Cold wheezing in the lungs treatment. What does a wheezing cough warn about in a child and an adult?

The presence of wheezing indicates a pathological process in the lungs, which may be accompanied by symptoms such as:

cough;
dyspnea;
pain in chest;
increased body temperature, chills;
general weakness, increased sweating;
in case of a severe prolonged attack of bronchial asthma (a chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchi, manifested by repeated episodes of dry cough, shortness of breath, suffocation), dry wheezing can be heard at a distance;
with pulmonary edema, moist rales can be heard at a distance (“bubbling breathing”).

Forms

Dry wheezing:

whistling - occurs when air passes through a narrowed, swollen, spasmodic bronchus (for example, with bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)) or when there is an obstacle to the movement of air (a foreign body, a tumor growing inside the bronchus);
buzzing (humming) - occur when there is thick viscous sputum in the bronchus (for example, with bronchitis, exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease).

Wet wheezing: occur when there are less dense liquids in the bronchi or cavities communicating with them (thin sputum, blood, edematous fluid). An air stream foams a low-viscosity liquid and forms instantly bursting air bubbles on its surface, which is why moist rales are sometimes called bubbly rales. Depending on the size of the bronchus in which wheezing occurs, there are:

moist large-bubble rales (in large-caliber bronchi and in cavities, for example, a tuberculous cavity (a cavity formed in the area of the tuberculosis process), a lung abscess (a limited focus of inflammation of the lung tissue with its melting and the formation of a cavity filled with purulent masses);
moist medium-bubble rales (in bronchi of medium size and in cavities, for example, tuberculous cavity, lung abscess, bronchiectasis (dilation, deformation of the bronchus) in bronchi of the specified size);
moist fine bubbling rales (in small bronchi and bronchioles):
- sonorous – more indicative of the presence of a local inflammatory process (for example, pneumonia (pneumonia));
- silent – most typical for the accumulation of edematous fluid (pulmonary edema, chronic heart failure). It should be highlighted separately crepitus, which is similar to moist rales, but differs in the mechanism of occurrence.

Crepitus forms in the alveoli (respiratory vesicles in which gas exchange occurs) when there is a small amount of inflammatory fluid in them. At the moment of inhalation, the alveoli “unstick” with the formation of a characteristic sound reminiscent of crackling, crunching of snow, rustling of cellophane, which is called crepitus. Most often this sound is heard in the initial and final stages of pneumonia.
The sound phenomena are very similar to crepitation and the so-called fibrous crackle(“crackling” wheezing). This sound phenomenon also occurs during inspiration and is associated with stretching of the overgrown rough connective tissue(tissue of the body that forms the supporting frame of all organs) that seals the lung. This process underlies diseases such as fibrosing alveolitis. Fibrous crack persists for a long time (for several months and years).

Causes

Respiratory diseases leading to the appearance of sputum. For example, pneumonia (pneumonia).
Diseases of the respiratory system, characterized by narrowing of the bronchi (swelling, spasm, excess mucus production).
Tumors growing inside the bronchus or compressing it from the outside.
Foreign bodies in the lumen of the bronchus.
Heart failure.

Diagnostics

Wheezing is detected by auscultation - listening to the lungs using a phonendoscope.
However, establishing the presence of wheezing is not enough to make a diagnosis of a particular disease. To determine the correct diagnosis, the doctor will ask you to undergo a number of the following examination methods:

general blood analysis;
sputum analysis;
chest x-ray;
computed tomography of the chest;
spirometry (spirography). Allows you to assess the air patency of the respiratory tract and the ability of the lungs to expand;
test with a bronchodilator - performing spirometry before and after inhalation of a drug that dilates the bronchus. Used to assess the reversibility of bronchial narrowing;
bronchoprovocation test - performing spirometry before and after inhalation of methacholine or histamine. Allows you to detect increased sensitivity bronchus, manifested in the form of bronchospasm;
study of blood gas composition (determination of oxygen and carbon dioxide tension in the blood, assessment of blood oxygen saturation);
body plethysmography is a method for assessing the function of external respiration, which allows you to determine all volumes and capacities of the lungs, including those that are not determined by spirography;
fibrobronchoscopy is a study that allows you to examine the mucous membrane of the bronchi from the inside and examine its cellular composition using a special apparatus. The method is used in cases of unclear diagnosis in order to exclude other possible diseases with similar manifestations;
angiopulmonography – study of pulmonary vessels;
lung biopsy.

Consultation is also possible.

Treatment of wheezing

Mucolytic drugs (sputum thinners) are prescribed in the presence of viscous, difficult to separate sputum.
Expectorants – promote better discharge of liquid sputum.
Bronchodilators - expand the narrowed bronchus, helping to improve the passage of air through the respiratory tract.

Prevention of wheezing

Treatment of the underlying disease.
To give up smoking.
Avoiding contact with allergens (for example, dust, animal dander, bird feathers, some food products etc.), provoking bronchial spasm.
Avoiding hypothermia.

When a person is born, he is immediately exposed to the influence of various bacteria and microbes. They can settle on favorable soil - mucous membranes and walls of susceptible organs. Such manifestations of colds and other diseases as runny nose, sore throat, cough, have been known to us since childhood. If a runny nose and sore throat can still be cured without going to the doctor, then with a cough the situation is more complicated. He can be different types and with various consequences for humans. The main danger is wheezing in the bronchi and lungs. Only a specialist can hear them, so it is important to consult a doctor if you have a prolonged, “barking” and unproductive cough.

Cough itself is our defense against damage by microbes to the respiratory organs and respiratory tract. It is aimed at protecting our body, therefore it cleanses the bronchi and trachea in every possible way from mucus and phlegm.

There are several types of cough:

dry (unproductive, with no sputum);
wet (productive, expectorating with sputum production, such a cough occurs at the end of viral diseases);
spastic (occurs with bronchitis, asthma and a foreign object entering the respiratory tract; such a cough is characterized by continued heavy exhalation);
barking (often occurs with allergies, observed during laryngitis and tracheitis);
whooping cough (often ends with vomiting, coughing fits may accompany acute pharyngitis and some forms of tuberculosis);
hoarse (occurs when the vocal cords become inflamed);
bitonal (starts in lower tones, then moves to upper tones);
stokato (a jerky and loud cough in some diseases in infants);
syncope (selective, occurs due to a short-term loss of consciousness due to insufficient nutrition of the brain).

Wheezing in the bronchi when exhaling is observed with some types of cough. It is difficult for a person uninitiated in medicine to determine the specific type of cough, so when it appears, it is better to consult a specialist.

Normally, there should be no obstruction or noise in the respiratory tract. If they occur, this means that some pathological process is occurring in the respiratory organs (lungs, bronchi, trachea and others). In addition to the fact that they arise due to inflammation or damage to these organs, their appearance can be triggered by diseases of organs not related to breathing. Among them are myocardial infarction, some diseases cordially- vascular system, anaphylaxis, as well as foreign body entry into the lungs and bronchi.

Like some types of cough, wheezing can be wet, dry, crepitating, or whistling.

