Damage to tooth enamel what to do. How to restore tooth enamel at home? Dental and folk methods. Causes of damage to tooth enamel

Many people are faced with changes in the enamel coating of the tooth. How to restore tooth enamel at home, is it possible to strengthen it to eliminate cracks, abrasion and chips? Let's try to figure it out.

Enamel protects dentin and pulp from the pathogenic effects of microflora and other irritants. The downside is that it is not able to restore the structure on its own.

If an injury has occurred, or a carious process has arisen, which has led to a violation of the integrity of the dental coating, then the microorganisms that have penetrated deep into the tooth destroy the dentin layer, moving towards the pulp chamber.

Tooth enamel composition

Enamel covered visible part tooth, thanks to her internal structures are reliably protected from external influence... As part of a large number of inorganics (up to 97%), as well as the smallest amount of water, therefore the covering dental tissue is the hardest substance in the body.

It contains various components.

Calcium hydroxyapatite - up to 75%.
Water - 2-3%.
Minerals and chemical elements such as phosphorus, fluorine, magnesium.
Organic matter - 1-2%.

Normally, enamel is located on all surfaces of the tooth. It reaches its maximum thickness in the area of the bumps, where the enamel layer is 2 mm. The thinnest area is in the area of the tooth neck, where it gradually becomes thinner and becomes the cement covering the root.

Causes of destruction

Age-related physiological abrasion of enamel occurs in the elderly, because throughout life, teeth have to withstand the stresses associated with chewing and grinding food every day.

In young people, the damaged structure of the enamel looks like cracks or. Initially, this condition does not bring discomfort, however, over time, the exposed areas of dentin begin to react sharply to all kinds of stimuli, making eating more difficult.

Why is the enamel destroyed? This is influenced by the following factors:

heredity - the enamel layer in some people is thicker, so it is more difficult to destroy;
bad habits - when a person often gnaws pencils, nails, bites seeds or nuts, tears off the thread, then depressions or chips form on the surface of the teeth;
loss of teeth - when there are voids in a row, the load is distributed unevenly, which is why an increased force acts on some teeth;
endocrine disorders - diseases that disrupt metabolism, negatively affect both the entire body and the state of the tooth enamel;
malnutrition - the intake of calcium, fluorine and other elements in small quantities leads to the destruction of the crystal lattice;
hygiene items - hard toothbrush bristles (?) and highly abrasive pastes mechanically destroy the enamel surface;
acid - overuse citrus fruits, work in hazardous production, and frequent vomiting- all this causes erosion on the teeth.

Restoration of tooth enamel: dental methods

In the arsenal of dentists there are several methods for restoring the enamel layer:

fluoridation - application of preparations containing fluoride compounds to the tooth surface. With the standard method, the tooth is systematically coated with a fluoride substance, while fluoride does not penetrate into the depth of the enamel, but only accumulates on the surface. Deep fluoridation involves the alternate use of gels containing fluorine particles, as well as calcium;
remineralization is a method of strengthening the enamel structure based on the application of phosphorus and calcium preparations, as well as some vitamins. The disadvantage is the duration of the course of treatment;
filling - standard dental method elimination of defects. For reliable adhesion to the enamel, it is preferable to apply fillings made of photocurable materials;
enamel implantation is a new way in dentistry to restore the dental structure by implanting a biocomposition, while the fusion of enamel prisms and foreign matter occurs at the molecular level. Distinctive feature technique is that artificial enamel on external parameters indistinguishable from natural.
dental onlays - the use of veneers and lumineers allows you to achieve an excellent cosmetic effect, practically. During veneering, a small enamel layer is removed, and the ceramic onlay is fixed to the outer surface of the tooth. Lumineers are the finest ceramics, so there is no need to grind teeth for their use.

You should always try to preserve the natural structure of the tooth as much as possible and restore it using the listed methods.

How to restore tooth enamel at home?

