Drank vinegar first aid. Help with acetic acid poisoning. Symptoms of burns with acetic acid, essence and assistance with injury

Acetic essence (acid, ethanoic acid) is a product obtained by fermenting wine. It is used in industry, chemical production, everyday life and cooking. Vinegar is simply irreplaceable at home. It is necessary for pickling, baking, and even cleaning some surfaces and containers.

In the kitchen, housewives mainly use table vinegar– is it 6 or 9 percentage solution ethanoic acid. But some sometimes choose 70-80% vinegar essence, from which a product of the desired concentration is subsequently made.

Poisoning

Poisoning acetic acid- not a very common occurrence, but it has serious negative consequences for the body. Consumption of even a small amount can lead to disability or death. Only 15 ml taken orally is considered fatal. The main reason for this is severe burns of the respiratory organs and digestive system, mainly the stomach, due to the release large quantity toxic fumes.

Is it possible to be poisoned by acetic acid vapor? Undoubtedly. But they do not cause much harm to the body unless you inhale concentrated vapors of the essence, which cause a chemical burn to the upper respiratory organs.

Causes

The main reason poisoning is negligence. Most often among the victims are inquisitive young children who cannot read and try to taste everything. Therefore, it is recommended to store such products that are dangerous to health and life out of the reach of children.

Another category of people who use vinegar through negligence are alcohol drinkers and drunkards. Sometimes their desire to “take it to the chest” is so strong that they don’t even notice the characteristic smell and drink from the bottle clear liquid without thinking about the possible consequences.

This can happen by chance to any woman who runs her own kitchen. Often, the reason why she was poisoned is not even the consumption of the product, but the inhalation of acid vapors when diluting it independently to the required concentration, or the excessive use of vinegar when cleaning.

Symptoms

Vinegar poisoning leads to the most disastrous consequences and causes the following symptoms:

Specific smell.
Severe pain.
Vomiting with clots and blood.
Diarrhea with bleeding.
Acidosis.
Hemolysis of red blood cells.
Blood thickening.
Kidney failure.
Jaundice.
Burn shock.
Hemoglobinuria.
The appearance of scars, ulcers.
Deterioration of blood clotting.
Liver damage.

Sometimes there is even poisoning from vinegar vapors. Caustic, unpleasant, Strong smell, as a rule, is characterized by the following symptoms:

cough;
runny nose;
lacrimation;
chest pain;
difficulty breathing;
development of tracheobronchitis, pulmonitis.

Severity

If you drink vinegar, a person should understand that he will have serious health problems. Depending on the amount and concentration of the product, poisoning can be divided into three degrees of severity:

Mild - characterized by non-serious burns of the oral cavity and esophagus, minor damage to the stomach, without blood clotting, hemolysis and hemoglobinuria. Does not pose a health hazard.
Average, having more Negative influence on the body. In addition to serious burns in the mouth, the stomach is severely affected, resorptive processes develop, the blood thickens, the color of urine changes, acidosis, hemolysis, and hemoglobinuria are observed.
Severe, in which a person develops severe acidosis, hemoglobinuria, hemolysis, the blood thickens very strongly, unbearable pain in the chest and epigastrium appears, renal failure, and vomiting of blood begins. The upper respiratory tract, oral cavity, and digestive tract are seriously burned. Often the victim dies.

Causes of death

Death from vinegar poisoning can occur for a number of reasons:

pain shock;
large fluid losses;
large blood losses due to vascular damage;
acidity disorder;
exposure to toxic essence vapors;
kidney dysfunction;
formation of cell breakdown products in blood vessels;
change in the structure and destruction of red blood cells;
malnutrition of vital organs.

Consequences of poisoning

It is not necessary that if you drink vinegar, death occurs. In most cases, oddly enough, people survive such incidents. But their health and well-being deteriorates significantly. And this happens in several painful and unpleasant stages:

Acute – a period during which the victim experiences severe, unbearable pain in the mouth, larynx, and esophagus. It lasts from 5 to 10 days. At this time, the patient experiences increased salivation, impaired swallowing reflex, often vomiting, hoarseness. Due to acid vapors entering the respiratory tract, breathing difficulties, swelling and even pneumonia may occur.
Improvement of condition. This period lasts about a month and is characterized by a decrease in pain symptoms, restoration of the esophagus, and absence of scars. However, in most cases, this is only an imaginary well-being, followed by the rejection of dead tissue, leading to piercing the esophagus and, accordingly, bleeding. In turn, infection can get into the wounds and cause suppuration.
Narrowing of the esophagus. This process begins 2-4 months after accidental or intentional use of acetic acid and continues for two to three years. During this period, granulation tissue changes to dense connective tissue, which does not allow the esophagus to stretch or narrow. Cicatricial constrictions begin to form, accompanied by impaired swallowing function. It becomes more and more difficult for a person to eat food, painful sensations becoming stronger and more painful. In a place just above the narrowing, food passes through poorly, stagnates, which means it is not digested and begins to decompose over time. All this is accompanied by such unpleasant symptoms, such as bad breath, heartburn, belching, increased salivation, and sometimes even vomiting with food debris.
Late complications are the period when the organs adjacent to the esophagus - trachea, lungs, pleura - begin to suffer from rotting food. Poor nutrition, inflammation causes the victim to lose weight. He may develop cancer. And poor elasticity of the esophagus often leads to its rupture.

First aid

Competent, timely first aid provided for acetic acid poisoning can minimize negative consequences. The main thing in such a situation is to immediately call an ambulance and try to relieve the pain.

Urgent Care in case of poisoning with vinegar essence, it consists of gastric lavage, cleansing the gastrointestinal tract through the use of a special probe. It is carried out only by an experienced specialist. After such a procedure, the victim is administered narcotic or non-narcotic analgesics: analgin, promedol and others, and he is hospitalized for further treatment.

Video: what happens if you drink vinegar?

Treatment

Hospitalization – mandatory procedure, to which everyone who has had contact with vinegar essence is exposed. After a thorough and most detailed examination of the patient’s condition, the doctor prescribes treatment, which, as a rule, consists of the use of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs. medicines.

Recovery of the body occurs slowly and requires various measures:

Use of sodium bicarbonate for acidosis.
Carrying out diuresis to alkalize the blood.
Use of antibacterial drugs to prevent infection.
Prescription of medications (stabizol, reformam) to eliminate burn shock and spasm.
Uses hormonal drugs to prevent narrowing of the esophagus.
Intravenous administration of glucose-novocaine mixture to reduce pain.
Transfusion of fresh frozen plasma if toxic coagulopathy is observed.
Prescriptions of glutarginic acid for detecting liver damage.
Necessarily parenteral nutrition, especially in severe burn conditions.

Vinegar is a dangerous product that causes irreparable harm to the body. Always taste and drink liquids in bottles found in the kitchen with caution to protect yourself from negative consequences. If you decide to commit suicide in this way, you must understand that it will be very painful process, you will die in agony and not right away.

The materials on the site are provided for informational purposes only.

They cannot replace qualified medical care. Contact the specialists!

Acetic acid: its benefits and possible harm

Vinegar is found in the kitchen of every home. In everyday life it is used as a seasoning for cooking various dishes– marinades, canned food, pickles, sauces. In addition to culinary purposes, it is used as a cleaning agent (household chemicals) and as a traditional medicine to combat high temperatures. Considering the wide range of uses of the product, the question arises: is vinegar harmful to the human body?

When is table vinegar harmful?

High or low level Stomach acidity matters. To a person with acidic environment It is not recommended to use vinegar for the stomach. This will disrupt the acid-base balance and provoke the development of ulcers. Consumption of the product significantly worsens the well-being of people with the following diseases:

gastritis;
pancreatitis;
stomach and duodenal ulcers;
cholecystitis;
gastroenteritis.

If liver function is impaired, it is also undesirable to consume acid. And vinegar diets pose health risks. If you often eat dishes containing vinegar, this can disrupt the functionality of the entire gastrointestinal tract.

The substance damages the gastric mucosa, causing heartburn and intense pain. Acetic acid causes harm if it enters the stomach on an empty stomach, when secretion gastric juice increased.

If the acidity level in the stomach is low, a small amount of the product can be consumed in cooked dishes. In this case, increasing acidity is beneficial and will not lead to an exacerbation of the disease.

Absolute contraindications to the use of vinegar:

kidney disease;
children and old age;
chronic constipation;
prostatitis;
cystitis;
vein diseases

Symptoms that acid can cause with constant use:

Vinegar in minimal quantities is allowed for:

Useful qualities of vinegar

When used correctly and in moderation, vinegar cleanses the body. The acid has an antimicrobial effect and helps reduce cholesterol levels in the blood. It removes decay products from cells and renews them.

