Mildronate is a drug that improves metabolism and energy supply at the tissue and cellular level in all organs. Mildronate is used to eliminate the lack of energy and accelerate metabolism in tissues in various chronic diseases and functional disorders, such as coronary heart disease, heart failure, myocardial dystrophy, retinopathy, bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, alcoholic withdrawal syndrome, reduced mental and physical performance, overexertion and circulatory disorders in the brain and retina.
Names, release forms, composition and dosages of Mildronate
Mildronate is currently available in three dosage forms Oh:1. Capsules for oral administration;
2. Syrup for oral administration;
3. Solution for injection (intramuscular, intravenous and parabulbar).
All three dosage forms of Mildronate contain the same active substance - meldonium. This active substance is also called mildronate or trimethylhydrazinium propionate dihydrate. Some instructions for use attached to the drug indicate the name active substance(INN) meldonium, in others - mildronate, and in others - trimethylhydrazinium propionate dihydrate. However, in all cases we are talking about the same thing. chemical substance, which is designated by different names.
Mildronate capsules as excipients contain gelatin, titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, calcium stearate and potato starch. The injection solution does not contain any excipients, since it contains only meldonium and purified water. Mildronate syrup contains the following excipients:
- Methyl parahydroxybenzoate;
- Propyl parahydroxybenzoate;
- Propylene glycol;
- Glycerol;
- Citric acid monohydrate;
- Cherry essence;
- Allura Red dye (E129);
- DyeBrilliant Black BN (E151);
Mildronate capsules are often called tablets. However, since the drug does not have such a dosage form, the term “tablets” means a type of Mildronate for oral administration, and these are capsules. Therefore in in this case capsules = tablets. To indicate the required dosage of capsules, short names are usually used, such as Mildronate 250 And Mildronate 500, where the number corresponds to the dose of the active substance. To designate a solution for injection in everyday life, short forms of names are often used, such as Mildronate injections And Mildronate ampoules.
Therapeutic effect of Mildronate
Mildronate improves metabolism and energy supply to tissues, and due to this has the following therapeutic effects: - Cardioprotective effect – protecting heart cells from negative influences and improving their viability;
- Antianginal effect – reduction in the oxygen needs of myocardial cells (due to this effect, myocardial cells have enough of even a small amount of oxygen supplied under ischemic conditions, which reduces the severity of pain, reduces the frequency of angina attacks and increases the tolerance of physical and emotional stress);
- Antihypoxic effect - decrease negative influence oxygen deficiency;
- Angioprotective effect – protection and ensuring the integrity of the walls of blood vessels;
- Tonic effect.
In the heart muscle, brain and retina, Mildronate redistributes blood flow and directs a larger volume of blood to those areas that are deficient in oxygen, that is, they function under ischemic conditions. Thus, optimal blood supply is achieved, in which all areas of the organ or tissue, including those suffering from ischemia, receive sufficient quantity oxygen and nutrients.
At increased loads, Mildronate ensures a balance between the cells' needs for oxygen and its actual delivery through the blood, that is, it creates operating conditions under which there is always enough oxygen. In addition, Mildronate accelerates the removal of toxic metabolic products from cells and protects them from damage.
When Mildronate is used several hours after myocardial infarction, the drug slows down the formation of a zone of tissue necrosis and makes the rehabilitation period much shorter. At coronary disease heart and heart failure Mildronate increases the strength of myocardial contractions, improves exercise tolerance and reduces the frequency of angina attacks.
For acute and chronic disorders cerebral circulation Mildronate improves blood supply to the area that is ischemic, that is, experiencing oxygen starvation. This effect is achieved by redistributing blood flow in favor of the area of the brain experiencing oxygen deficiency.
During alcohol withdrawal and in people with alcoholism, Mildronate eliminates functional disorders at work nervous system(relieves tremors, normalizes memory, attention, reaction speed, etc.).
With the use of the drug, the body of a healthy person becomes able to withstand high loads and short time restore your energy reserves. In addition, Mildronate in healthy people increases performance and relieves symptoms of mental and physical stress.
Mildronate - indications for use
Mildronate is indicated for use if a person has the following diseases or conditions:- Coronary heart disease (as part of complex treatment);
- Angina pectoris (as part of complex treatment);
- Myocardial infarction (as part of complex treatment);
- Chronic heart failure;
- Pain in the heart due to myocardial dystrophy;
- Dyshormonal cardiomyopathy (myocardial dystrophy);
- Functional disorders of cardio-vascular system in teenagers;
- Myocardial dystrophy in adolescents;
- Neurocirculatory dystonia in adolescents;
- Acute and chronic cerebral circulatory disorders (stroke, cerebrovascular insufficiency);
- Poor blood circulation in the retina;
- Hemophthalmos (injection solution only);
- Hemorrhages in the retina (injection solution only);
- Thrombosis central vein retina or its branches (injection solution only);
- Diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy (injection solution only);
- Bronchial asthma (includes complex therapy);
- Chronic bronchitis (as part of complex therapy);
- Alcohol withdrawal (as part of complex treatment);
- Chronic alcoholism (as part of complex treatment);
- Low mental and physical performance;
- Physical stress and fatigue;
- Postoperative period after any surgical intervention.
