Water is the basis of life. The human body is 80-85% water. Water is an excellent solvent, and is necessary for the normal course of numerous biochemical processes that constantly occur in human body. If without food an adult healthy body can "stretch" about 30-40 days, then without water (the so-called "dry hunger strike") - no more than a week.

Water also plays an important role in heat exchange processes, being the basis of most physiological mechanisms heat transfer:

• the inhaled air, entering the nasopharynx, is warmed and saturated with water vapor, for which a certain amount of energy is spent - the colder and drier the air, the higher the heat transfer and the faster the body's water reserves are consumed;
• sweating is one of the most effective ways heat transfer by our body, with a shortage of water reserves, we sweat worse, therefore, heat transfer worsens;
• the process of urination is also accompanied by heat transfer, the more water we drink, the more often urination occurs (heat transfer improves), with water deficiency, urination is rare, urine becomes a yellow saturated color, often with an unpleasant odor;
• with a lack of water, blood thickens, which affects the efficiency of blood circulation skin, respectively, on heat transfer.

Any 6th grade student who started studying physics at high school, probably knows the immutable law - the higher the temperature, the higher the evaporation of the liquid. In other words, with an increase in body temperature, the patient begins to lose more fluid - the higher the temperature, the higher the loss (need) in water.

So that a person can replenish the water reserves of his body in time, and not die from dehydration, nature "invented" thirsty- when there is not enough liquid reserves, an SOS signal enters our brain, and we want to drink. A simple conclusion follows from this - the presence of thirst indicates an insufficient amount of fluid in our body. Therefore, you should not drink water when I WANT TO, but because it NECESSARY drink.

A simple and reliable "indicator" that our body has enough water with plenty of drinking is frequent urination(while the color of urine is usually transparent), of course, if there are no pathologies associated with genitourinary system or, for example, diabetes.

However, to force to drink small child, and even during illness, is often a difficult task. But at high temperature There is no alternative to frequent and plentiful drinking! Drinking plenty of water during a fever is a prerequisite for effective symptomatic therapy. It should be understood that without enough fluid entering the body, efficiency drug therapy decreases.

What and how to drink with a fever

• the temperature of any drink should be close to body temperature, only in this case the liquid will be absorbed as quickly as possible into the blood from the stomach;
• drinking clean water is best, but you can various teas, decoctions, compotes, juices, fruit drinks - everything that the child likes (and, therefore, easier to drink);
• separately worth paying attention to diaphoretic products, for example, raspberries - raspberry tea causes profuse sweating, for this reason, the child should be given water to drink in advance so that he has something to sweat;
• rehydrating solutions for oral intake indicated for large fluid losses (unstoppable and frequent vomiting, diarrhea), when, together with water, salts and trace elements vital for normal functioning organism. Such solutions are sold in pharmacies, often in the form of powders, which must be diluted with boiled water according to the instructions that come with the solution. Unfortunately, many solutions are not very pleasant taste therefore, it is not so easy to get their children drunk, but sometimes it is vital.

Separately, it should be said about the children of the first year of life, who can be watered clean water, a decoction of raisins, the same instant drinks and oral rehydrators specifically designed for babies.

The main signs of water deficiency in the body of a child:

• dry skin;
• constant thirst;
• rare urination, while the urine has a rich yellow color;
• weak effect of antipyretics.

Should be remembered! How higher temperature body of the child, as well as drier and warmer air where he is, the more water his body requires.

ATTENTION! The information provided on this site is for reference only. We are not responsible for possible Negative consequences self-treatment!

How to bring down the temperature in a child at home. consequences of high temperature. broken mercury thermometer what to do. Medications to reduce fever in a child.

The child's temperature rises suddenly and rises rapidly. At the first symptoms, measure it regularly.

Acetic rubdown

Use apple or table vinegar 9%. Mix vinegar with warm water in a glass or enamel bowl in a ratio of 1 tbsp. 500 ml of warm (not hot) boiled water. Next, moisten the sponge and wipe the baby's skin with it: first the back and tummy, then the arms, legs, palms and stacks. Then fan the baby so that the liquid evaporates faster. The procedure is repeated every 2-3 hours.

Rubbing with vinegar solution does not bring down the temperature for good, but only reduces it to a comfortable level. It is easier for the body to cope with the disease. Complications from elevated temperature are excluded.

Wipe the following areas of the body: armpits, elbow bend, knee bend, behind the ears, forehead, neck.

Remember! clean you can't use vinegar rub - damage the baby's skin.

Cold wrap

Lay down a terry towel or blanket. Place a wet diaper or sheet on top. Lay the undressed child on a wet cloth. Wrap with a damp diaper, and on top with a thick warm blanket. After half an hour, unfold, wipe and change into dry clothes. Perform a cold wrap once a day. Used only at temperatures above 38.5. Before this aisle, do a warm wrap.

