Wheezing in the evening. Wheezing and wheezing

Today we will talk about the reasons for the appearance wheezing in the lungs (bronchi) in children and adults when breathing– on inhalation and exhalation, about treating wheezing at home, what to do, how to treat severe wheezing and cough without fever at home.

However, keep in mind that the materials presented here must be agreed upon with your attending physician before starting treatment, especially if you are going to treat a sick child - see a pediatrician - be sure to go for a consultation!

Causes of wheezing in the lungs when breathing, exhaling and inhaling

When a person is born, he encounters a mass of bacteria. Harmful microflora penetrates the body mainly through the respiratory tract, it quickly inhabits the mucous membranes of the bronchi and causes colds.

Symptoms known to all of us from childhood: cough, runny nose, soreness and sore throat. Many people are familiar from their own bitter experience with the dangerous manifestations of coughing – wheezing when breathing, which require timely treatment.

Types of cough

Cough - cough reflex– a protective reaction of the body in response to an attack by pathogenic microflora in the bronchopulmonary system.

With the help of a cough, the trachea and bronchi are cleared of secreted sputum, which absorbs dust and germs.

Cough syndrome can be divided into types:

By strength:

simple cough;
The cough is hysterical, severe.

By duration:

acute (lasts up to 1.5-2 weeks), develops due to an infectious disease;
protracted (lasting 2-4 weeks), manifests itself when the disease passes into the chronic stage;
subacute, or prolonged (lasting 4-8 weeks), viral pathogens are common culprits of this symptom;
chronic (lasting from 2 months), the causes of such a long cough are: smoking, chronic respiratory diseases, allergic manifestations, living in dusty places, working in hazardous industries.

By character:

dry (non-productive), cough without mucus, accompanied by pain in the sternum and throat;
moist (productive), with copious expectoration of mucus, which helps remove from the body pathogenic microorganisms and dust.

By sonority:

hoarse;
barking;
silent;
muted;
voiced (chest);
short (cough).

It is not easy to figure out what kind of cough is plaguing a person, as is identifying the cause of the ailment.

The main thing is to know that if a cough with wheezing develops, which is not typical for the usual condition, you need the help of a doctor, paramedic, pediatrician (for a child), or a therapist (for adults). With the help of a specialist, you can understand the cause of cough syndrome and cure the disease.

Situations are dangerous when coughing still reveals wheezing. Hoarseness accompanies many types of cough and indicates the development of serious pathologies in organism.

Wheezing when exhaling

Hoarseness – pathological changes activities respiratory system. Normally, there should be no obstructions in the passage of air flow in the bronchial tract.

When a pathological process affecting the organs of the respiratory system develops in the body, an abundant accumulation of mucus occurs in the bronchi.

Sputum, which a weakened body cannot remove, clogs the respiratory lumens, interferes with the flow of air and causes wheezing. Hoarseness can be caused not only by colds.

It can simply be caused by the entry of a foreign body into the trachea or bronchi, as well as various cardiac problems.

Types of wheezing

Wheezing when breathing develops after coughing; it is often one of the symptoms respiratory infection. The sounds of wheezing vary from person to person and vary in volume and other characteristics.

The volume of wheezing depends on the depth of the pathological process, its complexity and the individual characteristics of the structure of the bronchopulmonary system. Medical workers Wheezing is divided into two main types.

Dry wheezing

Dry hoarseness when breathing occurs when an infection affects the mucous tissue of the bronchi, which leads to their narrowing. Dry wheezing is the main symptom of such diseases:

bronchiolitis;
bronchiospasm;
pneumosclerosis;

Such sounds are low in sound and not loud. They may be buzzing and whistling. A slight whistling sound when breathing indicates a significant narrowing of the bronchial lumen.

Important. If a person “whistles” when exhaling, this is a sign of obstructive bronchitis, the culprit of which is allergic reaction.

The buzzing develops due to the collision of the air flow with the mucous bronchial bridges. Also, dry wheezing occurs due to blockage of the bronchi with viscous lumps of mucus.

Wet wheezing

“Wet” breathing sounds occur when the organs are filled with viscous mucus. Such sputum is formed when the bronchopulmonary system is damaged by inflammatory processes. When air masses pass through thick mucus, bubbles appear in the sputum.

They begin to burst and create a noise effect similar to the hissing of bubbles when you open a bottle of sparkling water. Moist rales are more clearly audible when the patient inhales; they are accompanied by sharp creaks and whistles.

This subtype of noisy breathing can be divided into 3 more types:

Fine bubble. A sound similar to the hissing of small gas bubbles in mineral water. Fine bubble rales occur with bronchopneumonia, bronchiolitis and pulmonary infarction.
Medium bubble. The sound that breathing makes is similar to the noisy bursting of bubbles or the gurgling of water being blown into through a straw. Such breathing causes pneumosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis and hypersecretory bronchitis.
Large vesicular. Noisy, hoarse breathing, audible even from a distance. Moist rales of high volume occur due to advanced swelling of the lung.