- For quick recovery after high loads in training and competitions;
- Overtraining;
- Low performance.
Mildronate (international generic name- meldonium) is a very interesting drug, synthesized in the 70s of the last century by scientists of the Academy of Sciences of Latvia, which has firmly established itself on Russian pharmacy counters. It has a whole spectrum pharmacological effects: antianginal (directed against angina attacks), cardioprotective, antihypoxic (increasing resistance to oxygen starvation) and angioprotective (beneficially affecting the vascular wall and microcirculation). To be fair, it should be noted that mildronate has not yet earned recognition either in Europe or in the USA. However, its effectiveness has been confirmed according to all the rules evidence-based medicine in two double-blind randomized clinical trials held in Riga and Tomsk. And it is unlikely that mildronate would have managed to gain such popularity among domestic specialists, patients and even athletes if it had been a useless “dummy”.
Against the background of increased load, the drug balances the processes of oxygen delivery to cells and its consumption at the destination, prevents the accumulation of toxic breakdown products in cells, protecting them from damage, and has a tonic effect. Thanks to mildronate, the body is endowed with the ability to withstand increased stress and quickly restore its energy reserves. In this regard, mildronate is used in the treatment of various cardiovascular pathologies, cerebrovascular disorders, and increasing mental and physical performance.
The vasodilating properties of mildronate are due to its ability to reduce the concentration of carnitine while increasing the synthesis of gamma-butyrobetaine. At acute ischemia cardiac muscle, the drug slows down the necrotic degeneration of myocytes and accelerates the rehabilitation process. In case of heart failure, mildronate helps the myocardium to contract better and withstand physical activity. For acute and chronic ischemia brain, the drug improves cerebral circulation and optimizes microcirculation in favor of the tissue area most affected by ischemia. In ophthalmology, mildronate is used in cases of vascular and dystrophic pathology of the fundus. Due to its ability to eliminate functional disorders of the central nervous system in persons suffering from alcoholism, the drug is effective in treating withdrawal symptoms.
The Latvian pharmaceutical industry has mastered the production of three dosage forms of mildronate: capsules, solution for intravenous and parabulbar (in the lower eyelid) administration, and syrup. Specific dosages of the drug depending on the disease and age of the patient can be found in the package inserts, although, given the prescription order for dispensing mildronate (including syrup), this is not necessary, because The last (and even the first) word in any case remains with the doctor.
Pharmacology
A drug that improves metabolism and energy supply to tissues. Meldonium dihydrate is a synthetic analogue of gamma-butyrobetaine, a substance that is found in every cell of the human body.
The mechanism of action determines the variety of its pharmacological effects: increased performance, reduced symptoms of mental and physical stress, activation of tissue and humoral immunity, cardioprotective effect.
Inhibits gamma-butyrobetaine hydrooxinase, reduces carnitine synthesis and transport of long-chain fatty acids through cell membranes, prevents the accumulation in cells of activated forms of non-oxidized fatty acids - derivatives of acylcarnitine and acyl-coenzyme A. Under conditions of ischemia, meldonium restores the balance between the processes of oxygen delivery and its consumption in cells, prevents disruption of ATP transport; At the same time, it activates glycolysis, which occurs without additional oxygen consumption. As a result of a decrease in carnitine concentration, gamma-butyrobetaine, which has vasodilating properties, is intensively synthesized.
It has a cardioprotective effect and normalizes myocardial metabolism. In acute ischemic damage myocardium, meldonium slows down the formation of the necrotic zone, shortens rehabilitation period. In heart failure, the drug increases myocardial contractility, increases exercise tolerance, and reduces the frequency of angina attacks.
In acute and chronic ischemic disorders of cerebral circulation, it improves blood circulation in the ischemic area and promotes the redistribution of blood in favor of the ischemic area.
Effective for vascular and dystrophic pathology of the fundus.
Has a tonic effect on the central nervous system, eliminates functional disorders of the somatic and autonomic nervous system in patients chronic alcoholism with withdrawal syndrome.
Pharmacokinetics
Suction
After oral administration, meldonium dihydrate is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability is 78%. Cmax in blood plasma is achieved 1-2 hours after oral administration.
