Nutrition for allergies in children. Diet for allergies in children of different ages: general principles, menu

Diet for allergic skin rashes

Allergy is a special type of reaction of the immune system to external and internal irritants. The pathology is hereditary and therefore often occurs in children. In adults, it manifests itself due to weakened immunity and liver dysfunction. To minimize the number of reactions on the skin, it is necessary to properly create a diet and diet.

How does an allergic reaction manifest on the skin?

The immune system suffers from stress, bad habits, any disruptions in the body weaken protective functions body - all this can manifest itself in the form of various kinds of rashes and redness on the skin.

The liver cleanses the blood of harmful substances, and if it is weakened, toxins accumulate in the body. Excess harmful substances begin to come out through the pores - allergic skin rashes appear. Most often, these symptoms indicate a food allergy. Therefore, to eliminate negative signs, you should not only eat right, eat healthy food, but also take measures to cleanse and restore the liver.

Main types

• dermatoses - develop with intolerance to certain products, cosmetics, drugs, latex;
• food allergies - in addition to skin rashes, there is pain in the middle part of the abdomen, nausea;
• insect - develops after insect bites, eating honey, papules appear on the skin, severe swelling of the mucous membranes;
• the body's reaction to cold and sun.

They appear on the skin in the form of itching, burning, various types of blisters, and peeling. Often develop accompanying illnesses– eczema, wet ulcers that do not heal for a long time. With urticaria, red papules appear, about 17–22 cm in diameter, which disappear on their own. Contact dermatitis develops when the skin comes into contact with synthetic materials and aggressive chemicals. The pathology manifests itself in the form of a large number of small pimples; it is quite difficult to completely get rid of the disease.

Products that cause allergies

If a skin rash appears, an adult should undergo a full medical examination. If the tests confirm the diagnosis, the dermatologist will prescribe a hypoallergenic diet.

What not to eat:

• seafood;
• all fruits, vegetables, berries that are brightly colored, mushrooms;
• bee products;
• homemade milk, eggs;
• caffeinated drinks, alcohol, chocolate;
• smoked food.

You should not eat salty, spicy foods, fatty meats and fish, or any nuts. If you have skin rashes, it is not recommended to eat fresh baked goods, especially baked goods, fast food, sweet carbonated drinks, and packaged juices. A diet for skin allergies for adults and children is prepared by a doctor, taking into account age, body needs, and the presence of chronic diseases. Alcohol is prohibited in any form - ethyl alcohol, even in small concentrations, negatively affects the immune system, which will aggravate the manifestation of rashes.

The menu includes the required quantity nutrients and microelements, meals should be fractional - eat food in small portions, eat at least 5 times a day. They consume 2600–2900 kcal per day and drink at least 2.5 liters of clean still water.

What can and cannot be eaten?

Diet involves not only eliminating foods that can aggravate the appearance of unpleasant symptoms. Certain foods are called moderately allergenic; their quantity on the menu should be minimal. This list includes processed products from wheat and rye, buckwheat and corn grains, and rice. In small doses you can eat lean meat, apricots, bananas, legumes, potatoes, beets, carrots.

What can you eat if you have allergies:

• fermented milk products with medium fat content;
• river fish;
• oatmeal, pearl barley porridge;
• olive oil;
• green, white fruits, vegetables, berries - apples, cucumbers, zucchini, cauliflower and white cabbage, broccoli;
• all leafy vegetables;
• offal;
• turkey and rabbit meat;
• dried fruits.

You should not eat fried foods; in case of frequent skin rashes, boiled, stewed, baked foods should predominate as the basis of nutrition. When preparing meat and fish broths, the water must be drained three times after boiling.

Proper nutrition is impossible without keeping a food diary - this helps to quickly identify foods that negatively affect the body. Everything that was on the menu is written down in the appropriate columns, indicating the quantity and time of food intake. The type of processing, storage conditions and periods are of great importance. The last point is the presence of skin rashes, their type and degree of intensity.

The duration of the diet for adults is 14–21 days, then the nutritionist allows you to gradually introduce new items into the menu, once every few days.

Diet for children

Intolerance to certain foods or their components is one of the most common forms; it is often diagnosed in preschool children. Allergic reactions manifest themselves in the form of skin rashes, itching in the mouth, conjunctivitis, rhinitis, swelling of the mucous membranes.

Most dangerous consequence disease - anaphylactic shock, which develops almost immediately after contact with an allergen. The first symptoms of anaphylaxis are a fever, redness of the skin and mucous membranes, and a rash appears in the mouth. It becomes difficult to breathe, tachycardia begins, and a feeling of fear appears. Without proper medical care, a person may experience fainting or coma, so call a doctor immediately. There are special diets for children, since this disease occurs in every fifth child. To eliminate allergic reactions, follow a therapeutic diet for no more than 10 days. The list of prohibited and permitted products for children does not differ from the adult menu.

Long-term breastfeeding, a woman's hypoallergenic diet throughout lactation, and getting rid of bad habits will help prevent the development of the disease in the baby. All products that may be allergens should be introduced into the children's diet after 3 years. Most often, the body of young children reacts poorly to chocolate, citrus fruits, bright fruits, vegetables, berries, nuts, and honey. Often children have a reaction to lactose; in this case, additional sources of calcium will be discussed with the doctor, which will help better absorb vitamin D.

How can you replace dairy products:

• green leafy vegetables - basil, dill, parsley, nettle leaves, watercress;
• poppy seeds, sunflower seeds, sesame seeds;
• savoy cabbage, broccoli;
• white beans;
• dried apricots.

• During periods of exacerbation, nutrition should be especially strict. It is necessary to completely exclude allergens from the children's menu - all fresh berries, fruits and vegetables, egg-based dishes, cheeses, milk and yoghurts, salt. You cannot eat sausage, sausages, spinach, liver dishes, exotic and unknown foods.
• Children love bread, but they often have wheat intolerance. In this case, you should eat rye bread, unsweetened bread without fiber and harmful additives. Wheat bread can only be consumed dried in very small quantities. Of the vegetable oils, the safest and healthiest are the varieties made from flax seeds, sesame seeds, and olive fruits.
• A growing body needs animal protein. A child with allergies can be given turkey, rabbit, lean pork, and lamb. If you are intolerant to milk, you should not eat beef. Porridges suitable for garnishing include buckwheat, rice, millet, corn, and oatmeal.
• Children should not be completely deprived of sweets - they contain glucose, which nourishes the brain and ensures the normal development of the baby. You can eat pears and apples with green skin, yellow cherries and plums, white currants, and you can make compotes from dried fruits.
• For dessert or a snack, you can prepare a casserole of rice cereal with apples, rice and oatmeal cookies without eggs, and baked fruit puree. To make it easier for the child to tolerate the diet, all family members will have to adhere to proper hypoallergenic nutrition.

With the help of proper nutrition, it is possible to eliminate the manifestations of eczema, dermatitis, and urticaria. Refusal harmful products will help restore the functioning of the liver and immune system.

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Hypoallergenic diet

General rules

The mechanism of the body's specific reaction to an allergen is the development of sensitization (the production of antibodies in response to the initial entry of the allergen into the body) and the development of an allergic reaction when the allergen re-enters an already sensitized body. An allergic reaction is caused by a number of biochemical processes that occur with the release of biogenic amines (histamine, serotonin), which damage cells of various tissues and organs.

Allergy treatment involves, first of all, eliminating or reducing contact with the causative allergen. It is the diet for allergies that is the most important factor, allowing both to exclude a food allergen from the diet in the presence of an allergic reaction to food, and to reduce the general state of hyperreactivity of the body when reacting to allergens of other groups (fungal, household, medicinal, pollen and others), since during this period, any minor irritant can increase clinical symptoms an existing disease (urticaria, asthma, allergic rhinitis, angioedema) or cause a new systemic or local (itching of the skin/rashes on the skin) allergic reaction.

However, diet therapy is of greatest importance in cases where clinical manifestations are caused by allergies to food products, including medications used in the food industry and in raising animals and poultry (salicylates, antibiotics). The diet of this category of patients requires the most painstaking and careful correction, but the effect of following an individual elimination or general hypoallergenic diet can be very significant.

An antiallergic diet should be based on a number of principles:

• exclusion from the diet of foods that contain causally significant and cross-allergens;
• exclusion of products with high allergenic activity;
• use only fresh products, exclusion of genetically modified and shelf-stable products (preservation, canned food), as well as products containing food additives (preservatives, dyes, flavorings);
• exclusion of histamine-liberating products that provoke the release of histamine from cells gastrointestinal tract(coffee, cow's milk, chocolate, Orange juice, wheat bran), as well as histamine-carrying products (strawberries, tomatoes, cocoa, legumes, hazelnuts, herring fillets, tuna, smoked meats, spinach, cheeses), containing a large amount of biogenic amines - histamine, tyramine, betaphylethylamine;
• do not allow excess animal proteins in the diet;
• limiting the consumption of simple carbohydrates and table salt, as well as foods that irritate the gastrointestinal mucosa - spicy, fried, salty foods and alcohol-containing drinks;
• adequate replacement of excluded products to ensure quantitative and qualitative compliance of the diet with the physiological needs of the patient’s body for basic nutrients.

When preparing a diet or if there is a need for its correction, it is important to know what allergenic activity a particular product has, and to have a list of hypoallergenic food products:

• Products with a high degree of allergenic activity include: chicken eggs, crustaceans, cow's milk and whole milk products, chocolate, cheese, fish, coffee, mustard, wheat, nuts, strawberries, wild strawberries, raspberries, grapes, persimmons, cocoa, tomatoes, beets, celery, melon, carrots, pineapples, blackberries, citrus fruits, honey, black currant, pomegranates, mushrooms, spices, sauces, red caviar, canned and pickled foods, smoked meats, carbonated and alcohol-containing drinks;
• to products with average degree allergenic activity include: pork, red currants, turkey, potatoes, rabbit, peas, peaches, corn, rice, apricots, green peppers, buckwheat, rye, bananas, buckwheat, cranberries;
• Products with a low degree of allergenic activity include: lamb, beef ( low-fat varieties), boiled chicken meat, pumpkin (light colors), zucchini, turnips, squash, green and yellow apples, gooseberries, plums, white currants, green cucumber, watermelon, almonds, fermented milk products, garden herbs, offal (liver, tongue, kidneys), rice, oatmeal and pearl barley porridge, butter, olive and sunflower oil, pears, dried fruits.

Diet for allergies in adults

The general principles of dietary nutrition for people susceptible to allergies are reflected in the nonspecific hypoallergenic diet - Table No. 5 GA (hypoallergenic), which is based on Diet No. 5, intended for patients with diseases of the liver and biliary system. In the acute period of an allergic disease, the basis of the diet should be anti-allergenic foods. As a rule, the patient must follow a strict diet until the manifestations of the disease disappear permanently. The duration of such a diet should be approximately 3 weeks for adults and about 10 days for a child.

