Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic skin disease that is localized in areas of the skin with a large number of sebaceous glands (such places are the face, skin folds and scalp).

This skin inflammation affects up to five percent of all people. Moreover, most of the patients are men. The first signs of seborrhea appear in infancy, then in adolescence, and then seborrhea can make itself felt in the period from twenty to fifty years.

Seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp

Types of seborrhea that can affect the scalp:

• Oily seborrhea, in which the hair quickly becomes greasy and sticks together in strands. The cause of this type of seborrheic dermatitis of the head is the excessive work of the sebaceous glands. In most cases, this type of lesion occurs in young girls.
• Dry seborrhea characterized by severe drying of the epidermis, up to the appearance of bleeding cracks on it. Occurs in teenagers.
• Mixed(combines manifestations of the previous two types)

Seborrheic dermatitis in infants is accompanied by the appearance of yellow scaly crusts on the head. Such formations spread quite quickly throughout the head. Moreover, they can affect not only the scalp, but also the cheeks, forehead and skin behind the ears.

Causes of seborrheic dermatitis on the head

Appearance of this disease may be provoked by external and internal factors, which provide Negative influence on the human immune system, disrupting the natural microflora of the skin.

The main cause of skin inflammation in the case of seborrhea is a fungus of the genus Malassezia, which lives in places where there is more active work sebaceous glands. With seborrhea, the number of microorganisms increases, which leads to certain manifestations on the skin.

External environmental factors that can lead to the development of lesions include:

Add to list internal reasons The development of seborrheic dermatitis includes:

• Heredity. The fact is that in some cases, increased sensitivity to the waste products of a microscopic fungus is transmitted at the genetic level.
• Irregularities at work digestive system . In this case, seborrheic dermatitis is a symptom of other health problems.
• Disorders of the central nervous system, which can provoke excessive secretion of sebum.
• Changes hormonal levels , which may be a consequence of hormonal changes or dysfunction of the endocrine system.
• Reduced protective properties immune system , which can happen due to a lack of vitamins and microelements, stress, when taking certain medications that suppress the immune system, etc.

Symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis on the head

Manifestations of such a lesion as seborrheic dermatitis are:

• the appearance of large particles of dead skin;
• peeling;
• redness;

IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW!

Symptoms of seborrhea may vary.

Based on the differences in symptoms, three types of this skin lesion can be distinguished:

• Dry type. In this case, seborrhea makes itself felt by the appearance of whitish scales. When separated from the skin, redness of the skin appears. This variety is characterized by difficulty in sebum coming to the surface, which leads to dry skin and clogged pores. All this leads to the appearance of acne, comedones and atheroma.
• Fat type. This type is most common in adolescents who have entered puberty. It develops against the background of hormonal changes. Oily seborrhea is divided into thick and liquid. Liquid is most common in teenage girls. In this case, a large amount of sebaceous secretion is observed when pressing on the surface. This is especially pronounced in the natural folds of the skin, for example, in the area of ​​the wings of the nose. In young men, thick seborrhea is most often observed, when sebum is much more difficult to separate and the secretion of the sebaceous glands has an unpleasant odor.
• Mixed type. This type of lesion has symptoms of both types of seborrhea and most often occurs in adults, mainly men. In this case, the dry or thick type is localized on the scalp, and the dry type affects the skin of the face. In some cases, the inflammatory process also affects the eyelids.

How and with what to treat seborrheic dermatitis at home?

Treatment of seborrhea is carried out mostly at home; sometimes, in addition to medications and special products, recipes from traditional medicine. Treatment in some cases can be difficult, since it is practically impossible to directly regulate the functioning of the sebaceous glands of the skin.

To quickly eliminate all manifestations of seborrhea, the therapy used must be comprehensive. In other words, treatment should be carried out using shampoos, special ointments, antifungal and strengthening drugs, and methods alternative medicine, and physiotherapy.

The list of drugs used is determined by a specialist based on the individual characteristics of the patient’s body, the location of the lesion and the degree of its development.

The list of drugs and measures that can be prescribed for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis includes:

All of the above remedies in a variety of combinations can be used for exacerbations of seborrhea.

It is worth noting that it is not enough to cure acute form. Sometimes therapy must be continued for a long time, in some complex cases it is several months. Treatment can be completed only when all symptoms disappear. Such a measure is necessary to prevent relapse.

Prevention

Exacerbation even in case successful treatment could happen again.

To avoid such a repetition, you should follow a few fairly simple rules to follow:

• Use special shampoo, tar soap and other hygiene products selected together with a dermatologist;
• Follow the principles of proper nutrition;
• Change your underwear frequently and wear clothes only made from natural fabrics that allow your skin to breathe freely;
• Reception vitamin complexes, which should include sulfur, selenium and zinc;
• Normalization of the digestive system and prevention of the manifestations of diseases associated with seborrhea.

At the first signs of a return of the disease, you should immediately seek help from a specialist. Remember, the sooner treatment begins, the easier the exacerbation itself will pass and the less time it will take for all procedures.

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Conclusion

Seborrheic dermatitis is a fairly common disease of the upper layers of the skin, which is manifested by the appearance of redness, itching and peeling. In most cases it occurs in men. Most often it affects the scalp, where it is located a large number of sebaceous glands.

If you are concerned about dandruff and itching, excessive oiliness or dry hair, you may need treatment for seborrhea of ​​the scalp. The disease is a dermatological one and is caused by a malfunction of the sebaceous glands. Pathology is a consequence of changes occurring in the chemical composition of sebum.

The disease manifests itself due to improper functioning of the sebaceous glands.

Effective Treatments

Treatment is carried out comprehensively. Proper care of the scalp is important, but pharmaceutical preparations will also be required. You may need to undergo treatment under the supervision of a doctor.

