The main causes of sore throat are pharyngitis and tonsillitis. Pharyngitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the pharynx, often combined with a runny nose. Tonsillitis (sore throat) is inflammation palatine tonsils... Their combination is often observed. The clinical manifestations are similar. The main distinguishing feature of tonsillitis is the absence of coughing.
Pharyngitis and tonsillitis can be caused various reasons: from the common cold to serious and life-threatening illnesses.
Finding out the reason
The most common reason sore throat are respiratory viral infections (rhinovirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, Epstein-Barr virus). Bacterial infections are the second most common cause. In third place are fungi.
Antibiotics for a sore throat only help with a bacterial infection.
Bacterial pathogens causing pain in the throat are presented in the table.
Treating bacterial infections
The choice of antibiotic depends on the type of bacteria causing the sore throat. Before the appointment, it is necessary to carry out specific diagnostics with the definition of the pathogen.
Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus
It is the most common causative agent of tonsillitis and pharyngitis in children (about 30%).
The main symptoms are:
- discomfort or sore throat that gets worse when swallowing;
- ear pain;
- deterioration of the general condition;
- fever;
- sore throat and cough - with pharyngitis;
- Availability purulent plugs or plaque on the tonsils - with tonsillitis;
- enlargement and soreness of the cervical lymph nodes;
- joint pain;
- rashes on the skin - with scarlet fever
Local or systemic antibiotics are used for treatment.
Antibiotic therapy for streptococcal tonsillitis is of the utmost importance. In case of untimely and inadequate treatment, it can give complications such as rheumatism with the subsequent formation of heart defects or glomerulonephritis, which can lead to renal failure.
Used antibiotics local action:
- Ingalipt, spray- for adults, 2 injections 3-4 times a day; children 1-2 times a day;
- Grammidin, lozenges- for adults, 1 tablet 3-4 times a day; children 1-2 times a day;
- Gramicidin C, lozenges- for adults, 2 tablets 3-4 times a day; children 1 tablet.
Previously actively used antibiotic for topical application in the form of a spray fuzafyunzhin (Bioparox) was withdrawn from the market in connection with high risk the development of allergic reactions.
List of the best systemic drugs presented in the table.
| Antibiotic group | Drug name | Dosage for adults | Dosage for children |
Penicillins  | Phenoxymethylpenicillin | 1500 mg per day | Less than 25 kg - 400 mg in 2 divided doses, More than 25 kg - 800 mg in 2 divided doses |
| Amoxicillin (Flemoxin Solutab) | 1500 mg in 3 divided doses | Less than 25 kg - 400 mg in 2 divided doses, over 25 kg - 800 mg in 2 divided doses | |
Cephalosporins  | Cephalexin | 1000 mg in 2 divided doses | 40 mg / kg in 2 divided doses |
| Cefuroxime (Zinnat) | 500 mg in 2 divided doses immediately after meals | 20 mg / kg in 2 divided doses | |
| Ceftibuten (Zedex) | 400 mg once a day | 9 mg / kg once a day | |
| Cefixime (Suprax) | 400 mg once a day | 8 mg / kg once a day | |
| Cefditorin | 400 mg in 2 divided doses | Contraindicated up to 12 years, then - adult dosage | |
| For allergies to penicillins and cephalosporins | |||
Macrolides  | Erythromycin | 1500 mg in 3 divided doses | 45 mg / kg in 3 divided doses |
| Azithromycin (Sumamed) | 500 mg once a day | 12 mg / kg once a day | |
| Clarithromycin (Fromilid) | 500 mg in 2 divided doses | 20 mg / kg in 2 divided doses | |
| Josamycin (Wilprafen) | 1000 mg in 2 divided doses | 40 mg / kg in 2 divided doses | |
| Spiramycin (Rovamycin) | 6 million IU in 2 doses | 300 thousand IU / kg in 2 doses | |
| Midecamycin (Macropen) | 1200 mg in 3 divided doses | 50 mg / kg in 2 divided doses | |
| For allergies to penicillins, cephalosporins and macrolides | |||
Lincosamides  | Clindamycin | 150 mg 4 times a day | 10 mg / kg 3 times a day |
| Lincomycin (Neloren) | 500 mg 3 times a day | 10 mg / kg 3 times a day | |
| With recurrent tonsillitis | |||
Penicillins  | Amoxicillin / clavulanate | 625 mg 3 times a day | 15 mg / kg 3 times a day |
Cephalosporins  | Cefuroxime (Zinnat) | 250 mg 2 times a day immediately after meals | 10 mg / kg 2 times a day |
Lincosamides  | Clindamycin | 150 mg 4 times a day | 10 mg / kg 3 times a day |
| Lincomycin (Neloren) | 500 mg 3 times a day | 10 mg / kg 3 times a day | |
All antibiotics are taken within 10 days. An exception is azithromycin, the course of which is 5 days.