The main property of vinegar is to accelerate metabolism. And apple cider vinegar ranks first for this property. It helps reduce appetite and weight. Using the product speeds up the processing of glucose and prevents the production of large amounts of insulin, which promotes fat deposition. It also has a strong diuretic effect. Vinegar removes impurities and toxins.

Acid is good antiseptic for treating wounds after insect bites, which are accompanied by severe itching. All positive properties are inherent only natural vinegar, which is obtained from products by fermentation of alcohol-containing raw materials and acetic acid bacteria.

Negative properties of vinegar

An unnatural product is a diluted essence. Such vinegar, as a traditional medicine, is often used to treat sore throats as a gargle or to reduce fever as part of a compress.

An unnatural product cannot be used for medicinal purposes. It can cause skin burns and vapor poisoning.

Chemical skin burn

burning, tingling, pain;
redness skin;
the appearance of blisters.

First aid consists of thoroughly rinsing the affected surface with running water. The water should be warm, the rinsing duration should be 20 minutes. If the burn area is larger than the victim's palm, you should consult a doctor.

For the first 24 hours after a chemical burn, any medications should not be applied to damaged skin. They can enter into an unexpected reaction with acid residues and make the situation worse.

What not to do:

tear off fragments of clothing if they are stuck to the wound;
apply a neutralizing substance (alkali) to the wound;
lubricate the wound with ointments or improvised means (vegetable oil) - this will lead to infection.

Vinegar vapor poisoning

Inhalation of acetic acid vapor is harmful, it causes burns to the mucous membranes respiratory tract. Once in the lungs, the poison quickly spreads through the blood throughout the body.

difficulty swallowing;
uneven shallow breathing;
edema vocal cords– hoarseness of voice;
swelling of the lungs and bronchi;
drop in blood pressure.

To reduce body temperature in children, rubbing with acid is used. This procedure poses a danger to the child, as he is forced to breathe in vinegar vapor for several minutes. Thus, children poison themselves. Also, the acid is quickly absorbed through the skin and enters the blood. This may provoke acute poisoning child's body.

As first aid, the victim can be given 1-2 glasses of warm milk to drink and then taken to the hospital.

Getting vinegar into the gastrointestinal tract

Manifestation of poisoning when vinegar gets ingested:

burn of the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract;
burn of internal organs;
acid entering the blood and affecting the entire body;
vapors getting into the lungs – burns the respiratory tract.

The main symptom when a chemical gets ingested is severe pain, which leads to the development of painful shock. This form of poisoning is the most severe. The victim's psychomotor agitation increases.

Symptoms from the digestive system:

vomiting, possibly with blood;
profuse drooling;
strong smell of vinegar from the mouth;
black feces;
peritonitis.

Acetic acid destroys red blood cells, the released hemoglobin clogs small vessels. Against the background of a blood picture disorder, renal failure develops. Diuresis sharply decreases, up to the absence of urine.

The blood clotting process is disrupted, resulting in massive internal bleeding.

If vinegar gets inside, it is forbidden to give a person any antidotes, activated charcoal, or induce artificial vomiting.

The condition requires emergency hospitalization.

Precautions when using the product

Considering the effect of vinegar on the human body, the likelihood of developing severe conditions caused by improper use of vinegar, you must follow certain rules when handling acid:

The main thing is that the bottle of vinegar should be stored out of the reach of children.
Do not pour or store the product in unmarked containers without an identification label.
When preparing food, you must ensure that the acid does not come into contact with your skin.
When using the product for culinary purposes, follow the prescription dosage.
Do not use vinegar as a traditional medicine to treat colds and other diseases.
Do not use acid in cosmetic recipes for skin or hair care.
If you use the substance as a cleaning agent, protect your hands with rubber gloves.

Vinegar is Chemical substance, which even at low concentrations can cause serious poisoning in humans. Concentrated acid when ingested causes irreversible processes, and subsequently leads to disability and death. To avoid this, it is enough to follow simple rules in the use of chemicals.

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Vinegar - guards cleanliness or harms health? SURVEY

The topic is this: my mother-in-law advocates for using household chemicals in the house as little as possible - she says that this is harmful to health.

For example, washing dishes - detergents Feri and so on replace salt, soda and, until recently, mustard - to be honest, I was surprised when I saw how well mustard washes away grease, it’s a pity that using all this, it still has to either boil the dishes or wash them in boiling water to wash them off completely.

So she refused mustard, I, in turn, brought Amway products that I use at home. I really like the fact that their composition is gentle - my hands are very sensitive to various types of washing things (like my mother - eczema), and I also like that these products last for a long time due to the fact that they are sold in concentrated form.

I was very glad when I noticed that my mother-in-law sometimes used Amway dish soap and sponges for dishes (because, to save money, she always washed the dishes with different rags left over from something, which, being all the time in a humid environment, began to smell very quickly , get dirty and in general there were probably a lot of bacteria there).

So now she has new story- she began to actively use vinegar... I really still don’t understand why - either it washes away grease from dishes, or removes stains on fabric, then it’s not scale - this is 100% because we don’t have that much scale so that the aromas will last for the second week they hovered all over the apartment from morning to evening, and I didn’t even notice that the scale was decreasing. I rummaged on the Internet about the harmfulness and usefulness of vinegar... there, of course, they write mainly about eating food, but the vinegar vapors are so pungent in smell, sometimes even to the point of tears, that the question arises as to how all this affects people, especially taking into account the presence one year old child in the apartment.

Here's what I found on this topic in different sources:

WIKIPEDIA: Acetic acid vapors irritate the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract. TO dangerous complications Poisoning with vinegar essence includes acute renal failure and toxic liver degeneration. (Acetic acid ( ethanoic acid) is an organic substance with the formula CH3COOH. Weak, limiting monobasic carboxylic acid. Salts and esters of acetic acid are called acetates. Acetic acid, the concentration of which is close to 100%, is called glacial.% aqueous solution of acetic acid is called acetic essence, and 3-15% is vinegar).

Various forums: “As a chemist, I will say that it is better to boil the vinegar and pour in a little acetic acid, let it sit, and then rinse well. The main thing is not to be in that room, not to inhale the fumes.”

“The concentration of acid in vinegar is not very high, inhaling vinegar fumes is not harmful if you do not do it constantly)”

“Acetic acid vapors irritate the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract. Chronic exposure to vapor leads to diseases of the nasopharynx and conjunctivitis.”

Articles about consumption: Vinegar consumption should be limited to those recovering from illness, the elderly and nervous people. Those who suffer from hepatitis, gastritis, ulcers, and also have loose bowels. A single use of table, grape or apple cider vinegar will not cause harm to the body. But you should not drink vinegar, even in very low concentrations. The fact is that in its essence it is acetic acid and its entry into the stomach can have an extremely unpleasant effect, including ulcers. Violation acid-base balance, the risk of digestive tract problems and even anemia - all this can be caused by vinegar. Therefore, if you have been diagnosed with an ulcer, gastritis, or simply have a weak intestine, you should completely refrain from drinking vinegar. Moreover, even tooth enamel can be seriously damaged by acetic acid, so brushing your teeth and rinsing your mouth is highly recommended.

This raises the question: do you think daily (at least 2 times in the morning and evening) inhaling vinegar vapors is harmful or harmless for adults and children?

PS. I was already stressed about this topic, so the thought arose that my nausea was recent, and I suppose the dizziness could be associated with mild poisoning vinegar vapor, because at that moment I noticed that this pungent smell made me nauseous (that’s why I suspected B). Could this be possible?

PS2. I also noticed that when my mother-in-law washed the pot from the multicooker, for some reason the milk curdled while cooking the porridge (even though I had cooked it more than once), I began to think (the thought was really about my favorite soda) that it was simply not washed off well after using “folk” dishwashing detergents.

This topic is a repeat one, another one was created, but the survey was compiled incorrectly and it did not work. But there, some users left comments that (due to the deletion of the old topic) I would like to still be preserved. If they duplicate their comments here, I will delete them then, and if not, so that their useful thoughts are not lost.

poll doesn't work. I wouldn’t wash with vinegar... I use products without unnecessary chemicals, without dyes, parabens, and other crap.

Sorry, I didn’t finish reading, but I got the gist, buy your mother-in-law a Karcher steam cleaner, you can use it to wash everything!

Kills 99% of mtrobes without chemicals

I'm not worried about it... we live in modern world. nowhere without chemistry

I wouldn't like it(

It is probably harmful to constantly inhale these vapors. This is the answer to the question, I also wash the dishes with Amway products, BUT I was on vacation and my daughter-in-law washed the dishes with mustard, washed everything with a bang, and decided to use it too. I liked how it washes, nothing remains and my hands really don’t suffer.