Wheezing when exhaling

Breathing, when hoarseness is heard only when exhaling, is a common phenomenon. There are many reasons for such hoarseness, and they all relate to problems with the respiratory system.

Most often wheezing when exhaling accompanied by pneumonia. Pneumonia is characterized by moist rales, clearly audible in areas of organ damage.

Causes of wheezing when exhaling

To understand the cause of this phenomenon, you need to understand the nature of wheezing when breathing. Depending on the cause that led to the appearance of hoarseness, respiratory dry and wet rales are divided into two categories:

Pulmonary. They develop due to infectious (viral, bacterial) lesions of the respiratory system.
Extrapulmonary. This type of wheezing develops due to the presence of other pathologies in the body (not respiratory). It could be heart disease. They are accompanied by dry whistles and wheezing when breathing.

Diseases that cause wheezing

Diseases accompanied by hoarse breathing most often affect the respiratory system; only in a small number of cases are they of a different nature. There are diseases that go away with exclusively wet wheezing, and there are ailments that go away with dry noises.

Wet wheezing. They manifest themselves in the following pathologies:

ARVI;
tuberculosis;
pulmonary edema;
heart defects;
flea typhus;
pneumonia;
bronchial asthma;
heart problems;
thromboembolism lung tissue;
malignant neoplasms;
acute renal failure;
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease);
postoperative period after unsuccessful transplantation.

Wet noises when exhaling are accompanied by bronchitis and bronchial asthma. If the diseases do not affect the pulmonary system, moist, inaudible wheezing when exhaling and a cough without fever are detected.

Dry wheezing. This type of hoarseness is specific symptom the following diseases:

laryngitis;
pharyngitis;
pneumonia;
bronchiolitis;
pneumosclerosis;
emphysema;
chronic bronchitis;
heart failure;
neoplasms in the bronchi and lungs.

Dry wheezing occurs during attacks of suffocation when the bronchopulmonary tract gets foreign body and clogs the trachea.

Diagnosis of diseases taking into account wheezing

Hoarseness when breathing causes a large number of various diseases. To make a correct diagnosis, it is necessary to consider more than just wheezing.

Listening chest to identify pathological sounds during breathing allows the doctor to pre-diagnose a possible problem.

The exact culprit of noisy breathing will be determined by a number of detailed studies(blood test, sputum test, lung x-ray, various instrumental studies respiratory organs). A number of accompanying symptoms are also taken into account:

cough;
dyspnea;
presence of temperature;
general condition of the patient;
blue skin around the nose/lips.

Important. Only a set of symptoms and data laboratory tests allow us to identify the culprit of hoarse breathing and develop competent therapy.

How to treat wheezing in the bronchi when exhaling

To get rid of hoarseness, you must defeat the main root cause of the problem. By removing the cause, doctors also defeat the effect. Basically, therapy for wheezing in the bronchi is carried out in three directions.

Drug treatment

Treatment of wheezing in the bronchi should not be delayed. This symptom indicates the development of a dangerous process in the bronchopulmonary system, fraught with purulent complications.

At drug therapy Doctors often prescribe a course of antibiotics - when treating older patients and in the presence of a bacterial infection.

At the beginning of the disease, when the cough is dry and accompanied by dry wheezing, intensive treatment expectorants. At this stage, the main thing is to thin the thick mucus and help the body get rid of it by expectoration.

Attention. If a patient suffers from a severe dry cough, doctors may prescribe antitussive medications that block the cough center. But, as soon as a dry cough turns into a wet one, treatment with antitussive drugs is stopped.

Remember that bronchitis is not just wheezing when exhaling and coughing. This is the activity of viruses and bacteria that provoked the disease. Doctors approach the treatment of bronchitis and hoarse breathing in a comprehensive, individual way:

To relieve spasms in obstructive bronchitis, bronchospasmodics are used. It is better to administer such medications into the body by inhalation (using a nebulizer).
Treatment for acute bronchiolitis includes inhaled corticosteroids. If the pathology is accompanied by an adenoviral infection, treatment is carried out with systemic corticosteroids. These drugs do not cause the development of obliteration (blockage) of the bronchi.
When bronchitis has already developed into chronic form, the patient will have to regularly visit a pulmonologist and be monitored by a doctor. If a relapse is suspected, pathologies are prescribed antiviral drugs, mucolytics and inhaled corticosteroids.
Inhalations for bronchitis accompanied by hoarse breathing are becoming the main method of treatment. Using medications aerosol inhalation is used.
You can also remember my grandmother’s methods - breathing over a container with a hot healing composition (steam inhalation). For such procedures it is better to use medicinal herbs and essential oils.