Moist rales appear due to the accumulation of sputum in the bronchi. Sputum is a liquid mucus that collects as a result of inflammatory processes in the respiratory system. Air passes through it, and bubbles form in it. They constantly burst in large numbers, resulting in a noise called wheezing. Most often, moist rales are heard during inhalation and exhalation. They, in turn, also have their own varieties:

Fine bubble - the sound of small bubbles bursting, similar to the sounds of open soda. This phenomenon occurs with bronchiolitis, pulmonary infarction, and bronchopneumonia.
Medium-bubbling wheezing is a noise reminiscent of gurgling water when blowing it through a straw. Diseases with this type of wheezing: hypersecretory bronchitis, pneumosclerosis, pulmonary fibrosis.
Large bubble noise - it can be heard even without special medical equipment. Such wheezing occurs when pulmonary edema is advanced, as well as when the cough reflex is weak.

Dry noises can be “buzzing” or “whistling”. Such wheezing in the bronchi during exhalation appears when obstructive bronchitis against the background of an allergic reaction. When the lumen of the bronchi decreases during the course of the disease (most often with bronchial asthma), a whistle appears during breathing. This occurs due to uneven narrowing of the bronchi, thus the air undergoes contraction and expansion. The buzzing also appears due to a significant reduction in the flow of air through the bronchi, but it is also stopped by mucous membranes. When meeting them, the air flow fluctuates and a characteristic noise appears.

To determine the causes of wheezing, it is important to know its nature. They come in two types:

pulmonary;
extrapulmonary.

The first type speaks for itself: such wheezing occurs as a result of pathological processes in the bronchopulmonary system. The second type of noise is observed as a symptom accompanying various diseases not related to the respiratory system. A striking example Such a symptom is heart failure, which is accompanied by dry wheezing.

Wheezing of the bronchopulmonary system can indicate many diseases, so they need to be distinguished. Causes of wheezing in the bronchi (treatment of wheezing depends on its exact definition):

dry noises arise due to turbulent turbulence of the air stream, which flows through the altered bronchi;
wet noises appear due to bursting bubbles that arise due to the combination of air and phlegm.

Diseases accompanied by wheezing most often relate to pathological processes of the bronchopulmonary system, but there are also other types. There are diseases with clearly defined wet noises, and there are those that appear only with dry ones.

Moist rales are present in diseases such as:

heart failure;
bronchial asthma;
pulmonary edema;
malignant neoplasms that have different localizations;
bronchiectasis;
heart defects;
acute renal failure;
pneumonia;
obstructive chronic pulmonary diseases;
condition in which the graft did not take root (GVHD);
ARVI;
flu;
Legionnaires' disease;
pulmonary tuberculosis;
endemic flea typhus;
pulmonary embolism.

Wheezing in the bronchi during exhalation is usually heard with bronchitis and bronchial asthma. In diseases that are not related to diseases of the respiratory system, such noises will be heard quietly and, possibly, when inhaling, too.

In turn, dry wheezing is also specific characteristic some diseases. The main ones:

chronic bronchitis and bronchiolitis;
pneumonia;
bronchial asthma;
tumors in the bronchi;
heart failure;
in some cases lung cancer;
pneumosclerosis;
pharyngitis;
laryngitis;
foreign body in the bronchi;
emphysema.

We see that quite a few diseases can occur with such an accompanying symptom as wheezing in the bronchi when exhaling. To make a definitive diagnosis, you need to have good reasons for this, namely the presence of other important symptoms. Such characteristics of human conditions include shortness of breath, impaired external respiration, cough, blue discoloration of the nasolabial triangle, cough, x-ray syndrome, and blood test results that confirm or refute the diagnosis.

It is better not to joke with noise in the lungs and bronchi, as it can cause serious harm to health. Also dangerous purulent complications wheezing in the bronchi. Experts will tell you how to cure cough and wheezing. But if there is no way to contact them, you need to start the fight as early as possible.

If you have all the signs of bronchitis, then you should quit everything and take care of your health, as it can quickly develop into pneumonia. The surest remedy for complications is antibiotics, but they are prescribed already at severe forms diseases. At the first stage, you need to take expectorants that thin out sputum, and in case of a severe cough, medications that act on the cough center.

Traditional medicine experts advise the following means. Mix crushed aloe leaf, fresh lemon peel and honey in equal quantities and leave for a week. Take 1 tbsp before meals. l. for 40 days, then take a break for 10 days and repeat the course again. This mixture is a powerful preventive way to avoid wheezing and support the immune system.

Milk perfectly treats wheezing in the bronchi. How to cure the disease with this product? You need to drink up to 200 ml of hot (not warm!) milk 3 times a day along with infused raisins.

Carrot juice, turnip tincture, black radish juice with honey, milk with soda, inhalation with Borjomi will help you safely and effectively get rid of various types of wheezing.

It is known that herbs are very good at treating inflammatory processes in the bronchi, and also help to quickly remove phlegm from the body. To do this, it is enough to drink decoctions of chamomile, thyme, St. John's wort, and yarrow 3-4 times a day. Nettle and coltsfoot will also help with wheezing and additionally support the immune system.

Chest sounds are a very important symptom for diagnostics of pathological changes in the respiratory organs.

Wheezing in the lungs when breathing in adults, they help determine by their sound, caused by non-physiological noises residual processes after an illness or we are talking about a chronic disease, a complication after an acute respiratory infection, bronchitis, pneumonia.

Breath healthy person there must be almost silent. Any wheezing when breathing in an adult, a whistling sound when exhaling, or difficulty inhaling should cause the person to mandatory visit a doctor, get examined. In children, whistling and wheezing when breathing do not occur for no reason.

Passing through the respiratory tract, the air usually does not encounter obstacles, saturating every cell with oxygen.

But if something appears in the bronchi or lungs that interferes with free movement, it can be felt by shortness of breath, some manifestations of oxygen starvation, fatigue, chest pain.

The body is trying with all its might to free itself from a foreign body or substance, so wheezing is heard when breathing, often accompanied by a cough.

Causes of wheezing:

spicy respiratory diseases;
tracheitis;
bronchitis;
pneumonia;
tuberculosis;
neoplasms;
pulmonary edema;
bronchial asthma;
obstructive processes;
heart failure;
bronchiectasis;
pulmonary hemorrhage;
a foreign body in the respiratory tract and swelling spreading around it.

Wheezing in the bronchi during exhalation, audible through a phonendoscope, and sometimes without it, causes any obstruction in the path of the air stream.

Important: Narrowing of the lumen in the bronchi due to swelling, accumulation of mucus, the appearance of partitions, which causes noise when trying to inhale or exhale, pathologies in the lungs pose a threat to human life.

In some cases immediate medical attention is required, since bronchospasm, damage to the bronchi, or bleeding in the lungs can kill a person in a matter of minutes.

And although wheezing in the lungs is considered one of the most common cold symptoms diseases, the doctor must identify the exact cause of the noise and find optimal treatment wheezing in the bronchi, which will eliminate the causes of their occurrence.

Sometimes it is necessary to facilitate the discharge of sputum, sometimes relieve inflammation or spasm, but it may also be necessary surgical intervention.

By the sound of breathing, noises in the bronchi and lungs, you can preliminarily determine what caused their appearance. Pulmonologists, therapists subdivide wheezing and whistling sounds when breathing:

wet and dry;
constant and recurring;
noise on inspiration (inspiratory) or expiration (expiratory);
high, low;
whistling.

Also an important characteristic is the fine-bubble, medium-bubble and coarse-bubble nature of the sounds.

A viscous secretion secreted by the bronchi, mucus or blood, when air passes through them, is filled with it, and then bursts, emitting peculiar sounds similar to the sounds of bursting bubbles (in the sternum, according to patients, as if something is gurgling).