It is almost impossible to restore the lost integrity of the enamel on your own, because the enamel does not have regenerative abilities, however, it is possible to carry out high-quality prevention and strengthen the enamel layer at the initial stages of destruction using folk methods and recipes.

balanced diet- the use of vitamins, vegetables, fruits, dairy products and meat enriches the dental structure essential components making the enamel stronger;
gum massage - provokes increased blood flow in soft tissues, which improves the nutrition of the tooth and improves its structure. It is carried out daily 2-3 times. Clean fingertips are placed on the gums and movements are performed in a circle;
suitable Toothbrush- an important helper on the way to healthy enamel. It must be soft enough so as not to cause abrasion of the teeth when;
strengthening toothpastes - variety hygiene products allows you to select a paste containing fluorine ions, as well as calcium and phosphorus. For a greater effect, it is permissible to leave it on the teeth for a couple of minutes, which will allow the enamel to absorb the necessary trace elements.

It is not worthwhile to independently use professional gels and liquids for remineralization at home without a clear explanation from the dentist, since uncontrolled use of drugs can harm the body, in particular the use of fluoride solutions, which can cause poisoning with an increase in the estimated dosage.

What should be done to strengthen the enamel?

In addition to treating decayed teeth, the best preventive measure is a complete and balanced diet, which will strengthen the structure of the enamel layer and protect against future problems with it. A healthy menu for the teeth should contain the full range of macro- and micronutrients.

Dairy products - kefir, milk and fermented baked milk contain a large amount of fluoride and calcium, which has a beneficial effect on the strength of the enamel.
Rough food - carrots, apples, raw vegetables not only saturate the body with vitamins, but also help self-cleaning the tooth surface, thereby protecting teeth from plaque and microbial effects.
Eggs - the vitamin D contained in them has a beneficial effect on the bone structure.
Fish and meat - enrich the body with protein, which gives the body strength to fight against pathogenic microflora, and the phosphorus contained in fish is embedded in the structure of the crystal lattice, restoring tooth enamel.

If you want to get a snow-white smile, then you can read the article on how to whiten your teeth at home without harming the enamel -. The most effective whitening techniques are listed.

Video: how to restore tooth enamel? School of Health.

If you examine all the tissues in human body, it turns out that tooth enamel is the most durable and strongest of them. And this is not surprising, because it is to her share that the most huge pressure... Enamel is the first to encounter the active substances contained in food and beverages, it is subjected to daily friction when chewing food.

Over time, the enamel becomes thinner, and due to metabolic disorders in the body, it becomes loose and gradually collapses. To stop destructive processes, dentists are developing new means to strengthen and restore it.

Can enamel be restored at home?

In general, the following factors affect the thinning of tooth enamel:

improper metabolism;
disturbed alkaline balance of saliva;
natural abrasion (or due to excessive clenching of the jaws).

The enamel does not deteriorate instantly. This usually happens due to improper nutrition and, as a result, a lack of fluoride and calcium in the body. For violations alkaline balance saliva, more acids settle on the surface of the tooth, which also softens the enamel.

You can prevent thinning at home by initial stage... As a rule, at this stage painful sensations no teeth, but they can slightly react to hot or cold foods, sweets.

The main measure for the prevention and restoration of the protective layer is to establish the correct metabolism by revising the nutrition system and including a complex of vitamins in the diet. In addition, it is advisable to replace the usual toothpaste specialized. However, it is unlikely that it will be possible to reverse the processes that have begun. If the destruction has already begun, it can only be suspended, slowed down.

Restoration of tooth enamel at the dentist

Modern technologies make it possible to restore enamel even in the most advanced cases. Based on the fruits of scientific development, you can choose one of two main methods of treatment. Among them:

regeneration of your own tissue;
implantation of pieces of artificial enamel on the tooth;
installation of veneers.

In the first case, specialized solutions (varnishes) are used, which transfer the active substances to the tooth. As a result, a new protective layer forms on the surface. The varnish is applied directly to the tooth or poured into a dental mouthguard for longer contact with the damaged area. A similar method works fine for early stages destruction.

An effective and absolutely painless method of restoring tooth enamel, which has been erased almost to the ground, is the implantation of the so-called artificial enamel. A plastic substance similar in composition to real enamel is applied in small pieces to the tooth.

If the enamel has worn off to zero, veneers will help. They are composite plates that follow the shape of the tooth in healthy condition... Veneers are a relatively new dental development, which, however, has managed to gain universal acceptance. The main advantage of veneers is their resistance to alkalis and acids. They effectively protect the tooth from decay and give a dazzling smile.

