Do I need a prescription for Ventolin? Ventolin - instructions for use for children and adults. Release form and composition

A rather unpleasant and even dangerous disease is bronchial asthma, requiring the strictest control from the person suffering from it. Asthma is classified as an infectious-allergic disease and is characterized by bronchospasm. Bronchospasm is a sudden contraction of the muscles of the bronchial wall, which is accompanied by a narrowing of the bronchi, which, in turn, leads to a deterioration in ventilation of the lungs. As a result, an attack of suffocation and panic occurs.

The drug “Ventolin” for inhalation, instructions and reviews of which are described below, can alleviate the patient’s condition and also prevent an attack of bronchospasm.

Description of the drug

"Ventolin" is an anti-asthma drug used in the treatment and prevention of various diseases lungs and bronchi, which lead to spasms of the smooth muscles of the bronchi. "Ventolin" for inhalation is a clear liquid, sometimes light yellow in color.

Active active substance The drug is salbutamol, which suppresses bronchial reactivity and helps prevent or eliminate the phenomenon of bronchospasm. The instructions describe the auxiliary components included in the drug “Ventolin” (for inhalation) as substances that facilitate the most convenient administration and uniform distribution of salbutamol in the patient’s body.

Salbutamol when administered into Airways has an effect on the smooth muscles of the bronchi, while ensuring their complete relaxation, reducing airway resistance, and also increasing the volume of inhaled air. In addition, the active ingredient of the drug "Ventolin" stimulates the secretion of the bronchial glands, and also activates the work of the ciliated epithelium of the bronchi, due to which mucus is removed during coughing. In therapeutic doses, salbutamol - the active component of the drug "Ventolin" (for inhalation) - can cause a decrease in blood pressure and increased heart rate.

The breakdown products of salbutamol are excreted from the body in urine and partially in feces.

Product release form

The drug is available in the following forms:

  • "Ventolin Nebula." For inhalation, a special device is used - a nebulizer. The solution is placed in opaque capsules of 2.5 ml. The cardboard packaging contains 10, 20 and 40 nebulas.

  • "Ventolin Evohaler." An aerosol can with a spray mouthpiece that contains 100 mcg/200 doses. The cardboard package contains 1 cylinder.

Indications for use of the drug

As noted by medicine"Ventolin" (for inhalation) instructions, the drug is indicated:

  1. For bronchial asthma - to relieve and prevent attacks, treat asthma during exacerbation.
  2. For chronic bronchitis.
  3. With reversible obstruction.
  4. For acute chronic bronchitis.

Contraindications

As for contraindications to the use of the drug "Ventolin" (for inhalation), these include: increased sensitivity to one or more components of the product. Pregnant women who are at risk of premature birth or miscarriage, as well as children under 2 years of age, should not take the medicine.

In addition, you should take the drug with extreme caution:

  • with myocarditis;
  • at coronary disease hearts;
  • for heart defects;
  • with aortic stenosis;
  • with tachyarrhythmia;
  • for glaucoma;
  • with aortic stenosis;
  • with thyrotoxicosis;
  • with diabetes mellitus in the stage of decompensation;
  • for epilepsy;
  • with liver and kidney failure;
  • with arterial hypertension;
  • during pregnancy and lactation.

The instructions for the drug "Ventolin" (for inhalation) allow in rare cases the use of the drug by pregnant and nursing mothers. In this case, the expected effect on a woman’s health should significantly exceed the risk of developing pathologies in a child or fetus. This warning is due to the fact that in the course of a number of studies, cases of negative effects on the fetus were observed, as a result of which pathologies in the form of a “cleft palate” and congenital deformities of the limbs were identified. Although, on the other hand, a cause-and-effect relationship between taking the drug and fetal pathologies could not be established, since the test mothers also took other medical supplies. There is also no data on the effect of salbutamol, which is the active ingredient of the drug Ventolin for inhalation, on a newborn child. Reviews from doctors therefore exclude the use of the drug by lactating and pregnant women.

Side effects

Side effects from taking Ventolin can be divided into common, infrequent, rare and very rare. Common side effects include headache, dizziness, tachycardia and tremors. Infrequently, palpitations, irritation of the pharynx and oral mucosa occur. In rare cases, hypokalemia and dilation of peripheral blood vessels. Very rarely, as reviews from doctors and patients show about the drug “Ventolin” (for inhalation), arrhythmia, hyperactivity, extrasystole, lactic acidosis, superventricular tachycardia, as well as some allergic reactions such as collapse or decreased blood pressure, urticaria, edema or bronchospasm may be observed. .

Instructions for use of the drug

1. “Ventolin”: nebulas for inhalation.

The instructions for the drug describe the use of nebulas using a special device - a nebulizer. must be prepared, supplemented with sterile (total volume is 2-2.5 ml). Through a nebulizer, the patient inhales the resulting solution until the aerosol formation completely stops. On average, one inhalation procedure takes about 10 minutes.

Sometimes, in order to speed up the effect, it is allowed to use an undiluted solution of the drug “Ventolin” (for inhalation), the dosage of which is prescribed by the doctor. In this case, the inhalation procedure lasts no more than 5 minutes.

It is very important to carry out the procedure in a well-ventilated area and under the direct supervision of a doctor.

2. Aerosol.

Using an aerosol of the drug “Ventolin” for the first time or if the product has not been used for some time, you should remove the safety cap from the cylinder, while squeezing its edges on the sides. Before use, shake the can well and press the valve to make sure that the aerosol mechanism is working properly.

After installing the mouthpiece, shake the inhaler again and position the balloon so that its bottom points upward, index finger hold the inhaler at the bottom, and thumb should be placed on the base and under the mouthpiece.