• prescribe diet menu, recommending the consumption of eggs, fruits, vegetables, cereals, excluding spicy and salty dishes, seasonings, fatty foods;
• physiotherapy is prescribed;
• Prescribe medications containing zinc and sulfur, vitamins D, E, A, B to combat the manifestations of the disease;
• in severe forms of the disease, it is prescribed hormone therapy;
• diagnosis and treatment of all diseases in the body;
• Prescribe medications that will help restore the functions of the autonomic nervous system.

When symptoms of the disease appear, a person is recommended to stay in the sun for a longer time, walking without covering his head, unless there are other contraindications.

Dry and oily seborrhea

Seborrheic dermatitis on the head is treated with a special ointment that contains sulfur, salicylic acid and, if necessary, hormones.

1. Doctors recommend treating dry seborrhea of ​​the scalp with 10% ointment that contains sulfur, rubbing it into the scalp for 5 minutes. This is done daily for about 8 days. On the ninth day, the hair should rest, and on the tenth day it should be washed with boiled water using special shampoos containing tar, zinc pyrithione, selenium sulfide.
2. The next day, the hair is treated with a solution boric acid. You need 2 tsp. dissolve boric acid in 200 ml warm water. The mixture is rubbed into the scalp before bed, then the head is wrapped in a towel until the morning. Repeat the procedure every evening for 3 days, then take a break for a week, and on the tenth day you need to rinse your hair. To treat dry seborrhea, it is necessary to repeat the procedure at least 2 more times.

If you are concerned about oily seborrheic dermatitis, rub a solution of sulfate or thiosulfate acid into the scalp.

Many people wonder how to get rid of seborrhea using folk remedies. You can achieve good results in the treatment of oily and dry seborrheic dermatitis by using medicinal plants. But there is no guarantee that the disease will not return. This applies to all other methods of treatment.

The main condition for the effectiveness of therapy is additional care which will help minimize relapses of the disease. Once a month or a month and a half you need to use another medicine, so as not to get used to one and not reduce its effect.

How to get rid of seborrhea

To cure seborrhea, you need to:

• relieve yourself of stress;
• address immunodeficiency;
• regulate hormonal levels.

• multivitamin preparations;
• antifungal agents;
• brewer's yeast;
• biogenic stimulants.

Seborrheic dermatitis is fungal disease, so it is treated with antifungal drugs. The doctor helps you choose the right remedy by examining sensitivity to various antifungal drugs. Most often prescribed are Ketoconazole or Bifonazole.

Sometimes the cause of symptoms of the disease is a lack of minerals and useful vitamins in organism. Therefore, you need to take multivitamin medications prescribed by your doctor.

Biogenic stimulants will help speed up metabolism and increase blood supply to the scalp.

Your doctor may prescribe scalp physical therapy

Proper care of your scalp and hair is very important. It is better not to use styling products during an exacerbation, but to buy shampoo and conditioner at the pharmacy.

Drug treatment

Experienced doctors will advise how to treat seborrhea with medications. They usually prescribe corticosteroids:

• Hydrocortisone;
• Soderma;
• Flumethasone;
• Flucinara.

If the infection is caused by bacteria, the specialist will prescribe antibiotic treatment. If seborrheic dermatitis is severe, retinoid therapy is prescribed. The drugs can be used internally (for example, Retasol) and externally (retinoic ointment).

Triamcinolone, as well as other corticosteroids, are often used for treatment.

This treatment regimen gives a good effect: for 2 weeks, Biofon is applied to the affected areas of the scalp three times a week, Soderm is applied daily. Then for another 2 weeks you need to continue treatment only with Biofon and apply it to the skin three times a day for 7 days. The course of treatment lasts 4 weeks.

Some experts believe that the treatment of seborrhea will be much more effective if you use zinc, which is contained in shampoos, creams, and aerosols. Sometimes cosmetologists advise using anti-inflammatory and absorbable masks for facial cleansing to treat the scalp.

Folk remedies

Many people are concerned about the symptoms, but not everyone immediately turns to doctors, but first tries to get rid of the disease using traditional methods. Sometimes they help for a while, sometimes - forever, everything is individual. We do not recommend self-medicating or diagnosing yourself. Even before using folk remedies, you should consult your doctor.

1. From oily seborrhea Burdock roots can help.
2. The remedy is considered effective oak bark. For results to appear, you need to rinse your hair with the decoction every 3 days for 2 months. To prepare a decoction, add 1 liter of cool water to 3 tbsp. l. oak bark, bring to a boil over heat and simmer for another 10 minutes. The broth should sit for half an hour, after which it is filtered.
3. You can cure the disease by rubbing the infusion pharmaceutical chamomile. To prepare it, pour a liter of boiling water into 2 tbsp. l. chamomile inflorescences and cook for no more than 5 minutes.
4. Rubbing aloe juice into alcohol helps many. To prepare the infusion, add alcohol to pre-squeezed aloe juice in a ratio of 5:1. This mixture should be stored in a cool and dark place. It is rubbed into the head every other day for 3 months.

Burdock root will help in the fight against seborrhea

No less effective are preparations with a thick consistency - pastes, creams and ointments, but if a person has oily skin, such products are not recommended. The only cream that can be used is with henna.

For dry seborrhea, special creams and oils are rubbed into the skin. This compensates for the lack of fat and increases the duration of skin contact with medicinal products.

It is very important that the oil is not rubbed in too intensely, because the hair will break and be pulled out. Rub in oils and creams for 20 minutes, gently and thoroughly. It is best not to take too much oil, because its excess will cause the hair to quickly become dirty, sweating and skin thermoregulation will be disrupted. It is recommended to treat dry seborrhea with oil extracts from medicinal plants: tricolor violet, flax and others.

