6 month old child has allergies what to do. How to understand what your baby is allergic to? There are many food allergens, including

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Allergies - the body's overreaction to non-hazardous irritants - is a problem that almost everyone faces. Children's allergies, and especially allergic reactions in infants, very common. Therefore, it is extremely important to understand how to treat allergies in an infant in order to quickly and safely help the child.

Today, the pharmacological market is replete with a variety of antiallergic drugs, and the Internet offers all kinds of options for folk remedies. It’s not difficult to get lost among the advice, so we’ll try to systematize knowledge on this issue.

I would like to clarify by period of childhood: the term “infants” includes newborns and children under 1 year of age.

Manifestations of allergies in infants

Allergic diseases are extremely diverse. Among the most common are allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis, urticaria, atopic and contact dermatitis.

Each of these diseases has its own symptoms.

You can find out more and also see photos in the article on the portal:

All symptoms can be divided into:

Gastrointestinal symptoms:

  • nausea
  • diarrhea
  • vomit
  • belching
  • abdominal pain

This is how an allergy to the formula manifests itself, if it is made on the basis of cow's milk, an allergy to this or that medicine, to complementary feeding products (fruits, cottage cheese, eggs) and nuts, peanuts, wheat, chocolate, coffee, etc. consumed by the mother.

Skin symptoms


How to treat allergies in infants? — Severe skin manifestations are dealt with using special baths

Urticaria is characterized by a red-pink rash, itching, and Quincke's edema (in severe cases). This is how both food and contact allergies can manifest themselves.

For contact dermatitis characteristic:

  • peeling skin
  • dryness
  • burning
  • crust formation on the cheeks

This reaction occurs if there is an allergy to the cream or other cosmetical tools, napkins, clothing items, washing powder.

Some photos of allergies in infants

Diathesis on the cheeks for a symptom food allergies

Eczema as a manifestation of food allergy to milk

Severe allergic reaction to medicines

It is important to differentiate between prickly heat and contact diaper allergies. Miliaria occurs as a result of insufficient skin care. It appears in folds of skin - in the groin, between the buttocks, on the neck. Its main manifestations are a red, finely blistered rash, often weeping. If the skin in these areas is treated correctly, symptoms will not appear.

A diaper allergy rash appears on the butt and legs even with sufficient hygiene, but only after using diapers. It may be due to either frequent changes in manufacturer or hypersensitivity to the gel used to treat inner side diaper to improve moisture absorption.

Do allergies need to be treated?

Photo: Allergy to milk on the cheeks of a baby

Many parents, based on the belief that treatment can only worsen the situation, prefer not to carry out any therapy. On the one hand, this is true: any medication can cause new allergies, especially in children who are predisposed to this. With another, allergic manifestations can deliver a lot discomfort to kid.

First of all and in mandatory contact with the allergen must be avoided.

The remaining actions will be aimed at helping the body cope with existing manifestations of allergies. Dr. E.O. Komarovsky believes that further measures need to be taken to alleviate the child’s condition.

But if you still don’t treat your baby’s allergies, what will happen?

The inflammation will take longer, the child will worry and be capricious, scratching the itchy skin, which will aggravate its condition.

In addition, there is a risk of an allergic march - the appearance of more symptoms and, as a result, the development bronchial asthma.

How to treat allergies in infants?

When asked about how to treat allergies in infants, Dr. E.O. Komarovsky answers: a whole range of measures is needed. Their nature depends on the type of allergy and the severity of its manifestations.

Parents are well aware that an allergic reaction first appears on the face of their children.

From the article “” you will learn about the main causes of drug and food allergies, as well as the treatment and prevention of facial allergies in infants.

How to treat food allergies in infants

How is food allergy treated in infants? First of all, you need to find out which product the reaction occurs to and eliminate it from use.

When natural feeding allergies, as already mentioned, occur to complementary foods or substances consumed by the mother. Among the most allergenic:

Food allergies are the most common in children under one year of age
  • Fish and seafood
  • nuts
  • chocolate
  • red and orange fruits
  • pineapples
  • grape

Artificial feeding itself carries increased risk allergies. First of all, casein is to blame, on the basis of which unadapted milk formulas are made.

The child's body often cannot digest this protein properly, resulting in hypersensitivity to undigested protein residues.

How to treat cow protein allergy? It is better not to use unadapted formulas at all, not to cook porridge with cow's milk, and not to introduce cottage cheese as complementary foods until 8-10 months.

If an allergy does appear, there are rashes, itching, redness (usually on the face), use:

  • Non-hormonal antihistamine ointments (“Fenistil”, “Soventol”);
  • Anti-inflammatory ointments (“Desitin”, “Elidel”) ointments.