Before using the drug directly, the patient should exhale slowly and deeply and clasp the end of the mouthpiece with his lips. Next, you need to press the bottom of the inhaler with your index finger and at the same time inhale deeply through your mouth. After taking one dose of the medicine, you need to hold your breath for a few seconds and then exhale slowly. The next dose of the drug is taken after half a minute. The mouthpiece is then closed with a cap.

When administering the drug "Ventolin" (for inhalation), the patient should under no circumstances rush. Using the aerosol for the first time, you can practice standing in front of a mirror. If traces of escaping aerosol are noticeable in the upper part of the inhaler or in the area of ​​the corners of the mouth during administration, the drug administration procedure should be started over.

The mouthpiece must be cleaned once a week, and:

  • before rinsing the mouthpiece with running water warm water, you need to remove the cylinder from the plastic case and remove the lid;
  • Wash the mouthpiece and body under running water without overheating them;
  • after all the parts have dried, you should insert the cylinder back into the body and close it with the mouthpiece cover;
  • The cylinder must not be immersed in water.

Dosage of the drug

The instructions for the drug “Ventolin” (nebulas for inhalation) allow you to take it in diluted or undiluted form. The method of administration and dosage are determined by the attending physician depending on the age and health of the patient.

For children over 12 years of age and adults the drug is prescribed:

  • Divorced. Mix 0.5-1.0 ml of Ventolin with saline solution. The total volume should be 2.0-2.5 ml. Next, the resulting solution must be placed in a nebulizer and inhaled until the formation of aerosol stops.
  • In its purest form. Place 2.0 ml of the drug in a nebulizer and inhale. On average, the procedure takes no more than 5 minutes.

Children from 2 to 12 years old are prescribed the drug in diluted form. 0.5 ml of the drug "Ventolin" (solution for inhalation) is diluted saline solution so that the total volume is 2.0-2.5 ml. The inhalation procedure is carried out using a nebulizer. Sometimes, as prescribed by a doctor, severe cases the dose of the drug can be increased to 1.0 ml.

The number of procedures is prescribed by the doctor. Repeated inhalation is carried out after 20 minutes, but no more than 4 times a day.

2. Aerosol.

Children over 12 years old and adults:

  • 100-200 mcg (1-2 injections) - with acute attacks bronchospasm.
  • 200 mcg (2 injections) - prevention of acute attacks of bronchospasm when exposed to an allergen or physical stress.
  • 200 mcg (2 injections) - as maintenance therapy, which is prescribed for long time.

Children from 2 to 12 years old:

  • 100 mcg (1 injection) - for acute attacks of bronchospasm.
  • 100 mcg (1 injection) - for the prevention of bronchospasm attacks, 15 minutes before exposure to the provoking factor.
  • 100 mcg (1 injection) - as maintenance therapy for a long time. Take no more than 4 times a day.

The drug "Ventolin": inhalation for children

The drug can be prescribed for the prevention and treatment of bronchospasm in children over 2 years of age. In rare cases, the drug is prescribed to children from 18 months. Even less often, the drug is used in more early age, since there is no data on the effect of Ventolin on the body of children under 18 months.

As reviews show about the drug “Ventolin” (nebulas for inhalation), it is most often prescribed for a short period of time, taking into account the severity of the disease, the age of the child, concomitant diseases, as well as taking other medications.

If it is not possible to use an aerosol or to increase the effectiveness of the drug, the administration of salbutamol may be recommended using a nebulizer. The dosage, nature and frequency of administration of salbutamol are prescribed by the attending physician for each child individually.

Interaction with other drugs

Ventolin and non-selective beta blockers should not be taken at the same time. "Ventolin" can increase tachycardia in thyrotoxicosis. It can also enhance the effects of drugs that stimulate the central nervous system. When taking cardiac glycosides, the drug increases the likelihood of developing arrhythmia. The likelihood of tachyarrhythmias increases when taking Ventolin and Theophylline simultaneously. After taking Ventolin and anticholinergics together, an increase in intraocular pressure. During pregnancy, the drug should be used with great caution, as hyperglycemia and tachycardia may occur in the fetus and mother. Taking it can also cause a decrease in blood pressure, and even pulmonary edema.

Analogues of the drug "Ventolin"

Inhalations for children and adults can be carried out with the help of other drugs, the active ingredient of which is also salbutamol. Among the most common analogues are:

  • "Salbutamol";
  • "Astalin";
  • "Salmo";
  • "Aloprol";
  • "Salbuvent";
  • "Salgim";
  • "Sterineb Salamol";
  • "Salamol";
  • "Saltos" and others.

Drug price

The price of the medicine depends on the city and pharmacy where it is purchased. On average, for the drug “Ventolin” (nebulas for inhalation) 2.5 ml/2.5 mg in an amount of 20 pieces you will need to pay from 270 to 300 rubles. For 140-160 rubles. You can purchase Ventolin Evohaler 100 mcg in the form of an aerosol can with a mouthpiece.

Storage conditions

The medicine should be stored in its original packaging at a temperature not exceeding 30 degrees in a place protected from direct sunlight. The product must not be frozen. The shelf life is 2 years. Nebula after opening aluminum foil store no longer than three months. A solution in a nebulizer that has not been completely used cannot be stored.

Description of the dosage form Ventolin syrup easy breathing

Pharmacological action Ventolin syrup easy breathing

Bronchodilator. In therapeutic doses, it has a pronounced stimulating effect on beta2-adrenergic receptors of the bronchi, blood vessels and myometrium. It has virtually no effect on beta1-adrenergic receptors of the heart.

Inhibits release from mast cells histamine, leukotrienes, PgD2, etc. biologically active substances During a long time.

Suppresses early and late bronchial reactivity. It has a pronounced bronchodilator effect, preventing or relieving bronchial spasms, reducing resistance in the respiratory tract, and increasing vital capacity. It has a positive effect on mucociliary clearance (in chronic bronchitis it increases it by 36%), stimulates mucus secretion, and activates the functions of the ciliated epithelium.

