Allergy is a disease of the immune system that is hereditary and manifests itself by the body’s high sensitivity to various substances called “allergens.” These can include anything, but sometimes vitamins are also allergens. Such an allergy can be food, which is explained by eating foods that contain one or another vitamin to which a person has an allergic reaction. There are 2 types of vitamin allergies:
- Food – resulting from the consumption of vitamins with food. For example, as a result of eating a citrus fruit, an allergy to vitamin C occurs;
- Contact – occurs when using vitamin-containing creams, ointments or other external agents.
Allergy symptoms
The symptoms of an allergic reaction to vitamins are very similar to the signs food allergies. Which include:
- Labored breathing;
- Fatigue;
- Headache;
- Runny nose for no reason;
- Cardiopalmus;
- Skin reactions - redness, swelling, blisters, rashes;
- Sneezing and coughing;
- Swelling of the lips and larynx;
- May appear severe symptoms, in the form of asthma attacks and Quincke's edema.
The sinuses, which swell and enlarge due to a rush of blood, first react to allergies. As a result, a person has difficulty breathing, dizziness and severe headaches.
Intestinal manifestations often occur, which may result in diarrhea, nausea, cramping and bloating. Swelling of the soft tissues of the neck and face should be taken seriously. If swelling occurs, you should immediately take an antihistamine and call ambulance.
Causes of the disease
The cause of an allergy to vitamins may be a hereditary factor, in which the risk of getting sick increases from 20-80%. If a child is often sick in childhood, the immune system malfunctions, which can affect the development of the disease in the future. An important role is played by hygienic living conditions, harmful ecology and exposure to chemicals on the body, as well as diseases of the intestines, liver and nervous system.
Provoke the onset of disease following reasons:
- Allergy to vitamin C - manifests itself as a result of a deficiency in the body of the enzyme - glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase;
- Reaction to vitamin D - occurs when an overdose of this substance;
- Allergies to B vitamins and vitamin E also occur as a result of an overdose.
Of the above vitamins, the most dangerous is B1. After taking it in excess, disruption of the normal functioning of the kidneys and liver may occur.
Doctors have noted that allergies mainly occur as a result of taking multivitamin complexes.
At high concentration vitamins, the occurrence of pseudo allergic reactions. The disease can also occur due to consumption complex vitamins, which contain copper, iron and metal salts, as well as sweeteners, flavors and food coloring. Therefore, the choice of an effective and safe multivitamin complex comes first for people prone to the disease.
Allergic reaction to vitamins
Vitamin E
An allergy to vitamin E often manifests itself as contact dermatitis, which spreads to areas of the skin that came into contact with the allergen. Symptoms are characterized by redness of the skin with the subsequent formation of blisters filled with a clear or yellowish liquid. Areas of skin that did not come into contact with element E remain undamaged.
When taking element E orally, intestinal upset may occur, which happens in rare cases, since in general it is harmless and is prescribed even to infants.
Vitamin C
An allergy to vitamin C manifests itself immediately after its penetration into the body in any way: with food, intravenously or intramuscularly, in the form of drugs. A reaction to vitamin C may manifest itself as:
- Swelling;
- Itching;
- Redness of the skin;
- Tingling;
- Intestinal upset, even up to anaphylactic shock.
People with an allergy to vitamin C should be careful when taking medications, study the instructions, and also adhere to a diet.
Vitamin D
An allergy to vitamin D is quite rare, since the human body produces it itself as a result of exposure to sunlight on the skin. This element is necessary for the body, especially for children. infancy for the prevention of rickets. They are prescribed the drug D3, from 1 month of life, 1 drop per day.
After taking D3 in a dose greater than prescribed, severe allergic reactions may occur. Vitamin D3 takes part in the construction bone tissue, so you can’t completely give it up, but you need to consult a doctor about the dosage of taking it. Typically, an allergy to vitamin D occurs after excessive consumption of foods containing it, which include:
- Milk products;
- Mushrooms;
- Chicken eggs;
- Fish roe;
- Parsley and others;
Symptoms appear as:
- Khripov;
- Difficulty breathing;
- Chest pain;
- Itching in the ears, eyes;
- Sensation of a dense lump in the lungs.
Sometimes skin redness, rashes and eczema may appear. Treatment in this case must be carried out strictly under the supervision of a doctor, since this element significantly affects the full functioning of the entire body.
B vitamins
Allergies to B vitamins are quite common. Group b includes a lot of elements, but the following are most prone to developing allergies:
- B1 (thiamine);
- B6 (pyridoxine);
- B12 (cyanocobalamin).
These elements are important components in the life of the body. The most dangerous of this group is B1. The role of element B1 in the body is to release energy from food. Symptoms of an allergic reaction to drug B1 are caused by malfunctions of the kidneys and liver. Drug B1 also activates the effects of acetylcholine, which increases allergy symptoms.
Allergy to vitamin B6 occurs as a result of an overdose of the drug or when widely used products containing B6, in combination with this vitamin. Element B6 is especially abundant in walnuts, citrus fruits, vegetables, grain sprouts, strawberries and bananas. Symptoms of an allergy to B6 manifest themselves in the form of urticaria and severe itching, tingling in the extremities with possible loss of sensitivity. As a result of an overdose, blood circulation is also impaired.
Drug B6 is necessary for the normal functioning of the peripheral nervous system, and it also takes part in the synthesis of protein, hemoglobin, enzymes, catecholamines, and many others. Due to its many functions in the body, B6 is an essential element for humans. To avoid allergic reactions to B6, you need to control your diet, avoiding an overdose of the drug.
An allergy to the element B12 occurs, as in the case of B6, as a result of an overdose. Vitamin B12 plays main role in the regulation of hematopoietic organs. Mental and cognitive abilities depend on it, so this element B12 is needed by school-age children. But its consumption should not exceed the norm, no matter what provokes an allergy.
In case of an overdose of B12, an allergy may occur, the symptoms of which are itching and redness of the skin.
What is the best way to take vitamins if you have allergies?
The disease can occur both after taking a large dose of vitamins and after a small one. Some drugs provoke disease when used in combination, although each vitamin individually does not pose a threat to the body. In this case, it is better to take the vitamins separately.
