Sweating is the secretion of fluid by the sweat glands, the main means of thermoregulation and water-salt metabolism, an important physiological process in organism.
Each person's sweat has its own unique odor that does not cause discomfort those around.
In some cases, the aroma of this thermoregulatory product becomes a problem for the wearer. For example, a woman may experience discomfort when she notices that her skin smells like onions.
It can smell unpleasant from certain parts of the body (arms, face, palms, armpits). Such a discovery is likely to cause self-doubt, especially in women.
This means that it is necessary to find out the causes that explain the onion smell of sweat, and eliminate them.
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Topic: I got rid of hyperhidrosis!
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Christina
Moscow city
I have recovered from excessive sweating. I tried powders, Formagel, Teymurov's ointment - nothing helped.
Sweat consists of 98-99% water, the remaining 1-2% are microelements in different proportions: nitrogen compounds, amino acids, hormones, glucose and many others. Sweat itself does not smell.
The products of processing of these substances by bacteria living on human skin have a specific smell.
Therefore, the main factors responsible for a particular smell are:
- qualitative composition (percentage of one or another substance) of sweat;
- sweating intensity;
- the number and types of bacteria that colonize the skin.
Indicators vary depending on the characteristics of the diet, lifestyle, cleanliness, health status.
Variants of odors inherent in sweat range from a light sweetish aroma to the unpleasant amber of acetone or onion.
Consider the main causes of onion smell from sweat.
The most obvious reason that the skin of the hands, face, armpits smells unpleasantly of onions is overuse eating this vegetable.
It is quite natural that the daily content in the diet a large number onions will provoke the appearance of a persistent onion odor from the body.
Scientists have established interesting fact: onion aroma from the body of a woman is physiological.
Women's sweat smells like onions because it contains a lot of sulfur. By itself, in the composition of sweat secretions, it has no smell, but the products of sulfur processing by bacteria from the surface of the skin have a pronounced onion tint.
Other substances predominate in the sweat of men. Their products of interaction with microorganisms smell like elite cheese.
This common occurrence absolutely healthy people, it shouldn't be a cause for concern.
We owe the smell of onion from the skin to the products of bacterial processing of sulfur in the composition of sweat.
The more sweat, the stronger the onion stink will be felt, especially.
Neglecting the rules of hygiene entails the growth of colonies of microorganisms, which will inevitably lead to the appearance of a strong odor.
Any situation that provokes sweating, whether it be warming procedures, will cause an increase in the smell of onions from the body.
It is worth noting the interdependence of cause and effect: a person, realizing that his body smells bad, experiences stress. Experiences, in turn, again start the process of increased sweating.
Excessive intake of vitamin C leads to prolonged accumulation in the body.
Above a certain concentration threshold, excess vitamin C is excreted through the pores of the skin. This leads to the fact that the body smells specific.
Foul-smelling skin appeals to a person or his relatives with reasonable concern. Trying to figure out the reasons, how and why this happens is the first step in getting rid of the unpleasant sensation.
For effective treatment sweating at home experts advise Dry Control. This unique remedy:
- Normalizes the psycho-emotional state
- Stabilizes perspiration
- Completely suppresses odor
- Eliminates the causes increased sweating
- Suitable for adults and children
- Has no contraindications
Most often, onion-smelling body skin is a variant of the norm, and not a symptom of the disease.
A sharp increase in bad smell, increased sweating, a sudden change in the aroma of sweat.
The most common pathologies accompanied by the smell of onions from the skin:
- endocrine (for example, diseases);
- cardiovascular diseases;
- stress conditions that provoke an increase in hormone production;
- violations of the organs (gastritis, peptic ulcer);
- infectious diseases (tuberculosis);
- oncological diseases;
- primary ;
- salt poisoning heavy metals and other chemical elements.
In each case, a doctor of one of the specialties will help to understand the causes of the appearance of an unpleasant odor:
- the endocrinologist will confirm or refute the connection between the onion smell and disorders hormonal background or thyroid function;
- the psychologist will determine whether stress or nervous tension is the cause of anxiety;
- the oncologist must exclude the development of oncological processes, since excessive sweating is one of specific symptoms tumors;
- infectious disease specialist, phthisiatrician will appoint necessary examinations to detect tuberculosis or other infectious diseases.
