Full description: the impact of sedatives on the human body and answers to the main concerns.

Main effect of sedatives on the human body, is the balancing of the processes of excitation and inhibition of the central nervous system.

Sedatives, or as they are called sedatives, increase the duration of action of sleeping pills, painkillers, psychotropic drugs used for various mental disorders. A person falls asleep faster and sleep is deep and long.

Sedatives are weaker in action than sleeping pills and tranquilizers, so they can be used in combination with other drugs. Used to treat neurasthenia and neuroses. Under the influence of these drugs, your nerves and pulse return to normal, the work of the heart and the autonomic nervous system improves (sweating decreases, hand tremor passes), bowel function normalizes. Therefore, sedatives or sedatives are widely prescribed for patients suffering from insomnia, in the initial stage of hypertension, during menopause in women, with diseases of the heart and intestines.

Calming or sedative drugs are made from plant materials, so they are well tolerated by the body, rarely cause allergic reactions. They can be used long time because they do not cause drug dependence. However, you should not take these drugs on your own, you should consult a doctor to clarify the disease for appropriate treatment.

Effective and safe sedatives that are widely used in the population include valerian.

Preparations are made in the form of tinctures, tablets, dry raw materials, from the root, less often from the stem and leaves of the plant.

Medicines from valerian have a calming effect on the nervous system, sound sleep, intestinal function improves, and the effect of sleeping pills increases. Valerian tincture on alcohol has a greater effect than tablets.

Motherwort Herbal Remedies in terms of their effect on the human body, they are similar to those of valerian officinalis, but far exceed it, especially in the treatment of various neuroses and heart diseases.

They are produced on the basis of motherwort grass and are prescribed for neurotic conditions, insomnia, cardiosclerosis, neurasthenia, depressive states, vegetative dystonia, other diseases. Motherwort remedies are effective for intestinal disease, lesions thyroid gland, at inflammatory process intestines, with a problem with menstruation in women. Motherwort is allowed to be used in the form of tea, it normalizes the nervous system well.

It is used not only inside in the form of tinctures, but also externally in the treatment of burn wounds, as it is characterized by anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial actions.

V medical practice they use not only preparations of some medicinal plants separately, but also various preparations (phytopreparations) in the form of infusions, decoctions, dry substances for making teas (nervoflux), various sedative preparations that have a sedative effect. These include, for example, solutions (novo-passit, doppelhertz melissa, etc.) In addition to extracts of medicinal herbs, preparations are also produced, the composition of which contains vitamins, minerals(PASK).

V modern world sleeping pills have become quite familiar drugs in people's lives, especially for residents of megacities. After all, in a world where you have to deal with many problems and stresses every day, it is not surprising that insomnia has become a completely natural thing. When insomnia occurs, many people prefer to take sleeping pills. At the same time, they know absolutely nothing about the effect of sleeping pills.

It should be noted that experts do not recommend starting to take any sleeping pills without consulting a doctor, as this can lead to unpredictable consequences. After all, the use of such drugs can be far from harmless. After the consultation, the doctor shares information with the patient about the effect of sleeping pills on the body and, if necessary, writes out a prescription.

The negative effect of sleeping pills on the body can be avoided. For this, doctors recommend using other more safe methods fight insomnia. Such methods include a warm bath with sedatives before bed, physical exercise, chamomile tea, calm music at night.

Harm of sleeping pills

- Doctors are not in vain advised to stop taking sleeping pills if possible. The fact is that many studies have shown that the constant use of such drugs, in most cases, have a serious effect on the body and, moreover, lead to insomnia. Do not take sleeping pills for more than 2 weeks. Dependence is expressed in the fact that after giving up these drugs, a person begins to experience very serious condition– decrease mental performance, fatigue. In principle, this state of a person can be compared with a hangover.

- Often, the calming effect after sleeping pills lasts even after the awakening of a person - all his reactions are slowed down, so he is not even aware of his lethargy. This condition can be very dangerous in situations where increased attention is needed, such as driving.

– People who abuse sleeping pills may experience hallucinations, seizures and unexplained depression.

- In addition, a sharp refusal of sleeping pills can lead to the fact that insomnia will return back and even greater sleep disturbances will be observed. To avoid such consequences, it is necessary to gradually reduce the dose of such drugs.

- also proven negative influence such medicines and on a person's life expectancy. So, for example, people who take sleeping pills from time to time, life expectancy is 10-15% less than people who do not take such drugs as a matter of principle.

Sleeping pills can lead to the development of mental disorders.

– The consequences of the influence of such drugs on the body of the elderly can be much more serious. So, for example, in old people who use sleeping pills, dizziness and memory loss are very often observed.

– In people who constantly use such medications, there is increased motor activity during sleep.

- Also often the consequence of sleeping pills is difficulty urinating or urinary retention.

- After frequent use of such drugs, a person develops dry mouth.

Most of these drugs are sold without a prescription, that is, they can be purchased by anyone. Such sleeping pills most often contain H1-blockers, which have a calming effect on the body and cause drowsiness. However, it should be noted that there are practically no studies that would prove the effectiveness of H1-blockers. But despite all the above facts, which indicate the negative impact of sleeping pills on the human body, they still continue to be popular.

The most common sleeping pills

– tryptophan- one of the most popular sleeping pills. This drug can be purchased without a doctor's prescription and is used when there is a slight problem with falling asleep. It is generally accepted that tryptophan does not have a strong hypnotic effect, so it does not cause much harm to the body.

– benzodiazepine- This remedy is bought strictly according to the prescription. It is more effective than tryptophan. It is very quickly absorbed into the bloodstream and enters the brain. Its duration is the whole night. It should be noted that if you correctly calculate the dose of Benzodiazepine, then in rare cases it has a strong negative effect on the human body. However, when frequent use this drug is often addictive.

– Tetridin- This drug is considered low-toxic, so it does not significantly affect the human body. Yes, and addiction to tetridine is extremely rare. However, in case of an overdose, side effects such as nausea, headache, weakness.

A quality sleeping pill must meet 3 main requirements:

- Sleeping pills should have such an effect on the body that the interval between going to bed and the moment of falling asleep is reduced as much as possible.

- A good sleeping pill should reduce the frequency and duration of wakefulness during sleep.

Also, after taking sleeping pills, the duration of sleep should increase.

Before you start taking sleeping pills, experts recommend finding out what factors are affecting your sleep. Most often it is stress, anxiety, excitement. In most cases, in order to normalize sleep, you just need to solve the problems that concern a person. Therefore, in the use of sleeping pills, most often there is no great need. But even if there is a need to take sleeping pills, then you should definitely adhere to the minimum dose, and a short course of treatment.

Sedation is the effect of a sedative on the human body. Drugs with this property are used to help people relax and not feel discomfort during certain medical procedures. The effect of a sedative medicine occurs when the patient drinks it with water, inhales it, or receives an injection into a vein.

Why is sedation needed?

There are two reasons for the use of sedatives. Firstly, they help to painlessly survive certain surgical interventions and get rid of anxiety and fear. Secondly, they help to calm the least "obedient" patients, for example, children. They are also used when the patient needs for a long time maintain a stationary body position. Often, sedatives are used in conjunction with pain relievers.

Sedation and anesthesia

The sedative effect is moderate and deep. Moderate sedation occurs as a result of the use local anesthesia, that is, anesthesia of certain parts of the body.

Often, local anesthesia is performed during dental treatment, plastic surgery. At the same time, a person exposed to a sedative drug is able to maintain awareness, hear and understand speech, and respond to touch. The patient is able to control everything vital important features of your body.

Moderate sedation does not last long, but causes a side effect: the patient may feel drowsy. Other side effects are nausea and headache. Sometimes there is momentary loss memory.

For moderately sedated patients, doctors do not recommend signing important documents, driving a car, drinking alcohol, or using technology for 24 hours after the procedure.

Deep sedation results from general anesthesia. At the same time, the reflex reactions of the body, the ability to control breathing and answer questions partially or completely disappear.

After a deep sedation, the patient takes longer to recover, and the risk of complications from anesthesia increases.