Physiotherapeutic procedures

Besides drug therapy V mandatory A course of physiotherapy is being developed for patients.

Important. Physiotherapy is used only as an additional (auxiliary) therapy.

The effect of this treatment is aimed at improving blood circulation in the bronchi and eliminating liquefied mucus. As a physical therapy, patients are prescribed massage courses, breathing exercises, visiting caving rooms. Sessions of UHF therapy and electrophoresis are performed.

Traditional medicine: remedies and recipes

Recipes are also good helpers in the fight against hoarse breathing due to bronchitis. traditional medicine. Experts advise using the following methods (especially if wheezing is heard when exhaling):

Mix in equal proportions finely chopped aloe leaf(take a plant over 3 years old), peels (fresh) lemon and natural honey. The mass is infused for a week. Take the finished drug orally, 10-12 ml on an empty stomach. The course of treatment is 40 days, after which you should rest for a week and repeat the treatment.
Hot milk is an excellent preventative way to prevent wheezing. Drink a glass of hot milk three times a day. You can add to it honey, soda or boiled infusion raisins.
Works great for wheezing when exhaling ginger. Add the grated root of the plant to hot drinks, mix with lemon And honey.
To quickly get rid of hoarse breathing, use viburnum berries. Delicious fruits are poured warm water and add honey or lemon(for taste). Eat berries and just as a snack - they will help with any application.
Tinctures are useful in the fight against wheezing when exhaling. turnip juice, black radish And carrots. Healing extract can be mixed with honey and lemon.

We treat wheezing in the lungs when exhaling in children

In children, hoarse breathing often develops due to complications of bronchitis. To relieve your baby of wheezing, you should contact your pediatrician and get competent advice on therapy.

Important. Wheezing when breathing in a child often appears after complete recovery from the underlying disease. In this case, hoarseness can be removed using gentle traditional medicine methods and inhalations.

Treatment of wheezing during exhalation with medications

In case of inflammation of the bronchi and the appearance of hoarse breathing, doctors develop an individual course of therapy. Treatment tactics depend on the identified infectious agent:

children's antiviral drugs defeat viruses;
Antibiotics will help with a bacterial infection; pediatricians prescribe antibacterial agents wide range actions with a minimum side effects.

Expectorant drugs (if wheezing with the discharge of loose sputum) and mucolytics (to thin out viscous mucus) are included in therapy.

To treat children, it is more advisable to use medicines based on plant materials in the form of mixtures, syrups and infusions. To eliminate wheezing in the lungs when inhaling during a dry cough, antitussives are also used to relieve the cough center.

But as soon as the cough becomes productive, with sputum discharge, the use of antitussive medications is stopped. They cannot be used simultaneously with mucolytics - sputum will accumulate intensively in the bronchi, which leads to obstruction (complete blockage) of the organ.

If wheezing when coughing is caused by an allergy, doctors identify the main allergen irritant and prescribe the child a course of antihistamines.

Traditional medicine to help children

To eliminate wheezing in the lungs, treatment in a child can be carried out and folk ways. Such therapy is advisable as an additional therapy or when identifying residual ulcers. How to correctly use the advice of healers? Try the following complex:

Grind onion (500 g) s sugar(50 g) and melted honey(60 g). Simmer the mixture slowly for half an hour, then dilute with a liter of water and leave in a dark, cool place to infuse for 2-3 days. Take 25 ml three times a day.
In between taking onion medicine, let your child drink 30 ml of freshly squeezed radish juice(4-5 times a day). For taste it can be mixed with honey.
Daily do massage baby. Dip your fingers in honey and vigorously rub the area on your back (between your shoulder blades) and above your sternum.
Ask your child to blow out an imaginary breath every day. candle. Let the baby blow for 3-5 minutes straight.
Place it on your child at night compresses using boiled potato, honey, cabbage leaves . They are especially good for wheezing after a wet cough.
And let the baby drink a lot! Warm drinking plenty of fluids effectively thins mucus and helps the body get rid of phlegm. Suitable for drinking any homemade compotes, fruit drinks, jelly, tea from linden color, juices.

Important. If folk recipes become powerless (when, after coughing while inhaling, wheezing does not go away for more than 1.5 weeks), contact your pediatrician. Even if the baby is cheerful and cheerful, and the cough does not look pathological.

Herbal therapy

Traditional medicine often uses a variety of healing recipes using medicinal herbs and plants. The following recipes are suitable for children (from 3 years old):

Mix in equal quantities coltsfoot, peppermint, plantain And marshmallow and licorice roots. Herbal collection(25 g) steam with boiling water (20 ml) and leave for 1.5-2 hours. Then bring to a boil and cool. Take 12 ml warm on an empty stomach three times a day.
TO mint or oregano(5 g) add wild rosemary, plantain And licorice(6 g of each ingredient). Brew the herb with boiling water (400 ml), simmer for 3-4 minutes and leave for half an hour. Drink 10 ml 2-3 times a day.