One more important point in identifying the cause of an unpleasant odor from the skin - analysis.
There are a number of products that are undesirable for consumption in terms of their effect on the sweating process:
- caffeine (chocolate, soft drinks, etc.);
- spicy and spicy food;
- very hot or very cold food;
- butter, lard, margarine and other saturated fats;
- citrus and sour foods(pickles, marinades);
- egg yolk.
To say goodbye to annoying amber, it is enough to follow a number of simple rules.
If a person often throws into a cold sweat, you should listen to your body and pay attention to concomitant symptoms. If any are present and they are uncharacteristic for a person, it is worth making an appointment with a doctor and finding out why it makes you sweat so often. Sometimes such a sign is a natural physiological reaction of the body, but it happens that cold, profuse sweat indicates a dangerous internal disease.
Causes of cold sweat and associated symptoms
All people sweat from time to time, this is not considered a violation and is a physiological reaction of the body to overheating. Perspiration appears on the body to cool and return the state to the usual, normal temperature, but when cold and clammy sweat regularly appears for no reason, it can be a symptom of a serious illness. The reasons for the violation are as follows:
- Infection with an infectious viral pathogen. If pathogenic pathogens are present in the human body, in addition to sweating, the body temperature rises, the fever worries or it becomes cold, there is nausea, dizziness, trembling in the body.
- Hormonal disorders. Basically, this pathology is observed in women than in men. Hormonal imbalances may be associated with dysfunction endocrine system, the onset of the climacteric phase or pregnancy.
- Work problems of cardio-vascular system. If adults have high blood pressure and have heart problems, the body experiences stress, which results in weakness, cold, wet sweat appears on the body. With this dysfunction, cold sweat at night is especially disturbing. Perspiration appears on the forehead, chest, neck, back.
- Migraine. During such a state, the sharp, unbearable pain in the head, accompanied by bouts of nausea and vomiting. With severe headaches in the body is fixed high level adrenaline, which is a provocateur of excessive sweating.
- Vegetative-vascular dystonia. With stress and panic attacks there is an increase in body temperature, dizziness, trembling throughout the body. Common sweaty areas are the back, arms, neck and chest.
Other causes of cold sweat in men and women
When is it dangerous and should you go to the doctor?
If, in addition to increased sweating, there is weight loss, you should consult a doctor. Sweating is not pathological condition and worries everyone from time to time. But if there are concomitant, uncharacteristic symptoms, it is necessary to visit a doctor. A person should be alerted by such signs:
- Throws into sweat not only in the heat, but even when it is normal or cold outside or indoors.
- Often breaks into a cold sweat during sleep or morning time while temperatures are above normal.
- In addition to cold and profuse sweat, there is:
- worsening general well-being and weakness;
- weight loss and lack of appetite;
- dry mouth and increased urination;
- subfebrile body temperature;
- increased blood pressure and irregular heart rate.
In children, attacks of cold sweat are not the norm. So, a child with such a problem should be urgently taken to the doctor. Self-medication is dangerous.
Diagnostic procedures
To find out why a person is thrown into a cold sweat and make the correct diagnosis, it is necessary to undergo a series of diagnostic studies:
- general clinical and biochemical analysis blood;
- analyzes stool and urine;
- biopsy;
- blood test for the presence of tumor markers;
- ultrasound diagnostics;
- radiography;
- electrocardiographic study;
- magnetic resonance or computed tomography.
Methods of treatment
Even the most elementary general analysis blood tells about changes in the body. Depending on the cause of cold sweating and the diagnosis, the therapy will prescribe:
- cardiologist;
- endocrinologist;
- neuropathologist;
- oncologist;
- infectious disease specialist;
- gastroenterologist and others.
The doctor will prescribe a treatment regimen that must be followed in strict order. When the root cause is eliminated, the sweating will go away without special treatment. For the period of therapy, it is recommended to use antiperspirant deodorants that will regulate perspiration. When buying, you should pay attention to the composition of the hygiene product. Aluminum should not be included in the list of ingredients, it is unsafe for human health and can cause serious violations. If perspiration is separate pathology the doctor will prescribe specific treatment, which will be aimed primarily at getting rid of sweating. If conservative therapy does not give an effect, the doctor will offer the patient Botox injections, they will temporarily relieve the problem.