Recovery enamels teeth... The topic of this article will be of interest not only to people who have already comprehended the problem of tooth decay. enamels, but also to those who want to prevent it.

Remineralization of tooth enamel is a dental procedure for restoring the disturbed balance of mineral components of the crystal lattice of tooth enamel to increase its strength, protect it from external damaging factors and prevent diseases of the teeth and gums.

Restoration of tooth enamel at home is possible only if the enamel is slightly destroyed.

Tooth enamel is the hardest tissue in the human body, which is due to high content in it (up to 95%) inorganic substances, while organic matter make up only 1.2% of the weight.
The organic enamel matrix is a macro-molecular complex formed by a fibrillar proteid and a calcium-binding protein with the participation of calcium ions and polar lipids. This complex has a high affinity for the mineral phase, serves as an initiator of the calcification process, regulating crystal growth by selective binding of calcium ions and acting as a kind of buffer system.
The mineral base of tooth enamel is represented by hexagonal crystals of hydroxy-, carbonate-, chloro-, fluorapatites. Less than 2% of the weight of mature enamel is non-apatite forms, which are traces of the mineral present during the development of the tooth, as well as the result of a violation of mineralization after its eruption.
The main mineral components of which apatite crystals are built are calcium (33-39%) and phosphates (16-18%), the ratio of which in enamel is on average 1.67. The concentration of these substances decreases from the surface layer, the most mineralized, to deeper layers. The mineralization of individual sections of the tooth crown also differs: the chewing surfaces are the most mineralized, the gingival areas of all teeth and fissures are the least mineralized.

Is recovering whether dental enamel? If we talk about the ability enamels to self-healing, then this does not happen, no matter how we would like.

Enamel restoration is a complex remineralization process.

The implementation of the enamel remineralization process is possible due to the properties possessed by hydroxyapatite crystals. Enamel behaves like a porous membrane, and small ions penetrate into the depth more easily than large molecules, which are adsorbed on the surface and can be desorbed without changing the shape of the crystals.

In apatite, up to a third of the ions can be exchanged. So, calcium ions can be replaced by ions of sodium, silicon, strontium, lead, cadmium, hydronium and other cations. Hydroxyl ions can be exchanged for fluorine, chlorine and others.

The permeability of different anatomical parts of the tooth is not the same due to the heterogeneity of the structure. The greatest permeability is observed in the cervical area of enamel, pits, fissures. Different permeability is observed in different layers of enamel: the middle layers are more permeable than the subsurface, the least permeable are the surface layers. With age, the rate and depth of penetration of substances into the enamel decreases, probably due to the compaction of the crystal lattice.

REMINERALIZATION OF TOOTH ENAMEL (RESTORATION OF ENAMEL)

To restore the enamel of the teeth, the creation of effective means impact on her.

The surface layer of enamel differs from deep enamel in greater mineralization, density, microhardness, resistance to caries, a higher content of microelements, including fluoride. The surface layer of the enamel is less susceptible to the action of acids than its inner parts.

Remineralization- partial restoration of the density of damaged enamel, which is similar to the mineralization of immature teeth. Their difference is that in the first case, due to the previous carious attack, the diffusion channels are filled with minerals coming from the subsurface layer. The result of this is the impossibility of the penetration of ions from remineralizing solutions into the deep layers of enamel and hypomineralized areas, while during the maturation of teeth after eruption, this process occurs.

Diffusion of calcium, phosphate and fluorine ions into enamel has its own characteristics, which can be caused by a difference in the surface potential of the outer enamel or in the charges of calcium and phosphate ions.

Impact on chemical composition Tooth enamel is important both during the formation, development and mineralization of teeth, and during the eruption and maturation of enamel. Taking into account the timing of eruption, it is advisable to start remineralizing therapy at the age of 6, which makes it possible to increase the resistance of the enamel, and the first stage of this process should be the enrichment of the enamel with calcium and phosphates, followed by the introduction of fluoride preparations, which reduce the permeability of the enamel.

V natural conditions the source of calcium, phosphorus and fluorides for enamel is the oral fluid, which is oversaturated in relation to almost all forms of calcium phosphate. Mature enamel can absorb fluoride ions even in such low concentrations which are present in the oral fluid. The remineralizing potential of saliva allows stopping caries in the white spot in 50% of cases. Therefore, it is necessary to resort to the action of various remineralizing agents, which should not only replenish the defects in the crystal lattice of the enamel that were present or that appeared during a carious attack, but also increase its resistance.