Wheezing when exhaling may appear due to various reasons. To successfully get rid of hoarseness, be sure to seek help from a doctor. This must be done to exclude serious pathologies in the body. With properly selected therapy, coughing and wheezing when exhaling will soon disappear without a trace.

Video by Dr. Komarovsky about the causes of cough and its treatment

Dr. Komarovsky will tell you what the causes of cough may be and its treatment depending on this, and will also teach you how not to commit typical mistakes in the treatment of cough.

Good health to you and your children!

Wheezing in the throat when breathing - alarming symptom, requiring attention. A hoarse voice and wheezing can accompany many diseases, some of which are relatively harmless and some that are deadly. To figure out what caused the wheezing in the throat and how to get rid of it, you need to determine some central concepts in this topic. First, you need to be able to distinguish between the concepts of “wheezing” and “hoarseness.”

Wheezing - medical definition pathological noises that occur during breathing during inhalation or exhalation.

Wheezing occurs when the air flow encounters an obstacle in its path - phlegm, tumors, etc. If the airways are narrowed in some area, wheezing is accompanied by whistling. Such symptoms accompany many diseases. Among them are pneumonia, bronchitis, heart failure and others.

Your throat may become hoarse as a result severe fatigue vocal cords, drinking cold liquid or food, general hypothermia. Hoarseness can also be caused by frequent exposure to dusty rooms.

In this article we will talk in more detail about what help is needed if your throat is hoarse, and what to do if your throat wheezes when breathing.

Disorders of the larynx

The larynx is an organ that is located between the pharynx and trachea. It performs many functions - it participates in breathing, the act of swallowing and the processes of speech formation (the vocal cords are located in the larynx).

If the vocal cords are inflamed or compressed by swelling, the voice sounds different than usual. Hoarseness and hoarseness may appear, and in some cases it may disappear altogether.

Inflammation of the larynx is called laryngitis. Laryngitis is usually of an infectious nature, predominantly viral.

Since viruses penetrate a hypothermic body more easily, laryngitis usually occurs after being outside for a long time in bad weather, as well as drinking iced drinks, ice cream, etc. In addition, the larynx can become inflamed as a result of overstraining the vocal cords. This often happens to teachers, announcers, presenters who are forced to speak loudly and for a long time.

Symptoms of laryngitis in adults and children:

change in voice - hoarseness, hoarseness;
sore throat, discomfort;
labored breathing;
wet superficial cough, attacks of which usually occur in the morning, after waking up;
body temperature may increase slightly (usually does not reach 38C);
general weakness, malaise.
A change in voice can be caused not only by laryngitis, but also by other diseases of the larynx - papillomatosis, syphilis of the larynx, the formation of benign or malignant tumor. If laryngitis does not respond to standard treatment within 7-10 days, consult a doctor.

Treatment of laryngitis

What to do to get rid of laryngitis? First, you need to give your vocal cords time to recover. Try to talk as little as possible for 3-4 days until your voice returns to normal.

You should not speak in a whisper - this requires even more tension from the vocal cords than usual during speech. If you need to say something, speak quietly, but not in a whisper.

Treatment of an inflamed larynx consists of performing the following therapeutic measures:

warm gargling aqueous solution soda (a teaspoon per glass) or salt (a teaspoon per liter of water);
gargling with infusion medicinal plants(you can use eucalyptus leaves, chamomile, anise, etc.);
warm steam inhalations mineral water or water with the addition of infusions of medicinal plants;
use large quantity water (pure, mineral, and also in the form of tea, compotes, etc.);
If you have an annoying cough, you should consult your doctor about the possibility of using cough syrups (for example, with ivy or plantain extract).

What types of wheezing are there?

Wheezing that occurs during breathing can be dry or wet. Determining the type of wheezing plays an important role in making a diagnosis.

Dry wheezing is a whistling noise when breathing. They occur if the lumen of the area respiratory tract significantly narrowed (in the absence of sputum). A sharp narrowing of the bronchi is called bronchospasm. In addition, the lumen of the respiratory tract can be partially blocked by a tumor, cyst, or foreign object.
Wet wheezing accompanies diseases in which fluid accumulates in the bronchi or alveoli (sputum, blood, pus, etc.). Moist rales occur with pneumonia, pulmonary edema, tuberculosis and other diseases of the lower respiratory tract accompanied by inflammation.

Determining the type of wheezing yourself is quite difficult. It is better to trust a specialist in this matter - a pulmonologist.

Noisy breathing usually indicates a malfunction of the lower respiratory tract - the bronchi and alveoli of the lungs. When making a diagnosis, the doctor pays attention to in which part of the respiratory act whistling and wheezing appear - during inhalation or exhalation. Wheezing and difficulty breathing on inhalation are observed with cardiac asthma (inspiratory dyspnea), and on exhalation - with bronchial asthma, pulmonary edema (expiratory shortness of breath). Also, noise can be observed both when inhaling and exhaling.

