Nootropics for concussion. What to do in case of a concussion, the specifics of the injury and medical recommendations

When a blow to the head or a sharp turn occurs, the brain can move from its usual place in seconds and then return back, as it is washed by the liquid in the box. With very strong blow the brain can hit the skull. During a bruise, the fibers and blood vessels in the structure of the brain stretch and certain symptoms occur in a person.

Such symptoms in the head may include nausea. After that, the person must constantly be at rest and drink drugs that the doctor will prescribe. It is worth taking funds strictly on the recommendation of a specialist. As treatment procedures other methods can be used in adults.

What pills to drink for concussion, as well as what other drugs can be used for treatment, will be described in this article. Concussion treatment can be done at home or in a hospital under the supervision of a doctor. At the same time, all the efforts of the doctor will be aimed at relieving the symptoms.

In some cases, with a concussion, the symptoms can be very acute. Unpleasant sensations can occur immediately immediately after the impact, and then last for another 2-3 hours. Depending on the severity and form of the injury, the patient may experience the following symptoms:

Attacks of nausea and vomiting.
Head spin.
Confusion of consciousness.
Pain in the head.
Arrhythmia.
Noise in ears.
Loss of memory.
Loss of consciousness.

After a certain period of time after the injury, such symptoms subside, and the victim is relieved of the condition. It is at this moment that the pathology must be diagnosed in order to begin to treat it on time.

This is the only way therapy can be as effective as possible. If treatment is not started on time, then the patient will worsen mental condition, weakness in the body appears and sleep is disturbed.

Diagnosis

Before prescribing medications for concussion, it is necessary to determine the severity of the pathology. For this, the doctor interviews the patient and his relatives, finds out the moments of injury, as well as the symptoms that manifested themselves after that.

Those who are in the first minutes after the injury near the victim should remember everything that happens to him, and what symptoms bother him at first. This is necessary so that in 15-20 minutes after the injury, the symptoms can change their character in the horse. When the patient loses consciousness after a stroke, then it is necessary to remember how long he was in this state.

If there is no damage to the skull bone, then the pathology can be diagnosed when examining the patient, as well as according to certain signs that may appear. The doctor can also take tactile tests and carry out the following diagnostic methods:

Doppler.
Electroencephalographic.
Ophthalmic.

If testing reveals that there is a violation of the integrity of the skull bone or there are internal tumors in the head, then an MRI or CT scan can be prescribed using the appropriate equipment.

After the thorough examination and diagnosis, the doctor prescribes treatment for the patient, which can be of the following types:

Medication... Concussion pills are taken, injections are given to improve (TBI) brain state. What medications to take is decided by the doctor conducting the treatment.
Physiotherapy... They are carried out after the acute symptoms have been removed.
Operational... If, after injury, large hematomas in the skull are identified or damage occurs.

Throughout the entire period of therapy, the patient must be given complete rest. He needs to be in bed all this time. This will enable faster treatment and less time in the hospital. Also, such procedures will make it possible to eliminate the possibility of complications.

Concussion drugs

If the severity of the injuries is moderate or mild, then instead of injections, the patient can be prescribed drugs that contain a minimum amount of active ingredients. Depending on the intensity of the manifestation of symptoms, the following drugs are prescribed:

Analgesics... May relieve pain and sedate.
Nootropic... Helps restore impaired brain function. It is memory, perception or speech.
Antiemetic... Relieve attacks of nausea. It is necessary to take it only when certain symptoms appear.
Diuretic... They are prescribed in cases where edema may occur in the brain or there is a risk of hypertension.
From dizziness... They are used to relieve the corresponding symptomatology.
Sedatives... They normalize a person's excitability and put his sleep in order.
Tranquilizers... If the drugs that are listed above did not bring positive effect, then these tools are applied. Their reception is carried out only in a hospital under the supervision of a doctor. Such substances are taken until the patient's stress passes.
Vitamins... They are assigned as Excipients and provide nutrition to the brain and fibers.

All drugs and their dosage should be determined only by a doctor. This does not depend on where the treatment will be carried out: in a hospital or at home.

There is no guarantee that the person will not have headaches after completing the treatment. They can be permanent or temporary. If the nature of such manifestations does not apply to migraines and other similar pathologies, then the doctor may prescribe the intake of Citramon or Pentalgin, as well as other means that must be selected individually for each.