I use chemicals despite my worsening dermatitis. By the way, I developed another kind of allergy to Amway powders - my nose was stuffy, I sneezed all over. Vinegar can kill you. Sometimes I add a teaspoon to a 5-liter pan into borscht and you can choke. And rubbing pans with ACID is nonsense. Try to explain that this is no less poison than dishwashing detergent.

Soda is obviously a cleaning agent... and my mother-in-law uses coarse salt to clean something - frying pans, for example, from frying marks.

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Signs and consequences of acetic acid vapor poisoning

Acetic acid is a strong-smelling, colorless, transparent liquid. This is a strong acid that, if it enters the body, can cause irreversible consequences and even death.

In everyday life, acetic acid is used in the form of a solution. 6-9% acid solution is familiar to everyone as table vinegar, 80% solution is like vinegar essence. More concentrated solutions are used in industrial settings.

Toxic effect of acetic acid

The effect of acid on the human body is determined by two components:

local damaging effect (associated with direct contact of acid with tissues),
general (resorptive) - damage various organs and systems as a result of acid absorption.

The most dangerous and at the same time the most common poisoning with acetic acid is associated with its ingestion. Poisoning by acetic acid vapors is rare and occurs during accidents at work or in laboratory conditions. The damaging effect of acid when inhaled can be accompanied by severe damage to the respiratory system, but extremely rarely ends in death. Household cases of inhalation poisoning with vinegar or vinegar essence are usually limited to mild or moderate damage to the upper respiratory tract (nasopharynx, larynx, trachea).

Clinical picture of acetic acid vapor poisoning

Acid vapors in the air cause eye irritation, which is manifested by pain, burning, and lacrimation. Acetic acid upon contact with the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract causes a chemical burn, which is accompanied by inflammatory phenomena. When inhaling concentrated acid vapors, a sharp pain in the throat and behind the sternum and shortness of breath occurs. As a result of swelling of the larynx, suffocation and stridor breathing may occur. Damage to the vocal cords is manifested by complete aphonia or, in mild cases, hoarseness. I am bothered by a painful and painful dry cough, which then changes to a productive one. The sputum is mucopurulent in nature. With severe damage, toxic pulmonary edema develops. In this case, the sputum becomes abundant, foamy and mixed with blood. Shortness of breath increases, the skin becomes cyanotic or grayish, tachycardia increases, and blood pressure decreases. Auscultation of the lungs reveals a mass of different-sized wet and dry rales.

Subsequently, severe inflammatory processes develop in the trachea, bronchi, and lungs.

Less concentrated solutions of acetic acid are accompanied by light current. May cause sneezing, sore throat, unproductive cough, hoarseness.

The resorptive effect of acid during inhalation poisoning is not pronounced and appears with prolonged inhalation of highly concentrated acid, which manifests itself in the form of metabolic acidosis.

Providing assistance with acetic acid vapor poisoning

First aid consists of restoring airway patency. Mechanical asphyxia caused by laryngeal edema may require tracheostomy; in milder cases, decongestants and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed; if they are ineffective, intubation is performed.

Further treatment includes painkillers, antihistamines, glucocorticosteroids, antispasmodics and anticholinergics. Purulent complications are treated using antibacterial drugs. Symptomatic treatment is carried out.

Poisoning with vinegar and its vapors - symptoms and treatment of burns

Acetic acid, essence and table, malic or vinegar widely used in everyday life and at work. At home universal remedy used in cooking for pickling, canning, baking, as a salad dressing or in the preparation of mayonnaise and sauces. Acetic acid is also often a component of homemade cleaning mixtures and is used in cosmetology and alternative medicine. In industry, vinegar is used in the production of deodorants and detergents.

But is vinegar harmful? When used as intended and the safety rules for working with the substance are observed, table bite, like essence or acid, is absolutely harmless to the human body and brings only benefits. But in medical practice, poisoning or burns from the substance are often encountered.

Vinegar poisoning occurs through negligence or intentionally. The severity of the consequences largely depends on the concentration of the substance, but also on the amount drunk. You can even get poisoned with ordinary table vinegar of 6-9% concentration, let alone more concentrated acid (100%) and essence (70-80%).

Acetic acid is produced from fermented fruits (roughly speaking, it is sour and purified wine or juice), the remaining substances are the same acid, only diluted with water to the required concentration.

Routes of entry and lethality

Typically, acetic acid poisoning occurs by food, through the skin or by inhaling toxic fumes.

Internal burns are common if you drink vinegar or inhale vapors for a long time. Vinegar vapor poisoning is harmful to respiratory system, consumption of the substance in food accordingly affects the esophagus and digestion in general. Damage to internal organs of the gastrointestinal tract or breathing medium degree severity comparable to burns of 30% of the body surface.

The most rare reason serious poisoning - inhalation. To “inhale” vinegar to the point of poisoning, highly concentrated acetic acid vapor is required, which can relatively rarely be obtained at home. In addition, the bite has the property of quickly disappearing.

The main risk groups for this type of poisoning are: drinking man, while intoxicated, mistaking acetic acid for vodka, suicide, girls who want to lose weight like this in a dangerous way, and children.

In the event of a suicide attempt, disability, suffering and very serious consequences for the rest of one’s life are guaranteed with a 99% probability, but death is possible only in cases where medical assistance is not provided in time.

It is very easy to get an external burn with acetic acid if even a small amount of a weak concentration of the substance comes into contact with the skin. Expired vinegar can also cause skin damage. This type of chemical burn is a common occurrence. Vinegar can get on your skin if safety rules are not followed or if you are simply careless. A defeat of this kind, unlike internal use, most often occurs unintentionally. Cases of intentional poisoning by damaging the skin are very few.

Can a person die from acetic acid poisoning? With severe damage to internal organs and untimely medical care, death can occur.

Death occurs after taking about 50 ml of vinegar essence or 200 ml of table vinegar. This is exactly what the lethal dose is, but the data may vary depending on the individual characteristics of the body of a particular person.

The effects of vinegar on the body

In alternative medicine, table vinegar (apple cider vinegar) in small doses is believed to be beneficial to human health, and many people actually use it for “health benefits.” However, any excess of the dosage sharply turns all the advantages of the substance into serious disadvantages, and acetic acid has an extremely negative effect on the body. The substance is highly harmful and toxic.

The concentration of acetic acid influences the clinical manifestations. For poisoning mild degree severity is characterized by: focal lesions of the oral cavity, vinegar burn of the esophagus and minimal damage to internal organs.

In moderate cases, vinegar essence poisoning manifests itself with the following symptoms:

more severe burns of the oral cavity and esophagus;
entering the affected area of the stomach;
blood thickening;
sweat smells like vinegar (may be a symptom of other dangerous conditions);
hoarseness of voice;
pink color of urine.

What happens if a person drinks a lot of vinegar? Signs of severe burns of internal organs appear a short period of time after the actual poisoning.

Characteristics: nausea and vomiting with blood, intense pain in the chest and upper abdomen, dark red (even black) urine. A poisoned person experiences a serious painful shock. Severe poisoning is a very dangerous process that can cause serious complications, for example, renal failure.

If vinegar gets on your skin, a typical chemical burn, which can also be mild, moderate or severe. Vinegar burns are most often located on the face, arms or legs.

First aid and treatment

What to do if a child takes a sip from a bottle of vinegar?

The first thing you need to do is call ambulance, be sure to inform the reason for the call. First aid is effective only within two hours from the moment of poisoning, after which it becomes very difficult to neutralize the vinegar, and swelling of the internal organs occurs.

What can be done to provide assistance before doctors arrive if a child drank vinegar?

Help with poisoning before the arrival of doctors is not difficult, but it can somewhat improve the patient’s condition and will allow you to avoid severe consequences. To do this, rinse your mouth thoroughly several times. Almagel solution or burnt magnesia will help neutralize vinegar. You can give the victim a little vegetable oil, which will partially alleviate the inflammation.

Is it possible to induce vomiting in a child to neutralize acetic acid?

Washing using the common “two fingers in the mouth” method is unacceptable. Only the probe can be used. If the arrival of doctors is not expected soon, you should do the rinsing yourself. You need to buy a probe, a heating pad, and ten packs of Almagel at the pharmacy. The procedure is very painful, so strong analgesics will be required, which are best administered intramuscularly or intravenously. You should not rinse your stomach if vinegar poisoning occurred more than two hours ago.

Poisoning by acetic acid vapor (for example, if a woman “inhaled” the substance while cleaning) also requires immediate medical intervention, but minor skin burns can be treated at home.

First aid is to rinse the affected area under running water room temperature, make a compress using antiseptic agents. Do not lubricate the damaged area with oil, iodine, alcohol or brilliant green, or open the resulting blisters yourself.

Recovery diet for vinegar poisoning

Treatment for vinegar poisoning involves special diet, which avoids additional damage to irritated mucous membranes. If the patient refuses to eat or has no swallowing reflex, nutrition is administered through a tube.

