a graph of basal temperature for the last three months
• You need to measure the temperature every day at the same time (how to measure the basal temperature correctly, read in the next section)
• After 3 months, make a schedule from the first day of the cycle to the last for each month
• During the first phase of the cycle basal body temperature will be below 37 C
• Then you will see a decrease of several degrees (you may not fix this short period)
• Then there will be a sharp jump
• This will signal the onset of ovulation.
• This temperature is elevated and will remain until the next cycle or will increase when pregnancy occurs.

When the system may crash:

• Woman taking hormonal drugs
• Woman taking other strong medications
• Woman drinking alcohol
• Violations in the body: failure of the hormonal system, women's problems
• Violated the rules for measuring basal temperature (read more about them in the next section of this article)
• climate change

IMPORTANT: If in some month the temperature has not risen above 37 C, do not worry. This can happen 1-2 times a year. This is called an anovulatory cycle, i.e. cycle without ovulation

Signals to see a doctor:

• Anovulatory cycle was more than two times
• Basal temperature rises only towards the end of the cycle, and not during the expected period of ovulation
• The temperature rises and falls throughout the cycle
• If, after the onset of menstruation, the temperature has not returned to the lower levels, but continues to be high

IMPORTANT: All information provided will only be valid if correct measurement basal temperature (read more below)

Measurement of basal temperature to determine ovulation

In order for temperature measurement to be practical, you must observe clearly and rigorously temperature measurement rules:

• Take measurements rectally
• Take your temperature early in the morning while lying in bed. The best time- 7 am
• Use a mercury thermometer
• You should sleep peacefully 5 hours before the measurement
• Put the thermometer next to you so as not to make any body movements. Do not even shake off the thermometer, prepare it in advance
• Take measurements for 5-10 minutes
• Take out the thermometer by holding its tip. Otherwise, you can affect the temperature
• If you are making a schedule, then measurements should be taken at the same time plus or minus a maximum of 30 minutes

Pain before ovulation

Pain before ovulation can be:

• In the chest area
• In the abdomen

Pain in the chest.

Breast pain before ovulation is triggered by a surge of hormones as the body prepares for conception. Pain does not occur often, more often there is discomfort. This is not a reason to go to the doctor, unless they continue long time.

Stomach ache.

The pains are concentrated in the region of the ovary, in which the cell matures and leaves. Every month you may feel pain from different sides. The pain doesn't have to be severe. If they are so strong that it is difficult for you to walk or you lose consciousness, consult a doctor immediately. If the pain is mild, tolerable and really only lasts during the ovulation period, then there is nothing to worry about, because this is a normal physiological process.

IMPORTANT: Not every woman feels pain. But if you feel severe pain, or fever, headache, vomiting, dizziness, or if the pain continues for a long time, consult a doctor

Discharge before ovulation

The discharge before ovulation increases significantly. This is explained physiologically and should not scare you.

In addition to increasing the amount, you may also notice a change in the consistency of the discharge:

• As a rule, discharge before ovulation has the appearance and texture of raw egg white.
• Color can be white, yellow, pink

IMPORTANT: Discharge cannot be the only sign of ovulation. Compare this feature with other more accurate ones.

How many days does ovulation last?

Ovulation lasts from 12 to 48 hours according to various sources. That is, this is the period when the egg is viable and ready for fertilization.

If you have set yourself the goal of determining when ovulation occurs in your body, then you should choose the most accurate methods, or a combination of less accurate ones.

Video: How to determine the day of ovulation?

All about ovulation

Ovulation(from Latin ovulla - testicle) - a phenomenon that is the release of an egg (second-order oocyte) from the ovary into the body cavity as a result of a rupture of a mature follicle. From the body cavity, the egg enters the oviduct (called the fallopian tube in a woman), where fertilization occurs. biological sense ovulation consists in the release of the egg from the follicle for its fertilization and further transportation through the female genital tract.

Photo of ovulation.

You see the ovary, the follicle and the moment of ovulation (the yellow droplet is the release of the egg from the follicle).

The female body is endowed with two ovaries located on either side of the uterus. The ovaries produce eggs. The ovum (oocyte, from the Latin ovum - egg), in comparison with most somatic, that is, the cells that make up the body, contains a significantly larger amount nutrients, enzymes and different large sizes. In addition, as organs internal secretion The ovaries produce hormones, the best known of which are estrogen and progesterone.

The ovaries accumulate eggs even at the stage of intrauterine development of the girl. There are hundreds of thousands of eggs in the two ovaries of a newborn. True, they are all inactive until the onset of puberty, that is, up to about 12 years. During this time, a certain number of cells die, but 300,000 - 400,000 full-fledged eggs remain. From the moment of puberty to the onset of menopause, a woman will experience from 300 to 400 menstrual cycles, as a result of which the same number of oocytes that can become fertilized will mature. During the menstrual cycle, one of the many eggs matures in the ovaries. Under the influence of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) of the pituitary gland - endocrine gland on the lower surface of the brain, a follicle (sac) begins to grow with the egg selected for ovulation in this cycle. The diameter of the follicle at the beginning of the cycle does not exceed 1 mm, and after 2 weeks it reaches 20 mm. As the follicle grows, a bulge forms on the surface of the ovary, which by the middle of the cycle increases to the size of a grape. Inside the follicle contains fluid and a small nucleolus with a diameter of 0.1 mm. In the middle of the cycle, about 12 days after the onset of menstruation, the pituitary gland releases large amounts of luteinizing hormone (LH), and ovulation occurs 36 hours later. Until now, the dormant egg nucleus wakes up and prepares its chromosomes for a possible conception.
The chromosomes in the nucleus carry the genetic code. The purpose of fertilization is the fusion of two germ cells (gametes) originating from heterosexual individuals. All cells human body contain 46 chromosomes. Therefore, two gametes must form a new cell containing also 46 chromosomes. With simple addition, 92 chromosomes would have been obtained, but this would have led to a biological error, the consequence of which would have been the termination of the genus. Therefore, each of the partners must halve their number of chromosomes (to 23). In the egg, the reduction in the number of chromosomes occurs after the release of luteinizing hormone by the pituitary gland. For such a transformation, 20 - 36 hours is enough for her. In preparation for the reception of the sperm, the egg pushes out to the periphery, into a small sac called the first polar body, half of its chromosomes. The meeting with the sperm must occur at a strictly defined time. If this happens earlier, the egg will not be ready to receive the sperm because it will not have time to divide its chromosomes; if - later, then she risks missing the period of maximum readiness for fertilization.

The next 14 days after ovulation, the second part of the cycle, take place in the preparation of the uterine lining. All preparation is in vain if conception does not occur, and its biological consequences will pass along with menstrual bleeding. But in one of the ovaries, a new egg is already maturing again.

What happens after ovulation at conception?

The egg released from the follicle, having carried out the reduction of chromosomes, enters the fallopian tubes, which, with their soft fringes, are connected to the ovary. The fringes resemble an opened flower at the end of the stem. And its living petals capture the egg on the go.

The fusion of the egg and sperm usually occurs in the fallopian tube itself.

The fallopian tube is a cylindrical muscular organ, inside it is lined with a mucous membrane covered with villi and containing secretion-producing glands. This structure contributes to the movement of the egg and (if fertilization has occurred) the embryo into the uterus.