Inhibits the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils, in particular anti-IgE-induced histamine release, eliminates antigen-dependent suppression of mucociliary transport and the release of neutrophil chemotaxis factor. Prevents the development of allergen-induced bronchospasm.

May cause a decrease in the number of beta-adrenergic receptors, incl. on lymphocytes. It has a number of metabolic effects: it reduces the concentration of K+ in plasma, affects glycogenolysis and insulin secretion, has a hyperglycemic (especially in patients with bronchial asthma) and lipolytic effect, and increases the risk of developing acidosis.

At recommended therapeutic doses it does not have any effect negative influence on the cardiovascular system, does not cause an increase in blood pressure. To a lesser extent compared to drugs of this group, it has a positive chrono- and inotropic effect. Calls expansion coronary arteries. It has a tocolytic effect - reduces the tone and contractile activity of the myometrium.

After ingestion of non-extended-release formulations, the onset of effect is within 30 minutes, a maximum of 2 hours when taking syrup and 2-3 hours when taking tablets, duration is 4-6 hours for a solution. Prolonged forms of the drug, due to the gradual release of the active substance through the tablet shell, provide the necessary plasma concentration to maintain the therapeutic effect for 12-14 hours.

Pharmacokinetics of Ventolin syrup easy breathing

When taken orally, absorption is high. Eating reduces the rate of absorption but does not affect bioavailability. After a single oral dose of 4 mg syrup or tablets, Cmax is 18 ng/ml; after oral administration of tablets at a dose of 2 mg every 6 hours, Cmax is 6.7 ng/m; after oral administration of tablets at a dose of 4 mg every 6 hours, Cmax is 14.8 ng/ml; after oral administration of prolonged dosage forms at a dose of 4 mg every 12 hours, Cmax is 6.5 ng/ml. Communication with plasma proteins - 10%. Penetrates through the placenta.

Subjected to first-pass metabolism in the liver and intestinal wall, it is inactivated by phenolsulfotransferase to 4-0-ester sulfate. T1/2 - 3.8-6 hours.

Excreted by the kidneys (69-90%), mainly in the form of an inactive phenol sulfate metabolite (60%) within 72 hours and with bile (4%).

With caution Ventolin syrup easy breathing

Tachyarrhythmia, severe CHF, arterial hypertension, thyrotoxicosis, tachyarrhythmia, pheochromocytoma, pregnancy, lactation, ischemic heart disease (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction), myocarditis, heart defects, aortic stenosis, diabetes, epilepsy, convulsions, gastrointestinal stenosis (including pyloroduodenal).

Dosage regimen Ventolin syrup easy breathing

Orally: adults and children over 12 years old - 2-4 mg 3-4 times a day, if necessary, the dose can be increased to 8 mg 4 times a day. Maximum daily dose- 32 mg. Children 6-12 years old - 2 mg 3-4 times a day, maximum dose- 24 mg/day; 2-6 years - 1-2 mg (0.1 mg/kg) 3-4 times a day.

Extended-release tablets: adults and children over 12 years old - 4-8 mg every 12 hours; maximum dose - 32 mg/day (16 mg every 12 hours); children 6-12 years old 4 mg every 12 hours, maximum dose - 24 mg/day (12 mg every 12 hours). The tablets are swallowed whole without chewing.

Intravenously - for severe bronchospasm, intravenous bolus of 0.25 mg (4 mcg/kg) over 2-5 minutes, if necessary, every 15 minutes or infusion, 0.005 mg/min, increasing the dose if necessary at 15-30 minute intervals up to 0.01-0.02 mg/min. To prepare a solution for intravenous administration of the required concentration of 0.01 mg/ml, 5 mg of salbutamol solution is diluted with 500 ml of solvent (water for injection, 0.9% sodium chloride solution, 5% dextrose solution).

As a tocolytic agent - iv drip, 2.5-5 mg (1-2 ampoules) dissolved in 500 ml of 0.9% NaCl solution or 5% dextrose solution. The rate of intravenous drip administration (20-40 drops/min) depends on the intensity of contractile activity of the uterus and on the tolerability of the drug (the pregnant woman’s pulse should not be more than 120/min). Next, oral maintenance therapy is carried out - 2-4 mg 4-5 times a day. The first tablet is prescribed 15-30 minutes before the end of the infusion. The course of treatment is 14 days.

Contraindications Ventolin syrup easy breathing

Hypersensitivity, pregnancy (when used as a bronchodilator), lactation, childhood(under 6 years - for tablets, under 2 years - for oral solution and syrup).

For intravenous administration as a tocolytic (optional) - infections birth canal, intrauterine fetal death, fetal malformations, bleeding due to placenta previa or premature placental abruption; threatened miscarriage (in the 1st-2nd trimester of pregnancy).

Indications for use: Ventolin syrup for easy breathing

Orally - bronchospastic syndrome, bronchial asthma (including nocturnal - prolonged forms) - prevention and relief, COPD (including Chronical bronchitis, emphysema).

Parenteral - bronchospastic syndrome (relief).

Parenteral (with subsequent transition to oral administration): threatening premature birth with the appearance of contractile activity; isthmic-cervical insufficiency; fetal bradycardia (depending on uterine contractions during periods of cervical dilatation and expulsion); operations on the pregnant uterus (applying a circular suture for insufficiency of the internal uterine os).

Side effects of Ventolin syrup: easy breathing

Often - palpitations, tachycardia (during pregnancy - in mother and fetus), headache, tremor, nervous tension;

Less often - dizziness, insomnia, muscle cramps, nausea, vomiting, sweating;

Rarely - allergic reactions (urticaria, skin rash, angioedema, paradoxical bronchospasm, erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, arrhythmia, chest pain, hypokalemia, neuropsychiatric disorders (including psychomotor agitation, disorientation, memory impairment, aggressiveness, panic, hallucinations, suicide attempts, schizophrenia-like disorders, urinary retention.