According to most researchers, remineralizing drugs should include various substances that increase the enamel resistance: calcium, phosphorus, fluorides, strontium, zinc, etc.

Fluorine and phosphorus have strong caries-static properties; cariogenic substances include selenium, cadmium, magnesium, lead (Navia, 1972).

An important role in the remineralization of enamel is given to phosphorus preparations, which increase the ion-selective properties of the enamel, change its adsorption capabilities, and favor the intake of fluoride into the enamel. It is assumed that remineralization with solutions with a calcium concentration of 1 mM stimulates predominantly the growth of crystals, and with a concentration of 3 mM causes, in addition to growth, nucleation, which limits the size of crystals and reduces the blockage of microspaces of the surface layer, which prevents remineralization in deeper layers.

The effectiveness of remineralization can be judged by the stabilization or disappearance of white spots of the enamel, a decrease in the growth of dental caries. Under the influence of these drugs, an intensive formation of calcium fluoride crystals of various degrees of crystallization and shape occurs, as a result of which a film is formed with a thickness of a fraction of a micrometer, covering the entire area of focal demineralization and very strongly associated with the enamel matrix. It is assumed that during re-mineralization, not a structural, but a sorption bond of calcium arises, which can later serve as a source for the entry of calcium ions into the defective crystal lattice of apatite in demineralized enamel.

ENAMEL RECOVERY METHODS

What does it offer modern dentistry to restore tooth enamel? There are two methods for restoring tooth enamel. First, it is the restoration of the structure of the outer layer of the teeth by returning the missing ions of calcium, fluoride and other components. Secondly, use artificial (filling) materials.

The most widespread therapeutic and prophylactic means for the restoration of missing inov in the enamel of teeth are fluoride-containing toothpastes. These pastes are recommended for children and adults for the prevention of dental caries.

Sodium and tin fluorides, monofluorophosphate, sodium fluoride acidified with phosphates are introduced into the toothpastes as anti-caries additives, and in recent times and organic compounds fluorine (aminofluorides).

Fluorides increase the resistance of teeth to acids formed by plaque microorganisms, enhance enamel remineralization and inhibit the metabolism of plaque microorganisms. It has been established that an indispensable condition for the prevention of caries is the presence of an active (unbound) fluoride ion.

Toothpastes for adults contain from 0.11% to 0.76% sodium fluoride or from 0.38% to 1.14% sodium monofluorophosphate. In the composition of children's toothpastes, fluoride compounds are in smaller quantities (up to 0.023%). The combination of sodium fluoride and calcium and silicon-containing abrasives in some toothpastes is a special Fluoristat system.

To reduce the amount of plaque and inhibit the growth of tartar crystals, toothpastes include components such as triclosan, which has an antibacterial effect on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and a copolymer, which promotes the prolonged action of triclosan for 12 hours after brushing. teeth. The flow of fluoride into the tooth enamel increases its resistance to acid demineralization due to the formation of structures that are more resistant to dissolution. Pastes containing potassium, sodium phosphates, calcium and sodium glycerophosphates, calcium gluconate, zinc oxide, have a pronounced anti-carious effect. A similar effect has toothpastes containing chitin and chitosan derivatives, which have an affinity for proteins and are able to inhibit the adsorption of Streptococcus mutans, mitis, sanguis on the surface of hydroxyapatite. The components that make up some toothpastes, such as remodent 3%, calcium glycerophosphate 0.13%, synthetic hydroxyapatite (from 2% to 17%) help to reduce the increased sensitivity of the enamel by closing the entrance openings of the dentinal tubules.

The use of medicated toothpastes is simple and accessible form prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases. Biologically active substances are introduced into their composition: enzymes, vitamins, trace elements, salts, antiseptics, medicinal herbs.

Local fluoridation of teeth with fluoride solutions and varnishes. Fluorides strengthen the enamel of the teeth, increase the resistance of the enamel to impact acidic environment, inhibit the metabolism of bacteria.