As the symptoms subside, the menu can be expanded to include products with an average degree of allergenic activity, which are administered in small quantities. First, the diet is introduced White bread, boiled lean white fish, fresh onions, freshly squeezed juices and fruit purees, compotes. In this case, green and yellow vegetables and fruits are first introduced, and in the absence of rashes, after a few days orange (pumpkin) and red fruits/vegetables are introduced.

Each new product should be introduced no more often than once every three days, taking into account the body’s reaction to each newly introduced product. If there are no negative reactions, then this product is safe for health and can be included in the basic diet for allergy sufferers. If after its administration the allergic reaction resumes, then it should be completely excluded from the diet.

Despite the fact that a strict hypoallergenic diet in the acute period of the disease includes a limited list of products, the patient’s nutrition should be physiologically complete, but not excessive in the content of micronutrients (especially proteins) and energy value. It is extremely important to exclude from the menu all allergenic foods and dishes in which they are present even in minimal quantities. So, if the patient has an allergic reaction to chicken eggs It is necessary to exclude mayonnaise, creams, casseroles, baked flour products and all dishes whose recipe includes eggs or its components.

If the causally significant allergen is not known, then all products with a high degree of allergenic activity must be excluded from the diet - milk, eggs, seafood, fish, fish caviar, citrus fruits, tomatoes, honey, chocolate, melon, strawberries, nuts.

The diet is limited to foods containing easily digestible carbohydrates: honey, sugar, sweets, confectionery, jam, chocolate. It is allowed to replace sugar with saccharin, aspartame, xylitol. The diet is enriched with foods containing large amounts of calcium (fermented milk products, cottage cheese), which have antiallergic and anti-inflammatory effects. At the same time, foods containing oxalic acid, which reduces the absorption of calcium, are limited in the diet.

Salt and all salty foods are subject to restrictions. The diet increases the content of foods rich in vitamins (allowed vegetables and fruits) and bioflavonoids, which strengthen the walls of blood vessels.

Special attention should be given to products that have a pronounced cross-allergic reaction. In case of intolerance to one type of food, other types must be excluded from the diet. Below are some of these foods and a list of foods that provide cross reaction with each of them.

• Fish - with all types of river/sea fish, seafood (shrimp, crabs, lobsters, caviar, mussels, lobsters).
• Cow's milk - products containing cow's milk proteins, veal, beef, and products made from them, goat's milk.
• Potatoes - tomatoes, red peppers, eggplants, paprika.
• Chicken egg - chicken meat and broth, duck meat; mayonnaise, quail meat and eggs, creams and sauces containing chicken egg components.
• Nuts - other types of nuts, flour (rice, oatmeal, buckwheat), kiwi, sesame, mango, poppy seeds.
• Bananas - kiwi, avocado, melon, wheat gluten.
• Citrus fruits - all other types of citrus fruits (orange, grapefruit, tangerine, lemon).
• Strawberries - currants, raspberries, blackberries, lingonberries.
• Legumes - mango, peanuts, soybeans, lentils.
• Plum - apricots, cherries, almonds, peaches, nectarines, cherries, apples, prunes.
• Kefir (kefir yeast) - yeast dough, mold varieties of cheese (Dor-Blue, Roquefort, Brie), kvass.

Excluded are strong meat, mushroom and fish broths, spices and seasonings, spicy, smoked dishes and sauces. When cooking meat, the first broth must be poured out, and cereals must be pre-soaked in water for 2 hours before cooking.

When choosing products, it is extremely important to pay attention to the presence of food additives, which in many cases are allergens, and also to know their coded designation. The following food additives pose the greatest danger:

• Antioxidants: E 321 (butyl-hydroanisole/butyl-hydroxytoluene).
• Preservatives: E 220-227 (sulfites), E 249-252 (nitrites), E 210-219 (benzoic acid and derivatives), E 200-203 (sorbic acid).
• Dyes: E 122 (azorubine), E 102 (tartrazine), E 110 (yellow-orange), E 124 (cochineal red), E 127 (erythrosine), E 151 (diamond black BN).
• Flavorings: B 550-553 (glutamates).
• Flavoring additives: E 621 (monosodium glutamate), E 622 (monosodium glutamate), E 623 (monosodium glutamate), E 624 (ammonium glutamate) and E 625 (magnesium glutamate).

It is advisable to prepare dishes in the diet by baking or boiling; frying foods is not allowed. This provides chemical sparing of the gastrointestinal mucosa and reduces the absorption of allergens in the intestines. For complete digestion of food proteins, which are potential allergens, it is recommended to eat fractionally and reduce the size of portions.

Indications

Allergic diseases (Quincke's edema, urticaria, allergic rhinitis). Allergies of various origins (food, medicinal, household, pollen, epidermal, insect and others).

Authorized Products

The anti-allergic diet includes lean (without skin) boiled or stewed dietary meat of chicken, rabbit or turkey. Wheat, buckwheat and oatmeal porridge are allowed from cereals.

The first courses are prepared without frying in a weak vegetable broth with the addition of various garden herbs. Potatoes, boiled in individual pieces or mashed in water, are allowed as a side dish.

The diet may include yogurt without additives, fresh low-fat cottage cheese, low-fat fermented milk products, bran/whole grain bread, durum wheat pasta, and dry biscuits.

From fats - vegetable sunflower or olive oil. Vegetables - lettuce, cucumber, stewed/boiled zucchini, cabbage, onion.

Table of permitted products

	Proteins, g	Fats, g	Carbohydrates, g	Calories, kcal
eggplant	1,2	0,1	4,5	24
zucchini	0,6	0,3	4,6	24
cabbage	1,8	0,1	4,7	27
broccoli	3,0	0,4	5,2	28
Brussels sprouts	4,8	0,0	8,0	43
cauliflower	2,5	0,3	5,4	30
green onion	1,3	0,0	4,6	19
bulb onions	1,4	0,0	10,4	41
cucumbers	0,8	0,1	2,8	15
squash	0,6	0,1	4,3	19
parsley	3,7	0,4	7,6	47
salad	1,2	0,3	1,3	12
celery	0,9	0,1	2,1	12
asparagus	1,9	0,1	3,1	20
Jerusalem artichoke	2,1	0,1	12,8	61
dill	2,5	0,5	6,3	38
beans	7,8	0,5	21,5	123
garlic	6,5	0,5	29,9	143
lentils	24,0	1,5	42,7	284
pears	0,4	0,3	10,9	42
nectarine	0,9	0,2	11,8	48
peaches	0,9	0,1	11,3	46
apples	0,4	0,4	9,8	47
gooseberry	0,7	0,2	12,0	43
black currant	1,0	0,4	7,3	44
flax seeds	18,3	42,2	28,9	534
sunflower seeds	20,7	52,9	3,4	578
buckwheat (kernel)	12,6	3,3	62,1	313
semolina	10,3	1,0	73,3	328
oat groats	12,3	6,1	59,5	342
cereals	11,9	7,2	69,3	366
wheat bran	15,1	3,8	53,6	296
pasta	10,4	1,1	69,7	337
dairy products	3,2	6,5	4,1	117
kefir 0%	3,0	0,1	3,8	30
kefir 1%	2,8	1,0	4,0	40
cottage cheese 0.6% (low fat)	18,0	0,6	1,8	88
cottage cheese tofu	8,1	4,2	0,6	73
boiled beef	25,8	16,8	0,0	254
beef stew	16,8	18,3	0,0	232
boiled chicken	25,2	7,4	0,0	170
steamed chicken breast	23,6	1,9	0,0	113
boiled turkey fillet	25,0	1,0	-	130
seaweed	0,8	5,1	0,0	49
butter	0,5	82,5	0,8	748
linseed oil	0,0	99,8	0,0	898
olive oil	0,0	99,8	0,0	898
sunflower oil	0,0	99,9	0,0	899
mineral water	0,0	0,0	0,0	-
green tea	0,0	0,0	0,0	-
rose hip juice	0,1	0,0	17,6	70

An anti-allergenic diet involves excluding from the diet such products as meat and fish broths and all first courses based on them; fatty red meats, smoked meats, duck, goose, whole milk; most sausages, chicken eggs, “red” fish of all kinds; chocolate, citrus fruits, flour products and sweets, seafood (shrimp, mussels, squid), honey and honey products (jelly, propolis), any salty foods, pickled vegetables, canned food; culinary and animal fats, cream, salty and fatty cheeses, sour cream, sweet curds.

Products containing quickly digestible carbohydrates - sugar, confectionery, jam, honey, ice cream, jams, sweets - are excluded. Pasta, semolina, soy, and white rice are also subject to restrictions.

Vinegar, all seasonings (ketchup, mustard, mayonnaise, horseradish), mushrooms, eggplant, melon, pineapple, butter dough, as well as red and orange fruits/vegetables (tangerines, tomatoes, red apples, oranges, beets, radishes) are excluded from the diet , carrots, radishes, strawberries, strawberries), nuts (peanuts and hazelnuts), coffee.

It is prohibited to include in the hypoallergenic menu any products containing food additives (dyes, preservatives), fruit/vegetable juices from prohibited berries, fruit tea, sweet carbonated drinks and all drinks containing alcohol and carbon dioxide.

Table of prohibited products

	Proteins, g	Fats, g	Carbohydrates, g	Calories, kcal
carrot	1,3	0,1	6,9	32
salad pepper	1,3	0,0	5,3	27
tomatoes	0,6	0,2	4,2	20
oranges	0,9	0,2	8,1	36
bananas	1,5	0,2	21,8	95
pomegranate	0,9	0,0	13,9	52
grapefruit	0,7	0,2	6,5	29
lemons	0,9	0,1	3,0	16
mango	0,5	0,3	11,5	67
tangerines	0,8	0,2	7,5	33
grape	0,6	0,2	16,8	65
Red currants	0,6	0,2	7,7	43
nuts	15,0	40,0	20,0	500
raisin	2,9	0,6	66,0	264
white rice	6,7	0,7	78,9	344
jam	0,3	0,2	63,0	263
jam	0,3	0,1	56,0	238
candies	4,3	19,8	67,5	453
pastry cream	0,2	26,0	16,5	300
ice cream	3,7	6,9	22,1	189
cake	4,4	23,4	45,2	407
chocolate	5,4	35,3	56,5	544
mustard	5,7	6,4	22,0	162
ketchup	1,8	1,0	22,2	93
mayonnaise	2,4	67,0	3,9	627
honey	0,8	0,0	81,5	329
vinegar	0,0	0,0	5,0	20
condensed milk	7,2	8,5	56,0	320
cream	2,8	20,0	3,7	205
sour cream 30%	2,4	30,0	3,1	294
sour cream 40% (fat)	2,4	40,0	2,6	381
cheese	24,1	29,5	0,3	363
feta cheese (made from cow's milk)	17,9	20,1	0,0	260
dor blue cheese	21,0	30,0	0,0	354
blue cheese	17,6	31,0	1,8	363
amber processed cheese	7,0	27,3	4,0	289
cottage cheese 18% (fat)	14,0	18,0	2,8	232
pork	16,0	21,6	0,0	259
pork fat	1,4	92,8	0,0	841
salo	2,4	89,0	0,0	797
mutton	15,6	16,3	0,0	209
smoked sausage	16,2	44,6	0,0	466
smoked sausage	9,9	63,2	0,3	608
sausages	10,1	31,6	1,9	332
sausages	12,3	25,3	0,0	277
smoked chicken	27,5	8,2	0,0	184
duck	16,5	61,2	0,0	346
smoked duck	19,0	28,4	0,0	337
goose	16,1	33,3	0,0	364
chicken eggs	12,7	10,9	0,7	157
smoked fish	26,8	9,9	0,0	196
salted fish	19,2	2,0	0,0	190
Red caviar	32,0	15,0	0,0	263
black caviar	28,0	9,7	0,0	203
canned fish	17,5	2,0	0,0	88
semi-finished fish products	12,5	6,7	14,7	209
sardine	20,6	9,6	-	169
mackerel	18,0	13,2	0,0	191
cod (liver in oil)	4,2	65,7	1,2	613
creamy margarine	0,5	82,0	0,0	745
coconut oil	0,0	99,9	0,0	899
palm oil	0,0	99,9	0,0	899
rendered beef fat	0,0	99,7	0,0	897
cooking fat	0,0	99,7	0,0	897
rendered pork fat	0,0	99,6	0,0	896
white dessert wine 16%	0,5	0,0	16,0	153
dry white wine	0,1	0,0	0,6	66
vodka	0,0	0,0	0,1	235
cognac	0,0	0,0	0,1	239
liquor	0,3	1,1	17,2	242
beer	0,3	0,0	4,6	42
cola	0,0	0,0	10,4	42
black coffee	0,2	0,0	0,3	2
Pepsi	0,0	0,0	8,7	38
sprite	0,1	0,0	7,0	29
tonic	0,0	0,0	8,3	34
energy drink	0,0	0,0	11,3	45
cranberry jelly	0,0	0,0	13,0	53