Metabolism and excretion
Metabolized mainly in the liver with the formation of two main metabolites, which are excreted by the kidneys. T1/2 when taken orally is 3-6 hours and depends on the dose.
Release form
Hard gelatin capsules, size No. 1, white; the contents of the capsules are white crystalline powder with a slight odor, hygroscopic.
Excipients: potato starch - 13.6 mg, colloidal silicon dioxide - 5.4 mg, calcium stearate - 2.7 mg.
Composition of the capsule shell: titanium dioxide (E171) - 2%, gelatin - up to 100%.
10 pieces. - contour cell packaging (4) - cardboard packs.
Dosage
Due to the possibility of developing an stimulating effect, the drug is recommended to be used in the first half of the day and no later than 17.00 (if taken several times a day).
For ischemic heart disease (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction), chronic heart failure, as part of complex therapy, the drug is prescribed orally at a dose of 0.5-1 g/day, frequency of use 1-2 times/day. The course of treatment is 4-6 weeks.
For dishormonal cardiomyopathy, Mildronate ® as part of complex therapy is prescribed orally at a dose of 500 mg/day. The course of treatment is 12 days.
In case of subacute cerebrovascular accidents (stroke and cerebrovascular insufficiency), after completing the course of injection therapy with Mildronate ®, continue to be taken orally as part of complex therapy at 0.5-1 g/day, using the entire dose once or dividing it into 2 doses. The course of treatment is 4-6 weeks.
For chronic cerebrovascular accidents, the drug is taken orally as part of complex therapy at a dose of 0.5 g/day. The general course of therapy is 4-6 weeks. Repeated courses are possible after consultation with a doctor (usually 2-3 times a year).
In case of reduced performance, mental and physical stress (including in athletes), 500 mg is prescribed orally 2 times a day. The course of treatment is 10-14 days. If necessary, therapy is repeated after 2-3 weeks.
With withdrawal syndrome in chronic alcoholism (in combination with specific therapy alcoholism) the drug is prescribed orally at 500 mg 4 times a day. The course of treatment is 7-10 days.
Overdose
Symptoms: decreased blood pressure, accompanied by headache, tachycardia, dizziness and general weakness.
Treatment: symptomatic therapy.
Interaction
Mildronate ® enhances the effect of coronary dilation agents, some antihypertensive drugs, cardiac glycosides.
Mildronate ® can be combined with prolonged forms of nitrates, other antianginal drugs, anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents, antiarrhythmic drugs, diuretics and bronchodilators.
In view of possible development tachycardia and arterial hypotension, caution should be exercised when combined with nitroglycerin (for sublingual use) and antihypertensive drugs (especially alpha-blockers and short-acting forms of nifedipine).
Side effects
Rarely - allergic reactions(redness and itching of the skin, skin rash, urticaria, angioedema), as well as dyspeptic symptoms, tachycardia, decreased or increased blood pressure, increased excitability.
Very rarely - eosinophilia, general weakness.
Indications
- as part of complex therapy for coronary artery disease (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction), chronic heart failure, dyshormonal cardiomyopathy;
- as part of complex therapy for subacute and chronic cerebrovascular accidents (stroke and cerebrovascular insufficiency);
- reduced performance;
- mental and physical overexertion(including athletes);
- withdrawal syndrome in chronic alcoholism (in combination with specific therapy for alcoholism).
Contraindications
- increased intracranial pressure (including in case of impaired venous outflow, intracranial tumors);
- age under 18 years (efficacy and safety have not been established);
- pregnancy;
- lactation period (breastfeeding);
- hypersensitivity to the active substance and other components of the drug.
The drug should be used with caution in case of liver and/or kidney diseases.
Features of application
Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding
The safety of the drug during pregnancy has not been established. To avoid possible adverse effects on the fetus, Mildronate ® should not be prescribed during pregnancy.
It is unknown whether meldonium dihydrate is released from breast milk. If necessary, use the drug Mildronate ® during lactation breast-feeding should be stopped.
Use for liver dysfunction
Use with caution in case of liver diseases.Use for renal impairment
Use with caution in case of kidney disease.Use in children
Contraindicated for use in children and adolescence up to 18 years of age (efficacy and safety have not been established).special instructions
Patients with chronic diseases liver and kidneys, caution should be exercised during long-term use of the drug.
Use in pediatrics
There is insufficient data on the use of Mildronate ® in children and adolescents under 18 years of age.
Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery
There is no data on the adverse effects of the drug Mildronate ® on the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery.