Streptococci C, G and Staphylococcus aureus
Tonsillitis and pharyngitis caused by these bacteria are more common in adults. They have the same clinical manifestations and treatment as group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus.
Arcanobacterium haemolyticum
By clinical manifestations similar to beta-hemolytic streptococcus. However, the treatment is slightly different.
Diphtheria
Diphtheria is an acute infectious disease that is life-threatening. Children are most susceptible to infection. Mortal danger represents a specific toxin secreted by bacteria.
By clinical symptoms diphtheria is similar to a common sore throat, however, it has some features:
- bluish color of the pharynx on examination;
- dirty gray plaque on the tonsils, which is difficult to remove with a spatula;
- with separation of plaque - bleeding of the tonsils;
- swelling of the neck.
The body temperature during the disease may be normal.
At untimely treatment infectious toxic shock and inflammation of the heart muscle occurs, which can lead to death.
At the slightest suspicion of diphtheria, you should immediately consult a doctor.
Specific antitoxic antidiphtheria serum (APS). With its introduction, there is a risk of allergic reactions, therefore, treatment is necessarily carried out in a hospital and under the supervision of a doctor.
The patient needs to drink antibiotics erythromycin and azithromycin according to the standard scheme.
Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted and contact infection. The genitals are most commonly affected, but the eyes and pharynx may be involved.
The main symptoms are:
- fever;
- itching and burning in the genital area;
- purulent discharge from the urethra;
- frequent urge to urinate;
- pain in the lower abdomen;
- dryness, sore throat and sore throat - pharyngitis;
- lacrimation, photophobia, swelling of the eyelids, purulent discharge from the eyes - conjunctivitis.
Gonococcal pharyngitis is less responsive to treatment than gonococcal infection of other sites.
Drugs that are prescribed for treatment gonococcal infection are presented in the table.
| A drug | Dosage for adults | Dosage for children |
| Ceftriaxone | 500 mg once intramuscularly or intravenously | 125-250 mg once |
| Cefixime (Suprax) | 400 mg once | 8 mg / kg single dose |
| Spectinomycin (Trobicin) | 2 g once intramuscularly | 40 mg / kg single dose |
| Azithromycin (Sumamed) | 1 g once | 24 mg / kg single dose |
| Doxycycline (Unidox Solutab) | 100 mg 2 times a day for 7 days | From 8 years old: 2 mg / kg 2 times a day |
Ulcerative necrotizing tonsillitis
Angina Simanovsky-Vincent is caused by bacteria normal microflora the oral cavity is a fusiform bacillus and a spirochete. This disease develops when a sharp decline immunity.
Features of ulcerative necrotic sore throat:
- normal or slightly elevated temperature body;
- good health;
- slight sore throat;
- putrid odor from the mouth;
- defeat of one tonsil;
- dirty green bloom;
- bleeding ulcer, which is visible when removing plaque.
Treatment should be comprehensive and include:
- vitamin therapy - vitamins of group B and C;
- rinsing with antiseptics - Chlohexidine, Miramistin;
- antibiotics from the penicillin group - ampicillin, amoxicillin.
One of the most common reasons for visiting a pediatrician, general practitioner or otolaryngologist, especially in the cold season, is a sore throat.
However, even more often people prefer to self-medicate, abundantly using various antiseptic sprays, lozenges and lozenges to talk, eat and drink without pain.
At the same time, it no longer hurts to swallow and speak, but the treatment as such does not occur.
In some cases, antiseptics and other agents help relieve the disease before the immune system can cope with it on its own. But if the pain in the throat does not go away, intensifies or recurs periodically, it is worth treating it with more effective means.
It usually hurts to swallow due to an inflammatory process in the larynx, pharynx or other organs nearby. Only a doctor can determine the origin of the disease and prescribe the appropriate treatment.