Overdose of Ventolin syrup easy breathing

Symptoms acute poisoning: angina pectoris, tachycardia (with heart rate up to 200 beats per minute), palpitations, arrhythmia, dizziness, dry mouth, fatigue, headache, hyperglycemia (replacing hypoglycemia), decreased or increased blood pressure, hypokalemia, insomnia, malaise, nausea, nervous tension , convulsions, tremors.

Treatment: symptomatic, in case of overdose of tablet forms of the drug - gastric lavage; in case of tachyarrhythmia, cardioselective beta-blockers are administered (with caution due to the risk of bronchospasm).

Special instructions Ventolin syrup easy breathing

Frequent use of salbutamol can lead to increased bronchospasm, sudden death, and therefore between doses of the drug it is necessary to take breaks of several hours (6 hours). Reduction of these intervals can only take place in exceptional cases.

If it is necessary to prescribe the drug during lactation, caution should be discontinued (it is not known whether salbutamol penetrates into breast milk).

Strictly controlled clinical trials No studies have been carried out to study the teratogenicity of salbutamol. IN individual studies Polydactyly was identified in children while mothers were taking salbutamol during pregnancy (an unambiguous causal relationship between its occurrence and taking the drug has not been established). IN experimental studies a teratogenic effect was found in salbutamol: in mice with subcutaneous administration (doses 11.5-115 times higher than the maximum recommended in humans for inhalation administration), the development of cleft palate was noted; in rabbits when administered orally (doses 2315 times higher than the maximum for inhalation administration) - non-fusion of the skull bones.

Adrenergic bronchodilators may be used during pregnancy because potential risk placental hypoxemia for the fetus against the background of uncontrolled bronchial asthma significantly exceeds the risk associated with their use. However, caution should be exercised when using them during pregnancy, since it can cause tachycardia and hyperglycemia in the mother (especially in the presence of diabetes mellitus) and the fetus, as well as cause delay in the mother. labor activity, decreased blood pressure, acute NK and pulmonary edema.

Interaction of Ventolin syrup easy breathing

Strengthens the effect of central nervous system stimulants, tachycardia in patients with thyrotoxicosis and the likelihood of developing extrasystole while taking cardiac glycosides.

A single use of salbutamol reduces the concentration of digoxin by 16-22% during 10-day therapy with the latter (it has no clinical significance; the concentration of digoxin in the blood should be monitored).

A possible increase in heart rate and blood pressure while taking salbutamol may necessitate dose adjustment of antihypertensive and antianginal drugs.

Theophylline and other xanthines, when used simultaneously, increase the likelihood of developing tachyarrhythmias; agents for inhalation anesthesia, levodopa - severe ventricular arrhythmias.

MAO inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants enhance the effect of salbutamol on the cardiovascular system.

Incompatible (pharmacological antagonism) with non-selective beta-blockers (which must also be taken into account when using ophthalmic forms of beta-blockers).

Simultaneous administration with anticholinergic drugs (including inhaled ones) may increase intraocular pressure.

Diuretics and corticosteroids enhance the hypokalemic effect of salbutamol.

Ventolin nebula: instructions for use and reviews

Ventolin nebulae is a bronchodilator, a selective beta2-adrenergic agonist.

Release form and composition

Ventolin nebula is available as a solution for inhalation: clear liquid with color from colorless to light yellow [2.5 ml in nebulas (polyethylene ampoules), 10 nebulas soldered together in a strip, 1 strip in laminated aluminum foil bags, 1, 2, 3, 5 or 6 in a cardboard pack packages].

1 ml of solution contains:

  • active ingredient: salbutamol sulfate – 1.2 mg, which corresponds to the content of 1 mg of salbutamol;
  • auxiliary components: sulfuric acid (diluted to pH 3.5–4.5), sodium chloride, purified water.

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacodynamics

The bronchodilating effect of Ventolin nebula is due to the activity of salbutamol. Being a selective beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist, its therapeutic doses act on beta2-adrenergic receptors of bronchial smooth muscle and cause a bronchodilator effect within 1/12 hour against the background of reversible airway obstruction. The effect of the drug lasts from 4 to 6 hours.

Pharmacokinetics

As a result of inhalation, from 10 to 20% of the used dose of salbutamol reaches the lower respiratory tract, about 80% remains in the inhaler or oropharynx. From the oropharynx the drug enters the gastrointestinal tract. The fraction entering the respiratory tract is absorbed into lung tissue and blood.

Binding to blood plasma proteins – 10%.

Salbutamol is not metabolized in the lungs; when it enters the systemic circulation, it undergoes hepatic metabolism.

After absorption from the gastrointestinal tract of the ingested part of the inhalation dose, significant metabolism of salbutamol occurs during the first passage through the liver with the formation of phenolic sulfate.

At intravenous administration salbutamol T1/2 is from 4 to 6 hours.

The drug is excreted primarily through the kidneys in unchanged form and in the form of a conjugate – phenolic sulfate. A small part of the incoming dose of the drug is excreted through the intestines. Complete elimination occurs within 72 hours.

Indications for use

  • chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema and others chronic pathologies lungs, accompanied by reversible airway obstruction - as part of complex therapy;
  • prevention and relief of attacks of bronchial asthma, including complex therapy status asthmaticus.

Contraindications

  • use in cases of threatened abortion or for premature uncomplicated labor;
  • age up to 1.5 years;
  • hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

Caution should be exercised when prescribing Ventolin nebula for inhalation for thyrotoxicosis, arterial hypertension, severe chronic heart failure, tachyarrhythmia, pheochromocytoma, during pregnancy, during breastfeeding, after previous therapy with high doses of other sympathomimetics.