What drugs cause sedation?

Sedative drugs are divided into tranquilizers, the purpose of which is to eliminate the anxiety of patients, hypnotics and antipsychotics.

Some tranquilizers in high doses act like sleeping pills, such as benzodiazepines.

With an increase in the dose of a sedative, the sedative effect increases.

Sedative drugs include barbiturates, benzodiazepines, natural remedies, Z-drugs and antihistamines.

Barbiturates include: amobarbital, pentobarbital, seconal, phenobarbital.

Benzodiazepines include: clonazepam, diazepam, estazolam, flunitrazepam, lorazepam, midazolam, nitrazepam, oxazepam, triazolam, temazepam, chlordiazepoxide, alprazolam.

Natural sedative medicines include herbal remedies such as: ashwagandha, duboizia, catnip, kava kava, mandrake, valerian, marijuana.

Z-drugs are zaleplon, zolpidem, zopiclone.

Antihistamines include diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, doxylamine, phenergan, promethazine.

Sources:

Sedation
Conscious (moderate) sedation for adults
Sedatives – What are Sedatives?

Sedatives are called psychotropic drugs that have a calming effect on the central nervous system (CNS) without significant impairment of its functions. These drugs are used in medicine mainly for the treatment of neurotic states.

The drugs of this group are able to reduce the excitability of the central nervous system, have a regulatory effect on it, restoring the balance between the processes of excitation and inhibition, and, if necessary, enhance the processes of inhibition. Sedative drugs have a less pronounced psychosedative effect than tranquilizers, and do not have hypnotic and muscle relaxant properties, and, importantly, do not cause ataxia.

With the systematic use of sedatives for a long time, mental drug dependence does not occur. In the recommended therapeutic doses, sedatives are not able to have a hypnotic effect. But, providing a calming effect on the central nervous system, they can provoke the onset and deepening of sleep.

There are sedative preparations of synthetic and herbal origin. Of the preparations of plant origin, widely used are those based on medicinal plants such as: motherwort, valerian officinalis, lemon balm, middle patrinia (stone valerian), incarnate passionflower, evading peony and tropical plants of the kava-kava pepper family. The pharmacological effects of herbal sedatives are very diverse. For example, valerian officinalis, in addition to a sedative effect associated with a decrease in the excitability of the central nervous system, has antispasmodic properties, improves coronary circulation, regulates the functioning of the heart, and enhances the secretion of glands. gastrointestinal tract and improves bile secretion.

Similar to valerian, motherwort has effects on the body, also having an antihypertensive effect and reducing heart rate. Passiflora and peony have an additional anticonvulsant effect. Melissa has antipruritic, antihypertensive, antispasmodic, and anti-arrhythmia effects. In addition, it provides easy choleretic action favorably contributes to the restoration of intestinal microflora and activation of the secretion of the gastrointestinal tract. Kava kava has an excellent hypnotic, antimicrobial, and analgesic effect.

A sedative effect is also characteristic of some drugs, which are often not considered as drugs that affect the central nervous system. For such drugs, the sedative effect is concomitant with the main pharmacological effects. For example, a pronounced sedative effect is observed when using the diuretic acetazolamide ("Diacarb"), some antihypertensive drugs - clonidine hydrochloride ("Clonidine"), or methyldopa. Some antihistamines, in particular diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Diphenhydramine) and diprazine, have a sedative and in some cases even hypnotic effect.

To achieve the best therapeutic effect, the correct choice of sedatives or the appropriate combination of drugs and the establishment of the most effective dose, which can only be determined by a specialist after a preliminary consultation, is very important.

What is sedation

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Sometimes, when buying certain drugs, you can read in the insert to them that this pharmacy product has a pronounced sedative effect. Oh, those pharmacists and doctors! How difficult it is to understand them, because they are used to expressing themselves in Latin. Sedation - what is it? And we will tell you about this in detail now, and at the same time we will tell you about sedative drugs and when and in what cases their use is indicated. In fact, everything is very easy to decipher, even if you do not know Latin. So…

Sedation - what is it?

In Latin, there is such a word - “sedatio”, which can be translated into Russian as “calm”. The fog is starting to clear, isn't it? Sedative drugs act on a person as a sedative, relaxing, and sometimes hypnotic.

They are distinguished from tranquilizers by a milder effect, the absence of strong side effects, they are usually well tolerated by most people and there is no addiction to them. Today, many people need such medicines. And not only adults, but even children.

When to use sedatives

Sedative drugs, a list of which will be presented in this article, are sold in all pharmacies. But I wonder why they are needed in such quantities, maybe you can somehow do without sedatives? You can, of course, but you don't have to!

There is a well-known expression that states that all diseases come from the nerves. History is silent about who was the first to make this statement, but apparently that person knew exactly what he was talking about. In any case, modern medicine agrees with this statement and does not recommend anyone to be nervous and annoyed for a long time. But people are so arranged that they cannot always cope with their own emotions, and constant nervous tension caused by various stressful situations, together with insomnia, torment modern people in the most ruthless way.

And far from always, light sedatives that are sold in pharmacies without prescriptions can not always help. In some cases, the help of a qualified psychologist or psychotherapist is required, and stronger medicines are required, which the doctor must prescribe.

But if a person is just nervous because of some kind of conflict at work or in the family, from overwork, during exams, etc., then most likely you can do without a doctor and independently purchase certain sedatives, reviews about which inspire him with the greatest optimism and confidence. Especially now there are really a lot of them. Just do not rush to buy the first expensive newfangled product that comes across, which will be advised in the pharmacy. Because often new imported drugs advertised on closer examination turn out to be renamed analogues of cheaper domestic drugs.

Traditional herbal sedatives

Soothing preparations based on herbal ingredients are known to almost everyone. Which of us at least once in our lives has not had a chance to drink the good old valerian! Alcohol tincture of valerian officinalis is available in most home first aid kits just in case of a fire, so to speak.

Sedative drugs based on valerian are produced by the pharmaceutical industry not only in the form of tinctures, but also in tablets. All these are sedatives without prescriptions, which can be successfully used as a mild sedative for various neuroses, stress conditions, insomnia, neurasthenia. It would seem that everything is fine - drink yourself a tincture or pills and calm down. But with valerian, not everything is so simple.

The fact is that in case of an overdose, this drug causes a strong depression of the nervous system, a person begins to feel depressed, drowsiness, performance decreases sharply, etc. So do not think that the more herbal preparation, the better. It is necessary to observe the dosage indicated in the leaflet that is attached to the medicinal product.

The next leader among traditional sedatives is motherwort and soothing preparations from it, also sold in the form of tinctures and tablets. Both have the ability to regulate the state of the nervous system and soothe. These drugs help with neurosis and insomnia. True, some people may have an individual intolerance to motherwort. In this case, it cannot be used. It is also not recommended for pregnant and breastfeeding women.

Combined herbal sedatives

There are herbal sedatives that are relatively new, at least compared to common valerian and motherwort. good effective means considered tablets and solutions for oral administration - "Novopassit" and "Persen", available in tablets and capsules - "Persen-forte". These preparations are combined, i.e., containing several active medicinal components in their composition.

The composition of the drug "Novopassit" includes extracts of hawthorn, hops, St. John's wort, passionflower, lemon balm, black elderberry, valerian and the chemical substance guaifenesin. The composition of "Persen": lemon balm, valerian, peppermint and a number of additional substances: corn starch, magnesium stearate, lactose, talc, glycerol, sucrose, etc.

In pharmacies, you can now buy other herbal combined sedatives without prescriptions, a list of which you can see below:

Soothing drops "Gerbion".
Balm "Muscovy".
Tablets "Dormiplant".
Drops "Carmolis".
Elixir "Klosterfrau Melisana".
Landyshevo-valerian drops.
Solution "Nobrassite".
Syrup "Passifit".
Tablets "Patrimin".
"Fitorelaks" in tablets.

List of sedative drugs based on chemicals

The medicines that will be discussed are available in the pharmacy network for free sale. Most of these preparations (along with the chemical component) also contain plant extracts. Let's take a closer look at these sedative drugs.