There are the following methods of fluoridation:

Express method- a one-time imposition on teeth (for 5-10 minutes) of special disposable aligners filled with fluoride gel in a dental clinic.
Kappa method- production of individual reusable mouth guards for patients, with the help of which he can independently carry out the procedure for fluoridation of tooth enamel at home. To do this, the tray is filled with fluoride gel and left on the teeth for a period of time specified by the doctor. Sometimes these mouthguards are even worn all night long.
The method of coating tooth enamel with fluoride varnish to reduce the sensitivity of the teeth and increase their protective properties. It is used for minor damage to the enamel of one or more teeth.

After carrying out any of the above procedures, you must refrain from eating and drinking for several hours. Most often, to increase the efficiency of enamel fluoridation, the dentist prescribes a combination of two or more methods of remineralizing therapy. Full recovery protective properties of tooth enamel and a decrease in the level of sensitivity of teeth does not occur immediately, but after a short period of time after the end of the course of procedures for fluoridation of tooth enamel.

The enamel implantation method (developed in Australia) is the latest technique restoration of tooth enamel. Using this method, it is possible to achieve occlusion correction, change the color, shape of the teeth, protect the enamel of the teeth with increased sensitivity... When implanting enamel, materials are used that are as close as possible to dental tissue. The connection between the implant and the dental tissue occurs at the cellular-molecular level, which allows you to maintain the result for almost the whole life.

Antibacterial and regenerative properties human saliva have been known for a long time, but what to do if saliva does not fulfill its functions and the enamel is gradually destroyed? The use of special medicinal toothpastes, rinses, gels and other preparations containing such important minerals for teeth as phosphorus, fluoride and calcium can help the enamel to recover. And to restore the natural properties of saliva, it is recommended to consume a large amount of water, eat right and take vitamin and mineral complexes that compensate for the lack of nutrients in the body. Of course, these days, covering teeth with enamel is not at all problematic, but no amount of artificial enamel can compensate for the damage done to the teeth.

It is possible to carry out procedures remineralizing tooth enamel at home. To do this, it is enough to strictly observe hygiene. oral cavity, brush your teeth twice a day using classic and healing toothpastes. In addition, most mouth rinses (which must also be used regularly) contain minerals that strengthen both teeth and gums. That is why rinses are most often recommended to be kept in the mouth for half a minute or a minute - during this time useful material penetrate the tooth surface. But home procedures only complement professional remineralization, so it is necessary to consult a dentist.

For cleaning your teeth, you can use specialized toothpastes containing fluoride and calcium. In the process of brushing your teeth, the paste should be left in the mouth for a few minutes to absorb the minerals.

It helps to regularly massage the gums in order to increase blood circulation, which improves the nutrition of the tissues surrounding the tooth.

From all that has been said, we can understand that on our own we can restore tooth enamel only partially, adhering to oral hygiene and using prophylactic toothpastes with fluoride and calcium. It is necessary to compensate for the deficiency of minerals and microelements important for tooth enamel. It is more effective at the initial stage of enamel destruction, as well as for the prevention of caries.

Restoration of tooth enamel with folk remedies

Restoration of tooth enamel with folk remedies is very popular and effective. And this is not surprising, since a snow-white smile and healthy strong teeth are the dignity of any person. When restoring tooth enamel with folk remedies, do not forget that the enamel is easy to damage, and it will not be restored without your or professional dental care... I use traditional medicine methods, take your time, as the rush and desire to see the result faster will only harm the recovery procedure.

Let's look at the methods and recipes that allow you to restore tooth enamel using folk methods.

Most radical way tooth enamel restoration is a procedure using white pulp from lemon peel. The method is effective, but it should not be overused. Gather the soft white skin and chew it or rub its teeth. It is recommended to carry out the procedure up to 7 days, it all depends on the degree of damage to the enamel.
For recovery and whitening is often used baking soda... But it is recommended to use this tool no more than 1 time a week, since the substance is highly abrasive.
Folk remedies recommend restoring tooth enamel and using activated carbon... For cooking medicinal mixture, mix a couple of crushed charcoal tablets with water. You should have a thin gruel that needs to be brushed every three days.
A quick folk remedy for restoring tooth enamel is hydrogen peroxide. But there is a danger of using this method, since after peroxide the density of the tooth enamel suffers greatly.
Fruits and vegetables do a good job of recovering, such as strawberries and strawberries. Rinse the berries thoroughly, mash them and apply on your teeth, hold for a couple of minutes. After this procedure, the teeth must be gently brushed with toothpaste.
Another folk remedy for restoring and strengthening tooth enamel is milk. Also, oil is perfect for these purposes. tea tree By the way, funds based on it are considered the most effective in recovery. Take a glass of water and add a couple of drops of oil to it, rinse your mouth with this mixture. This will strengthen and restore the enamel, destroy harmful bacteria and get rid of bad smell from mouth. And regular use of this method will protect teeth from periodontal disease and caries, prevent gum inflammation.