The most important for doctors when colds cause dry and moist wheezing.

Dry wheezing in the lungs: air passes through the bronchi with a large accumulation of mucus, swelling or neoplasm. A whistling-like noise occurs during inflammation in the bronchi (bronchitis), asthma, and is heard on both sides. In bronchitis it is characteristic of initial stage illness, the timbre of the sound constantly changes, and may disappear after the patient clears his throat. Unilateral dry wheezing is heard if the lung is damaged or has a cavity (tuberculosis).
Wet wheezing: large cluster sputum and mucus cause a noise similar to the bubbling of air blown through a tube into the water. Usually heard during inspiration. When a productive cough appears, wheezing disappears, so the main task of doctors is to dilute the accumulated sputum to facilitate its removal, in order to prevent stagnation, the proliferation of harmful microorganisms and their spread throughout the respiratory system, which causes serious complications in the form of pneumonia and abscesses in the lungs.

Sound audible even from a distance wet wheezing in the lungs speaks of serious complications, probable pulmonary edema, but if sounds are heard outside the bronchial tree, this may indicate the appearance of a cavity in the lung caused by tumor process, tuberculosis, abscess.

Not only such characteristics as wet or dry wheezing, but many others, including the localization and timbre of noise, the frequency of its occurrence are important in diagnosing the disease.

Self-diagnosis is ineffective and often dangerous, so all complaints, incomprehensible and unpleasant sensations should be described to specialists in order to facilitate diagnosis and clearly define the scope of necessary research.

The appearance of any wheezing in the lungs means a pathological process, most often inflammation, so you must undergo an examination and take all the tests recommended by your doctor. In any case, the main thing is to treat the underlying disease.

For dry wheezing, if they indicate the onset of the disease, doctors recommend taking anti-inflammatory agents, to thin sputum. Good effect show bronchodilators, which also help in case of an allergic reaction in asthma.

When dry wheezing changes to wet wheezing, a productive cough appears, the composition of the drugs during treatment changes in order to facilitate the removal of sputum from the body with expectorants. These include the mucolytics Lazolvan, Bromhexine, Mucaltin and others.

For a debilitating cough, medications are prescribed that affect the cough center, and especially severe cases – antibiotics to prevent the development of pneumonia.

Important: Coughing and wheezing when breathing can have a wide variety of etiologies, especially in children, so you don’t need to start baking on your own. If wheezing is heard when breathing in an adult or child, while breathing is clearly depressed, the color of the mucous membranes changes, skin, urgently need a doctor.

Don't start on your own taking medications even with severe wheezing when breathing and coughing with sputum discharge, so that the doctor can clearly see the picture of the disease. Blurred symptoms can cause an incorrect diagnosis, and the prescribed treatment will be ineffective.

Among the recipes of traditional medicine there are many dedicated to how to treat wheezing and cough in children and adults.

Lemon, ginger, honey: chop 1 lemon together with the peel, ginger root about 5 cm in size and 1.5 cm in diameter, add 0.5 tbsp. honey, let it brew for 24 hours. Take 1 tbsp. l. daily for prevention with a tendency to colds and bronchitis, 1 tbsp. l. mixture 3 times a day for wheezing in the upper respiratory tract. It is an excellent immunostimulating and antiviral agent.
Radish and honey: one of the best and most popular folk remedies, when thinking about how to treat wheezing in a child, it is an excellent mucolytic, and also extremely easy to prepare. In a well-washed black radish, make a hole in the core, into which pour 1 tbsp. honey The juice released is pleasant to the taste, so even kids drink it with pleasure. Give 1 tsp. 2-5 times a day. You can simply grate the radish, squeeze out the juice, mix with honey, this slightly reduces the effectiveness, but you can use it right away.
Hot milk: heat the milk to 40 degrees, dissolve 1 tsp in it. honey, drink 3-4 times a day. For dry wheezing and sore throat, you can add 1 tsp. butter, this will relieve pain and relieve inflammation.
Decoctions of herbs such as coltsfoot, chamomile, yarrow, St. John's wort are excellent in helping to cope with wheezing and inflammation.
Dandelion honey is effective when May flowers are covered with sugar in a jar, the resulting honey-like syrup is stored in the refrigerator, and 1 tsp is taken. 3 times a day.
In general, it is recommended to drink as much as possible: hot decoctions, fruit drinks, jelly help to thin mucus and saturate the body with essential vitamins.

Important: when infusing radish with honey, you should remember that this composition is not recommended for hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, so it is better to consult a doctor before use.

Inhalations, heat, warming up the chest will help you cope with colds in the absence of fever.

After recovery, it is extremely important to protect your body from hypothermia, because a weakened immune system will not be able to adequately respond to a new threat.

Treatment must not be interrupted, as soon as wheezing in the chest has disappeared, the course of treatment must be completed to the end in order to avoid relapses and complications.

The key to successful prevention will be:

proper nutrition: the body needs vitamins and minerals so that the immune system can resist diseases;
hardening - not dousing with cold water, but gradual accustoming to low temperatures, its differences;
feasible physical activity, running and swimming, strengthening the lungs and increasing their volume;
good rest, walks before bed, airing the room at night;
during cold seasons, you should definitely take a course of immunostimulants;
Breathing exercises show excellent results: a special set of exercises that teaches how to breathe correctly, for children who find it difficult to do them, and adults will also benefit from 1 daily exercise: inflating 3-5 balloons.

Wheezing - an integral part of the life of smokers, you should definitely give up a bad habit so as not to make money Chronical bronchitis or lung cancer. Healthy image Life, good nutrition, exercise will help strengthen the body and avoid recurrence of the disease.

Wet cleaning is important premises, which must be carried out daily to get rid of dust and harmful microorganisms.

Wheezing – a sign of obvious pathology, so you shouldn’t hesitate in any case.

If wheezing appears after a cold, against the background high temperature, it is worth calling your local doctor to rule out pneumonia and other diseases, life threatening.
The sudden appearance of wheezing, difficulty breathing, weakness, loss of orientation, dizziness is a reason to call an ambulance; we can talk about anaphylactic shock, bleeding, pulmonary or myocardial infarction.
An ambulance must be called in any case if wheezing is observed in a baby of the first year of life, children under 3 years old, since the gaps in their bronchi are extremely small and any inflammatory process can result in oxygen starvation and suffocation.

Only doctors can correctly diagnose after examination, blood tests, and fluoroscopy, so the sooner you contact them, the more favorable the prognosis for a complete cure.

In any clinic clinics have specialists dealing with respiratory diseases.

The baby needs to be shown to the pediatrician, who will decide who to refer the baby to: an allergist, pulmonologist, phthisiatrician or cardiologist.

Adults need to see a therapist, who will make a diagnosis and, if necessary, give a referral to a pulmonologist, allergist, phthisiatrician, oncologist, and other specialists.

Don't delay or rush to conclusions, modern methods diagnostics and treatment help to cope with most diseases if treatment is started in a timely manner.

Any disease leaves a mark on the body, bronchitis and pneumonia also do not go away without a trace. And recurrence of the disease will be inevitable if you do not change your lifestyle, eliminating all harmful factors.

The doctor will tell you 5 specific tips on how to relieve a coughing attack.

Rattles in the bronchi during exhalation are pathological sounds that can be heard with the help of special instruments, and in some cases they can even be heard by the human ear. This symptom is usually associated with respiratory diseases. In rare cases, such symptoms accompany other pathological processes in the human body.