For manifestations from the gastrointestinal tract, sorbents should be used. These substances help to “collect” toxins released from the bloodstream and neutralize them, relieving symptoms.

With the permission of the pediatrician, allergies in infants can be treated with Polysorb from birth

From birth, medications such as:

  • "Polysorb"
  • "Enterosgel"
  • "Smecta".

Adsorbent "Polysorb" It is used internally, only diluted with water. The dosage depends on the child's weight.

If the weight is less than 10 kg, from 0.5 to 1.5 tsp. diluted in 30-50 ml of water (depending on the severity of symptoms).

11-20 kg – 1 tsp. in 30-50 ml. Taken before or during meals, three times a day.


Children often do not like the taste of Enterosgel, but it is an excellent helper in treating allergies.

A drug "Enterosgel" in a volume of 2.5 g (0.5 tsp) diluted in breast milk or water in a ratio of 1:3, given to the child during each feeding, but no more than 6 times a day.

Both of these medications are contraindicated in case of individual intolerance to their components, as well as intestinal atony.

"Smecta" has more wide list restrictions, including some types of enzymatic deficiency (fructose, glucose-galactose, sucrase-isomaltase). Infants should be given it in the amount of 1 sachet per day for 3-7 days.


Suprastin for allergies has proven itself a long time ago. When treating children with it, you must strictly follow the instructions.

Antihistamines may be used

  • Suprastin,
  • Zyrtec (syrup),
  • Claritin.

So, ¼ of the “Suprastin” tablet is ground to a powder, injected into baby food and is used 2-3 times a day for 5-7 days.

Most other antihistamines have an age limit (for example, Claritin - from two years), so to select a medicine you need to consult a specialist.

Many parents are concerned about the question: how to treat the intestines for allergies in infants?

Only a pediatrician can answer this, because first you need to conduct an examination and find out whether the allergy caused problems with the digestive tract, or whether all changes are temporary and will disappear in a couple of days.

However good remedy for the prevention of post-allergic intestinal diseases are probiotics.

Probiotics are live microorganisms (usually lacto- or bifidobacteria) “enclosed” in capsules or fermented milk products.

  • "Linex"
  • "Bifidumbacterin"
  • "Acipol."

Dr. E.O. Komarovsky assures that allergies are often not only a consequence of the interaction of the immune system with an allergen, but also the result of improper feeding of the child.

The fragile gastrointestinal tract cannot cope with large volumes of food, and therefore undigested substances that would not cause any reaction in acceptable quantities become strong allergens.

So, summarizing the above, here are the answers to the main questions

How to treat allergies in infants to artificial feeding?

Use only adapted mixtures or special food for children prone to allergies (for example, the mixture “Nutrilon. Amino acids”)

How to treat gastrointestinal manifestations of allergies?

  • do not overfeed the child;
  • adsorbents;
  • antihistamines;
  • probiotics.

How to treat skin manifestations food allergies?

According to reviews on forums, the most common allergy manifests itself as a rash on the body when using Johnson's baby oils And powder "Eared nyan".

Parents whose children are prone to allergies should refrain from using these products, since it is better to prevent severe allergies in infants than to treat them.

When the question arises about which ointment to treat allergies in infants, you cannot be guided only by reviews.

It is necessary to select a medicine taking into account which symptoms bother you most. In short, there are hormonal and non-hormonal drugs.

Hormone-based ointments can only be used in the absence of infection with dermatitis (after consultation with a doctor). Among the most popular drugs:

  • "Advantan"
  • "Elokom".

All non-hormonal ointments are divided into antihistamines, anti-inflammatory agents, and agents with a regenerating effect. Their use can be combined with other antihistamines - Suprastin tablets, sorbents.

Treatment of allergies with folk remedies

Parents often don't trust pharmaceutical products, worrying about their “unnaturalness” and that they could cause even more harm. But for certified pharmaceuticals there are undeniable advantages:

  1. Many antiallergic drugs made from natural ingredients(for example, Gistan ointment), you can choose the safest ones;
  2. IN ready-made medicinal products have an accurately calculated dose, there are clear indications and contraindications, side effects have been studied, folk remedies are prepared and used “by eye”, and side effects often people don’t know at all;
  3. Contrary to popular belief, folk remedies may cause allergies just like pharmacies.

And yet there are time-tested folk recipes. So, how to treat allergies in infants with folk remedies?

Series

One of the most famous remedies is the series. It has an anti-inflammatory effect, relieves irritation and itching due to the active substances included in its composition.