Remember that preventing dental disease and keeping your mouth clean is much more effective than curing. Watch the health of your teeth, give up carbonated drinks, coffee and sugary water with dyes. Rinse your mouth regularly after meals and do not drink too cold or hot drinks. Remember to visit your dentist.

Tooth enamel is the hardest and strongest surface layer of the tooth. Its function is to protect its tissues from chemical or physical influences.

Almost entirely it consists of minerals (97%), in particular, hydroxyapatite ( most of), carbonate of apatite, chlorapatite, fluorine apatite, magnesium carbonate. A large volume belongs to calcium (35%) and phosphorus (17%). The percentage of minerals in the enamel can vary depending on the person's nutrition, lifestyle, age, environmental conditions.

When tooth enamel is damaged, it invariably leads to tooth decay and destruction of the deeper tissues of the tooth.

Is tooth enamel restored? If we talk about the ability of enamel to heal itself, then this does not happen, no matter how we would like. We can restore it only artificially, using various methods of dentistry. And I will tell you exactly how the restoration of tooth enamel (regeneration) by artificial methods is carried out on www ..

Factors that destroy enamel

There can be a lot of reasons that destroy tooth enamel. It can be both external mechanical damage and destruction from the inside: there is a lack of minerals in the enamel due to their washing out (demineralization occurs). Quick loss necessary elements and their insufficient intake with food leads to the destruction of the protective enamel shell.

This, as a rule, is facilitated by insufficient, excessive rigidity of the toothbrush, love of sour or sweet food, poor condition of the stomach and intestines, metabolic disorders, etc. There is evidence that frequent use of citrus juice during the day can lead to "dissolution" of enamel ... It is also not harmless in this regard, the use of many modern tonic drinks.

What does modern dentistry offer to restore tooth enamel?

Tooth enamel restoration methods

Dentists offer us two methods. First, we can restore the missing ions of calcium, fluoride and other components in the structure of the outer layer of the teeth. Secondly, use artificial materials.

In the first case, agents for enamel fluoridation are topically applied: fluorinated liquids, gels, varnishes. They strengthen the tooth enamel, make it more resistant to adverse factors and inhibit the vital activity of bacteria.

For this, applications on teeth are widespread: a gel (liquid) containing fluoride and others is placed in a ready-made mouthguard (or an individually made impression). necessary substances, then it is put on the teeth. With prolonged contact of the medicinal substance with the surface of the teeth (it is usually recommended to put it overnight), the enamel regenerates: ions of fluoride, calcium, etc. naturally fill up empty spaces in its crystal lattices.

Instead of applique, you can use a special varnish with the same effect. It is applied with a brush to the surface of the teeth.

In the second case, a special substance is used to restore tooth enamel - amorphous calcium phosphate. After the treatment of damaged enamel, a reaction occurs in which calcium phosphate is converted into hard apatite, which is very similar in structure to tooth enamel. As a result, the local defect is eliminated, the sensitivity of the teeth decreases, their surface becomes denser and smoother. From a cosmetic point of view, the teeth become more beautiful.

Enamel implantation

It is worth mentioning one new method of tooth surface regeneration - enamel implantation. It is used to repair large damaged areas of enamel or to achieve a cosmetic effect.

Using this method, the bite is corrected, the shape and color of the teeth are changed, and especially sensitive teeth are protected. Apply to teeth by a specialist special composition very similar to tooth enamel.

The implant connects to the dental tissue at the molecular level. Therefore, artificial tooth enamel long time capable of performing protective functions natural enamel.