The use of vitamins by children should be under the supervision of a doctor. In case of the slightest reaction to the drugs, you should immediately stop taking them.
An allergic reaction is an increased sensitivity of the body's immune system to a particular substance. Substances that cause such a reaction are called allergens. An allergy can occur to almost any substance.
What is included in the group
The group contains eight water-soluble vitamins:
- B1 (Thiamin), is involved in the production of energy, therefore in almost every process of the body, the synthesis of acetylcholine; necessary for active work all body systems, especially the nervous system and brain;
Contained in:
- cereal crops;
- especially in bran;
- green peas;
- less: in nuts, dried fruits, beets, cabbage, carrots, spinach, rose hips, onions;
- B2 (Riboflavin), is needed for the development of nerve cells, the growth of red blood cells and their absorption of iron, for the normal functioning of the adrenal glands, participates in the processes of protecting the cornea from exposure to sunlight, participates in the regeneration (renewal) of the skin and mucous membranes;
Contained in:
- meat;
- liver;
- fish;
- milk;
- eggs;
- buckwheat wheat groats;
- green peas;
- cabbage;
- yeast;
- almonds;
- rice;
B3 (Nicotinic acid, PP), participates in energy and enzymatic reactions, is necessary for the functioning of the nervous system, the production of sex hormones and adrenal hormones, participates in the processes of immunological surveillance (participates in the processes of removing mutant cells from the body);
High content in:
- liver;
- eggs;
- fish;
- lean meat;
- Plants contain less: parsley, asparagus, legumes, mushrooms, peppers, garlic, carrots, peanuts;
- B5 (Pantothenic acid) participates in the synthesis of coenzyme A, the breakdown of fats and carbohydrates, the regeneration process, and the functioning of the immune system;
Contained in many products, most of all in:
- green vegetables;
- bran;
- meat products and fish;
- milk;
- yeast;
- legumes;
- hazelnuts;
- egg yolk;
- produced in the intestines;
- B6 (Pyridoxine) participates in the synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids, antibodies, hemoglobin, carbohydrate metabolism, regulates the functioning of the nervous system;
Contained in:
- nuts;
- potatoes;
- cereal sprouts;
- spinach;
- carrots;
- cabbage;
- meat;
- dairy products;
- fish;
- bird;
- strawberries;
- cherry;
- citrus fruits;
- produced in the intestines
- B7 (Biotin) participates in the release of energy;
found in large quantities in:
- offal;
- legumes;
- nuts;
- yeast and cauliflower;
- in smaller quantities - in almost all products; produced in the intestines;
- B9 (Folic acid), participates in the formation of nucleic acids, the development of the fetus and red blood cells;
Contained in:
- leafy vegetables;
- legumes;
- honey bran;
- produced in the intestines;
- B12 (cyanocobalamin) strategically important for hematopoiesis, necessary for the production of myelin;
Contained in:
- liver;
- fish;
- eggs;
- seaweed.
B vitamins are included in almost all multivitamin complexes produced by the pharmaceutical industry. They are also available as separate injections.
Natural or pharmacy products
The record holder for the frequency of reactions is vitamin B1 (Thiamin).
Much less often, but there are allergic reactions to vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) and vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin).
Allergic reactions to other vitamins of the group occur in isolated cases.
If it is an allergy to specific B vitamins, then it does not matter what source they came from.
What is an allergen?
In this case, they themselves are the allergen, that is, a chemical substance that is a vitamin.
Receipt as part of multivitamin complexes
Most often, the reaction occurs when taking multivitamin complexes. All components in the complex, as a rule, are contained in the amount of daily requirements.
When starting a course of treatment with multivitamins, it is worth considering that vitamins are also supplied with food, and cases of deficiency of all vitamins and minerals for the body at once are rare and therefore some vitamins will be supplied in excess, this can lead to sensitization.
Especially if, in order to speed up vitaminization, the dosage recommended by the manufacturer is deliberately increased.
You need to know that most vitamin complexes are registered as dietary supplements (dietary supplements), which simplifies and reduces the cost of drug registration.
Control over dietary supplements is less serious.
A private independent laboratory in the USA conducted an analysis of multivitamin complexes on the local market, and it turned out that in 30% of them the dosages stated in the annotation were exceeded.
The next provoking factor is the various fillers in the complex, such as gum and algin, which themselves sensitize the body (increase the readiness of the immune system to develop allergic reactions).
The frequency of development of sensitization in this case is also high, but for different reasons. All food products, in addition to vitamins, contain many other components.
These substances can change the body's response to B vitamins, since they themselves are powerful allergens.
The most common allergens include:
- cow's milk protein;
- citrus;
- egg white;
- peanut;
- seafood;
- cereals, among which rye and wheat are the leaders;
- cocoa.
Also, food products may contain substances that increase the absorption of B vitamins in the gastrointestinal tract.
Such substances include:
- magnesium– increases the absorption of the entire group of B vitamins;
- vitamin C promotes the accumulation of vitamin B9;
- calcium– enhances the absorption of vitamin B12;
Dosage forms
These products are produced as single preparations and in the form of combinations of several vitamins with minerals. There are drugs for injection and tablet forms for oral administration.
The following factors contribute to the development of an allergic reaction to dosage forms of vitamins:
- high concentration of vitamins in the preparation;
- content excipients with high sensitizing activity.
Causes
By various reasons the body may perceive some substance (in this case, B vitamins) as dangerous and requiring immediate action to eliminate it. This reaction is an allergic reaction.
There are two types of allergic reactions:
- true reaction- this is a type of allergy when a reaction always develops and to any dose of the allergen, as a rule, it first appears in childhood, is rare, has more severe course, may intensify over the years;
- pseudoallergic reaction- depends on the amount of the substance entering the body, as well as related products, are common, can manifest at any age.
The reasons for the development of true reactions have not yet been precisely established by science.
Responsible for the development of allergies the immune system body, and it is very complexly organized.
The key to solving it will provide an answer to many questions relating not only to sensitization, but also to others. serious illnesses, such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis.