Cleansing enema

In glass cold water dissolve 2 tsp. salt. Add 10-15 drops beetroot juice. After that, collect the prepared solution in an enema. 50 ml of water is enough for the baby.

If the baby is sick intestinal tract(colitis), it is better to do a cleansing enema with medicinal properties. Add chamomile to the solution. Brew like this: 3-4 tbsp. put chamomile flowers in an enamel bowl. Pour one glass of hot boiled water, cover and heat in a boiling water bath for 15 minutes.

Then it is cooled at room temperature for 45 minutes, filtered, the remaining raw material is squeezed out, and the amount of the resulting infusion is diluted with boiled water to a volume of 200 ml.

Chamomile infusion mixed with sunflower oil, for small children - in half, for older children, add 2 tablespoons of sunflower oil to 700-800 ml of solution.

Warm compress

Soak a washcloth in warm mint tea, then wring it out thoroughly.

Put prepared compresses on the forehead, temples, wrists, inguinal folds. Change these compresses every 10 minutes. This method will help to quickly bring down the temperature in the child.

Hypertonic saline

Drinkable at high temperatures hypertonic solutions. Calculate the dose as follows: prepare 1-2 teaspoons of salt for 1 cup (200 ml) of warm boiled water (cool water will cause cramps and pain in the baby).

The prepared solution helps the absorption of water through the intestinal walls and removes toxins along with feces.

For babies up to 6 months old, inject 30-50 ml of the prepared solution.

Children from 6 months to 1-1.5 years old should be given 70-100 ml.

Children 2-3 years old - 200 ml.

children preschool age- 300 - 400 ml.

Children 12-14 years old need to enter 700-800 ml of water per 1 liter of water 1-2 tablespoons table salt without top.

Plentiful drink

At high temperatures, the body rapidly loses fluid through the skin. To reduce the temperature you need to sweat a lot. Therefore, let the baby drink tea, infusion or fruit drink as often as possible. It is important that the drink is not hot soap, but always warm. Useful properties possess: linden infusion, cranberry juice, juice from red currant berries, lingonberry juice, an infusion of rose hips, a decoction of raisins, older children are given dried fruit compote. Raspberry tea is best given after any other drink, so as not to provoke dehydration.

Room ventilation

Ventilate the room regularly. Fresh air must be constantly available. It is important to ensure coolness in the children's room (18-20 ° C). The child should not be in the room.

Wet environment

In dry air, the body will lose more fluid. Therefore, often wipe the floor with a damp cloth or hang wet towels near the crib. Use a humidifier. Optimum room humidity is 50-60%.

Cool water bath

The child is placed waist-deep in a slightly warm bath, the procedure lasts up to 20 minutes and is repeated twice. The body must not be dried. As the body dries out, heat will be released through the skin.

Proper clothing

Too warm clothes for the baby are dangerous. lead to overheating and heat stroke. If the child is not chilly, dress lightly, do not cover with thick blankets. Do not dress your baby in synthetic clothing. Give preference to natural fabrics.

Symptoms of fever in a child

An elevated body temperature in a child may be indicated by:

• temperature between 37.2°C and 38.0°C - slight fever, requires supervision of the child
• temperature between 38.0°C and 38.5°C - moderate fever, the child should be cooled without the use of antipyretic drugs
• temperature above 38.5°C — high boost temperature, requires the use of antipyretic drugs and its intensive reduction
• temperature above 40°C is a medical emergency

Fever in a child - possible causes

A high temperature in a child can appear both due to teething or a common cold, or be a symptom of a very serious illness. Therefore, whenever a child has a fever, you should consult a doctor.

Most common causes fever in children are:

The temperature may rise during the mandatory vaccination period (along with other symptoms such as: redness or swelling at the injection site, restlessness, drowsiness), as well as teething.

Other possible reasons fever in children and infants is:

Attention! Meningococci, pneumococci and rotaviruses are especially dangerous for young children.

Meningococci are bacteria that cause meningococcal disease, which occurs as sepsis or meningitis.

Pneumococcus can cause many diseases. The most common infections are:

Rotaviruses are very dangerous pathogens that cause acute, watery diarrhea(up to several times a day), high fever (up to 40°C) and infections of the upper respiratory tract.

Febrile seizures - reaction nervous system to rapidly rising temperatures. A child with a high temperature (usually over 39°C) has rhythmic muscle twitches, sometimes with loss of consciousness. An attack of febrile convulsions resembles an attack of epilepsy and lasts for several minutes. In this case, call a doctor as soon as possible.

Before the doctor arrives, place the child on its side and unbutton the clothes. In this situation

It is better to use an antipyretic in a suppository. After an attack of febrile convulsions, the doctor prescribes a neurological medication for the child. EEG examination to rule out brain damage.