In addition to taking medications, other procedures must be prescribed. Among them are neurological and vascular. All of them help to normalize the state of the brain and blood vessels, as well as tissues in the head.

Important! Those who have suffered a concussion should stop drinking alcohol, coffee, tobacco and drugs.

In order to normalize the patient's condition when he has a concussion in old age, therapy for sclerosis may be prescribed. It is also important with such treatment to eliminate, as far as possible, other chronic pathologies in organism.

When a person has a tendency to epilepsy, then after a head injury, he must be constantly monitored in a dispensary. Also, after this injury, such patients should take a vacation and go to a resort in order to spend more time outdoors.

According to statistical studies, concussion is one of the leading diagnoses for head trauma in both older people and children. Doctors believe that the most dangerous thing in this situation is not the damage itself, but the consequences that appear after it. Therefore, it is recommended to take a responsible attitude to your health and in case of deterioration of health, immediately contact a specialist.

To help a person before doctors arrive, you need to do the following:

Lay the injured person on a horizontal surface with a rigid base.
Turn your face as close to the ground as possible to avoid dropping your tongue or getting vomit or other bodily fluids into the respiratory system.
Excluding spinal fractures and lower limbs, it is required to lay the victim on one side, bending right leg 90 degrees with your hand under your head.
Upon detection open head injury it needs to be treated with an antiseptic, and the edges are additionally greased with iodine.

It must be remembered that helping a victim with suspected concussion without being health worker, you can only in order to alleviate his condition. It is forbidden to give the patient any medication before the arrival of an ambulance. Only after a thorough diagnosis, a neurologist can prescribe the correct course of treatment.

Medical indications

Before choosing a therapy, it is important to analyze the causes of a concussion. This can happen due to:

household injury;
accident.

Particularly serious consequences of such damage are often manifested in older people in the form of:

Since the brain is made up entirely of soft tissue, an abrupt change in head position or the impact of a shock can negatively affect its structure. In this case, there is a risk of hematoma formation due to rupture of blood vessels, which leads to a deterioration in cerebral blood supply.

This condition is characterized by the following symptoms:

cephalalgia;
dizziness;
nausea;
violation of coordination of movements;
deterioration of vision.

If, after an accident or a domestic injury, a person has the above symptoms, it is necessary to urgently consult a neurologist or traumatologist. For staging accurate diagnosis doctor in mandatory assigns research, including:

computed tomography;
radiography;
magnetic resonance imaging;
electroencephalography.

Drug treatment

The main thing in concussion therapy is the absence of aggressive drugs... As a rule, treatment is aimed at normalizing the functioning of the main organ of the central nervous system, relieving headaches, improving sleep, getting rid of dizziness, anxiety and other possible pathological conditions.

Most often, analgesics, sleeping pills and sedatives in the form of tablets, less often - intramuscular injections.

Often, analgesic medications are selected by the doctor on an individual basis. Still get rid of unpleasant sensations in the head area, you can independently with the help of:

"Analgin";
Sedalgin;
"Pentalgina";
"Baralgina";
"Maxigan".

The following medications may be prescribed to relieve dizziness:

Tanakan;
Betaserc;
Bellaspon;
Microzero;
"Belloid";
"Platyphyllin";
"Papaverine".

Among the sedatives are noted:

If anxiety escalates into constant anxiety, the doctor may prescribe tranquilizers:

"Phenazepam";
Sibazon;
"Nozepam";
Rudotel;
Elenium.

Additional measures for recovery from injury

A speedy recovery is facilitated by taking multivitamins and tonics, such as Eleutherococcus or ginseng root.

It is also important to take additional therapeutic measures aimed at normalizing vascular and metabolic disorders... It helps speed up the recovery process brain activity and warn possible development post-concussion syndrome.

Effective drugs are neurometabolic stimulants (Aminalon, Picamilon, Encephabol, Nootropil) and vasotropes (Stugeron, Cavinton, Sermion, Theonicol). But also doctors often prescribe the drug "Gliatilin". V different options treatment can be assigned to "Cavinton" 1 table. (5 mg) three times a day and Nootropil, 2 capsules (0.7 mg) once a day, or one tablet of Stugeron (25 mg) and Encephabol (0.1 mg). The duration of the course of treatment is 1-2 months.