But there are many factors that can provoke a pseudo-allergic reaction:
- vitamin B overdose possible when taking medicinal forms, because in food products, the vitamin content is so low that it is simply physiologically impossible to eat so much as to get an overdose; however, it is worth paying attention to the fact that for marketing purposes, many food products are artificially enriched with vitamins (dairy products, baked goods), this is how their increased benefits are presented; It is worth monitoring such products in the diet and not combining them with taking dosage forms of vitamins;
- immune system condition, if the immune system, as they say, is “on edge,” that is, prone to allergic reactions, then the likelihood of getting an immune response to a high dose of vitamin B increases significantly, in which case other potential allergens (citrus fruits, berries, egg whites and a lot others);
- using multiple medications at once, in addition to B vitamins, can also be a catalyst for the development of allergies, as the number of drug interactions increases;
Ideally, a person should not take more than 5 medications at the same time;
- increased emotional and physical exercise also lead to an imbalance of the immune system and can provoke allergic reactions;
- insolation, ultraviolet radiation can also change the functioning of the immune system;
- in women, the tendency to develop allergic reactions increases during menstrual periods;
- An immune response may also be triggered by some previous procedure (for example, using a cream with high content vitamin B, after deep peeling).
Symptoms of allergy to B vitamins
There are several types of allergic reactions:
- skin manifestations: itching, eczema, dermatitis, urticaria;
- swelling of the skin, and in severe cases of the larynx (Quincke's edema);
- bronchospasm (bronchial asthma);
- and the most severe - necrosis of the skin (Steven Johnson syndrome) and mucous membranes (Lyell's syndrome), which can be fatal;
All of them can develop with sensitivity to any substance, including vitamin B.
Therefore, it is possible to establish that it is an allergy to vitamin B if it was taken alone. Otherwise, you will have to act by elimination.
Of course, you can suspect a reaction to a certain vitamin if the patient takes a multivitamin complex, but it will be impossible to say immediately and with accuracy which one.
It will also be difficult to distinguish the food form from a reaction to vitamins if it developed as a result of consuming a product.
Even an allergist at the first appointment will suspect a food allergy, since the manifestations of allergic reactions to vitamins are not predictable in every person.
There are the most common manifestations for each vitamin:
- vitamin B1: an allergic reaction, most often swelling of the face and mucous membranes (up to the development of Quincke's edema);
- vitamin B6 and B12 often manifests itself as urticaria and dermatitis.
But they are not a marker of a specific allergy.
How to establish a diagnosis and what trial tests are available
As mentioned above, the easiest way to establish a diagnosis is when an allergy develops immediately after the administration of such a vitamin in monotherapy.
In other cases, the allergist will need to conduct additional tests.
There are nonspecific indicators that simply indicate an allergic reaction:
- changes in the general blood test will be manifested by an increase in the level of specific cells - eosinophils;
- increased levels of immunoglobulin E.
These indicators will be reported to the doctor, who will determine whether the existing symptoms are related to the manifestation of the reaction.
Suspected allergens are injected subcutaneously and the skin reaction is assessed. Such a test can accurately identify the allergen.
Is there a treatment
The most necessary thing for treatment is to stop the interaction with the allergen, i.e. you must immediately stop taking the vitamin and eliminate foods that contain it.
To reduce symptoms, you can take antihistamines, of which there are currently a huge number.
Further treatment prescribed by an allergist or, in his absence, by a therapist.
Only a doctor can prescribe specific and effective treatment.
If the manifestations of the allergy are severe from the very beginning, swelling of the face appears and/or it becomes difficult to breathe, you should immediately call an ambulance or go to the nearest hospital yourself.
Video: Antihistamines
Prevention
There is no specific prevention.
General measures consist of strictly following the instructions for the use of medications containing B vitamins if they are used independently, which is extremely undesirable.
Do not exceed the dose prescribed by the doctor and indicated in the instructions!
It is also important to remember that the content of B vitamins in vitamin complexes, as well as doctor’s prescriptions, is calculated to be the only source of of this substance.
Therefore, during injections of B vitamins, you should not additionally consume them in the form of multivitamin complexes, and also avoid foods containing these vitamins in large quantities.
When visiting a doctor, be sure to report any allergic reactions that have occurred in the past.
Forecast
In most cases, a pseudoallergic reaction ends in recovery. But the likelihood of a repeat reaction remains high.
In case of a true allergic reaction, you will have to say goodbye to the allergen forever, since each contact with it will cause a new episode of allergy. As a rule, these episodes also stop, but very rarely severe cases are possible.
This type of reaction is classified as a food allergy and affects both adults and children.
Vitamins are low molecular weight organic compounds, many of which are not synthesized in the human body or are produced in minute quantities. However, these substances are vital for normal life man, and he receives them from the outside with food. There are also vitamins in the form of pharmacological preparations and biologically active additives. In addition, cosmetic products also contain components of these beneficial substances, to which the body can respond with an allergic reaction.
Causes of allergies
Persons prone to allergies should be careful when using vitamin preparations and complexes, since the body’s reaction to them can be the most unexpected.
Allergies happen:
- Food – the irritant enters the body through the gastrointestinal tract with food, vitamin complexes and food additives.
- Contact – sensitization occurs when using cosmetics and pharmacological drugs local action containing an allergen.
An allergic reaction can be triggered by the vitamin molecules themselves, which the body perceives as foreign. In this case, not even a large number of an allergen entering the body can lead to sensitization.
An allergic response of the body to vitamins can also be caused by an overdose or insufficient production the necessary enzymes to break down their molecules.
Often allergies that arise from pharmaceutical drugs may be a consequence of the body’s response not to the vitamin, but to additional components (thickener, coloring agent, flavoring).
Emotional and physical overload, fluctuations can serve as catalysts for an allergic reaction. hormonal levels, the effects of ultraviolet radiation and temperature changes on the body. The situation is aggravated by the unfavorable environmental situation.
Signs of an allergic reaction
Manifestations of reactions to vitamins are similar to food allergies. Cases of angioedema and anaphylactic shock cannot be excluded. In people with a hereditary predisposition to allergies, a reaction to vitamins can be observed from childhood.
Allergies to B vitamins are the most common.