The main causes of wheezing when breathing:

long-term smoking;
consequences of surgery on the larynx (for example, removal of tumors) or on the thyroid gland;
pneumonia (pneumonia) - in this case, the patient has a significantly increased body temperature and a strong wet cough;
bronchial asthma - wheezing when breathing is accompanied by shortness of breath, wheezing, rapid breathing, and has a paroxysmal nature;
pulmonary edema - in this case, wheezing is accompanied by a cough with the release of foamy pink sputum;
bronchitis (inflammation of the bronchi) - accompanied by a dry cough, which turns into a wet cough within a few days;
chronic obstructive bronchitis- inflammation of the bronchi, accompanied by rough wheezing when breathing, shortness of breath, annoying cough and irreversible changes in the structure of the bronchi;
respiratory allergies (to dust, components household chemicals, animal hair, plant pollen, etc.);
wheezing combined with swelling of the legs and face may indicate heart problems.

Diagnosis and treatment of noisy breathing

Play an important role in making a diagnosis associated symptoms- presence or absence of cough, sputum discharge, body temperature, etc. The doctor also takes into account the patient’s profession, his age, past illnesses and other individual characteristics. During the examination, the lungs must be listened to and the patient’s throat is examined. In most cases, the patient is referred for an X-ray examination of the chest organs (fluorography), and is also recommended to undergo general analysis blood, and, if necessary, other tests.

Treatment of noises during exhalation and inhalation is determined by the causes and diseases. Naturally, heart failure requires different treatment than bronchitis or allergies. After the examination, the doctor will not only make a diagnosis, but also prescribe the treatment that suits you. So, if the cause of wheezing is the accumulation of sputum, it is recommended to take mucolytic and expectorant drugs (Bromhexine, Mucaltin, Lazolvan). For dry wheezing associated with bronchospasm, you will need bronchodilators - drugs that expand the lumen of the bronchi. If a patient is diagnosed with bronchial asthma, first of all an inhaler intended for emergency care when the attack begins. A person suffering from bronchial asthma should always carry an inhaler with them.

Do not self-medicate wheezing. Remember that this symptom may be associated with serious illnesses that cannot be treated at home.

Bronchitis has many symptoms. The most common of them- cough. Dry at the beginning of the disease and moist later later, cough syndrome often accompanied by frightening wheezing. Wheezing in the bronchi - are they dangerous, how to treat such a symptom?

Wheezing – unnatural pathological noises sounds that a sick person makes when breathing. Doctors divide them into dry and wet wheezing, based on sound perception when listening to the patient with a phonendoscope or stethoscope.

Important. The level of wheezing volume is individual for each case of illness. It is determined by the depth of development infectious process and human respiratory abilities.

Dry wheezing characteristic of the occurrence of bronchial obstruction(with narrowing and deformation of the walls of the organ due to the accumulation of viscous sputum).

Features of dry wheezing in the lungs

Hoarse breathing accompanies the patient throughout the disease. When the intensity subsides, this is evidence of the beginning of recovery.

And if wheezing sounds in the bronchi are transformed (modified), this indicates that the infection has become complicated.

Each type of bronchitis corresponds to wheezing, distinctive:

Spicy. At initial stages breathing is wheezing and dry. But, as soon as the cough becomes productive (wet), it becomes wet. The sounds of dry and moist wheezing in the bronchi intensify when inhaling.
Simple. Wheezing accompanied by some "buzzing" noise. This “music” can be clearly heard throughout the entire sternum area.
Obstructive. The wheezing in the bronchi is noisy and very loud. People around you can hear that a person is sick at a distance of 4-5 meters. This is due to a significant narrowing of the lumen of the bronchi. By the tone of dry whistles, a physician can recognize which part of the organ is affected: low-pitched (bass) wheezing is typical when large bronchi are infected, and thin, whistling wheezing is characteristic when bronchioles and small bronchi are infected.
Chronic. With sluggish bronchitis, dry wheezing in the bronchi is not typical - in this case, the patient’s breathing is accompanied by wet sounds.

Important. If, when listening to a patient, a wheezing whistle is heard throughout the entire area of the pulmonary areas, this indicates extensive impairment of bronchial obstruction. This is possible with complicated bronchitis and bronchial asthma.

Causes of dry wheezing

When the bronchial passages are narrowed due to the accumulation of thick mucus, the air passing through breathing becomes turbulent(unpredictability of movement).

Such an air flow causes intense vibration walls of the respiratory tract, which provokes the appearance of characteristic sounds.

Important. Dry wheezing in the bronchi often appears during exhalation (this is their feature). When the patient exhales, intrathoracic pressure increases, which further narrows the lumen of the bronchi and provokes whistling sounds.