1. Drops "Valocordin" - they contain sodium bromide, as well as valerian, belladonna, lily of the valley and menthol.

2. "Valoserdin" - also drops. Ingredients: phenobarbital, ethyl bromisovalerianate, oregano oil, peppermint oil.

3. "Ipronal" - in this sedative drug active substance is a proxybarbal.

4. Drops of "Cardolol" - they include: the substance phenbarbital, peppermint oil, ethyl ester of alpha-bromoisovaleric acid.

5. "Corvalol" - drops. Ingredients: oil peppermint, phenobarbital, ethyl bromisovalerianate.

6. "Lavocordin" - another drops with a sedative effect. In addition to phenobarbital, peppermint oil and ethyl bromisovalerianate, they also contain hop oil.

Other herbal sedatives

A lot has already been said about valerian and motherwort. Now let's talk about other herbal remedies that have a sedative effect on the human body. What are these medicines? These include, for example, peony tincture. It is not as popular as the above drugs, but it works very effectively for insomnia and increased nervous excitability.

Landyshevo-Valerian Drops is another great product from our medical industry. The name speaks for itself - there are two plant components in the medicine: lily of the valley and medicinal valerian. In general, this is a good remedy, but it has a number of contraindications, such as endocarditis, myocarditis, cardiosclerosis, and hypersensitivity. Drops from lily of the valley and valerian can also cause side effects in the form of nausea and vomiting, arrhythmia, diarrhea, headache, decreased attention, myasthenia gravis and allergic reactions. Both peony tincture and lily-of-the-valerian drops are sedatives available without prescription in any pharmacy. Nevertheless, you need to be careful when taking them, carefully read the instructions and start with the smallest doses.

Bromine-containing sedatives

Bromine-based drugs with a sedative effect are widely known. The history of their use has a century and a half. You could say it's a classic. Brominated sedatives are sold without prescriptions. You can read a list of them below:

Drops "Bromenval" (except for sodium bromide, contain valerian, hawthorn, menthol).
Bromcamphor tablets.
Potassium bromide solution (used for children) and tablets.
Lily of the valley-valerian drops with sodium bromide.
Oral solution "Sodium bromide".
Combined preparation, which is a solution, which includes both potassium bromide and sodium bromide.
Tablets "Adonis-bromine".

How do bromides affect the higher nervous activity, was studied in the 19th century by our great compatriot, Academician Pavlov. He and the representatives of his school came to the conclusion that bromine has undoubted sedative properties and is good for irritability and insomnia. But you need to know that too long use of bromine-containing drugs can cause a condition called bromism, which is accompanied by memory impairment, severe lethargy, and sometimes skin itching and rashes.

When a child needs help

Sedatives for children are a special category of medicines. After all, what is recommended for an adult can be simply dangerous for a child. The need to take sedatives for a child may occur in such cases as:

Excessive tearfulness and excitability (in young children).
A difficult adaptation period when the child begins to attend kindergarten or school.
Excessive nervousness during exams.
Tantrums and stressful situations.
Sleep disorders.
Transitional age.

Of course, these are not all reasons, only the most common ones are listed here. Attentive parents will always notice in time that their child needs medical help, and will contact the doctor to prescribe children's sedatives. You should not start giving children medicines from an adult home first aid kit, especially this warning applies to very young children. Good for toddlers homeopathic preparations. A separate chapter is devoted to them in this article.

Side effects and contraindications

It is unlikely that there are drugs in the world that would suit absolutely everyone and do not give any undesirable reactions. Even herbal sedatives have contraindications. Frequent side effects are allergic reactions, and in case of an overdose, for example, alcohol tinctures, there may be dizziness, confusion, etc.

Of course, each drug has its own characteristics, which can be found when buying from a pharmacist in a pharmacy. Women who are waiting for the birth of a baby, nursing mothers should be especially careful. Pregnant women tend to be nervous and worried, so they often need sedatives. But the choice must be very responsible, so as not to harm either yourself or the child.

Sedatives for pregnant women

Glycine is considered to be a safe sedative. It is often prescribed to pregnant women. It should be borne in mind that this drug has a cumulative effect, i.e., in order to feel its effect, you will have to take pills for more than one day. But it has a very mild effect on the body.

In the first trimester of pregnancy, expectant mothers should be especially careful with taking medications. Herbal preparations "Novopassit" and "Persen" are acceptable, but only on the recommendation of a doctor. Tablets of the extract of valerian officinalis and motherwort can be drunk only after the sixteenth week. But the use of tinctures for alcohol is not allowed. In some cases, the doctor may prescribe homeopathic remedies that have a sedative effect. What these drugs are, you can read in the next chapter.

What can homeopathy offer?

Homeopathic remedies are considered absolutely harmless and designed for almost any person. That is why homeopathy is good, that there is no harm from it, and in some cases there is much more benefit than from traditional drugs. All homeopathic remedies pass through without fail full clinical researches so they can be trusted.

Among them are sedatives for children. "Passiflora Edas-11" (Russia) is suitable even for newborn babies; children from the second or third year of life are given Rescue Remedy uvula granules (Russia), Valerianahel drops and Kindinorm granules (Germany); granules "Babysed", "Naughty" of Russian production (for children from 6-7 years old). I just want to warn young mothers that they should not independently prescribe sedatives to irritable or whiny babies and babies, even if they are harmless. For crumbs, any drug therapy should be prescribed by a doctor.

Well, how can homeopathy please adults? Avena Comp, Nevrosed, Calm and many others have a sedative effect.

And what does traditional medicine offer?

Finally, let's talk about mild sedatives, which traditional medicine offers in abundance. All of these recipes can also be used as supplements to the reception. pharmaceutical preparations, and separately in order to get a sedative effect. Here's what the age-old advises folk wisdom from insomnia:

1. Hot foot baths before bed. They well calm the nerves, relieve fatigue and promote early falling asleep and sound sleep.

2. General baths with the addition of coniferous infusions of fir or pine, mint leaves, calendula flowers, oregano, lemon balm and lavender to the water.

3. When poor sleep before going to bed, you can breathe in an infusion of valerian root or smear whiskey with lavender oil.

4. Small pillow (sachet), sewn with my own hands and stuffed with a collection that includes peppermint, geranium, oregano, fern, pine needles, Bay leaf, rose petals and a pinch of valerian roots, placed at the head of the bed, can contribute to falling asleep in the best possible way.

5. Soothing collection of herbs, which has the effect of sleeping pills. To prepare it, you need to take equal parts of hop cones, rosemary, peppermint, lemon balm, St. John's wort and valerian root. Pour one tablespoon of the resulting mixture with a glass of boiling water and let it brew for 15-20 minutes. Then the solution is filtered and drunk in sips throughout the day.

6. Honey water. It is said that this remedy perfectly helps the body to relax and fall asleep. And to prepare such a sleeping pill is very simple: you need to add honey (a tablespoon) to a glass of warm water.

Finally, in order to relieve nervous tension, you can buy various dried herbs that have a sedative effect (melissa, hawthorn, valerian, hops, motherwort), prepare a collection from them, brew it and drink it instead of tea during the day.

To suppress internal anxiety, agitation and irritability, doctors prescribe sedatives. A sedative effect - what is it? Simply put, these are drugs that calm the nervous system. They allow you to overcome neuroses and other disorders that worsen the quality of life and negatively affect your mood.

The actions of such drugs are aimed at stimulating the calm activity of the nervous system, suppressing the excitation of impulses in the brain.

They perform the following functions:

promotes faster falling asleep and normal deep sleep;
reduce anxiety;
regulate the work of the central nervous system;
contribute to the enhancement of the properties of a number of drugs.

For the most part, such drugs do not cause side effects, addiction, do not affect the work internal organs. The advantages of such funds are that they are very well tolerated at almost any age. That is why they are prescribed to calm pregnant women, the elderly.

In what cases are they accepted?