Self-restoration of tooth enamel

From all that has been said, it can be understood that on our own we can restore tooth enamel only in part, adhering to the first method. Namely: you need to try to make up for the deficiency of minerals and microelements important for teeth. It is more effective at the initial stage of enamel destruction, as well as for prevention.

For this purpose, toothpastes with increased fluoride content and other medicinal additives are used. In the process of brushing your teeth, you need to hold the paste in your mouth for a few minutes in order to more effectively feed the tissues of the teeth and gums.

Undoubtedly, a large role is played by nutrition: it is necessary to increase the amount of foods in the diet that contain more calcium and vitamin D, which helps it better assimilation... Eat calcium-rich dairy products (cheese, yogurt, milk); from plant products white cabbage, broccoli, Beijing cabbage are preferable. Fortified foods (such as juices), meals using dry cereals (muesli) and soy are also useful.

Under the influence of external and internal factors the enamel can lose its density and become thinner. Most often, this leads to a painful reaction of the tooth to stimuli.

To restore it, there are many methods that are used not only in clinics, but also at home.

What it is?

The enamel is a translucent hard shell width up to 2.5 mm having a crystalline homogeneous structure. Its purpose is to protect the dentin and pulp chamber. The main body of the enamel consists of minerals of the inorganic type, supplemented with an organic matrix and water.

When the minerals are washed out, the enamel structure becomes loose and lends itself to rapid destruction.

Self-treatment techniques

Most people try to avoid visiting the dentist to the last, and when enamel sensitivity increases, they try to fix the problem on their own. For this, manufacturers have developed special means in the form of gels and pastes, the action of which is aimed at restoring tooth tissues.

Pastes

Oral care products are represented by a wide range. You can find a large number of different pastes with restorative properties. The most popular types are:

Sensodyne Repair & Protect- effectively restores tooth tissues and protects them from the effects of microbes. The product contains a unique formula NovaMin, which includes highly concentrated calcium and phosphates.
The recovery effect can only be observed with daily use at least 2 times a day. Pasta cost - 180 rubles.
Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief- a paste with a mineralizing effect, designed for quick relief of pain syndrome with high sensitivity of enamel.
The main component is calcium, which seals the dentinal canals. Can be used no more than 1 time per day. The analgesic effect occurs within 1 minute. The cost of the pasta is 170 rubles.
Silcamed "Biocalcium"... Due to the content of hydroxyapatite and phosphate complex, the enamel is saturated with minerals and smoothed. The paste is suitable for frequent use up to 3 times a day or more. Price for this remedy is within 100 rubles.
President unique- is aimed at the rapid restoration of enamel, which occurs due to three calcium compounds that are part of: pantothenate, lactate and glycerophosphate.
With daily use at least 2 times a day, the recovery effect will be visible in a month. The cost of one package of this paste is 190 rubles.
SPLAT "Biocalcium"... Serves to eliminate micropores and cracks in tooth tissues. In the role active substances are calcium lactate and hydroxyapatite. With two daily use, the result can be seen after a few weeks. Pasta price - 170 rubles.
Wunderdent- designed to restore damaged enamel due to remineralizing properties. The paste contains an active complex, which includes ions of potassium, calcium and other minerals.
The product is intended for two daily use and can be used to apply applications. The price of one package of pasta is 200 rubles.

Special means

If the pastes are not satisfied with their result or there is a desire to achieve a regenerating effect for short time, you can additionally use special tools:

R.O.C.S.MedicalMinerals... The gel contains a complex of minerals, including calcium. Serves as a good mild remineralizing agent and helps restore the color of crowns.
The application is permanent - the gel is applied after each cleaning of the teeth. The cost of one package of the drug - 400 rubles.
Elmex Gelee- restores crown tissue by saturating the enamel with fluorine. Well suited for weekly single application for both adults and children. The price of the gel varies in the range 250 - 320 rubles.
LACALUT fluor Gel... Designed to protect the enamel from damage by strengthening it. The active substances here are fluorine and magnesium. The drug is used no more than once every 7 days. Its cost is about 200 rubles.

Folk remedies

If there is no opportunity or desire to use special means, they will come to the rescue folk methods restoration of the tooth surface.