It may manifest itself with the following symptoms:
- skin phenomena - hyperemia, rashes such as eczema or urticaria, accompanied by severe itching;
- swelling of the epidermis and mucous membranes of the nose, nasopharynx, larynx;
- allergic runny nose, sinus congestion, lacrimation, headaches;
- intestinal disorders, abdominal cramps, flatulence, nausea.
All B vitamins have different biological activities, so symptoms may vary in severity. The most dangerous reaction is to vitamin B1 (thiamine), since an excess of acetylcholine can lead to fatty liver and kidney failure, as well as cause anaphylactic shock.
A reaction to vitamin B 6 is rare, but in case of an overdose, circulatory problems may occur. An allergy to vitamin B 12 can manifest itself in the form of skin rashes, hives, accompanied by itching.
At intravenous administration, an allergy to vitamin B manifests itself immediately and is expressed by redness and swelling at the injection site, burning and pain.
A reaction to vitamin E (tocopherol) occurs in rare exceptions, and occurs due to an overdose. In such cases, when taken orally, digestive upset may occur. If a contact allergy to vitamin E occurs, its symptoms manifest themselves as redness of the epidermis and rashes in the form of papules with yellowish contents.
An allergic reaction to vitamin C can occur instantly after it enters the body. The reason is a deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase for the breakdown of this substance.
- Skin rashes in the form of nodules or blisters, redness and swelling of the skin, accompanied by severe itching.
- Allergic rhinitis – discharge from the nasal passages, congestion.
- Allergic conjunctivitis - lacrimation, redness of the sclera, burning sensation.
- Swelling of the face and neck, mucous membranes of the nose, lips, tongue.
- Wheezing, coughing, difficulty breathing.
Typically, the symptoms of an allergy to ascorbic acid are of moderate severity.
An overdose of this substance also leads to intestinal disorders, nausea and vomiting. In addition, an excess of retinol in the body disrupts blood clotting.
Prevention
If symptoms of an allergic reaction occur, you must contact the clinic to determine the cause that caused the negative response of the body.
Once the allergen has been identified, contact with it should be avoided:
- adhere to a special diet prescribed by a doctor;
- carefully study the composition of finished products that may be enriched with any vitamins;
- do not use dietary supplements and vitamin complexes without consulting a doctor;
- inform your doctor about your allergy before prescribing any treatment.
Moreover, it should be remembered that some cosmetical tools may also contain vitamins. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully study the instructions describing their composition.
Development of allergies to B vitamins
Allergies to B vitamins are rare, but create great difficulties, since these are biologically active substances play an important role in the functioning of the body and are therefore used to treat many diseases.
Causes of allergy to vitamin B
In most cases, an allergic reaction to B vitamins is associated with an overdose due to excessive consumption of certain foods or improper use of medications. An excess of vitamin B1 (thiamine) is considered the most dangerous, because it stimulates the production of acetylcholine, a substance that is involved in the development of allergies. In addition, a negative reaction to thiamine from the immune system can lead to liver and kidney dysfunction.
Vitamins B6 and B12 cause allergies much less frequently. Special attention You need to pay attention to the amount of vitamin B12 consumed. It tends to accumulate in the body, since its half-life is approximately 1.5 years. Allergy to vitamin B can occur even when taken in moderate quantities. The following conditions may be the causes:
- hypersensitivity;
- weakened immune system;
- diseases accompanied by metabolic disorders (for example, renal or liver failure).
It is worth noting that taking vitamins in tablets or capsules is often accompanied by a deterioration in health. The cause may not be an allergy to vitamin B as such, but a negative reaction to excipients: gelatin, starch, dyes and flavorings.
It has been noticed that an allergic reaction develops several times more often in people who take multivitamin or vitamin-mineral complexes. This is due to the interaction between all components of such drugs. Some experts believe that the absorption of vitamins and minerals from these medications is much poorer, causing unabsorbed compounds to be perceived by the immune system as foreign agents.
Symptoms of vitamin allergy
It is important to be able to distinguish the symptoms of an allergic reaction from signs of an overdose, since treatment for these conditions is carried out differently. All representatives of B vitamins have different level activity, so the severity of the allergy may vary. Symptoms for mild allergies to thiamine, B12 or other types are limited to skin manifestations:
- redness;
- itching and burning;
- rashes in the form of small vesicles and peeling;
- hives.
If B vitamins were administered intramuscularly, swelling, redness and pain may occur at the injection site.
In more severe cases, an allergy to vitamin B is accompanied by nasal congestion, runny nose, cough, watery eyes and fever. A particularly severe course is characterized by the appearance of symptoms of angioedema:
- hoarseness and feeling of suffocation;
- swelling of the face;
- swelling and numbness of the limbs;
- acute abdominal pain;
- a sharp drop in blood pressure.
This condition is life-threatening, so if signs of Quincke's edema appear, you should consult a doctor urgently. In very rare cases, after injection of a vitamin solution, anaphylactic shock develops.
An overdose of vitamin B12 or other members of the B vitamins manifests itself as follows:
- nausea and vomiting;
- diarrhea;
- weakness, dizziness;
- increased heart rate;
- characteristic changes in blood and urine tests.
Often, symptoms of an allergic reaction and overdose occur simultaneously.
Treatment of vitamin allergies
In order for the allergic reaction to stop, you need to stop the entry of the allergen into the body: stop injections or take multivitamin complexes. If such measures are not enough, it is recommended to comply special diet with a minimum amount of products containing vitamin B12 or any other representatives of group B. If it is impossible to completely eliminate such products, it is recommended to heat treatment, which contributes to the destruction of the vitamin.
Scheme drug treatment prescribed by a doctor, the choice of drugs, dosages and duration of treatment depends on the symptoms. Antihistamines are prescribed for oral administration: Erius, Zirtek, Tavegil, Eden.
If the use of these drugs does not have a positive effect, treatment is indicated hormonal drugs: “Prednisolone” or “Dexamethasone”. To eliminate skin symptoms allergies to vitamin B, as well as nasal congestion, ointments with antiallergic components (Fenistil-gel, Gistan) and nasal drops with decongestants (Galazolin, Tizin, Nazol) are used. In case of severe skin reaction, the doctor prescribes an ointment with a hormonal component (Beloderm, Lorinden S).