In the case when dry sounds are also heard during inhalation, this means that pathology tends to develop, and obstruction affects a significant part of the organs.

If you hear dry, it's indicates minor obstruction. In addition to bronchitis, the culprits of this situation are the following factors become:

bronchial asthma;
tumor of part of an organ;
heart failure;
slight swelling of the mucous membrane;
respiratory infections (laryngitis, pharyngitis, pneumonia);
deformation of the bronchi by external actions (strong compression, impact);
the presence of a foreign body in the respiratory system (more often observed in children).

To make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe adequate treatment, the doctor directs the patient for a number of additional examinations.

How to treat dry wheezing in the lungs

With a well-developed treatment plan, dry whistling in the bronchi when breathing will disappear along with the main symptom of the pathology – cough. If wheezing remains after treatment, this means that the disease not fully cured or caused a complication.

Attention. Only a doctor can diagnose the cause of the dry whistling in the bronchi that remains after recovery after conducting examinations and passing the necessary tests.

Treatment of dry wheezing is carried out comprehensively. The following areas of therapy are used:

Medication. and bronchi ? Depending on the identified culprit of the developed pathology, the doctor prescribes a course of taking the following medications:

Antibiotics. Antibacterial drugs are used when there is a bacterial infection. It can join an existing disease or cause it. Antibiotics include complex therapy when treating older people (due to age-related weakening immune system). More often used antibacterial drugs wide spectrum of action.
Inhalation using a nebulizer. To relieve swelling, relieve bronchial tension, liquefy viscous sputum and help the body get rid of it, inhalation is used. In mild cases of infection, dry wheezing in the bronchi disappears when breathing after 2-3 procedures using a bronchospasmolytic prescribed by a doctor.

For full recovery normal operation bronchopulmonary system microdispenser sanitation of the bronchi is used.

If the disease has not yet manifested itself as complications and proceeds in mild form, along with the prescribed course of medication used to treat dry wheezing:

special breathing exercises;
vibration massage: these procedures thin out the thickness of the mucus, improving its discharge;
warming activities(mustard plasters, homemade compresses, rubbing, hot foot baths).

Medical treatment can also be carried out by taking systemic corticosteroids ( Virazol, Ventolin or Becotide) and carrying out aerosol inhalations of the bronchi using medications.

People's Pharmacy. Additional, auxiliary therapy using traditional medicine significantly speeds up the healing process and helps the patient completely forget about dry wheezing.

You can get rid of wheezing in the bronchi using the following effective recipes:

Pour 1.5-2 liters of boiling water into a container. Add regular soda (25-30 g) to the water. Breathe deeply with healing steam for 10-15 minutes. This inhalation effectively thins thick mucus and helps remove it from the bronchi.
Place a mixture made from natural flower honey, lemon zest and finely chopped aloe leaves (all in equal quantities) into a glass jar. Close the jar tightly and place in a dark place for 7-8 days. Take the medicine orally 25 ml on an empty stomach daily. You can store the healing mixture in the refrigerator.
Into the melted butter(100 ml) stir in chopped Birch buds(35-40 g). Simmer the mixture in the oven for half an hour. Then squeeze the mixture through cheesecloth and mix with liquid honey (150 ml). You need to take the medicine 12 ml 3-4 times daily.

Associated with many diseases defense mechanism cleansing the respiratory tract, an indicator of inflammatory processes. It varies because it is called for various reasons. Noticing these features, doctors diagnose diseases and prescribe treatment. Many pathological conditions characterized by something special that is unique to them. Thus, a whistling cough in adults indicates obstructive processes in the bronchi.

This is an unusual symptom, it is easy to diagnose, and it, in turn, indicates the pathology that caused it. The characteristic whistling sound when breathing is caused by obstructed air passage through airways. A wheezing cough requires special attention, which may be the beginning serious illnesses.

Airway obstruction

Whistling in the lungs when breathing and coughing is caused by the fact that in the path of air movement, in narrow branches bronchial tree, an obstacle is formed. It may occur due to various reasons.

Spasm of the smooth muscles that form the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles;
Hypertrophy of the mucous membrane lining the bronchi as a result of allergic edema;
Inflammation of bronchial tissue caused by infection;
Accumulations of mucus and sputum in the respiratory tract, blocking the respiratory lumen.
Serious structural changes in the bronchi, lungs, emphysema, traumatic injuries.

In any of these cases, there is an obstruction to the air flow. For normal functioning The respiratory system requires a clean, wide bronchial lumen, otherwise wheezing with wheezing and wheezing appears in children.

This dangerous condition requiring a quick and adequate response. Obstruction airways– a sign of serious illnesses: edematous bronchitis, bronchial allergic asthma, pulmonary purulent abscess. precedes the development of whooping cough and measles.