How to treat allergies in infants - folk knowledge will tell you. It is not difficult to make ointment from string and it is quite effective against allergies

You can bathe your child in baths with a decoction of the string, make lotions and homemade ointments.

Attention! Children should not drink the decoction of the string!

One of the most popular recipes:

  • 1 liter of boiling water
  • 8 tbsp. successions

Leave the broth for 15 minutes, strain, add to the water poured into the bathtub.

Bay leaf

To others good medicine Since ancient times, the bay leaf has been considered. It stimulates the immune system, relieves inflammation, strengthens the vascular wall, fights increased vascular permeability, and has a beneficial effect on work gastrointestinal tract. They use lotions and compresses with bay leaves and make baths.

Taking decoctions bay leaf Internal use is possible in adults; for children, only external use is relevant.

Do not infuse the laurel decoction for too long, so as not to obtain a highly concentrated product.

To prepare a decoction for rubbing the skin, you need:

  • 3 laurel leaves;
  • 500 ml water

Bring water to a boil, add leaves, leave for 10 minutes. Cool and wipe the affected skin with a cotton pad.

They also use dandelion, plantain, thyme, chamomile, valerian, elecampane - there are many recipes.

But remember: you cannot completely rely on your own assumptions and knowledge and advice from the Internet.

All natural medicines– strong allergens, all these remedies, no matter how actively they are advertised by supporters of natural therapy, can aggravate the child’s condition. Allergies in infants: how to treat with herbs? The main answer is to be careful and smart.

Scientists began to observe and study allergic reactions only at the beginning of the 20th century. Allergy in various forms occurs in 30% of the child population. The reasons for it are unfavorable environmental factors, genetic predisposition, as well as the increasing number of diseases to which parents are exposed before conception and birth of a child. Most often, newborns and children in the first year of life are prone to hypersensitivity.

This is what the signs of a food allergy look like

What is an allergy?

Allergy is an immunopathological process caused by the hypersensitivity of the body's immune system. The substance that triggers an allergic reaction is called an “allergen.”

When a previously sensitized organism is re-exposed to an allergen, the immune system in response, produces immunoglobulins E. They, in turn, cause a number of changes that contribute to the development of characteristic symptoms.

Types of allergies in infants and the symptoms that accompany them

Dear reader!

This article talks about typical ways to solve your issues, but each case is unique! If you want to know how to solve your particular problem, ask your question. It's fast and free!

By types and symptoms increased sensitivity in children younger age can be divided into three groups:

Skin lesions:

  • exudative diathesis, milk scab (the skin of the face, forehead, cheeks, chest, buttocks, tummy turns red, peels, gets wet, itches) (we recommend reading:);
  • rash, redness of various types (from small dots on the forehead and cheeks to urticaria spots all over the body);
  • gneiss (seborrhea) under the hairs on the head and eyebrows;
  • diaper rash that cannot be cured for a long time (behind the ears, in the groin folds, in the armpits);
  • excessive heat rash even with slight overheating;
  • allergic conjunctivitis.

Functional disorders digestive system:

  • intestinal colic – spasms of intestinal muscles, flatulence;
  • frequent and profuse regurgitation, vomiting;
  • unstable, irregular stool (liquid with foam, greenish color, constipation);
  • intestinal dysbiosis.

Manifestations from the respiratory system:

  • allergic rhinitis ( prolonged runny nose, difficulty in nasal breathing);
  • bronchospasm (difficult wheezing with retraction of yielding places chest), a transition to bronchial asthma is possible.

A particularly dangerous manifestation of an allergic reaction is Quincke's edema (angio-neurotic edema). This condition is characterized by swelling of the subcutaneous fat of the face, neck, and less commonly of the limbs, larynx, and, as a result, suffocation. An extreme form of an allergic reaction - anaphylactic shock.

Causes of an allergic reaction

Due to the occurrence of an allergy in an infant, it can be food, contact, or drug. Pathogens are food breast milk, household chemicals, children's perfumes, medicines, vaccines, insect bites and poison.


 Manifestation of exudative atopic dermatitis on the baby's face

Food allergies in infants are the most common and manifest mainly in the form of exudative atopic dermatitis and dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract:

  • An allergy on the cheeks of a breastfed baby indicates a reaction to foods in the mother's diet, individual intolerance to breast milk.
  • Infant formulas are the most common reason allergies of bottle-fed newborns (we recommend reading:). In this case, an allergy on the child’s face may also indicate intolerance to the ingredients of the mixture, lactase deficiency.
  • Allergies in children under one year of age also occur at the time of introduction of complementary foods. According to recommendations, complementary feeding begins at the age of at least four months, trying a new product no more than once a week.