To fertilize an egg, the sperm must enter the body around the same time that the egg leaves the follicle. This may seem easy to achieve, but the egg after leaving the follicle lives for only 24 hours or even less, and the sperm remains capable of fertilizing it for only a few days. Thus, sexual intercourse should take place at your very right time if you want to get pregnant.

The process of ovulation is controlled by the hypothalamus by regulating (through gonadotropin-releasing hormone) the release of hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland: LH and FSH. In the follicular (preovulatory) phase of the menstrual cycle, the ovarian follicle undergoes a series of transformations under the influence of FSH. When the follicle reaches a certain size and functional activity, under the influence of estrogens secreted by the follicle, an ovulatory peak of LH is formed, which triggers the "maturation" of the egg (the first division of meiosis). After maturation, a gap is formed in the follicle through which the egg leaves the follicle. Between the ovulatory peak of LH and ovulation, about 36-48 hours pass. During the postovulatory (corpus luteum) phase, the egg usually travels down the fallopian tube towards the uterus. If the egg is fertilized, then on the 3-4th day the embryo enters the uterine cavity and the process of implantation takes place. If fertilization does not occur, the egg dies in the fallopian tube within 24 hours.

In a woman, a few days before and after the moment of ovulation represent the fertile phase. On average, ovulation occurs on the fourteenth day of the menstrual cycle (with a 28-day cycle). However, deviation from the mean is common and to some extent is normal.

The length of the menstrual cycle by itself is not a reliable source of information about the day of ovulation. Although usually ovulation occurs earlier with a shorter cycle, and later with a longer cycle, the duration of the corpus luteum phase in different women may vary by a week or more.

The basal temperature graph reflects the temperature effect of progesterone and indirectly (but quite accurately) allows you to determine the fact and day of ovulation. The fern phenomenon also helps to determine the presence of ovulation - it is determined by the crystallization of cervical mucus, and in some cases this phenomenon can be observed when examining mucus from the nose

Ovulation symptoms:

How to determine ovulation?

Symptoms of ovulation that a woman can notice without a doctor:

Short-term pain in the lower abdomen,
increase in sex drive.

During a gynecological examination during ovulation, an increase in the amount of mucus secreted from the cervical canal is observed. In addition, extensibility, transparency of the mucus is sometimes used, and its crystallization is also observed, which can be done using a special microscope for home use.

Methods and ways to determine Ovulation!

The release of estrogen has two maxima - during ovulation and during the period of maximum activity of the corpus luteum. So, for example, if the normal estrogen content is about 10 µg/l, then during ovulation it is about 50 µg/l, and during pregnancy, especially towards the end of it, the estrogen content in the blood increases to 70-80 µg/l per due to a sharp increase in the biosynthesis of estrogens in the placenta.
Together with progesterone, estrogens promote the implantation (introduction) of a fertilized egg, maintain pregnancy and promote childbirth. Estrogens play an important role in the regulation of many biochemical processes, are involved in carbohydrate metabolism, in the distribution of lipids, stimulate the synthesis of amino acids, nucleic acids and proteins. Estrogens contribute to the deposition of calcium in bone tissue, delay the release of sodium, potassium, phosphorus and water from the body, that is, increase their concentration both in the blood and in electrolytes (urine, saliva, nasal secretions, tears) of the body.
The secretion of estrogens is controlled by the anterior pituitary gland and its genadotropic hormones: follicle-stimulating (FSH) and luteinizing (LH).
Under the influence of estrogens in the first phase of the menstrual cycle, called folliculin, regeneration occurs in the uterus, that is, the restoration and growth of its mucous membrane - the endometrium, the growth of glands that stretch in length and become convoluted. The mucous membrane of the uterus thickens 4-5 times. In the glands of the cervix, the secretion of mucous secretion increases, the cervical canal expands, and becomes easily passable for spermatozoa. In the mammary glands, the epithelium grows inside the milk ducts.

Considering that the average “lifespan” of spermatozoa is 2-3 days (in rare cases it reaches 5-7 days), and the female egg remains viable for about 12-24 hours, then the maximum duration of the “dangerous” period is 6- 9 days and the “dangerous” period corresponds to the phase of slow rise (6-7 days) and rapid decline (1-2 days) before and after the day of ovulation, respectively. Ovulation, as we noted above, divides the menstrual cycle into two phases: the follicle maturation phase, which, with an average cycle duration of 10-16 days, and the luteal phase (corpus luteum phase), which is stable, independent of the duration of the menstrual cycle and is 12 -16 days. The corpus luteum phase is referred to as the period of absolute infertility, it begins 1-2 days after ovulation and ends with the onset of a new menstruation.

Calendar method for determining ovulation

Its essence is that menstruation always occurs 14 days after ovulation. That is, if the cycle is 28 days - ovulation will take place on the 13-14th; at 30 days - on the 15-16th, etc. The only problem is that modern urban women experience cycle failures too often. And even the healthiest have cases (1-3 times a year) when ovulation does not occur at all, and menstruation occurs as usual. In general, the reliability of the calendar method is no more than 30%.
Tactile method for determining ovulation

This method is suitable only for very observant women. It has been noticed that on the eve and during ovulation, the mucus secreted from the cervix becomes less viscous - so that it is easier for sperm to move along it. This is a very subjective method. Although, if someone can honestly admit to himself: “Yes, today I am thinner than yesterday,” then the probability of timely conception is 50:50.

Method of basal temperature for determining ovulation

This method is as unreliable as it is anti-erotic. If every morning, without getting out of bed, measure the temperature in the rectum (5-6 minutes) and build a graph, then you can find that a flat line of temperatures drops sharply one day - this is the day of ovulation! And the next day it rises just as sharply. If one of the cycles suddenly passes without ovulation, this will also be reflected in the chart. Having tracked 2-3 cycles in this way, you will learn how to “catch” the right day with an accuracy of up to 70%.
But, imagining how a loved one brings me a thermometer (you can’t get up!), And I put this thing in, I apologize, you know where, I completely lost the desire to make love. Even for the kids!

The next most accurate method for determining ovulation is the measurement of basal temperature. An increase in mucous secretions from the vagina and a decrease in rectal (basal) temperature on the day of ovulation with an increase in it the next day most likely indicates ovulation. The basal temperature graph reflects the temperature effect of progesterone and indirectly (but quite accurately) allows you to determine the fact and day of ovulation.

All of these listed signs of ovulation and methods for determining it give only approximate results.
Signs of ovulation, which the doctor states:

How to accurately recognize ovulation? There are methods that help to absolutely determine the moment of ovulation:

Ultrasound monitoring (ultrasound) of the growth and development of the follicle and determining the moment of its rupture (ovulation), see photo. Ultrasound monitoring of follicle maturation is the most accurate method for determining ovulation. After the end of menstruation, approximately on the 7th day of the cycle, the gynecologist performs an ultrasound using a vaginal probe. After that, the procedure should be carried out every 2-3 days, to monitor the preparation of the endometrium. Thus, it is possible to predict the date of ovulation.

Dynamic determination of luteinizing hormone (LH level) in urine. This method is easier and can be done at home using ovulation tests. Ovulation tests begin to be carried out 2 times a day, 5 to 6 days before the expected ovulation, strictly following the instructions.