An emoticon is a set of symbols, or an icon, that is a visual representation of a facial expression or body position to convey a mood, attitude, or emotion, originally used in messages. Email and text messages. The most famous is the smiling face emoticon, i.e. smile - :-) .
There is no clear and reliable evidence about who invented the smiley face. Of course, one can point to ancient excavations, finds of various inscriptions on rocks, etc., but these will only be guesses of each of us.
Of course, to say for sure that the smiley is a modern invention is a bit wrong. The use of emoticons can be traced back to the 19th century. Examples of their use can be found in an 1881 copy of the American magazine Puck, see example:
Yes, there are a lot of such examples in history, but it is generally accepted that the researcher at Carnegie Mellon University, Scott Fahlman, was responsible for the first digital form of the smiley. He suggested distinguishing serious messages from non-serious messages by using emoticons :-) and :-(. It was already September 19, 1982. This is especially useful when the mood of your message can be misinterpreted.
YES, BUT YOU NEVER COME ON TIME, ANYWAY.
YES, BUT YOU NEVER COME ON TIME, ANYWAY. ;-)
However, emoticons did not become so popular, but revealed their potential after 14 years, thanks to a Frenchman who lived in London - Nicolas Laufrani. The idea arose even earlier, with Nicolas' father, Franklin Laufrani. It was he who, being a journalist in the French newspaper France Soir, published an article on January 1, 1972, under the heading "Take time to smile!", where he used emoticons to highlight his article. Later, he patented it as a trademark and created the production of some goods using a smiley. Then a company was created under the brand name smiley, where Father Franklin Laufrani became president, and CEO son of Nicolas Laufrani.
It was Nicolas who noticed the popularity of ASCII emoticons, which were very used on mobile phones, and began the development of directly animated emoticons that would correspond to ASCII emoticons consisting of simple characters, i.e. what we now use and are accustomed to call - smiley. He created a catalog of emoticons, which he divided into categories "Emotions", "Holidays", "Food", etc. And in 1997, this catalog was registered with the US Copyright Office.
Around the same time in Japan, Shigetaka Kurita began designing emoticons for I-mode. But unfortunately, widespread use this project, it didn't happen. Maybe because in 2001 Laufrani's creation was licensed by Samsung, Nokia, Motorola, and other manufacturers mobile phones, who later began to offer them to their users. After that, the world was simply flooded with various interpretations of emoticons and emoticons.
The following variations with smilies and emoticons became the appearance stickers in 2011. They were created by the leading Internet company from Korea - Naver. The company has developed a messaging platform called - line. A similar messaging app like WhatsApp. LINE was developed within months of the 2011 Japanese tsunami. Initially, LIne was created in order to find friends and relatives during and after natural Disasters and in the first year, the number of users grew to 50 million. After, with the publication of games and stickers, there were already more than 400 million, which later became one of the most popular applications in Japan, in particular among teenagers.
Emoticons, emoticons and stickers today, more than 30 years later, they definitely began to take a place in everyday conversations and correspondence of people. According to studies conducted in the US, it was found that 74 percent of people in the US regularly use stickers, emoticons in their online communications, sending an average of 96 emoticons or stickers per day. The reason for this explosion of use emoji is that creative characters designed by various companies help to express our feelings, help to add humor, sadness, happiness, etc.
Emoticons in the tables will be gradually replenished, so go to the site and look for the meaning of the desired emoticons.
Appearance sudden attacks cold sweat may indicate the presence serious illnesses, which may include dangerous infectious infections. But infectious diseases are not the only reason why a person is constantly thrown into heat and sweat. In infants and adolescents, these same symptoms may be caused by separate group age reasons. Medical assistance in the treatment of attacks of cold sweat should be directed as to the elimination unpleasant symptoms as well as the reasons that caused them.
Causes of chilly sweat
Everyone knows that due to sweating, the body cools down during emotional stress or stress, with an increase in temperature or after heavy physical exertion. But sometimes cold perspiration signals serious problems oh health. It is very important to identify the true cause of sweat in order to eliminate this problem in a timely manner. Doctors associate the regular appearance of cold perspiration with the following diseases and conditions:
- Bacterial and viral infections (tuberculosis, mononucleosis, influenza and others). Trembling and cold sweat are often accompanied by a significant increase in temperature, dizziness and nausea.