Athletes and older people have been familiar with a drug such as Mildronate (or Meldonium) for many years. However, most Russians became interested in the properties of the drug only now, in connection with the sensational investigations of a number of anti-doping agencies in the media. Initially, Mildronate was intended to combat heart problems that arise against the background of increased energy costs or wear and tear of the body. Today the drug is often used by healthy people, athletes and those who want to get rid of excess weight.
How does Mildronate work?
Today Mildronate is available in three dosage forms:
- Gelatin capsules in two sizes.
- Injection.
- Pills.
In all cases, as the main active substance meldonium appears. It is an analogue of a component that is part of every cell human body. Taking Mildronate leads to the launch of many chemical reactions and the following results:
- Improving the body's performance indicators, increasing efficiency.
- Increasing humoral (carried out through liquids) and tissue immunity.
- Dulling of the reaction to psychological and physiological stress.
- Cardioactivity protection.
Thanks to these properties, the drug can be used in young, mature and elderly people to improve heart function. The medicine is also useful for athletes and people forced to experience severe physical and emotional stress.
What are the benefits of using the drug?
The therapeutic properties of Mildronate appear depending on the purpose for which it is planned to be used.
The main effects that can be expected during the implementation drug treatment, the following:
- In case of heart failure, the strength of contractions of the heart muscle increases, thus reducing the risk of an angina attack; in addition, meldonium increases the body's resistance to physical stress.
- If there is damage to the myocardium, the rate of formation of areas with signs of necrosis decreases and, accordingly, the rehabilitation period is shortened. At the same time, blood circulation in the damaged, ischemic area significantly improves.
- If a person experiences increased physical activity, Mildronate restores the normal supply of oxygen to cells, prevents the accumulation of toxins and waste products of cellular metabolism, increases the stability of cells and their structures, and prevents their excessive destruction. As a result, the speed of metabolic processes increases and the body recovers faster.
Advice
The majority of reviews about the use of the drug based on meldonium are positive. But the required result of therapy is possible only with correct dosage, which is assigned individually. Before taking Mildronate, you should be examined by a cardiologist and agree with him on the specifics of taking the drug.
- Mildronate also has a tonic effect on the central autonomic nervous system. This is often used to eliminate disorders that have arisen against the background of withdrawal syndrome (due to chronic alcoholism).
- The drug is also used in ophthalmology. It helps improve visual acuity by positive influence on small vessels supplying the retina with blood.
The maximum severity given positive effects achieved when using an injection solution. Tablets can show up to 78% of its effectiveness. Regardless of what form of medication is used, its breakdown products will be excreted by the kidneys. They do not have any toxic load and do not harm the excretory organs.
Who should take Mildronate?
The drug is contraindicated in children and adolescents under 18 years of age. The effect of meldonium on a woman’s body during pregnancy and lactation has not been fully studied; its use during these periods should be avoided.
Mildronate tablets and capsules are prescribed in the following cases:
- ischemic disease, as part of complex therapy;
- vascular diseases, in particular, the periphery of the arteries;
- physical, mental and emotional stress;
- the need to speed up the rehabilitation process after surgery or long-term treatment;
- chronic heart failure;
- chronic pain in the heart in the absence of obvious pathology;
- obstructive pulmonary conditions (bronchitis, asthma, emphysema) of a chronic type;
- rehabilitation after stroke;
- chronic alcohol addiction, in complex treatment.
The injection solution can be used for all of the above conditions. Apart from this, it is additionally used in the following cases:
- hemophthalmos (blood entering the vitreous eyes) of total, subtotal and partial type;
- retinal hemorrhage;
- damage to the eyeball, dilation of blood vessels on its surface;
- the formation of blood clots, leading to impaired vascular patency as a result pathological processes in the central branch of the retina.
Even if one of these diagnoses was made by a specialized specialist, you do not need to independently prescribe Mildronate in any of its forms. It is necessary to agree on the dosage and frequency of administration with the doctor, to make sure that there are no contraindications to specific therapy.
Meldonium is often prescribed in combination with other medications to enhance their therapeutic properties. Most often they are accompanied by diuretics, bronchodilators, anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents. In this case, you need to carefully monitor your condition and inform your doctor about any reactions from the body.
Application of Mildronate in sports and dietetics
Today Mildronate is being taken more and more often healthy people, but even in this case, you must first consult a doctor. Professional and amateur athletes show particular interest in the drug. At some point, their body stops coping with physical stress. To maintain his strength, medications based on meldonium are ideal.
- Mildronate expands the capabilities of the body, improves its performance, and increases results. This applies to both static and dynamic activity.
- Efficiency sports training increases because the drug stimulates the nutrition of muscles, including the heart, useful substances. At the same time, fatigue is relieved, which allows you to increase the duration of approaches.