Ovulation test at home

You can buy an ovulation test. There is no point in resorting to old-fashioned methods when more reliable and less tedious means have been invented to determine the best day for conception. The test is an indicator that reacts to increased content hormones (for simplicity, let's call them "ovulation hormones") in a woman's body. Tests determine the onset of ovulation in saliva and urine.
ultrasound
On the 7th day of the cycle, the doctor, using intravaginal sensors, determines whether the egg is maturing in the current cycle, in which ovary it is located (this is important if, for example, there is a spike in one of the fallopian tubes, then conception can be planned only when the egg matures on the opposite side) when ovulation occurs. Theoretically, this method allows you to plan even the sex of the child. It is assumed that girls are conceived a couple of days before ovulation, and boys are conceived on her very day.

Frautest is used by 53% of respondents,
Evitest - 32%
Clear Blue - 5%
Rest assured - 2%
Know now - 2%
Others - 6%

Frautest for ovulation contains 5 test strips, since that is how many days a woman with a constant menstrual cycle needs to determine the period of an increase in the LH hormone. The best two days for conception start from the moment you determine that the release of the LH hormone has already occurred. If sexual intercourse occurs within the next 48 hours, your chance of getting pregnant will be maximum. The sensitivity of the test is from 30 mIU / ml.

Eviplan High Sensitivity 25mME/ml.
More than 99% accuracy
Result after 5 minutes

The sensitivity of the Clearblue Ovulation Test is 40 mlU/ml.
an increase in the concentration of LH in the blood serum above 40 mIU / ml.

The work of home ovulation tests is based on the definition rapid growth the amount of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the urine. A small amount of LH is always present in the urine, but 24-36 hours before ovulation (the release of an egg from the ovary), its concentration increases dramatically.
Using ovulation tests

What day should you start testing? This day depends on the length of your cycle. The first day of the cycle is the day when menstruation began. Cycle length - the number of days elapsed from the first day of the last menstruation to the first day of the next.

If you have a constant cycle, then you need to start doing tests ~ 17 days before the start of the next menstruation, since the corpus luteum phase after ovulation lasts 12-16 days (on average, usually 14). For example, if the usual length of your cycle is 28 days, then testing should start from the 11th day, and if 35, then from the 18th.

If your cycle length varies - select the shortest cycle in the last 6 months and use its length to calculate the day when to start testing. With very unstable cycles and delays of a month or more, the use of tests without additional monitoring of ovulation and follicles is not reasonable due to their high cost (when using tests every few days, ovulation can be missed, and using these tests every day will not justify itself ).

With daily use or 2 times a day (morning and evening), these tests give good results, especially when combined with ultrasound. With simultaneous monitoring on ultrasound, you can not waste tests, but wait until the follicle reaches about 18-20 mm, when it is able to ovulate. Then you can start doing tests every day.
Performing an ovulation test

You can take an ovulation test at any time of the day, but you should stick to the same test time whenever possible. In this case, you should refrain from urinating for at least 4 hours before the test. Avoid excessive fluid intake before starting testing, as this can lead to a decrease in the amount of LH in the urine and reduce the reliability of the result.

Determination of ovulation using test strips: place the test strip in a jar of urine up to the line indicated on the test for 5 seconds, put it on a clean, dry surface, after 10-20 seconds look at the result.

Determination of ovulation using a test device: Holding the tip of the absorbent pointing down, place it under the urine stream for 5 seconds. You can also collect the urine in a clean, dry dish and place the absorbent in the urine for 20 seconds. Keeping the tip of the absorbent pointing downwards, remove the absorbent from the urine. Now you can put the cap back on. The result can be seen after 3 minutes.
Ovulation test results

Results of determining ovulation by test strip: 1 strip means that the increase in LH has not yet occurred, repeat the test after 24 hours. 2 strips - an increase in the level of LH was recorded, the intensity of the strip next to the control indicates the amount of the hormone. Ovulation is possible with the intensity of the band as in the control or brighter.

Ovulation test results: Look into the result window and compare the result line on the left of the arrow on the wand body with the control line on the right. The line closest to the arrow on the case is the result line, which shows the level of LH in the urine. Further to the right of the arrow on the body of the wand is the control line. The control line is used for comparison with the result line. The control line always appears in the window if the test was performed correctly.

If the result line is paler than the control line, then the LH surge has not yet occurred, and testing should be continued daily. If the result line is the same or darker than the control line, then the release of the ear hormone has occurred, and you will ovulate within 24-36 hours.

The best 2 days for conception start from the moment you determine that the LH surge has already occurred. If sexual intercourse occurs within the next 48 hours, your chance of getting pregnant will be at a maximum. Once you have determined that an outlier has occurred, there is no need to continue testing.

Types of ovulation tests

The most common disposable test strips for determining ovulation, by analogy with pregnancy tests, their price is not high.

There are also devices for determining ovulation, which are gradually replacing expensive one-time tests, they also accurately determine the moment of ovulation, but are also multifunctional and more economical, they do not need to be changed after each use and they are designed for many years of work.

Tests allow you to accurately determine ovulation, experts associate the existing errors in the results of ovulation tests only with their incorrect use.

Thus, by combining several methods to determine the moment of ovulation, it is possible to track the long-awaited ovulation with a 100% guarantee. After all, it is these days that the chance for successful conception the highest: there is ovulation - conception is possible.

Using ovulation data from a basal temperature chart or tests for at least 3 months, you can create an ovulation calendar. The calendar allows you to predict the day of the onset next ovulation thus it is possible to plan conception and pregnancy.
Ovulation and pregnancy

In a woman, the few days before and after the moment of ovulation represent the fertile phase in which conception and pregnancy are most likely.

Different women have a noticeable difference in the timing of ovulation. And even for the same woman, the exact timing of the onset of ovulation fluctuates in different months. Menstrual cycles may be longer or shorter than the average - 14 days, may be irregular. In rare cases, it happens that in women with a very short cycle, ovulation occurs around the end of the period of menstrual bleeding, but still, in most cases, ovulation occurs regularly at the same time.

From the time of conception in relation to the time of ovulation, not only the actual conception of the child, but also its gender depends. Right at the time of ovulation, it is more likely to conceive a girl, while before and after ovulation, a boy is more likely to be conceived.

The probability of conception and pregnancy in general is maximum on the day of ovulation and is estimated at about 33%. A high probability of pregnancy is also noted on the day before ovulation - 31%, two days before it - 27%. Five days before ovulation, the probability of conception and pregnancy is 10%, four days - 14% and three days - 16%. Six days before ovulation and the day after it, the likelihood of conception and pregnancy during sexual intercourse is very small.

If we take into account that the average "lifespan" of spermatozoa is 2-3 days (in rare cases it reaches 5-7 days), and the female egg remains viable for about 12-24 hours, then the maximum duration of the fertile period is 6-9 days and the fertile period corresponds to the phase of a slow increase (6-7 days) and a rapid decline (1-2 days) before and after the day of ovulation, respectively. Ovulation divides the menstrual cycle into two phases: the follicle maturation phase, which, with an average cycle duration, is 10-16 days, and the luteal phase (corpus luteum phase), which is stable, independent of the duration of the menstrual cycle and is 12-16 days. The corpus luteum phase is referred to as the period of absolute infertility, it begins 1-2 days after ovulation and ends with the onset of a new menstruation. If, for one reason or another, ovulation does not occur, the endometrial layer in the uterus is thrown out during menstruation.

ovulation cycle

From the 1st day of menstruation, the follicular, or menstrual, phase begins. During this period, several follicles begin to grow in the ovaries.
From the 7th day until the middle of the cycle, the ovulatory phase lasts. At this time, the main follicle, the Graafian vesicle, stands out. It develops an ovum.
Day 14 of a 28-day cycle is ovulation. On this day of the Graafs, the bubble bursts: a mature egg comes out of it, which, perhaps, will become the beginning of a new life. It is at this point that a woman may feel pain during ovulation. In the days after ovulation, the egg travels to the uterus through the fallopian tube. According to various sources, the egg lives 24-48 hours, but many girls, when asked how long ovulation lasts, answer that they became pregnant up to 5 days after they received positive LH test results.
From the age of 15, the corpus luteum phase begins - this is the period after ovulation and before the start of the next menstruation. The walls of the burst follicle gather like flower petals in the evening, accumulate fats and luteal pigment, which gives them a yellow color. The modified Graafian vesicle is now called the corpus luteum - hence the name of the period.