- Migraine- the disease is characterized by a strong headache, weakness and nausea. During an attack, adrenaline is released into the blood, provoking increased sweating.
- Diabetes- a sudden release of insulin is accompanied by a sharp decrease in the concentration of sugar in the blood, which is accompanied by hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating).
- Stroke or heart attack And a sharp decline pressure.
- withdrawal syndrome. Cold sweat, dizziness and nausea appear in addicted men and women when they stop using alcohol or drugs. You may sweat so much that you have to change bedding and underwear at night.
- Medicines. Fever medications, antidepressants, and insulin cause excessive sweating.
- stressful situations. The so-called “stress hormones” enter the blood plasma, so sticky sweat instantly appears on the body.
- Vegetative-vascular dystonia. Dizziness, weakness, chilling sweat and nausea can signal vascular problems.
- Cervical osteochondrosis. Complaints of weakness in the legs, dizziness, increased secretion of sticky cold sweat.
It is very important to identify the causes as soon as possible. excessive sweating to understand if there is a need for a medical consultation.
Causes of cold sweat at night in men
Increased sweating during sleep in men can occur for the following reasons:
- Low blood pressure, disorders of the heart or blood vessels, blood loss.
- Excessive drinking. Alcohol often causes copious excretion sweat in men during sleep, especially in the state hangover syndrome. But even if a man uses alcoholic drinks in moderation ethanol renders Negative influence on the processes of thermoregulation of the body, causing chills, or, conversely, increased sweat production.
- Headaches. If a man suffers from a regular migraine, a large amount of adrenaline is constantly released into his blood, which causes increased sweat production. Causes of headaches can be various diseases- ranging from the common cold to severe systemic diseases.
- Idiopathic hyperhidrosis. This is a pathology that is accompanied by increased sweating in men for no particular reason. In other words, sweat is intensively produced by itself, regardless of the presence of any diseases. This phenomenon is often observed after strong emotional overload, stress, conflicts at work or in personal life. In the future, sweating itself can cause feelings in a person - constantly wet and cold palms interfere normal life and work.
- Hormonal disruptions. A similar problem often occurs in men in adolescence or in violation of sexual function.
Causes of cold sweat during sleep in women
The female body has its own characteristics. The causes of excessive sweating during sleep in women are most often physiological in nature, for example:
- Certain periods menstrual cycle . Sweating during sleep increases before the onset of menstruation, 2-3 days before menstruation. This is explained by the fact that during this period in women the amount of estrogen in the blood rises sharply, fatigue and weakness appear, the body at night begins to react in its own way to the slightest load that the woman endured during the day.
- Pregnancy. During childbearing, women often sweat in their sleep, especially during the first trimester of pregnancy. During this period, there are tremendous changes in the body of women. This phenomenon is completely normal and should not cause concern. If the sweating is too plentiful and interferes with sleep, you can consult a doctor.
- Pre-menopausal age. On the eve of menopause female body hormonal changes occur, due to which “hot flashes” occur - unexpected and causeless sweating, often during sleep. In that life span women usually experience strong excitement, are prone to stress, which enhances the release of sweat.
Increased sweating in women during sleep can also occur with some diseases:
- disruption of the endocrine system - for example, hyperthyroidism;
- colds, accompanied by an increase in body temperature;
- systemic diseases connective tissue- rheumatism, arthritis and others;
- long-term use of certain medications - antipyretics, phenothiazines, drugs that lower blood pressure;
- body intoxication.
Night cold sweat in women can also occur in the presence of diseases such as granulomatosis, pneumonia, and even cancer. Sometimes sweating is explained simple reasons- overly warm clothes or heat in the bedroom. Some this problem occurs after eating hot or spicy food. If sweat begins to stand out during sleep for no particular reason, you should definitely consult a doctor.
When to consult a doctor
A doctor's examination is necessary in the following cases:
- breaks into sweat every night;
- often disturbed by unreasonable anxiety, especially women, and in this condition there is increased sweating;
- the presence of the above diseases is assumed;
- throws into a cold sweat after a long stay in the sun or in a room with high air temperature.
Features of treatment
Modern medicine provides enough methods to combat sweating. These include the use of special medicines, antiperspirants, surgical methods and even Botox injections. It all depends on the degree of the disease and the cause of sweating.