Drugs with a sedative effect are presented in pharmacies in a wide selection. However, it is not always necessary to resort to them. Thus, the nervous system in a healthy person is in a state of equilibrium. Under the influence of negative factors, both external and internal, it is disturbed, which makes a person quick-tempered. As a result, control is lost.

To establish a balance and return to normal again, such drugs are most often prescribed. They not only improve the quality of life of the patient himself, his environment.

Most often, such problems, stresses and neuroses are provoked by various factors, which include:

problems in personal life;
nervous situations at work, study;
insomnia;
overwork.

In most cases, mild sedatives can help - they are sold in pharmacies without prescriptions. But in more difficult situations you can not do without potent drugs that can only be prescribed by a specialist.

Classification of drugs

In addition to the fact that such funds are divided into light and potent, they can also be divided according to the nature of their origin.

According to the classification, they are divided into the following groups of drugs:

bromides, which contain potassium and sodium;
herbal preparations;
combined funds.

If we talk about bromides, then their active substance is the anion of bromine. These drugs are produced in the form of mixtures or solutions, but there are also in the form of tablets. The former are preferable, since taking in this form reduces the irritating effect on the gastrointestinal tract.

The work of such funds is aimed at inhibiting the processes of impulses in the cerebral cortex. It is important to remember that a large intake of sedatives can lead to seizures or even coma. Drugs are excreted within two weeks through the kidneys, a similar time continues and their effect.

Herbal preparations are made on the basis of peony, passionflower, valerian, motherwort. They are aimed at relaxing the body, allowing you to quickly achieve inner peace. Available in the form of tablets, capsules, tinctures.

TO combined preparations include those that contain components of the two above types. The impact on the body of such funds is considered the strongest.

When and how to take bromides, a short list of drugs

Bromides are classified as synthetic sedatives, which are usually prescribed at the initial stage of hypertension, insomnia, and neuroses. One of the indications for use is complex therapy in the treatment of epilepsy.

Such funds are usually used according to one scheme:

inside before meals;
the maximum dosage for a single dose is not more than 1 g;
the maximum number of doses per day is 4 times.

To minimize side effects from taking bromides, you need to rinse your mouth, take a shower or bath more often, and cleanse your intestines. And in order to enhance their effect, it is required to minimize the intake of salt.

The dosage in each case is selected individually, as it depends on the cause. After the initial intake, the result is rarely immediately noticeable - the drug has a cumulative effect, which usually manifests itself after 3 days. The total duration of the course should not exceed three weeks.

Bromides with a potassium compound can be produced in the form of tablets or powder. The liquid form is available for children - you just need to mix the drops with fruit syrup and give to the child. To reduce the irritant effect, reparants are usually additionally prescribed, which stimulate the regeneration of the gastric membrane.

The most famous drugs in this group:

dobrokam, active substance which is bromcamphor. Take after meals as instructed. The course of admission is no more than 15 days.
Adonis bromine with active ingredient: Adonis extract, potassium bromide.

List of herbal sedatives

Such drugs can be compared in their action with simultaneous reception bromides and caffeine.

The main indications for the use of the drug include:

insomnia;
hysteria
neuroses;
arrhythmia.

Also, these drugs have a calming effect, are actively used in the treatment of angina pectoris, hypertension. The dose depends on the problem, the age of the patient. The effect of taking will be noticeable within a few minutes after taking.

The course of use of medicines depends on the plant on the basis of which the medicine is made:

on motherwort: up to 4 doses per day during the day, 50 drops per dose, take the tincture half an hour before meals;
on a peony: the course of treatment is about a month, a single dosage is about 30 drops, drink 3-4 times a day;
on passion flower: take a maximum of 4 times a day.

The most famous drugs include:

Motherwort;
Valerian;
Neuroplant;
Fitosedan.

Combined drugs - what can you take?

To relieve psychomotor agitation, sedatives with a faster effect may be prescribed.

The most famous options:

Side effects of sedatives

Despite the wide distribution and the minimum number of contraindications, such drugs can still lead to side effects.

For this reason, when prescribing such drugs, their use must be taken seriously. It is very important to control your condition, communicate regularly with your doctor to identify side effects in the early stages.

Common side effects include:

drowsiness;
decreased attention;
apathy;
constipation or disorder problems;
dry mouth;
decrease in the speed of mental activity;
headache.

In most cases, taking such funds will not prevent a person from leading a normal life, it will simply help to control, not to experience angry emotions.

Who can prescribe sedatives?

If you feel that you need to start taking sedatives, you should figure out who can prescribe them. So, if we talk about easy remedies, then a pharmacist can sell them, but to prescribe serious drugs, you need to go to either a neurologist or a psychotherapist. The specificity of such specialists is working with patients suffering from nervous disorders, with mental illnesses.

In the event of serious side effects, you should definitely contact your treating specialist who will help you choose the most appropriate remedy.

Z-drugs are zaleplon, zolpidem, zopiclone.

Antihistamines include diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, doxylamine, phenergan, promethazine.

Sources:

Sedation
Conscious (moderate) sedation for adults
Sedatives - What are Sedatives?

Life makes high demands on the stress resistance of the individual, hence the bunch of diseases associated with nerves. For depression, obsessive-compulsive disorders, severe insomnia, you should consult a doctor, but with mild symptoms help to cope with numerous sedative drugs sold without a prescription.

There are several types, they differ in the strength of the impact, in the side effects, according to the ability to help cope with a particular nervous disease.

herbal tablets

The most numerous, but also the weakest sedative preparations are made from medicinal herbs. The advantage of such drugs is almost complete absence side effects that are possible only with rare individual intolerance. Tablets can be safely used for treatment.

Valerian root, hops, motherwort, mint and some other plants are used as raw materials for such tablets. Some manufacturers mix several herbs in one tablet. Such well-known sedatives as "Novopassit" and "Persen" belong to the class of herbal tablets.

The disadvantage of herbal preparations is their poor effectiveness, if the symptoms of the disease are pronounced, then they are unlikely to help.

Bromine preparations

Bromine has a good calming effect on the human body, so preparations based on it are quite popular. Long-term use such drugs can lead to the accumulation of bromine in the body, which will lead to a decrease in efficiency, drowsiness, apathy. Taking bromine preparations can cause a pronounced decrease in libido.

Anxiolytics

Anxiolytics, or, as they are also called, tranquilizers, are more serious sedative drugs. They have a pronounced sedative and relaxing effect even in severe nervous disorders. Anxiolytics are able to suppress fears, feelings, have hypnotic effect.

The big disadvantage of these drugs is developing over time: firstly, the patient needs an increasing dose to achieve the desired effect, and secondly, when the drug is discontinued, all problems can return with a vengeance. Therefore, despite the fact that some of them are sold without a prescription, they should be used only as directed by a doctor, strictly following the recommendations for dosage and timing of administration.

The most famous are such anxiolytics as Phenazepam, Phenibut, Afobazol.

Barbiturates

In Russia, drugs based on phenobarbital are popular, they are really capable of very short term calm a person, but with constant use, barbiturates can cause a real drug addiction. A rare reception of "Valocordin" or "Corvalol" really helps to cope with sudden nervousness.

Tip 3: What are effective sedatives for children

Few people know that stress can accompany a child from the moment of his birth. As a result, night mosquitoes, excitability, excessive tearfulness and sleep disturbances are observed. Help in this case sedatives.

Soothing decoctions

Light effective sedative with increased excitability and disturbed sleep are special baths. They are prepared using a variety of herbs. For example, nettle, valerian, lavender, mint or coniferous decoctions. This procedure is recommended to be carried out in the evening, before going to bed. Relaxing baths actively affect the nervous system, soothing it. They can be prescribed practically for a baby and up to more than an age.

As a rule, fees for the preparation of baths are purchased at pharmacies. For babies up to a year, it is recommended to prepare a decoction of one type of herb. Great for older sedative effect gives a collection based on valerian root, string grass, lemon balm leaves and motherwort. The collection is insisted and brewed in advance, and already before bathing, the infusion is added to warm water.