Whistling sound when breathing and coughing - warning sign, requiring urgent contact with a medical specialist!

As a result of obstruction it is possible critical violation ventilation, suffocation.

Bronchospasm

The other causes of obstruction are all clear, but why does spasm of the bronchial muscles occur?

This is a protective process activated at the level of reflexes when an allergen enters the body. The bronchi narrow, trying to stop the foreign agent and prevent it from entering the lungs. But sometimes, having contracted, they cannot relax, squeezing the lumen of the bronchi. The pressure increases, bronchial edema develops, allergic cough in a child or adult. Cutting severe spasm bronchial muscles in response to the allergen leads to anaphylactic shock.

Spasm can occur against the background of bronchitis, other inflammatory diseases, and pulmonary emphysema.

Symptoms of bronchospasm in adults and children:

Shortness of breath, which persists even at rest, increases with exercise, noticeable straining of breathing, tense posture, swollen veins neck;
Heaviness in the chest;
Defiant panic fear lack of air;
accompanied by a characteristic whistling sound;
Wheezing in children and adults;
Headache and deterioration;
Blue discoloration of the skin of the nasolabial triangle;
Heart rhythm disturbances;
Insomnia;
Sometimes fever, sweating.

Obstructive bronchitis

A whistling cough in a child or adult indicates obstruction of the bronchial tubes. This condition, accompanied by inflammation of the mucous membranes, is dangerous and is called obstructive, or edematous, bronchitis.

As a result of an infection or allergic reaction, the lining becomes inflamed and swollen. inner surface bronchial tubes mucous membrane. It hypertrophies so much that it blocks the lumen of the bronchus, creating a barrier to air flow. Shortness of breath and whistling when breathing in a child are symptoms of this condition and alarm parents. Then a characteristic cough begins. U, complicated by obstruction, is accompanied by whooping cough and measles.

The whistle is diagnostic symptom obstructive inflammation of the bronchi. It is especially pronounced during forced exhalation after maximum inhalation.

The signs of bronchitis in an adult and a small patient are the same; they include difficulty breathing, a characteristic cough, blue or pale skin in the area around the lips, itchy sensations on the skin of the chin and chest.

The symptoms of bronchitis cannot be ignored! The disease develops quickly and leads to serious complications.

Treatment of bronchitis is aimed at relieving inflammatory swelling and spasms. If the cause of inflammation is microbial (usually bacterial infection) prescribe antibiotics, sulfonamides or other synthetic drugs antimicrobial action. Coughs are fought with expectorants and antitussive medications. Syrups with a pleasant sweet taste are produced especially for children. Supporting drug therapy with steam inhalations will help quickly cure bronchitis.

Acute obstructive bronchial disease can develop into chronic asthma.

Bronchial asthma

Asthma serious disease respiratory system, practically untreatable. Its essence is a severe allergic reaction. A child's asthma may be hereditary.

An asthma attack is caused by a sharp narrowing of the bronchial lumen due to swelling and spasm. There is shortness of breath, wheezing, heavy breathing in adults and small patients, requiring strong tension in the respiratory muscles. The person frantically tries to breathe, the skin of his face turns blue, his neck itches.

Treatment of asthma is long-term, especially severe cases stationary. Allergic tissue swelling.

An asthmatic should always have an aspirator with hormonal bronchodilators on hand to urgently stop a developing attack.

If you have bronchial asthma, you should not take risks by using folk remedies treatment, herbal medicine. Plant extracts can have an unexpected effect on a sensitized organism and aggravate the allergic process.

Whooping cough

Whistling and wheezing when breathing in a child may indicate developing whooping cough. Other symptoms of the disease: fever, swelling of soft tissues on the face. Whooping cough is caused by a bacterial infection child's body, accompanied by a painful nonproductive cough caused by bronchial spasm.

Used for treatment antimicrobials, fighting the cause of the disease. Cough is relieved with mucolytic drugs. If necessary, use more strong drugs: hormonal anti-inflammatory, immunomodulators, tranquilizers.

Other causes of wheezing cough are no less serious, but are less common. This false croup, pulmonary edema, or a foreign body that has entered the airway and is blocking it.

First aid

Intense coughing attacks, especially at night, are very exhausting for the patient. They can lead to suffocation if help is not provided promptly.

When coughing at night, the patient needs to be woken up and helped to take a semi-sitting position.
The cough goes away faster if it enters the lungs Fresh air no irritating dust.

A light back massage without the use of any products (creams, oils) can alleviate the patient’s condition.

Bronchial swelling can be sudden and severe. To reduce it, the patient is given an antihistamine (antiallergic) drug.
Do not use warming agents for bronchial edema!
Steam inhalations with eucalyptus or soda solution have a positive effect.
Be sure to see a doctor.