The most difficult thing is to correctly diagnose the cause. However, as in the case of physiological and psychological reasons, in practice this is not always possible. If the cause is the medications the person is taking, then avoiding them or replacing them with other medications will eliminate the sweating. The solution to get rid of excessive sweating psychological problem for example, overcoming a phobia can eliminate cold sweats at night due to nightmares, etc.
If cold sweat is a symptom of any disease, a doctor will help you here. Sweating at night is a problem that a dermatologist can address. Should be inspected skin, pass necessary tests. After that, the doctor will prescribe treatment, prescribe drugs and external agents that will help overcome sweating at night.
If cold sweat is observed in the area of the palms and feet, then physiotherapy is used. Electrophoresis procedures are carried out in a clinic or at home, but periodic medical supervision is mandatory. When the diagnosed disease is cured, cold sweat will stop bothering you. The treatment of some diseases is sometimes overwhelming for modern medicine task. It can only eliminate their manifestations, which means that cold sweat will return again.
In addition, in cases where the cause of the manifestation of sweating has not been determined, it is impossible to overcome it. Therefore, sometimes it is required to deal not only with the cause, but also with the effect, that is, hyperhidrosis. For this purpose, there are a lot of various means, ranging from cosmetic (creams, baths, etc.) or folk recipes to special preparations, operations, chemical and other effects on the sweat glands. Note that not all means are equally effective and, moreover, safe. Most of them should be consulted before using. qualified doctor. In such cases, special deodorants are useful, essential oils and special baths.
Medical treatment
To eliminate this negative phenomenon, you should first identify the cause that causes it. Depending on the diagnosis, complex treatment will be prescribed.
- If the cause is an infection, the doctor will prescribe drugs that have a detrimental effect on the detected pathogen.
- If the main disease is migraine, the doctor will prescribe medicines: Ibuprofen , Aspirin or Acitminophen.
- With increased anxiety, stress, the patient will need, among other things, the help of a psychotherapist.
- Women in menopause are prescribed hormonal treatment.
- When treating, in fact, sweating, drugs can be prescribed that reduce active work sweat glands. Use according to indications sedatives.
- Patients are prescribed physiotherapy, including iontophoresis. This procedure consists in the use of galvanic current, which acts on the sweat glands, reducing sweating.
- In some cases, patients are prescribed the injection of certain drugs, such as botulinum toxin. With the help of the procedure, the nerve connections that are responsible for the work of the sweat glands are blocked.
Folk recipes for sweating
You can supplement the main therapy with proven folk remedies from sweating. Sometimes, if the phenomenon is not very pronounced, it is not associated with internal diseases, they can be very effective independent treatments. Here are some recipes:
- Prepare an infusion of medicinal plants string, sage or chamomile: pour 4-5 tbsp. l. one of the herbs, or a mixture of them. Pour in 2 liters. boiling water. Wrap up, wait for complete cooling. Pour the filtered infusion into the bath while bathing.
- If cold sweat is associated with menopause, prepare this remedy: pour 1 tbsp into a mug. l. dry sage herb, pour a glass of boiling water. Cover with a thick napkin or towel, wait until it cools completely. Drink a third of a glass between meals.
- Pour into a bowl 2 tbsp. l. blueberry leaves. Add 1 tbsp. l. sage herbs, clover leaves, marsh cudweed. Mix everything well. Pour a glass of boiling water 1 tbsp. l. mixture, wrap. When cool, strain. Drink this home remedy before meals, half a glass.
Remember that cold sweat can be the first sign of an incipient disease. Of course, its causes may not always be harmless. That's why you shouldn't ignore this phenomenon especially when it occurs too often.
Cold sweat prevention measures
Sweating is not a sentence, it is treated and very successfully. However, this is very annoying and delicate issue which can be prevented. Several preventive methods will allow you to forget about this phenomenon forever:
- Insofar as heavy sweating can provoke a disturbed metabolism, doctors do not recommend eating fatty and meat foods at night;
- Best done before bed walking tour in the air to enrich the body with oxygen and calm down;
- IN winter time years, it is desirable to ventilate the room more often, especially before going to bed;
- To the choice hygiene products protection against sweating should be taken seriously. If you suffer from allergies, it is better to give preference to hypoallergenic deodorants and antiperspirants;
- Many medications can cause cold sweats, so be sure to check with your doctor before taking any medication.