The cycle changes:

Within one year
after childbirth;
within three months after the abortion;
after 40 years, when the body is preparing for menopause.

Lack of ovulation, or anovulation

Ovulation and pregnancy are closely related, so the absence of the first leads to the inability to have a baby. However, even in a healthy woman, the egg does not mature in every cycle. Two to three cycles per year with anovulation is normal. With age, the number of such periods increases.

But if there are four or more anovulations in a year, consult a doctor. As in cases where a woman has severe pain during ovulation in the lower abdomen, this can be a symptom of endocrine or gynecological diseases.

The absence of ovulation is observed when:

pregnancy;
menopause;
hormonal imbalance;
taking certain medications.

If you want to have a baby, ovulation is stimulated with hormonal drugs. But don't self-medicate. Stimulation should take place under the supervision of an experienced doctor: he will examine, conduct necessary tests and prescribe medications that are right for you.

Types of ovulation:

timely;
premature ovulation;
late.

Causes of premature ovulation

Premature is the release of the egg not in the middle of the menstrual cycle, but earlier. It can happen for various reasons:

Intense sexual intercourse;
physical activity (weight lifting, training in the gym);
stress;
diet;
illness;
hormonal imbalance.

If you have an unstable cycle, it is difficult to talk about premature ovulation, since hormonal system does not work normally.

Please note: even stress can cause premature ovulation. Due to nervous tension, attempts to lose weight, diseases that we do not always even pay attention to, premature ovulation can occur quite often.
Causes of late ovulation

Sometimes due to hormonal disruptions late ovulation may occur. If, in the middle of the cycle, the stomach does not hurt and there are suspicions that you have late ovulation, go through folliculometry - tracking ovulation using ultrasound.

Stimulation of ovulation

Lack of ovulation is one of the common causes of infertility.

Violation of ovulation is due to dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system and can be caused by inflammation of the genitals, dysfunction of the adrenal cortex or thyroid gland, systemic diseases, tumors of the pituitary and hypothalamus, intracranial pressure, stressful situations. Violation of ovulation may be hereditary in nature (first of all, it is a tendency to certain diseases that interfere with ovulation). Anovulation - the absence of ovulation in childbearing age - is manifested by a violation of the rhythm of menstruation by the type of oligomenorrhea (menstruation lasting 1-2 days), amenorrhea, dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Lack of ovulation is always the cause of a woman's infertility.

One of the common causes of infertility is the lack of ovulation, most often due to hormonal imbalance, which, in turn, can occur against the background of stress, brain injury, abortion, etc. To treat this condition, a complex of hormonal drugs is used that stimulates ovulation and causes superovulation, when several eggs mature in the ovaries at the same time, which increases the chances of fertilization, and is widely used in the IVF procedure.

Another cause of infertility may be, for example, luteal phase deficiency - NLF, when ovulation has occurred, and the concentration of progesterone in the second phase of menstruation is insufficient for implantation of the embryo into the uterus. In this case, treatment is carried out aimed at stimulating the function of the corpus luteum of the ovary and increasing the content of progesterone in the blood. However, NLF correction is not always successful, since this condition is often associated with other gynecological diseases and requires thorough examination.

If the process of follicle maturation and, accordingly, ovulation is disturbed in a woman, ovulation is stimulated. For this, special medications are prescribed - ovulation inducers. Prescribing drugs leads to the stimulation of the development of one or more eggs in patients, which will then be ready for fertilization. Before the appointment of such a serious therapy, a whole range of tests is carried out, which allows you to determine the level of hormones in a woman. In addition to the use of ovulation stimulation, regular ultrasound diagnostics are also carried out. After the onset of ovulation, if it is still not possible to become pregnant naturally, the patient is given intrauterine insemination or IVF. There is a big difference in the method of ovulation stimulation for IVF and for natural conception: in the first case, they achieve the maturation of several eggs, in the second - 1, maximum 2x.
Ovulation inducing drugs

The most commonly used drugs to stimulate ovulation are Clostilbegit and gonadotropic hormone preparations.

Preparations of gonadotropic hormones contain hormones of the endocrine gland of the pituitary gland - gonadotropins. These are follicle-stimulating hormone - FSH and luteinizing hormone - LH. These hormones regulate the process of follicle maturation and ovulation in a woman's body and are secreted by the pituitary gland on certain days of the menstrual cycle. Therefore, when prescribing drugs containing these hormones, the follicle matures and ovulation occurs.

These drugs include Menopur (contains FSH hormones and LH) and Gonal-F (contains the hormone FSH).

The drugs are available in injectable form, administered intramuscularly or subcutaneously.
How is ovulation stimulated?

Various ovulation stimulation schemes are used depending on the type of ovulation disorder and the duration of the disorder. When applying the scheme with Klostilbegit, the latter is prescribed from 5 to 9 days of the menstrual cycle. A combination of this drug with gonadotropins is often used. In this case, Klostilbegit is prescribed from days 3 to 7 of the menstrual cycle with the addition of Menopur (Puregon) on certain days.

When stimulating ovulation, important point is to conduct ultrasound monitoring, that is, control of the maturation of the follicle on the ultrasound machine. This allows you to make adjustments to the treatment regimen, in a timely manner to avoid such side effect stimulation as the growth of multiple follicles. The frequency of ultrasound examinations during the treatment program averages 2-3 times. During each examination (monitoring), the number of growing follicles is counted, their diameter is measured and the thickness of the uterine mucosa is determined.

When the leading follicle reaches a diameter of 18 millimeters, the doctor may prescribe the drug Pregnil, which completes the final process of egg maturation and causes ovulation (direct release of the egg from the follicle). Ovulation after the introduction of Pregnyl occurs within 24-36 hours. Depending on the type of marital infertility during the period of ovulation, either intrauterine insemination is performed with the husband's or donor's sperm, or the time of sexual intercourse is calculated.

Depending on the duration and cause of infertility, the age of the woman, the pregnancy rate per attempt is 10-15%.
Conditions for ovulation stimulation:

1. Examination of a married couple.
List of analyzes:
HIV (both spouses)
Syphilis (both spouses)
Hepatitis B (both spouses)
Hepatitis C (both spouses)
Cleanliness smear (female)
Bacteriological crops: chlamydia, mycoplasma, ureaplasma, trichomonas, candida, gardnerella (both spouses)
Pap smear for oncocytology (female)
Conclusion of the therapist on the possibility of carrying a pregnancy
Ultrasound of the mammary glands
A blood test for antibodies to rubella, that is, the presence of immunity (protection) in a woman

2. Passable fallopian tubes.
Since fertilization occurs in the fallopian tube ("Physiology of conception"), an important condition for the onset of pregnancy is passable fallopian tubes. Evaluation of the patency of the fallopian tubes can be carried out by several methods:

Laparoscopy
Transvaginal hydrolaparoscopy
Metrosalpingography

Since each method has its own indications, the choice of method is determined jointly by you and your doctor at the appointment.