In order to remove traces of B12 or another allergen from the body, adsorbents may be prescribed ( Activated carbon, “Enterosgel”, “Polyphepan”), and also a cleansing enema was performed. In case of increased body temperature, it is indicated infusion therapy(dropper). Additional elimination of vitamin B12 is helped by consuming large amounts of drinking water and a hypoallergenic diet.
Prevention of allergies to B vitamins
To protect yourself from allergies to vitamin B, it is recommended to follow several rules.
- Do not overuse vitamin supplements: more does not mean better. People who lead an active lifestyle, eat a varied diet and feel well, as a rule, do not have an urgent need for the constant use of vitamin-mineral complexes.
- When choosing medications, give preference to monovitamins, since multivitamin and vitamin-mineral complexes cause allergies much more often. To find out which substance is deficient, it is enough to do a blood test.
- Try to take vitamin medications that contain a minimum amount of excipients. For example, drugs for children are produced in the form of sweet syrups or colored dragees, but they contain many more potential allergens than simple tablets.
- Please note that in Lately Manufacturers add B vitamins to skin and hair care products. If you have allergies, cosmetics with such additives can cause contact dermatitis varying degrees gravity.
Vitamin preparations are not as harmless as many people think. Improper use of these drugs can cause harm to the body in the form of allergies or intoxication (this applies to a greater extent to vitamin B12).
If taking multivitamin complexes causes an allergic reaction, it is necessary to additional research. They will help to accurately determine which representative of group B acted as an allergen. For this purpose, skin tests: drip, scarification and intradermal, as well as blood test for immunoglobulins. Based on such tests, the doctor will be able to select the most appropriate diet and drug therapy regimen.
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Allergy to vitamin B6 symptoms
Allergy to vitamins
Allergy is considered a disease that manifests itself in the body’s high sensitivity to certain components, including vitamins. There are two types of allergies.
The first is food, which occurs when vitamins are consumed in food.
The second is contact, which appears when using creams, ointments or other means of external influence.
Manifestations of allergic reactions to vitamin-containing products were known back in ancient Greece when the famous ancient Greek physician Hippocrates, father and progenitor modern medicine, noticed that some people experience eating disorders And skin rashes after consumption certain types products.
How does an allergic reaction occur?
Allergic reactions to vitamins can occur from infancy, when, entering the body with mother's milk or additional nutrition, they cause an ambiguous protest from the entire immune system.
This happens because the immune system mistakenly classifies them as hazardous substances and, in defense, begins to produce antibodies.
With an increased accumulation of antibodies in the muscles, free histamine is formed, which provokes allergic symptoms in the body in the form of swelling of the surrounding soft tissues, spasm of smooth muscles, increased heart rate, and decreased blood pressure.
An allergic reaction can be triggered by both a small dose of a vitamin irritant taken and an overdose.
Some vitamin preparations cause allergies when taken in combination, although each vitamin itself does not pose any threat to the body. In such a situation, it is better to switch to taking vitamins separately, avoiding a large number of items at one time.
For young children, taking vitamin supplements and mixtures should be under the strict supervision of a doctor and, at the slightest allergic reaction, should be stopped immediately.
How to recognize allergies
Symptoms of a vitamin allergy include:
- cardiopalmus;
- asymptomatic runny nose;
- headache;
- sudden fatigue;
- labored breathing.
The first to react to an allergy are the nasal sinuses, which begin to swell from an increase in blood flow, preventing a person from breathing freely. As a result, severe headaches and dizziness occur.
An allergic reaction of the intestines to irritants is possible; it manifests itself in the occurrence of nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, bloating and cramping.
Skin rashes often occur - eczema, hives and redness.
You should take swelling of the soft tissues in the face and neck very seriously; when the first symptoms appear, immediately take antihistamine medicine and call an ambulance.
Different vitamins - different allergies
If you are allergic to vitamin E, the body often reacts in the form of contact dermatitis, spreading to those areas of the skin that were in direct contact with this substance. It is expressed in redness of an area of the skin, followed by the formation of blisters filled with a clear or yellowish liquid.
Those areas of the skin that have not been in contact with the vitamin remain clean and undamaged. When taken orally, it can cause minor intestinal disorders, but it is generally harmless and is prescribed even to infants.
Signs of a disease such as an allergy to vitamin C develop immediately after it enters the body in the form of tablets with a concentrated dose, intramuscularly or intravenously.
The reaction to it can be very diverse and manifest itself in the form of itching, swelling, tingling, skin redness, intestinal disorder, up to anaphylactic shock.
People with this disease should be attentive to the medications they take, carefully study the instructions, and adhere to a vitamin diet.
The occurrence of an allergy to vitamin D is very rare, because the body itself synthesizes it during exposure to the sun on human skin, and it is also found in excess in foods such as parsley, fish caviar, eggs, mushrooms, and dairy products.
Typically, allergic reactions appear after ingesting an excess amount of products containing this substance, and are manifested primarily in difficulty breathing, wheezing, chest pain, and a feeling of a dense lump in the lungs. Itching may also occur in unusual places, for example, in the eyes and ears.
In rare cases, the reaction may include skin redness, rashes, and eczema. Treatment should be carried out strictly under the supervision of a doctor, due to the great influence of this vitamin preparation on the healthy existence and full functioning of the human body.
Allergies to B vitamins often occur. This group includes folic acid, thiamine, pantothenic acid, biotin, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, a nicotinic acid and others.
These are important components of life that are actively involved in cellular metabolism human body, they are closely interconnected with each other, so they must be supplied to the body in a complex manner.
The active components of this group come with food, and since they are not stored in reserve, but are consumed immediately, the need for their replenishment arises constantly.
The main and dangerous allergen from this group is vitamin B1 or thiamine. Its role in the body is determined by the release of energy from food.
An allergic reaction to it is a malfunction of the kidneys and liver.
It also activates the action of acetylcholine, which increases allergy symptoms. Very rarely, but still there is a reaction to vitamins B 6 and B 12. With an overdose of B 6, the blood circulation process is disrupted, and with B12, skin redness appears.