Salt in soothing treatments

One of the sedatives that can be taken from an early age is plain sea salt. It eliminates irritation and has a tonic effect on the skin. Sea salt is used in baths. Neurologists often prescribe this kind of procedure with nervous excitability and with the manifestation of rickets, sleep disturbance and birth injuries. Often baths with sea salt are prescribed as a general tonic.

For the purpose of a general strengthening effect and the prevention of sleep disorders, a small concentration is used. sea salt, an average of 2-5 grams per liter of water. The water temperature in this case is 37-38oC. The average duration of the procedure is 10-15 minutes.

Preparations based on herbal ingredients

If a person understands that his strength is leaving him, you need to think about taking sedative drugs. It is better to consult with your doctor so that he prescribes an effective therapy based on the patient's history. For self-medication, you should choose drugs based on herbal ingredients. The composition may contain the following herbs: lemon balm, mint, valerian, motherwort. They are most often found in herbal preparations, teas and tinctures. Medicines are dispensed in pharmacies without a doctor's prescription. They do not reduce performance, almost have no side effects. We can only talk about individual intolerance to individual components.

For fast and effective recovery after stress, it is best to seek advice from a doctor.

A person leading an active lifestyle will not want to brew fresh teas, infusions at home every time, so sedatives can be taken according to the instructions. "Persen", "Novopassit", valerian infusion, "Cetrin" - these drugs are sold in a pharmacy, they contain only natural ingredients.

Potent drugs

In heavy stressful situations you need to take strong drugs. Here we should already talk about side effects from them, they are harmful to the body. Drowsiness, lethargy, jumps in blood pressure may appear. Take strong drugs without supervision and doctor's advice. It is important to observe the dosage and duration of the course. Due to improper intake, addiction to the drug may develop. The advantage is their fast action. By following the instructions mental health soon returns to normal.

Antidepressants are a group of drugs that are widely used. People find salvation and normalization of their mental state in them.

There are drugs that have a double effect: they calm the irritated nervous system and normalize sleep. "Menovalen" refers to such drugs. It contains peppermint and valerian. According to customer reviews, convenient medication. No need to brew teas, you just need to drink a capsule with a small amount of water.

For any medicine to work with maximum effect, it must be correct. Sedatives are no exception. But when taking them, one should also take into account which group they belong to, whether they are drugs of plant or synthetic origin.

What are sedatives

Anti-anxiety or sedative drugs fall into two categories. The first includes those that are of plant origin, the active ingredient in them are extracts of valerian, motherwort, etc. The second category includes synthetic sedatives, which, in turn, are divided into benzodiazepines and barbiturates. In addition to them, they also have a calming effect. antihistamines the first generation, which include, for example, diphenhydramine, which has a pronounced hypnotic effect.

How to take sedatives correctly

Herbal sedatives are sold in pharmacies without a doctor's prescription. To date, no studies have been conducted that scientifically prove them and justify a safe dosage. However, this effect is there, and the dosages should be observed as indicated in the instructions. The most popular drug in this category is valerian. It should not be taken with other sedatives, or with synthetic, non-vegetarian ones. Doctors do not recommend using it for a long time.

Motherwort should not be taken at the time, so as not to provoke a miscarriage. herbal preparation kava kava, which is also sold in Russian pharmacies as a sedative, it is forbidden to use in Germany, Switzerland and Canada, because it has a negative effect on the liver. No side effects of passionflower (passion flower) have been recorded; it is considered a completely safe component of sedatives. But it cannot be used together with oral contraceptives - it neutralizes their effect. Soothing herbal remedies are best taken after meals so as not to provoke indigestion or gastritis.

Synthetic drugs include barbiturates -, valocardine, as well as benzodiazepines - Relanium, Seduxen, diazepam. The former are relatively safe, but have a short duration of action. The latter act longer, but have many side effects and are addictive, so they should be taken strictly under the supervision of a doctor, who will prescribe them. Synthetic drugs can be taken at any time, regardless of before or after meals.

TO general recommendations the time of taking sedative drugs can be attributed: from 14:00 to 15:00 they are especially effective. You can not combine their reception, they can be the most serious. You should not drink them with grapefruit juice, as well as drinks containing tannin and caffeine, which provoke the opposite effect and cause excessive excitement.

Stress is very harmful to health, and in order to ease it and avoid the development of depression and other serious illnesses, it is recommended to use sedatives. However, it is important to understand that these drugs themselves can become a threat to health if they are not chosen correctly.

The safest means

It happens that a person does not have serious problems, but he is nervous due to accumulated fatigue, minor troubles that grow like a snowball due to. In this case, it makes no sense to take a strong one, it is enough to choose light drug. The best option is herbal products: fees, tinctures,. Valerian, motherwort, mint will be effective. If you are nervous during the day and feel exhausted, emotionally drained, or overly excited by the evening, drink chamomile tea.

Weak herbal medicines cannot cope with serious emotional disturbances and severe stress, take this into account. But on the other hand, with minor problems, they will restore a normal mental state without harm to health.

Sedative to relieve severe stress

Most often, people use a sedative in case they themselves cannot cope with stress. Dismissal, divorce, news of a serious illness or death of a loved one is unsettling, and the resulting negative emotions can cause a nervous breakdown, protracted, apathy. In this case, taking herbal sedatives is often pointless. Suitable option drugs can become - they are relatively safe, but they act stronger and faster herbal infusions and . It is important to consider that bromine accumulates in the body over time if taken regularly. The result is lethargy, a weakening of all emotions, a decrease in sexual desire, an unwillingness to do things that were previously important for a person.

In case of serious mental trauma, the doctor may prescribe tranquilizers. They have a sharp inhibitory effect on the nervous system and help even with the development of anxiety disorders and depression. It is important to understand that this is a very serious medicine that can only be used with a doctor's prescription. These drugs are addictive over time, so with prolonged mental disorders, their dose has to be increased, which is fraught with the appearance of additional health problems. An experienced doctor should work with those who have experienced severe psychological trauma or who have experienced excessive stress or depression. Independently choose a sedative in such cases should not be.

Sleep disturbance is a serious problem, indicating a jet lag. While you understand the causes, it is necessary to maintain the strength of the body and take a sedative for insomnia.

You will need

- "Menovalen"
- Melatonin
- "Valerian"
- "Ethylbromisovalerianate"
- "Valocordin"
- "Phenobarbital"
- Mint leaves and lemon balm
- Beet juice
- Honey
- Motherwort
- St. John's wort
- Yarrow
- Chamomile flowers

Instruction

With any ailment, a person does not want to waste time on clarifying and going to the pharmacy. In order not to harm the nervous system, it is worth taking pills for insomnia. Menovalen is a safe sedative. It relieves stress, has virtually no side effects and is not addictive. This sedative for insomnia is taken in courses whose goal is the complete restoration of sleep. Menovalen is good because in the morning after taking it, there is no drowsiness.

If you have confused day with night, you should give preference to Melatonin. The drug is made on the basis of a hormone produced by the body at night. It's not a sleeping pill, it's a pill natural recovery rhythm. The drug is especially suitable for "owls" who hardly get up in the morning.

People who prefer insomnia pills will love the gentle action of Valerian. You just need to coordinate the dosage with your doctor: with a slight sleep disorder, pills will help. At serious violations in the work of the nervous system, concentrated drops are needed.

You can also use Ethyl Bromisovalerianate, Valocordin, Phenobarbital, or simply use peppermint oil. But it's best not to be lazy and take advantage of folk recipes fight insomnia.

Phytotherapy takes longer than the treatment of sleep disorders with drops and. But the effect of it lasts for years. The easiest way is to drink tea with mint leaves and lemon balm every evening as a preventive measure. In the absence of allergies, you can improve the taste of the drink with lemon and honey. But the sugar in soothing tea is superfluous - on the contrary, it excites the brain, leading to insomnia.

With severe stress and depression, motherwort is indicated. First you need to prepare an infusion, pour 3 dessert spoons of crushed leaves with a glass hot water and leaving under the lid for a quarter of an hour. Strained infusion drink a dessert spoon 4 times a day with the same intervals between doses. In order not to suffer from a regimen that is sometimes difficult to comply with, you can drink tea. Welding is prepared from motherwort, St. John's wort, yarrow, mint and chamomile, taken in a ratio of 2:2:1:1:1. For 1.5 cups of boiling water, pour 2 dessert spoons of the mixture. Drink before meals and at night.