3. Absence of intrauterine pathology
Any deviations from the uterine cavity prevent the onset of pregnancy ("Intrauterine pathology"). Therefore, if a woman has indications of trauma to the uterine mucosa (curettage of the uterine cavity during abortions and bleeding, inflammation of the uterine mucosa - endometritis, intrauterine device and other factors), hysteroscopy is recommended to assess the state of the uterine cavity ("Hysteroscopy").

4. Satisfactory sperm quality
Satisfactory quality of sperm is the absence of male factor of infertility. In the event that intrauterine insemination is not planned, a postcoital test (“Postcoital test”) is recommended before ovulation stimulation.

5. Absence of acute inflammatory process
The absence of an acute inflammatory process of any localization. Any inflammatory disease is a contraindication for many diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in medicine, since it carries the risk of worsening the patient's condition.

Stimulation of ovulation with folk remedies

Diagnosis of pregnancy_stimulation of ovulation by folk methods In the modern world, the problem of inability to conceive a child is becoming more and more urgent for a large number of people. According to recent statistical studies, about twenty percent of married couples are infertile, that is, unable to conceive a child within two to three years of marriage. The reasons for this phenomenon can only be identified after a thorough examination of both partners. Similar couples resort to using the most various means, including foreign ones.

Since ancient times, the use of sage has been one of the most effective ways to solve the problem of female infertility. Currently, there is indisputable evidence that this plant contains a huge number of natural hormones, similar in their properties to female sex hormones. The use of sage normalizes the functioning of the female reproductive system, in particular the ovaries. However, it is worth remembering that excessive consumption of sage can harm the body.

To solve the problem of infertility, it is effective to use a decoction and infusion of sage.

* Drink a decoction of the herb of Adam's root. Brew 1 cup boiling water 2 tsp. herbs, insist, wrapped, 2 hours and strain. Drink 1 tbsp. 3-4 times a day.

* Brew 1 cup boiling water 1 tsp. sage herbs and leave for 30 minutes. Drink 1/3 cup 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals. Another way: drink 1 des.l. 2 times a day on an empty stomach and in the evening the juice of a fresh sage plant. The drug should be taken within 12 days immediately after the cessation of menstruation.

* Brew 1 cup boiling water 1 tbsp. plantain seeds, boil over low heat for 5 minutes. and insist 1 hour. Drink 1-2 tbsp. 3-4 times a day 30 minutes before meals. The same recipe is used for male infertility. Course 1-2 months.

* Brew 0.5 l of boiling water 3-4 tbsp. knotweed, insist, wrapped, 4 hours and strain. Drink 1-2 cups 4 times a day 20 minutes before meals.

* Brew 0.5 l of boiling water 3 tbsp. herbs ramishia lopsided and insist in a thermos overnight. Drink 150 ml 3-4 times a day 1 hour after meals. The same plant helps with many female diseases.
To prepare an infusion of sage, you will need the following: One small spoonful of the leaves of the plant, brew a glass of boiling water and wait fifteen minutes. After that, strain through cheesecloth and consume 75-85 grams three times a day, half an hour before meals for eleven days after the end of menstruation. It is recommended to use this treatment for three months, and then you need to pause for two months. You can increase the effect of this method of treatment by adding linden to the infusion of sage, which also contains female sex hormones. Sage juice is also used to combat infertility. It is recommended to take one teaspoon twice a day.
quince juice

Drink a woman 1 tbsp. spoon for 10 days. If there are no results, repeat the course in a week.

Infusion of rose petals

The infusion is used by both men and women. Only for men, dark pink or red petals are needed, and for women, white and pink.

Pour 1 tbsp. a spoonful of petals with a glass of boiling water, leave in a water bath for 15 minutes. Then cool and strain. Take 1 teaspoon before bed for a week. Instead of infusion, you can use ready-made syrup, adding it to tea 1 teaspoon before bedtime. The effect of this remedy is very high due to the vitamin E contained in rose petals.

Decoction of psyllium seeds

This tool should be used by both spouses. Prepare the infusion. For this, 1 tbsp. pour a spoonful of psyllium seeds into a glass cold water, boil over low heat for 3-5 minutes. Let the broth brew for 40 minutes, then strain and cool. Take 1 tbsp. spoon 4 times a day.

Plantain baths for women

Take 50 g of roots and leaves and pour 1 liter of boiling water. Strain and add to bath water. You need to take such baths for 15 days in a row.

Hypericum smoke

Before going to bed, you need to fumigate the bedroom with the smoke of St. John's wort. To do this, take dry plant and set it on fire. Smoke the room and your clothes.
Stimulation of ovulation with folk remedies Aloe. Aloe preparations have long been used in the treatment of infertility. For the preparation of a healing potion, healers recommend using a 5-year-old plant. It should not be watered for 7 days before treatment. After this time, cut the leaves and leave them for 8-10 days in a dark, cool place. After that, remove the thorns and chop the leaves with a sharp knife. Add honey, pork or goose fat, ghee butter, taking each product 6 times more than aloe. The mixture should be taken 2 times a day for 1 tbsp. spoon dissolved in a glass of hot milk. Simultaneously with the intake of aloe, they drink a decoction of plantain seeds (see above).

Mummy. Shilajit preparations are used for male and female infertility, in particular, with a decrease in sexual function and poor-quality semen in men. Mumiye is taken 0.2-0.3 g 1-2 times a day on an empty stomach in the morning and evening before going to bed, mixing it with carrot, sea buckthorn or blueberry juice (in a ratio of 1: 20). The course of treatment is 25–28 days.

It is known that mumiyo in combination with carrot juice (0.5 g mumiyo per 250 ml of juice) enhances male potency and promotes fertility infertile women. The results become noticeable already on the 6-7th day of the treatment course. In some cases, mummy is mixed with yolks chicken eggs and with the juices of some medicinal plants.

In case of infertility, it is useful to eat leeks, hemp seeds fried with salt, drink Fresh Juice wheat grains of milky-wax ripeness (1/2 cup 2-3 times a day 20 minutes before meals).

Healers also recommend that during the entire treatment period, eat a piece of licorice root (the size of a bean) every day, drink alcohol tinctures calamus root, eleutherococcus, ginseng, lemongrass or golden root (if the pressure is not increased and the patient does not suffer from neurasthenia).

Folk remedies to stimulate ovulation are best used only after consulting a doctor.