- Despite the fact that heart function improves, Mildronate is not a doping in its direct sense. Taking it does not increase the athlete’s muscle mass; it simply gives them the endurance necessary to gain it properly.
- The body's energy reserves are restored much faster than usual. This occurs due to the fact that metabolic products are removed from the cells much more actively.
- The effectiveness of Mildronate is obvious both during strength and cardio exercises that train endurance.
In addition, meldonium is often used in a set of measures aimed at losing excess weight. In no case should meldonium be considered as an independent means for losing weight. The substance accelerates metabolic and recovery processes, reduces cholesterol levels, and this allows the body to more actively adapt to the physical activity necessary for weight loss. Thus, the combination of Mildronate and sports can be optimal for achieving an ideal body.
Correct use of Mildronate
The rules for taking the drug for men and women are the same and are determined by the characteristics of the drug.
- The therapy schedule should be designed so that Mildronate is taken before 17.00. The components of the composition increase the excitability of the body, which can negatively affect the mode of work and rest.
- WITH therapeutic purpose the drug is prescribed 500-1000 mg 2 times a day. The duration of the course depends on the type pathological condition and is usually aged within 12 days or 4-6 weeks.
- Amateur athletes are recommended to take Meldonium 500 mg per day. Course duration – 2 weeks. Then a break is taken for 2-3 weeks, and the course is repeated. For professionals single dose and the frequency of administration can be increased by 2 times.
It is important to understand that continuous use of Mildronate may lead to a decrease in its effectiveness. Therefore, you should not chase quick results, you should strictly adhere to the regimen recommended by your doctor.
Side effects of Mildronate
Like anyone else medication, drugs based on meldonium have their disadvantages. These include a fairly long list side effects, although they rarely appear when the rules of admission are followed.
- Allergy in the form skin itching, swelling, rash. Most often happens when intramuscular injection solution.
- Dyspeptic disorders in the form of belching, vomiting, heartburn, nausea, heaviness in the stomach.
- Tachycardia against the background of emotional excitement.
- Decline blood pressure.
The drug is contraindicated in children under 18 years of age, pregnant and lactating women, as well as people who have:
- Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.
- Pathologies of the kidneys and liver up to chronic failure.
- Increased intracranial pressure, including due to tumors.
- Edema of unknown nature.
Mildronate is available without a prescription. When purchasing the drug, you need to pay attention to its dosage (250 or 500 mg) to avoid overdose.
Mildronate - medical drug, which helps improve metabolism in the human body and increases the supply of organs with useful substances. The medicine helps fill cells with energy when various diseases, such as asthma, retinopathy and heart disorders.
Release forms
Mildronate is available as:
- Solution for injection. Ampoules contain 5 ml of substance; in the package - 2 cells of 5 pieces.
- Capsules containing soluble powder; in a package - 4 plates of 10 pieces. It is forbidden to open capsules to dissolve the medicine before use.
Compound
Gelatin capsules are available in two types - 250 and 500 milligrams. The composition contains meldonium, the active ingredient, as well as several excipients. The capsules themselves are made of gelatin and titanium dioxide.
Ampoules of the injection solution contain a 10% concentration of meldonium phosphate and a small amount of excipients, mainly saline. solution.
pharmachologic effect
The main component of the drug is meldonium, a synthesized drug that acts as γ-butyrobetaine, which is a distant relative of B vitamins.
A characteristic feature of meldonium is improving metabolism, that is, metabolism, and providing various cells body energy. Used as a means of protecting the heart and respiratory organs. The type of exposure to the substance allows you to reduce tension in the body.
Meldonium reduces the frequency of angina attacks and increases resistance to physical stress on the body, increasing the power of heart contractions. Normalizes blood circulation, directing blood to maintain the point of ischemic injury. Slows down the formation of necrotic accumulations and reduces the overall duration of recovery of the body.
The medicine helps dissolve accumulations of substances, facilitating the delivery of useful substances for their intended purpose and the removal of harmful ones. This property helps recovery during and after physical activity, maintaining the metabolic rate at the proper level.
Meldonium supports the functioning of the central nervous system, eliminating disorders of its parts in various scenarios. It also helps treat retinal dystrophy.
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
Meldonium helps reduce the level of unoccupied carnitine, a substance that creates obstacles to the transport of substances through cells. The decrease in concentration also results in an increase in γ-butyrobetaine produced. In areas of ischemic disorders, it helps restore the interaction between the means of delivery and absorption of oxygen by cells, and also reduces the overall need of cells for oxygen, activating glycolysis.