To eliminate asthenic syndrome, a reception may be prescribed the following medications: "Cogitum" 20 mg once a day, "Pantogam" 0.5 mg three times a day, "Vasobral" 2 ml twice a day and a choice of one of the multivitamin preparations, such as "Unicap-T", "Centrum "And" Vitrum ", once a day.

When elderly people receive a traumatic brain injury, it is imperative to supplement treatment with anti-sclerosis agents. In addition, it is important to pay due attention to the prevention of other diseases that can develop as a result of a concussion.

If the patient has epileptic seizures, you may need to take anticonvulsants.

To prevent possible dangerous consequences, it is required to periodically visit a doctor within a year after the treatment.

Rehabilitation

To enhance the effect of drugs and exclude possible complications in the post-traumatic period, the patient must observe the following recommendations:

If the prescribed therapy is ignored and the post-traumatic regime is not adhered to, the risk of such dangerous consequences, such as asthenia, emotional-behavioral and cognitive impairments, vegetative dystonia... People who abuse alcohol can develop epilepsy.

A mild concussion is a traumatic brain injury that causes short term changes in the functioning of this body. Pathological condition occurs as a result of blows and bruises. The initial symptoms are almost invisible, but a mild concussion may later cause severe consequences in the form of headaches or Parkinson's disease. Timely correct help and the exact implementation of the doctor's prescriptions will avoid unnecessary complications.

What is a concussion

Closed lung Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a concussion of the brain (lat.commocio cerebri). At the same time, the brain does not work significant violations, the symptoms are fleeting. Such concussions account for 70 to 90% of all cases of TBI. It is difficult to make a diagnosis, so the disease often goes unnoticed.

Approximately one third of patients receive a concussion in the state alcoholic intoxication, the victims are unable to understand what happened in time and seek help after a long time. In this case, errors in the diagnosis can reach 50%. With a concussion, no macrostructural changes occur, and the integrity of the tissues does not change. Violation of interneuronal interaction is of a short-term nature, tissue damage is diffuse in nature.

Causes

Concussion is a consequence of mechanical impact: indirect (acceleration injury, inertial), direct (shock head injury). As a result, the mass of the brain is displaced relative to the axis of the body and the cranial cavity, the synaptic apparatus is damaged, and tissue fluid is redistributed. Among frequent reasons head injury:

Road accident (road traffic accidents);
criminal cases;
injuries at home, at work,
playing sports.

Signs of a concussion

Symptoms depend on the severity of the injury. The pathological condition is divided into degrees:

First: clouding of the state, confusion of speech without loss of memory.
Second: amnesia is acceptable, but without fainting.
Third: the patient loses consciousness.

Concussion is treated as light form TBI. The pathological condition has 3 stages:

Acute period... Lasts from the moment of injury until the condition stabilizes, on average about two weeks. At this time, metabolic processes in damaged tissues are faster, autoimmune reactions are triggered in relation to companion cells and neurons.
Intermediate. It lasts from the moment of stabilization of the disturbed brain functions to their normalization, the duration is about two months. In the intermediate period, homeostasis is restored, the formation of other pathological conditions is possible.
Remote (residual) period. The patient is recovering (it is possible that the neurological diseases, duration: 1.5–2.5 years. The well-being of the period is individual, determined by the capabilities of the central nervous system (central nervous system), the presence of neurological pathology before TBI, features of the immune system.

In an adult

The main symptom of a concussion in an adult is a disorder of consciousness at the time of the injury. Immediately after the incident, the following may still be observed:

partial or complete amnesia;
headache; dizziness;
ringing, tinnitus;
vomiting, bouts of nausea;
oculostatic phenomenon of Gurevich (with certain movements eyeballs static is broken);
insomnia;
weakness;
dystonia of the vessels of the face (pallor turning into hyperemia);
excessive sweating;
neurological manifestations: asymmetry of the corners of the mouth, quickly passing, dilation or narrowing of the pupils;
nystagmus (oscillatory eye movements);
unsteadiness of gait;
poor facial expressions.

Amnesia is common after injury and concussion. Loss of memories differs in terms of time of occurrence:

Retrograde: the circumstances and events that occurred before the injury are forgotten.
Congradnaya: the patient's memory disappears from the memory of the length of time corresponding to the injury.
Anterograde: there is a loss of memories of events that occurred after the injury.