Sore throat can be caused by:
In these cases, neither antibiotics nor antiseptics will work. Some of the causes of sore throat require immediate medical attention.
However, more often the cause of sore throat is acute or chronic pharyngitis, streptococcal infection or tonsillitis. In these cases, the course of treatment must necessarily include antiseptics and antibiotics for the throat.
Reasons for prescribing antibacterial agents
Antibiotics are only prescribed if the inflammation in it is caused by bacteria or germs. The cause of the inflammation can only be determined with the help of a doctor.
This may require some tests, including a throat swab. It will tell your doctor if you have bacteria in your throat and which antibiotic will help treat you most effectively.
Taking antibiotics and even safer antiseptics "just in case" is not worth it - it may not only not help, but also worsen the disease. They disrupt the microflora of the body and cause a number of side effects such as fatigue, indigestion, body rashes, etc.
There are a number of indications for which antibiotics are required:
Even one of these symptoms can be the reason for the appointment of antibiotics and antiseptics, and the presence of several of them makes the intake of antibacterial drugs strictly mandatory.
In addition, antibiotics for sore throat and antiseptics are prescribed if the immune system is weakened, such as after surgery, removal of the spleen, or chemotherapy. For greater efficiency, local antiseptics are combined with oral or other types of drugs.
What drugs are usually prescribed?
Each of the antibacterial drugs has a specific spectrum of action, coping with some groups of bacteria better than others. In the case of a sore throat, antibiotics are most often resorted to with maximum a wide range actions.
So, with sore throat, it is common to prescribe antibiotics of the cephalosporin group. They have different shape release, both for intravenous, oral, and local use.
They are prescribed not only for throat infections, but also for pneumonia, urological, gynecological and other diseases.
The advantage of this group of antibiotics is that they are less likely to cause allergic reactions.
Also, some of the drugs in this group are allowed to be treated during pregnancy, in childhood and adulthood, there are drugs that can be used from birth. Side effects include nausea and bowel upset.
Another popular group of antibiotics prescribed for sore throat is the penicillins. They also have a wide spectrum of action, therefore they are often used in the treatment of angina, tonsillitis, otitis media, sinusitis, as well as bronchitis, pneumonia, skin and urological infections, and are produced for local, oral and other types of use.
They have low toxicity, so they do not cause much harm to the body. In addition, in this group there are medicines that are allowed during pregnancy and in childhood.
However, drugs of the penicillin group more often than other antibiotics cause allergic reactions. Another disadvantage of penicillins - some of them reduce the effectiveness contraception, so you need to be careful when taking them.
Among the most popular and effective antibiotics used for sore throat are the following.
| Name | Release form | Method of reception | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Panzef | Coated tablets; granules for suspension preparation. | Can be taken in one go or divided into two doses. For children under 12 years old or lighter than 50 kg, the volume of the suspension is calculated by body weight. 3 to 9 mg per kilogram of body weight. With kidney disease, the dose is reduced by a quarter. The duration of treatment is one and a half weeks. |
593 rubles |
| Suprax | 400 mg capsules for adults and granules for preparing a suspension for children 5 and 60 ml. | Reception - once a day. For children, the dose of the suspension is determined based on body weight. 8 mg per kilogram of body weight once a day or 4 mg per kilogram of body weight twice a day. The diluted drug is stored in the refrigerator. |
From 545 to 1100 rubles |
| Ceforal Solutab | Light orange tablets in blisters. | The tablets can be taken before or after meals in any form. Can be swallowed with water, the diluted tablet forms a suspension. | From 161 to 323 rubles |
| Amoxicillin | On dilution, the suspension was dissolved. |
The dosage of the drug is determined by the doctor; it is individual for each patient. The average daily dose for adults is 1.5 mg (0.5 mg three times a day), in severe cases it is increased to 3 mg per day. |
From 34 to 94 rubles |
| Amosin | Available in tablets, capsules, granules and powder. The solution is suitable for intravenous and intramuscular administration. |
The drug is taken before meals or immediately after meals. The tablet can be taken with water, dissolved or chewed. Daily dose for adults - 1.5 mg per day, in three doses. For children, the drug is given in the form of a suspension, the dose is prescribed by a doctor. |
50 rubles |