The diet should include the consumption of large quantities of soups (without seasonings), oatmeal, buckwheat or rice porridge with water, pureed meat, lungs steam omelettes. It is good to eat a lot of fermented milk products. Completely excluded sour fruits, berries, smoking, alcoholic and carbonated drinks, coffee and cocoa.

Prevention of poisoning

Main preventative measure– extreme caution when using acetic acid at home and storing it out of the reach of children. Acetic acid, table vinegar or essence should be in tightly closed containers with a sticker or the inscription “poison”.

If the house smells of vinegar after cleaning, you need to open the windows - the smell will quickly disappear. Do not allow the substance to come into contact with the skin; you should always work with aggressive cleaning agents while wearing rubber gloves.

Acetic acid poisoning is life-threatening. Accidental or intentional use of the substance causes burns to the mucous membrane, severe intoxication of the body, and swelling of the respiratory tract.

Symptoms of poisoning depend on the amount and concentration of vinegar. If vinegar essence (30-80%) is drunk, a person experiences a painful shock, he cannot breathe, swallow, and loses consciousness. Bloody vomiting may occur. With a small amount of table vinegar drunk (3-9%), a strong burning sensation in the throat, pain in the stomach, weakness occurs, the poisoned person’s consciousness becomes confused, the voice becomes hoarse, and difficulties arise with breathing and swallowing.

You need to act very quickly. First of all, we call an ambulance. Then the person needs to be given some water to rinse his mouth. Place the victim on their side to avoid vomit entering the respiratory tract. It is strictly forbidden to rinse the stomach on your own or induce vomiting.

Acetic acid

Acetic acid is flammable colorless liquid With pungent odor. It is obtained by acetic acid fermentation of ethyl alcohol.

Exist different types vinegars:

glacial acetic acid (concentration almost 100%);
vinegar essence (30-80%);
table vinegar (3, 6, 9, 12%).

The substance is used in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Table vinegar (apple, grape) is found in almost every home. Indispensable for preservation - most marinades are prepared on its basis. Some housewives use vinegar as a disinfectant and odor remover.

When acetic acid enters the human body, it causes a chemical burn to the esophageal mucosa and disrupts the functioning of internal organs - the liver, kidneys, stomach and others. If help is not provided in a timely manner and treatment is not started, the poisoned person may die.

Clinical picture of poisoning

Vinegar poisoning can be fatal within the first 5 days. Surviving patients become disabled (in 99% of cases).

The clinical picture is usually as follows:

The first 5-10 days. The so-called acute period. The victim feels unbearable pain in the mouth, throat and lower esophagus. Damage to the vocal cords leads to hoarseness and loss of voice. Salivation increases and the swallowing reflex is impaired. Periodically, vomiting occurs, often mixed with scarlet blood. Vapors of acetic acid, penetrating the respiratory tract, cause swelling, difficulty breathing, and pneumonia.
30 days. If the victim survives, then after the acute period he general state improves - the pain subsides, he begins to drink and eat on his own. There are no scars yet, but there is a rejection of dead (burnt) tissue. This process is dangerous due to perforation of the walls of the esophagus, bleeding, infection, and the development of pneumonia.
2-4 months - 3 years. During this period, the damaged tissue is replaced by connective (scar) tissue. As a result, the esophagus becomes narrowed (stricture), and its ability to contract and stretch is lost. The swallowing reflex is disrupted, food ceases to be digested properly. Late symptoms of vinegar poisoning: heartburn, increased salivation, putrid smell from the mouth, belching, vomiting, discomfort and pain in the stomach.

The first signs of poisoning

The first thing that indicates poisoning with acetic acid is the characteristic smell of vomit from the victim’s mouth and a sharp cutting pain in the throat. When inhaling vapors, a runny nose occurs, headache, burning in the nasopharynx, dizziness, sometimes vomiting. Depending on the severity of vinegar poisoning, the following symptoms are observed:

swelling of the throat;
confusion, loss of consciousness;
pressure drop;
skin cold to the touch;
swallowing disorder;
increased salivation;
difficulty wheezing;
severe pain syndrome;
tachycardia;
vomit;
the appearance of blood in urine, feces, vomit;
paroxysmal cough;
lack of appetite;
hoarseness;
decreased or absent urination;
black color of stool.

Severity

The severity of poisoning can be affected by the age of the patient, the general condition of the body, the simultaneous intake of other toxic substances, the speed of assistance, the concentration and amount of acetic acid.

There are three degrees of severity:

Easy. It is observed when swallowing 5-10 ml of table vinegar or inhaling vinegar fumes. Characterized by a burn of the oral mucosa, nasopharynx, upper sections esophagus. Does not cause serious consequences.
Average. This degree is characterized by severe burns of the mucous membranes of the mouth, esophagus, and stomach. The poisoned person's urine turns pink, vomiting and confusion occur. Complications develop in the form of acidosis, hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, and moderate blood thickening. Requires hospitalization and long-term treatment.
Heavy. Accompanied by severe pain in the epigastric region, behind the sternum, repeated vomiting, staining of urine scarlet or dark red. The victim may lose consciousness. Without assistance, death occurs from painful shock or acute renal failure.

Poisoning with vinegar essence is the most severe: the lethal dose of 70% concentrate is 308 mg/kg; To die, an adult man only needs to drink 40 ml of the substance.

Poisoning from vinegar vapors is less dangerous. With short-term exposure to a toxic substance, only the nasopharyngeal mucosa is affected, and mild intoxication of the body may occur. Usually after a few days the victim’s condition returns to normal. With prolonged exposure to vinegar fumes, gastritis (inflammation of the gastric mucosa) develops.

First aid

In a critical situation, it is important to calm down and stop panicking. The life of the victim depends on the correctness and speed of action.

First aid for acetic acid poisoning:

Call an ambulance.
If the poisoned person has not lost consciousness, let him rinse his mouth with water. Only after this can the poisoned person be given a small amount of liquid to drink (milk, water, mucous decoction).
Ice can be used for pain relief. It should be applied to the stomach and allowed to be swallowed in small pieces (after cleansing the mouth). If you have the drug Almagel A in your first aid kit, you can give the victim 2 measuring spoons.
If a person is unconscious, you should check his pulse and breathing. If necessary, you should unbutton the shirt and, tilting the victim’s head back, do artificial respiration mouth to nose and perform a heart massage. To do this, you need to sharply blow air into your nose 2 times, then sharply press on your chest 15 times (12 seconds), again 2 vigorous blows (3 seconds), 15 heart compressions. Continue resuscitation measures until the ambulance arrives.
To prevent ingestion of vomit, the poisoned person should be thrown over his knee with his stomach down or laid on his side.

What you should not do if you are poisoned by vinegar:

give the victim plenty of water;
give vomiting agents;
induce vomiting with fingers;
Give a solution of soda and water or other folk remedies.

Treatment

The ambulance immediately hospitalizes the injured person. If the patient is in a serious, unconscious condition, then he is sent to the department intensive care where they spend resuscitation measures. For the remaining patients, upon arrival, the stomach is washed through a tube with 10 liters of water. Next, treatment is carried out aimed at restoring the damaged mucosa, relieving symptoms, preventing complications and normalizing organ functions.

The patient may be prescribed:

painkillers;
antibiotics;
antispasmodics;
glutargic acid;
hormonal drugs;
stimulation of urination with alkalization of blood;
hemodialysis;
transfusion of blood components.

At first, meals are provided parenterally(via injections nutrients). Almagel is prescribed orally for tissue regeneration, sea buckthorn oil. After 3 weeks, if necessary, bougienage of the esophagus is performed (restoring patency). If it is established that there was a deliberate attempt to poison oneself (for the purpose of suicide), the victim is registered with a psychiatrist. After treatment, he is prescribed a course of psychological rehabilitation.

In case of poisoning by acetic acid vapor, the victim is prescribed peach or apricot oil instilled into the nose. It is also necessary to take a drug with anti-inflammatory and antibronchoconstrictor activity (Erespal and its analogues).

Vinegar poisoning never goes away without a trace - even with successful and timely treatment, the structure of the mucous membrane changes in patients. Subsequently, diseases of the digestive system develop - gastritis, esophagitis, disturbances of the acid-base balance, protein metabolism, etc. To avoid poisoning with acetic acid, preventive measures should be taken. Dangerous liquids must be kept out of the reach of children. If you are suicidal, you should visit a psychiatrist.

Vinegar is a universal product used in Food Industry and cooking, in chemical production and in everyday life. Vinegar poisoning is rare, since the product is not consumed in its pure form. As a rule, such cases are associated with a suicide attempt, when an amount of a substance is taken orally significantly higher than the safe values. As a result, an extensive chemical burn occurs at the points of contact of acetic acid with the gastrointestinal tract and skin, which can be fatal.