Burdock oil helps to cope with the symptoms of the disease: it is rubbed into the skin on the head, a hat is put on for several hours, and after that the oil is washed off with regular shampoo. These steps must be repeated 2-3 times a week for a month. Six months later the course is repeated.

For dry seborrhea, you can massage your head with sunflower, olive or burdock oil with the addition of lemon juice. The procedure is carried out 15 minutes before washing your hair. The oil is rubbed into the head with fingertips along the partings.

A complex approach

Most reliable way treatment of the disease - combination pharmaceutical drugs and folk remedies. You should not prescribe a treatment course yourself. It is better to go to a dermatologist, he will not only tell you how to get rid of seborrhea, but also identify the causes of the disease.

1. A common treatment for seborrheic dermatitis is vegetable oil(it can soften the scaly layer) and alkaline or potassium soap.
2. Effective method treatment - steam bath. But many believe that frequent water procedures are harmful for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis on the head.
3. The doctor prescribes special astringents– zinc acetate, mercuric dichloride and zinc sulfate. These agents narrow the sebaceous excretory ducts.
4. Often, in cases of severe seborrheic dermatitis, a person feels tired because they are severely lacking iron. In this case, to local treatment they also add the use of drugs with iron and arsenic, which are combined with fish oil.
5. Seborrhea of ​​the scalp is always accompanied by slight skin infiltration. To eliminate it, the doctor will prescribe a special ointment together with astringents.
6. The most common symptoms include severe itching and hair loss. Usually minor hair thinning ends after full recovery. To avoid hair loss during illness, doctors recommend rinsing your hair with a saline solution 2 times a day. But if a person has hyperemia, the use of the solution is not allowed.
7. Potassium soap should be used after the redness on the skin has subsided.

When treating seborrhea of ​​the scalp, it is very important to follow a proper diet.

Prevention of seborrheic dermatitis

During treatment, you do not need to dye your hair, perm it, and it is not advisable to use styling products. You can only use special vegetable dyes that will make your hair stronger and will not damage your skin.

While washing your hair, you need to massage with your fingertips, which will significantly improve blood flow.

Video: how to get rid of seborrhea on the head and body

In addition to this, you also need:

1. Thoroughly wash all combs and brushes that you have used every day.
2. Limit animal fats, carbohydrates, salt, smoked and spicy foods, and alcoholic beverages as much as possible. Food should contain vitamins, vegetables and dairy products.
3. If possible, dry your hair without using a hair dryer.
4. Consume vitamins regularly.
5. Enough sleep.
6. Exercise.

Video: how to recognize the disease

If you are prone to seborrhea, it is better to buy hair care products at the pharmacy. A dermatologist recommends washing your hair at least once every 5 days. But if your hair becomes oily very quickly, you should use shampoos for daily care, more gentle than other shampoos.

For women and men, these include:

• Endocrine pathology (dysfunction of the gonads and thyroid gland, diabetes). These disorders lead to a change in the ratio of sex hormones (decrease in the concentration of estrogens and increase in androgens) in the blood, resulting in an increase in the amount of sebum.
• Benign or malignant neoplasms(tumors producing androgens).
• Hormonal changes in the body puberty(many scientists believe that with this option, so-called physiological seborrhea develops, since the disease ends at the end of puberty).
• Neuroendocrine dysfunctions and genetic predisposition (autonomic imbalance, Parkinson's disease, cranial nerve palsies.
• Congenital and acquired immunodeficiencies (HIV).
• Long-term and uncontrolled use of testosterone drugs, anabolic steroids, glucocorticosteroids.

The leading pathogenetic agent in the development of seborrhea is the yeast-like fungus Pityrosporum ovale (also Malassezia furfur). This fungus accounts for 40-50% normal microflora scalp.

In the presence of the above-mentioned causes and factors for the development of seborrhea, control over the growth of Malassezia furfur is lost, which gives impetus to the onset of the disease. Additionally, we advise you to read and learn about the causes of a similar disease - psoriasis.

Kinds

There are three types of seborrhea of ​​the scalp:

1. Oily seborrhea. It develops more often in women in at a young age and is associated with vegetoneurosis. It is characterized by an increase in the secretion of sebum, which, together with keratinized scales, forms a yellowish thick mass, the skin becomes shiny, papulopustular acne often occurs, that is.

   This type of seborrhea is often accompanied by various inflammatory processes: the accumulation of weeping areas, scales, crusts on the skin, as well as severe. In men, it often manifests itself as alopecia.

2. Dry. Occurs when there is a decreased secretion of the sebaceous glands hair follicle. This form is characterized by the presence, in some cases accompanied severe itching and hair fragility.

   Another sign of this type of seborrhea is seboreids - these are pinkish spots that form on the affected areas of the skin and are accompanied by a feeling of tightness.

3. Mixed form. Signs of this form are: a dry form on the skin of the face and oily seborrheic dermatitis on the scalp.

Photo

Symptoms of seborrhea

Seborrhea can occur acutely, subacutely, and also acquire chronic course. IN clinical picture The course of this disease includes the following symptoms of scalp seborrhea:

• The skin of the scalp is covered with stuck together scales.
• Oily, shiny skin.
• Bonding hair.
• and skin inflammation.
• heads.
• Hair loss (alopecia).
• Copious dandruff.

Relatively often pathological process goes to the border of hair growth and forehead, nasolabial folds, eyelashes and eyebrows, mustache and beard area.

Often, seborrhea of ​​the scalp is accompanied by characteristic blepharitis (inflammation of the edges of the eyelids). It is characterized by the formation of small crusts along the edges of the eyelids, after separation of which scarring remains. Also Eyelashes are often damaged by seborrhea.