Tip 8: What are sedatives and how they work

Sedatives are called psychotropic drugs that have a calming effect on the central nervous system (CNS) without significant impairment of its functions. Such drugs are used in medicine mainly for the treatment of neurotic conditions.

Sedatives and their types

There are sedative preparations of synthetic and herbal origin. Of the preparations of plant origin, widely used are those based on medicinal plants such as: motherwort, valerian officinalis, lemon balm, middle patrinia (stone valerian), incarnate passionflower, evading peony and tropical plants of the kava-kava pepper family. The pharmacological effects of herbal sedatives are very diverse. For example, valerian officinalis, in addition to a sedative effect associated with a decrease in the excitability of the central nervous system, has antispasmodic properties, improves coronary circulation, regulates heart function, enhances the secretion of the glands of the gastrointestinal tract and improves bile secretion.

Similar to valerian, motherwort has effects on the body, also having an antihypertensive effect and reducing heart rate. Passiflora and peony have an additional anticonvulsant effect. Melissa has antipruritic, antihypertensive, antispasmodic, and anti-arrhythmia effects. In addition, it has a slight choleretic effect, favorably contributes to the restoration of intestinal microflora and activation of the secretion of the gastrointestinal tract. Kava kava has an excellent hypnotic, antimicrobial, and analgesic effect.

Medicines that have a sedative effect

A sedative effect is also characteristic of some drugs, which are often not considered as drugs that affect the central nervous system. For such drugs, the sedative effect is concomitant with the main pharmacological effect. For example, a pronounced sedative effect is observed when using the diuretic acetazolamide ("Diacarb"), some antihypertensive drugs - clonidine hydrochloride ("Clonidine"), or methyldopa. Some antihistamines, in particular diphenhydramine hydrochloride (Diphenhydramine) and diprazine, have a sedative and in some cases even hypnotic effect.

Tip 9: How sedatives affect the body: addiction

Stress, prolonged depression or prolonged stress have a negative effect on the brain. Good sedatives help manage the problem, but many types of drugs, including barbiturates (Nembutal) and benzodiazepines (such as Valium or Xanax), can cause complications.

Sedatives: Definition

There are various types of CNS depressants, most of which act on the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Neurotransmitters are brain chemicals that maintain communication between brain cells. GABA works by reducing brain activity. Though different types CNS depressants work in their own way, ultimately it is through the ability to increase GABA activity that a relaxing effect is achieved that helps restore disturbed sleep and calm the nerves.

Among the effective sedative drugs are the following:

Barbiturates such as Mebaral and sodium pentobarbital (Nembutal) are useful in treating anxiety, tension, and sleep disorders;
The benzodiazepines Diazepam (Valium), chlordiazepoxide HCl (Librium), and Alprazolam (Xanax) are prescribed to treat anxiety, acute stress reactions, or panic attacks;
More relaxing benzodiazepines such as Triazolam (Halcion) and Estazolam (ProSom) may be prescribed for short-term treatment of the sleep disorder.

At higher doses, some CNS depressants can be used as general anesthetics.

Despite their many positive effects, barbiturates and benzodiazepines should be used as prescribed. For the first few days after taking a prescribed depressant, a person may feel sleepy, which will go away with time. If use depressant over a long period of time, the body gets used to it and begins to require an increase in dosage. Chronic use of sedatives can cause severe physical dependence. Since all CNS depressants work by slowing down the activity of the brain, when a person stops taking them, brain activity can get out of control. At high doses or when abused, many of the sedative drugs can cause unconsciousness and even coma. Therefore, before buying a remedy, be sure to consult a doctor.

Side effects

The main disadvantage of sedatives is that the activity of the central nervous system slows down. Small doses relieve tension, and large doses can disrupt the perception of time and space, cause a slowdown in reflexes and breathing. At the same time, sensitivity to pain decreases, thinking is disturbed, and speech becomes slurred. Overdoses cause unconsciousness or shock.

CNS depressants should only be used with other drugs under medical supervision. Sedatives should not be combined with drugs or substances that cause depression, including prescription drugs, some over-the-counter cold and allergy medicines, or alcohol. The use of CNS depressants with these substances, especially alcohol, is dangerous and fraught with serious complications.

Anti-anxiety drugs: symptoms of an unhealthy addiction

A person feels the need to increase the dosage due to a decrease in the effect obtained.

After completing the course, the person begins to suffer, insomnia and anxiety quickly return.

To determine a sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic disorder, several signs are enough to coincide:

Sleeping pills or anxiolytics are taken in large doses or much longer in time (the dosage changes without the permission of the doctor);
There is a desire to reduce or self-control the use of sedatives;
Too much long recovery after exposure to sedatives;
Does not let go of an obsessive desire to constantly take sedatives;
There is an inability to control oneself, to perform daily tasks at work (the negative effect of drugs on activity and physical condition);
Increased need for medication after stress or personal problems;
The use of sedatives becomes such a priority that social, professional and recreational activities are either completely stopped or sharply reduced.

There are several ways to prevent abuse prescription drugs. When visiting a doctor, provide a complete medical history, describe your problem so that the doctor understands the complaint and can prescribe the appropriate medication. If your doctor prescribes a pain reliever, stimulant, or CNS depressant, follow the directions carefully and learn about the effects that drug may have, especially during the first few days of adjustment. Never use another person's prescription, increase or decrease doses yourself!

Addiction treatment

Although there are currently no extensive studies on the treatment of barbiturate and benzodiazepine dependence, patients addicted to these drugs should undergo medically supervised detoxification. Inpatient or outpatient counseling can help a person during this process.

Peace, lack of anxiety and apathy - this is the sedative effect that various drugs give and in varying degrees. A sedative effect is a calming effect of a drug on the body of a sick person. In some cases, when buying a drug without a prescription, the instructions say that it has a sedative effect. That is, there is a calming effect.

Medical assistance consists in helping people to relax, to "remove the internal clamp", to get relief. Depending on the severity of the patient's condition, the effect of the drug can be used in various ways - the patient drinks pills or potions, tinctures, decoctions, inhales the smell or the drug is injected intramuscularly or intravenously.

Drugs sold without prescriptions

Usually they are made on the basis of herbs - valerian, motherwort, peony or herbal collection. Their sedative effect is not pronounced. But regular intake of drops of valerian or motherwort in case of mild disorders will bring calm and sleep. A pillow filled with valerian grass will have the same beneficial effect. Sleep will improve and general well-being. When there is no threatening danger, these medicines improve sleep, bring peace. They can be safely used in everyday life. In general, the sedative effect is expressed in the suppression of consciousness to one degree or another.

What diseases require calming

There are three types of depression:

Sad - a person has a quiet voice, speech is slow. He does not make eye contact and answers questions in monosyllables. She can't do anything at home, just as she can't work.
Anxious - a person behaves fussily. This is expressed in the fact that he finds no place for himself anywhere, wanders restlessly and expects misfortune from everywhere. With obsessive thoughts, a person has the same thought spinning in his head all the time, for example, a mistake or failure at work is inflated to infinite proportions without stopping. Any most unexpected trifle becomes a global misfortune.
Apathetic. The person is completely immersed in himself. Doesn't answer questions. There is no reaction to the affairs of close people. Such a person lies on the bed for days, usually without undressing, under the covers, and does not get up, he does not need anything - neither new information, nor food.

With these diseases, and they differ, it is impossible to do without drugs that give a sedative effect.

In addition, with all types of neurosis, the patient is in dire need of normal work and contact with people. And the doctor, despite not feeling well, prescribes such sedatives so that a person does not fall out of the life of society. A person’s mood improves, longing gradually disappears, interest in the world appears, a desire to actively move appears, sleep improves.

Intentions of doctor and patient

Both the doctor and the patient strive for the same thing: to create a normal full life. And this is achieved by creating a sedative effect. What's this?