Normally, when air masses pass through the tracheobronchial tree, they should not encounter any obstacles on their way.

Dry wheezing develops if the lumen of the bronchus decreases. In such situations, the passing air performs additional peculiar movements, which cause the appearance of such extraneous noise.

When a patient experiences dry wheezing in the lungs when exhaling:

Inflammatory diseases upper sections respiratory tract (tracheitis, laryngitis, etc.). For example, with tracheitis, wheezing in the trachea when exhaling is characteristic, which is associated with inflammation of the mucous membrane.
Allergic reaction. One of the options for an allergic reaction is allergic broncho or laryngospasm. With it, there is a decrease in the lumen of the bronchus or larynx, up to complete obstruction. The patient complains of a feeling of suffocation and difficulty breathing.
Bronchial asthma. A disease that occurs with reversible bronchospasm and is accompanied by periodic attacks of suffocation. With this disease, wheezing is more often heard in the bronchi when exhaling.
Bronchitis and bronchiolitis. The inflammatory process in the mucous membranes of bronchi of different diameters with the appearance of thick sputum in them leads to the appearance of pathological noises. Depending on the location of the affected lesion and its size, such wheezing may vary in pitch and volume (high-pitched, buzzing, etc.). When coughing causes movement viscous secretion from one place to another, then the wheezing also begins to move and is heard in different places. Therefore for differential diagnosis The doctor often asks the patient to cough while listening to the lungs and bronchi.
Malignant and benign neoplasms. The growth of a tumor or lymph node near the bronchus or any other compression of the bronchus from the outside can lead to hoarseness. With this pathology, wheezing over the affected area is heard constantly and does not depend on coughing or movement of the patient’s body position.

Rarely, but sometimes such wheezing can be heard in smokers with a long history against the background of relative health and feeling normal. This is due to chronic restructuring of the respiratory tract mucosa.

Moist rales occur in the bronchi or lungs in cases where the secretion they contain has a liquid structure. In such situations, bubbles form as air flows through the liquid.

When they burst, they create a characteristic sound, which is called a wet wheeze. Depending on the size of the cavity with the secretion, the bubbles are different sizes, therefore, audible wheezing is divided into small, large and medium bubbling.

The large-bubble version of wheezing can be heard in bronchi of larger diameter or in affected lung cavities. Wet, bubbling wheezing in the throat when exhaling is observed in severe condition of the patient, when he cannot completely cough up the accumulated mucus in the larynx and trachea.

What can cause this condition:

Inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system, which are accompanied by the appearance of liquid sputum (bronchitis, etc.). When fluid accumulates in small-diameter bronchi, the doctor hears dozens of small bubbles bursting.
Abscesses or masses in the lungs.
Pneumonia.
Bronchiectasis of the lungs.

Another cause of this symptom, which is not associated with respiratory diseases, is stagnation in the pulmonary circulation. This condition is observed in heart defects, cardiosclerosis and some other diseases. In such a situation, the doctor listens for a variety of moist rales in the lower parts of the lungs.

Wheezing when exhaling in a supine position (congestive processes) is often observed in severe patients who are in bed or on a ventilator for a long time.

To make a final diagnosis, specialists always double-check the data obtained through auscultation (listening to the patient with a special device - a phonendoscope).

Previously, due to the absence instrumental methods diagnostics, wheezing was differentiated by sound and shade. Thus, characteristic sonorous moist rales with a metallic tint were considered signs of a cavern (cavity in the lung).

Auscultation is good for screening diagnostics and helps the doctor decide on further research methods. In addition, the patient’s anamnestic data and complaints, as well as the presence of additional specific symptoms, are taken into account.

Most informative X-ray studies in several projections, with and without contrast, as well as CT and MRI methods. Additionally for confirmation or exclusion specific disease apply and additional ways: peak flowmetry, scintigraphy, allergy tests, etc.)

Drug therapy for any type of wheezing does not work without careful diagnosis and consultation with a specialist. The wheezing itself is just a symptom that can accompany dozens of various diseases, so only the doctor deals with the treatment.

General principles of treatment:

If the cause of the disease was bacterial infection, then they select antibacterial drugs taking into account the sensitivity of the suspected pathogen. In cases of atypical and severe pneumonia, the patient may be prescribed up to 2-3 antibiotics from different groups. Additionally, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed.
To facilitate the discharge of sputum and dilute it, expectorants and mucolytics (ACC, Bromhexine) are chosen. These agents help make mucus more viscous and help remove it from the bronchi and lungs.
Antitussives. For attacks of severe dry cough, antitussives (Codeine, Libexin) are prescribed, which cannot be taken together with mucolytics.
If allergies become a problem, then antihistamines or hormones are selected. Besides, an important condition is to eliminate contact with the causative allergen.
In the treatment of bronchial asthma the basis will be step therapy, which is selected by the doctor taking into account the form and severity of the disease. Cromones, beta-blockers, inhaled hormones and other groups of drugs are used.
For wheezing associated with specific diseases lungs (tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, etc.), appropriate antibacterial therapy is selected.
For abscesses, festering cavities, and neoplasms of various origins, surgical intervention is required.
In treatment malignant processes chemotherapy and radiation therapy are used.

In addition to the main course of therapy, they often use different kinds physiotherapy and massage. Physiotherapy procedures (UHF, magnetic laser, phonophoresis, etc.) are selected by the doctor, taking into account the form of the disease and its stage.

Official medicine does not recognize alternative ways treatment of diseases, therefore the use of traditional medicine is always an auxiliary method. The decision on the appropriateness of such measures is made by the patient himself, and he is responsible for them.

Let's remember the most popular means:

Inhalations. Steam or hardware. Steam inhalations relatively inexpensive and carried out in almost any conditions. Inhalations using a nebulizer have almost no side effects and spray various medicinal substances.
Herbal decoctions and tinctures with mucolytic effect. Preparations of licorice root, thermopsis, and marshmallow have proven effects. Such products are found in most pharmacies.
Herbs that stimulate the body's natural defenses (echinacea, ginseng, etc.).
Mustard plasters. Compresses are done with great care. In purulent processes, instead of positive effect, they can cause the spread of the infectious process.

The use of traditional medicine methods should be previously agreed with the doctor, especially if the patient is prone to allergic reactions or is suspected of having a malignant neoplasm.

Chest sounds are a very important symptom for diagnostics of pathological changes in the respiratory organs.

The breathing of a healthy person should be almost silent. Any wheezing when breathing in an adult, a whistling sound when exhaling, or difficulty inhaling should cause the person to it is mandatory to visit a doctor, get examined. In children, whistling and wheezing when breathing do not occur for no reason.

Wheezing in the lungs: causes and consequences

Passing through the respiratory tract, the air usually does not encounter obstacles, saturating every cell with oxygen.

But if something appears in the bronchi or lungs that interferes with free movement, it can be felt by shortness of breath, some manifestations of oxygen starvation, fatigue, chest pain.

The body is trying with all its might to free itself from a foreign body or substance, so wheezing is heard when breathing, often accompanied by a cough.

Causes of wheezing:

acute respiratory diseases; tracheitis; bronchitis; pneumonia; tuberculosis; neoplasms; pulmonary edema; bronchial asthma; obstructive processes; heart failure; bronchiectasis; pulmonary hemorrhage; a foreign body in the respiratory tract and swelling spreading around it.