Causes
The reasons for the occurrence can be very different, but in general outline they come down to several categories:
- Heredity - the probability of getting this disease by inheritance from parents ranges from 20 to 80 percent;
- A child often gets sick in childhood, which leads to malfunctions of the immune system;
- Sterile living conditions, when the immune system is not “hardened to fight” harmful microorganisms encountered in everyday life;
- Harmful environment and chemicals used in domestic conditions;
- Serious diseases of internal organs, for example, intestines, nervous system, liver.
Given the vital need for vitamins various groups V normal operation in the human body, allergic reactions that occur are a big problem. In any case, you should consult a doctor and begin treatment for early stages its identification.
Modern medicine offers a range effective drugs and physiotherapeutic procedures, which allows you to minimize the manifestations of the disease and gives you the opportunity to enjoy a full life.
Allergy to vitamins
Vitamins are substances that are always near you. They are present in all food products, many doctors like to prescribe them, and people often buy them in pharmacies themselves, without even consulting doctors. But we must remember that vitamin preparations sold in pharmacies are still medicines, and they should not be used uncontrollably. Like all drugs, they have certain contraindications. In addition, allergies to vitamins often develop. Moreover, sometimes it is very difficult to understand what exactly provoked the allergic reaction.
Causes
Allergies to vitamins occur, mainly in children younger age. Refers to food allergies. There are also cases of contact intolerance reaction. Caused by vitamins contained in food, cosmetics, hygiene products and medications.
Absolutely any substance can lead to allergies. Most often, a reaction develops to the following vitamins: C ( ascorbic acid), D (calciferol) and E (tocopherol).
Development mechanism
In response to the entry of a foreign agent into the human body, antibodies appear, represented by immunoglobulins J and M. Upon repeated contact with the allergen, they together form complexes that circulate freely in the blood.
These formations have enough big sizes, therefore they get stuck in the capillaries, where inflammatory substances begin to be released in response: kinins, serotonin and others. Under their influence, local swelling of the skin, redness and itching occurs.
Symptoms of an allergy to vitamins
Signs of intolerance to a particular vitamin usually develop within 30 minutes or 2-3 hours after taking it, sometimes even after 1-2 days.
Most typical symptoms skin rashes of varying intensity are considered. The rash is most often located on the face in the cheek area, and can spread to the stomach or back. Skin rashes resemble hives. They may be few in number, or they may be present in large numbers, sometimes merging. There is always severe itching.
These signs may be accompanied general weakness and malaise, headache. The functioning of the digestive tract may also be disrupted, leading to nausea, flatulence, vomiting, and colic.
Symptoms such as runny nose, swelling of the face and shortness of breath occur extremely rarely. They are not typical for vitamin allergies in adults.
Features of allergies to vitamins in children
In infants, signs of intolerance include persistent diaper rash, reddened dry skin of the cheeks, frequent regurgitation, and causeless diarrhea. Skin changes appear as a rash on the face or throughout the body, reminiscent of hives or eczema.
An allergy can also occur in a baby who eats only mother's milk if she has taken a vitamin. Prolonged runny nose, which cannot be treated with antibiotics, should also alert the doctor.
The most allergenic vitamins
Ascorbic acid causes allergies most often. It is found in large quantities in citrus fruits.
Signs of intolerance appear, as a rule, after exceeding the recommended daily doses (500 mg in adults and in children). They manifest themselves in the form of urticaria, less often eczema. Accompanied by itching. Babies have abdominal cramps, vomiting and diarrhea.
Exceeding its content in the body causes various disorders at work digestive system. This is the whole spectrum of dyspeptic disorders.
Contact allergy to tocopherol can also occur, causing dermatitis with blistering and small sores on red, flaky skin.
The reaction to calciferol most often manifests itself as respiratory distress. There is a feeling of lack of oxygen, the patient begins to choke and wheeze. An attack of suffocation develops.
It is also difficult to breathe through the nose, and clear mucus is released from it. Swelling of the eyelids and itching in the eyes appear.
Diagnostics
In case of allergies, it is found in the blood high level eosinophils. To identify a substance that the body cannot tolerate, the most effective and quick method are skin tests.
Treatment of allergies to vitamins
First of all, we need to prevent everything possible ways intake of a specific vitamin: do not take medications containing it, exclude foods rich in it, do not use cosmetics that contain this vitamin.
The use of medications begins when there is a rash. Antihistamines are used - antiallergic drugs. Currently, the most effective are the third generation drugs - cetirizine, Erius.
If hives cover the entire body, then allergy medications are administered intramuscularly or intravenously. Suprastin and tavegil are used. Detoxification is also included: the introduction of solutions to speed up the process of removing foreign agents from the patient’s blood.
When shortness of breath occurs or swelling appears on the face, prompt action is necessary. We need to call an ambulance. Typically, injections of antihistamines and glucocorticoids (prednisolone, hydrocortisone or dexamethasone) are required. Further treatment is carried out according to the scheme described above.
The prognosis with timely therapy is favorable, there are no consequences. However, in the future, sometimes throughout life, you need to be very careful and attentive when taking appropriate vitamin preparations and eating foods rich in one or another vitamin. It may be necessary to completely eliminate their use.
Allergy to B vitamins
Pathological reactions most often occur after the use of thiamine (B1). It ensures the body's energy metabolism and increases the conductivity of impulses along nerve fibers. Hypersensitivity can manifest itself in a variety of ways, from simple urticaria to anaphylactic shock, renal and liver failure. Increased release of acetylcholine only worsens the situation.
- -itching;
- - redness of the skin;
- -swelling of the nasal cavity;
- -swelling of the larynx (Quincke's edema);
- -anaphylactic shock.
Allergy to B vitamins
The functioning of the body depends on the complete presence of metabolic components throughout life. Vitamins are an essential source of amino acids necessary for the functioning of almost all enzyme systems. If the diet is not balanced, there is a need to use individual vitamins or multivitamin complexes. It is at this point that a person may notice signs of an allergy to B vitamins.
Why do allergies to B vitamins occur?
There are many theories about the origin of allergies. In the case of vitamins, this could be:
- - innate immunity of the body to active component drug (very rare complication when the body’s reaction to a vitamin is genetically determined as an antigen);
- - failure of immune resistance (hypersensitivity of the immune system due to frequent illnesses in childhood);
- - diseases of internal organs, for example, gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys;
- - malignant neoplasms, leukemia (the child is placed in sterile conditions to avoid infection, which is why the immune system does not distinguish foreign antigens from its own);
- - harmful living environment, constant contact with chemicals.