| Flemoxin Solutab | Tablets in blisters, active substance- 250 mg. | Take anytime, before, during or after meals. The tablet can be chewed or swallowed with water. Dissolved in water, forms a suspension. For children from 1 to 10 years old, the dose is calculated as 30 mg per kilogram of body weight. |
From 192 to 356 rubles |
| Hikontsil | Capsules or powder for suspension. | Tablets are taken at any time, can be taken whole, chewed or diluted in water. When diluted, a suspension is obtained. Adults and children from 10 years old are prescribed from 0.5 g three times a day. For children, the dose is calculated individually. Duration of admission is from 5 to 12 days. |
From 41 to 69 rubles |
| Amoxiclav | Tablets in glass bottles and blisters; powder for preparation of suspension or solution for injection. | Duration of administration and dosage depends on the disease. For maximum reduction side effects, the drug is recommended to be taken with food. The course of treatment is from 5 days to 2 weeks. |
From 115 to 370 rubles |
| Augmentin | Oval-shaped film-coated tablets; powder for suspension preparation; powder for the preparation of intravenous injections. | Before prescribing, it is necessary to undergo testing for a sensitive pathogen of inflammation to this drug. Dosage and duration of treatment depend on kidney function, weight, age and severity of the disease. On average, treatment lasts from 5 to 14 days. Can be used orally and parenterally. For adults and children from 12 years old - 1 tablet 3 times a day, the dosage is chosen by the doctor. Strict adherence to the doctor's recommendations and the prescribed dosage is imperative. |
From 137 to 267 rubles |
| Panclave | Titanium dioxide coated tablets in a plastic bottle. The active ingredient is 125 or 250 mg. | Allowed only for adults and children over 12 years old. The dosage is 125 or 250 mg two to three times a day. The course of treatment is 1-2 weeks. To minimize harm to digestion, take with food. |
From 270 to 384 rubles |
| Flemoklav Solutab | Dispersible tablets, active ingredient - 500 mg, excipient- 125 mg | It is taken before meals, washed down with plenty of boiled water or dissolved in the same amount of water. The duration of treatment does not exceed two weeks. |
From 243 to 686 rubles |
Contraindications for use
Despite the effectiveness, antibiotics for throat can not be taken by everyone and not all. Treat sore throat antibiotics should not be:
If the disease is very serious, then when prescribing antibiotics for treatment, the rule of risk-benefit ratio is followed, or the safest drugs are chosen.
In the case of a sore throat, it is possible to use local antiseptic eg spray. However, an antiseptic is less effective than antibiotics.
Antibiotics can do both good and bad for the body. It is important to observe the following rules:
Take your health seriously, visit doctors and do not miss your medication - this is the only way to quickly and permanently get rid of any disease.
Adequate diagnosis and rational effective treatment diseases of the pharynx remain urgent problems of practical health care. In Europe and Russian Federation already at the first visit with complaints of sore throat in 70% clinical cases medical workers prescribe antibiotics to patients 1. But, unfortunately, this is not always justified.
Most throat diseases are caused by viruses, although some are caused by bacteria. Without a special examination, it is quite difficult to immediately determine whether it is bacterial, viral, or maybe even fungal infection... But the answer to the question depends on the nature of the disease: with the help of what to fight it.
No antibiotics
Against the background of the often unreasonable and irrational use of systemic antimicrobial drugs v last years there is an increase in the number of antibiotic-resistant strains of the bacterial flora. It turns out that bacteria are becoming more resistant to drugs, and people have to take antibiotics that are even stronger, and therefore more serious for the body, for treatment.
Not only do antibacterial drugs only deal with bacteria and not viruses, they also quite often cause side effects such as diarrhea, feeling tired, body rashes and stomach problems.
Therefore, at the first coughing, you should not run to the pharmacy for an antibiotic. First, you need to correctly determine the diagnosis and understand the methods of treatment. inflammatory diseases pharynx.
When is an antibiotic appropriate?
To determine whether antibiotics are really necessary in the treatment of throat and thereby reduce the number of cases of unnecessary intake of antibacterial drugs, experts use visual express tests. Also, the patient's complaints about the symptoms of the disease help to determine the correct diagnosis.
A bacterial infection can be calculated by the following criteria:
- swollen tonsils, the presence of pus or serous plaque on them;
- inflammation of the lymph nodes in the neck;
- severe sore throat;
- the temperature is elevated and does not go astray, there is a fever.