Instructions for use of Ventolin nebula: method and dosage

Ventolin nebulas cannot be used for injection or oral administration!

The solution is intended for inhalation use only by inhalation through the mouth using a nebulizer (inhaler) and a face mask, T-tube or endotracheal tube. In addition, use in intermittent positive pressure ventilation mode is allowed. In this case, to reduce the risk of hypoxia, the inhaled air can be enriched with oxygen.

The procedure must be carried out under the supervision of a doctor in a well-ventilated area.

The solution is ready for use undiluted. If the procedure lasts more than 10 minutes, it can be diluted with a sterile 0.9% sodium chloride solution.

The laminated aluminum foil pouch should be opened prior to the actual procedure. Holding the strip with one hand, separate one nebula with the other hand, turning the outermost one down and away from you. The nebulas in the strip are put back into the bag and placed in a cardboard box. To open the nebula, you need to rotate its body, holding it by the top. The open end of the nebula is placed into the nebulizer chamber. Slowly squeezing its body, the entire contents are completely poured into the inhaler. Next, the nebulizer is used in accordance with the instructions for its use, making sure that the “fog” formed as a result of inhalation does not get into the patient’s eyes.

If the doctor has prescribed diluted Ventolin nebula for the procedure, then the recommended amount of sterile 0.9% sodium chloride solution must be added to the salbutamol solution in the nebulizer chamber. After closing the lid of the nebulizer chamber, its contents should be thoroughly shaken to mix the solutions.

After inhalation, the solution remaining in the nebulizer chamber must be removed.

Recommended dosage: the average initial dose is 2.5 mg, if necessary, its increase to 5 mg is indicated. The frequency of inhalations can be 4 times a day. To achieve a therapeutic effect in the treatment of severe airway obstruction in adults in a hospital setting, up to 40 mg of salbutamol per day can be used under the close supervision of a specialist.

Concomitant oxygen therapy should be considered to reduce the risk of transient hypoxemia.

Side effects

  • from the outside respiratory system, organs of the chest and mediastinum: very rarely - paradoxical bronchospasm;
  • from the outside immune system: very rarely - hypersensitivity reactions (including urticaria, bronchospasm, angioedema, arterial hypotension, collapse);
  • on the part of nutrition and metabolism: rarely – hypokalemia (including clinically significant hypokalemia); very rarely - lactic acidosis;
  • from the outside digestive system: uncommon – irritation of the mucous membrane of the mouth and pharynx;
  • from the outside nervous system: often – headache, tremor; very rarely - increased activity;
  • from the blood vessels: rarely - peripheral vasodilation;
  • from the heart: often – tachycardia; infrequently – feeling of heartbeat; very rarely - atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia, extrasystole and other types of arrhythmia;
  • from the musculoskeletal system: infrequently – muscle cramps.

Overdose

Symptoms: hypokalemia, lactic acidosis (rapid shallow breathing, bronchospasm).

Treatment: appointment symptomatic therapy, monitoring the level of potassium and lactate concentrations in the blood serum.

special instructions

The use of Ventolin nebula should be carried out in strict accordance with the doctor's prescription.

Since the need to increase the dose of the drug or the frequency of procedures may be a sign of exacerbation of bronchial asthma, it is necessary to clarify the treatment regimen and consider the feasibility of prescribing simultaneous administration glucocorticosteroids.

Patients who are prescribed the drug for home use should be informed that if the therapeutic effect or its duration decreases, they should immediately consult a doctor, since it is strictly prohibited to independently increase the dose or increase the frequency of inhalations.

In case of unstable or severe course bronchial asthma Ventolin nebula should not be the main or only drug of therapy.

Sudden progression of worsening of bronchial asthma poses a threat to human life, therefore immediate administration or increase in the dose of GCS is required. In this case, the patient needs daily monitoring maximum speed exhale.

It should be taken into account that the use of beta2-adrenergic receptor agonists can cause the development of hypokalemia, especially when administered inhaled or parenterally. Patients with severe attacks of bronchial asthma require regular careful monitoring of the level of potassium concentration in the blood serum, since they are at greater risk of hypokalemia due to hypoxia and combination therapy with the use of corticosteroids, xanthine derivatives and diuretics.

According to the instructions, Ventolin Nebula should be immediately discontinued if the patient develops paradoxical bronchospasm with increased wheezing immediately after inhalation. For immediate treatment this state the use of another short-acting inhaled bronchodilator or salbutamol in an alternative release form is required.

Do not allow the solution or its “mist” to get into your eyes.

With the simultaneous use of inhaled salbutamol and anticholinergic drugs (including ipratropium bromide), caution should be exercised, as there is a risk of developing acute angle-closure glaucoma.

In patients with diabetes mellitus, decompensation and ketoacidosis may develop while using salbutamol. They should be especially careful when combining the drug with GCS.

During exacerbation of bronchial asthma, the use of high doses of Ventolin nebula can cause shortness of breath and compensatory hyperventilation of the lungs. When diagnosing a deterioration in the patient’s condition, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of developing lactic acidosis, which manifests itself with similar symptoms. The results of serum lactate concentration studies should be used to correctly interpret these signs and take measures to prevent the development of metabolic acidosis.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

During the gestation period and breastfeeding the prescription of salbutamol inhalations is allowed only if the expected therapeutic effect for the mother significantly exceeds the potential threat to the fetus or child.

It is believed that the use of salbutamol during pregnancy can cause the development of various defects in the fetus, including the formation of a cleft palate and malformations of the limbs, although a cause-and-effect relationship has not been established.

The effect of Ventolin nebula on fertility has not been established.