Diagnostics

1. A consultation with a trichologist or dermatologist with trichodermatoscopy is mandatory.
2. A thorough history taking to identify risk factors.
3. Blood test for hormones such as testosterone and estrogens.
4. Apply if necessary ultrasonography thyroid gland and abdominal organs.
5. It is also important to exclude diabetes mellitus and the presence of androgen-producing tumors.

Treatment

Pharmacy products

heads are carried out using medications, and there are also a number. For effective treatment, it is advisable to adhere to certain principles:

1. The use of drugs aimed at suppressing bacterial flora.
2. Carrying out specific .
3. Restoring normal routine and diet (excluding fried, fatty, salty and sweet foods).
4. Suppression of immune inflammation reactions in combination with increased immune response reactions.

Basic medications used to treat seborrhea:

1. Antifungal agents from imidazoles groups:
   • Ketoconazole (Nizoral) ≈ 800 rubles.
   • Itraconazole (Orungal) ≈ 2700 rubles.
   • Fluconazole (Diflucan) ≈ 900 rubles.
   • Clotrimazole ≈ 50 rubles.
   • Miconazole ≈ 100 rubles.
   • Voriconazole ≈ 6700 rubles.
2. Preparations containing zinc: Pyrithione zinc ≈ 600 rubles. It has a cytostatic effect on the cells of the basal layer of the epidermis.
3. Glucocorticoids: Acrylerm ≈ 130 rubles. (have antiproliferative and strong anti-inflammatory effects).
4. Vitamins:
   • Group B (Milgamma) ≈ 450 rubles.
   • Ascorbic acid ≈ 20-70 rubles.
   • Folic acid ≈ 45-80 rubles.
   • Vitamins A, E, PP.
5. Keratolytic drugs: Salicylic acid preparations (Belosalik) ≈ 450 – 700 rubles.

Traditional methods

Exist traditional methods treatment of seborrhea. Self-medication without consulting a doctor can lead to serious consequences.

But, there are certain procedures that you can carry out yourself:

Watch a video about what traditional methods are used in the treatment of seborrhea of ​​the scalp:

Cosmetic procedures

In beauty salons and offices, physiotherapy procedures are carried out that improve microcirculation of the scalp. Physical procedures include cryomassage (from 1000 rubles) and dorsonvalization (from 150 rubles).

It is also important to prevent seborrhea in order to prevent the occurrence of this disease, rather than treat it. First of all, it is necessary to maintain personal hygiene.

Seborrhea also called dandruff, dandruff and oily skin. Because of it, the skin becomes inflamed and red, and dandruff and scales appear in the hair, and the hair itself falls out and thins. The stratum corneum of the skin becomes very dense. These manifestations indicate internal medicine, which needs to be treated not only from the outside.

Causes may be external, metabolic and genetic. Seborrhea is caused by yeast-like fungi found in the body of every person. They begin to multiply with increased sebaceous secretion and disrupt the protective skin barrier. The disease starts from the back of the head and spreads further to the hairline, and then spreads to smooth skin. The disease can appear even with VSD, weak immunity, diabetes mellitus, thyroid pathology, chronic fatigue, poor hygiene, in the presence of neurological and mental disorders, inherited, from bad atmospheric conditions. With seborrhea can come boils and folliculitis, pyoderma, baldness, rosacea, and senile warts. Seborrhea is always observed in immunodeficiency. To prevent seborrhea, it is necessary to carefully observe personal hygiene, constantly drink vitamins, harden yourself, treat chronic infections and stomach problems, and regularly walk around the fresh air.

Importance of sebum

Human skin is made up of small, almost invisible pores and sebaceous glands through which sebum and sweat are secreted. Sweat is needed to cool the body and remove harmful and unnecessary substances. The purpose of sebum is to lubricate the skin and maintain its microflora.

Sebum also contains carbohydrates and proteins or acids. This composition promotes normal skin water and fat metabolism and protects the skin from harmful phenomena such as cracking, peeling and infection.

The outputs of the sebaceous glands are scattered in several pieces over the entire surface of the skin and are located on seborrheic areas, namely, on the nose, forehead, chin, hair, chest, shoulders and upper back, between the shoulder blades. Moreover, throughout a person’s life and depending on his health, a huge number of sebaceous glands do not work all together, but in turn or in groups.

Symptoms and types of seborrhea

At bad work sebaceous glands, seborrhea appears in the hair. Because of this, the secretions from the glands change in composition, and fatty acids begin to increase in them. After this, the skin microflora changes for the worse, pathologically, and numerous bacteria and fungi appear, due to which the skin itches, peels off, and redness and acne appear on it. Seborrhea is translated from Latin as excessive secretion. But currently, seborrhea occurs with both high and low secretion. It can affect the head, eyebrows, eyelashes, mustache and beard. Severe seborrhea is always accompanied by plaques and sometimes bloody crusts. The ears are also affected.

Oily seborrhea is the result of strong work of the glands

The skin with this seborrheic variety is dense, moist, with enlarged large pores, with black dots in them, the skin looks like orange peel and has a shine and a gray tint, there may also be whiteheads. Hair is always oily. The discharge is liquid or viscous, which leads to thick or thin secretion. The ducts quickly become clogged with sebum and scales, and a fungal infection spreads in them, and then acne occurs. The pathology moves deep into the skin, forming various pimples. With extensive infection, skin inflammation or dermatitis and seborrheic eczema can form. From oily seborrhea appears in the hair large dandruff in the form of large flakes. Hair remains greasy even with regular washing, causing it to begin to fall out and become thinner.