If present most of of these symptoms, it is most likely bacterial tonsillitis. Then antibiotics may be warranted. Also, antibacterial drugs for sore throat can be recommended if your immune system cannot cope with microorganisms on its own or the infection is so serious that it does not weaken for a long time.
Decent alternative
A worthy alternative to antibiotic treatment is the use of topical medicines... The main advantages of local therapy are the creation of the optimal concentration of the drug in the area of the pathological focus and the absence of systemic action.
Clinically grounded pathogenetic treatment of sore throat with a high safety profile is the use of a drug with pronounced anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.
Available in lozenge form and contains low doses active ingredient- flurbiprofen. The mechanism of action of flurbiprofen is associated with inhibition of the enzyme cyclooxygenase and inhibition of the synthesis of prostaglandins - inflammatory mediators that cause the development of edema, pain, hyperemia and functional disorders 2. Long-term relief of sore throat 3.
Distinctive features Strepsils® Intensive:
- suppresses inflammatory process caused by exposure to viruses and bacteria,
- lasts a long time 3,
- has a high safety profile 4,
- produced in convenient form lozenges (effectively affects the entire surface of the pharynx and has a longer lasting effect, unlike others dosage forms 5),
- helps to improve the quality of life of patients.
Choosing Strepsils® Intensive, you approach the treatment of your throat wisely.
Pharmacotherapeutic group: NSAIDs. R.U .: LSR-000884/09. Release date: June 2016. Representative in Russia: Reckitt Benckizer Healthcare LLC
1. Kozlov S.N., Strachunsky L.S., Rachina S.A. Pharmacotherapy of acute tonsillopharyngitis in outpatient practice: results of a multicenter pharmacoepidemiological study. Ter. archive 2004; 76 (5): 45-51
2. Balabanova R.M., Stepanets O.V. The efficacy and safety of flurbiprofen for sore throat. Therapist. 2004. No. 8
3. The action lasts up to 4 hours.
In order to speed up the healing process and avoid dangerous complications appointment required antibacterial therapy .
How do antibiotics work for sore throat?
Depending on the type, antibiotics for sore throat can affect bacteria in different ways... Scientists divide them into:
- bactericidal- they act directly on microorganisms, destroying their cellular structure and causing death;
- bacteriostatic- block the process of reproduction of bacteria, due to which their number is reduced. In this case, their own immunity is activated.
Know! The choice of one or another antibiotic is determined by the type of pathogen, the individual characteristics of the patient's body and his age.
Only the attending physician can prescribe antibiotic therapy..
Self-medication can lead not only to serious complications, but also provoke bacterial resistance to the drug.
Which throat conditions need to be treated with antibiotics?
Drugs antibacterial action are prescribed only if it is impossible to cope with the disease by other methods.
Their use allows you to avoid complications and speed up the healing process. Medicines of this group can be used to treat a wide range of diseases.
Pharyngitis
it bacterial infection that affects the patient's throat... In this case, the patient develops pain syndrome, which can be quite pronounced, especially during swallowing.
In addition, a person may complain of tickling, burning, and persistent coughing.
In this case, the patient the following symptoms are observed:
- sore throat;
- feeling of a foreign object in the throat:
- cough;
- increased body temperature and general intoxication of the body.
Angina
The main danger of the disease consists v possible complications
, which include arthritis, rheumatism, damage to the heart and blood vessels, as well as some others.
Admission rules
When taking antibiotics, you must adhere to a number of rules. it will help you avoid complications and make the treatment most effective.
The main rules are:
Best remedies for adults
Antibacterial therapy in adults should be carried out under the supervision of a physician.
Note! It is best to take a throat swab before prescribing the drug, this will allow you to identify the pathogen and choose the most effective remedy.
Amoxicillin
Suitable for the treatment of diseases of the ear, nose and throat.
Effective for angina, laryngitis and pharyngitis, as well as other diseases.
A drug low toxicity and can be used even by allergy sufferers... The product is available in a dosage of 500 or 1000 mg, depending on which it can be taken 2 to 3 times a day.
On average, the course of treatment with amoxicillin lasts from 7 to 10 days. In the event that the symptoms of the disease do not disappear within the specified time, a replacement drug is required.
Cefuroxime
Same way assigned at bacterial diseases throat... These include follicular sore throat, tonsillitis, etc.
Antibiotic has a number of contraindications, in this connection, before its appointment, it is recommended to pass comprehensive examination organism.