Use in childhood

The use of the drug for the treatment of children under 1.5 years of age is contraindicated due to the lack of information about clinical effectiveness nebulized salbutamol at this age.

Drug interactions

With simultaneous use of Ventolin nebula:

  • propranolol and other non-selective beta-adrenergic blockers: not recommended;
  • stimulants of the central nervous system: enhance their effect, tachycardia;
  • cardiac glycosides: increase the likelihood of developing extrasystole;
  • theophylline and other anticholinergics (xanthines): increase the risk of developing tachyarrhythmias, promote an increase in intraocular pressure;
  • levodopa, inhalational anesthesia agents: increase the likelihood of severe ventricular arrhythmias;
  • diuretics, corticosteroids: increase the risk of developing or worsening hypokalemia;
  • monoamine oxidase inhibitors: pharmacological properties of each of the drugs are not violated.

Analogues

Analogues of Ventolin nebula are Ventolin, Ventolin Easy breath, Fenoterol, Onbrez Breezhaler, Ventilor, Nebutamol, Salamol-Eco, Salamol Steri-Sky, Salamol-Eco Easy Breathing, Salbutamol, Salbutamol-Neo, Salbutamol-Inteli.

Terms and conditions of storage

Keep away from children.

Store at temperatures up to 30 °C.

Shelf life – 3 years.

After the seal of the package is broken, the drug should be stored in a place protected from light at temperatures up to 30 °C for 3 months.

Glaxo Wellcome (UK), Glaxo Wellcome (Spain), Glaxo Wellcome (France), Glaxo Wellcome Production (France), GlaxoSmithKline (Poland), GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals S.A. (Poland)

pharmachologic effect

It has a bronchodilator and tocolytic effect.

The bronchodilator effect is due to the relaxation of the smooth muscles of the bronchi.

Lasts for a long time.

Relaxes the uterus, inhibits the contractile activity of the myometrium, and prevents premature birth.

Subject to biotransformation in the liver.

It is excreted regardless of the route of administration through urine and bile, mainly unchanged.

The maximum speed of action (relief of bronchospasm) is achieved through the inhalation route of administration.

It has a positive effect on mucociliary clearance, stimulates mucus secretion, and activates the functions of the ciliated epithelium.

Inhibits the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils, in particular, anti-IgE-induced histamine release, eliminates antigen-dependent suppression of mucociliary transport and the release of neutrophil chemotaxis factor.

Prevents the development of allergen-induced bronchospasm.

May cause desensitization and reduction in the number of beta-adrenergic receptors, incl. on lymphocytes.

It has a number of metabolic effects - it reduces the potassium content in plasma, affects glycogenolysis and insulin secretion, has a hyperglycemic (especially in patients with bronchial asthma) and lipolytic effect, and increases the risk of developing acidosis.

Side effects of Ventolin

Dizziness, headache, tachycardia (during pregnancy - in mother and fetus), arrhythmia, hypotension, myocardial ischemia, heart failure, cardiopathy, pulmonary edema (possibly fatal), facial flushing, agitation, distal tremor, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth mouth, loss of appetite, difficulty urinating, sweating, increased blood glucose levels, free fatty acids, hypokalemia, allergic reactions in the form of erythema, facial swelling, difficulty breathing, development of physical and mental drug dependence.

Indications for use

Prevention and relief of bronchospasm in bronchial asthma, symptomatic treatment broncho-obstructive syndrome (chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, etc.), nocturnal asthma (long-acting tablet forms); prevention of premature birth.

Contraindications Ventolin

Hypersensitivity, coronary artery disease, arterial hypertension, rhythm disturbances, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, renal dysfunction, first trimester of pregnancy.

Overdose

Symptoms:

  • tachycardia,
  • ventricular flutter,
  • expansion of peripheral vessels,
  • decrease in A,
  • increased cardiac output,
  • hypoxemia,
  • acido,
  • hypokalemia,
  • hyperglycemia,
  • muscle tremo,
  • headache,
  • excite,
  • hallucinations and other psychotic disorders.

Treatment:

  • drug withdrawal and symptomatic therapy;
  • the prescription of beta-blockers (selective) in patients with bronchial asthma requires extreme caution due to the danger of a severe bronchospastic reaction.

Interaction

Increases the activity of central nervous system stimulants, cardiotropism of thyroid hormones.

Theophylline and ephedrine potentiate toxic effects.

Corticosteroids, PG synthesis inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants and MAO blockers increase the risk of developing cardiovascular complications, inhalation anesthesia and levodopa - severe ventricular arrhythmias.

Reduces the effectiveness of beta blockers (including ophthalmic forms), antihypertensive drugs, and the antianginal effect of nitrates.

Increases the likelihood of glycoside intoxication.

special instructions

Taking high doses of salbutamol during exacerbation of asthma leads to the fact that each subsequent attack of suffocation becomes more intense than the previous one.

In case of a severe attack of suffocation, the break between inhalations should be at least 20 minutes.

With absence minimal effect from inhalation or the appearance of severe tremor, tachycardia, heart rhythm disturbances, further uncontrolled use of the inhaler is contraindicated and you should consult a doctor.

The risk of complications increases both with a significant duration of treatment and with abrupt discontinuation of the drug.

Storage conditions

List B.

In a place protected from light, with room temperature.

The purpose of Ventolin for inhalation is to prevent bronchospasms that accompany bronchial asthma. During attacks, the walls of the bronchi contract sharply, which causes panic in a person, an attack of suffocation, and impairs ventilation of the lungs. The use of Ventolin reduces the likelihood of attacks.

The anti-asthmatic medicine "Ventolin" is prescribed in medical and for preventive purposes. It helps in treatment various pathologies bronchopulmonary system, which cause spasms and suffocation.