Dry seborrhea - from insufficient sebum

It appears due to the fact that sebum is produced in insufficient quantities. The skin dries out, becomes tight, and wounds and cracks form on it. The skin becomes inelastic. Red-pink spots or seboreids appear on the damaged surface. After washing, skin tightness increases and itching occurs. But you still can’t stop washing your hair. Because dirty hair will make the disease worse. At the same time, the hair is brittle and dry, and its ends are split. All this is accompanied by fine dry dandruff. If it appears, it means there is a damaging infection due to pathological microflora.

Mixed seborrhea with dry and oily symptoms. The mixed type of seborrhea is more common on the face. With it, the forehead will be shiny from fat, and the nose will be flaky from dryness and lack of fluid. This type of seborrhea is treated with various methods. Lotions are taken simultaneously for oily and dry skin.

Manifestations of seborrhea in infants

All newborns exhibit seborrhea, it is also called cradle cap, milk crusts, gneiss and lep. It appears as a hard crust on the head of three-month-old children. Its location is on the crown and on the top of the head. It may appear as greasy flakes or small lesions in the hair. This disease occurs in all children, even well-cared for ones. It is recommended to first lubricate the baby’s head with massage oil for an hour, and then, when bathing, carefully remove the already soft crusts with a piece of diaper. Infant seborrhea no longer appears in healthy children after removal. But it can form again in diathesis sufferers and allergy sufferers.

What causes seborrhea

As stated above, the sebaceous glands do not act all together. The intensity of their work is closely related to the ecology, climate, gender of a person, his hormones, health and age. And if a suitable number of sebaceous glands works for healthy skin, then seborrhea will never appear. Under harmful conditions environment or in case of poor health, secretion increases, and oily seborrhea is formed, and with decreased secretion, dry seborrhea will occur.

Let's look at how age affects the appearance of seborrhea. In children the disease will manifest itself allergic rashes due to the fact that they have fewer sebaceous glands. In adolescents, the number of glands is already greater, due to increasing hormone levels. And then they develop physiological seborrhea. After the restructuring, if there are no health problems, the glands will return to normal function. In healthy adults who do not change climate, the glands are in normal condition. In old age, the sebaceous glands become smaller, sexual functions fade away, so seborrhea is mostly absent.

What can lead to seborrhea

Seborrhea may signal complex diseases against the background of hormones. In men, seborrhea predicts testicular tumor. And female seborrhea indicates an increase in male hormones and a decrease in female ones. This is also associated with excess body weight and ovarian problems.

Skin flakes may appear due to damaged skin or intestinal microflora, insufficient mineral nutrition and vitamin deficiency. Chronic environmental, industrial, nicotine and alcohol poisoning- also a direct path to seborrhea.

How to cure seborrhea at home

To have a confident and successful result, you need complex treatment. You need to influence both the skin and the gastrointestinal tract, adhere to a diet, avoid chronic poisoning and stress, thereby normalizing hormones. Patients with an affected face should not wash it with soap and water. Instead, you need to wipe your facial skin with cleansing milk or lotion. A special washing gel will help remove excess fat. For dry seborrhea, fatty ointments are suitable, and for oily seborrhea, mash and lotions are suitable. On the eyelids, crusts should be removed very carefully with a swab soaked in special preparations with ophthalmic doses.

The right diet is the key to success in treatment

Seborrhea will always haunt lovers of sweets, fatty and fried foods. Diet can help in any case, even if the unstable functioning of the glands is not related to nutrition. But more often hormonal imbalance observed in overeating and malnourished people. In this case, the diet leads to lasting recovery and becomes especially effective.

During treatment, you should not eat sweets, which include light carbohydrates, that is, jams, pastries, sweets and cakes; baked goods in the form white bread and buns; pasta and semolina; fast food, smoked and pickled; fried, lard and fatty meat. It is also better to avoid chocolate and coffee. All this favors the proliferation of pathological microflora, worsens the gastrointestinal tract and absorption useful substances, is not absorbed by the body, poisons the liver with toxins and leads to heavy discharge through the skin. The diet usually contains:

1. dried fruits with nuts;
2. fruits and vegetables;
3. fermented milk products;
4. dietary meats;
5. cereals

The food should be dominated by fiber, zinc, brewer's yeast, vitamins B and U. At the same time, you need to drink enough water - up to two liters daily, which will dilute and remove everything harmful from the body. At the same time, water balance and digestion will be improved. Intestinal dysbiosis that occurs with seborrhea must also be cured. It’s a good idea to simultaneously prevent bile stagnation. Even the treatment of caries and chronic tonsillitis can improve general state skin. Physical activity, bowel movements and sleep should be normal.