Wheezing in the bronchi during exhalation, audible through a phonendoscope, and sometimes without it, causes any obstruction in the path of the air stream.

In some cases immediate medical attention is required, since bronchospasm, damage to the bronchi, or bleeding in the lungs can kill a person in a matter of minutes.

And although wheezing in the lungs is considered one of the most common cold symptoms diseases, the doctor must identify the exact cause of the noise and find the optimal treatment for wheezing in the bronchi, which will eliminate the causes of its occurrence.

Sometimes it is necessary to facilitate the discharge of sputum, sometimes relieve inflammation or spasm, but surgery may also be required.

What types of wheezing are there?

wet and dry; constant and recurring; noise on inspiration (inspiratory) or expiration (expiratory); high, low; whistling.

Also an important characteristic is the fine-bubble, medium-bubble and coarse-bubble nature of the sounds.

The most important for doctors when colds cause dry and moist wheezing.

Dry wheezing in the lungs: air passes through the bronchi with a large accumulation of mucus, swelling or neoplasm. A whistling-like noise occurs during inflammation in the bronchi (bronchitis), asthma, and is heard on both sides. With bronchitis, it is characteristic of the initial stage of the disease, the timbre of the sound constantly changes, and may disappear after the patient clears his throat. Unilateral dry wheezing is heard if the lung is damaged or has a cavity (tuberculosis). Moist wheezing: a large accumulation of sputum and mucus causes a noise similar to the bubbling of air blown through a tube into the water. Usually heard during inspiration. When a productive cough appears, wheezing disappears, so the main task of doctors is to dilute the accumulated sputum to facilitate its removal, in order to prevent stagnation, the proliferation of harmful microorganisms and their spread throughout the respiratory system, which causes serious complications in the form of pneumonia and abscesses in the lungs.

Sound audible even from a distance wet wheezing in the lungs indicates serious complications, possible pulmonary edema, but if sounds are heard outside the bronchial tree, this may indicate the appearance of a cavity in the lung caused by a tumor process, tuberculosis, or abscess.

Not only such characteristics as wet or dry wheezing, but many others, including the localization and timbre of noise, the frequency of its occurrence are important in diagnosing the disease.

How are wheezing and cough treated?

For dry wheezing, if they indicate the onset of the disease, doctors recommend taking anti-inflammatory agents, to thin sputum. Bronchodilators have a good effect, they also help in case of an allergic reaction in asthma.

For a debilitating cough, medications are prescribed that affect the cough center, and in especially severe cases - antibiotics to prevent the development of pneumonia.

Important: Coughing and wheezing when breathing can have a wide variety of etiologies, especially in children, so you don’t need to start baking on your own. If you hear wheezing when breathing in an adult or child, while breathing is clearly depressed, the color of the mucous membranes and skin changes, a doctor is urgently needed.

Treatment with traditional methods

Among the recipes of traditional medicine there are many dedicated to how to treat wheezing and cough in children and adults.

Lemon, ginger, honey: chop 1 lemon together with the peel, ginger root about 5 cm in size and 1.5 cm in diameter, add 0.5 tbsp. honey, let it brew for 24 hours. Take 1 tbsp. l. daily for prevention with a tendency to colds and bronchitis, 1 tbsp. l. mixture 3 times a day for wheezing in the upper respiratory tract. This is an excellent immunostimulating and antiviral agent. Radish and honey: one of the best and most popular folk remedies when thinking about how to treat wheezing in a child, an excellent mucolytic, and also extremely easy to prepare. In a well-washed black radish, make a hole in the core, into which pour 1 tbsp. honey The juice released is pleasant to the taste, so even kids drink it with pleasure. Give 1 tsp. 2-5 times a day. You can simply grate the radish, squeeze out the juice, mix with honey, this slightly reduces the effectiveness, but you can use it right away. Hot milk: heat the milk to 40 degrees, dissolve 1 tsp in it. honey, drink 3-4 times a day. For dry wheezing and sore throat, you can add 1 tsp. butter, it will relieve pain and relieve inflammation. Decoctions of herbs such as coltsfoot, chamomile, yarrow, St. John's wort are excellent in helping to cope with wheezing and inflammation. Dandelion honey is effective when May flowers are covered with sugar in a jar, the resulting honey-like syrup is stored in the refrigerator, and 1 tsp is taken. 3 times a day. In general, it is recommended to drink as much as possible: hot decoctions, fruit drinks, jelly help to thin mucus and saturate the body with essential vitamins.

Inhalations, heat, warming up the chest will help you cope with colds in the absence of fever.

Prevention, basic rules and methods.

After recovery, it is extremely important to protect your body from hypothermia, because a weakened immune system will not be able to adequately respond to a new threat.

Treatment must not be interrupted, as soon as wheezing in the chest has disappeared, the course of treatment must be completed to the end in order to avoid relapses and complications.

The key to successful prevention will be:

proper nutrition: the body needs vitamins and minerals so that the immune system can resist diseases; hardening - not dousing with cold water, but gradually getting used to low temperatures and temperature changes; feasible physical activity, running and swimming, strengthening the lungs and increasing their volume; proper rest, walks before bed, ventilation of the room at night; during cold seasons, you should definitely take a course of immunostimulants; Breathing exercises show excellent results: a special set of exercises that teaches how to breathe correctly, for children who find it difficult to do them, and adults will also benefit from 1 daily exercise: inflating 3-5 balloons.

Wheezing - an integral part of the life of smokers, you should definitely give up this bad habit so as not to develop chronic bronchitis or lung cancer. A healthy lifestyle, good nutrition, and exercise will help strengthen the body and avoid recurrence of the disease.

Wet cleaning is important premises, which must be carried out daily to get rid of dust and harmful microorganisms.

When to see a doctor

Wheezing – a sign of obvious pathology, so you shouldn’t hesitate in any case.

If wheezing appears after a cold, against the background of a high temperature, you should call your local doctor to rule out pneumonia and other life-threatening diseases. The sudden appearance of wheezing, difficulty breathing, weakness, loss of orientation, dizziness is a reason to call an ambulance; we can talk about anaphylactic shock, bleeding, pulmonary or myocardial infarction. An ambulance must be called in any case if wheezing is observed in a baby of the first year of life, children under 3 years old, since the gaps in their bronchi are extremely small and any inflammatory process can result in oxygen starvation and suffocation.

Only doctors can correctly diagnose after examination, blood tests, and fluoroscopy, so the sooner you contact them, the more favorable the prognosis for a complete cure.

Which doctor should I contact?

In any clinic clinics have specialists dealing with respiratory diseases.

The baby needs to be shown to the pediatrician, who will decide who to refer the baby to: an allergist, pulmonologist, phthisiatrician or cardiologist.

Adults need to see a therapist, who will make a diagnosis and, if necessary, give a referral to a pulmonologist, allergist, phthisiatrician, oncologist, and other specialists.

Don't delay or rush to conclusions, modern methods of diagnosis and treatment help to cope with most diseases if treatment is started in a timely manner.

Video on how to treat a child’s cough

The doctor will tell you 5 specific tips on how to relieve a coughing attack.

Wheezing in the lungs when breathing in an adult without fever or cough indicates the presence of pathology of the respiratory system. This may be a mild, sluggish inflammation in the bronchi, which is a consequence of not fully cured acute bronchitis, or a much more complex disease with the systematic formation of mucus in the bronchial lumen. The latter process requires detailed study by a pulmonologist in order to make a final diagnosis and establish the cause of the accumulation of sputum in the lungs, through the presence of which wheezing is heard from the lungs during inhalation and exhalation. You can independently understand the cause by comparing the symptoms and conditions for each condition that we have collected for you in this article.