Among the many recipes, the following are considered the most effective:

solution of 1 spoon salt and a glass of water rinse your mouth for 3 minutes once a day. The rinsing procedure is recommended before bedtime. In order to accelerate the process of penetration of minerals into the tooth tissues, you can add 3 drops of any essential oil;
well relieves pain in case of tooth sensitivity milled wheatgrass, which is applied to the affected crowns in the form of an application;
you can strengthen the enamel structure with cloves and soda... Mix both components in equal parts, pour boiling water over and insist. Rinse your mouth with the resulting product several times a day;
propolis has excellent remineralizing characteristics. It is used both as an independent tool and in combination with other components. Good effect gives the imposition of propolis on problem areas for 5 minutes.
A good result can be achieved by frequent and prolonged rinsing of the mouth with a decoction. calamus marsh mixed with propolis. For this, the components are taken in a ratio of 2: 1;
gradual restoration of enamel can be observed when brushing teeth with a special mixture prepared from ground ginger root and mustard... The only drawback of this recipe is a strong burning sensation during use.

Therapeutic treatment

Most often, home remedies for enamel restoration give only a minor or temporary effect. In addition, they require consistency and duration during application, which is not always possible to control.

To get a high-quality restoration of the crown surface, it would be most correct to contact a dentist who will select the most optimal way recovery from all available.

Fluoride varnish

The use of fluoride varnish is indicated for low sensitivity of crowns or as a prophylactic v childhood... Compared to other methods, this method is considered less effective, but at the same time the most cost-effective.

The essence of the method is to apply fluoride varnish to the surface of the crowns, where it forms protective film... As long as the film is on the crown, there is the release of fluoride in her tissue.

The procedure requires repeated visits and most often has only minor temporary the effect.

Remineralization

Unlike fluoridation, this technique implies saturation of the enamel with a whole complex of mineral substances, which included calcium and fluorine ions... It is designed to eliminate microdefects and pronounced sensitivity of the enamel when it is abraded.

For remineralization, drugs are used, the formula of which allows the crown to be saturated with these components so that they do not interfere with each other. During the procedure, there is a quick replacement of voids and defects minerals.

Due to this, the enamel is denser and restored. Remineralization gives a quick effect and maintains it for a long time thanks to the protective film that forms on the surface of the crowns.

Deep fluoridation

This technique is classified as innovative. It allows you to solve the problem of pathological abrasion of enamel, effectively eliminates cracks and levels the surface of the crown.

The principle of operation is to apply combination drugs based on minerals that penetrate into the deepest layers enamels and seals dentinal canals and pores, preventing the washing out of beneficial components.

This procedure allows you to get strengthened enamel immediately after the procedure and maintain the result for a long time.

Baby teeth

For most parents, baby milk teeth act as a temporary phenomenon that does not require special attention... But this is a delusion. It is from the health of milk teeth depends correct development bite child in the future.

Therefore, enamel restoration procedures are also indicated for milk teeth. For children, use exactly the same drugs as for adults. The only difference can be in the time of the procedure.

In the very small age up to 5 years preference is given to a short procedure - the application of fluoride varnish. With good perseverance, any technique can be used.

Forecast

The result of strengthening the surface of the crown will directly depend on the chosen method. Dental practice showed that application home remedies has little effect.

The minimum result can be achieved only after 2 - 3 months regular use. After cessation of exposure folk remedies usually the condition of the crown worsening again.

Therapeutic methods have shown the maximum efficiency. Using fluoride varnish for a month there is a sustained recovery effect of about 4 - 6 months.

At remineralization enamel quickly recovers and resists aggressive effects of irritants and bacteria for 6 - 12 months... The best results are shown by deep fluoridation... His actions are enough for 1 - 2 years.

Prophylaxis

Special care is required not only for teeth subject to deterioration in the quality of enamel, but also for those that have undergone remineralization and fluoridation. Prevention in this case is as follows:

Minimize inclusion in the diet of foods containing acids and carbohydrates that attack crowns aggressively.
For cleansing use soft bristled brushes and pastes based on fluorine and calcium.
Regularly produce gum massage improving blood circulation and nutrition of dental tissue.
Introduce foods rich in vitamin D, calcium and others into the diet minerals.
Get rid of bad habits that provoke the risk of developing dental pathologies and lead to deformation of the enamel.