* data is per 100 g of product

Hypoallergenic diet food menu acute period includes a small amount of permitted products; as the patient recovers, the diet expands, taking into account the patient’s individual sensitivity to a specific product. Below is a sample menu for the week.

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Sunday

Dish recipes

The recipes are relatively simple and do not require special culinary skills. Some of them are given below.

First meal

Chicken soup with spinach

Prepare low-fat chicken broth (boil the meat without the skin). Add onion, spinach, sour cream and cook until tender. Season the finished soup with dill and a small piece of butter.

Cream of Turkey and Cauliflower Soup

Boil the turkey (200 g) in the first water for 30 minutes, then drain the broth and cook together with the shredded zucchini and cauliflower in the new water for another 40 minutes. Remove the meat from the soup and blend the vegetables in a blender until pureed. Add chopped turkey meat, season with sour cream and herbs.

Second courses

Boiled chicken breast with vegetables

Boil the chicken breast for 30 minutes, cool and cut into portions. Boil the vegetables - Brussels sprouts, green peas and green beans. Serve together, seasoning the vegetables with olive oil.

Dessert

Baked apples

Wash the apples, put them in the oven and bake until done at 1800 C.

For children

A hypoallergenic diet for children is based on similar principles. However, it is important to understand that an unreasonably long stay of a child on it can lead to protein-energy and micronutrient deficiency with impaired physical development. Such a strictly restrictive diet can only be used as a “starter” for 7-10 days, and after identifying the causative allergenic foods, the child should be transferred to an individually selected hypoallergenic diet.

If you have an allergy infant When breastfeeding, a hypoallergenic diet is prescribed to the nursing mother. At the same time, it is not recommended to cancel breastfeeding, given its benefits for the child’s health compared to artificial feeding. When mixed feeding, you cannot immediately exclude complementary foods containing vital nutrients, especially products containing animal proteins (meat, cottage cheese, dairy/fermented milk products), minerals and vitamins (vegetables, fruits).

A careful individual approach to the selection of complementary feeding products is required, taking into account their tolerance. If a child has an allergy to cow's milk proteins, you should switch to feeding with specially developed infant formulas-hydrolysates, which are created by complete or partial hydrolysis of milk proteins (whey proteins or casein). In the presence of mild forms of allergy to cow's milk proteins, therapeutic and prophylactic mixtures “Nutrilak GA”, “Nutrilon Pepti TSC”, “Alfare”, “Tutteli-Peptidi” and others are recommended. Such mixtures can be prescribed for up to 3 months or more, starting from the first days of a child’s life.

When allergies appear in children after 3 years of age, it is important to develop a hypoallergenic diet that, along with taking into account physiological needs for a specific age and physical activity of a child in basic macro/micronutrients and energy needs would reduce the allergenic load on his body. In this way, you can achieve longer remission or complete relief from allergies. When creating a menu for children, it should be taken into account that in most of them, tolerance to the allergen product gradually increases and school age may even disappear.

When creating recipes for dishes for such children, it is important to know that tolerance to a number of products (milk, chicken protein) increases significantly when consuming cooked foods. When developing an individual diet for a child, you can take the standard 5 GA Diet as a basis and, based on its principles, create an individual diet for the child. full menu.

Advantages and disadvantages

Reviews and results

According to patient reviews, a hypoallergenic diet can minimize the severity of clinical manifestations and increase periods of remission when it occurs. chronic course.

• “...About 3 years ago I started suffocating because I couldn’t breathe stuffed nose. Then a feeling of tightness in the chest and tears began to appear, the eyelids swelled, and small red dots appeared on the skin, very itchy. I contacted an allergist. During the examination, it turned out that I had such a reaction to flour - I work as a baker at a bakery. I had to apply for a transfer to another job and exclude from the diet all products containing flour and cereals. A month later, my condition improved significantly, but I love bread so much that sometimes I break down. The rash appears again, and I go on a diet”;
• “... A diet in combination with antihistamines. When the first allergic reaction occurs, I cleanse the body (take an adsorbent and fast for 1-2 days), then go on a diet”;
• “... I have been allergic for almost two years now. I don’t know exactly what I can and cannot eat, and what food causes my allergies, so I try to stick to a general hypoallergenic diet and take Enterosgel during exacerbations”;
• “...I have been an allergy sufferer for almost 10 years. At first I was skeptical about the diet, considering it something unimportant in treatment. I hoped more for medications, but over time I realized that diet is the most important part of treatment and now at the first sign I go on a diet.”

Diet price

The hypoallergenic diet includes accessible and inexpensive foods. Financial costs are about 1290-1360 rubles per week.

NOTE! The information about diets on the site is for reference and general information, collected from publicly available sources and cannot serve as a basis for making a decision about their use. Before using the diet, be sure to consult a dietitian.

medside.ru

Nutrition for skin allergies in adults

The opinion that allergies are only hereditary is erroneous. With development modern technologies and environmental deterioration, it is very easy to get such a disease in adulthood. It develops as a result of improper liver function and poor functioning of the body's immune system. In this case, a hypoallergenic diet plays an important role, the observance of which is a prerequisite.

Causes of skin allergies

Human immunity is sufficient a complex system, which is the first to suffer from stress, irritants and disruptions. With its malfunctions, it lets you know that at some point or through some event something went wrong. And if the immune system is weak, then an inadequate reaction will manifest itself to almost everything. So, allergies show themselves through skin rashes, first of all. A huge burden is placed on immune system due to the rapid development of diversified industries. And if the body has developed antibodies to certain substances over many decades, then new ones, such as modern fabrics, paints, fragrances, medicines, are pathogenic agents.

Everyone knows such an organ as the liver. It is considered a “filter” for our body. If it does not function sufficiently, all toxins are not removed from the body, which gradually accumulate and seek release through the skin. This is how food allergies often manifest themselves. From this we can conclude that when treating skin allergies, one should not forget about the prevention of liver diseases.

Allergens of our time

Probably no one will doubt that food allergies should be called the main one on this list. We all love to eat delicious food. But not everything that tastes good is healthy. Instant foods and long-term storage are enemies to our body. Abuse of them will cause allergies even in completely healthy person. Fans of citrus and red fruits should also be careful. Surely at least once in their lives they suffered from dermatosis, but did not give it any importance. In general, you should be careful with foods, especially with something new to your diet. Always monitor your skin's reaction to them. It is better to keep a food diary where you will enter your entire daily diet, so that later there will be no problems identifying the cause.

The second place is confidently taken by pollen allergy or hay fever. Pollen, when entering the body and on the mucous membranes, it serves as an allergen, and the immune system shows this by hives over the entire surface skin. With this disease, there are often accompanying symptoms: allergies to house dust, pets. Don't forget about sun allergies, which are accompanied by terrible itching, burning and burns. If treatment is not taken in time, then even with the slightest exposure to sunlight, photodermatosis will immediately appear on unprotected areas of the skin (hands, face, décolleté), and then spread over the entire surface.

Many chronic viral diseases lead to allergies. Well, don’t forget about the factor of heredity. Many scientists have long proven that emotional and psychological condition a person affects the functioning of his immune system. Therefore, it is recommended to avoid negative stressful situations.

How does an allergy manifest itself on the skin?

The most common type of rash is urticaria. These are blisters in the form of red papules. Outwardly similar to stinging nettle grass. The rash is very difficult to trace - the blisters appear and disappear each time in a new place. They reach up to 15-20 centimeters in diameter. And upon contact with any chemicals, natural fabrics, or synthetics, contact dermatitis occurs. It appears as a pinpoint rash at the site of contact. Quite difficult to treat.

How to eat if you have skin rashes?

As soon as you notice a rash and are convinced that it is an allergy, switch to a hapoallergenic diet. With such a diet, it is necessary to completely exclude foods with a high degree of allergenicity from your diet. Such nutrition should be as balanced as possible: the daily diet includes sufficient quantity protein, carbohydrates, vitamins and fats. You also need to limit yourself to salty foods; it is better to give up salt altogether for a while. It is worth drinking the prescribed amount of purified non-carbonated water (2 liters), which helps remove toxins from the body. By calorie content daily menu should not exceed 3000 kcal. Try to eat a little, but often (5-7 times), the so-called fractional meals.

In order to create a diet for yourself, you need to familiarize yourself with the prohibited, possible and permitted food products during the allergy period:

Highly allergenic products	All seafood; Eggs, cow's milk; Red fruits and berries; Coffee; Alcohol; Smoked meats; Chocolate; Seasonings and spices; Nuts; Fat meat; Fresh baked goods.
Products allowed in small doses	Chicken and veal meat; Green pepper, potatoes; Apricot and peach; Peas and beans; Rice, buckwheat, corn; Cottage cheese; Mutton; Bananas; Beets, carrots.
Products useful for allergies	Boiled River fish; Ryazhenka, kefir; Boiled chicken and beef; oatmeal; Pearl barley; Olive oil; White currants, green apples; Water without gas; Dried fruit compotes; Zucchini, cucumber, cabbage.

Almost all dishes must be boiled without the use of table salt. If you decide to make your own broth, then you need to change it 2-3 times, not only meat, but also fish. Eggs, when boiled, must undergo maximum heat treatment - 15 minutes.