Ovulation calendar and the most favorable days for conceiving a child

Ovulation is a process during which a mature and fully prepared egg leaves the ovary, enters the abdominal cavity and then goes into the lumen fallopian tube. It is during this period that the probability of conceiving a child is maximum and is estimated at about 33%, which, of course, should be taken into account when calculating the ovulation calendar and planning a woman's upcoming pregnancy. After ovulation, the egg is capable of fertilization (conception) within 12-24 hours, while sperm after ejaculation retain their activity for 2-3 (and much less often 5-7) days. Given this fact, the possibility of a woman getting pregnant the day before ovulation is approximately 31%, two days before it - 27%, and three and four days before ovulation - 16 and 14%, respectively. At the same time, conceiving a child six days before ovulation or the day after it is unlikely and even practically impossible. Ovulation usually occurs between the 14th and 16th days of the menstrual cycle under the influence of estrogens and pituitary hormones.
Ovulation calendar and signs of a favorable period for conceiving a child

One of the most reliable and important signs of the onset of ovulation and a favorable period for conceiving a child are changes in the cervical mucus of a woman. First of all, under the influence of estrogens, there is an increase in the amount of secretions and a decrease in their viscosity. The next, no less important, sign of egg maturation should be considered a decrease in rectal (basal) temperature during ovulation and its increase the next day. At the same time, in order to more accurately calculate the calendar of ovulation and conception, it is recommended to measure the temperature every morning at the same time for several months. Sometimes at the time of ovulation, a woman feels pain in the lower abdomen, the nature of which can vary quite widely from weak and short-term to strong and very long. It should also be noted that during the days of ovulation, some women experience a peak of sexual excitability.

The ovulation and conception calendar is a diagram of the menstrual cycle, which marks the time of its beginning, end, as well as the ovulation itself. Full-fledged calendar management implies the obligatory fixation of periods of active sexual life in it. Drawing up a calendar of ovulation and conception must begin long before pregnancy planning in order to learn how to determine the moment of ovulation as accurately as possible and get acquainted with all the features of your own body.

Ovulation calendar and conception of a child

Depending on the probability of conceiving a child and the time of ovulation, the menstrual cycle (conception calendar) can be conditionally divided into three phases: relative sterility, fertility and absolute sterility. The period of relative sterility begins with the appearance of spotting and ends with ovulation. In this phase, there may be some difficulties with contraception, since its duration sometimes varies within a few days, even with a stable duration of the cycle as a whole. This is due to the fact that periodically, depending on certain factors (external and internal), ovulation occurs a little earlier or vice versa later.

The fertile phase begins at ovulation and ends 48 hours later. At this time, the probability of conceiving a child is as high as possible. As noted above, after leaving the ovary, the egg is capable of fertilization within 12-24 hours, while the remaining half of the time is devoted to the inaccuracy of determining the time of ovulation. Following a period of increased fertility, a woman enters a phase of absolute sterility, during which it is almost impossible to conceive a child. This period continues until the end of the menstrual cycle and is about 10-16 days.
Ovulation calendar and calculation of the period of conception of a child

Most modern women calculate the ovulation and conception calendar in order to bring the long-awaited motherhood closer. Others build a calendar to protect themselves from an unplanned pregnancy. However, no matter what goals they pursue, when calculating the menstrual cycle (and the ovulation calendar in particular) in any way, there is always the possibility of error.

According to the calendar method for calculating ovulation, a woman must record the days of the beginning and end of her menstrual cycles for at least six months. In order to determine your individual fertile period (ovulation and conception calendar) based on these data, you need to subtract 11 (the last fertile day of the cycle) from the number of days of the longest of the cycles, and 18 (the first fertile day) from the number of days of the shortest. So, for example, the longest cycle in a woman is 32 days: 32-11 = 21 (the 21st day of the cycle is the last in the fertile phase). Her shortest cycle is 26 days: 26-18=8 (day 8 is the first in the fertile phase). AT this case the most favorable period for conceiving a child is the period from the 8th to the 21st day of the cycle (13 days in total).

One of the best and most accurate ways to calculate the ovulation calendar and the conception of a child is a combination of the above methods, which is called the symptothermal method. It includes the measurement of basal body temperature, daily monitoring of the state of cervical mucus and the accurate calculation of the ovulation calendar and the favorable period for conceiving a child using the calendar method.

The operation of tests for calculating the ovulation calendar is based on the same principle as for diagnosing pregnancy. When interacting with a woman's urine, two transverse lines appear on it, one of which indicates the normal performance of the test, and the second indicates an increase in the level of luteinizing hormone (LH) and the woman is completely ready to conceive a child. However, if the second line remains paler than the control line for several consecutive cycles, then this may indicate the absence of ovulation due to any disease (thyroid disease and hyperprolactinemia, obesity and malnutrition, polycystic ovary syndrome and infantilism, elevated FSH levels and reduced levels estradiol, chronic stress, etc.) and is the basis for going to the doctor.

Answers to popular questions about ovulation

How many days does ovulation last?

After leaving the follicle, the egg, according to various sources, "lives" 24-48 hours - this is the period of ovulation. Depending on how many days ovulation lasts - one or two - your chances of getting pregnant change.

Ovulation: what day to plan conception?

If you are planning a pregnancy, you need to consider how long ovulation lasts and how long the sperm cell lives. After ovulation, the egg cell lives only one day, and sperm cells - 2-3 days. Based on this, in order to become pregnant, sexual intercourse should occur no earlier than 2-3 days before and no later than 24 hours after ovulation.

How not to get pregnant, knowing when ovulation (cycle day) takes place?

Due to late and premature ovulation, due to the fact that in some men sperm live longer than 7 days, as well as a whole range of other reasons calendar method the same “reliable” method of contraception as coitus interruptus (Pearl index for the calendar method is 14–38.5, and for coitus interruptus is 12–38). Even if your lower abdomen hurts during ovulation and you know exactly when it passes, this will not protect you from unwanted pregnancy.

Is it possible to get pregnant with late or premature ovulation?

Oh sure.

How does an ovulation test work?

In the middle of the menstrual cycle, the level of luteinizing hormone rises. The ovulation test is designed to determine the amount in the urine.

Using the test is easier than measuring your basal temperature every day and drawing an ovulation chart. At clinical trials the test gives a very high level of accuracy - 99%. If you follow the instructions, you can accurately determine the most favorable period for conception. Although some medications may cause incorrect results.

Most often, the test contains 5 strips in sealed packages. In addition to them, in addition, you may need a watch.

As soon as you notice signs of ovulation, such as ovulation pain, take a test to make sure it has gone. How to use an ovulation test is usually indicated on the package. An ovulation test is usually used in the same way as a pregnancy test: collect urine in a clean, dry container and place the test strip there for 5-10 seconds until the indicated mark. In 10 minutes you will know the result.

How much does an ovulation test cost?

An ovulation test, the price of which varies from manufacturer to manufacturer, is usually more expensive than a pregnancy test. If you want to get pregnant, buy an ovulation test: its price is small compared to the fact that you are closer to your dream. A set of five Frautest strips costs about 300 rubles, Eviplan - about the same, OVUPLAN - cheaper, up to 200 rubles.

If you suspect the absence of ovulation or for another reason want to do tests in each cycle, you can purchase a reusable digital test - it costs about 1000 rubles. This is especially useful for premature ovulation or too late.

How to use the basal temperature chart to determine when the egg is released?

What day does ovulation occur? This question is of interest to many women: both those who are not yet ready to replenish the family and are protected from unwanted pregnancy, and those who dream and want to become a mother.

The basal temperature during ovulation rises by 0.3–0.6 ° C, and about a day before it, it drops slightly. By daily measuring the temperature and building a schedule, a woman can know about the onset of ovulation the day before it starts. Determining ovulation by basal temperature is a simple method, but it does not give one hundred percent accuracy.

Basal body temperature rises slightly during ovulation. It must be measured in the morning at the same time, in the supine position, without getting out of bed. You need to use the same thermometer. To measure the temperature, you must enter in anus medical thermometer for 5 minutes. You enter these measurements into the ovulation chart, which marks the days of the menstrual cycle and the temperature.