Dalatsin
Dalatsin effective against angina, laryngitis and pharyngitis. This medicine not prescribed for hypersensitivity To active substance, pregnancy and lactation, as well as in violation of the functioning of the liver and kidneys.
The drug is taken 4 times a day. The tablet is not chewed and washed down copious amounts clean water.
Usually in therapeutic purposes Dalatsin is prescribed at a dosage of 150 mg, however, in advanced cases, the dosage can be increased to 350-450 mg.
Lincomycin
One of the most popular remedies for the treatment of diseases of the ENT organs... It is used for angina, pharyngitis, as well as in case of complications of these diseases.
Be careful! The drug is prohibited from admission in patients with serious liver and kidney damage.
The drug is produced in capsules, which are taken one hour before meals, with plenty of water.
Preparations for children
Sumamed
A popular remedy for the treatment of ENT diseases in children. Sumamed is prescribed for the treatment of tonsillitis, pharyngitis, as well as their complications.
it enough strong drug , dosage whom calculated based on the weight and age of the child:
With streptococcal infection, the dosage is increased to 20 mg per 1 kg of body weight, and the duration of administration is 3 days.
Flemoxin
Most often Flemoxin prescribed for children with angina... The tablets are available in dosages of 125, 250 and 500 mg.
Its useful to note! The frequency of administration and dosage of the drug depends entirely on the age of the child:
- children from 3 to 10 years old - 1 tablet, 250 mg 2 times a day;
- children from 10 years old - 2-3 tablets of 250 mg 2 times a day.
Patients under 3 years of age are prescribed ½ tablets 2-3 times a day. Besides, before treatment, you must carefully study the instructions attached to the preparation.
Amoxiclav
A drug that can be used to treat children from birth.
Means helps with diseases throat, caused by pathogenic bacteria.
Amoxiclav is prescribed for angina and its complications. The dosage and schedule of admission are calculated individually for each patient:
- children under 3 months - 30 mg per 1 kg of body weight. This dose must be divided into three parts and given to the child at regular intervals;
- children from 3 months - 25 mg per 1 kg of body weight. This amount is also divided into three equal parts.
In the event that the disease is severe or accompanied by complications, the dosage of the substance can be increased to 45 mg.
Unidox
It is an antibiotic of the lincosamide group, broad-spectrum.
Important! It is prescribed for many diseases of the throat, accompanied by severe pain and prolonged temperature rise.
The drug is taken once in a dosage of 200 mg. The course of treatment depends on the severity of the disease and can range from 7 days to 3 weeks.
Means for application without temperature
Antibiotics in the absence of fever are necessary if the symptoms of the disease persist long time.
The most common drugs include:
Various infectious diseases provoke development, pathological conditions upper respiratory tract. Streptococcus is a common causative agent of the disease. To suppress it, antibacterial drugs are used.
They are necessary to prevent complications such as rheumatoid arthritis, paratonsillitis. Antibiotics for sore throat will help relieve symptoms of the disease and relieve the patient's condition.
The main indications for prescribing drugs are: soreness of the lymph nodes in the neck, no coughing and high body temperature. In addition to antibiotics, vitamins, immunostimulants and antipyretics are prescribed.
Today, it is very common to hear that antibiotics do more harm to the body than they do. curative action... Indeed, these drugs are capable of destroying not only pathogenic microorganisms, but also useful microflora.
As a result, over time, dysbiosis begins to develop. In people prone to allergic reaction, taking antibiotics can provoke serious conditions hypersensitivity, up to anaphylactic shock.
However, many diseases simply cannot be cured without the use of antibacterial agents... This is especially true if a sufficiently high body temperature has risen, purulent formations have appeared on the tonsils (see), suffers general state the body, a painful cough and pain when swallowing are formed.
On average, a therapeutic course is about 1 week. Often, patients stop taking drugs after they disappear severe symptoms... Many associate this with negative influence antibacterial agents for the general condition of the body. This tactic is incorrect and unreasonable.
If you stop taking antibiotics at this stage, the disease may progress. In this case, the resistance of microorganisms to this kind anti-inflammatory drug.
Attention!!! To reduce negative impact antibiotics must be taken from the first days of treatment, special medications that will help restore the microflora gastrointestinal tract and also protect the liver from the damaging effects of antibiotics.
How long does it take to take antibiotics for sore throat?