Pure acetic acid is a colorless liquid with a suffocating odor. When exposed to the tissue of the human body, the substance leaves burns, and you can also easily become poisoned by inhaling its vapors. A dose of 15 ml is considered lethal for oral administration, at which in most cases the help is ineffective. In medicine, acetic acid burns of internal organs are compared to 30% of skin burns. If the substance gets inside, the most severe symptoms of damage occur in the esophagus and stomach, and the intestines are much less vulnerable.

Complications and their dangers

After poisoning with vinegar massive intravascular hemolysis often occurs, causing acute renal failure, a type of hemoglobinuric excretory nephrosis. After poisoning, anuria occurs, which rapidly progresses: following the release of a small volume dark urine, its production decreases and stops. Pain appears in the lower back, and on days 3-5 all typical symptoms uremia.

With anuria, most of the hemoglobin found in the plasma in the urine is not excreted, but turns into indirect bilirubin, giving the sclera and skin a yellow color. Although the state of renal failure due to vinegar poisoning can be cured, its occurrence is the main cause of death of the patient after recovery from the state of acidosis and shock.

Severe poisoning often causes sudden changes in blood clotting.

The strength of the negative effects of acid directly depends on the concentration and amount of vinegar, as well as the length of time during which the victim will receive help. The most dangerous consequence is death, which occurs for the following reasons:

For large blood losses after vascular damage.
As a result of painful shock.
With large loss of fluid (including lymph).
When the structure changes and destruction of red blood cells.
When exposed to toxic vinegar fumes.
As a result of the formation of plaques from cell breakdown products inside the vessels.
With complete kidney dysfunction.

Severe vinegar poisoning is very difficult. If first aid is not immediately provided and treatment is not started, the victim may not be saved. Thus, most patients die in the first 2 days from burn shock, and after 3-5 days from liver dystrophy and renal failure.

Clinical picture of poisoning

The consequences of acetic acid poisoning represent an alternation of the following periods:

Spicy. It lasts 5-10 days, during which the victim feels severe pain in the mouth, throat, and then along the entire length of the esophagus. There is significant salivation, the swallowing reflex is impaired, and reflex vomiting occurs. Damage to the larynx and vocal cords causes consequences in the form of hoarseness. Filling of the respiratory tract with acid vapor causes difficulty breathing, swelling and inflammation of the lungs.
Imaginary well-being. Lasts up to 1 month, and is marked by an improvement in the condition of the survivor. Painful symptoms decrease, the patency of the esophagus is gradually restored. There is no scar formation yet. The danger of the period lies in the rejection of dead tissue, which can cause perforation of the esophagus and bleeding. An infection can enter the wound and cause purulent inflammation. Possible death if pneumonia develops.
Formation of stricture (narrowing of the esophagus). It begins to appear after 2-4 months. after poisoning and lasts 2-3 years. It is characterized by the replacement of granulation tissue with dense connective tissue, which prevents the esophagus from contracting and stretching. Cicatricial constrictions form, the symptoms of which manifest themselves in impaired swallowing. Over time, the sensation goes from mild to excruciating in the form of pain and heaviness behind the sternum. Food above the constriction stagnates, due to which it is not digested and decomposes. The patient has heartburn, copious discharge saliva, belching, bad breath. From time to time the patient vomits food debris from the esophagus.
Late complications. Leftover food rots and aggravates esophagitis, involving adjacent organs in the process - lungs, pleura, trachea. Chronic inflammation and lack of nutrition cause the patient to lose weight. Loss of elasticity of the esophagus is dangerous due to the possibility of its rupture, and constantly leaking inflammatory process may end in cancer.

Stages

The severity of poisoning can be roughly divided into next stages:

The first or mild, which is characterized by a small burn of the esophagus and oral mucosa. Its consequences are not great danger for health, as they do not cause hemolysis, blood thickening and hemoglobinuria.
The average is characterized by a more pronounced severity of burns of the mucous membranes and stomach, and a moderate development of resorptive phenomena. The development of hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, pink color of urine, acidosis and slight thickening of the blood is observed.
Severe degree of poisoning has serious consequences in the form of vomiting with blood, pain under the sternum and in the epigastrium. Hemoglobinuria, severe acidosis and massive hemolysis develop. The blood thickens noticeably, and the hemoglobin concentration increases.

Shock reactions

After acid enters the body, a chemical burn occurs, causing areas of deep tissue necrosis. The process is characterized by loss of fluid, destruction of vessel walls, bleeding and severe pain. At this stage, the following shock reactions occur:

Painful.
Hemorrhagic.
Hypovolemic.

Any of them can be fatal for a short time. With shock, a drop in pressure is observed, changes occur in the functioning of the heart and consciousness, and the skin becomes cold.

Treatment

The consequences of vinegar poisoning can be minimized provided that first aid is provided to the victim correctly and in a timely manner, and the patient is immediately taken to the clinic. After discharge from it, the patient will need a lot of time and effort to restore the functions of the digestive system.

First aid

Providing independent first aid to a victim with signs of acid poisoning is almost impossible, since the peculiarity of this event is the use of narcotic drugs to achieve a strong analgesic effect. But before the ambulance arrives, you can ease the suffering a little by laying the person on his side, but so that prevent him from choking on vomit, and preventing the repeated effect on the esophagus of vomiting when moving back into the stomach.

Next, the person needs to lavage the stomach using a special gastric tube, but only a specialist with the necessary skills can perform such a procedure. Cleaning the stomach by drinking water and inducing vomiting is strictly prohibited, as this will further aggravate the symptoms and cause corrosion of the mucous membranes, repeated burns, intoxication and bleeding.

It is also impossible to use a soda solution, since the resulting carbon dioxide irritates the epithelium and increases the intensity of lesions.

Medical assistance

Poisoning with vinegar essence, like any chemical burn, requires medical care in a clinical setting- intensive care unit. Treatment in all cases is strictly individual, and depends on the dose of acid, its concentration, the depth of the lesion, and the age of the victim. Assistance is provided according to the following standard scheme:

Gastric lavage and cleansing of the gastrointestinal tract.
Plasma infusion.
Administration of sodium bicarbonate.
Treatment with hormonal drugs.
Supportive and medical assistance affected organs.
Physiotherapeutic procedures.
Preventive measures to avoid complications.

When carrying out therapeutic measures after vinegar poisoning, in addition to gastric lavage, antibiotics, painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed. If purulent processes develop, surgery may be performed.

Be sure to watch the video on this topic. Not recommended for the faint of heart

Recovery and prevention

After first aid, patients with poisoning admitted to the intensive care unit or intensive care unit where they take place long-term treatment followed by a recovery period. At first there will be strict restrictions on food intake until the stomach and esophagus are restored. Nutrition is administered to the patient parenterally. If the swallowing process is impaired, food is administered using gastrostomy tubes, and starting from the 7th week, bougienage is prescribed.

Prevention of acetic acid poisoning is: strict observance rules for storing and using the substance at home. The acid is stored in a hermetically sealed, labeled container out of the reach of children, and is used in full accordance with the safety rules for handling the relevant substances.

Most victims of acetic acid die within the first month. Those who survive remain disabled and live in agony for the rest of their lives.

Vinegar essence is commercially available and can be used in everyday life, but the sad consequences of ingesting this substance should motivate you not to purchase or store vinegar at home with a concentration of more than 9%.

Acetic acid poisoning is life-threatening. Accidental or intentional use of the substance causes burns to the mucous membrane, severe intoxication of the body, and swelling of the respiratory tract.

You need to act very quickly. First of all, we call an ambulance. Then the person needs to be given some water to rinse his mouth. Place the victim on their side to avoid vomit entering the respiratory tract. It is strictly forbidden to rinse the stomach on your own or induce vomiting.

Acetic acid

Acetic acid is a flammable, colorless liquid with a pungent odor. It is obtained by acetic acid fermentation of ethyl alcohol.

There are different types of vinegars:

glacial acetic acid (concentration almost 100%);
vinegar essence (30-80%);
table vinegar (3, 6, 9, 12%).

Clinical picture of poisoning

Vinegar poisoning can be fatal within the first 5 days. Surviving patients become disabled (in 99% of cases).

The clinical picture is usually as follows:

The first 5-10 days. The so-called acute period. The victim feels unbearable pain in the mouth, throat and lower esophagus. Damage to the vocal cords leads to hoarseness and loss of voice. Salivation increases and the swallowing reflex is impaired. Periodically, vomiting occurs, often mixed with scarlet blood. Vapors of acetic acid, penetrating the respiratory tract, cause swelling, difficulty breathing, and pneumonia.
30 days. If the victim survives, then after the acute period his general condition improves - the pain subsides, he begins to drink and eat on his own. There are no scars yet, but there is a rejection of dead (burnt) tissue. This process is dangerous due to perforation of the walls of the esophagus, bleeding, infection, and the development of pneumonia.
2-4 months - 3 years. During this period, the damaged tissue is replaced by connective (scar) tissue. As a result, the esophagus becomes narrowed (stricture), and its ability to contract and stretch is lost. The swallowing reflex is disrupted, food ceases to be digested properly. Late symptoms of vinegar poisoning: heartburn, increased salivation, putrid breath, belching, vomiting, discomfort and stomach pain.