The maximum concentration of the active substance in the blood occurs 60-120 minutes after entering the body. The medicine breaks down into harmless substances. The kidneys help remove substances formed during the decay process. The half-life ranges from 180 to 360 minutes, depending on the organism and the dose of the drug. These statements are valid for capsules.
Injections, on the contrary, have complete bioavailability, so the substance begins to act immediately upon administration. The withdrawal of decomposition products is similar in time and also ranges from 180 to 360 minutes from the moment of administration.
Indications
The medicine was created and intended for the treatment of persons over 16 years of age. Few data on the effects on children's body indicates a prohibition on the use of the drug to treat children.
General indications for use:
- Coronary heart disease (as an additional drug).
- Peripheral arterial disorders.
- Encephalopathy.
- Overloads of various directions: physical, intellectual, mental.
- Postoperative condition (as a means of accelerating rehabilitation).
- Chronic angina, cardialgia, asthma, obstructive pulmonary disease.
- Alcohol withdrawal.
- Stroke.
Additional indications for using injections:
- Hemorrhages in the orbital area.
- Venous thrombosis in the retinal area.
- Retinopathy.
Sport
Mildronate helps reduce the body's sensitivity to physical stress, which allows it to be used during static sports. The effectiveness of training is significantly increased, since meldonium helps nourish the body with useful substances and reduces the overall level of fatigue. The medicine does not promote growth muscle mass, but is a means of preventing overwork of the body.
The active substance is quickly eliminated after breakdown, while promoting cellular metabolism and energy restoration. These features have a positive effect on various physical activities, as they promote muscle recovery.
Mildronate helps protect the liver from fatty acids and burn sugars, that is, it increases the consumption of substances that synthesize energy.
In this regard, the drug is considered doping. Its use in sports is prohibited.
Contraindications
General contraindications to taking Mildronate:
- Hypersensitivity to components.
- Intracranial hypertension.
Side effects
Taking mildronate causes some side effects:
- Allergic, expressed in the form of redness or rashes, as well as itching.
- Dyspepsia, expressed by nausea, heartburn, vomiting.
- Increased level of arousal in the body.
- Tachycardia.
- Decreased blood pressure levels.
Instructions for use
Mildronate is sold in ampoules for injection, but the patient often asks the question: “intravenously or intramuscularly?” The instructions indicate the use of the medication for intravenous administration. The medicine is produced in a ready-to-use form. Administration should be carried out separately from other drugs, but in some cases simultaneous administration of physical solution is allowed.
Instructions for use of 5 ml Mildronate injections.
For patients suffering from ACS, the drug is prescribed intravenously, in a jet manner. Dosage - 1-2 ampoules, depending on symptoms, no more than once every 24 hours. The course of treatment is accompanied by capsules taken at the end of the course of injections.
For patients with eye vascular diseases, the drug is prescribed for 10 days. Injections are carried out under outer shell or for eyeball. One 5 ml injection is given daily.
For problems with blood circulation, a ten-day course is prescribed. Mildronate is administered intravenously, 1 ampoule once a day. Similar to patients with ACS, treatment should be continued with capsules. At chronic problems with blood circulation, it is recommended to inject Mildronate intramuscularly. Dosage - 1-3 ampoules before lunch for 15-20 days.
Application of capsules
In case of disturbances in the functioning of the cardiovascular system, it is prescribed to take from 500 to 1000 mg of the substance per day for 30-45 days. The patient is asked to dose the drug.
For cardialgia caused by dishormonal myocardiopathy, the medicine is prescribed in an amount of 250-500 mg every day. In case of circulatory problems, it is recommended to take 1-2 large capsules per day. If the disease is chronic, then 1 large capsule per day. For these diseases, the course ranges from 30 to 45 days. The attending physician sets the duration and frequency of the course depending on the severity. The course can be held no more than three times a year.
For arterial pathologies, you should take two large capsules a day, one in the morning, one in the evening. Likewise when the body is overloaded. Duration ranges from one and a half to two weeks. The course can be repeated, but only after 20 days have passed from the end of the previous one.
Athletes can take the substance in amounts of 500 to 1000 mg per day. The course lasts 15-20 days before the competition and 10-15 during it.
Patients with chronic alcoholism are advised to take the drug 3-4 times a day in 500 mg capsules for a week.
The contents of the capsules can be diluted, although this is strongly not recommended.
2000 mg is the maximum allowable amount of the drug taken in one day.
Overdose
The fact of an overdose of mildronate this moment not recorded. Medicine It is considered non-toxic and does not cause life-threatening side effects.
Interaction with other drugs
Combining mildronate with other drugs is acceptable. The list of substances that are allowed to be combined includes:
- Antianginal, antiarrhythmic, anticoagulant, antiplatelet drugs
- Diuretic drugs.