 Allergic rash

Contact allergies in one month old baby manifests itself in the form of a variety of rashes. Rashes appear on areas of the skin in direct contact with the allergen, and then disseminate throughout the body. In this case, hypersensitivity to house dust, hair and waste products of pets, as well as children's underwear fabrics, laundry detergents, special children's cosmetics - creams, diapers, wet wipes - may occur.


 Allergic reaction of contact type

An allergic reaction to medications most often debuts as a small red itchy rash that tends to drain. It could be nothing more than side effect antibacterial drugs, vitamin complexes, antipyretic syrups or vaccines.

In the spring-summer period of the year, an allergy in a baby may be a reaction to flowering plants (hay fever). In this case, the allergen is pollen from trees and grasses. Hay fever in an infant is expressed by a runny nose, sneezing, conjunctivitis, and has a pronounced seasonality.


 Hay fever or seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in an infant

How to understand what your baby is allergic to?

Diagnosis of allergies and identification of allergens is carried out only by specialist doctors: pediatrician, allergist-immunologist. An examination of the child, a blood test, and additional methods instrumental examination.

Availability higher level IgE, eosinophils in a blood test allows you to understand and more accurately recognize an allergic reaction, and find out the main allergen. Questioning parents and keeping a food diary helps determine the connection between exposure to certain factors, food intake and symptoms of hypersensitivity.

How are allergies dangerous for infants?

Measures not taken to stop an allergic reaction in any manifestation in infants are primarily dangerous due to complications.

  • The most common complication is bronchial asthma, a long-term disease of an infectious-allergic nature with frequent exacerbations.
  • Possible development of chronic damage to the hematopoietic system - hemolytic anemia. The main symptom of this disease is the accelerated destruction of red blood cells.
  • However, the most dangerous conditions are considered to be angioedema and anaphylactic shock. These conditions appear suddenly, develop rapidly and are treated only in a hospital setting.

Treatment of pathology in babies under one year old

To cure an allergy in an infant, you must first remove the allergen. When breastfeeding, a woman must choose her food carefully. Citrus fruits, honey and bee products, red fruits and vegetables, baked goods, chocolate, canned and smoked foods, milk, nuts, fish and seafood are completely excluded from the diet.

Only hypoallergenic cosmetics are selected for the baby (we recommend reading:). It is important to ventilate the children's room as often as possible and carry out wet cleaning in it, and remove dust accumulations (carpets, curtains, soft toys).

How to treat, what medicine to give a child, what to anoint skin lesions? The drugs are prescribed strictly by the doctor, and medications of general and local action are selected.

Use of sorbents


Enterosorbents - Smecta, Polysorb, Enterosgel, Activated carbon, White coal- more often used in the treatment of food allergies. It can be used from birth, as well as at 6-7 months - with the introduction of complementary foods.

Enterosorbents are not absorbed from the digestive tract. Passing through the gastrointestinal tract without changes, they neutralize toxic and allergic reactions, help reduce the load on the liver and kidneys, bind pathogens in the intestines, and accelerate their removal from the body by activating peristalsis.

Use of antihistamines

Antihistamines reduce manifestations of hypersensitivity in the form of swelling, itching, and rashes. Before reaching one month old The child is not prescribed any antihistamines. Today, there are several generations of this group of drugs.

Early generation (Diphenhydramine, Suprastin, Tavegil, Fenkarol, Diazolin) in addition to the antiallergic effect, has a pronounced sedative effect, you need to take them two to three times a day. At home, these remedies are not used in infants.

The drugs of the next generations (I, II) are more adapted for use by a child - Loratadine, Desloratadine, Cetirizine, Levocetirezine, Fexofenadine, Dimetindene. They have a daily targeted and selective effect, there is no sedative effect. If the child is over a month old, then treatment with drops, for example, Fenistil, is allowed. Once your baby reaches 6 months of age, you can use Zyrtec drops.


Topical products

All means for local application divided into hormone-containing and non-hormonal. Available in the form of cream, gel, ointment.

Products that do not contain hormones can be used long time. These creams include Bepanten, Fenistil, Elidel, Vundehil. If the child is already a month old, allergies on the face, forehead, and cheeks can be relieved with a drug such as Bepanten (more details in the article:). It is also available for children in a convenient form of emulsion and cooling foam.

Ointments and creams containing corticosteroid hormones are used if other means are ineffective for severe allergies only as prescribed by a doctor. They actively and quickly reduce itching and reduce skin manifestations, while being absorbed into the blood. Relatively safe drugs for children (Advantan, Mometasone) begin to be used from the age of six months; how long they can be applied to the skin is decided only by a specialist. If treatment with such substances is abruptly stopped, “withdrawal syndrome” and recurrence of the underlying disease may occur.