The first signs of poisoning

The first thing that indicates poisoning with acetic acid is the characteristic smell of vomit from the victim’s mouth and a sharp cutting pain in the throat. When inhaling vapors, a runny nose, headache, burning sensation in the nasopharynx, dizziness, and sometimes vomiting occur. Depending on the severity of vinegar poisoning, the following symptoms are observed:

Severity

There are three degrees of severity:

Easy. It is observed when swallowing 5-10 ml of table vinegar or inhaling vinegar fumes. It is characterized by a burn of the mucous membrane of the mouth, nasopharynx, and upper parts of the esophagus. Does not cause serious consequences.
Average. This degree is characterized by severe burns of the mucous membranes of the mouth, esophagus, and stomach. The poisoned person's urine turns pink, vomiting and confusion occur. Complications develop in the form of acidosis, hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, and moderate blood thickening. Requires hospitalization and long-term treatment.
Heavy. Accompanied by severe pain in the epigastric region, behind the sternum, repeated vomiting, staining of urine scarlet or dark red. The victim may lose consciousness. Without assistance, death occurs from painful shock or acute renal failure.

Poisoning with vinegar essence

Poisoning with vinegar essence is the most severe: the lethal dose of 70% concentrate is 308 mg/kg; To die, an adult man only needs to drink 40 ml of the substance.

First aid

In a critical situation, it is important to calm down and stop panicking. The life of the victim depends on the correctness and speed of action.

First aid for acetic acid poisoning:

Call an ambulance.
If the poisoned person has not lost consciousness, let him rinse his mouth with water. Only after this can the poisoned person be given a small amount of liquid to drink (milk, water, mucous decoction).
Ice can be used for pain relief. It should be applied to the stomach and allowed to be swallowed in small pieces (after cleansing the mouth). If you have the drug Almagel A in your first aid kit, you can give the victim 2 measuring spoons.
If a person is unconscious, you should check his pulse and breathing. If necessary, you should unbutton the shirt and, tilting the victim's head back, perform mouth-to-nose artificial respiration and perform a cardiac massage. To do this, you need to sharply blow air into your nose 2 times, then sharply press on your chest 15 times (12 seconds), again 2 vigorous blows (3 seconds), 15 heart compressions. Continue resuscitation measures until the ambulance arrives.
To prevent ingestion of vomit, the poisoned person should be thrown over his knee with his stomach down or laid on his side.

What you should not do if you are poisoned by vinegar:

give the victim plenty of water;
give vomiting agents;
induce vomiting with fingers;
Give a solution of soda and water or other folk remedies.

Treatment

First aid for vinegar poisoning

The ambulance immediately hospitalizes the injured person. If the patient is in a serious, unconscious condition, then he is sent to the intensive care unit, where resuscitation measures are carried out. For the remaining patients, upon arrival, the stomach is washed through a tube with 10 liters of water. Next, treatment is carried out aimed at restoring the damaged mucosa, relieving symptoms, preventing complications and normalizing organ functions.

The patient may be prescribed:

painkillers;
antibiotics;
antispasmodics;
glutargic acid;
hormonal drugs;
stimulation of urination with alkalization of blood;
hemodialysis;
transfusion of blood components.

At first, nutrition is provided parenterally (through injections of nutrients). Almagel and sea buckthorn oil are prescribed orally for tissue regeneration. After 3 weeks, if necessary, bougienage of the esophagus is performed (restoring patency). If it is established that there was a deliberate attempt to poison oneself (for the purpose of suicide), the victim is registered with a psychiatrist. After treatment, he is prescribed a course of psychological rehabilitation.

obotravlenii.ru

Acetic acid poisoning: symptoms, first aid

Vinegar is a product often used in everyday life. But it is very dangerous, especially when entering human body in its purest form. Therefore, you need to know as much as possible about acetic acid poisoning: symptoms, first aid, consequences, severity, what to do in case of poisoning, etc.

In the kitchen, housewives mainly use table vinegar - this is a 6 or 9 percent solution of ethanoic acid. But some sometimes choose 70-80% vinegar essence, from which a product of the desired concentration is subsequently made.

Acetic acid poisoning is not a very common occurrence, but it has serious negative consequences for the body. Consumption of even a small amount can lead to disability or death. Only 15 ml taken orally is considered fatal. The main reason for this is severe burns of the respiratory organs and digestive system, mainly the stomach, due to the release of a large amount of toxic fumes.

Vinegar poisoning occurs more often due to its greater prevalence in everyday use. However, although it is harmful to health, the concentration of essence in it is much less. That's why lethal dose This product for an adult is considered to be 200 ml.

The main cause of poisoning is carelessness. Most often among the victims are inquisitive young children who cannot read and try to taste everything. Therefore, it is recommended to store such products that are dangerous to health and life out of the reach of children.

Another category of people who use vinegar through negligence are alcohol drinkers and drunkards. Sometimes their desire to “take it to the breast” is so strong that they don’t even notice the characteristic smell and drink clear liquid from the bottle without thinking about the possible consequences.

The reason why poisoning with vinegar essence occurs may also be the desire to die. However, it is necessary to understand that this method is very painful, accompanied by unpleasant, dire consequences, and the desired result does not come immediately, causing you to suffer and suffer. And sometimes suicides remain alive, but after the events they experience they become disabled.

Vinegar poisoning leads to the most disastrous consequences and causes the following symptoms:

Specific smell.
Severe pain.
Vomiting with clots and blood.
Diarrhea with bleeding.
Acidosis.
Hemolysis of red blood cells.
Blood thickening.
Kidney failure.
Jaundice.
Burn shock.
Hemoglobinuria.
The appearance of scars, ulcers.
Deterioration of blood clotting.
Liver damage.

Sometimes there is even poisoning from vinegar vapors. A pungent, unpleasant, pungent odor is usually characterized by the following symptoms:

cough;
runny nose;
lacrimation;
chest pain;
difficulty breathing;
development of tracheobronchitis, pulmonitis.

Mild - characterized by non-serious burns of the oral cavity and esophagus, minor damage to the stomach, without blood clotting, hemolysis and hemoglobinuria. Does not pose a health hazard.
Medium, having a more negative effect on the body. In addition to serious burns in the mouth, the stomach is severely affected, resorptive processes develop, the blood thickens, the color of urine changes, acidosis, hemolysis, and hemoglobinuria are observed.
Severe, in which a person develops severe acidosis, hemoglobinuria, hemolysis, the blood thickens very strongly, unbearable pain in the chest and epigastrium appears, renal failure, and vomiting of blood begins. The upper respiratory tract, oral cavity, and digestive tract are seriously burned. Often the victim dies.

Death from vinegar poisoning can occur for a number of reasons:

pain shock;
large fluid losses;
large blood losses due to vascular damage;
acidity disorder;
exposure to toxic essence vapors;
kidney dysfunction;
formation of cell breakdown products in blood vessels;
change in the structure and destruction of red blood cells;
malnutrition of vital organs.

Acute – a period during which the victim experiences severe, unbearable pain in the mouth, larynx, and esophagus. It lasts from 5 to 10 days. At this time, the patient experiences increased salivation, impaired swallowing reflex, often vomiting, and hoarseness. Due to acid vapors entering the respiratory tract, breathing difficulties, swelling and even pneumonia may occur.
Improvement of condition. This period lasts about a month and is characterized by a decrease in pain symptoms, restoration of the esophagus, and absence of scars. However, in most cases, this is only an imaginary well-being, followed by the rejection of dead tissue, leading to piercing the esophagus and, accordingly, bleeding. In turn, infection can get into the wounds and cause suppuration.
Narrowing of the esophagus. This process begins 2-4 months after accidental or intentional use of acetic acid and continues for two to three years. During this period, granulation tissue changes to dense connective tissue, which does not allow the esophagus to stretch or narrow. Cicatricial constrictions begin to form, accompanied by impaired swallowing function. It becomes more and more difficult for a person to eat food, the pain becomes stronger and more painful. In a place just above the narrowing, food passes through poorly, stagnates, which means it is not digested and begins to decompose over time. All this is accompanied by such unpleasant symptoms as bad breath, heartburn, belching, increased salivation, and sometimes even vomiting with food debris.
Late complications are the period when the organs adjacent to the esophagus - trachea, lungs, pleura - begin to suffer from rotting food. Poor nutrition and inflammation lead to the victim losing weight. He may develop cancer. And poor elasticity of the esophagus often leads to its rupture.