In children

Clinical picture in children, rapid, signs of concussion are more indicative. The pathological condition has symptoms due to the compensatory capabilities of the central nervous system, incomplete calcification of the sutures, elasticity of the elements of the skull. The ailment in older children often proceeds without loss of consciousness, there are vegetative symptoms: the color changes skin, tachycardia occurs. The pain is localized at the site of injury. The acute period is shortened (has a duration of 10 days). Observed following symptoms:

temperature increase;
cold sweat;
pallor of the face;
loud crying, after the child falls asleep.

In babies, due to slight differentiation of the central nervous system, there may be no symptoms.... In children from 2 years of age, ringing in the ears, short-term blindness are possible. For babies 2-5 years old, the following symptoms are characteristic:

bouts of vomiting, nausea, desire to constantly drink;
impaired coordination;
temperature rise, the child begins to sweat:
nystagmus;
lack of facial expressions;
lethargy, lethargy.

Complications

Post-concussion syndrome- a frequently diagnosed consequence of a concussion. The condition develops against the background of a previous TBI, accompanied by drowsiness, headache, attacks of dizziness, numbness of the extremities, paresthesia, memory loss, increased sensitivity to noise and light. Possible following complications after traumatic brain injury:

somatoform autonomic dysfunction;
asthenic syndrome;
memory problems;
emotional instability, behavioral disorders;
insomnia.

Diagnostics

The circumstances of the injury must be taken into account when making a diagnosis. Brain injury often resolves without objective signs... In the first hours after the incident, the doctor may notice loss of consciousness, nystagmus, unsteadiness of gait, double vision. With a concussion, there are no bone fractures, there are no deviations in the pressure and composition of the cerebrospinal fluid, with ultrasound examination extensions and displacements are not detected middle structures brain, computed tomography will not detect traumatic abnormalities.

Diagnosis of concussion is difficult due to the paucity of objective data. Basic diagnostic criterion- regression of symptoms within a week. Often the following instrumental research:

X-ray (will show the absence of fractures);
electroencephalography (the doctor will notice diffuse changes bioelectric activity brain);
computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (will show if there are changes in the density of white and gray matter).

Treatment for concussion

Patients with suspected TBI must be hospitalized, in the hospital they are under observation for about two weeks (the period depends on the severity of the injury). Inpatient treatment is compulsory for victims if:

fainting lasted more than 10 minutes;
there is neurological focal symptoms that complicate the pathological condition;
the patient denies the fact of loss of consciousness;
convulsive syndrome;
suspicion of a fracture of the skull, fracture of the base of the skull, penetrating injury;
confusion is observed for a long time.

When the initial degree is shaken, the victim is sent for treatment at home, having previously examined him. The pathological condition is detected using CT or X-ray. The therapist may order an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), ultrasound examination, examination by an ophthalmologist or neurosurgeon.

Home treatment after a concussion, it involves a medication course lasting 2-3 weeks. The patient needs the following conditions:

dim lighting;
bed rest;
peace;
refusal to watch TV, computer games listening to loud music;
lack of physical exertion, overexertion (mental, emotional);
a balanced diet, with the exception of foods that provoke pressure surges (caffeine, spices, fatty foods, sweets, alcohol).

If you follow the doctor's recommendations, the patient will feel an improvement on the second day. A week later pathological symptoms must pass. After the course of treatment, it is better for the patient to refrain from exertion, lifting weights for some time, and to be more in nature. Rest and a sparing attitude towards oneself will help prevent the development of complications such as dizziness, migraines, and disturbances in the work of blood vessels.

First aid

If there is a suspicion of a concussion, and consciousness quickly returned to the victim, he should be placed in a prone position with his head slightly raised. If a person does not come to his senses, then he must be placed in a saving position:

place on the right side;
tilt the head back so that the face is directed towards the surface;
bend the left arm and leg at a right angle, provided that there are no fractures of the spine and extremities.

First aid for a concussion will save the victim from serious consequences. In this position, air easily passes into the lungs, and any liquid that accumulates in the mouth, be it saliva, blood or vomit, flows out. In this situation, the possibility of a tongue sinking is excluded. Obvious wounds should be treated immediately. Then the victim is taken to the hospital on duty to clarify the diagnosis. Bed rest is recommended for three days.