Traditional medicine recipes

From the entire arsenal of recipes traditional medicine Infants and young children are only allowed for external use.

Baths, lotions, rubbing with herbal decoctions should not be opposed traditional methods, they are just an addition to the main therapy. After the umbilical wound has completely healed, a decoction of string, calendula, chamomile, oak bark– this will moisturize and soothe the skin. Lotions and rubs made from aloe juice will reduce itching and redness.

What should parents do when their child is diagnosed with an allergy? First of all - don't panic! Non-specific methods treatment and prevention of relapse of the disease is easy to carry out at home every day.


 To prevent allergic reactions in infants, it is necessary to strictly follow all the rules for caring for the baby.

Necessary:

  • maintain drinking regime and maintain water balance baby's body;
  • strictly follow dietary recommendations in the nutrition of both the newborn and the mother;
  • select baby bedding only from soft natural fabrics with the seams facing out, wear only clean and dry clothes;
  • regularly ventilate the children's room, do wet cleaning, preventing the accumulation of dust;
  • bathe and wash the baby on time, use only proven brands of diapers;
  • treat skin folds with a protective cream; if at least several elements of the rash appear, use a special cream (for example, Bepanten);
  • Do not hesitate to contact your pediatrician if you suspect the progression of allergies, and follow his recommendations promptly and correctly.

How long does it take for allergies to go away?

The speed of a child’s recovery is very individual and depends on many factors. What was the allergen, how long did it last (see also:)? How long after the allergy appeared was treatment prescribed and was it effective?

A complex of allergy manifestations may disappear without a trace after two to three days, or it may take long-term treatment. If all recommendations are followed, there is hope that by the age of five the allergy will go away, since the immune system and digestive tract will complete their formation and improvement. Be healthy!

Presented in the form of syrups, suspensions, drops, solutions for inhalation, tablets. Liquids have become most widespread dosage forms, since it’s easier to give them completely to a small child up to 1 year.

For allergies for children under one year of age they are most often used antihistamines in drops: Fenistil or Zyrtec (from the age of 6 months).

Histamine is biological active substance, which is produced mast cells during an allergic reaction in the body. Histamine increases wall permeability small vessels, can provoke bronchospasm and skin itching.

What do antihistamines do? They block histamine receptors, stopping the allergic process. There are 2 main groups of blockers histamine receptors: old and new generation. It should be noted that drugs of both groups are widely used in infants.

Antihistamines against allergies of the old generation have a number of undeniable advantages, which does not allow them to leave the field of application in pediatric practice:

  • rapid onset of action;
  • availability of injection forms;
  • high antiallergic activity.

For newborns, Suprastin or Fenistil drops are most often prescribed for allergies. These drugs are representatives of the old generation group antihistamines. Suprastin is a good, time-tested remedy used for all types of allergies in newborns. Children in the first months of life tolerate this medicine well.

Old generation antihistamines can cause drowsiness and lethargy in a child, possible urinary retention, and a feeling of dry mouth.

New generation antihistamines for allergies are practically not used to treat newborns. This is due to little knowledge of the effect of these drugs on the body of children under one year old. From the age of 1 year, the possibilities for using these medications expand. New generation drugs do not have a hypnotic or sedative effect and are quite easily tolerated.

The main advantages of new generation drugs that block histamine receptors:

  • taken once a day;
  • large selection of release forms - tablets, drops, syrup;
  • have an anti-inflammatory effect.

Allergy syrup for children

Antihistamines for allergies in a small child can be prescribed in the form of syrup. Syrups most often taste sweet and have a fruity aroma.

Many kids happily take the medicine in syrup form. The most commonly prescribed syrups are Zodak, Claritin, and Erius. Syrups are good if necessary long-term use drugs for chronic urticaria.

Antihistamine for infants various types allergies can be prescribed in the form of gels. For infant Fenistil gel will help against manifestations in the form of a rash.

The gel is easy to use and can be used several times a day. Fenistil gel will perfectly relieve itching. Psilo-balm is also prescribed for infants for insect allergies. The medicine is also presented as a gel; it perfectly relieves itching and swelling at the sites of insect bites in a baby.

Antiallergic drops for oral administration with antihistamine effect

Used in the treatment of food allergies, atopic, urticaria in infants with allergies to milk formula. The drops are well tolerated and can be used for polyvalent allergies, when sweet syrups with flavors cannot be taken.

Eye drops with an antihistamine are used for seasonal pollen allergies. In pediatric practice, Vibrocil, Sanarin-Analergin, and Nazol-Advance are used to treat allergic rhinitis. This combination drugs, containing both an antihistamine component and a decongestant (vasoconstrictor).