In a child, the temperature regulator is finally formed after the first year of life. Therefore, young mothers should not panic if the child has a temperature of 37.2 without symptoms on the thermometer. This temperature may be due to

A temperature without symptoms occurs in a baby if:

The temperature in a child can rise with a sharp decrease in hemoglobin.

When to see a doctor with a fever in a child

It all depends on the age of the child and accompanying symptoms. Urgent consultation is necessary for a newborn or infant with a fever. Younger and older children should see a doctor when a fever is accompanied by other warning signs:

An elevated temperature that lasts no longer than 3 days mild symptoms, can be lowered without consulting a doctor.

How to take a child's temperature correctly

The child should have a separate thermometer, which should be disinfected as often as possible (wipe with alcohol or at least rinse warm water). For an accurate orientation in the baby's body temperature, you need to measure the baby's temperature in a healthy and calm state. For measurement accuracy, it is better to do this in the morning and in the evening. But when the baby is sick, it is advisable to measure the temperature three times a day and preferably at the same time. After each measurement, the results should be recorded in a "temperature diary", based on which the doctor will be able to judge the disease.

Types of thermometers:

Also, make sure that at the time when he measures the temperature of a child, he is calm, because if he is capricious and crying, then the readings can differ significantly from the real ones. It can be measured in any of the following places: armpit, rectum or inguinal fold. To measure the temperature in the mouth, it is better to use a special thermometer in the form of a pacifier.

Remember that the temperature measured in the rectum is usually 0.5 degrees higher than that measured in the mouth and one degree higher than that in the armpit or inguinal fold. But just as much depends on the child himself, because for everyone this difference can be significant. At the same time, evening indicators are usually higher than morning ones, so it is worth judging by the average.

You can measure temperature in several ways:

How to measure body temperature in the armpit:

1. If you are using a mercury thermometer, bring the mercury down to 35-35.5˚C
2. Place the tip of the thermometer under your arm. Skin must be dry
3. Fix the thermometer by pressing the child's elbow to the side, and placing the palm on the chest. The measurement time is 4-5 minutes for a mercury thermometer or until the electronic beep. If possible, try to keep the child calm and move as little as possible during the temperature measurement.
4. Thermometer readings above 37.2˚C indicate an elevated body temperature

When measuring rectal temperature:

1. Lay your baby on your side or on your lap with your stomach down.
2. Lubricate the tip of the thermometer with petroleum jelly or baby oil and carefully insert it to a depth of 1.5-2 cm for children under 6 months, 2-3 cm for older children
3. During the measurement, hold the child's buttocks with your hands so that by accident, the child does not harm himself by twitching.
4. Time - measurements 2 minutes or until beep

This method is best used once a day. After using the thermometer, wash the tip with warm soapy water and wipe with alcohol.

Measurement body temperature in the mouth:

1. Take the measurement no earlier than 30 minutes after a hot or cold drink
2. Place the tip of the thermometer under the tongue, the child can lightly press it with the tongue. You can hold the thermometer with your lips or fingers, but not with your teeth. Breathe calmly through your nose without opening your mouth
3. Measurement time - 3 minutes or until the beep

Measurement body temperature on the forehead:

1. For this, a non-contact infrared thermometer is used.
2. The thermometer should be held perpendicular to the center of the forehead and brought closer or removed until one point of light is obtained on the forehead
3. When this dot appears, the thermometer is ready for an accurate measurement.
4. The normal temperature on the forehead is 36.4°C.
5. When the temperature drops, sweat can form on the forehead, which lowers the temperature of the skin.
6. In this case, you can measure the temperature on the neck, from a distance of about 2.5 cm below the earlobe

To measure ear temperature need to:

Broken mercury thermometer what to do

It is necessary to process the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room where the thermometer crashed.

We clean with a solution of potassium permanganate or bleach. To prepare a manganese solution, it is necessary to dilute 2 g of potassium permanganate per 1 liter of water. If these things are not at hand, they can be replaced with a soap and soda solution.

It is prepared as follows:

Such a solution needs 0.5 liters per one square meter premises. This cleaning is recommended to be performed within 5 days. The room in which the thermometer crashed must be constantly ventilated.

Broken thermometer what to do with mercury

Mercury is a metal. It becomes a liquid at room temperature. It looks like silver-white beads or balls (globules).

Liquid mercury easily evaporates into the air, even at room temperature to form mercury vapor (gas). Mercury vapor is dangerous. Two grams of mercury can spread to almost six thousand cubic meters.

There is little mercury in the thermometer (about 3g). This is not enough for poisoning. But if you inhale or swallow a large number of mercury, then symptoms may occur:

If symptoms appear, rinse your eyes, rinse your mouth and call an ambulance immediately!