Drug therapy

Treatment with medications for concussion is rarely required and is symptomatic. Pharmacotherapy is aimed at normalizing brain functions, relieving migraines, dizziness, getting rid of insomnia, nervousness. In case of concussion, the following groups of drugs are prescribed:

improving blood flow of blood vessels of the brain (Cinnarizine);
analgesics (Pentalgin, Analgin, Sedalgin, Dexalgin, Maxigan);
nootropics (Pyridol, Piracetam, Glycine, Nootropil);
sedatives, antidepressants (motherwort, valerian, Corvalol, Valocordin, Afobazol, Sibazon, Grandoxin, Phenazepam);
improving metabolic processes in the brain (Instenon, Nicotinat);
normalizing the work of blood vessels (Cavinton, Sermion, Instenon);
relieving dizziness (Cinnarizin, Tanakan, Platyphyllin with Papaverine);
sleeping pills (Relaxon, Donarmil);
fortifying agents (vitamins, tonics, antioxidants).

Metabolic and vascular therapy promotes rapid recovery of brain function after a concussion. Doctors recommend combining vascular with nootropics. Among the possible combinations: taking Cavinton 1 tablet and Nootropil 2 capsules or 1 tablet of Stugeron and Noopept three times a day for two months. Neuroprotective agents provide metabolic support to the brain.

The course of therapy should include drugs containing magnesium (Magnelis, Magne B6, Panangin), and antioxidants (some are intended for intravenous injection): Mildronate 1 tablet 3 times a day, Cytoflavin 2 tablets 2 times a day. To overcome asthenic phenomena that occur after a concussion, they are prescribed: Phenotropil (0.1 in the morning), Vasobral (2 ml twice a day), Kogitum (20 ml per day), vitamins (Centrum, Vitrum).

Home remedies for concussion treatment

At home, treatment of concussion in an adult includes adherence to bed rest for about 2-3 weeks (for a child - about a month) and taking medication, but neglecting prescriptions traditional medicine also not worth it. To restore health after a concussion, plants such as St. John's wort, burrow, aloe vera, cinquefoil, ginseng and eleutherococcus are used. Most popular recipes:

Insist 1 tbsp for 21 days. aralia herbs in 100 ml medical alcohol... Take 30 drops twice a day (in the morning and before lunch).
Prepare thyme infusion: 10 g of herb per 400 ml hot water, keep on fire, but do not boil, strain, take half a glass before meals.
Arnica flowers (20 g) are mixed with crushed myrtle leaves (10 g). Pour the mixture with 200 ml of boiling water, leave in a thermos for several hours. Strain, take 10 ml before meals.

Forecast

After a concussion, it is recommended to see a neurologist for at least a year. Such an injury is not fatal, and the manifestations of symptoms disappear within a month. Compliance with the regime and the elimination of factors that can aggravate the consequences are guarantors full recovery work capacity. In some cases, after the disappearance of symptoms, the victims may experience headache, sleep disturbances, increased fatigue and irritability towards light and sounds. After three months, these manifestations disappear.

Video

Of all the ailments, head diseases are the most dangerous. Most skull injuries result in concussion. It will not go away by itself and you must definitely contact a specialist: a neurologist, traumatologist, neurosurgeon.

After the examination, he prescribes injections or pills for concussion. Since this diagnosis is serious, then the treatment must be carried out responsibly.

V different situations a person can get injured: ice, car accident, loss of consciousness followed by a fall, domestic injuries, hazardous production, drug or alcohol intoxication.

The brain consists of soft tissues and, with a sharp impact, shifts towards the push, and then a return movement is created. As a result, the brain can be damaged from contact first with one side of the skull, then with the opposite. In the process of displacement, rupture of blood vessels, hematoma, hemorrhage, edema and similar troubles can occur.

Even with a minor injury, you should check with a doctor and guarantee yourself a healthy future. Unfortunately, due to vomiting, it is not always possible to give a person pills with a concussion.

Symptoms and stages

It's easy to overlook the symptoms. Especially if the patient has mild degree concussion. But careful attention to own health will help to determine the ailment in time and take action. The main symptoms are the same for everyone and continue for some time after the patient began to use the medicine for concussion. Here are the main symptoms:

dizziness;
vomit;
disorientation in space and time;
decreased brain activity;
negative reaction to harsh light;
headache, often throbbing;
pallor;
loss of consciousness (fainting);
amnesia;
flies, ripples in front of the eyes;
high body temperature;
feeling of fear, panic.