Causes of wheezing

In any case, this disease is not typical for pulmonary pathology, since most respiratory diseases cause a rise in temperature and the urge to dry or wet cough in an adult. Wheezing can form in the bronchi even due to the presence of a small amount of blood in them. This phenomenon is often observed in patients prone to internal bleeding, when the concentration of platelets in the blood is reduced and its clotting function is impaired.

If the air passes unhindered, and the characteristic whistle from the lungs is heard only when exhaling, then such wheezing is called wet. Dry wheezing is often combined with a cough, but without fever.

The whistle coming from the patient's throat is physiological process, occurring in the lungs, which is a spasm of the bronchial lumen. The degree of its contraction determines how noisy the wheezing will be. Bronchospasm can occur from the reaction of the respiratory organ to an internal or external irritant, or due to periodic excess mucus.

In modern pulmonology, the following causes of wheezing in the lungs in adults without cough and fever are identified:

Not typical pneumonia or chronic bronchitis. Often these diseases do not necessarily occur with fever. They may not be noticeable for a long period of time if the inflammatory focus affects a small area of the lung or bronchi. Bronchial asthma. On average, in 90% of cases of wheezing during inhalation and exhalation during breathing, this is an allergic spasm of the bronchial lumens. This reaction of the body can be considered a severe degree of allergy. Bronchial wheezing always intensifies at the onset of an attack. Depending on the severity of the disease, sputum in the bronchi may accumulate in small quantities or be absent altogether. Treatment of this respiratory pathology is always specific and is based on the patient’s susceptibility to certain potential allergens. Stagnation of blood in the lungs. If an adult has a disease such as heart failure, blood circulation in the vascular system in most cases is severely impaired. Congestion in the lungs often develops. Then in this organ it increases blood pressure and the smallest vessels, capillaries, cannot withstand overload. They burst and don't a large number of blood enters the bronchi. This stranger in this part of the body biological fluid irritates the respiratory system and causes wheezing. Oncological pathology. Until the 2nd stage of tumor development, the patient does not experience a cough and the disease signals itself only by periodic bronchospasms. In this regard, a characteristic whistle is heard from the lungs. This symptom is not long-lasting, so adults sometimes ignore the signs of a serious illness. The disease is diagnosed using x-ray or MRI of the lungs.

Depending on the individual characteristics of a person, there may be other reasons that can affect the respiratory system and the stable process of gas exchange occurring in the lungs. All these factors are established during the examination of the patient to make a final diagnosis.

General characteristics of wheezing without fever and cough

The presence of a characteristic whistle when inhaling and exhaling during breathing is always one of the manifestations of inflammation in the lungs. Even if an adult does not experience fever and cough, they are always present following symptoms: decreased appetite, shortness of breath after minor physical activity, weight loss and weakness. Special attention must be paid to these indirect signs of respiratory disease.

According to the type of manifestation, wheezing without coughing is divided into the following types:

Dry. Observed at the very beginning of the development of the disease. Their appearance is always associated with the presence severe inflammation in the bronchial tree. In this regard, swelling of its mucous membrane occurs and breathing becomes harsher with the formation of wheezing and whistling. A similar behavior of the respiratory system is observed in patients with bronchial asthma, but bronchospasm in them occurs not under the influence of inflammation, but through the body’s immune reaction to allergic irritants. They can be present both in the external environment (mold spores, pollen, dust, particles of pet hair, fragrances) and inside the adult person himself (impossibility digestive system digest certain food products, the components of which are subsequently transformed into allergens). Whistling. They can be observed in patients who suffer from chronic bronchitis. Their usual wheezing is practically inaudible. A thin whistle is periodically heard from the lungs, indicating inflammation in the small bronchioles and bronchi. Due to a slight inflammatory focus the immune system sick long time does not produce a strong response to the disease. The person does not have a cough or fever. This period of latent disease can last from 1 week to a month or more. It all depends on the activity of the patient’s immune cells. Increased whistling of the lungs always indicates the growth of the inflammatory process. Wet. Present in patients in whom a large amount of diluted sputum or fluid has accumulated in the bronchi. During breathing, when an adult inhales and exhales, the sound of oxygen passing through a liquid formation in the lungs is heard, and its bubbles seem to burst under the influence of excess pressure. Such noises are also called crepitating noises. Moist rales may be a harbinger of future bronchial asthma or pulmonary edema. A patient with such symptoms should definitely visit a general practitioner or pulmonologist. The further state of a person’s health depends on how quickly this happens.

It is important to remember that each type of wheezing emanating from the bronchi is characteristic of a certain category of lung pathologies. The presence of extraneous sounds during the patient’s breathing allows the doctor to only tentatively suspect the presence of a particular disease. The final diagnosis is made only after a more detailed examination.

Treatment of wheezing in the lungs in adults

Therapy for a patient who has wheezing during breathing during inhalation or exhalation begins immediately after the cause of their origin is established. In most cases, hospitalization in a hospital setting is not required and the patient is treated on an outpatient basis.

Depending on the type of infectious, or viral pathogen Several types of diseases can be used at once medicines in complex.

If there is asthmatic wheezing in the lungs, the patient must be consulted by an allergist. At this stage, it is especially important to identify the source of the allergy, which systematically irritates the bronchi, provoking their spasm. An individual diet is developed for an adult, which contains only biologically healthy foods nutrition (cereals, lean chicken, wholemeal bread). For the period of treatment, citrus fruits, apricots, alcohol, tea, coffee, chocolate, sea and ocean fish, tomatoes and all dishes made from them are removed from the diet. It is recommended to use vasodilating drugs such as Drotaverine, Eufillin, Spazmolgon.

Wheezing during breathing caused by diseases of the cardiovascular system does not require special treatment. All efforts of doctors are aimed at compensating Negative influence heart failure. As the heart, blood vessels are treated and blood circulation is restored, the patient is given mucolytic drugs in order to remove from the bronchi the remaining fluid that has accumulated due to a violation of the small circulatory cycle in the respiratory organs. As a rule, wheezing during inhalation and exhalation disappears immediately after normal heart function and blood flow are restored.

The most difficult process is the treatment of wheezing without cough and fever, the appearance of which is associated with an oncological process in the lungs. In such cases, it is impossible to remove extraneous noise without eliminating the tumor body that narrows the bronchial lumen. The patient is treated with chemicals, cytostatics, and undergoes radiotherapy. If necessary, surgical intervention is prescribed to remove the foreign tumor. In especially severe cases, even resection of part of the lung is possible.

A sore throat can be one of the symptoms of a cold or acute respiratory viral infection.

But this phenomenon is also typical for more serious illnesses requiring immediate treatment inpatient conditions.

Possible causes of the symptom What wheezing in the throat and cough in combination indicate Effective modern methods of treatment For what reasons the symptom is observed in children

Possible causes of the symptom

Depending on the location of the source of the disease, the causes of wheezing are conventionally divided into three main groups.

Lesions of the larynx. Lesions of the lower respiratory tract. Diseases that do not affect the respiratory system, but are accompanied by symptoms of wheezing.