In some cities, there are organizations that dispose of broken thermometers. But they don't come to the scene. These organizations personally accept cracked or broken, as well as failed thermometers or tonometers from the townspeople.

How to collect mercury from a broken thermometer

If you broke a thermometer and spilled mercury, you need to collect all drops of mercury in a glass dish with water. For this we use:

After collecting mercury, in no case should you:

Mercury balls reflect light, so the flashlight quickly finds any beads.

Medications to reduce fever in a child

For children, there is a limited number of antipyretic drugs. Them, as well as methods of reception, side effects, we will consider contraindications below.

Drugs to reduce the temperature in a child are: Paracetamol and Nurofen.

Panadol suspension 120 mg/5 ml, 100 ml

Syrup and suspension Panadol differ from tablets in speed of action and ease of use. Small children do not know how to swallow tablets, and if they are crushed beforehand, usually some of the medicine remains on a spoon or in a baby bottle. Thus, it is difficult to correctly determine the dose of the drug.

According to the instructions, you need to take Panadol depending on body weight:

The interval between doses is always at least 4 hours.

If the temperature rises in a child under 3 months of age, Panadol is prescribed 2.5 ml.

• hypersensitivity
• neonatal period (up to 1 month)
• severe impairment of liver or kidney function

Side effects:

• allergic reactions (incl. skin rash, itching, angioedema)
• hematopoietic disorders (anemia, thrombocytopenia, methemoglobinemia)

Nurofen for children, suspension 100 mg/5 ml, 100 ml, strawberry

Many of my patients prefer Nurofen to other antipyretics. First of all, because it brings down the temperature almost immediately (within 15-20 minutes), and its action is enough for 6 hours.

How to take Nurofen:

Contraindications for use:

• hypersensitivity to ibuprofen
• bleeding and clotting disorders
• stomach ulcer in history or present
• bronchospasm
• rhinitis

Side effects:

• allergic reactions of varying severity
• dyspeptic disorders
• stool disorder
• rarely - stomach bleeding

Babies are often prescribed medicines in the form of rectal suppositories- candles. Use

Many parents remember that using to reduce the temperature

The action of such drugs is faster than in the form of tablets.

Rectal suppositories are best used for children under 3 years old, older kids are recommended syrups.

If taking pills, syrups and suppositories does not help, there is one more proven remedy. An injection of analgin and diphenhydramine with papaverine in a dosage of 1 ampoule for adults and children over 14 years of age. For kids younger age the dosage is 0.1 ml per year of life. For example, for a child of 5 years old, the dosage is considered as follows: 5 * 0.1 = 0.5 ml.

Make a decision about the method of treating a child only after consulting a doctor! And be healthy.

Colds, flu, and inflammation of different localization are accompanied by an increase in body temperature. This is a protective reaction of the body to the aggression of foreign agents.

What happens in the body at high temperatures

At this moment, a huge number of bacteria (or viruses) and their metabolic products appear in the human bloodstream. In response to such dominance, body temperature rises. And at the height of the temperature reaction, the very inner nature of a person produces substances that are very actively fighting any pest. And these substances fulfill their mission so effectively that no antibiotic can be compared with such a virtuoso-adjusted work.

One of the universal substances that immunity produces at such moments is interferon . A particularly large amount of interferon appears on the 2nd - 3rd day. Therefore, three days after the onset of the disease, a person, as a rule, begins to actively recover.

Do I need to lower the temperature?

How to behave correctly and how to help the body at a high temperature?

First of all, do not immediately try to bring down the temperature. Yes, a person feels bad at these moments: his head hurts, his whole body aches, especially bones and muscles. But if we provide assistance correctly, then recovery will not be long in coming, it will come quickly, in 2-3 days, and without complications and delays in the process.

Why is it necessary to lie in bed

The primary task is to aim at the fact that for a couple of days the strict bed rest. Lying in bed is important! At the moment of illness, the blood in the vessels flows "dirty" with microbes and "waste" formed during the "war" between the aggressors and the defense. It is necessary to provide all conditions for this “dirt” to leave the body through natural channels as quickly as possible and to the fullest extent.

And if a person, having drunk pills and bringing down the temperature, tries to do some work, then it is likely that he will “fall” into complications. For example, if at that time I decided to do something related to the movement of the body in space, then due to the load on the joints, “dirty” blood will flow to them and: “Hello, arthritis!”. Lying in bed, read some book - then, again, toxins will be able to attack visual analyzer. And with diligent listening to audio recordings, you can already guess which organ will suffer.

Those. the first condition for helping our body is to lie down, warmly covered, and at the same time the temperature in the room should be 18-23 degrees.

The next indispensable condition is to drink plenty of fluids.