Peace.
Normal extended sleep.
The absence of dreary thoughts that do not spin like a squirrel in a wheel and do not make the patient constantly think about the same thing.

This is the answer of doctors who are asked by worried relatives: “Sedative effect. What is it?"

Long term treatment

For treatment use in various combinations:

neuroleptics;
antidepressants;
tranquilizers.

Some act symptomatically, others cure. Therefore, they must be used in combination. But they all have a sedative effect.

Antipsychotics relieve psychomotor agitation and have an additional sedative effect. They act sedatively quickly, within a few hours. These are the most strong medicines. A strong sedative effect is when the drug puts a person to bed for a while. The injections usually last six to eight hours.

For the relief of psychomotor agitation with acute condition in the early days use "Aminazin". After "Aminazin" the patient will sleep for a long time, getting up only to go to eat or go to the toilet. This drug can be drunk for a month, sometimes longer, but already at doses reduced by the doctor. Anxiety and excitement will go away, but the patient will be very lethargic. Lethargy and drowsiness are sedative side effects of Aminazine. "Aminazine" will not prevent a surge of excitation, therefore, using it, it is necessary to add tranquilizers. It goes in addition to the main treatment.

In a similar way, but with a smaller and weaker effect, "Tizercin" and "Chlorprothixen" affect the patient. Thus, all of them, constantly used in practical work, have several various properties. The strongest sedative effect is given by Aminazine and Tizercin.

Antidepressants

These include about two dozen drugs, including the already mentioned Amitriptyline. In addition, in the practical work of doctors Russian Federation there are Anafranil, Pyrazidol, Melipramine, Fluoxetine, Fevarin, Azafen and a number of others. Some medicines are prescribed for paid prescriptions, others - for free. For this, there are special lists, both from doctors and pharmacies. They match perfectly. All of these are antidepressants with a sedative effect.

Negative Effects

Side effects sedatives are well studied. They are wide enough. Therefore, when taking them, constant contact with the doctor is necessary. It must be noted that each drug causes individual reactions in each person. This is because the mechanisms of failure in the human nervous system have not yet been studied. That is why the doctor cannot know 100% how the medicine will work.

What is a side effect of the drug

Common side effects of antidepressants also include a decrease in the level of attention and concentration, lethargy, drowsiness, slowing down of thought processes and motor reactions. Active patients who are still able to control themselves go to work, so they take medication only at night.

Side effects include hypotension, tachycardia, arrhythmias, dry mouth, delayed or absent stools, and inability to urinate normally. Also, people who use antidepressants are sure to gain weight, as their appetite inevitably increases. Headaches may appear.

Communication of relatives with doctors and sick people in the family

All this must be reported to the doctor. Nothing can be tolerated. Relatives should talk about this if the patient himself does not inform the medical worker about anything. The doctor will change the drugs, selecting them individually.

Relatives of patients who are forced to be treated with antipsychotics, antidepressants and tranquilizers should be patient and respond to all outbreaks of the disease as carefully and calmly as possible.

To date, it is almost impossible to do without sedatives, as the rhythm of life has increased and negatively affects certain categories people.

For many, the current conditions create serious problems. However, a person is afraid to admit them and tries to deal with his health alone, not confessing to his relatives or doctor. He chooses drugs for nerves, often not knowing what they are exactly aimed at, content only with choosing a pharmacist from a pharmacy.

However, there are a large number of drugs with their own indications and contraindications. Cheap and imported, strong and weak. The choice of drugs should be treated responsibly.

Types of drugs

All sedative drugs are called sedatives. They are divided into the following groups:

Sedatives natural (plant) origin. As a rule, they consist of an extract of valerian, lily of the valley, passionflower, motherwort. All these components act gently, reduce the excitatory processes of the nervous system.
Antidepressants are drugs from the psychotropic group. Used for severe depression. Especially strong drugs are Azafen, Bifol, Pyrazidol. Aimed at the normalization of the emotional and general mental state.
Antipsychotic drugs - neuroleptics. Of the most active, Tizertsin, Truksal, Aminosin are noted. Designed to eliminate acute neurosis, insomnia, excessive psychomotor agitation.
Barbiturates are the most potent sedative, only in the treatment of adult patients. They are quite dangerous, as they can suppress the activity of the nervous system, cause addiction. They are sold exclusively by doctor's prescription. Usually it is Seduxen, Relanium - they relieve increased anxiety, stress, and without causing drowsiness.
Anxiolytic drugs (tranquilizers). This is a group of synthetic psychotropic drugs that are able to relieve the patient of increased anxiety, unreasonable fears and phobias, relieve nervousness, and overcome stressful conditions with maximum effect. Medicines based on benzodiazepines, which can be addictive, therefore, their use should be carried out strictly according to the doctor's instructions. These include drugs: Amitriptyline, Lorazepam, Diapezam, Frizium.
Among these sedatives, the safest are preparations based on herbal ingredients, since they put the patient at risk of dependence on medications to a lesser extent and have few contraindications. Medicines with a synthetic composition have a strong sedative effect,

Among the listed sedatives, herbal preparations are considered the safest, they have a minimum of contraindications and rarely cause side effects. Synthetic medicines with a strong sedative effect in case of overdose have a toxic effect on the body, and with prolonged use they cause drug dependence, so you can’t just buy them in a pharmacy. Such funds can be taken only as prescribed by a doctor.

How it works?

All types of sedatives are designed to slow down the nervous system and reduce the degree of excitatory processes. Along with this, they relieve aggression, irritability, tearfulness, scandalousness. These drugs provide the full functionality of the autonomic nervous system, as well as the cardiovascular system, reduce sweating, remove trembling of the limbs, and have a positive effect on the intestinal tract.

An important advantage sedative pills It can be said that they allow you to fall asleep better. Moreover, these drugs are not sleeping pills and do not affect the rhythm of the cerebral cortex. Nevertheless, drugs have a positive effect on a person’s sleep, help to fall asleep faster, and relieve anxiety about external or internal stimuli.

Sedatives, acting in conjunction with hypnotics, tranquilizers, antipsychotics, painkillers, enhance the effect. Therefore, successful combinations of drugs can reduce the dosage of the more severe of them in terms of influence and side effects.

Sedative drugs are used to treat neurosis and neurasthenia. How additional funds can be used to eliminate sleep disorders. V various combinations with other drugs are used in the early therapeutic stages of treatment cardiovascular disorders, hypertension, intestinal infections, menopausal syndrome.

Sedative drugs without prescriptions

In an ideal situation, each sedative is prescribed exclusively by a doctor. Since a nervous breakdown is sometimes evidence of a much more severe mental illness, and irritability sometimes indicates the presence hormonal disruptions or other diseases of the internal organs.

However, the population is accustomed to choosing their own medicines. Their list is replenished every time, the market is growing. Let's get acquainted with the range of sedative drugs presented in pharmacies.