On the other hand, doctors directly identify wheezing and hoarseness - a decrease in the sonority of the voice and disturbances in its timbre. Hoarseness occurs due to ligament diseases. Hoarseness is often a concomitant symptom of many colds, but it can also appear as a result of overstrain of the vocal cords.

Various lesions of the larynx

With ARVI, the appearance of wheezing in the throat in an adult or child most often indicates the spread of infection from the upper respiratory tract to the larynx area and the development of its inflammation (laryngitis). Associated symptoms: sore throat, sore throat, dryness and burning.

Chronic laryngitis is a consequence of acute inflammation of the larynx that is not fully cured. Also, this disease occurs in heavy smokers and people whose work requires them to talk a lot. Causes of wheezing in the throat with chronic laryngitis associated with the appearance of nodules on the vocal cords and epiglottis.

Benign or malignant tumors can also cause wheezing in the throat.

One of known diseases larynx - stenosis. Read detailed and useful information about laryngeal stenosis.

You can read about such a problem as laryngeal spasm here.

Lower respiratory tract lesions

Doctors determine the cause of the symptom by the nature of wheezing.

Dry most often indicate a narrowing of the lumen of the bronchi. This phenomenon accompanies pneumosclerosis, bronchospasm, and compression of the bronchial wall by a tumor. Also, this symptom may indicate the presence of swelling of the bronchial mucosa. When thick sputum forms in the lumen of the bronchus, the wheezing will be loud and with a buzzing sound. Whistling dry rales accompany the narrowing of the bronchi in the absence of sputum. They can be heard in patients with bronchial asthma during periods of exacerbation. Wet wheezing indicates that there is fluid in the lungs: exudate, transudate, blood and others. They can be listened to for pneumonia, pulmonary edema, after an attack of bronchial asthma, broncholitis, tuberculosis, lung abscess and other diseases.

It is impossible to determine the disease only by the nature of wheezing. It is necessary to consult a doctor, who will prescribe an examination and, based on the results, be able to make a diagnosis.

What do wheezing in the throat and cough in combination mean?

The combination of these symptoms may indicate blockage of the lower small bronchi. In most cases, they speak of an inflammatory process in the bronchi, throat or lungs. This condition is not always a sign of the development of viral or colds. This may also be due to a foreign object entering the respiratory tract.

With a dry cough and wheezing, a doctor can diagnose bronchitis, broncholitis or bronchial asthma. If a hoarse voice is observed along with coughing and wheezing, the development of laryngitis is most likely observed. These manifestations may indicate other diseases. The diagnosis can only be made by a doctor after a professional examination and examination of the patient’s tests. Learn about the treatment of obstructive bronchitis in children.

Let's talk about the treatment of diseases that cause wheezing in the throat when breathing.

Effective modern treatment methods

The choice of course of therapy depends on the pathogen and the stage of development of the disease. In most cases, this symptom disappears due to treatment of the underlying disease.

How can you get rid of a wheezing throat?

Wheezing during ARVI often occurs when acute laryngitis . In this case they help a lot medications in the form of sprays containing sage and menthol, for example Bioparox. Inhalations with essential oil eucalyptus, taking a decoction of coltsfoot leaves. Read about eucalyptus inhalation at home here. If the disease is advanced and nodules appear on the ligaments, the doctor may recommend surgery. Sometimes only this method can save you from losing your voice. Treatment bronchitis depends on its type.

Obstructive bronchitis requires mandatory medical supervision, since incorrect treatment may lead to the development of bronchial asthma. The specialist will select antibiotics. Also, inhalation with mineral water or ordinary water with soda, herbal teas. If for other types of bronchitis pine inhalations are indicated, then for obstructive bronchitis they are strictly prohibited.

You can use a nebulizer with the following solutions:

Lazolvan or abrohexal. Based on atrovent, berodual, berotec or salbutamol. Pulmicort based on hormones.

These medications must be prescribed by a doctor. You can independently decide on the choice of herbs for the decoction: oregano, chamomile, sage, lavender, onion or garlic juice diluted with water in a ratio of 1/10.

You should know that bronchitis is infection. The causative agents can be viruses, bacteria or atypical pathogens (mycoplasma and chlamydia). Depending on this, a course of treatment is prescribed. It is extremely important to see a doctor if you have wheezing or coughing. Only a specialist can prescribe adequate treatment. The treatment of this group of diseases is based on the use of anti-infective drugs: antibacterial, antiviral. Expectorant medications must be used - it is important to remove infected mucus from the body. For difficulty breathing, bronchodilators are used.

Reason bronchial asthma most often becomes allergic inflammation caused by chemicals, pollen or animal hair. Recent research by scientists suggests that basic anti-inflammatory therapy plays a critical role in treatment: corticosteroids in the form of inhalations or tablets.

Read about cough recipes with milk in this article.

But you will learn about such a symptom as dryness in the nose and throat at the link

For what reasons is the symptom observed in children?

Wheezing in the throat when breathing baby under the age of four months can be a normal reaction to saliva; at this age the baby is just beginning to learn to swallow it. Also, at this age, the endocrine and exocrine glands begin to fully function, and the respiratory tract develops. This phenomenon should go away after the baby turns one and a half years old. There is no need to panic if the child’s appetite and sleep are normal and the temperature does not rise. If your newborn has a wheezing throat, you can consult a pediatrician to make sure there are no problems and rule out the possibility of heart disease or allergic reactions. If a child experiences wheezing in the throat along with a sharp deterioration in health, you must consult a doctor immediately. A runny nose and cough indicate an acute respiratory viral infection or a cold. Before the doctor arrives, you should create the most comfortable conditions for the baby and give as much warm liquid as possible. Wheezing, difficulty breathing, lethargy, and bluish skin around the lips should be a signal to immediately call an ambulance. If these symptoms are accompanied by a slight increase in temperature and a severe dry cough, the child is most likely sick croup. In this case, before the ambulance arrives, it is very important to drop naphthyzine into the nose and let the patient breathe in hot, moist air. Just take the baby in your arms and open it in the bathroom hot water and stay there until the ambulance arrives or the moment when breathing returns to normal and the coughing attack passes. Constant wheezing with prolonged and severe cough, elevated temperature and other signs of a cold may be symptoms bronchitis. Parents should not make their own treatment decisions. An adequate response in this case can only be to call an ambulance and treat the baby in a hospital setting. In children over one year old, wheezing in the throat can be caused by a number of diseases: Acute or chronic bronchitis, asthma. Allergic reaction, foreign bodies entering the respiratory tract. Some heart diseases. Pneumonia or emphysema. Croup Inflammation of the epiglottis. Read more about this disease, which is also called epiglottitis.

In most diseases, wheezing is accompanied by fever, cough or sore throat. In the case of heart disease, wheezing may be the only signal that there is a serious problem with the child's health. Regardless general well-being, mothers should contact a specialist who will conduct an examination and prescribe comprehensive treatment.

You will learn about bronchitis, in which wheezing in the throat is often observed, in the following video from Dr. Agapkin.

Regardless of the patient’s age, it is very important to remember that wheezing in the throat is only one of the symptoms. The disease can be determined only after a series of tests. The range of diseases that are expressed In a similar way, very wide - from a common cold to malignant tumors in the area of the respiratory tract, heart or lung diseases. Even though a symptom may seem unserious, it is important to remember that it can signal the onset of a serious illness.

At the same time, the problem under consideration is not always of an infectious nature. The body signals with a similar symptom:

a foreign body in the lungs;
cardiovascular pathologies;
thermal or chemical burn mucous membranes;
intoxication resulting from tobacco abuse;
allergic reactions.