I advise my patients to drink dried fruit compotes, decoctions of raisins, dried apricots, cherries, currants, cranberries. It is very useful to add a slice of lemon or a spoonful of honey to the drink (honey is a natural antibiotic).

Traditionally, it is strongly suggested to drink teas from viburnum, raspberry, linden. This is absolutely not necessary!

Kalina, raspberry, linden and other diaphoretic herbs “turn off” the kidney from work. They contain aspirin. Aspirin (or acetylsalicylic acid) - was once obtained from white willow (salex alba). The well-known diaphoretic effect of aspirin is based on the fact that it blocks the work of the kidney, i.e. filtration of urine is sharply reduced.

Through what channels, in this case, will waste - ballast substances be removed?

All spent and filled with toxins fluid rushes to the exit through the sweat glands. But the sweat glands are a much less powerful object for removing harmful particles. Therefore, while the kidney does not work under the influence of aspirin, the body is forced to "hide" the lion's share of toxins away, and disperses them in the intercellular substance. "Garbage" is securely hidden, but it remains in the system.

How will a person generally feel, even if an imaginary recovery has occurred? Thus, a reliable foundation for chronic processes, complications, etc. has been created. And that explains general weakness, fatigue, unmotivated headaches, meteo-dependence. In addition, the body loses the ability to subsequently raise the temperature and counteract the aggression of viruses and bacteria. I think that you have met people in your life who said: “I feel very bad at the time of a cold, but I never have a temperature.” This is exactly the case when the internal doctor was not allowed to do anything, depressing the defense by instantly bringing down the temperature.

In addition, the presence of people huge amount autoimmune diseases suggests that in the perverted mechanism of attack by the immune system of its own cells, a dangerous, thoughtless "game" with the violent oppression of Nature itself plays an important role. A to autoimmune diseases very dangerous diseases include: rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, diabetes 1st type, hemorrhagic vasculitis, etc.

And so, we do not drink aspirin: neither pharmacy, nor contained in diaphoretic herbs. We drink a lot of liquid, which I listed above.

Why not water?

What temperature should be brought down?

If the temperature creeps above 39 degrees, then this means that the person drinks little, there is not enough water in the system for cooling.

To be more confident in the correctness of your actions, it is very good to be under the supervision of your family doctor, who knows this way of curating patients.

V extreme cases, if it is not possible to keep the situation under control, then we turn to the "heavy artillery": antipyretic drugs of chemical origin. Personally, I most often recommend to my patients nurofen.

It must be remembered that an increase in temperature entails an increase in heart rate. Each degree gives an increase of approximately 10 contractions. At 39 degrees - increases to 100-110. If it crawls further up to 120-130, then it is dangerous. The likelihood of complications increases dramatically. In these cases, urgent medical attention is required. !

It is also important to remember that if the temperature on the 4th - 5th day began to normalize, and then again manifested itself as high, then the likelihood of complications in this case is high! In such cases, you must consult a doctor!

I hope this article will help you with proper sanity about your health! If so, then share it with your friends!

You can find out about my methods of work

It's clear now why colds, influenza, as well as inflammation of different localization are accompanied by an increase in body temperature. This is a protective reaction of the body to the aggression of foreign agents.

Better than any cure is PREVENTION. Read an article about it:

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CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN BEFORE USE!

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What to do if the child has a fever? If this situation took you by surprise. And at home there is not even a banal aspirin. Or your baby has a drug allergy.

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Use non-drug treatments for high fever. If your child has a high temperature, there are so many methods to deal with it.

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Remember! It is not necessary to reduce the child's body temperature if it does not exceed 38-39 degrees and the child does not tolerate this condition well. Temperature is a defensive reaction of the body.

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What can you do if your child has a high fever:

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Wipe with vinegar water

per liter of water room temperature- a tablespoon of vinegar. Ordinary vinegar can be replaced with apple cider vinegar. Rubdowns start from the chest and back, then the arms and bottom half body. A cold napkin with acetic water is placed on the forehead. Such rubdowns can be repeated every 2 hours.

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If the child sweats, it is necessary to change the linen. Make sure the baby is not wrapped up.

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Wraps

It's old but very effective method and lowering the temperature, and cleansing the body. The skin, like the lungs, breathes, and excretes with sweat harmful products metabolism. Especially this function of the skin works well in children. Therefore, a full wrap is very effective for young children with acute processes.

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To do this, take a cotton cloth and soak in water or yarrow infusion. Yarrow - 2 tablespoons are placed in a glass or enamel bowl, poured with water and boiled in a water bath for 15 minutes. Cool, filter.

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Older children at this time are given diaphoretic herbs - honey, raspberries; Of course, in the absence of allergies. How stronger sweating the more efficient the procedure. Often, sweating is delayed and appears after the second or third procedure. But wraps do not need to be done twice a day, repeat this procedure at the next rise in temperature, the next day.