During inhalation, the smallest particles of “Ventolin” enter the respiratory tract, the active substance of the drug has a complex effect:

  • relieves spasms of smooth muscles;
  • helps increase the volume of air when exhaling;
  • enhances the work of the bronchial glands;
  • promotes the growth of epithelial activity (ciliated);
  • helps to expand the lumen of the bronchi.

Doctors noted that the medicine affects the production of the hormone responsible for blood glucose levels and other processes of glycogenolysis. "Ventolin" reduces the percentage of potassium in the blood plasma and produces lipolytic and hyperglycemic effects.

Taking the drug in a volume not exceeding the norm does not lead to negative reactions from the heart, vascular system. Patients do not experience any additional threat hypertensive crisis. Positive influence inhalation procedures with Ventolin - increased lumen of the coronary arteries.

What are the release forms?

Popular dosage form"Ventolina" - solution for inhalation. The liquid is packaged in 2.5 ml polyethylene containers (nebula). They are soldered into strips, each containing 10 ampoules. The strips are packaged in foil bags. The color of the inhalation solution can vary: no color, light pale yellow tint.

The therapeutic effect is due to the properties of the main substance - salbutamol sulfate, its concentration in the solution is 1.2 mg/ml. The role of additional ingredients of an auxiliary nature are:

  • 1 ml water (purified);
  • 9 mg sodium chloride;
  • dilute acid (H₂SO₄) sulfuric.

In the average patient, the result of exposure to salbutamol is observed for a minimum of 4 hours, a maximum of 6.

The second form of "Ventolin" is an inhalation aerosol, delivered in doses. It looks like a white suspension. The container contains exactly 200 doses of inhalation medicinal aerosol. The inhaler body is made of aluminum, equipped with plastic parts: a dispenser, a cap that performs protective functions. The main component of the suspension is salbutamol sulfate in micronized form. The inhalation dose is 120.5 mcg of the working substance.

Indications and contraindications

Patients begin to be prescribed the drug "Ventolin" from the age of 2 years. The procedure with Ventolin relieves attacks in acute phase diseases. The aerosol is included in treatment regimens for bronchitis, if the patient is diagnosed with “pulmonary emphysema”, when there is no noticeable healing effect from traditional treatment.

Ventolin quickly relieves bronchospasm caused by an allergen and physical activity.

Ventolin has a list of contraindications approved by the manufacturer. The medicine must not be used in medicinal purposes if hypersensitivity to the ingredients of the drug is detected. Ventolin is not prescribed for babies from 0 to 12 months. From one to two years of age, a doctor may prescribe inhalation. The doctor individually selects the dosage and monitors the progress of treatment.

For pregnant and lactating women, the topic of asthma treatment is relevant. It is dangerous to take medicine for patients who have identified problems: the possibility of miscarriage cannot be ruled out, and there is a danger of premature onset of the labor process.

Row pathological conditions person requires careful inhalation:

  • renal failure;
  • heart disease;
  • problems with blood vessels;
  • hypertension (arterial);
  • eye pathologies;
  • liver failure;
  • high sugar;
  • epilepsy attacks.

During healing process you must adhere to the following instructions:

  • in the treatment of bronchial asthma, a step-by-step check of the effectiveness of medications taken is carried out;
  • the worsening of the disease is indicated by an increase in the number of inhalation procedures;
  • when diagnosed with bronchial asthma, in addition to Ventolin, the patient should receive other medications;
  • to prevent the development of hypokalemia, monitor the percentage of potassium in the blood;
  • Consultation with a specialist is required if the drug does not have the required effect 3 hours after the procedure.

Possible side effects

The inhalation procedure with Ventolin can lead to negative effects, due to which the medication is stopped and an urgent change is made to the treatment regimen. Replace Ventolin with another inhaled bronchodilator. Adjustment of therapy is primarily necessary if the patient experiences paradoxical bronchospasm after inhalation.

During treatment with Ventolin, salbutamol, which is part of the composition, becomes the cause of:

  • tremors of the limbs;
  • headache syndrome;
  • enlargement of peripheral vessels;
  • increasing heart rate.

Hypokalemia, which does not often occur during Ventolin therapy, poses a serious health hazard. Salbutamol sometimes provokes mental overexcitation; in children it manifests itself as increased motor activity. Sometimes the following manifestations are recorded:

  • seizures;
  • tachycardia;
  • hives;
  • decrease in blood pressure.

In people predisposed to arrhythmia, after consuming Ventolin, deviations in the functioning of the heart are not excluded: the heart rhythm is disturbed, symptoms characteristic of atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardias, extrasystoles.

Instructions for use for adults

The manufacturer's instructions that come with the box give general tips on treatment. Single dose, administration option inhalation agent determined by the doctor. They are determined by the diagnosis and the patient’s well-being.

Inhalation with a nebulizer allows the use of nebulas in undiluted and diluted versions. The recommended amount for undiluted aerosol is 2 ml. It is diluted with saline solution in proportions 1:2. During preparation, 2 ml of liquid (physiological) and 0.5-1 ml of medicine are taken for mixing.

For prolonged periods therapeutic therapy The inhalation procedure lasts 15 minutes. The medicine "Ventolin" is diluted with 9% saline solution. Begin therapy (bronchitis, cough, laryngitis) with an initial dose that corresponds to 2.5 ml. According to the recommendations, physiological fluid the solution should not contain less than 1 ml.

A minimum of 3 and a maximum of 4 inhalation procedures are performed during the day. Important point has a time between inhalations - it should not be less than 6 hours. If a weak therapeutic effect is observed, then the adult patient is allowed to increase the rate to 5 ml.

A nebulizer is needed for Ventolin inhalations. The method of drug delivery depends on the design. Its kit may include:

  • T-tube;
  • facial mask;
  • endotracheal tube.