- Cardiac glycosides, bronchodilators.
The medicine can also enhance the work of nitroglycerin, antihypertensive substances and agents affecting blood vessels, as well as nifedepine and similar medications with a coronary effect.
Useful information about mildronate
The medicine is dispensed in pharmacies only as prescribed by the attending physician.
The substance must be stored in a dry place, out of reach of children. The room temperature should preferably be no more than 25 degrees Celsius. Shelf life: 4 years.
Additional Information
Mildronate is a stimulant, as a result of which its use is allowed until 12 noon.
The drug, according to known data, does not affect the reaction speed or ability to drive.
The use of the medication by patients with pathologies of the excretory organs - liver and kidneys - is not prohibited, but a specialist recommendation is required.
Mildronate is not considered a first-line drug for patients with acute coronary symptom. Data were obtained from the treatment of patients with angina or myocardial infarction.
Using mildronate together with alcoholic substances
Meldonium, which is the active part of the drug, is eliminated from the body in an average of 10-12 hours. After the period has passed, the risk of combining the medicine with any active substance is negligible. As a result, the consumption of alcoholic beverages is not prohibited, except in cases of treatment or rehabilitation after cardiovascular disorders.
Consumption of alcohol-containing substances during treatment with mildronate may cause:
- An allergic reaction of the body, expressed by rashes and/or itching.
- A sharp decrease in blood pressure, tachycardia.
- Dyspepsia - nausea, vomiting, heartburn and similar symptoms.
- There may be a risk of complications or relapse of the disease.
Mildronate during pregnancy and lactation
It cannot be said with certainty that mildronate can be used during pregnancy. To eliminate the risk of pathology in the child, the drug is not prescribed during pregnancy. Likewise, the inability of the active substance to enter milk during feeding has not been proven, as a result of which the use of the drug during lactation is prohibited.
Cost of the drug
The average cost of smaller capsules, 250 mg, is 260 rubles per package. The cost of 500 mg is about 600 rubles. The cost of 10 ampoules is, on average, 350 rubles.
Mildronate is good remedy treatment of heart diseases, and also promotes recovery after heavy loads. “Can I mix it with anything?” - a question for the attending physician, but it is known for certain that this should not be done. In particular, you should not mix the medicine with alcohol.
Mildronate – synthetic drug, which is used in the complex therapy of many diseases. Instructions for use of Mildronate indicate that this drug supports normal metabolism and energy supply to tissues, and reduces the risk of developing diseases of the cardiovascular system. The use of the drug has a positive effect on patients suffering from coronary heart disease and those in the recovery period after myocardial infarction.
Mildronate - description and principle of action
The active ingredient of Mildronate is meldonium. It has a versatile effect on the body. In my own way biological composition Meldonium is similar to vitamin-like precursors of B vitamins. It prevents the penetration and accumulation of saturated fatty acids in tissues, while improving the supply of nutrients and vitamins to cells.
What is Mildronate good for?
With its beneficial effect on the nervous and cardiovascular vascular system. The drug alleviates the condition in patients with coronary heart disease, reduces the frequency of attacks during heart failure, improves exercise tolerance in heart failure, reduces recovery period after myocardial infarction.
For diseases of the nervous system – improves metabolism nerve cells, facilitates the recovery period after strokes, has a positive effect on withdrawal symptoms. Another positive effect of the drug is that it maintains normal blood supply to the retina, preventing fundus diseases.
Being structural analogue gamma-butyrobetaine, the drug prevents fatigue during intense physical activity. It did possible use Mildronate in sports. The active substances of the drug regulate energy metabolism, improve muscle function, allow faster recovery after training and use the body's resources to the fullest.
Release forms, composition
The drug is available in several dosage forms:
- capsules Mildronate 250 mg;
- tablets Mildronate 500 mg;
- Mildronate syrup;
- solution for intravenous injection (injections in ampoules).
The choice of a specific dosage form depends on the patient’s condition and the characteristics of the disease. Most often, tablets or capsules are prescribed, in the hospital - injections, especially if the patient is in in serious condition.
Hard gelatin capsules and tablets of Mildronate contain 250 mg and 500 mg of the active substance meldonium + auxiliary components, respectively. The capsules contain a powder with a sweetish taste and a specific odor. 500 mg tablets have a slightly sour taste.
A colorless transparent solution for injection is available in ampoules of 5 ml. The syrup is a viscous dark suspension with a cherry aroma. Available in 250 ml dark glass bottles.
Indications for taking Mildronate
Mildronate is used for diseases of the heart, blood vessels and, as well as for the prevention various complications these diseases. It is used for coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, chronic heart failure, cardialgia (heart pain of unknown origin). In case of heart attacks, it can be prescribed as one of the first aid remedies to reduce the area of damage to the heart, and it must also be used in the post-infarction period to speed up recovery.