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At the end of the procedure, prepare a warm bath and wash the child from sweat. If the baby does not want to take a bath, wash it with a warm shower. Without wiping, wrap in a sheet, blanket and put in a crib for 10-15 minutes. Then dress in clean linen.

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Cleansing enema

Cleanse the intestines and you will prevent the body from absorbing harmful toxic substances from the lower parts of it, which always accumulate there. After a cleansing enema, the temperature always drops by 0.5-2 degrees, general state the child is improving. Of course, this phenomenon is temporary, but aspirin also reduces the temperature by only 1-1.5 hours.

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We must remember! Children should not be given an enema with plain water. Rapidly absorbed from the intestines, water carries with it harmful metabolic products and they are reabsorbed into the blood.Children need to enter hypertonic solutions. The calculation is as follows: 1 tsp of salt per 1 glass warm water. This solution removes water and stool out.

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Children up to 6 months it will be enough to inject 30-50 ml of the solution;

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children 6-1.5 years old enter 70-100 ml;

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starting from 2-3 years - one glass is enough;

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enough for preschoolers 1.5 - 2 cups of solution.

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Children from 12 to 14 years old inject 700-800 ml per liter of water 1-2 tablespoons of salt without a slide.

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What to drink and feed

If the child has a temperature, give him diluted cranberry juice, blackcurrant juice, dried fruit compote. alkaline mineral water- 1-2 tablespoons, tea with lemon. If the baby asks for food, then in addition to drinking plenty of water, you can feed whole grain porridge (buckwheat, rice, oatmeal) but without butter and milk, crackers, baked apples, biscuit cookies, fruits, vegetables.

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It is better to introduce meat and dairy food gradually, provided that the temperature steadily decreases and the general condition improves.

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WHAT YOU CAN AND DO NOT DO WITH A HIGH TEMPERATURE IN A CHILD (7 golden rules)

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Is there any benefit to high temperatures? Undoubtedly! Fever is a response to infection defense mechanism, which helps the body fight viruses, with an increase in body temperature, protective factors are produced in the body

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1. How and when to bring down the temperature of a child

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We knock down if it is above 38.5 - 39. Your task is to reduce T to 38.9 C in the ass (38.5 C in the armpit).

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To lower T, use paracetamol (acetaminophen), ibuprofen. Never use aspirin, especially if your child has chickenpox.

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Undress the child (do not wrap!). Don't forget the cool fresh air in the room.

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To reduce T, you can also use cool baths (water temperature corresponds to normal body temperature).

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Do not use alcohol rubs, especially on young children. Remember, alcohol is poison for a child.

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2. Why don't paracetamol and ibuprofen always work?

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The fact is that all drugs in pediatric practice are calculated on the weight of a particular child. The drugs must be taken, correctly calculating the dose for the weight of a particular child, using special measuring syringes. Manufacturers, especially cheap paracetamol, for some reason underestimate doses, and focusing on the recommendation - "from 6 months to 3 years" is also not reasonable, since it is not one dose of the drug may be suitable for a child weighing 8 to 18 kg.

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3. How to take antipyretics correctly?

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(We calculate the dose of the drug) Paracetamol (Panadol, Efferalgan, Cefecon D) single dose of the drug - 15 mg / kg. That is, for a child weighing 10 kg, a single dose will be 10 kg X 15 \u003d 150 mg. For a child weighing 15 kg - 15X15 = 225 mg. This dose can be given up to 4 times a day if needed. Ibuprofen (Nurofen, Ibufen) single dose drug 10 mg/kg. That is, a child weighing 8 kg needs 80 mg, and weighing 20 kg - 200 mg. The drug can be given no more than 3 times a day. The drugs reduce the temperature within an hour and a half, by about 1-1.5 degrees, one should not expect a decrease in temperature to the “normal” of 36.6.

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4. What drugs SHOULD NOT be given to a child

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Analgin (metamisole sodium). The use of the drug in the civilized world is not approved due to its high toxicity, inhibitory effect on hematopoiesis. In Russia, it is widely used, especially in conditions emergency care, consisting of " lytic mixture". Perhaps a single administration of the drug in conditions where others, more safe drugs not available. But the constant intake of analgin with each rise in temperature is absolutely unacceptable. Aspirin ( Acetylsalicylic acid) - the use of the drug in children under 12 years of age with viral infections prohibited due to possible development toxic encephalopathy with liver damage - Reye's syndrome. Nimesulide (Nise, Nimulide) - was widely advertised as an antipyretic in children a few years ago due to gaps in the legislation. Temperature drops remarkably. Produced only in India. In the civilized world, the application in childhood prohibited due to the possibility of developing severe liver damage (toxic hepatitis). On the this moment the use of the drug in children under 12 years of age in Russia is prohibited by the pharmaceutical committee.