• At the first stage, eating food at all is prohibited for one to two days. You can only drink purified, non-carbonated water. The amount of water should be at least 1.5 liters.
• The second stage is to introduce foods into the diet that do not cause allergic reactions. This is yesterday's bread, vegetable broths, rice and buckwheat. A prerequisite is the exclusion of allergenic products.
• If you notice a decrease in symptoms, then in the third stage you are allowed to eat boiled beef and chicken, some vegetables, not strong tea. You can also use biscuits. At this stage, you should split up your diet - eat up to 5 times a day.

It is worth noting that even in moments of exacerbation, nutrition should be as varied as possible in order to saturate the body with all vitamins and microelements.

First courses should be vegetarian only. It’s better to steam meat. Under no circumstances should you eat what was prepared yesterday, since even when stored at low temperatures, fermentation processes occur. Only freshly cooked food! Any cereals should be cooked only with water, but not with milk. Eating casseroles (vegetables), puddings, carrot and potato pancakes cooked in olive oil is encouraged.

Food diary: what is it?

Those who have ever encountered allergic manifestations have heard of a food diary. Its essence is to record absolutely all the foods you eat and any reaction to them. Such a diary is especially relevant when reintroducing previously excluded foods into the diet. The diary is kept daily for at least two months. With its help, it will be quite easy for an allergist to identify the allergen and prescribe the correct course of treatment. And the sooner you start it, the better for you.

How to conduct it?

When recording a product in your diary, describe it. Just the names of the dishes, without their detailed description, do not make sense. For example:

• Bread: rye, seeded, baked goods, etc.;
• Fish: perch, cod, boiled, steamed;
• Cheese: “Russian”, “Poshekhonsky”, 50% fat, low-fat, cheese product;
• Milk: fresh, boiled, condensed, cow, goat;
• Eggs: soft-boiled, raw, boiled, yolk, white.

It would not be amiss to indicate their shelf life and storage conditions. A prerequisite is to enter the hours of food intake accurate to the minute. Allergic manifestations should be recorded with the same temporal accuracy. It should be noted that a repeated reaction is observed in the first 2-3 hours after taking the allergen. If you suspect a certain product, exclude it from your diet for three to four days. After the symptoms subside, try administering it again in very small doses. If the rash appears again, you can be sure that it is he who is the culprit of all the troubles. Stop using this product for at least three months.

Example of keeping a food diary

Time of receipt	Menu	Grams	Symptoms	Suspected allergenic foods
Monday
8:00	Boiled buckwheat porridge butter wheat bread green tea without sugar.
11:30	Vegetable broth (cabbage, potatoes, onions, parsley) oatmeal, melted butter, steamed chicken meatballs, Rye bread, dried fruits compote.	150 g, 200 g, 60 g, 150 g.	Rash in the form small pimples on the cheeks.	Potato - ?
15:00	Galette cookies, kefir, cabbage salad (white cabbage), cucumber and vegetable oil.		Same symptoms, no worsening.
19:00	Mashed potatoes, butter, boiled hake fish, kefir, Rye bread.	150 g, 100 g, 100 g,	The appearance of a rash on the hands.

Some misconceptions about the diet for skin allergies

1. Dieting throughout life. It is a myth. The diet is followed only during periods of exacerbation and to identify the allergen product. It is also worth adhering to it during treatment. It will take 1-2 months. Then all the foods you are used to are gradually introduced into your diet.
2. Many people believe that the diet is only for adults. This is wrong. Doctors have developed many hypoallergenic diets for children of all ages.
3. There is an opinion that during this period some types of alcohol that do not contain ethyl alcohol are allowed. It is worth noting here: alcohol, in any form and composition, is strictly prohibited.
4. People who complain about allergies usually go to a dermatologist or allergist. But doctors in these categories cannot prescribe the right diet for you. It is compiled only by a nutritionist based on the results obtained and a conclusion from a dermatologist.

allergiainfo.ru

Baby food menu for allergies - dietary feeding

For many reasons, more and more children are experiencing allergies in infancy. Very often, such a disorder manifests itself in children in the form of skin lesions of various types: seborrhea, exudative diathesis, diaper rash or milk scab (hyperemia of the cheeks with white blisters and scales). Such manifestations are usually characteristic of babies under one year old, and in an older child diathesis exudative form most often affects the areas under the knees, elbows or hands. A complication of the disease is neurodermatitis, when eczema forms on the skin surface, causing unbearable itching, which worsens the general condition of the allergy sufferer, causes sleep disturbances, and increases irritability. As a result, the child’s physical volume is impaired and weight loss is observed, so children need a specific diet.

Lifestyle of an allergy sufferer

Most likely, the increase in allergic pathologies in children is due to the nuances of modern food production, which involve the use of various kinds of emulsifiers, preservatives or dyes such as tetrazine. Since a cure for allergies is impossible, parents have to exclude from the sick child’s menu all foods whose consumption results in a specific reaction.

In the case of children under one year of age, allergies are usually caused by cow's milk-based products. When infants begin to introduce complementary foods, a similar reaction may occur to various fruit and vegetable purees and juices (usually red, orange or yellow color), fish and eggs. Allergies sometimes result in consumption of potatoes, since the pancreas is not able to process potato starch. At an older age, allergens may include citrus fruits and nuts, chocolate and honey, and fish, cocoa and fish products (smoked meats, crab sticks, caviar, etc.), as well as various sodas like Cola or Fanta.

A mother can identify an allergen on her own if she keeps a diary of the child’s menu, where it is necessary to enter data about all the products the baby consumes and reactions to them. Typically, foods to which a child is hypersensitive cause an almost immediate reaction in the body in the form of a rash, skin hyperemia, intestinal disorders, etc. For safety reasons, it is recommended to feed the baby a new product in small doses and preferably in the morning, so that the mother can notice possible signs of an allergy in time . In the absence of specific reactions, the amount of the newly introduced product can be increased. If signs similar to allergies do appear, it is necessary to exclude this type of product, as well as sensitizing substances from the children's menu.

Rules for therapeutic nutrition for allergy sufferers

There are many culinary secrets thanks to which a mother can prepare dishes for her baby with minimal allergenicity. Before preparing porridge, it is recommended to soak the cereal for a couple of hours to remove harmful impurities from it. Peeled raw potatoes will also benefit from a three-hour soak in cold water - this will remove starch and nitrates from the root crop. When cooking meat, it is advisable to change the water after bringing it to a boil, and when the dish is finally ready, it is recommended to remove the layer of fat that usually forms on top. Healthy dishes for children, and adults too, are dishes that are steamed, baked, stewed or boiled.

Fruit allergens tend to be destroyed by the high heat associated with cooking. As a result, products that are dangerous allergens become very harmless after appropriate heat treatment.

Feeding a child who is prone to allergic reactions requires the mandatory exclusion of possible allergens from the children's menu. If we are talking about allergies infancy If you are on mixed or completely artificial feeding, and suffer from reactions to cow's milk, then it is recommended to choose food for your baby based on low-lactose or soy formulas. Since such children do not receive dairy products at all, it is advisable to introduce complementary foods earlier than for children without allergies. For example, vegetable-based purees begin to be given little by little as early as three months of age, and porridges cooked with fruit and vegetable broth - at four months of age.

From about the fifth month, the gradual introduction of meat into the children's menu begins. If a child is sensitive to milk, an aggravation may begin even when eating beef, so it is recommended to feed hypersensitive babies with turkey meat or lean pork. Instead of milk or kefir, allergists advise children with hypersensitivity to be given some new vegetable puree for the third complementary feeding.

If a child’s allergy manifests itself as exudative diathesis, allergists advise introducing vegetable oil into the diet, which is used to season salads, add to cereals, pureed vegetables, casseroles and other dishes.

But fish dishes are not included in baby food for allergy sufferers up to the age of one. When it comes to fish, experts urge you to be careful, since it is one of the products that are obligate allergens. New dishes should be introduced into a child’s diet carefully, in minimal quantities. At this age, children usually tolerate juices made from currants, apples, bananas or pears quite well. Rice, oatmeal, pearl barley or buckwheat porridges introduced for allergies are cooked in fruit or vegetable broth; it is also advisable to soak the cereals before cooking. It is preferable to prepare vegetable puree based on cabbage, pumpkin or zucchini. The diet does not recommend giving pureed potato puree; it is better to mix it with an equal share of zucchini or cabbage, and soak the potatoes in cold water before boiling.

Diet for allergy sufferers

Baby food for older allergy sufferers requires more complex organization and a strict approach from parents. The therapeutic diet is carried out in several stages and lasts quite a long time:

• At the initial stage, which lasts about two weeks and occurs during the acute allergic period, the diet requires a complete rejection of all products to which there is sensitivity, including potentially allergenic ones. At this stage, baby food should not contain marinades, smoked meats, broths, spicy, salty, fried and spicy foods. In strictly limited quantities The diet allows feeding children dairy products, flour and cereals; it is recommended to limit sugar or salt.
• The second stage begins after the main allergic symptoms. It lasts about two to three months. At this stage, the therapeutic diet prohibits feeding children suffering from allergies with foods containing substances that cause a hypersensitive reaction, as well as dishes that contribute to cross-reactions.
• When all clinical manifestations of allergies disappear in children, the recovery stage can begin, in which the diet involves the gradual introduction of potentially dangerous foods. Products that are known to be allergens should not be included in the diet.

The therapeutic diet requires the most careful return to the children's diet of foods to which the child previously had hypersensitivity. It is recommended to give previously allergenic foods literally a spoonful, preferably in the morning, and then you need to carefully monitor the child’s condition. If there is no recurrent allergy, then you can gradually stop eating the diet. If the therapeutic diet was strictly followed and all necessary restrictions were observed, then adolescence The child will be able to completely get rid of allergies.

What can a person with allergies eat?

Since children who are hypersensitive to certain foods are prescribed a specific hypoallergenic diet, it will be useful for mothers to become familiar with what exactly is allowed in the diet of a little allergy sufferer.

Vegetable dishes

Hypersensitive children can eat vegetable dishes based on cabbage and zucchini, cucumbers and onions, celery and Jerusalem artichoke, squash and herbs (parsley, bay leaf, dill, etc.). You can also give potatoes, but they require a preliminary 12-hour soaking with periodic water changes. Vegetable dishes can be steamed or baked with the addition of meat, cooked in the form of stew, soup or puree.

Meat products

Among the varieties of meat, children with allergies can be given turkey and lean pork, rabbit and horse meat, as well as lamb. You can use them to make meatballs, steamed meatballs, minced meat with gravy, etc.

Cereal and grain dishes

For allergy sufferers childhood you can eat quite a lot of different porridges like buckwheat and rice, oatmeal and millet, corn and peas. Porridge can be cooked with the addition of permitted fruits and berries, with minced meat, with vegetables, etc. As for grain products, the use of dietary bread and Darnitsky bread is allowed.