From the beginning of menstruation to the middle of the cycle - the temperature is below 37 ° C. When the egg matures, the temperature rises by only a few tenths of a degree, but the graph will show a noticeable jump. This is the period of ovulation: a favorable time for conception if you want to have a baby, and the most “dangerous” time if you are not planning to replenish the family yet.

How does the calendar method for determining ovulation work?

To find out when ovulation occurs (on which day of the cycle), count how many days pass from the start of one period to the start of another. Ovulation time is in the middle of the cycle plus or minus two days. That is, if 28 days pass from the first day of menstruation to the onset of the next menstruation, then ovulation occurs on day 14–15. If your cycle is 35 days long, then it occurs on the 17-18th day after the start of menstruation. These days, some women experience pain during ovulation and other symptoms described above.

Is there a way to EXACTLY determine which day you ovulate?

How to determine ovulation with 100% probability? There are two ways.

1. Ultrasound: during the procedure, the size and stage of development of the follicle are determined, and they also calculate when it bursts and an egg is released from it, or ovulation occurs.
2. Blood test for luteinizing hormone: this is a hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. Its level in the body increases significantly before ovulation. The work of pharmacy tests for ovulation is based on the same principle.

Is it possible to get pregnant in the days after ovulation?

After ovulation, the greatest opportunity to become pregnant remains within 24 hours (according to some sources - 36–48 hours). If conception does not occur, the egg dies.

Tell me, please, if ovulation does not occur for a long time, then how can it be caused (with what hormonal preparations)?

Unfortunately, anovulation cannot be cured over the Internet. This should be done by a gynecologist-endocrinologist or a specialist in fruitless marriage after a full examination. Now it is impossible even to outline possible preparations.

Please tell me if the onset of ovulation is possible in the absence of a rise in basal temperature (specific discharge from the cervix is ​​present).

Still, the most reliable sign of ovulation is a decrease, and the next day a persistent rise in basal temperature. The remaining signs (except for ultrasound data of follicle maturation and laparoscopic signs) are not reliable at all.

I now live abroad in an English speaking country. October 14, 1999 I had a miscarriage at 6 weeks. They did a scraping. Anembryony. The reasons are not named, because the doctor did not bother to examine the material. I didn't insist on it then. Since medicine is paid, the doctor does what I ask him to do - there is no initiative on his part. After a miscarriage, she could not get pregnant, she turned to the same doctor. I ask you to understand me correctly, but my husband and I could not find another specialist - this is happening in Africa, in a not very civilized country. The doctor prescribed Clomid. Said it was anovulation. When asked why I couldn’t get pregnant, he replied that I had polycystic ovaries, which he diagnosed WITHOUT ANY TESTS only because I had “scanty periods and hair over upper lip(antennae) and one hair grows on the areola. The diagnosis of polycystic disease was made only on these grounds. I asked him to test me for toxo, ureaplasmosis, herpes, CMV, chlamydia, but there was a refusal and an explanation that we would do these tests if the miscarriage recurs. No hormone tests were done either. I drank Clomid 1 course in March 2000. I measured BT. Ovulation was, there was a delay, but pregnancy did not occur. Quit drinking Clomid. The BT schedule in April and May is two-phase: 36.4 - 37.0-2. It reaches 37.0 either on the 12th (April), or on the 22nd day of the cycle (May). My question is: if the schedule is two-phase, then it may be that there was no ovulation, the egg did not mature? My request: please write in Latin the names of all the tests that I need to pass - hormonal, for infections, for everything. It is difficult to communicate with him in English, and we do not know all the terms. In addition, you may need to submit immunological tests, compatibility test, postcoital test? Just to know how it all sounds in Latin.

Based on your basal body temperature, you are ovulating. The slow rise in temperature may be due to insufficient levels of progesterone, the hormone of the second phase. To be sure whether ovulation has occurred, it is necessary to do an ultrasound in the middle of the cycle (with a 28-day cycle - on the 13-14th day from the onset of menstruation).
In the presence of such a pathology as anembryony, it is necessary to be examined now, without waiting for a repetition of the situation. It is necessary to study the hormonal status (progesterone, estradiol, testosterone, DHEA, prolactin, T3, T4, Thyrotropin). Further, it is desirable to exclude the following infections: herpes simplex virus 1;2, cytomegalovirus, Chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma, ureaplasma. Check the level of antibodies to rubella (antibodies to rubellavirus) and toxoplasmosis (antibodies to toxoplasmosis). It is advisable to check the spermogram of the husband (the semen). Consult a geneticist. If the results of these studies are normal, it is necessary to be examined for antiphospholipid syndrome (antiphospholipid syndrome).

I have monthly irregular delays of up to 6 months. The basal temperature in the first phase of the cycle is 36.5-36.8, then in the middle of the cycle it rises to 37.1, and then drops and keeps 36.5-36.8, to regulate the cycle I take dufaston (the last 3 months) from 10 to 28th day of the cycle. Unfortunately, it seems that ovulation does not occur. Tell me, does this mean that this drug is not suitable for me? What preparations can be advised in this situation? Whether probably at such gorm. violations try to apply in tech. 3 months of hormone contraceptives, and then try to get pregnant on the background of their cancellation?

You should see a doctor, because. hormonal treatment"on the phone" is extremely unreasonable.

I’ve been trying to get pregnant for quite a long time. The doctor, having found nothing from me, said that after a sudden cessation of taking birth control pills, the possibility of getting pregnant increases dramatically. Which she advised me to do, drink them for 2-3 months, and then stop abruptly. Indeed, after all, many instructions for such pills say that after stopping the cycle, it becomes irregular for a while, and that ovulation may not be for a long time? Thank you very much.

Indeed, there is such a method of stimulating ovulation as taking hormonal contraceptives. Within 2-3 months after their cancellation, the likelihood of ovulation increases.

What hormones does a woman's body produce during a cycle, and how do they affect her well-being and behavior?

In the first half of the cycle, estrogen hormones predominate in the body of a woman. These are classic female sex hormones, they provide, among other things, good health, memory, concentration. Their level gradually increases, during ovulation, the release of a mature egg from the ovary - there is a sharp release of several hormones, including estrogen, which changes behavior, setting the body for conception (because after maturation, the egg has only 24 hours for fertilization, after that she dies). Therefore, at this time, an increase in activity, sexual desire is possible. After ovulation, the body prepares for a possible pregnancy, the hormone progesterone (pregnancy hormone) predominates, a “pseudo-pregnancy” state sets in - calmness, drowsiness, decreased activity, and a slight decrease in concentration. There may be a slight increase in body weight, fluid retention (edema), engorgement of the mammary glands. At the end of the cycle, when the body realizes that pregnancy has not occurred, the level of all hormones drops sharply, and menstruation begins in response to this decline. Menstruation is "crying for a dead egg." Due to a deficiency of hormones, irritability may increase, insomnia, anger may appear, and appetite may change. Existing diseases may worsen. With the onset of menstruation, as a rule, everything goes away, because estrogens begin to form again, and the body prepares for a new ovulation. It is believed that such constant fluctuations in hormones during the cycle will not be harmless to the body. After all, nature conceived a woman for pregnancy, feeding and childbirth. And at the dawn of mankind, everything was exactly like that. Immediately after the start of menstruation, several cycles passed without ovulation, then the girl got married, became pregnant for several cycles (9 months), then breastfed for 1.5-2 years (at this time ovulation rarely occurs), then several cycles again pregnancy and so until the end of life. A woman had 20-30 cycles in her life. And at modern woman 300-400. This is not a natural situation at all. Such fluctuations in hormones are risk factors for the development of cancer of the ovaries, breast, endometrium (uterine mucosa). Mood swings affect the state nervous system. To exclude hormonal ups and downs, to create a long-term state of "pseudo-pregnancy", protective for the mammary glands and other organs of the female body, I use hormonal contraceptive pills. They keep hormones at a constant low level and, with long-term use, not only provide 100% contraception, but also protection against cancer. A specialist should select a specific drug, taking into account the individual characteristics of your body.