The course of treatment is prescribed by a doctor. Its duration depends on the type of drug, the severity of the disease, the state of the patient's immunological status, as well as the stage of development pathological process... Basically, it is 10 to 14 days.
If the inflammatory process is insignificant, then antibiotics are taken for about 1 week. To completely eradicate the infection, you must undergo a full course of treatment.
Do not stop taking antibiotics in the absence of high temperature body, general malaise and other symptoms indicative of inflammatory processes in the respiratory tract.
It is forbidden to independently change the duration of the practical course and the dosage of the drug. It is necessary to strictly follow the instructions and recommendations of the doctor. This will help avoid severe complications from the side respiratory system and the whole organism as a whole.
Effective drugs for the treatment of sore throat
With absence correct treatment all diseases of the respiratory tract that can go into chronic form... Therefore, all medications must be prescribed by a doctor. The most appropriate is the use of penicillin antibiotics.
The price for them remains the lowest of all existing medicines of such action. These funds cause the least harm to the body. However, to penicillins recent times there is a strong resistance of pathogenic microflora.
In this regard, the following drugs are considered effective:
- Cephalexin;
- Klacid;
- Erythromycin;
- Cefazolin;
- Siflox;
- Klacid;
- Lendacin.
These drugs for sore throat improve the condition of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract in the first hours after administration. In the presence of a high body temperature, it is recommended to additionally use antipyretic and pain relievers.
This will help remove headache, general malaise and joint pain. If the body temperature does not reach 38 degrees, then you should not knock it down. The body must make its own antibodies to suppress the infection.
In more detail it is worth dwelling on the following types drugs:
- Amoxicillin.
It is a widespread antibacterial agent. It is used in the background viral infections throat as well as bacterial lesions. Amoxicillin is effective against a large number bacteria. This drug has the first line of prescriptions, as it is highly effective and practically safe for all population groups.
The main adverse reactions occur in the form:
- diarrhea;
- vomiting;
- nausea;
- pain in the liver;
- lack of appetite;
- skin rash;
- conjunctivitis and cheilitis.
Severe conditions are extremely rare. These include leukopenia, anaphylactic shock, agranulocytosis.
- Sumamed.
This is a fairly strong antibiotic. Remains active for a long time practically against all microorganisms. The tool is easy to use. The cleanliness of the reception is only once a day. Suspension, injection and tablet release form.
Like other drugs, there are contraindications and side conditions in the form of disorders of the stomach and intestines. The therapeutic course is about 1 week. For children, the calculation is shown taking into account the child's body weight, namely 10 ml per 1 kg of weight.
It is recommended to use this dose for up to 3 days, then reduce it by 2 times. Reception is carried out one hour before or after meals. It is very important to use probiotics in parallel to protect the beneficial microflora and especially the intestines. Before using this anti-inflammatory throat, it is advisable to take a throat swab to check the sensitivity of the bacteria to the antibiotic.
- Flemoxin.
This drug can be used by both adults and children of various ages. Flemoxin is prescribed even during pregnancy. Maximum concentration in the blood, drugs after administration are observed after 2 hours. It actively affects gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
The release form of the drug is a tablet or suspension. The duration of treatment is 2 weeks. The drug is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity, kidney and liver diseases, as well as in cases of infection that provoke inflammation of the lymph nodes. Despite the minimal contraindications, the instruction indicates in which cases Flemoxin cannot be used.
- Amoxiclav.
it medication with a unique action. Amoxiclav can be prescribed to children at the age of 3 months. Unique properties the drug consists in the combined action of 2 components, Amoxicillin and Clavulanic acid. The effect is observed after 1-2 days. The throat stops hurting and the general condition of the body improves.
In its composition, the antibiotic is very similar to Amoxiclav. It is also prescribed in childhood. Thanks to clavulanic acid, the active ingredient is not degraded by enzymes. This provides him detrimental effect on most pathogenic bacteria.
- Cephalexin.
The tool is used regardless of food intake. For an adult, enough daily dosage about 2 grams. At severe course diseases of the upper respiratory tract, the dose should be 4 grams per day. At streptococcal lesion throat treatment is 10-12 days.