Beverages

The diet of a small allergy sufferer should include a variety of drinks. Such children are allowed to drink white or green tea, still mineral water or fruit and berry compotes made from permitted fruits. For formula-fed infants, formulas based on whey proteins or casein are allowed. They can also eat hypoallergenic purees from fruits and berries or vegetables, meat purees with lamb, rabbit or turkey, preferably without starch.

Fruit and berry dishes

The diet of small allergy sufferers also allows the consumption of fruit and berry products. It is allowed to give such allergy sufferers green pears or apples, white cherries or currants, and yellow plums. In general, it is recommended to eat seasonal fruits, just cut off the skins first.

With berries or fruits, many mothers prepare unusual desserts such as cottage cheese or rice-apple casserole, rice cookies, etc.

Prohibited Products

Regardless of the allergen causing the reaction, it is not recommended to feed hypersensitive children the following foods:

• Sausages, sausages and smoked meats;
• Beef, goose, duck meat;
• Fish and fish products, seafood;
• Sauces and seasonings such as mustard, vinegar, horseradish, mayonnaise or ketchup;
• Cheeses, cow's milk;
• Eggs;
• Bright vegetables, berries or fruits like pineapple, kiwi, strawberries or citrus fruits;
• Chocolate, cocoa and derivative products;
• Foods and drinks containing preservatives, flavors and dyes (soda, etc.);
• All types of nuts (peanuts are especially dangerous);
• Ice cream;
• Foods containing sugar, honey, baked goods and flour products;
• Mushrooms.

The appropriate diet must be fully agreed with the allergist. Diet No. 5, often used for gastrointestinal diseases, is quite suitable as a hypoallergenic diet. With the right approach, food intolerance in children can stop completely; you just need to follow the recommendations of an allergist and your treating pediatrician.

If a child develops an allergy to any irritant, he has to say goodbye to his usual life. During this period, the main thing is to alleviate the baby’s condition, eliminating any negative impact. If the question concerns a food reaction, then a diet for allergies in a child must be followed.

Why is diet important for allergies?

Allergic spots on the body of a child under one year old

An allergic reaction is caused by the effect of an irritant on the body. Therefore, in addition to drug therapy, a set of measures is necessary, including eliminating the influence of the allergen and introducing a hypoallergenic diet.
Switching to a diet menu is necessary for:

treatment of allergies, since changing diet eliminates allergens;

diagnostics, that is, identifying an irritant from a list of food products.

Hypoallergenic nutrition is especially important for allergies in young children. During this period, it is possible to quickly identify the source of the allergy due to a limited list of foods consumed by the child. It is also necessary to check the body’s reaction to other allergic foods in order to avoid complications in the future.

Diet stages

If allergies occur, it is important to start eating in a timely manner, in accordance with the hypoallergenic menu. At different stages of an allergic reaction, food includes a specific list of products and also differs in characteristics.

1. The initial stage of an allergic reaction, characterized by acute manifestations, includes the most stringent nutritional requirements. During this period, there is a refusal of all products that not only give a negative reaction in children, but can also potentially cause allergies.
2. After the acute period has subsided and symptoms have decreased over several months, a menu is introduced that includes only hypoallergenic food. At this stage, foods with increased allergic potential and substances that can cause cross-allergy are excluded.
3. When the allergy goes away, nutrition goes into the body's recovery stage. During this period, you can try to introduce previously prohibited dishes with mandatory monitoring of reactions. Substances that irritate the body are strictly excluded.

It must be remembered that nutrition should be balanced and enriched with healthy foods.

Nutrition during the acute period of allergies

Children with allergies may experience varying degrees of reaction symptoms.
In the moment acute stage disease, it is necessary to adhere to a certain diet. The child is prescribed a strict diet. During this period, hyperreactivity of the body is observed.
As a result of this, it can intensify the reaction to the stimulus, as well as respond with negative manifestations to familiar foods. Therefore, a diet is followed for allergies in a child.
The strongest food allergens are the most severe and especially dangerous foods for allergy sufferers:

seafood, fish products, caviar;

• cheeses and yoghurts;

  eggs and processed with its content;

  smoked products;

  preserved and pickled products;

• spices and herbs;

  citrus;

  fresh berries and fruits;

These products can cause a surge in an allergic reaction, even if the initial allergy was not of a food nature.
Also from the menu it is necessary to categorically exclude:

meat and fish broths;

salt and salty foods;

fried food;

sausages, sausages, ham;

Despite beneficial features Some vegetables, for allergy sufferers, such fresh fruits can have a detrimental effect. Prohibited vegetables include:

• bell pepper;

Negative consequences can also occur when introduced into the menu:

strawberries;

strawberries;

• peaches;

• grapes;

  sea ​​buckthorn;

It is strictly forbidden to consume margarine and fats with refractory properties during an exacerbation. As for drinks, you should avoid drinking coffee, cocoa, kvass, and fruit juices.

What is allowed to be consumed?

Parents of children suffering from allergies are often afraid to introduce foods into their diet. This is because they can cause a reaction. However, there are a large number of dishes that are allowed to be included in the menu during a hypoallergenic diet.

Vegetables and dishes made from them

Children can include dishes made from hypoallergenic vegetables into their diet. These include:

• celery;

  parsnip;

  squash.

When preparing dishes, you can add any herbs: parsley, dill, bay leaf.
Many mothers strive to add potato dishes to the menu. However, this vegetable is not hypoallergenic. Despite this, it is allowed to be included in children’s meals with one condition: before use, potatoes must be soaked in water for half a day. During this time, the tubers will “give up” unnecessary starch, which often becomes the cause of allergies.

Completely excluded vegetables: carrots, tomatoes, red bell peppers.

It is worth completely eliminating all red vegetables during the diet: tomatoes, carrots, red bell peppers. They contribute to the development of allergic reactions.
Since fried foods are excluded from the diet, vegetables can be stewed, steamed, or baked in the oven. The child is allowed to eat soups, stews, and purees.

Meat products

If you have an allergy, you should not give up meat. After all, it contains valuable minerals for children. However, during this period it is worth eating dietary types of meat. Children's nutrition should be enriched with healthy types of meat:

turkey;

rabbit;

• lean pork;

  lamb

You should avoid eating beef. This is because if you are allergic to milk, you may develop intolerance to beef. Therefore, it is worth eliminating all products that may contain cow protein.

Cereals

Cereals can be an excellent side dish and stand-alone dish for breakfast. In this case there are not many prohibitions. Almost all cereals are included in the menu for allergies in children. Allowed use:

• Hercules;

• corn;

You can also cook as a side dish green beans, which is sold fresh frozen.

Bread and butter

Hypoallergenic include flaxseed, sesame and olive oil.

Children are often allergic to wheat. The reaction occurs under the influence of the gluten protein. Therefore, when choosing bread, you should give preference to varieties that do not consist of wheat flour. You should also be careful with bread containing oats and barley.
Among the permitted types of bread are:

Darnitsky bread;

dietary bread without fiber, sugar and additives.

When preparing various dishes, it is allowed to add oils. In this case, it is better to refuse sunflower oil, replacing it with flaxseed, sesame or olive oil.

Fruits and sweets

If you have a food allergy, you should not completely give up fruits and sweets. Some products not only do not harm, but will also cheer up a little allergy sufferer. Children are allowed to eat:

pears and apples (green);

white cherries;

white currants;

yellow plums.

As with vegetables, you should avoid eating red fruits and berries. Watermelon is especially dangerous because during its cultivation it can absorb all harmful substances. Also, berries bought off the road can be toxic due to exposure to exhaust fumes.
Grapes are a heavy and dangerous fruit. It is not recommended for small children, especially those who are susceptible to allergies.

Children love sweets very much, but most often in large quantities they have a detrimental effect on the young body.

Dark grape varieties may cause the greatest reaction.
Sweets in large quantities can harm a child’s body. However, they cannot be completely excluded. After all, they contain glucose, which is necessary for the normal functioning of the brain. Therefore, if the source of a food allergy is known, then it is necessary to exclude exactly those foods that contain it.
Children often have a reaction to honey. Despite all the beneficial properties, it has an increased degree of allergenicity. Therefore, during the diet it should be completely excluded.

Beverages

During periods of food allergies, children are allowed to drink different kinds drinks. Among them are:

green and white tea;

still mineral water;

compote of permitted fruits and berries.

You should exclude store-bought juices from your daily menu, as they often cause allergies.

Approximate nutrition of a child during the diet

To diversify your diet during the allergy diet, you can think about the proposed menu for breakfast, lunch and dinner in advance.
For breakfast, it is recommended to eat porridge cooked in water:

buckwheat;

rice with apples;

wheat with currants.

You can also make pies with cabbage, fruit, and plum pie.
In the morning you can give your child tea or dried fruit compote.
For lunch, the first course should be a must. You can cook:

A diet for allergies in a child should be prepared only with the approval of a pediatrician or allergist. The doctor must evaluate how varied and rational baby food will be if allergens are excluded. He should also note new products, which in terms of nutrients and minerals should not be lower than those excluded from the diet.
By following the diet in children, the load on the organs and systems of the body is significantly reduced. Therefore, it becomes easier for them to deal with allergy symptoms. During this period, it is important for parents to support their child so that he enjoys proper nutrition. To track reactions, the mother should keep a diary in which she will note the number of products introduced and the child’s condition after consuming them. If there are no reactions, the introduction of new products can be continued.

Diet for allergies in children 1 year of age is of particular importance for the growth and development of the child. The baby's menu should contain all the necessary nutrients, while it is vital to exclude provoking foods from the diet.

It is necessary to balance the diet for an allergy sufferer based on age characteristics, food preferences, recommendations of a pediatrician or allergist.

Clinical picture

WHAT DOCTORS SAY ABOUT EFFECTIVE METHODS OF TREATING ALLERGIES

Vice-President of the Association of Children's Allergists and Immunologists of Russia. Pediatrician, allergist-immunologist. Smolkin Yuri Solomonovich

Practical medical experience: more than 30 years

According to the latest WHO data, it is allergic reactions in the human body that lead to the occurrence of most fatal diseases. And it all starts with the fact that a person has an itchy nose, sneezing, runny nose, red spots on the skin, and in some cases, suffocation. 7 million people die every year due to allergies , and the scale of the damage is such that the allergic enzyme is present in almost every person. Unfortunately, in Russia and the CIS countries, pharmaceutical corporations sell expensive medications that only relieve symptoms, thereby hooking people on one drug or another. This is why in these countries there is such a high percentage of diseases and so many people suffer from “non-working” drugs.

Ignoring the characteristics of childhood allergies and expecting that the child will “outgrow” himself can lead to the development serious illnesses, such as bronchial asthma, eczema, chronic intestinal disorders.

Milder cases are treated with delays in physical, emotional, and cognitive development.

Food allergies - causes and manifestations

More and more people are suffering from allergic diseases, and this often manifests itself in newborn children. Pathological irritants may include chemicals, household dust, fur and animal excretions, but most often allergies in infants begin with an inadequate reaction to food.