It is good for reducing swelling in the nose, relieving itching and sneezing. Antihistamines in the form of sprays - Allergodil, Histimet. In case of severe conjunctivitis with complications such as keratitis, the use of drops with glucocorticosteroids (0.1% dexamethasone) may be necessary.

Allergy creams for children under one year of age

In the first months of a baby’s life, mothers often encounter various rashes on the baby’s delicate skin. Manifestations allergic rash The best removers are creams containing glucocorticosteroids - Lokoid, Advantan.

These drugs cannot be used for food allergies in the form of a rash in an infant for a long time; consultation with a specialist is advisable.

Side effects are observed with long-term uncontrolled use and include skin atrophy, hypertrichosis (increased hair growth), acne.

The use of antiallergenic drugs in the form of tablets

Allergy pills are the most common form of prescription of antiallergy medications. Antihistamines and antileukotriene drugs are produced by industry mainly in tablet form.

Chewable flavored tablets of Singulair in a dose of 4 mg are often prescribed for allergies, when stopping the reaction by suppressing the production of leukotrienes is the best solution to the problem.

Leukotrienes are mediators that are synthesized from arachidonic acid in the cell. It has been established that in allergic bronchial asthma the production of leukotrienes increases. Leukotrienes contract the muscles of the bronchi, which causes an attack of bronchial asthma in the child.

Unfortunately, there are often cases when it is necessary to resort to prescribing systemic glucocorticosteroids (hormones) in the form of tablets to children. This is required severe cases unstoppable chronic urticaria, drug allergies, therapy severe forms atopic dermatitis.

Prednisolone tablets are available in a dose of 5 mg, metipred - 4 mg. The medications should be taken in the morning, as prescribed by the doctor. Changing the dosage regimen on your own is dangerous for the child’s health.

If given to a child for a long time systemic glucocorticoids, then the appearance of Itsenko-Cushing syndrome is possible, which is characterized by mental disorders, moon-shaped face, obesity, and increase. In the treatment of food allergies in children under one year of age, they try not to use hormones.

Solutions for inhalation and suspensions in the treatment of asthma and allergic laryngeal stenosis in children

Quite often, doctors prescribe inhalation to babies through a nebulizer.

When purchasing medications for inhalation, be careful, as not all medications are suitable for this purpose. The label of the product must indicate “solution for inhalation”.

Hormones for nebulizer therapy are sold as a suspension in special nebulas. For infants with allergies, it is recommended to use children's nebulizer masks.

Inhalations give a quick effect, the newborn’s well-being quickly improves. During exacerbation of bronchial asthma with symptoms respiratory failure let the child breathe a solution of Berodual or Salbutamol.

The most common drug is Berodual inhalation solution. This name is well known to mothers whose children suffer from obstructive bronchitis and asthma. Berodual needs to be diluted saline solution up to 2 ml before starting inhalation. Pulmicort suspension in nebulas does not need to be diluted.

Thus, in this article we reviewed all the main dosage forms used in childhood. It is clear that the choice of drug and its dosage should be determined only by the attending doctor. The correct implementation of the recommendations prescribed by the doctor depends on the parents.

Having some pharmacological knowledge, it will be easier for parents to organize competent care for their baby during illness.

Allergy is a reaction of the body's excessive defense to certain foreign substances, so-called allergens. It manifests itself in a variety of acute or chronic diseases affecting the skin, lungs or digestive tract.

Countless allergens

Allergic reactions, in particular food ones, are increasingly common in children. The most common allergens that cause this reaction are dust (containing microscopic mites), pollen, feathers and animal hair, medications, cosmetics and food. Allergies manifest themselves in various acute or chronic ailments: urticaria, eczema, swelling, diarrhea, vomiting, cough, rhinitis...

Some allergies go away over time (this is often the case with childhood food allergies), but some children develop sensitivity to other substances, such as dust, pollen, or dead skin cells and animal dander.

Truth or lie?

Asthma- allergic disease.

Lie. Asthma affects the bronchi and respiratory system. The risk of developing asthma is higher in people with allergies, and asthmatics often experience a variety of allergic reactions.

Pitchfork allergies

SKIN ALLERGY- Manifests itself in the form of hives, swelling or redness of the skin. These symptoms are accompanied more or less severe itching. May be caused by applying cream or taking medicinal product or food product.

RESPIRATORY REACTIONS- It's hay fever, acute rhinitis, spasmodic cough, chronic sinusitis or asthma. The most common allergens are pollen, feathers and animal hair, house dust, microbes, and mold.