Traditional methods of treating seborrhea

1. They will help soft part and aloe juice. Its antibacterial properties will have a beneficial effect on affected skin. Aloe vera substances are found in ointments and creams. Treatment with it is highly effective - the affected areas disappear, dandruff and itching go away. Aloe pulp can be applied to the head in the form of masks. Juice from the leaves is used for the shoulders and face.
2. IN oil tea tree contains a natural antiseptic without side effects. It should be added dropwise to lotions, creams and shampoos, since in its pure form it is highly concentrated and pungent.
3. For seborrheic skin it is good to take daily baths with cooker or sea ​​salt .
4. Hair is rinsed solution apple cider vinegar . It will prevent the appearance of bacteria. Another fifteen-minute mustard mask will help. And the affected areas on the skin can be lubricated with honey.
5. Sage, chamomile, string, burdock, nettle and St. John's wort decoctions you can drink, wipe your skin with them and add them to general baths. You can also rub yourself with oak decoction and alcohol tincture of the peel. walnuts. Seborrheic scalp can be irradiated by the sun or in a solarium. Thanks to the sun, the skin will be cleansed and pathological microflora will be neutralized.
6. The scalp can be treated antiseborrheic shampoos with antifungal additives. Part medicated shampoos include ketoconazole, which is available for children over twelve years of age and adults, ciclopirox, which is also used to treat thrush, selenium sulfide, which destroys fungus, and zinc pyrithione, with the same effect.
7. Medical tar, which prevents the fungus from multiplying. Medicinal shampoos should additionally include anti-inflammatory and nutrients. Wash with shampoo twice a week until the seborrheic signs disappear completely. Then these funds are used for prevention once every two weeks. After washing with shampoo, coarse salt can be rubbed into the scalp with damp hair and massaged for several minutes. Then rinse your hair with water. This can be repeated after every shampoo. For prevention, the procedure is carried out every two weeks. After such peeling, hair will stop falling out, dandruff will completely disappear, horny scales will be well removed, the skin will remain intact, hair will become thicker and thicker, and blood circulation will improve. You can wash your face and body with shampoo foam.
8. After removal acute manifestations carry out physiotherapy, darsonval, magnetotherapy, electroporation, laser puncture and cold head massage. At the same time, tissue nutrition will improve, blood vessels will narrow, and hair thickness will be maintained. At the same time, the epidermis will exfoliate better, and the blood will have normal microcirculation.
9. Women will have to give up curling, styling, frequent blow-drying and constant hair coloring. It is better to replace chemical paints with coloring balms or products that do not contain harmful ammonia.
10. For mild seborrhea, apply the rash twice a week for a month creams, ointments and solutions of antifungal agents, and in severe cases, exfoliate before treatment tar and salicylic acid, or soften the skin with oils. If this does not help, then they resort to hormonal ointments and take antifungal agents orally for a week. These drugs include terbinafine, ketoconazole, fluconazole and isotretinoin. Complete comprehensive treatment of seborrhea should take one month.

How to treat seborrhea with medication

1. Use medications with medical tar, selenium, zinc and salicylic acid. They can be in shampoos, lotions, creams and ointments. Selenium and zinc will prevent the growth of bacteria, tar will reduce the number of fungi, salicylic acid will neutralize and cleanse pores, but you need to be careful with it, as it can lead to dryness, redness and inflammation. They also use antifungal agents contained in shampoos, balms, ointments and lotions.
2. You need to take the antibacterial doxycycline and the anti-allergenic loratadine internally., which relieves irritation and itching, anti-inflammatory sodium chloride and detoxifying sodium thiosulfate, which will exfoliate and reduce redness, as well as minerals and vitamins that improve metabolism. But seborrhea cannot be treated with hormonal drugs. They can dilate blood vessels and atrophy the skin, despite their rapid treatment. They are used in extreme cases and only according to medical prescriptions.
3. Dandruff, dry or oily seborrhea should not be treated only with external methods. Redness, peeling and rashes are chronic signs internal diseases. An integrated approach including treatment of the gastrointestinal tract, diets, natural antiseptics, coupled with external remedies, such as shampoos and lotions, can help completely overcome the disease.

Seborrheic dermatitis (seborrheic eczema, seborrhea) - causes, symptoms, treatment, reviews. Diet for seborrheic dermatitis

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What is seborrheic dermatitis?

Seborrheic dermatitis ( seborrhea, seborrheic eczema) is called inflammation of the skin in the areas where the sebaceous glands are located, which in most cases is chronic and tends to worsen in spring or autumn.

This disease can appear at any age, even in infancy. According to statistics, men are more likely to suffer from seborrhea. The prevalence of seborrheic dermatitis is about 2-5% among the world's population.

The most characteristic areas of localization of foci of seborrheic dermatitis are:

• nasolabial folds;
• eyebrows and brow ridges;
• area above the lip;
• cheekbones.

But any sebaceous glands can be involved in the pathological process, so sometimes foci of seborrheic dermatitis can occur in other areas of the face.

Dermatitis of the scalp

Seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp initially manifests itself in a dry form, which is accompanied by the appearance of dandruff. At the next stage of the disease, areas of redness appear on the scalp, which is accompanied by unpleasant sensations and itching.

When scratching, bleeding wounds can form on the scalp, which, when a secondary infection occurs, fester. The hair quickly becomes greasy, especially the root part, and the patient begins to notice that he has to wash his hair more often in order to appearance was neat.

Next, plaques of milky or yellow color, which are gradually growing. Plaque scales can be barely noticeable and stick together with sebum and the scalp. When such scales are scraped off, an inflamed area of ​​red skin is revealed on the head.

With the progression and long-term course of seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp, hair loss increases, and in some cases, areas of baldness of various sizes appear.

When the inflammatory process subsides, hair growth in these areas usually resumes.

Treatment of seborrheic dermatitis

Treatment of seborrheic dermatitis is carried out by a dermatologist and other specialists (gastroenterologist, endocrinologist, gynecologist, etc.).

Treatment of scalp dermatitis

Treatment of dermatitis of the scalp is carried out comprehensively:
1. A diet is prescribed (it is recommended to introduce foods rich in zinc, vitamins A, B, C and PP, and selenium into the diet).
2. It is recommended to use an antifungal drug (Nizorex, Mycozoral, Sebazol, Nizoral, Ketoconazole, Dermazol, etc.) in the form of a cream, gel or shampoo.
3. Antifungal antiseptics are prescribed (tar soap, zinc paste, quassia bitter extract, tea tree oil, etc.).
4. Traditional medicine recipes can be used.

Along with this treatment, therapy is carried out for the underlying disease, which contributes to the development of seborrhea. As far as possible, predisposing factors (stress, hypothermia, poor nutrition, etc.) are eliminated.