How does an allergy to different B vitamins manifest?
Pathological reactions most often occur after the use of thiamine (B1). It ensures the body's energy metabolism and increases the conductivity of impulses along nerve fibers. Hypersensitivity can manifest itself in a variety of ways, from simple urticaria to anaphylactic shock, kidney and liver failure. Increased release of acetylcholine only worsens the situation.
Pyridoxine (B6) affects plastic and energy metabolism and takes part in blood formation. U sensitive people hemorrhagic manifestations are possible after its use.
Cyanocobalamin (B12) acts as a coenzyme in most enzymatic reactions. Main allergic manifestation there will be skin rashes and itching.
Vitamins B2, B3, B7, B9 do not cause specific allergic reactions, but if the body does not perceive them, various manifestations are possible:
- -itching;
- -rashes on the skin and mucous membranes;
- - redness of the skin;
- -swelling of the nasal cavity;
- -swelling of the larynx (Quincke's edema);
- -collapse (drop in blood pressure);
- -dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract;
- -anaphylactic shock.
Diagnosis and treatment of allergies to vitamins
If one of the listed symptoms occurs, you should immediately consult a doctor. Diagnosing the cause of an allergy is difficult, especially if the patient takes other medications in addition to vitamins, but there are specific test systems that include the most common allergens.
Treatment begins with discontinuation of the vitamin drug that caused the reaction. Antihistamines will reduce the manifestations of allergies. IN severe cases The doctor may give you a hormone injection. To completely get rid of allergies, an immunologist can carry out specific hyposensitization against each antigen.
Allergies to B vitamins develop in adults and children with hypersensitivity of the immune system, congenital intolerance, and chronic pathologies of internal organs. Riboflavin, pyridoxine, cyanocobalamin are involved in many processes and regulate energy metabolism. If you are intolerant to B vitamins, you have to adjust your diet and give up many medications and dietary supplements.
Why does thiamine provoke severe allergic reactions in people with hypersensitive bodies? What foods contain riboflavin, cyanocobalamin, pyridoxine, biotin? How to treat allergies to vitamins? The answers are in the article.
Probable causes
A negative reaction to riboflavin or folic acid is less common than an allergy to fruits; in most cases, the problem is congenital. Genetic predisposition- one of the main reasons for intolerance to valuable substances involved in many life support processes of the body. True allergy remains for life, a complete cure is impossible, but with strict adherence to the rules of prevention, the likelihood of relapse can be minimized.
Other factors that cause allergic reactions:
- frequent illnesses in childhood provoke increased sensitivity immune system to foreign proteins;
- prolonged contact with chemicals, difficult environmental situation;
- chronic pathologies liver, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys;
- Treatment of oncological pathologies in sterile conditions leads to disruptions in the immune system: the body does not distinguish between safe substances and antigens, and fights not only harmful, but also beneficial components.
Causes of false allergies:
- improper use of vitamin-mineral complexes. An overdose creates excess stress on the body;
- consumption of dietary supplements that contain dyes, flavors, and preservatives;
- binge eating. Some types of food contain synthetic substances that negatively affect the digestive system;
- neglect of hygiene rules. When consuming poorly washed vegetables and leafy greens, the chemicals that were used to treat the plants penetrate into the body.
On a note! Thiamine (B1) is most dangerous for allergy sufferers. Vitamins B12 and B6 are less likely to provoke negative manifestations. Other names: B7, B2, B5, B9, B3 rarely cause skin reactions and negative processes in the digestive organs.
First signs and symptoms
Signs of intolerance to B vitamins manifest themselves in different ways (specific reactions):
- cyanocobalamin. Itching, skin rashes;
- thiamine The combination with the active release of acetylcholine leads to the appearance of hepatic and renal failure, anaphylaxis;
- pyridoxine. Hemorrhagic signs.
Other types of B vitamins provoke the appearance of the main symptoms of allergies:
- hyperemia;
- swelling of the nasal cavity and larynx;
- , red spots on mucous membranes and skin;
- diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, epigastric pain, vomiting;
Diagnostics
To identify inappropriate antigen substances, it is important to seek medical care. An allergist-immunologist prescribes tests and carries out treatment when the diagnosis is confirmed.
Main types of research:
- blood test to determine the level of immunoglobulin E;
- : prick test, application method;
- provocative tests.
Of necessity:
- analysis feces for dysbacteriosis;
- ultrasound examination of the digestive organs;
- Analysis of urine.
Allergies to vitamins in adults
In case of untimely initiation of therapy, hypersensitivity of the body to the action of irritants, constant exposure to harmful industrial and environmental factors An acute reaction lasts a lifetime. After 40 years, doctors often identify chronic pathologies, against the background of which the risk of allergies increases. B vitamins are found in many foods and food additives, it is difficult to avoid the receipt of unsuitable components.
Sometimes adults themselves provoke the development of a negative reaction when vitamin therapy is carried out incorrectly. Hoping for a quick effect, some people take much more pills and capsules than required according to the norm. The shells of many pills contain dyes and preservatives. In combination with excessive consumption of cyanocobalamin, thiamine, pyridoxine, reactions develop in digestive tract, skin allergy symptoms appear.
Conclusion: strengthening the immune system with the use of multivitamin complexes is necessary only under the guidance of a doctor, in compliance with one-time and daily dosage. Hypervitaminosis also causes disruptions in metabolic processes, as does a deficiency of valuable components.
Disease in children
Rare view negative reaction on useful material in children, in most cases, it is laid down at the genetic level. The body perceives vitamins as antigens; after repeated contact with a minimal dose of the allergen, a reaction develops, often acute.
Severe illnesses in childhood reduce immunity, disrupt the composition of intestinal microflora, and increase sensitization of the body. Oncopathologies are especially dangerous.
In babies, intolerance to B vitamins appears for the first time after the introduction of complementary foods for infants or from the first days of life if the baby receives nutritional mixtures. Many milk substitutes contain vitamins, including those to which a negative immune response is observed.