Three stages of concussion can be distinguished depending on the force of the blow, the age and state of health of the victim. Based on the degree of damage, different treatments are prescribed.

Stage 1

With minor trauma, most often the patient does not lose consciousness, but if this happens, then fainting lasts no longer than 5 minutes. Such people have dizziness, blurred vision, pallor. Medical assistance absolutely necessary.

Stage 2

For medium lesions are characterized by loss of consciousness for 10-15 minutes, vomiting, numbness of the fingers, ringing in the ears, and severe headache. You don't have to decide for yourself what medications to take for a concussion. Leave it to the discretion of the doctor - he has knowledge and experience.

Stage 3

With significant trauma, a person vomits, dizzy and loud tinnitus. Fainting can last up to half an hour. The memory cannot reproduce recent events; this is almost a shell shock.

Concussion in children and adults: similarities and differences

In adults and children, the diagnosis and course of the disease, the frequency of injury, are different.

Children

Toddlers cannot explain their feelings. Therefore, parents need to be attentive to the child and his behavior. If he is vomiting, refuses to eat, cries more than usual, there is a deterioration in coordination (for example, the baby has already eaten with a spoon himself, but at some point he could not take it in his hand normally) - this is a reason to consult a doctor.

In addition, babies are more prone to injury, because they are restless, active, but still poorly controlling movements and calculating strength. If the child received a head injury with his parents, there is no need to wait for the onset of symptoms, immediately take the victim to the emergency room.

Adults

More often, adults behave carefully, but no one is immune from injuries. At the first suspicion of a concussion, you should contact a neurologist or an emergency room. It is very harmful to endure pain, drink pills to relieve symptoms when shaking.

Aged people

This category of people is less likely to be injured, but tolerates them worse. After a concussion, the elderly may develop dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and amnesia. Therefore, treatment for concussion in grandparents includes anti-sclerotic drugs. The dosage is calculated taking into account the age, weight and condition of the patient.

First aid to the victim

If a person has a head injury on the street, only a doctor can prescribe medication for a concussion. Therefore, it is necessary to provide first aid, but not to aggravate the situation. Here's a list of things to do for someone with no medical background.

Lay the patient on his side. Thus, a person will not choke on vomit, and his tongue in an unconscious state will not block the respiratory tract.
If the head injury is open or other significant injuries are visible (broken leg, spine, etc.), do not move the victim of the accident. Just turn the victim's head on its side and monitor his breathing.
Treat the wounds on the head with an antiseptic, and the edges with iodine (if you have a first-aid kit).
Call “ Ambulance”And wait for her arrival. Tell the doctors under what circumstances the injury occurred, how long ago, what medications a person has been taking, whether he is intoxicated, how long has he been unconscious, and the like. Even the smallest details can play a leading role in the choice of prescription drugs and the treatment to choose.

Diagnostics

To get a complete picture, doctors send a patient with suspected concussion to comprehensive examination and only then drugs are prescribed for concussion.

A person undergoes X-rays, computed tomography, less often MRI, since it is not always informative in the case of a concussion in children or adults. It is recommended to consult an ophthalmologist, EEG study, ultrasound.

Drug treatment

For any person, a concussion is an injury in which you will have to receive medication in the form of injections or IVs. In milder stages - take medications orally, in the form of tablets.

Treating a concussion is a lengthy process. It can take 2-4 weeks. During all this time, it is necessary to responsibly approach each prescribed medicine, understand the name, read the instructions and take it correctly. The patient must be hospitalized and receive the main treatment in the hospital under the supervision of specialists. After a concussion at home, you need to adhere to the regimen, rest more and not overexert yourself.

If a patient is diagnosed with a concussion, treatment must be started, the doctor chooses the drugs for each specific case and calculates the dosage. But there is general guidelines and recommendations on which pills to prescribe.