- Help to relax various techniques meditation. It is advisable to limit mental and physical stress at least for a while.
If a child throws a sweat, you need to contact a pediatrician for comprehensive examination and establishing true reason this state. The pediatrician will recommend to normalize child mode, optimize the diet and properly distribute the amount physical activity. Icy sweat can be the first warning sign of serious health problems. It cannot be ignored, as this can lead to very disastrous consequences. The causes of sweating can be both harmless and very dangerous, so the issue must be taken seriously. If you notice that cold perspiration appears several nights in a row, this is an occasion to consult a specialist.
Such a phenomenon as sticky cold sweat can be observed at any age and is not always fraught with danger. For example, in adolescents, the appearance of perspiration on the forehead is associated with age-related changes organism. Menopausal women also suffer from sweating due to hormonal changes and so on.
But sometimes sticky perspiration can be one of the signs pathological process flowing in the body. This often happens with infectious, viral diseases, heart disease. Therefore, it is better to consult a doctor and get tested.
Who appears, what does cold sweat mean, what to do with it? How to get rid of it? Let's talk on- /website/ about it:
About why why throws in a cold sweat, what are the reasons for this
This unpleasant phenomenon can occur in very different reasons. Some of them are not dangerous. Others indicate the presence of serious health problems. Here are the main causes of cold sweat:
Viral pathologies: SARS, acute respiratory infections, influenza. The cause may be tuberculosis, severe migraine, cardiovascular disease.
All kinds of infectious processes, diabetes, endocrine pathologies, serious metabolic disorders, mental illness.
Hypoxia, food poisoning.
If the presence of cold sweat, sticky perspiration is a regular or even constant phenomenon, one can suspect the presence of cancer problems. In this case, early, accurate, comprehensive diagnosis becomes vital.
May cause sweating in women hormonal changes. This is often seen during pregnancy postpartum period as well as during menopause.
Sometimes even a too emotional reaction to some event can provoke the appearance of perspiration, since any one contributes to the release of a large amount of adrenaline into the blood.
Often, this phenomenon can be caused by taking certain medications, for example: Niacin, Tamoxifen, Nitroglycerin.
About how to treat pharmacy and folk remedies cold sweat what else to do
To eliminate this negative phenomenon, you should first identify the cause that causes it. Depending on the diagnosis, a complex will be prescribed.
If the cause is an infection, the doctor will prescribe drugs that have a detrimental effect on the detected pathogen.
If the main disease is migraine, the doctor will prescribe medications: Ibuprofen, Aspirin or Acitminophen.
With increased anxiety, stress, the patient will need, among other things, the help of a psychotherapist.
Women in menopause are prescribed hormonal.
When treating, in fact, sweating, drugs can be prescribed that reduce the active work of the sweat glands. According to indications, sedatives are used.
Patients are prescribed physiotherapy, including iontophoresis. This procedure consists in the use of galvanic current, which acts on the sweat glands, reducing sweating.
In some cases, patients are prescribed the injection of certain drugs, such as botulinum toxin. With the help of the procedure, the nerve connections that are responsible for the work of the sweat glands are blocked.
Folk recipes from sweating
You can supplement the main therapy with proven folk remedies for sweating. Sometimes, if the phenomenon is not very pronounced, not associated with internal diseases, they can be very effective independent treatments. Here are some recipes:
Prepare an infusion of medicinal plants of succession, sage or chamomile: pour 4-5 tbsp. l. one of the herbs, or a mixture of them. Pour in 2 liters. boiling water. Wrap up, wait for complete cooling. Pour the filtered infusion into the bath while bathing.
If cold sweat is associated with menopause, prepare this remedy: pour 1 tbsp into a mug. l. dry sage herb, pour a glass of boiling water. Cover with a thick napkin or towel, wait until it cools completely. Drink a third of a glass between meals.
Pour into a bowl 2 tbsp. l. blueberry leaves. Add 1 tbsp. l. sage herbs, clover leaves, marsh cudweed. Mix everything well. Pour a glass of boiling water 1 tbsp. l. mixture, wrap. When cool, strain. Drink this home remedy before meals, half a glass.
Remember that cold sweat can be the first sign of an incipient disease. Of course, its causes may not always be harmless. That is why this phenomenon should not be ignored, especially when it occurs too often. Be healthy!
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