In mild cases, this is a reaction to errors in the mother’s diet during breastfeeding. In more severe cases, there is a congenital allergy to cow protein or complementary foods.

note! Dietary nutrition is the main condition for effective treatment for manifestations of food allergies in children.

Causes of food allergies in children:

• hereditary predisposition;
• errors in the mother's diet;
• early artificial feeding;
• incorrect diet when introducing complementary foods;
• overfeeding, unbalanced diet.

Adjusting the diet for allergies in children in the early stages can prevent the development of sensitization. You may suspect an allergic reaction in a child if any of the following symptoms are present.

Dermatological symptoms

Childhood diathesis is the most common manifestation of early childhood allergies due to an unsuitable diet. The child’s cheeks, places behind the ears (popularly called “scrofula”), the skin on the elbows, under the knees, and in the groin turn red.

A rash may appear on the chest and back. In advanced cases, redness or rash turns into weeping foci of inflammation. All this is accompanied by itching, childish anxiety, and crying. How to get rid of allergies?

If the diet is not adjusted at the first manifestations of allergies, then dermatitis and secondary infection of the skin may develop.

Children with food allergies often get colds. Diet violations lead to the addition of damage to the mucous membranes to the dermatological external symptoms.

Allergic manifestations of the respiratory system

The diet of children with food allergies is closely related to the functioning of their respiratory system. The newborn’s body responds to errors in the mother’s nutrition with inflammatory reactions in the nasopharynx and bronchi.

This is expressed in a “causeless” runny nose, low-grade fever, and difficulty breathing.

Digestive system symptoms

The mother's diet affects the digestion of children who are breastfed. To prevent the birth of a child with allergies, a woman during pregnancy is recommended to follow a hypoallergenic diet.

Food that is included in the group of strong allergens is prohibited. If a nursing mother adheres to a diet, and the newborn spits up a lot, suffers from colic, does not gain weight well, or has unstable stools, then one can suspect that he has a food allergy.

note! One of the manifestations of an allergic reaction of the body in children is persistent dysbiosis.

Food allergies in children are rarely limited to one manifestation. In an allergy sufferer, one can note a combination of negative manifestations of several body systems at the same time.

Diathesis is characterized by frequent colds. When a child with allergies suffers from indigestion, the skin becomes thinner, becomes dry and very sensitive. Errors in diet are immediately reflected on the skin with redness, rash, and itching.

What causes allergies?

When food sensitization occurs in children, it is important to identify foods that should be excluded from the allergy sufferer's diet. This point is key in effective therapy.

Sometimes it is enough to adjust the mother’s diet so that the baby’s manifestations of diathesis disappear. With age, sensitization to certain foods fades away in most cases. However, relying on the fact that the allergy will “go away on its own” is unacceptable.

Cross allergy

“Cross allergy” is a term that refers to an allergy to “related” foods that contain the same protein that triggers the food intolerance.

For example, if a child is allergic to cow's milk, then with a high degree of probability he will have high sensitization to beef, sour cream, cheese, butter, eggs and chicken. All these products contain albumin, a special protein that provokes allergies.

Food that is a potential allergen can be divided into three groups according to the degree of aggressiveness.

The main allergenic foods that should be excluded from an allergy sufferer's diet are presented in the table.

Characteristics of the group	Products included in the group (approximate set)
High probability of sensitization of the child’s body	Cow's milk and related products: beef, beef liver, dairy products, products prepared with or using cow's milk. Fish, seafood. Wheat products, semolina, products containing gluten. Chicken, eggs, meat broth (any). Sugar, chocolate, nuts, honey. Citrus fruits, pineapple, red berries, red and yellow vegetables, fruits.
Average degree of probability of sensitization of the child’s body	Rabbit, turkey, pork. Goat's milk, cottage cheese, fermented milk products (from cow's or goat's milk). Soy protein, potatoes, bananas, berries, rice, buckwheat.
Low degree of probability of sensitization of the child’s body	Fruits and berries that are not red, herbs and green vegetables, melons. Corn grits, millet.

Industrially processed products deserve special attention - they should be completely excluded from the diet of a nursing mother and the complementary feeding of a child with allergies.

Note! If you cannot refuse to use ready-made juices, purees, and curds, then be sure to have strict qualifications for children’s adaptation of food. Look for hypoallergenic baby food products.

Remember that industrially processed food contains preservatives, dyes, flavors, and sweeteners, which are the strongest allergens not only for children, but also for adults.

Manufacturers use chemical additives in the production of processed milk, fruit and vegetable purees, juices, soda, flavored teas, semi-finished meat products, sausages, sausages, etc.

How to find an allergen?

You can determine the allergen yourself only by monitoring the diet of the mother or baby if he eats autonomously. The doctor will advise you to keep a food diary, where you will need to write down everything you eat and drink during the week.

You should review your diet together with your doctor. Suspicious or clearly triggering foods are removed from the diet. The child’s reaction to those remaining in the diet is noted.

In most cases, if children are allergic to a new product immediately, the mother independently notices the baby’s negative reaction. She independently or on the recommendation of a pediatrician removes the allergen from the diet.

In difficult cases, when food allergies are combined with other types, special testing children to allergenic foods. The diet is adjusted based on examination data.

Diet for children of the first year of life

For newborns, the main and best food product is human milk. Breastfeeding should be maintained as long as possible in any available volume. If the mother does not have enough milk, then the baby needs to be supplemented with a hypoallergenic formula according to age.

note! If the baby is breastfed, then the mother’s diet should be adjusted, and not switched to feeding him an adapted formula.

Allergists recommend removing dairy products from the mother’s diet if the baby is prone to allergies. You can leave the porridge in milk, but boil the cereal first in water. Limit salt intake and eliminate sugar from your diet.

Table of prohibited products

	Carrots, tomatoes, bell peppers, celery, parsley root and greens, onions
Fruits (juices, compotes, jam, candied fruits, marshmallows)	All citrus fruits, mango, pomegranate
Berries (jam, compotes, fillings in confectionery products)	Strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, grapes, black currants.
Cereals	White rice
Dairy	Whole milk, homogenized, condensed milk, cream, sour cream
Cheeses, cottage cheese	Fatty, spicy, smoked cheeses, fatty cottage cheese
Meat and meat products	Pork, lard, fatty lamb. Sausages and sausages in any form
Bird	Duck, goose, smoked chicken
Fish and seafood	Fish in any form and any variety, fish caviar, canned fish, crabs, squid, shrimp
Oils and fats	All animal fats are prohibited, except moderate butter and vegetable oils: sunflower and olive.
Confectionery	Chocolates, pastries, cakes, ice cream, chocolate
Seasonings and sauces	Mayonnaise, spicy seasonings and sauces
Beverages	Alcohol, carbonated drinks, energy drinks, strong tea, coffee

In case of food allergies in children, complementary foods should be introduced with extreme caution. The baby's diet should include foods that are in the third group in terms of allergenicity.

Complementary foods are introduced at the following times:

• when breastfeeding at 6 months;
• with artificial - a month earlier.

In case of severe allergies, the period of the first complementary feeding can be delayed up to 9 months.

Hypoallergenic purees from zoned vegetables are given as the first complementary foods. For up to a year, exclude eggs, tomatoes, red berries, compotes and jelly based on them.

An allergy to potatoes forces bananas to be excluded from the diet, although they are a good complementary feeding option for healthy children. In case of allergies, white bread and cookies (only for children) are introduced into the diet with caution.

note! The general rule for safe complementary feeding is 1 product per week. Gradual changes in diet allow children's bodies to more fully adapt to nutrition.

The second complementary food is porridge with water or with the addition of milk. A diet for an allergy sufferer excludes semolina and rice porridge. Next, meat food is introduced into the diet.

It is of great importance for full-fledged formation children's bodies. Hypoallergenic meat is rabbit, turkey, lean beef. Chicken, although it is popularly considered a light food, can appear in the diet of children with allergies only at 2 years of age.

Nutrition for children after one year

The allergy diet varies depending on age. So it is not recommended to give fish to children under 3 years of age. Poultry and rabbit meat are introduced up to 9 one month old. A sufficient amount of protein is of great importance for the development of a child's body.

When compiling diet menu If you have allergies, you should alternate protein foods (meat, cottage cheese, eggs), and make the most of plant proteins.

Note! IN Lately There is a tendency to develop allergies to soy protein. Experts attribute this to the large number of soy-based hypoallergenic food products for children. You should not give your child soy products unless such a diet is prescribed by an allergist.

Sample menu for a week for a child from 2 years old

day of the week	breakfast	dinner	afternoon tea	dinner	5th meal
Monday	oatmeal with milk, black tea	vegetarian borscht, potato casserole with minced poultry	green apple	cottage cheese casserole, chicory drink	kefir
Tuesday	vermicelli casserole, milk tea	puree soup from Brussels sprouts, steamed meatballs with pasta	pear	rice milk porridge, rosehip drink	milk
Wednesday	millet porridge with milk and pumpkin, tea	rice soup with water, mashed potatoes with steamed beef cutlet	banana	vegetable casserole with minced meat	yogurt
Thursday	corn porridge, milk tea	Beetroot soup with vegetable broth and sour cream, vegetable stew with rabbit	cookies with milk	zucchini fritters	children's cottage cheese
Friday	oatmeal with milk, chicory (drink)	Puree soup with beans, boiled meat	baked apple	vegetables stewed with rabbit meat	kefir
Saturday	oatmeal, rosehip infusion	cabbage soup with chicken, vegetable casserole	fruit mousse	potatoes with boiled chicken	yogurt
Sunday	“Friendship” porridge rice + millet with milk, tea	vermicelli soup with meatballs, stewed vegetables	cookies or fruit	rice casserole	children's cottage cheese

When creating a menu for the week, you should understand that a child with allergies may not want the proposed dish. You should not force feed him. Portions should be moderate, and the amount eaten is regulated by the child’s appetite (excluding overeating).

If you are prone to allergies, it is important to follow the cooking rules in baby food:

• first courses are prepared without the use of strong meat and fish broths;
• dishes are not fried, but stewed, boiled, baked, poached or steamed;
• do not use vinegar or other marinades in cooking;
• do not use sugar, animal fats, or tomato paste.

A diet for allergies should include a wide range of permitted foods in order to maximally saturate the body with nutrients. As soon as restrictions on a product are lifted, it is immediately added to the main diet.

What can children with allergies eat on a diet?

The table below shows permitted foods for those children who are on a diet due to food allergies.

Vegetables and herbs (fresh, boiled, processed)	cabbage of any variety, zucchini, eggplant, onions, dill, fresh cucumbers, beans, asparagus
Fruits	pears, green apples, peaches, nectarine
Berries	gooseberries, black currants
Cereals	buckwheat, pearl barley, corn grits, hercules
Dairy	kefir, ayran, fermented baked milk with a fat content not exceeding 1%
Cheeses, cottage cheese	pickled cheeses, suluguni, low-fat cottage cheese
Meat and meat products	boiled beef, stewed
Bird	chicken, turkey, preferably white meat without skin
Fish and seafood	seaweed
Oils and fats	sunflower, flaxseed, olive oil
Confectionery	fruit and berry mousses in limited quantities
Nuts, dried fruits	sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds, flax seeds, dried apricots
Beverages	green tea, chicory, rose hip decoction, dried apple compote without sugar

A strict hypoallergenic diet is followed until the moment when the external manifestations of allergies completely disappear in children. As a rule, in children aged 3-4 years it takes from 1 to 3 months. Then you should gradually, like complementary feeding for a baby, introduce new foods into the diet, moving “from simple to complex.”