Shampoos for seborrheic dermatitis
The modern cosmetology and pharmacological industry produces a wide range of shampoos for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis: Nizoral, Ketoconazole, Skin-cap, Squafan S, Sulsena, Cynovit, Kelual DS, Friederm Zinc, Danex, etc.

These tools help:

• reduce the number of fungi on the surface of the scalp and hair;
• reduce the amount of sebum produced;
• remove the formed scales;
• inhibit cell division and scale formation.

All of the above properties good shampoos against seborrhea are guaranteed by the presence in their composition of active components that have antifungal, cytostatic, moisturizing and anti-inflammatory properties.

Basic active ingredients antiseborrheic shampoos:

• ketoconazole 1-2% – has an antifungal effect, used 2 times a week, contraindicated until 12 years of age;
• ciclopirox 1-1.5% – has an antifungal effect, used 1-2 times a week;
• selenium sulfide – has a destructive effect on the fungus;
• zinc pyrithione – eliminates inflammation, affects fungus;
• medical tar – inhibits the growth of fungi and the formation of scales, eliminates inflammation and flaking of the scalp.

As a rule, medicated shampoos are prescribed for 2-4 weeks. The frequency of their use may vary depending on the severity of symptoms. In some cases, it is recommended to use two medicated shampoos (for example, one containing an antifungal drug, and the other with zinc).

Antiseborrheic shampoos should not contain substances that contribute to skin irritation. These include: parabens, aromatic fragrances, aggressive surfactants (SLESS, SLS), etc.

Treatment of facial skin dermatitis

Treatment of seborrheic dermatitis of the facial skin is also complex. In addition to eliminating the cause of dermatitis, therapy for this disease includes a number of general recommendations to normalize nutrition and change your facial skin care regimen.

Features of facial skin care:

• Do not use aggressive foams and soaps for washing.
• To cleanse the skin, use special gels or milks that contain components with antiseptic, antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties (for example, ketoconazole, tea tree oil, salicylic acid, zinc, selenium, lithium salts, witch hazel extract, quassia bitters, etc.) .
• Do not use lotions and tonics containing alcohol.
• The use of ointments and creams containing hormonal components is possible only under medical supervision.

Medical cosmetics
Therapeutic cosmetics for seborrheic dermatitis should be selected individually and used in courses that can be prescribed both for the treatment of the disease and for its prevention.

The most effective medicinal cosmetics are: Quasix gels and creams; Sebovalis line from Sesderma; cleansing gel Uriage DS Gel Nettoyant; Bioderma; Sensibio product line; Tsindol and Tsinocap.
Drug therapy
Seborrheic dermatitis can be treated with: various schemes, using various pharmacological drugs.

Tablets:

• antibacterial drugs (Doxycycline, etc.);
• antihistamines (Citrine, Loratadine, Telfast, etc.);
• multivitamins and mineral complexes(Alphabet, Multitabs, Perfectil, Merz dragees, vitamin A, B 2 and C, nicotinic acid).

Medicinal ointments and creams:

• antifungal ointments (Nizoral, Mycospor, Bifisam, Ketodin, Lamisil, etc.);
• hormonal ointments (Elocom, etc.);
• immunostimulants (Tacolimus, Elidel, Protopic, Pimecrolimus).

The doctor may also prescribe medications to normalize the functioning of the digestive system and treat other concomitant diseases. When seborrheic dermatitis affects the skin of the eyelids and the development of blepharitis or conjunctivitis, rinsing the eyelids and eyes with antiseptic solutions and using antibacterial eye ointments and drops are used.

Physiotherapy
Physiotherapeutic treatments are also included in complex therapy seborrheic dermatitis. For this, patients are prescribed the following procedures:

• darsonval;
• UV irradiation;

Folk remedies for treating dermatitis

Traditional recipes used to treat seborrheic dermatitis are aimed at eliminating itching, inflammation and increasing general and local immunity. There are many recipes for internal and external use that significantly alleviate the course of the disease and improve the appearance of the skin.

Traditional recipes for the external treatment of skin seborrhea
St. John's wort decoction
Brew one tablespoon of dry St. John's wort herb in 200 ml of boiling water, let it brew. Wash your face with the resulting decoction or rinse the affected area of ​​skin with a napkin soaked in the decoction 2-3 times a day. The product helps get rid of inflammation and serves as a good preventive measure for secondary infections.

Oak bark decoction
20 g of dry bark is poured into 200 ml of water and kept in a water bath for about half an hour, filtered and used for rinsing or applying to lesions of seborrheic dermatitis. The product helps relieve itching and reduce inflammation.

Oil solution with calendula tincture for the treatment of oily seborrhea of ​​the face
10 teaspoons alcohol tincture Mix calendula with 1 teaspoon of castor oil. Rub the resulting mixture into the lesions of seborrheic dermatitis 1-2 times a day.

The same remedy can also be used to treat dry seborrhea - in such cases it is necessary to mix calendula tincture and Castor oil in equal proportions.

Birch bud decoction
Pour 5-6 pieces of birch buds into 200 ml of hot water and boil over low heat for about 15 minutes, cool and strain. This decoction can be used for washing, applying, rinsing the scalp, preparing pieces of ice for wiping areas of dermatitis and carrying out medicinal baths(to prepare a bath, you need to add 2 cups of decoction to it).

Traditional recipes for the external treatment of seborrhea of ​​the scalp
Walnut shell tincture
Collect unripe nuts, extract the contents, dry the shells and grind them in a coffee grinder. 100 gr. pour the resulting raw material with a liter of vodka or 40% alcohol, close the container and leave in a dark, cool place for about 2 weeks. Rub the resulting tincture into the areas of seborrhea on the scalp.