I need to undergo an ultrasound in the preovulatory cycle. My cycle is 29-31 days. I read that ovulation occurs about 14 days before the onset of menstruation, and the doctor said that everyone, regardless of the length of the cycle, ovulates ON the 14th day. Can you tell me when should I have this ultrasound?

Ovulation occurs 14 days before the next period.

I am 31 years old, did not give birth, had an abortion 7 years ago. Cycle 32 days, stable. On the 17th day of the cycle there were light bloody discharges. On the 19th day after the sexual intercourse, there was just a wild pain in the lower abdomen, it gave off in the ass. passage. It took about three hours, but the stomach swelled up, the pain could not be touched, but more like intestinal pain, it gave into the ribs, so all night. On another day in the DNA center, on a chair during palpation, they did not recognize problems in the female part, and the ultrasound showed: av. led away. up to 52x46mm, structure of increased echogenicity along the upper pole, echogenic formation 13x14mm (thrombus), about 50 mg of free liquid in the n.pelvis. The doctor prescribed suppositories with indomethaxin and ice on the stomach, said that the swelling would go away by itself, there would be nausea. For two days I had bloating and a pace of 37.4, then it went away. Help, please, tell me:

1) Is this treatment normal, why haven't they prescribed any antibiotics against inflammation?

2) what are the reasons?

3) how dangerous is it, what is this phenomenon in general, how can it affect the reproductive function?

4) how to avoid this in the future, what tests should be taken? Whether to address to the endocrinologist?

3. Most likely, this is how ovulation went - the rupture of the follicle with a mature egg. This is
not quite normal, and if this is not a one-time occurrence, but a recurring one, then it is called “median pelvic pain syndrome, ovulatory syndrome) and it is treated.

It does not directly affect the reproductive function. vice versa. is a sign of egg maturation, but requires treatment, because. the reasons that caused it can also cause miscarriage.

2. Causes: a violation of the exchange of some biologically active substances, hormonal disorders.

1. They did not prescribe antibiotics, because during the gynecological examination they did not find signs of inflammation of the appendages.

4. Yes, you need to contact a specialist.

I had an ovarian apoplexy 2 years ago (the ovary was taken in). The rupture occurred in the corpus luteum. They explained to me that the corpus luteum was on a large blood vessel. Prior to this, there was no inflammatory process. Explain why this might have happened and whether there may be pain at the operation site when the weather changes.

Every month, an egg is produced in the ovary. From a small germ, it gradually grows, a follicle is formed. By the time of ovulation, the release of the egg from the follicle reaches up to 2.5 cm in size (a fairly large formation). In order for the egg to be released and go towards the sperm, the follicle membranes are torn. the egg is released. And in place of the follicle, a corpus luteum is formed. A rupture of the follicle is understood as a real rupture, i.e. violation of the integrity of the ovary. At the site of the rupture, hemorrhage occurs, but usually it is small and the rupture itself heals quickly. sometimes, for various reasons, the gap may be too large, affecting a large blood vessel, which is accompanied by bleeding into the abdominal cavity - this is ovarian apoplexy. Any surgical intervention, and in your case it was categorically impossible to avoid it, because. was a threat to life, carries the danger of an inflammatory process and, as a result, the development of adhesions. probably just adhesive process gives soreness, unless, of course, real inflammation of the appendages is excluded. Pain can also occur during ovulation, this is normal.

I have PCOS. A therapeutic laparoscopy was performed. I am currently ovulating. I measure my basal temperature. In 14 days I have a rise to 37.1 - 37.2, this temperature remains until the onset of menstruation. My cycle is 31 days, sometimes more. On the ultrasound performed on the 11th day of the cycle, I have many small follicles in the ovaries, the largest 10 - 11 mm; endometrial thickness 5.6 mm. Can these follicles together give the same rise in temperature as during ovulation?

No, the rise in basal temperature is associated with ovulation. You may not have measured it correctly. The measurement is taken in the morning before getting out of bed, for 5 minutes

Please answer, what happens to the basal temperature during ovulation? How many days should she stay elevated? And most importantly, how can you determine the anovulation cycle or the presence of ovulation at home, because I did not find specific data on determining such data on the site.

An explanation of what should be the normal basal temperature for ovulatory cycle I will give an example of a 28-day menstrual cycle. In the first phase of the cycle, i.e. from the first day of menstruation to ovulation, the temperature should fluctuate between 36.4 - 36.8. On the day of ovulation, the temperature drops sharply down to 36.0 degrees and the next day rises above 37. degrees, but not higher than 37.3. At this level, it lasts 14 days (the duration of the second phase of the cycle is the same with different cycle lengths). On the day of ovulation, the temperature drops to 36.4 -36.8. If the temperature stays above 37.0 degrees for more than 16 days, pregnancy should be assumed. With an anovulatory cycle, the basal temperature does not rise above 37.0 degrees Celsius.

I had a transvaginal ultrasound on the 14th day of the menstrual cycle with a cycle length of 25 days, and I give the results below. Uterus: regular shape, smooth contours. The dimensions of the body of the uterus: longitudinal - 48, transverse 46, anterior - posterior - 36. The structure of the myometrium is homogeneous, cervical canal 1.5-2 mm, contains fluid, around a hyperechoic zone with a hypoechoic rim. The uterine cavity - without features. Endometrium - 8mm. Right ovaries: 33x22 mm in size. Structure of the ovary: an echo-negative formation with an uneven contour (collapsed follicle) 16x12mm, maximum follicle - 7mm is located. Left: 35x19 mm in size. Structure of the ovary: the maximum follicle is 12 mm. Additional information: A free fluid of about 9 cubic centimeters is located in the posterior fornix. Could you explain to me: 1) Did I ovulate and what is meant by a “collapsed follicle” corpus luteum or reverse development of the follicle. 2) Strange follicle size in left ovary, too big? 3) Is the thickness of the endometrium sufficient for implantation? Regarding the thickness of the endometrium. Is everything very bad? And what can be done to fix it?

It all depends on the structure of the endometrium (in different phases of the menstrual cycle, it is different). Most likely, the thickness of the endometrium described by you with the indicated sizes of the uterus is the norm. 1. Judging by the ultrasound picture you described, you have ovulated, with the reverse development of the follicle, a corpus luteum is formed and if pregnancy does not occur, then it regresses. The size of the follicle - 7 mm in the right and 12 mm - in the left ovary is not large, but small in order to be dominant, i.e. - for ovulation. 2. The follicle in the left ovary is of normal size (maximum possible up to 14 mm). The thickness of the endometrium, in my opinion, is too small for the 2nd phase of the cycle and even more so for implantation. 3. To characterize the endometrium, it is necessary to know not only its thickness, but also its structure.