It is very good if parents have the opportunity to purchase food from trusted manufacturers. It is important to cook for children at home, using simple ingredients, avoiding semi-finished products and canned foods with a long shelf life in the diet.

Video

By the term allergy, doctors mean a special condition (hypersensitivity) of the body to various substances, upon contact with which various negative reactions occur: redness of the eyelids, skin rash, sneezing, tearing, swelling. A hypoallergenic diet is one of the treatment options for this disease, which involves excluding highly allergenic products from the menu. It helps to identify the cause of negative reactions, relieve stress from the body and improve the immune system.

A hypoallergenic diet plan is necessarily included in the treatment at the initial stages of an allergy examination. It is prescribed to all children for whom the cause of the allergy could not be determined, children with weakened immune systems, with atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and a history of Quincke's edema. Sometimes hypoallergenic nutrition is recommended for nursing women to prevent allergies in newborns and to improve the quality of breast milk.

General rules

Nutrition for allergies in children should be physiologically complete, but gentle. It is necessary to limit salt intake to 7 grams per day. Preferred culinary processing of products is boiling, stewing, steaming, baking. Prepare first courses in meat broth with three changes of liquid, especially when cooking chicken, fatty meat or fish. It is advisable to eat small meals, at least 4 times a day.

If your child's feet or fingers swell, or bags under the eyes appear after sleep, limit fluid intake to 1-1.2 liters of water per day. The chemical and energy composition of a hypoallergenic diet for children is as follows:

• proteins (vegetable and animal) – 90 grams;
• fats – 80 grams;
• carbohydrates – 400 grams;
• daily calorie content of dishes is 2800 kcal.

Before moving on to building a menu, you need to understand the rules of diet therapy:

• At the first symptoms of an allergy in a child, limit salt intake to a minimum (3-5 grams per day). Since this disease is accompanied inflammatory process, and salt contributes to swelling, you need to remove all pickles from your baby’s menu, including sausages.
• For the same reason, give your baby more calcium-rich foods. This microelement promotes quick withdrawal inflammation, and also strengthens the walls blood vessels, teeth and bones. It is better to add cottage cheese, cheese, milk to the menu. If you are allergic to these products, you need to replace them with analogues with the same level of calcium.
• It is important to remove from the menu not only the main allergens, but also those products that cause a cross-reaction. For example, if your baby is allergic to milk, you need to stop giving him cottage cheese, cream, and sour cream.
• When preparing dishes, use only fresh and high-quality products. You should not buy products with dyes, flavors, food additives and various modifiers that extend their shelf life.

The duration of the diet can vary from two to three weeks to several months, or even years.. When the symptoms of the disease stop appearing, after 2-3 days from the moment of improvement, you can gradually return excluded foods to the diet. This must be done strictly one at a time, moving from low-allergenic to highly allergenic. A new ingredient is introduced once every three days. If an exacerbation occurs, it means that the last component of the diet is allergenic and should be abandoned completely.

Hypoallergenic products

The list of permitted products, as well as the list of prohibited ingredients, may vary depending on the individual characteristics of the small patient. The final menu option should be discussed with your doctor. Often the following products are allowed to be included in children's diets:

• meat - boiled beef, skinless chicken fillet, turkey, rabbit;
• vegetarian soups made from permitted vegetables;
• vegetable oils – sesame, olive, sunflower;
• porridge – buckwheat, oatmeal, rice, semolina (in limited quantities);
• dairy products - goat milk and cheeses made from it, yogurt, natural yogurt;
• vegetables - cucumbers, cabbage, lettuce, greens, potatoes, green peas, pumpkin, turnips, zucchini, squash;
• hypoallergenic fruits - green apples, pears, red currants, gooseberries, plums, prunes, peaches, bananas;
• tea, dried fruit compotes;
• dried white bread, crackers, unleavened cakes, lavash.

Sweets for allergy sufferers

If your child suffers from allergies, this is not a reason to completely deny him sweets. Many delicious treats today it is easy to replace more healthy food. As an alternative, for guys who really love chocolate but suffer from milk allergies, you can offer a bitters bar with high content cocoa or nougat. This product does not contain milk.

A child over one year old can be pleased with marshmallows, marshmallows, and waffles with fruit filling. They contain pectin. This element is beneficial for the body, as it improves the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. When purchasing such treats, you should carefully read the ingredients: it should not contain dyes, chocolate, or flavorings. The following food additives pose a great danger to children:

• E 321 or butylated hydroxytoluene is a popular antioxidant;
• E 220-27 – sulfates;
• E 249-52 – nitrates;
• E210-19 – benzoic acid derivatives;
• E 200-203 – sorbic acid;
• E 122, 102, 110, 124, 127, 151 – dyes;
• B 550-553 – flavorings;
• E 621-25 – glutamates of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium.

You can find a good substitute for confectionery products with food additives: dried fruits, homemade ice cream or marmalade, gluten-free baked goods, gingerbread cookies. Many kids will happily eat frozen juice made from natural fruits and sweet popcorn. Do not offer your baby tartlets, store-bought muffins, or other rich baked goods. egg white and margarine. Choose cookies that are not too sweet and low in fat:

• oatmeal;
• cracker;
• biscuits.

If you want to treat your baby to candy, you should give preference to milk-based sweets without chocolate: Toffee, Korovka, School. Store-bought candy bars like Snickers and Twix can easily be replaced with pressed muesli and a vitamin treat from the pharmacy - Hematogen. If your child is not allergic to honey and nuts, you can include halva in your diet.

Highly allergenic foods

There are many allergens among food products that can provoke unpleasant symptoms and become very dangerous if the disease worsens. Doctors identify the following products that have a negative effect on allergy sufferers:

• fish and seafood, including caviar;
• minced meat and meat, except what is listed above;
• citrus fruits – oranges, tangerines;
• all types of nuts;
• orange and red fruits or berries - pineapples, strawberries, strawberries, grapes, persimmons, melon, pomegranates;
• vegetables - beets, carrots, tomatoes, celery, radishes, radishes, horseradish, eggplants;
• chocolate;
• coffee;
• confectionery and baked goods;
• eggs;
• cow's milk and fermented milk products with cow proteins;
• wheat;
• spices and sauces - mayonnaise, ketchup, mustard, soy;
• legumes;
• mushrooms;
• canned, salted and pickled products;
• carbonated drinks;
• smoked meats

For children under one year old

If an allergy is detected in a breastfed newborn, the principles of a hypoallergenic diet should be followed by the nursing mother. It is worth removing from the menu all products that can serve as provocateurs of the disease. However, it is not recommended to stop breastfeeding. Complementary foods for children with food allergies should be introduced gradually, adding no more than 3-4 new ingredients to the diet per month.

The introduction of complementary foods should start with vegetable purees or cereals without milk, sugar and salt. Acquaintance with a new diet should begin with monocomponent dishes: if it is vegetable puree, then it should consist of one vegetable, porridge - of one grain. Experts advise introducing meat dishes into a baby’s menu no earlier than 6 months. For allergy sufferers, it is better to cook food from rabbit or turkey fillet. If you prefer to feed your baby artificial formula, choose products without cow protein and casein. The following hypoallergenic cereals have proven themselves to be effective:

• Nutrilak GA;
• Alfare;
• Tutteli-peptidi;
• Nan soy;
• Similak Hypoallergenic;
• Nan-2;
• Nutrilon Pepti TSC.

Hypoallergenic diet menu

A child's body fights allergies much better than an adult. In this regard, a hypoallergenic diet for children is prescribed for a short period of time - up to 10 days. A sample menu for young children with allergies should look like this:

Meal time		Serving volume, grams
	Viscous buckwheat porridge
	Tea or peach juice
	Galette cookies
	Vegetarian soup with potatoes and chicken meatballs
	Steam cutlet
	Boiled rice
	Rose hip decoction
	Biokefir
	Oat cookies
	Cabbage salad
	Vegetable stew with cauliflower and meat
	Tea or kefir
*The amount of savory bread per day should not exceed 150 grams

Specific diet

In the presence of various diseases and allergic symptom complexes, in case of allergies to a specific type of food, doctors prescribe a specific diet. Compared to the general hypoallergenic food system, it has fewer restrictions, but you will most likely have to follow such a scheme throughout your life. In young children and adolescents, the following are common:

• food allergies;
• skin allergic reactions;
• respiratory type allergies.

For food allergies in children

If there is an irritant in food, the first thing parents should do is take their child to the doctor and ask for allergy testing. When the main trigger allergen has been identified, it is better to exclude it from the baby’s menu, and along with it, remove the entire chain of cross-products. There are several basic dietary tables, each of which has its own list of prohibited foods:

1. Eating without milk involves a complete rejection of sour cream, cottage cheese, ice cream, cakes, chocolate, sausage, cow's milk, and butter.
2. Diet for hypersensitivity to chicken protein implies the exclusion of chicken meat, eggs, confectionery products that contain protein, sausages, sausages, mayonnaise.
3. A diet for food allergies in children to fish requires exclusion from the diet of all canned fish, caviar, seafood, and the fish itself (no matter whether it is sea or river).
4. A hypoallergenic diet for children sensitive to grains involves the exclusion of bread, baked goods, cereals (semolina, pearl barley, barley), pasta, noodles, cookies, bagels, and pastries.

If you have any type of food intolerance, you should completely avoid eating foods containing food colorings. It is not recommended to include cakes, pastries, and puddings covered with sweet icing in the children's diet. In the future, parents should be careful about new dishes and fruits, especially if they are planning a family vacation in exotic countries. Avoid foods that you are not sure are safe for your child’s body.

For respiratory allergies

If a child has been diagnosed with hay fever or bronchial asthma, during the exacerbation season, doctors recommend that he adhere to a hypoallergenic diet, which excludes all foods that can cause a cross-reaction. If you are intolerant to tree pollen, it is advisable to exclude from your diet:

• Birch juice;
• carrot;
• apples, kiwi, pears;
• nuts – walnuts, peanuts, hazelnuts, almonds;
• fruits with seeds - plums, cherries, cherries, apricots, peaches;
• honey and other bee products;
• herbs and hot spices;
• potato;
• tomatoes, onions.

The period of flowering and pollination of cereals and meadow grasses occurs at the end of May, June-July. At this time, the following allergenic foods for children should be excluded from the diet:

• strawberries, wild strawberries;
• citruses;
• soybeans, legumes;
• nuts;
• corn;
• chicory;
• sorrel;
• bee products;
• kvass;
• yeast;
• cereals and pasta;
• bakery products and pastries;
• products that include wheat or corn flour, starch - schnitzels, gravies, sauces, cutlets.