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5. You can't!

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- apply cold objects to the "temperature" body of the child - this provokes a spasm of the skin vessels. And if a decrease in skin temperature occurs, then the temperature internal organs, on the contrary, increases, which is extremely dangerous.

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- Do not rub with alcohol or vinegar, since through the skin these substances enter the body of the child, which means that poisoning is possible.

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6. What to do with "white fever"? Is there any benefit to high temperatures?

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Undoubtedly! Fever is a response to infection, a protective mechanism that helps the body fight viruses, with an increase in body temperature, protective factors are produced in the body. If your baby's skin, despite the high temperature, is pink and moist to the touch, you can be relatively calm - the balance between heat production and heat loss is not disturbed. But if at a high temperature the skin is pale, the hands and feet are cold, and the child is chilled, then this is " white fever”, which causes vasospasm. The cause may be damage to the central nervous system, lack of fluid, decreased pressure, and other reasons.

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For white fever:

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1) Try to give half a tablet of Nosh-pa and intensively rub the cold extremities of the child with your hands. Keep in mind that antipyretics will not begin to act in full force until the vasospasm has passed. Be sure to call ambulance— they will inject the "lytic mixture"!

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2) Eliminate any methods of physical cooling - rubbing, wrapping in cold sheets, etc.! Your child already has a spasm of skin vessels.

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7. What form of medicine to choose?

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When choosing the form of medicine (liquid mixture, syrup, chewable tablets, candles) it should be borne in mind that drugs in solution or syrup act after 20-30 minutes, in candles - after 30-45 minutes, but their effect is longer. Candles can be used in a situation where the child vomits when taking liquid or refuses to drink medicine. Candles are best used after a child's bowel movements, they are convenient to enter at night.

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In what cases do children tolerate colds, SARS, flu more easily? How to help a child's body cope with a high temperature without medication? Is it enough good care for a child to recover from a cough and runny nose? Experienced pediatrician reveals the mechanisms of well-known ways of caring for children during illness.

If the child shows signs, you should leave him at home and put him to bed. This serves two purposes. First, by doing so you contribute to more easy flow disease in the child. Secondly, you protect his friends from getting sick.

Air in the room: cool, humid, fresh

It is necessary that air temperature in the room of a sick child was not higher than usual (20-21 ° C), and the air was humidified.

Some doctors recommend even a moderately reduced air temperature - 16-18 ° C, and there is a reason for this. The fact is that heat transfer from the surface of the child's body is difficult if the room is very warm, and the child is thoroughly wrapped up. The child also gives off heat when breathing, inhaling cool air, and exhaling air that has warmed up in the lungs to body temperature. Moreover, the greater the temperature difference, the greater the heat transfer, the less likely that the child's body temperature will rise to very high numbers.

Wet air it is necessary, firstly, to maintain the moisture of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, otherwise the child will not be able to cough up thick and viscous sputum. Secondly, in order to combat the increase in body temperature, the child has to sweat. If it is in a room with low humidity, the inhaled dry air in the lungs is humidified up to 90-100% (remember the steam from the mouth when breathing in cool weather). With each exhalation, the child loses fluid, and the respiratory rate in young children is 2-3 times more often than in an adult. During the day, the child loses up to half a liter of fluid with breathing. What a sweat...

If you live in a house with central heating, it is advisable to either use a special air humidifier, or hang a moistened terry towel on the radiator several times a day. This will facilitate the child's breathing, will contribute to effective coughing.

The air in the room where the sick child is located should be fresh. To do this, several times a day, the room must be ventilated. The best way airings consider next. The child is temporarily taken out to another room, in the room for several minutes the vents (window) and the door are opened at the same time - they create a draft. At the same time, the walls and furniture do not have time to cool down, and after airing the air temperature in the room is very quickly restored. Airing allows you to remove microorganisms that have accumulated there from the room. This also contributes to wet cleaning of the room.

Food and drink for colds

A sick child wants to be cured as soon as possible. It is believed that additional energy is needed to fight the disease. And food is the main source of energy. Everything is logical, but not quite right.

As a rule, during a cold, a child's appetite is reduced. If you try to overfeed your child during an illness, then the assimilation of food consumes the forces that the child could use to fight the infection. In such a case, a child always has some reserves in the body, which are less expensive to use than to digest food. After recovery, the appetite will improve, and the child will quickly restore his reserves. So how should you feed your baby? Only focusing on his appetite.

With mild diseases that do not require significant costs to fight the infection, the appetite is not disturbed. The more severe the disease, the worse appetite and the less the child should eat.