FOOD ALLERGIES- Some foods introduced into a child’s diet can cause allergic reactions (eczema, urticaria, rhinitis, diarrhea). In addition, numerous studies have found that introducing a variety of foods too quickly, especially in early age(up to 4 months), may subsequently lead to allergic reactions. In fact, the risk of developing hypersensitivity is greatest during the first months of life. That's why pediatricians these days advise starting solid foods later, depending on your baby's needs. Some allergenic foods should never be given to infants under 1 year of age, since the intestines of young children are not yet developed enough. The most common allergies are caused by cow's milk, eggs, fish, peanuts, soybeans, and wheat. Children are often allergic to animal products.

If one of your family members (you, your partner, your other children) has allergies, your baby may also be at risk. In this case, the child up to 6 months or even longer should not be given any products other than mother's milk or a hypoallergenic formula. However, it should be taken into account that a child may develop an allergy, even if none of the family members has it...

FALSE ALLERGY - Various reactions(rash, itching, diarrhea) are often unnecessarily attributed to allergies, since the body's reaction to a certain food or substance is not always an allergy. An apparent allergy may turn out to be an enzymatic deficiency (for example, children suffering from indigestion of lactose - milk sugar - do not tolerate milk and dairy products well). Signs of an immature digestive system or even colic, which is common in babies, are sometimes misdiagnosed as allergies.

What to do?

If you notice that your child is sensitive to a substance or product, a time of year, such as spring, you need to go through special testing It is done by an allergist: a patch is applied to the skin or a tiny injection is given.

Substances suspected of causing allergies applied in this way may or may not cause a skin reaction.

A diagnosis of food allergy means the need to follow a diet with the obligatory exclusion of foods that cause allergies. Therefore, treatment is prescribed only after staging accurate diagnosis. Skin tests can't be completely trusted when it comes to food allergies (you can get positive reaction to a product to which there will be no allergic reaction when consumed). Special tests blood tests (which detect antibodies to food allergens) are expensive and also do not provide a 100% guarantee at an early age.

If your child has an allergic reaction, you should contact your pediatrician and follow his advice. Especially in the case of Quincke's edema. This is a serious reaction (significant difficulty breathing and swelling of the larynx) and should be treated immediately.

During an attack, antihistamines or medications with cortisone will soften the allergic reaction.

Treatment may be needed to reduce sensitivity. If possible, potential allergens should be completely eliminated.

Allergy to ticks

Mites become the culprits of an allergic reaction in 50% of cases. These tiny creatures feed on dead skin cells and excrete excrement. causing allergies: in this case, you need to remove their favorite lairs (carpets, soft toys, etc.). These risk-reducing precautions also apply to all household sources of allergies:

  • sweep dust even from office premises and get rid of mold in the bathroom;
  • ventilate rooms daily;
  • maintain the room temperature from 19 to 20 0C (ticks reproduce better in a hot room);
  • wash clothes, towels and bed linen regularly (you can now buy clothes without leaving your home in online stores);
  • avoid products made with feathers and wool (bedspreads, pillows and rugs);
  • pack mattresses and pillows in special anti-mite covers; limit the quantity soft toys;
  • replace carpeting, double curtains, tapestries with parquet, tiles, paint or wallpaper, and tulle curtains.

If there are allergies in the family

My common-law wife and I are allergic. I'm afraid this might affect our son.

Of course, a child whose parents are both allergic is at greater risk of an allergic reaction than one whose parents are not allergic. The likelihood of an allergy occurring and its intensity continue to be unpredictable.

An allergy to a substance occurs in a child if his immune system reacts to this substance with increased sensitivity, producing antibodies. Hypersensitivity can occur both during the first contact with the allergen and during subsequent ones. However, after the body has shown hypersensitivity once, the antibodies will act each time it encounters an allergen, causing retail reactions.

If there is a family history of allergies, the following precautions are recommended.

Prolonged breastfeeding. Children raised on artificial milk are more likely to develop allergies than those who are breastfed.

Take your time introducing solid foods. Today it is believed that it is better for the child to become acquainted with a possible allergen as late as possible, since in this case there is less risk of sensitivity.

Introduce new products gradually. It is advisable to always introduce products one after another; this question is even more relevant for a family prone to allergic reactions. If this is your case, give a new food every day for a week before introducing the next one. If an allergic reaction occurs, stop giving the new product immediately and wait a few weeks before trying again. Perhaps after such a time the product will be accepted without problems. However, you should not be too zealous and perceive the slightest unusual symptom as an allergic reaction.