Those sedatives that are available without a prescription do not have serious side effects. They are not drug addicted. These are the tablets:

- - Tenoten;
  - Triftazin;
  - Adaptol;
- Adonis bromine;
Let's take a look at a few of them as an example.
Afobazole
Belongs to the group of tranquilizers, with a powerful sedative effect. The maximum effect in the fight against nervousness, irritation, fears, allows you to relax and fall asleep well. Taking the drug helps to cope with anxiety disorders and their causes, signs - tremor, rapid heartbeat, difficulty in breathing, excessive sweating, bowel problems. The tool has few contraindications, not recommended for people with high sensitivity. Do not apply to pregnant and lactating women, as well as children.
Tenoten
The drug belongs to nootropics, i.e. provides antidepressant help, is a pronounced sedative, allows you to better cope with high mental stress, improves mood. In addition, the pills eliminate severe anxiety and nervousness. Taking these drugs does not slow down human activity, does not cause drowsiness, on the contrary, it has positive influence for memory, relieves psychosomatic disorders. The drug has no side effects, only on individual components.
Phenibut
A drug from the nootropic group. Its action is aimed at improving intellectual and physical activity, brain function. The medicine stabilizes the general emotional background, relieves insomnia.
Due to their sedative properties, the tablets help fight anxiety, nervousness, relieve autonomic disorders, anxiety, nervous tics and stuttering in babies. Not recommended for people with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver failure, during pregnancy and lactation. With caution, give to children, not up to two years.
It is difficult to say which medicines are better, since each individual person requires his own type of sedative drug. The choice of medicine is purely individual. It depends on the reasons that cause signs of anxiety, neurosis. In addition, the price of the tablets also influences the choice of treatment.
Good herbal sedatives

Medicines based on herbal ingredients are the most harmless, non-toxic, have less effect on the biliary tract, pancreas, and do not burden the liver. Traditional medicine has developed over the centuries, therefore there are a large number of proven recipes, in which the properties of herbs have repeatedly shown themselves with best sides in the treatment of nervous disorders. Today, without a doubt, scientists have learned how to correctly combine plant and chemical raw materials, increasing the effectiveness of the drug without making it more dangerous or harmful.
So the most popular means to combat nerves are medicines based on valerian. For creating similar drug use rhizomes and roots, sometimes leaves and stem of the plant. There are varieties of the remedy: tablets, extract, capsules, alcohol tincture, filter bags for tea, rhizome briquettes. All of them are aimed at reducing the excitability of the nervous system, normalizing sleep, strengthening sleeping pills. Intestinal spasms are reduced. Alcohol tincture is more effective than tablets. Only forty drops per 80 kilograms of the patient's weight - and there was no trace of a nervous state. Provided, of course, that a person does not take alcohol and other psychotropic drugs. Too high dosages will cause heart problems.
Preparations based on passion flower (passiflora incarnate). They are used to normalize sleep, get rid of causeless fears and phobias, increased anxiety, irritability, eliminate obsessive states and ideas. This is possible due to the presence of alkaloids and flavonoids in passionflower. Passionflower also has antispasmodic and anticonvulsant effects. With the help of this herb, preparations for menopause are created (Alora in syrup or tablets), which can reduce stress, heart rate, and relieve headaches.
Another popular type is preparations based on motherwort. Sedatives from it are alcohol tincture, as well as drops consisting of motherwort and lily of the valley. There are also motherwort grass and extract tablets.
In a nervous state and vegetative-vascular dystonia, peony tincture is used. And drugs with St. John's wort have sedative and antidepressant properties. An example of such funds are tablets Deprim, Negrustin, Neuroplant.
Combination sedatives

If the raw materials are combined, the effectiveness of the tablets increases. That is, they use various herbs, plant collections.
For example, the drug Fitosed. It consists of motherwort, oats, lemon balm, sweet clover, hawthorn, hops, and the base is alcohol. The medicine reduces tension and anxiety, harmonizes the mental state, eliminates the symptoms of insomnia, and reduces the level of fatigue. May be presented in capsules or tincture. Do not use during lactation, as well as disorders in blood circulation. Not recommended for pregnant women. At long trips unwanted. Treatment usually takes place over a period of ten to thirty days.
Sedariston - is prescribed when autonomic neuroses appear. Consists of St. John's wort, valerian, lemon balm.
Valocormide is a remedy for cardiac neuroses with bradycardia. The drug is based on components - lily of the valley, belladonna, valerian, menthol and sodium bromide.
Valoserdin - a mixture of peppermint, ethyl ester of bromisovaleric acid, oregano oils, phenobarbital. Produces a sedative effect, reduces heart rate, removes intestinal disorders. It is used for nervousness of the cardiac system for pain and increased heart rate, high blood pressure, insomnia. OTC.
Nervoflux is a mixture brewed in tea. It includes orange flowers, lavender, valerian rhizome extract, hop cones, mint leaves, licorice root. Usually used for sleep disorders and chronic stress.
Valosedan - necessary for excitatory processes of the nervous system, stress, neurosis. The properties of inhibition are enhanced by doses of sodium barbital, as well as hawthorn, rhubarb, valerian, ethyl alcohol, and hops contained in the drug.
Bromides

A few years ago, stories were popular about how bromine tincture was poured into tea for soldiers in the army. This was allegedly done to remove the nervous breakdown and reduce the sexual urges of young conscripts.
Sedative preparations based on bromine or bromides really inhibit some processes in the central nervous system, balance the processes of excitation and inhibition. They are usually inexpensive, available in the form of drops or mixtures.
However, you can not overdo it with the dosage and time of taking these drugs. If you do not control the process of consumption, then you are likely to get poisoned. The phenomenon is known as bromism. The main signs of such poisoning are dry cough, runny nose for no reason, skin rashes in the form of acne, lacrimation.
Alternative remedy

One of the long-known remedies for nervosa is magnesia. 25% magnesium sulfate solution is used for high pressure inside the skull, hypertensive crisis. If the solution is administered orally, a sedative or hypnotic effect will be achieved. Magnesia relieves pain in smooth muscles, reduces pain syndrome in the uterus and intestines. At high dosages, poisoning is possible, which can only be cured with calcium chloride.

Homeopathic preparations

Homeopathic sedatives are usually represented by mixtures vegetable herbs when adding sweeteners. Tablets usually dissolve in the mouth, substances are absorbed and begin to work almost immediately after ingestion.
Examples of such funds are:
- Lorazepam;
- diazepam;
- Bifol;
- fluoxetine;
- Buspirone;
- Sandoz;
- Bromazepam;
- Seduxen;
- Aminazin;
- Tizercin;
- Phenazepam;
- Amitriptyline;
- Relanium.
Phenazepam and Diazepam are one of the most powerful tranquilizers that act in a complex, aimed at anticonvulsant, sedative, hypnotic effect. These drugs treat severe neurosis, mental disorders and pathology.
The disadvantages of such drugs from the groups of tranquilizers, antipsychotics, antidepressants is that the drugs can cause addiction and addiction if the dosage is not observed. Side effects are also not excluded. Possible complications in the digestive, endocrine, cardiovascular systems.
Cheap drugs

Sedatives that are supplied by pharmacy chains are available in sufficient quantities. in large numbers, there are also many names. However, there are effective cheap pills and drugs that will not have serious consequences for the family budget. These are such drugs:
- Valerian (from 20 rubles);
- Glycine (from 40 rubles);
- Bromocamphor (from 90 rubles);
- Motherwort (from 24 rubles);
- Adonis Brom (from 80 rubles);
- Peony extract (from 80 rubles).
Adonis bromine

Consists of potassium bromide, a glycoside that is secreted from medicinal plant- adonis. The drug is prescribed when a person is sick with vegetative-vascular dystonia, neurotic syndrome, which may be accompanied by a rapid heartbeat, increased anxiety, tremors of the limbs, high sweating. The medicine is used for sedative and cardiotonic purposes. Do not apply during pregnancy and lactation, peptic ulcer, fructose intolerance.

Based on amino acids, sold in tablets, consumed by resorption under the tongue. Its action is aimed at calming, reducing anxiety, relieving psycho-emotional stress. Taking medication helps to improve intellectual abilities, helps social adaptation, has a calming effect, the drug is antitoxic. Glycine affects mood, reduces the degree of conflict and irritability, contributes to the normalization of the central nervous system, vegetative system. Allows you to overcome sleep disorders, helps to rehabilitate after a stroke. In adolescents, medication reduces aggressiveness, and helps students to endure high mental stress.

Bromocamphor

Bromide. The purpose of the drug is to strengthen the processes of inhibition and eliminate disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system and brain, to normalize cardiac activity. The tablets are taken orally. They have a calming effect, reduce arousal, improve sleep, normalize blood pressure, heartbeat. Contraindicated in children under 7 years of age, patients with hepatic and kidney failure. Separately, it is not recommended for sensitivity to certain components of the drug.

When choosing a sedative, one of the main factors should be not only the moderate cost, but also the guaranteed safety of the drug. Therefore, before making a purchase of any of the sedative drugs, it is important to consult a specialist and identify contraindications.
During the treatment period, it is important to observe the dosage and follow the instructions.