The next point is related to feeding the child. Trying to compensate for the loss of appetite, they often try to feed the child with some delicious dishes: exotic fruits, oriental sweets, red caviar and other foods that the child rarely eats in everyday life. However, a new (even very tasty) food requires getting used to, and when you get sick, your digestive capabilities are reduced. And instead of benefiting a cold, indigestion can join.

Food should be familiar to the child, not plentiful, although, of course, preference should be given to favorite, especially vegetable, dishes. But the amount of liquid in the diet of a sick child must be significantly increased.

An additional need for fluid is due to the fact that when a child becomes ill, the activity of metabolic processes increases. The formation of toxins that need to be removed with urine, sweat, and feces is increasing. When the disease requires increased excretion of toxic waste products of microorganisms. When the body temperature rises, sweating increases and breathing quickens. This is accompanied by increased fluid loss through sweat and exhaled air. Increased mucus formation also requires additional fluid costs.

All these additional fluid costs in the event of a child’s illness must be foreseen and compensated, without waiting until his lips dry and sputum thickens and the child cannot cough it up. On the contrary, if a child is given timely and plentiful water, this will not save him from the disease, but when a fever appears, he will sweat profusely; body temperature will not be excessively high; will be wet - sputum will easily leave; the child will urinate profusely; and the deterioration of well-being will be insignificant.

In most cases of colds, the success of the fight against the disease largely depends not so much on medication, but on drinking enough water. At the same time, it is not enough to water the child only when he asks.

Pay attention to the wetness of the lips and remember when the child last peed. An indicator of fluid deficiency in the child's body is dryness of the mucous membranes (lips, tongue) and decreased urination, and in children over 1 year old, there is also an increase in the concentration of salts in the urine, which is manifested by its more pronounced color.

It is very important to anticipate the development of the disease and give the child too much water beyond his desire. It's not always easy. You have to choose a drink that he likes. The choice is wide enough. As a drink, you can offer weak tea, dried fruit compote, fruit and berry juices, fruit drinks, non-carbonated mineral water, raisin decoction, special rehydration solutions.

Water the child should be fractional, in small portions, avoiding violence, but resorting to various tricks that your imagination is capable of. Here, both a personal example and various game situations can be used. With a categorical refusal to drink, try to offer the child food rich in liquid - melon, watermelon, cucumbers.

The temperature of the drink depends on the goals that you set for yourself. If the child is dehydrated and needs fluid to be absorbed into the digestive tract, the drinking temperature should be consistent with body temperature. If it is more important for you to reduce first of all elevated temperature body of the child, the drink should be at room temperature, since part of the thermal energy is consumed in the digestive tract to heat the liquid drunk.

Comment on the article "Caring for a child with a cold: how much to drink and what to feed"

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Caring for a child with a cold: how much to drink and what to feed. If a child shows signs of a cold, leave him at home and put him to bed. Colds are not transmitted through milk, but milk will protect your child from your own cold.

The child was not isolated anywhere, because there is nowhere. Get out of bed three times a day and quickly cook porridge, even with a high temperature. But if you're unsure...

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Caring for a child with a cold: how much to drink and what to feed. The situation is as follows, what to do if the mother is sick, and the child is on breastfeeding?

Digestion. Children's medicine. Child health, diseases and treatment, clinic, hospital, doctor, vaccinations. Child care for colds, flu and SARS: cool and humid air in the room, food according to appetite, plenty of fluids.

Caring for a child with a cold: how much to drink and what to feed. But the amount of liquid in the diet of a sick child must be significantly increased. The additional need for fluid is related to In general, to minimize infusions and where it is very necessary - well, to get rid of ...

Caring for a child with a cold: how much to drink and what to feed. Food and drink for colds. In what cases do children tolerate colds, SARS, flu more easily? ASK_ADVICE A question from a member of the group: “Is it possible to breastfeed if the mother is sick?”

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Caring for a child with a cold: how much to drink and what to feed. Feed - feed - feed. You have Ren in your milk, we also got sick before NG. I had a pace of 39 for 4 days, Katya had it, but it was small, I Penicillin antibiotics can be breastfeeding, but this is not for ...

Drink as much as possible. Juices are undesirable, but if he does not drink anything else, then they can be. Good: dried fruit compote without prunes, mineral cold in a child. "Derinat" - to protect your baby! Caring for a child with a cold: how much to drink and what to feed.

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Pouring with a cold If you have time to catch the onset of a cold in time - immediately pour cold water, if possible as early as possible, then a couple more times and in the morning alone, by the evening, as a rule, he is already healthy. Caring for a child with a cold: how much to drink and what to feed.

Caring for a child with a cold: how much to drink and what to feed. At the same time, it is not enough to water the child only when he asks. Your symptoms are not terrifying, leave the child alone, after three days you will see improvements yourself.