On a note! If you suspect an allergy, it is important to show your baby to the doctor as early as possible to avoid severe reactions. Timely correction of the diet prevents exacerbations of congenital intolerance to thiamine, pyridoxine, cyanocobalamin, and folic acid.
Content of B vitamins in products: table
When confirming a negative response from the body, it is important to know which types of food contain large amounts of substances that cause allergies. A list of products should always be at hand to prevent the entry of irritants. In case of genetic intolerance, it is important to strictly follow the diet and not take multivitamins and dietary supplements with inappropriate ingredients.
| Name | What foods contain B vitamins? |
| Thiamine or B1 | Bran, cereals, green peas. Smaller amounts of useful components: spinach, cabbage, onions, rose hips, dried fruits |
| Riboflavin or B2 | Fish, eggs, liver, meat, yeast, rice, buckwheat and Wheat groats, almonds, green peas |
| Nicotinic acid or PP (B3) | Lean meat, liver, different types of fish, eggs. Less: Legumes, mushrooms, leafy greens, peanuts, carrots, garlic |
| Pantothenic acid or B5 | Yeast, liver, egg yolk, bran, fish, meat products, green vegetables, hazelnuts |
| Pyridoxine or B6 | Spinach, dairy and meat products, cabbage, sprouted wheat, carrots, citrus fruits, cherries, poultry |
| Biotin or B7 | Nuts, offal, all types of legumes. Most types of food contain smaller amounts of the valuable substance |
| Folic acid or B9 | Honey, bran, legumes |
| Cyanocobalamin or B12 | Seaweed, eggs, sea and river fish, liver |
On a note! Some valuable substances are produced in small quantities in the intestines. The body produces: biotin, pyridoxine, pantothenic and folic acid.
Effective treatments
Main methods of therapy:
- replacing injections of the vitamins pyridoxine, thiamine and cyanocobalamin with other types of drugs;
- compliance . When creating a menu, you will need the table from the previous section. It is important to know: heat treatment destroys many vitamins, including group B;
- refusal to take multivitamin complexes containing cyanocobalamin, biotin, folic and pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, other potential allergens;
- reception . In case of an acute reaction, it is prescribed. If the signs are weak or medium degree, enough . Effective names:, and others;
- at severe form diseases are shown:,;
- in cases of vitamin intolerance, nasal drops Nazol and Galazolin are prescribed;
- for skin reactions you will need: Ketocin, Gistan, Dermadrin;
- New generations are suitable for removing excess vitamins and actively cleansing the intestines of toxins and allergens. Multisorb, Polyphepan, Enterumin, Filtrum, White coal, Smecta, Sorbex;
- for severe skin reactions prescribed hormonal ointments. In childhood, the following names are allowed: Advantan, Elokom. For adults, the list is wider: Beloderm, Flucort, Triderm, Lorinden S, Fluconazole. Doctors recommend non-fluorinated corticosteroids to reduce the risk of adverse reactions;
- in case of overdose of vitamin preparations, gastric lavage, cleansing enema, and large volume intake are performed clean water, if it increases, a dropper is prescribed for active elimination of the allergen.
After stopping the signs of a false allergy or a true immune response to vitamins, it is important to listen to the doctor’s recommendations. Thiamine, cyanocobalamin and pyridoxine often cause acute reactions in allergy sufferers, and frequent relapses worsen health.
How to proceed:
- always warn doctors about allergies to B vitamins;
- give up uncontrolled reception multivitamins;
- change the diet taking into account the content of inappropriate vitamins in various foods;
- eat food after heat treatment: in this case, the dangerous components are completely or partially destroyed;
- strengthen the immune system, monitor the course of chronic diseases, prevent exacerbations;
- study the composition of shampoos, conditioners, hair masks, cosmetics: many items contain biotin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine. When using products with B vitamins, contact dermatitis is possible;
- reduce the level of sensitization of the body under the supervision of an allergist-immunologist, avoid contact with other types of allergens.
Allergies to B vitamins complicate life and impose restrictions on many types of food and medications. Trust in your doctor, regular consultations, and following the recommendations of an allergist-immunologist prevents exacerbations.
The functioning of the body depends on the complete presence of metabolic components throughout life. Vitamins are an essential source of amino acids necessary for the functioning of almost all enzyme systems. If the diet is not balanced, there is a need to use individual vitamins or multivitamin complexes. It is at this moment that a person may notice signs of B vitamins.
Why do allergies to B vitamins occur?
There are many theories about the origin of allergies. In the case of vitamins, this could be:
- — congenital immunity of the body to the active component of the drug (a very rare complication when the body’s reaction to the vitamin is genetically determined as an antigen);
- — failure of immune resistance (hypersensitivity of the immune system as a result of frequent diseases in childhood);
- - diseases of internal organs, for example, gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys;
- - malignant neoplasms, leukemia (the child is placed in sterile conditions to avoid infection, which is why the immune system does not distinguish foreign antigens from its own);
- - harmful living environment, constant contact with chemicals.
How does an allergy to different B vitamins manifest?
Pathological reactions most often occur after the use of thiamine (B1). It ensures the body's energy metabolism and increases the conductivity of impulses along nerve fibers. Hypersensitivity can manifest itself in a variety of ways, from simple urticaria to anaphylactic shock, kidney and liver failure. Increased release of acetylcholine only worsens the situation.
Pyridoxine (B6) affects plastic and energy metabolism and takes part in blood formation. In sensitive people, hemorrhagic manifestations are possible after its use.
Cyanocobalamin (B12) acts as a coenzyme in most enzymatic reactions. The main manifestation will be skin rashes and itching.
Vitamins B2, B3, B7, B9 do not cause specific allergic reactions, but if the body does not perceive them, various manifestations are possible:
- -itching;
- -rashes on the skin and mucous membranes;
- - redness of the skin;
- -swelling of the nasal cavity;
- -swelling of the larynx (Quincke's edema);
- -collapse (drop in blood pressure);
- -dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract;
- -anaphylactic shock.
Diagnosis and treatment of allergies to vitamins
If one of the listed symptoms occurs, you should urgently contact. Diagnosing the cause of an allergy is difficult, especially if the patient takes other medications in addition to vitamins, but there are specific test systems that include the most common allergens.
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