And here's what medications you can take for sore throat.
| P / p No. | Pathology type | Manifestation of the disease | The most effective antibiotics |
| 1. | Purulent affection of the throat. | Bright red tonsils with purulent foci of white or gray color. | Penicillin: Azithromycin, Ampicillin. Cephalosporins: Cephalexin. Macrolides: Erythromycin. |
| 2. | . | Great enlargement of the tonsils, with pustules. yellow color up to 2 mm in diameter. | Flemoxin, Erythromycin, Sumamed, Ampicillin. |
| 3. | Lacunar angina. | Affects the upper Airways... It quickly turns into pneumonia. | Tsiprolet, Sumamed. |
| 4. | Herpetic affection of the throat. | Small bubbles on soft palate, tonsils, pharynx. Violation of the general condition. | It is only treated antiviral drugs and remedies for the relief of general symptoms. |
| 5. | Catarrhal sore throat. | It proceeds with inflammation of the regional lymph nodes. | Bactrim, Erythromycin, Augmentin, Streptocid. |
| 6. | Streptococcal infection. | It is more common in children. General intoxication, inflammation of the mucous membrane of the tonsils and pharynx. | Amoxicillin, Cefuroxime, Cefprozil, Cephalexin. |
For sore throat medications in the form of antibiotics have a number of indications and contraindications. Therefore, their reception must be agreed with the doctor.
Prescribing antibacterial agents
Antibiotics are prescribed when pathogenic bacteria or germs in the throat. For this, various laboratory tests are carried out.
There are certain indications for taking these medications:
- strong inflammatory process in the tonsils;
- purulent plaque;
- inflammation and soreness of the lymph nodes in the neck, head and armpits;
- an increase in body temperature to dangerous values;
- rash on the body; types of various morphological elements;
- swelling of the submandibular region;
- severe sore throat, especially on one side;
- the appearance of signs of abscess formation;
- the duration of the pain is about 5 days or longer.
In the presence of at least one symptom, it already indicates the use of antibacterial agents.
The main contraindications
Despite the fact that these drugs are quite effective, they cannot be used in every case.
Antibiotic medicine for sore throat is not recommended for the following cases:
- severe kidney and liver disease;
- pregnancy and lactation;
- hypersensitivity to the components of the drug;
- disease of the gastrointestinal tract in this case, local prescription of the drug is recommended;
- an allergic reaction to penicillin drugs;
- neoplasms different etiology and localization.
Topical use of antibacterial drugs
Bioparox - topical antibacterial drug
Sore throat treatment is carried out on a general basis. Local therapy will be ineffective in the absence of general exposure.
Therapeutic measures are as follows:
- bed rest;
- throat irrigation with aerosols;
- the use of absorbable tablets;
- gargling with decoctions of herbs and infusions;
- drinking plenty of fluids;
- use of antibiotics;
- strengthening the immune system, both local and general.
The use of antibacterial agents is allowed only in combination with general exposure. The most effective will be the use of Bioparox.
This drug has a pronounced therapeutic effect during treatment chronic tonsillitis... It is prescribed by inhalation. In childhood, inhalation is done every 5-6 hours. For adults, throat irrigation is recommended after 4 hours.
When irrigating, a special nozzle on the bottle is used. After application, it is thoroughly washed and processed antiseptic solution... The video in this article explains in more detail how Bioparox is used correctly.
Taking funds during pregnancy
The inflammatory process itself can cause enormous harm to the health of the unborn baby. Antibacterial drugs in turn, they can also disrupt the development of the child while still in the womb. Therefore, these medications are not recommended to be taken in the first trimester of pregnancy. It is known that during this period the main formation of the child's organs and systems takes place.
A competent approach to the choice of medicines will help to avoid complications, both in the mother and in the unborn baby. The selection of antibiotics during pregnancy should be performed strictly by an obstetrician-gynecologist and a laryngologist.
If the mother's body temperature rises during breastfeeding, this procedure should be canceled until recovery normal values... In this case, funds are assigned to provide minimal harm health of the woman.
Ideally, for a sore throat, lactating women are advised to use a homemade remedy. It can be decoctions medicinal herbs a solution of soda and salt with the addition of iodine drops. Decoctions of chamomile and sage with the addition of eucalyptus oil have a rather powerful effect. A good therapeutic effect is provided by the use of hot tea with lemon and honey with milk.
To avoid health problems, you should take more seriously your body's signals that clearly indicate a malfunction. In addition, you should regularly visit your doctor, do not forget to take it on time and at correct dosage medicines and strengthen your immune system... This is the only way to effectively fight any disease.
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