For cutaneous

When it comes to allergic dermatitis, urticaria or skin rash, eczema, doctors prescribe a general hypoallergenic diet with a standard list of prohibited and permitted foods. This approach helps to identify the product that provokes the body’s adverse reaction and subsequently completely exclude it from the children’s menu. If atopic dermatitis has been diagnosed, more stringent measures are taken.

Diet for allergies in a child with atopic dermatitis very tough, it is practiced for severe exacerbation. The meaning of this power supply scheme is as follows:

1. The baby’s diet is completely reset for two to three days, that is, all foods that can cause allergies are removed from it.
2. Then one product is introduced every few days, starting with low-allergenic ones.
3. If the baby’s body reacts well to the food, allergic reactions do not occur, lean meat, fruits, and dairy products are introduced.
4. The identified irritant is excluded from the further nutrition plan.

A hypoallergenic diet is built based on these rules. A sample menu for 11 days looks like this:

• For the first three days, the child is given only water and crackers without additives, sweeteners or salt.
• On days 4-5, hypoallergenic vegetables are added, preferably boiled.
• On days 6-7, lean meat of one type is introduced: beef, tongue (beef, veal, pork), turkey.
• On days 8-9, fermented milk products with a low fat content are added: yogurt, kefir, cottage cheese, goat milk.
• On days 10-11, cereals are introduced.

Recipes for hypoallergenic dishes

A range of approved products helps ensure good nutrition child and create a varied menu. Recipes for hypoallergenic food are available in books and on specialized websites, or you yourself can adapt any family dishes according to the doctor’s recommendations. The child’s diet must include liquid dishes - soups, borscht, low-fat broths. They improve the activity of the gastrointestinal tract.

Chicken soup with spinach

• Time: 30 minutes.
• Number of servings: 3-4 persons.
• Calorie content of the dish: 91 kcal.
• Purpose: for lunch.
• Cuisine: international.
• Difficulty: easy.

Light spinach soup is classified as a dietary dish and can be included in the baby food menu. For meatballs, it is better to use homemade minced chicken breast. There will definitely not be any harmful additives, dyes, or flavor enhancers in it. Before preparing the soup, be sure to rinse the spinach well under the tap to remove any sand or dirt.

Ingredients:

• potatoes – 2 pcs.;
• onion – 1 pc.;
• carrots – 1 pc.;
• minced chicken – 200 g;
• spinach – 1 bunch.

Cooking method:

1. Make small meatballs from the minced meat.
2. Cut the potatoes into cubes.
3. Place the meat and potatoes in a saucepan and add 2 liters of water.
4. Boil the broth until the potatoes are ready.
5. In a frying pan with a little olive oil, sauté the carrots and onions.
6. Add vegetables to the pan and cook for no longer than a minute.
7. Place the washed spinach in a blender and add a ladle of broth. Grind everything until smooth.
8. Add spinach to remaining ingredients and cook for 1 minute.

• Time: 15 minutes.
• Number of servings: 2 persons.
• Calorie content of the dish: 97 kcal.
• Purpose: dessert.
• Cuisine: international.
• Difficulty: easy.

Dishes for children with allergies should not only be healthy, but also tasty. Pamper your baby with oven-baked apples filled with muesli for breakfast. Take large-sized fruits so that the filling can easily fit inside. If your child has an intolerance to bee products, honey can be replaced with maple syrup, but it is better to first make sure that this ingredient is safe.

Ingredients:

• apples – 2 pcs.;
• muesli – 3 tbsp. l.;
• cinnamon – 1 pinch;
• maple syrup – 2 tbsp. l.

Cooking method:

1. Mix muesli with cinnamon and maple syrup.
2. Cut off the top of the apples and remove the core using a spoon.
3. Fill the apple “molds” with granola.
4. Pour 50 ml of water into the baking dish and place the apples.
5. Bake the dessert in the oven or slow cooker at 190 degrees for 15 minutes.

Video

Most little children have a sweet tooth and gourmets. They can eat what they like in unlimited quantities, but they won’t eat what they don’t like at any price. I, as a progressive mother, have never made a tragedy out of this: well, if the child likes to eat cookies, let him eat them, then he will still get bored and the baby will ask for porridge. Another thing is food allergies in children. The age at which children are most susceptible to allergic reactions is the period of breastfeeding/IV and age up to 3 years.

Many mothers have faced and continue to face the problem that we had. Until about a year old, the child is breastfed or fed with special milk formulas. But after this time, complementary foods turn into complete diet and the baby feeds on his own. At this time, he determines how much he likes the taste of certain products, his menu becomes much more varied than before, and preferences appear. Allergenic and semi-allergenic foods, as a rule, are introduced into the child’s diet gradually and in very small doses so that the body has time to adapt to the new food.

This is where the problem can arise. During the period of active exploration of new types of food, my daughter still ate breast milk. A situation arose when I allowed myself a small cup of coffee (as you know, the diet of a nursing mother is very strict), and the baby, in my absence (as it turned out later), treated herself to several slices of tangerine and peach yogurt. Diathesis followed immediately, and the doctor put us on a strict diet.

It is during this period that many young mothers experience difficulties. Until recently, a child learned new tastes, enjoyed small portions of sweets and fruits, and suddenly overnight he was switched to potatoes and oatmeal. There is no need to despair, or torment your child with monotonous food. If you are faced with the same situation, I suggest you study in detail the list of dangerous and safe products and, based on this, please your baby with tasty and healthy food every day.

Allergenic products

So, let's start with foods that cause allergies in children, which should not be consumed at all.

Vegetables, fruits and berries In the summer, vegetables and fruits are a particular temptation. The greatest danger is posed by all tropical (kiwi, pineapple, mango, feijoa, papaya, etc.) and citrus fruits. Persimmons, peaches, canned fruits and compotes, dried fruits such as raisins, dried apricots, dates, figs, and all red fruits (red apples, pomegranate, etc.) are also highly discouraged. This also includes melons, apricots and grapes, not only because of their extreme allergenicity, but also because they cause a fermentation process in the gastrointestinal tract, which leads to colic, increased gas production and abdominal pain in the child. Allergy-causing berries, like fruits, can generally be identified by color. We exclude everything red from the diet: strawberries, cherries, raspberries, wild strawberries. Sea buckthorn is also dangerous. Many vegetables will also be included in the list of prohibited vegetables: beets, carrots, eggplant, bell peppers (even green ones), sorrel, radishes, tomatoes and rutabaga. Meat and fish As for meat and fish, there are complete restrictions. The diet of a child with food allergies must necessarily exclude fatty fish, caviar, canned food and other seafood. As for meat, little allergy sufferers are prohibited from eating everything that we are used to seeing on our tables every day: chicken, pork, veal, smoked sausages, most varieties of boiled sausages due to the presence of dyes in them and various meat delicacies, as well as duck and goose. Porridge and dairy products Many mothers, fighting for the health of their child, think that all cereals and all dairy products will benefit their beloved child. In the case where there are food allergies in children, everything is not so simple. Semolina and wheat cereals are powerful allergens. And all dairy products are now divided for your baby into fermented milk, which can be consumed, and dairy products (this is milk, sour cream, cream, fermented baked milk, processed and sharp cheeses), which are extremely contraindicated. Other allergenic foods In addition, your baby should avoid spicy seasonings and sauces, coffee and chocolate, pasta and flour products, including butter bread, eggs, nuts and seeds, honey and kvass&

Semi-allergenic products

When dividing products according to the degree of allergenicity, semi-allergenic products are distinguished. Simply put, these are foods that should be consumed in small doses and with great caution, due to the presence of allergens in them. The probability of children becoming allergic to these products is approximately 50%.

Fish This includes the few types of fish that your child can eat: hake, cod and pike perch. Meat This also includes chicken that has undergone thorough heat treatment. Vegetables, fruits and berries From plant products semi-allergenic are bananas, Brussels sprouts and cauliflower, legumes, broccoli, turnips, pumpkin, watermelon, lingonberries, cranberries, blueberries. Experts include apple marmalade in this list. So you have the opportunity to pamper your baby with sweets in small quantities. Herbal decoctions It is worth making a separate point herbal infusions. In general, they belong to semi-allergenic products, however, for dermatitis, chamomile and string decoctions are used as additives in bathing water to reduce the allergic reaction, itching and dryness.

Menu for a child with food allergies

Well, now that you know what it is better not to feed your child at all, and what you should be wary of, I will finally tell you what you can and should feed your child with allergies.

Fermented milk products First of all, in order to provide your child with the calcium necessary for growth, you need to introduce fermented milk products (kefir, cottage cheese, yogurt) into his diet. Using my daughter as an example, I can say that some children really like curd cheesecakes, however, they must first remove the chocolate icing. Cheese and butter are also safe dairy products. Speaking of oils: from vegetable oils you can use corn and olive. Meat When adding meat to the menu of a child with food allergies, be prepared to spend money. Hypoallergenic meats include beef, turkey, rabbit, and horse meat. This also includes boiled sausages and frankfurters, but they must be produced in accordance with GOST and are intended for baby food. From my experience I will say that otherwise your child will not only develop diathesis, but also get a stomach ache. Flour products To maintain a sufficient level of carbohydrates in your child’s body necessary for energy production, it is worth introducing into his daily menu such products as unsweetened bread with bran, crackers or dry biscuits (you can also use special children’s biscuits), crackers or crackers without additives, as well as simple marshmallows and marshmallows, which are sure to please little ones with a sweet tooth. Porridge An important part of baby food is porridge. For food allergies in children, buckwheat, rice, pearl barley and oatmeal are safe. Berries and fruits Recommended berries and fruits for your baby are gooseberries, white currants, white cherries, plums and prunes, apples (green and yellow), and pears. Blueberries and bananas can be given with caution. Vegetables An integral part of a child’s diet with food allergies is vegetables. Potatoes, white cabbage, zucchini, squash, cucumber, spinach, green salad, parsley and dill will not lead to allergies. But here we should not forget that many of these vegetables will lead to gas formation, and if the stomach is weakness your child, then you should not consume them in large quantities. In general, white cabbage and grapes are not recommended for children under 3 years old for these reasons. Often children do not want to eat vegetables because they do not find the taste pleasant. In this case, you should use small tricks. For example, you can not offer your child a vegetable in the form of a puree, but give a piece in his hand - this is much more interesting. Another trick: cut a cucumber into a circle once, and another time cut the same cucumber into strips - the new shape will interest the baby.

To force an allergic child to eat the foods that he can, even if he doesn’t really want it, there are a sufficient number of ways. At the age of up to 3 years, you can temporarily forget the parental covenant “not to play with food” and turn the child’s eating into a fun game. You can give food interesting shapes, cut out figures from vegetables and fruits, make balls out of bread with your baby, remember the game of airplane, you can even pretend that you yourself want to eat baby food - this is one of the best motivations. In general, everything depends only on your imagination and patience.