First, you need nootropic drugs with a concussion. They will return health to the brain: Piracetam, Stugeron, Glycine, Nootropil.
To strengthen the vessels, vasotropic agents are prescribed: Instenon, Cavinton, Teonikol.
To reduce puffiness and reduce intracranial pressure diuretics with a diuretic effect are used: Veroshpiron, Diakarb, Uregit.
To reduce headaches and stop vomiting, Papaverine, Belloid, Tanakan are suitable.
To normalize sleep and general condition the patient is prescribed tranquilizers: Phenazepam, Dormiplant, Phenobarbital.
Further medications to prevent seizures and epilepsy. Such drugs are prescribed only if, according to the results of research, the person has a predisposition to epileptic seizures... But for people of age, these drugs are prescribed in any case.
Anti-sclerotic drugs for the elderly.
Vitamins.
Sleeping pills.
Sedatives, sedatives are also required: valerian, Corvalol, motherwort.
Can be assigned separately.

Of course, it is not enough to undergo medication for concussion and forget about the injury.

During treatment and long time after that you need to take care and follow simple rules:

Adequate sleep. The first month after injury - at least 8-10 hours a day.
High quality and varied food.
Eliminate coffee, chocolate, alcohol, nicotine, drugs.
Ventilate the living area.
Exclude reading, watching TV, playing games on your computer or phone, and even listening to music.
Study light physical exercises with the permission of the doctor.
Regularly take the medication prescribed by your doctor for a concussion. Strict adherence to doses and time of administration guarantees quick recovery and no complications.

Despite the long stay in the hospital and taking medications, each person needs to be careful after being discharged. You can not abruptly stop treatment after a concussion. A gentle regimen, adequate rest and sleep are recommendations for every former patient. Try to be careful and tidy at all times. But if an injury occurs, follow the advice of doctors and follow their instructions. Belief in a speedy recovery and patient responsibility - necessary condition for effective treatment.

Our expert - neurologist Elena Yurieva.

This injury is considered mild - not a brain injury, after all! Nevertheless, with a concussion, multiple microshibs, numerous minute perivascular edema and hemorrhages occur, and functions are impaired. nerve cells the brain, their nutrition deteriorates. And sometimes all this can turn into near and distant complications: increased intracranial pressure, severe headaches, decreased visual acuity.

What are we complaining about?

The most "typical" symptoms of a concussion are headache, vomiting (single or repeated), dizziness, and short-term loss of consciousness may also occur. And if nothing of the kind? We were engaged in the renovation of the apartment, overturned the stepladder, hit our head, but it seems that everything worked out. Should I be worried? It is worth it if, after a few hours, you feel weak or lethargic (you should not attribute this to fatigue), sweating appears or you are annoyed by the turned on TV, bright light, you cannot fall asleep. Do not disregard even the smallest "deviations from the norm". It is better to play it safe a hundred times and see a doctor after an injury than to make a mistake once and then disentangle the consequences for a long time.

Better not to postpone

The ideal option after a head injury is to get to the clinic or trauma center and have an X-ray taken to find out if there is any damage to the bones of the skull. In case of obvious symptoms of a concussion, you must immediately call an ambulance. Before she arrives, you must go to bed. Better - on a low pillow, especially if the victim has been vomiting after the injury.

Apply a cold compress to the area you hit as quickly as possible: use bags of frozen food from the refrigerator wrapped in a thin towel. In no case should you take painkillers or any other medications before being examined by a doctor: this can "mask" the growing symptoms of deterioration.

To be treated? Necessarily!

After a concussion (even in the most mild) you must take the course rehabilitation treatment... It is selected by the doctor specifically depending on the severity of the injury.

Even with a mild concussion, bed rest is required for 2-3 days. The best medicine in the early days - sleep. You can take soft: drugs for plant based with valerian, motherwort. In the room, you need to draw the curtains on the windows or lower the blinds, do not turn on the bright light in the evening, but use a night light. For a few days, even if you feel quite well, TV, computer, reading is prohibited.

One of the consequences of such an injury is the occurrence of edema. To prevent them, the doctor may prescribe a mild diuretic with the intake of potassium preparations to prevent its loss by the body with the exiting fluid. In general, you need to try to drink less, strong tea, coffee and other tonic drinks are categorically excluded, the best way - mineral water... A dairy-plant diet is preferred. Bananas, citrus fruits, walnuts are very useful.

Even after a mild concussion, you will have to forget about household chores and any physical activity, do not rush to get behind the wheel.

If the injury turned out to be moderate or severe and you were admitted to the hospital, the doctor, of course, will give specific recommendations after discharge, but do not forget that during the year you must be registered with a neurologist.