Competent, timely first aid provided for acetic acid poisoning can minimize negative consequences. The main thing in such a situation is to immediately call an ambulance and try to relieve the pain.

The victim should be placed on his side to prevent him from choking on the vomit. But, in no case should you provoke vomiting yourself, since the contents of the stomach further harm the esophagus, burn, corrode the mucous membranes, and can cause intoxication and bleeding.

Emergency care for poisoning with vinegar essence consists of gastric lavage and cleansing of the gastrointestinal tract using a special probe. It is carried out only by an experienced specialist. After such a procedure, the victim is administered narcotic or non-narcotic analgesics: analgin, promedol and others, and he is hospitalized for further treatment.

Video: what happens if you drink vinegar?

Hospitalization is a mandatory procedure for everyone who has had contact with vinegar essence. After a thorough and most detailed examination of the patient’s condition, the doctor prescribes treatment, which, as a rule, consists of the use of antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Recovery of the body occurs slowly and requires various measures:

Use of sodium bicarbonate for acidosis.
Carrying out diuresis to alkalize the blood.
Use of antibacterial drugs to prevent infection.
Prescription of medications (stabizol, reformam) to eliminate burn shock and spasm.
Using hormonal drugs to prevent narrowing of the esophagus.
Intravenous administration of glucose-novocaine mixture to reduce pain.
Transfusion of fresh frozen plasma if toxic coagulopathy is observed.
Prescriptions of glutarginic acid for detecting liver damage.
Parenteral nutrition is mandatory, especially in severe burn conditions.

Vinegar is a dangerous product that causes irreparable harm to the body. Always taste and drink liquids in bottles found in the kitchen with caution to protect yourself from negative consequences. If you decide to take your own life in this way, you must understand that this will be a very painful process, you will die in agony and not immediately.

otravleniehelp.ru

What to do if you are poisoned by vinegar and its vapors?

Vinegar (acetic essence or acid) is stored in the kitchen of almost every housewife. It is used in households for pickling, canning, baking or as a cleaning agent. In this case, the concentration of the solution depends on the scope of its use.

Poisoning with vinegar essence can occur due to careless handling of the substance or occur intentionally (for example, taking vinegar for the purpose of suicide). This condition poses a serious danger to human health, pathological process may result in dire consequences, including death.

This article will examine in detail whether it is possible to be poisoned by vinegar, what symptoms appear, and how this condition can end.

How does vinegar affect the body?

When consumed internally, acetic essence (acid) has both local and general resorptive effects.

local exposure provokes chemical burns of the mucous surface of organs digestive tract, their swelling and inflammation;
the general resorptive effect is associated with the ability of acetic acid to be quickly absorbed into the blood, which causes hemolysis (disintegration) of red blood cells. This leads to the formation of hematin hydrochloride crystals in the acidic renal environment, clogging the renal tubules. All this provokes development serious illnesses kidney

Hemolysis of red blood cells also leads to disruption of the blood coagulation system. In fact, when poisoning with vinegar, a burn disease develops.

Is death possible?

A 9% concentration of table vinegar in a small amount will not cause serious harm. But large dosages and use of a solution of 30% or more can lead to serious consequences. In some cases, even lethal escape is possible.

The following complications are fatal in case of acetic acid poisoning:

active effect of the substance on tissue, causing the development of painful shock;
loss of large amounts of fluid and internal bleeding;
violation of the acidic environment in the body;
dysfunction of the renal system;
abnormalities in liver function caused by blockage of blood vessels;
damage to vital systems and organs.

Severity of poisoning

Vinegar poisoning can have varying degrees of severity. It all depends on the amount of dangerous substance that enters the body.

Experts distinguish 3 degrees of severity of vinegar intoxication:

mild - develops when consuming 15-40 ml of vinegar solution;
medium – occurs after taking 40-70 ml of the substance;
severe - occurs after about 70-250 ml enters the body. acetic acid.

Symptoms of poisoning

Symptoms of vinegar poisoning are conventionally divided into two groups:

initial;
resorptive.

Initial signs include:

numerous chemical burns of the mucous surface of the oral cavity, larynx, and digestive tract;
acute pain in the oral cavity, in the retrosternal area and epigastrium;
repeated vomiting;
the presence of blood in the vomit;
severe abdominal pain associated with irritation of the peritoneum;
wheezing (stridor) breathing, accompanied by noise;
swelling of the larynx;
hoarseness of voice;
excessive salivation;
dyspnea;
pungent (unpleasant, chemical) odor from the mouth;
red urine.

Resorptive signs of poisoning begin to develop some time later, when the dangerous substance is absorbed into the bloodstream. These symptoms include:

development of acute nephrosis (kidney disease);
azotemia (increased levels of nitrogenous products in the blood);
anuria (lack of urine flow into the bladder);
hepatopathy (liver damage);
disruption of the hemostasis system.

First aid

Acetic acid poisoning is a pathological process that disrupts the functioning of all internal organs. To warn dangerous consequences, it is important to provide timely assistance to the victim.

Let's consider what needs to be done if symptoms of vinegar poisoning are detected:

You should rinse your mouth clean water(room temperature). This water should not be swallowed; it must be spat out.
You can put ice on the abdominal area. Cold slows down the absorption of acid into the blood plasma from the gastric mucosa. Or you should suggest that the patient chew 2-3 pieces of ice.
In case of severe pain, it is allowed to use Almagel A, which contains anesthesin.
It is strictly forbidden to wash the stomach using the “restaurant” method or give the poisoned person drugs to induce vomiting.
In no case should you take a soda solution orally, as soda and acetic acid will cause chemical reaction with the formation of large amounts of carbon dioxide. This will cause the stomach to expand and injure the digestive tract.

Features of treatment

Vinegar poisoning cannot be treated at home! It can lead to burn injuries and serious complications. Calling an ambulance - necessary condition to preserve the health of the poisoned person. In a hospital setting, the necessary treatment method will be selected, taking into account clinical picture diseases.

First of all, medical workers take the following measures:

Rinse the stomach through a tube using saline solution.
Painkillers are administered intravenously to eliminate severe pain. For example: Caver, Ketorolac, Promedol.
Antiemetics are used: Ositron, Cerucal, Metoclopromide.
Plasma or plasma-substituting solutions are administered intravenously.
Corticosteroids are used to prevent the development of severe state of shock. This could be: Dexamethasone, Prednisolone.
To replenish the volume of lost fluid and relieve symptoms of intoxication, solutions such as Disol, Trisol are administered intravenously.
For laryngeal edema, hormonal irrigation or tracheotomy is used.

Also additionally carried out:

hormone therapy;
physiotherapy;
correction of progressive deviations;
prevention of complications.

Possible consequences

1-3 hours after vinegar enters the body, 10% of those poisoned develop acute perforations (the integrity of the esophagus and stomach is compromised).

The following consequences may develop later:

gastrointestinal bleeding;
the antrum of the stomach and esophagus narrows due to rough scarring of burn sites;
pneumonia (aspiration);
chronic renal failure;
suppuration of burn injuries;
purulent inflammation of the trachea or bronchi;
gastritis chronic form;
inflammation of the esophagus;
exhaustion of the body and weight loss;
disturbance of acid-base balance and protein metabolism.

The prognosis of poisoning with a vinegar solution depends on the quality of care provided, the amount of the substance taken, as well as on the changes that have occurred in the body.

The most life-threatening period is the initial period of poisoning - the first day after vinegar enters the body, when death is possible due to exotoxic shock or peritonitis.

Prevention measures

To prevent vinegar intoxication, you must follow a number of safety rules:

If possible, do not keep (store) solutions of vinegar essence at home. It is best to immediately after purchase dilute the vinegar with water (in a ratio of 1:20) or buy ready-made table vinegar;
It is imperative to store the vinegar solution out of the reach of children, for example, on the top shelves of a kitchen cabinet;
When using vinegar solution in the process of pickling or canning food, you should strictly adhere to the recommended dosage.

If vinegar enters the body in large quantities, it poses a serious threat to human life and health. Poisoning from vinegar vapors is also dangerous. Such a pathological process can result in numerous burn injuries to the respiratory and digestive organs, as well as disrupt the functioning of the entire body. Therefore, self-medication for this type of poisoning is unacceptable! Consult a doctor – don’t make the situation worse!

poisoning.info

Vinegar poisoning - symptoms, first aid and treatment

Vinegar poisoning is a type of chemical burn that causes serious consequences for the body. Vinegar is used in the food industry, pharmaceutical production, as well as in canning and home cooking.

How does poisoning occur?