However, in the overwhelming majority, wheezing manifests itself precisely against the background of acute respiratory viral infections and other colds.

The intensity of sounds generally depends on:

depth of infection localization;
complexity of inflammation;
individual structural features of the respiratory organs.

Dry noises are characteristic of the affected bronchi. An infection that has penetrated there leads to swelling of the mucous membranes and because of this, the gaps narrow. They are heard most often in the following diseases:

bronchial asthma;
pneumosclerosis;
obstructive bronchitis;
bronchiolitis.

The wheezing here is relatively quiet and quite low. Sometimes accompanied by a whistle, which indicates severe spasm. IN general cases a similar symptom is observed if a person produces mucus that is too viscous, and its lumps, like tar, seal the individual passages in the lungs. Thick sputum is always a consequence of the inflammatory process.

Moist breathing noises are formed if a large amount of exudate accumulates. When air passes through it, bubbles remain, which burst a little later. The sound is reminiscent of gas escaping from a just opened bottle of soda. Squelching wheezing is more clearly audible when air enters the lungs and is often accompanied by grinding and whistling sounds.

Causes

A wet, bubbling noise when inhaling is a very typical sign, primarily of pneumonia. It is also a symptom of the following pathologies:

flu;
ARVI;
tuberculosis;
pulmonary edema;
cardiovascular diseases;
typhoid fever;
bronchial asthma;
bronchiectasis;
thromboembolism of pulmonary tissue;
acute renal failure;
COPD;
bronchitis.

Dry wheezing is characteristic of the following ailments:

pharyngitis;
laryngitis;
bronchiolitis;
pneumosclerosis;
Chronical bronchitis;
pneumonia (in the initial stage);
emphysema;
bronchospasm;
heart failure.

Even a qualified pulmonologist cannot independently determine the nature of wheezing without an x-ray, the results of a blood and sputum test, and a detailed interview with the patient. For this reason, if you have the symptom in question, you should stop trying to self-medicate and undergo a proper examination.

Therapy

Since wheezing is only a manifestation of the disease, to eliminate it it is necessary to rid the patient of the root cause. Any pathological changes in the lungs require urgent treatment.

The inflammatory process is effectively eliminated by antibiotics. The selection of funds is made depending on the type of pathogen identified. For mixed infections, various combinations of these drugs are used.

The main symptoms are eliminated by early stages expectorants and cough suppressants. They help make the exudate thinner, and it is much easier to clear from the lungs naturally. To relieve spasm, drugs that expand the lumen should be used locally, that is, through inhalation.

The nebulizer also helps with another pathology - bronchiolitis. Corticosteroids will be helpful here. These medications have one important property - they do not allow the lumens in the lungs to become clogged.

All chronic lung diseases require constant monitoring by a doctor. During exacerbations, he prescribes, in addition to those previously mentioned:

mucolytics;
antiviral drugs;
antipyretics;
vitamins.

In general, inhalations in most cases are the main way to quickly relieve a patient of wheezing. The patient needs to drink more warm liquid. Suitable:

rosehip decoction;
mineral water;
fruit juices and fruit drinks.

The causes of wheezing in the lungs when breathing are different. But they all indicate the presence. In this case, the presence of temperature or general weakness not at all necessary. Sometimes wheezing in the lungs is the only symptom diseases, so it is very important to be able to correctly find their cause.

The main causes of wheezing

Despite the obvious connection between wheezing and the respiratory system, this is not always the case. Whistling as air passes through the bronchi is formed due to their narrowing. If there is a reduced number of platelets in the blood and a violation of its coagulation, wheezing may occur. They occur due to bleeding, which is provoked by coughing. With this pathology, the sputum will be colored in a characteristic color.

If wheezing in the lungs occurs during exhalation, it is called expiratory. When noises occur during inspiration, they are considered inspiratory. Rattles in the lungs when exhaling are often whistling. They occur due to broncho-obstruction - narrowing of the airway lumen due to compression by a neoplasm or swelling of the wall. This phenomenon is observed in COPD or.

Buzzing wheezing has a characteristic tone of sound. They often occur in acute phase bronchitis. Thick, viscous mucus forms cords in the respiratory tract that fluctuate as air moves. This creates a buzzing sound.

Based on the nature of wheezing in the lungs, the doctor is able to make a preliminary diagnosis and prescribe further examination, and sometimes treatment.

Provoking factors

The risk group for the appearance of adverse sounds when breathing includes people with a tendency to develop diseases accompanied by wheezing.

Smokers– tobacco combustion products weaken protective function epithelium of the bronchi, which is why the body is more often susceptible to inflammation. People who smoke suffer from COPD, emphysema and tuberculosis, so they are at risk.

Allergy sufferers– the presence of allergies is directly related to the possibility of asthma or obstruction in the background. Asthmatic wheezing is the most common and most dangerous, as it can cause acute failure breathing and oxygen starvation.

People with weakened immune systems, prone to acute respiratory viral infections and acute respiratory infections– frequently ill patients are prone to the appearance of side sounds against the background of the underlying disease.

People in unfavorable living or working conditions– prolonged stay in a damp, cold room reduces the resistance of the bronchial epithelium to the causative agent of tuberculosis and other infections of the upper respiratory tract.

Newborns up to 4 months of age are prone to the appearance of physiological wheezing due to the immaturity of the respiratory system. When normal nasal breathing is established, sounds pass on their own.

If a person belongs to any of these groups, his health should be closely monitored. If you experience breathing sounds that deviate from the norm, you should consult a doctor.

With coronary heart disease, wheezing in the lungs often occurs. They are due to several reasons:

stagnation of blood in the pulmonary veins;
impaired hemodynamics on the left side of the heart;
poor pulmonary ventilation;
increased permeability of the capillaries of the lungs;
stimulation of the breathing center.

This suggests that the pathological focus is not in the lungs, but systemic disorders occur. Cardiac asthma has a characteristic clinical picture:

cough is dry, without sputum;
wheezing is dry or finely bubbling;
“upper” (diastolic) pressure is greatly increased;
expiratory shortness of breath;
wheezing;
increased heart rate;
cyanosis at the ends of the digital phalanges and in the area of the nasolabial triangle.

The duration of the attack varies. Asthmatic wheezing in bronchial and cardiac pathologies is similar in sound, but different in manifestation. In the presence of diseases of the vascular system and breath sounds It is necessary to check the patient's blood pressure and measure the pulse. Based on the data obtained, treatment tactics are selected.

Treating wheezing and eliminating its causes

Since wheezing during breathing can occur when various systems are affected, it is necessary to find out their cause before starting treatment. In case of heart pathologies, consult a cardiologist. If the reasons are defeat lung tissue, the treatment is carried out or by a therapist.

Diseases that provoke bronchial wheezing occur for several reasons.

The choice of treatment tactics depends on the etiology:

dry wheezing due to allergies or asthma is relieved antihistamines(, Loratadine, Zyrtec, );
moist wheezing due to a viral infection goes away within a few days with plenty of warm drinks, frequent ventilation and taking vitamin complexes;
severe bacterial diseases (pneumonia) are treated with antibiotics (macrolides, fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, penicillins).

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In addition to influencing the mechanism of appearance, it is necessary to use additional medications For symptomatic therapy. These include:

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mucolytics for dry wheezing (,);
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