Among the diseases peripheral vessels indications for use - various lesions arteries, causing disturbances blood supply, fundus vascular diseases - diabetic and hypertensive retinopathy, glaucoma and other disorders.
Mildronate syrup can also be prescribed for varicose veins, veins, but without other drugs for varicose veins its effectiveness is not high enough.
The list of indications for use includes diseases of the nervous system, discirculatory and alcoholic encephalopathy, withdrawal syndrome, recovery period after a stroke. Also, the drug can be used in case of decreased performance without apparent reason, fatigue, emotional instability. In addition, Mildronate can be used during periods of intense physical and intellectual stress.
At bronchial asthma and COPD, this drug allows you to slow down the progression of the disease, reduce the risk of complications, and prevent deterioration in the blood supply to organs and tissues.
Contraindications and side effects
There are few contraindications to the use of Mildronate. These are the following states:
- hypersensitivity;
- childhood and adolescence;
- increased intracranial pressure, including those caused by tumors of the nervous tissue and hydrocephalus.
Since 2016, meldonium has been considered a doping agent in sports, and professional athletes are prohibited from using it. The use of Mildronate in this area was the source of a major doping scandal and the disqualification of many famous athletes.
Also, the drug is never used in pediatric practice; it is used with caution in pregnant women - only if there is an urgent need that exceeds possible risk for the fetus.
Like most medicines, Mildronate is incompatible with alcohol, as it can cause reactions such as tachycardia, surges in blood pressure, dyspeptic symptoms, allergic reactions, which is especially dangerous for patients with heart disease. vascular pathologies and cerebral circulatory disorders.
Side effects include allergic reactions, dyspeptic disorders, decreased blood pressure with increased heart rate, and increased excitability. They occur quite often, so it is worth taking them into account when prescribing the drug. In some cases, the severity of side effects may exceed the expected benefits of taking the drug.
Instructions for use
Mildronate tablets and capsules are prescribed in courses lasting up to two months. The daily dose of the drug is 1000 mg (2 or 4 tablets depending on the dosage). You can drink it whole in the morning before meals or in two doses in the morning and evening.
The distribution of the dose depends on what kind of disease the patient suffers from, so the doctor prescribes the exact dosage. The duration of treatment also depends on the patient's condition. If necessary, the course of treatment can be repeated after six months. As a rule, the tablet drug is prescribed for chronic conditions, as well as during periods increased loads on the body.
Injection Mildronate is used in a hospital if the patient is in serious condition and requires emergency help. Most often, it is injected into a vein in an amount of 5 ml (one ampoule), without diluting. Used for heart attacks, strokes, and treatment exacerbation of COPD. In case of hemorrhage in the fundus of the eye, retrobulbar administration of the drug is permissible. The dosage is determined by the patient's condition.
Many patients are interested in whether Mildronate can be taken intramuscularly rather than intravenously? When considering this issue, one must first of all be guided by common sense and be sure to consult your doctor about this.
Intramuscular use
Since the instructions for the drug do not clearly prohibit this method of use, the medicine can be administered intramuscularly. However, the manufacturer’s official website contains information that when Mildronate is administered intramuscularly, there is a risk of unwanted side effects. adverse reactions- pain, irritation at the injection site, allergic manifestations. So it's better to stick in a safe way use of the drug, namely, administer it intravenously.
Mildronate can be combined with drugs that lower blood pressure and improve coronary circulation, but in this case it is important to accurately select the dose so as not to cause hypotension (lowering blood pressure). No cases of drug overdose have been recorded. Maximum daily dose is 2000 mg of active substance, but if it is exceeded dangerous reactions not visible.
Analogues
Preparations containing meldonium pharmaceutical market quite a bit of. Based on the active substance, analogues of Mildronate are:
- Riboxil;
- Melfort;
- Vasomag;
- Idrinol;
- Medatern
All of them have different contents of the active substance - meldonium. General Feature similar medications - they should be taken in the first half of the day, since excessive excitability can cause insomnia.
Cost of the drug
The price of Mildronate and its analogues may vary depending on the city and the markup of pharmacy chains. Thus, Mildronate 250 mg capsules cost an average of 280 rubles, ampoules of 5 ml are sold at a price of 450 rubles. Mildronate tablets can be purchased from 650 rubles per package, and a bottle of syrup - from 290 rubles.
Dispensing conditions: strictly according to prescription for all dosage forms. It must be stored in a dry place at room temperature avoiding direct sunlight. Be sure to keep away from children and pets.
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