Acetic acid has a sharp, unpleasant odor and a burning taste. Currently, there are several types of acid: vinegar essence, table and food vinegar made from natural raw materials (for example, apple cider vinegar).

Most often, table vinegar is used in everyday life - in which the concentration of the main substance does not exceed 9%. Acid poisoning is classified as a chemical burn, and the method of entry into the body of the dangerous substance does not matter.

A burn is caused by drinking a large volume of table vinegar solution or a small dose of 70 percent acetic acid.

Vinegar mainly enters the body through the mouth, burning the mucous membrane, upper respiratory tract and esophagus. The consequences of an overdose can be very sad.

What leads to death:

Severe pain syndrome.
Internal bleeding.
Tissue necrosis.
Development of renal failure.

Depending on the amount of acid taken, poisoning can be of several types.

Severity of toxemia:

With a mild level of intoxication, only the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and larynx are affected. The esophagus and other internal organs remain unharmed.
The average degree of poisoning is characterized by a burn of the digestive system, the urine takes on a light pink tint.
Severe poisoning is mainly caused by 70% acetic acid. The victim begins to vomit, has difficulty breathing, in the area chest and severe pain appears in the abdomen, the urine becomes bright red. When poisoned by vinegar vapors, the organs of the respiratory system are primarily affected.

Symptoms of poisoning

Signs of vinegar poisoning are similar to chemical intoxication.

Symptoms:

Burns of the oral cavity.
Vomiting blood.
Vinegar vapors cause tearing and sneezing.
Chest pain.
Spasmodic pain in the abdomen.
Severe shortness of breath.

The timeliness of first aid provided to the victim determines his further condition and the speed of recovery.

First aid for poisoning

Vinegar poisoning mainly occurs due to the carelessness of adults and children. Children often mistake bottles with an apple on the label for lemonade and drink the contents. Apple cider vinegar is less dangerous than essence, but in large quantities it can also cause serious poisoning. What to do if someone close to you is poisoned by vinegar? First of all, you need to call an ambulance, and before the doctors arrive, try to provide first aid in case of poisoning.

First aid steps:

Gastric lavage. The digestive organs are cleansed of remnants of a dangerous substance through a probe so that the acid does not burn the esophagus again on its way back.
Gastric lavage is prohibited soda solution. As a result of the interaction of acetic acid and soda, carbon dioxide is released, which can injure the walls of the esophagus and cause internal bleeding.
Acetic acid poisoning is always accompanied by severe pain syndrome. Any analgesic can be used for pain relief.

Timely rendered primary care will avoid serious complications, and in some cases, death.

When is medical attention required?

A chemical burn from drinking vinegar requires urgent hospitalization. Children who have drunk any amount of acetic acid or inhaled its vapors must be treated in a hospital under the supervision of doctors.

Treatment of intoxication:

Elimination of chemical residues from the digestive organs.
Reducing the concentration of acid in the blood.
Water regeneration electrolyte balance in organism.
Intravenous administration of painkillers.
In case of severe burns of the larynx, the patient is fed through a tube or IV.

As with any poisoning, after intoxication with vinegar, a special diet is required.

What you are allowed to eat:

Soups with second broth.
Porridge on the water.
Boiled potatoes, rice, pasta.
Low-fat varieties meat: chicken fillet, turkey, veal.
Steam omelette.
Fermented milk products with reduced fat content.

In case of poisoning, it is forbidden to eat spicy, fried and salty foods, carbonated and alcoholic drinks, citrus fruits, chocolate, honey.

After a severe chemical burn, large scars form on the victim’s digestive organs. To eliminate them, bougienage is used - a treatment method in which special tubes of different diameters are inserted into the esophagus.

Possible consequences and prevention

The consequences of vinegar poisoning are very serious. It is impossible to completely restore the esophagus after a chemical burn; even numerous operations cannot remove all the scars from the walls of the digestive tract.

Types of complications.

Kidney failure.
Bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract intestinal tract.
Suppuration of areas affected by acid.
Swelling of the airways caused by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the larynx.
Problems eating for a long time.

The first day of the disease is considered the most dangerous - the victim may die from anaphylactic shock. The prognosis generally depends on the timeliness of first aid provided and the amount of acid consumed.

Prevention

Preventing acetic acid poisoning is quite simple - for this you need to take certain precautions.

Prevention of poisoning:

Keep vinegar out of the reach of children.
If possible, purchase table vinegar, avoiding the use of vinegar essence in everyday life.
When preparing at home, use acid according to the recipe.
After using acetic acid, it is necessary to ventilate the room.

Vinegar is a dangerous chemical that poses a threat to human life. If by accident acid poisoning occurs, it is necessary to take Urgent measures to provide first aid to the victim. Further treatment of intoxication should be carried out in a hospital under the supervision of doctors.

What happens if you drink 0.5 vinegar - video

Acetic acid, essence and table, apple or wine vinegar are widely used in everyday life and in production. At home, the universal product is used in cooking for pickling, canning, baking, as a salad dressing or in the preparation of mayonnaise and sauces. Acetic acid is also often a component of homemade cleaning mixtures and is used in cosmetology and alternative medicine. In industry, vinegar is used in the production of deodorants and detergents.

Routes of entry and lethality

Typically, acetic acid poisoning occurs through ingestion, through the skin, or through inhalation of toxic fumes.

Internal burns are common if you drink vinegar or inhale vapors for a long time. Poisoning with vinegar vapor is detrimental to the respiratory system; consumption of the substance in food accordingly affects the esophagus and digestion as a whole. Damage to the internal organs of the gastrointestinal tract or breathing of moderate severity is comparable to burns of 30% of the body surface.

The rarest cause of serious poisoning is inhalation. To “inhale” vinegar to the point of poisoning, highly concentrated acetic acid vapor is required, which can relatively rarely be obtained at home. In addition, the bite has the property of quickly disappearing.

The main risk group for this kind of poisoning is: a drinker who, while intoxicated, mistakes acetic acid for vodka, suicide, girls who want to lose weight in such a dangerous way, and children.

Can a person die from acetic acid poisoning? With severe damage to internal organs and untimely medical care, death can occur.

Death occurs after taking about 50 ml of vinegar essence or 200 ml of table vinegar. This is exactly what the lethal dose is, but the data may vary depending on the individual characteristics of the body of a particular person.

The effects of vinegar on the body

The concentration of acetic acid influences the clinical manifestations. Mild poisoning is characterized by: focal lesions of the oral cavity, a vinegar burn to the esophagus and minimal damage to internal organs.

In moderate cases, vinegar essence poisoning manifests itself with the following symptoms:

more severe burns of the oral cavity and esophagus;
entering the affected area of the stomach;
blood thickening;
sweat smells like vinegar (may be a symptom of other dangerous conditions);
hoarseness of voice;
pink color of urine.

What happens if a person drinks a lot of vinegar? Signs of severe burns of internal organs appear a short period of time after the actual poisoning.

If vinegar gets on the skin, a typical chemical burn occurs, which can also be mild, moderate or severe. Vinegar burns are most often located on the face, arms or legs.

First aid and treatment

What to do if a child takes a sip from a bottle of vinegar?

The first thing you need to do is call an ambulance, making sure to tell the reason for the call. First aid is effective only within two hours from the moment of poisoning, after which it becomes very difficult to neutralize the vinegar, and swelling of the internal organs occurs.

What can be done to provide assistance before doctors arrive if a child drank vinegar?

Help for poisoning before the arrival of doctors is not difficult, but it can somewhat improve the patient’s condition and avoid serious consequences. To do this, rinse your mouth thoroughly several times. Almagel solution or burnt magnesia will help neutralize vinegar. You can give the victim a little vegetable oil, which will partially alleviate the inflammation.

Is it possible to induce vomiting in a child to neutralize acetic acid?

Poisoning by acetic acid vapor (for example, if a woman “inhaled” the substance while cleaning) also requires immediate medical intervention, but minor skin burns can be treated at home.

First aid is to rinse the affected area under running water at room temperature and make a compress using antiseptic agents. Do not lubricate the damaged area with oil, iodine, alcohol or brilliant green, or open the resulting blisters yourself.

Recovery diet for vinegar poisoning

Treatment for vinegar poisoning involves a special diet that avoids additional damage to irritated mucous membranes. If the patient refuses to eat or has no swallowing reflex, nutrition is administered through a tube.

The diet should include the consumption of large quantities of soups (without seasonings), oatmeal, buckwheat or rice porridge with water, pureed meat, and light steam omelettes. It is good to eat a lot of fermented milk products. Sour fruits, berries, smoking, alcoholic and carbonated drinks, coffee and cocoa are completely excluded.

Prevention of poisoning

The main preventive measure is extreme caution when using acetic acid at home and storing it out of the reach of children. Acetic acid, table vinegar or essence should be in tightly closed containers with a sticker or the inscription “poison”.