Very rarely, inhalations are done with ventilation mode. If there is a risk of hypoxia, then the air is enriched with oxygen. The room where inhalations are carried out must be equipped with a ventilation system; during the treatment process, drug vapors penetrate into the air.

Rules for using nebulas

The strip with nebulas is packaged in a sealed foil package. Opening up new packaging scissors, the cutting line is marked with a dotted line. The nebulae unscrew without effort. Hold the strip with the fingers of one hand, and turn the nebula downwards away from you with the other.

To squeeze the contents of a plastic capsule into the nebulizer container, it is opened by holding the top with one hand and turning the body with the other. To completely empty the nebula, squeeze it with your thumb and index finger.

When treating with undiluted Ventolin, the nebulizer is collected and inhalation is carried out. If the use of diluted Ventolin is prescribed, then the required volume of sodium chloride solution (0.9%, sterile) is added to the cup. To mix both liquids, seal the bowl with a lid and shake several times.

Rules for using nebulas:

  • opened before the procedure;
  • unclaimed balance in further treatment do not use, the opened nebula is disposed of;
  • Unused solution is discarded and cannot be reused.

The nebulizer comes with instructions for use. According to the recommendations given in it, the device is cleaned after each procedure with Ventolin.

Before agreeing to treatment with a medicine containing salbutamol, a woman carrying a child should know the statistics of birth defects in children. The percentage of congenital anomalies is low (2 to 3%). Cleft palate and limb pathologies have been recorded in children whose mothers took salbutamol and a number of other medications during pregnancy.

The active substance "Ventolina" passes into breast milk. Nursing mothers are not prescribed medicine, despite the fact that there is no scientific evidence negative effects of salbutamol on the body of a newborn.

Features of reception in children

Children over 2 years of age are prescribed Ventolin for the same purposes as adults. Recommended proportions for preparing the inhalation solution:

  • "Ventolin" - 0.5 ml;
  • saline solution 0.9% - 2.5 ml.

The procedure is carried out using hardware using a nebulizer. The dose of the medicine can be increased by 2 times; to obtain the required concentration of the inhalation solution, add 100 ml of sterile saline solution. The optimal speed of the procedure is from 1 to 2 mg/h. For children over 12 years of age, the medication dosage is calculated according to the same rules as for adult patients.

To relieve attacks, 1-2 inhalations at a dose of 100-200 mcg are enough for children. To prevent possible attacks, the cause of which is either an allergen or intense physical exercise, inhalation is carried out 15 minutes before the negative effect.

Long-term therapy with Ventolin in children is reduced to 4 inhalations per day with a volume of 200 mcg.

Drug interactions

Doctors, planning to use Ventolin for inhalation during treatment of a patient, take into account information about drug interactions drug with other medications.

Storage conditions and periods

The purchased drug can be stored in a sealed foil bag for 3 years. The temperature of the Ventolin storage area should not exceed 30 °C. After opening the package, nebulas are stored for no more than 3 months. They need to be placed in a dark room. Children should have limited access to the first aid kit. Ventolin can be stored at room temperature 22-25 °C.

Popular analogues

"Ventolin" can be replaced with drugs identical to it in composition and mechanism of action. Below is a list of the most topical medications from bronchospasms with brief descriptions.

"Ventilor"

The medicine contains salbutamol. The drug is prepared in the form of an injection solution. Ampoules 1 ml - No. 10. "Ventilor" does not provide negative influences on the heart and blood vessels, it is administered intramuscularly or intravenously to relieve attacks and carry out long-term therapy.

List of side effects:

  • rash;
  • hives;
  • arrhythmia;
  • pain in the head and chest;
  • tinnitus;
  • dizziness;
  • feeling of nausea.

"Ventolin Evohaler"

Metered inhalation aerosol. Available in the form of an aerosol can with a volume of 100 mcg, which is equivalent to 200 doses. With the help of Ventolin Evohaler, attacks are stopped and prevented, and exacerbations of asthma are treated. The aerosol is indicated for the treatment of chronic and acute obstructive bronchitis.

"Nebutamol"

The composition contains salbutamol sulfate, it is able to suppress bronchial hyperactivity, can prevent and relieve spasms of smooth muscles, and improves sputum discharge. The format of the produced drug is an inhalation liquid, transparent, packaged in nebulas, one ampoule contains 2 ml of medicine, one package contains 10 pieces.

The scope of use of "Nebutamol" is not limited to asthma and bronchitis; it is used for functional tests, therapy for lung disease.

The drug is in the form of a solution for inhalation and is a light yellow (transparent) liquid. The product is packaged in soldered polyethylene ampoules, the volume of one is 2.5 ml. Taking the medication prevents the production of biologically active substances by mast cells:

  • histamine;
  • prostaglandin;
  • leukrotrienes.

Practice has shown that no negative impacts neither on the heart nor on the blood vessels, if the medicine is used strictly in therapeutic doses. It was noted that the patients did not experience an increase in blood pressure. From the side of the drug it is noted positive impact chrono- and inotropic nature. During treatment, an increase in the lumen of the coronary arteries is observed.

Used during COPD treatment, as well as during therapy aimed at relieving symptoms of broncho-obstructive syndrome. This inhalation solution successfully relieves attacks in people suffering from asthma.

"Salbutamol"

The drug is produced in several formats: tablet form, in the form of a dosed powder (it is used for inhalation), in the format of an inhalation metered aerosol. "Salbutamol" has a therapeutic effect on the body of a bronchodilator and tocolytic nature.

"Salamol Eco easy breathing"

One medicinal unit contains 124 mcg - the concentration of salbutamol sulfate in the drug. Produce this remedy in the form of a dosed aerosol. A medicine with a bronchodilator effect. Prescribed when frequent attacks bronchospasms.

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