Start introducing complementary foods with the most low-allergenic foods. For example, with rice flour. It is recommended to introduce barley and oats before corn and wheat. Most fruits and vegetables do not cause problems, but it is better to wait with red fruits (wild berries, strawberries) and tomatoes. It is also better to introduce green peas and beans a little later. Products that most often cause allergies (hazelnuts, peanuts, chocolate and some spices) can only be introduced after 3 years.

Many parents are faced with allergies in their children. In the first months of a baby's life, he is most susceptible to food allergies. Parents are often confused when they see rashes on their child’s skin or encounter other unpleasant manifestations of an allergic reaction. Why does an allergy occur in a one-month-old baby, how to help him and what are the reasons? Let's consider these questions that parents often have.

Causes

Food allergies are caused by proteins found in food products. They are allergens, in response to which immunoglobulins E (antibodies) are formed in the body. Immunoglobulins activate a chain of reactions that lead to the development of allergy symptoms.

Symptoms

Most often, an allergy in a one-month-old baby manifests itself in the form of skin lesions:

  • rashes on the body, which begin with a rash on the cheeks and in the folds of the skin;
  • itching of affected skin areas;
  • dryness and flaking;
  • peeling of the skin and the formation of scales on the scalp.

But often allergy symptoms include disruption of the baby’s digestive system, which is associated with swelling of the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. These symptoms include the following conditions:

  • bloating and stomach cramps;
  • frequent regurgitation, vomiting;
  • flatulence;
  • constipation or frequent loose stools.

Much less often, as a result of swelling of the respiratory tract, a newborn may have an allergic runny nose and bronchospasm (air enters the Airways with difficulty or not at all).

Worth mentioning dangerous symptom allergic reaction - Quincke's edema. As it develops, suffocation occurs in the child’s larynx. The first signs of the appearance of Quincke's edema are barking cough and shortness of breath with heavy breathing. Then the complexion becomes bluish, after which it suddenly turns pale. This is very dangerous condition, when the first signs appear, you must urgently call a doctor.

Treatment

Usually the baby is breastfed for the first month of life. Therefore, the cause of allergies in a one-month-old baby should be sought in the errors in the mother’s diet. During breastfeeding a woman must adhere special diet, which excludes the use of foods that can cause allergies in the child.

Highly allergenic foods, such as chicken eggs(only the yolk is allowed), fish, seafood, fruits, berries and vegetables of red and orange color, cocoa, coffee, chocolate, honey, nuts, mushrooms, sauerkraut, marinades, salty and spicy foods, spices. The same list includes products that contain dyes, preservatives, semi-finished products, and sauces.

Can be taken in limited quantities whole milk, sour cream, semolina, bakery products made from premium flour, pasta, confectionery products.

Often, just a nursing mother’s adherence to such a diet helps the signs of allergies disappear.

Children of one month of age are not prescribed oral medications. Usually the doctor recommends bathing the baby in decoctions medicinal herbs(chain, chamomile), lubricate the affected areas with a special cream.

Allergies in children in the first six months of life

In children in the first six months of life, allergic reactions, as a rule, develop when they are transferred to artificial feeding or when complementary foods are introduced.

Although it is possible that allergies may develop in a 3-month-old baby and older children due to the mother’s poor diet while breastfeeding.

Often, an allergy in a 5-month-old child, as well as in children of other ages, is a consequence of the development of an allergic reaction to cow's milk protein. Experts say that more than 90% of all cases of food allergies in children in the first year of life are associated with allergies of this type. This is explained by the fact that the baby’s body perceives cow’s milk protein as foreign. As a result, the immune system produces antigens to it, which can lead, for example, to the development of allergies.

In such situations, pediatricians recommend that parents choose goat milk formulas or soy formulas for feeding the baby. But goat milk formulas often also cause allergic reactions in children. And soy mixtures do not have such nutritional value, like mixtures with cow's or goat's milk, since they are a plant product.

Hypoallergenic mixtures

In some cases, there is a need to use hypoallergenic mixtures. There are two types of such mixtures - preventive and therapeutic.

  • Preventive hypoallergenic formulas are used for those children whose parents, older sisters and brothers suffer from an allergy to cow's milk protein.
  • Therapeutic hypoallergenic mixtures are used to feed children with moderate and severe allergies.

First feeding

Allergies in a 6-month-old child are usually associated with improper introduction of the first complementary foods.

It is especially important to correctly introduce the first complementary foods to children who are predisposed to allergies. It is not recommended for such babies to start giving new foods until 6-7 months.

The first complementary foods start with vegetables and fruits, which are least likely to cause allergic reactions. These include zucchini, cauliflower, squash, white apples. Weak children are recommended to start feeding porridge. In this case, the first porridges can be rice and buckwheat.

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