The presence of wheezing indicates pathological process in the lungs, which may be accompanied by symptoms such as:

cough;
dyspnea;
chest pain;
increased body temperature, chills;
general weakness, increased sweating;
with a severe prolonged attack of bronchial asthma (chronic inflammatory disease bronchi, manifested by repeated episodes of dry cough, shortness of breath, suffocation) dry wheezing can be heard at a distance;
with pulmonary edema, moist rales can be heard at a distance (“bubbling breathing”).

Forms

Dry wheezing:

whistling - occurs when air passes through a narrowed, swollen, spasmodic bronchus (for example, with bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)) or when there is an obstacle to the movement of air (a foreign body, a tumor growing inside the bronchus);
buzzing (humming) - occur when there is thick viscous sputum in the bronchus (for example, with bronchitis, exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease).

Wet wheezing: occur when there are less dense liquids in the bronchi or cavities communicating with them (thin sputum, blood, edematous fluid). An air stream foams a low-viscosity liquid and forms instantly bursting air bubbles on its surface, which is why moist rales are sometimes called bubbly rales. Depending on the size of the bronchus in which wheezing occurs, there are:

moist large-bubble rales (in large-caliber bronchi and in cavities, for example, a tuberculous cavity (a cavity formed in the area of the tuberculosis process), a lung abscess (a limited focus of inflammation of the lung tissue with its melting and the formation of a cavity filled with purulent masses);
moist medium-bubble rales (in bronchi of medium size and in cavities, for example, tuberculous cavity, lung abscess, bronchiectasis (dilation, deformation of the bronchus) in bronchi of the specified size);
moist fine bubbling rales (in small bronchi and bronchioles):
- sonorous – more indicative of the presence of local inflammatory process(for example, pneumonia (pneumonia));
- silent – most typical for the accumulation of edematous fluid (pulmonary edema, chronic heart failure). It should be highlighted separately crepitus, which is similar to moist rales, but differs in the mechanism of occurrence.

Crepitus forms in the alveoli (respiratory vesicles in which gas exchange occurs) when there is a small amount of inflammatory fluid in them. At the moment of inhalation, the alveoli “unstick” with the formation of a characteristic sound reminiscent of crackling, crunching of snow, rustling of cellophane, which is called crepitus. Most often this sound is heard in the initial and final stages of pneumonia.
The sound phenomena are very similar to crepitation and the so-called fibrous crackle(“crackling” wheezing). This sound phenomenon also occurs during inspiration and is associated with stretching of the overgrown rough connective tissue(tissue of the body that forms the supporting frame of all organs) that seals the lung. This process underlies diseases such as fibrosing alveolitis. Fibrous crack persists for a long time (for several months and years).

Causes

Respiratory diseases leading to the appearance of sputum. For example, pneumonia (pneumonia).
Diseases of the respiratory system, characterized by narrowing of the bronchi (swelling, spasm, excess mucus production).
Tumors growing inside the bronchus or compressing it from the outside.
Foreign bodies in the lumen of the bronchus.
Heart failure.

Diagnostics

Wheezing is detected by auscultation - listening to the lungs using a phonendoscope.
However, establishing the presence of wheezing is not enough to make a diagnosis of a particular disease. To determine the correct diagnosis, the doctor will ask you to undergo a number of the following examination methods:

general blood analysis;
sputum analysis;
chest x-ray;
computed tomography of the chest;
spirometry (spirography). Allows you to assess the air patency of the respiratory tract and the ability of the lungs to expand;
test with a bronchodilator - performing spirometry before and after inhalation of a drug that dilates the bronchus. Used to assess the reversibility of bronchial narrowing;
bronchoprovocation test - performing spirometry before and after inhalation of methacholine or histamine. Allows you to detect increased sensitivity bronchus, manifested in the form of bronchospasm;
study of blood gas composition (determination of oxygen and carbon dioxide tension in the blood, assessment of blood oxygen saturation);
body plethysmography – a method for assessing function external respiration, which allows you to determine all volumes and capacities of the lungs, including those that are not determined by spirography;
fibrobronchoscopy - a study that allows you to examine the mucous membrane of the bronchi from the inside and examine it cellular composition using a special apparatus. The method is used in case of unclear diagnosis in order to exclude others possible diseases with similar manifestations;
angiopulmonography – study of pulmonary vessels;
lung biopsy.

Consultation is also possible.

Treatment of wheezing

Mucolytic drugs (sputum thinners) are prescribed in the presence of viscous, difficult to separate sputum.
Expectorants – promote better discharge of liquid sputum.
Bronchodilators - expand the narrowed bronchus, helping to improve the passage of air through the respiratory tract.

Prevention of wheezing

Treatment of the underlying disease.
To give up smoking.
Avoiding contact with allergens (for example, dust, animal dander, bird feathers, some food products etc.), provoking bronchial spasm.
Avoiding hypothermia.