Garlic and nettle mask
Grind the peeled garlic into a paste, add an equal amount of crushed nettle leaves, mix and apply to areas of seborrhea or baldness caused by it. Apply the mask for 20 minutes, then rinse with warm water or a decoction of birch buds, burdock leaves or chamomile infusion.

Oak bark decoction and honey to get rid of dandruff
Mix oak bark decoction and honey in equal proportions (if not allergic reaction for bee products). Rub the resulting mixture into the scalp an hour before washing your hair. After just 10 such procedures, the amount of dandruff will be significantly reduced and the itching will be reduced.

Ointment based on golden mustache juice and olive oil
Mix in a ceramic bowl a tablespoon of juice from golden mustache leaves, baby cream and olive oil, add 1 teaspoon of valerian alcohol tincture. Apply the resulting ointment to the scalp affected by dermatitis an hour or two before washing your hair. This product helps eliminate itching and inflammation, accelerates the healing process of scratches and nourishes the skin.

Infusion kombucha
To use this product, you need to infuse the kombucha solution for a month. The resulting solution is rubbed daily into the areas of the scalp affected by dermatitis.

Dry food mustard
Wash your hair with mustard powder (instead of shampoo) 2 times a month.

Traditional recipes for seborrheic dermatitis for internal use
Blackcurrant bark infusion
Pour one tablespoon of bark into 200 ml of boiling water and leave in a warm place for about 8 hours. Take the resulting infusion 1 tablespoon 5 times a day.

Infusion soothing herbs and fruits of hawthorn and rose hips
Mix valerian roots, mint herb, hawthorn and rose hips in equal proportions. Pour 200 ml of boiling water over a tablespoon of the mixture and leave in a thermos overnight. Take the infusion 2 times a day, 100 ml.

It is best to discuss the duration of use of a particular prescription with your doctor.

Seborrheic dermatitis in children

Symptoms

Seborrheic dermatitis in children infancy
Dermatologists distinguish three degrees of severity of this disease:

• I ( light form) – rash and gneiss (crusts) are located on the scalp, sometimes behind ears, on the forehead and cheeks, but the general condition of the child is not disturbed.
• II (medium-heavy)– the rash and gneiss spread to the body and limbs, the child becomes easily excitable; he may experience diarrhea and frequent regurgitation.
• III (severe)– 2/3 of the skin surface is covered with hyperemic, edematous areas of rash and gneiss. A secondary infection occurs, which causes weeping and suppuration; the child is lethargic or restless, eats poorly and does not gain weight; diarrhea is observed.

Seborrheic dermatitis in infants begins to manifest itself as early as 2 or 3 weeks of life. The child develops elements of a rash on the scalp and, in rare cases, on the forehead, in the folds behind the ears and on the cheeks. After a short period of time, gneiss appears on the rash areas, which is formed due to the accelerated desquamation of epithelial cells and their impregnation with sebum.

Such areas of rash and gneiss can also be localized in natural skin folds on the surface of the body. They are rarely accompanied by itching and present as a maculopapular rash that is covered with greasy scales. Typically, areas of seborrheic dermatitis in infants do not become wet.

If treatment is not started in a timely manner, these areas of gneiss can grow and spread to any part of the body, but most often they are localized specifically on the scalp or in the baby’s perineal area. When a secondary infection occurs, pyoderma may develop, accompanied by the release of exudate and painful sensations, provoking restless behavior in the child.

With nutritional correction and timely therapy, the disease responds well to treatment, and its symptoms disappear either at 6-8 weeks of life, or by 7-8 weeks. one month old(sometimes by 1 year).

Seborrheic dermatitis in children over one year of age
Seborrheic dermatitis in older children has symptoms similar to the manifestations of this disease in adults.

In areas of the skin with a large number of sebaceous glands (scalp, nose and nasolabial folds, forehead, cheeks, back and chest), a rash of papular-squamous nature appears. After a short period of time, the rash becomes covered with scales stuck together with fat. When the top layer is removed, areas of inflammation and redness are found on the skin. Foci of dermatitis may be subject to secondary infection with the subsequent development of pyoderma, otitis, blepharitis and other infectious complications.

Like seborrhea in adults, this disease in older children can occur in liquid and thick form (i.e., dry and oily seborrheic dermatitis in children is distinguished). Characteristic feature This disease in children becomes chronic with periods of exacerbation, which can be provoked by various predisposing factors (stress, exacerbations chronic infections, immunodeficiency conditions, nutritional disorders, etc.).

Treatment

Treatment of seborrheic dermatitis in children under one year of age
Seborrheic dermatitis in children under one year of age responds well to treatment and, in some cases, can disappear on its own by 6-8 weeks of the child’s life. To treat it, it is recommended to strictly follow the rules of hygiene and use products that help destroy fungi and prevent the addition of a secondary infection.

In the absence of an allergic reaction to medicinal herbs Daily baths and hair washing using decoctions of chamomile, sage and calendula are recommended. After this, mineral or olive oil is applied to the foci of seborrheic dermatitis, which helps to gently remove the crusts and has a beneficial effect on the baby’s skin.

On areas of the skin of the face, torso and extremities affected by seborrheic dermatitis, after hygiene procedures It is also recommended to apply Bioderma Sensibio D.S. cream.

If a secondary infection occurs, the doctor may prescribe the use of antibacterial solutions for the hygiene of affected areas and the application of antimicrobial ointments and creams.

IN severe cases For seborrheic dermatitis in children under one year of age, the following may be prescribed: vitamin therapy, immunostimulants, antifungal and hormonal ointments, antibacterial drugs, physiotherapeutic procedures.
dandelion, burdock, etc.);

correction of diet;

physiotherapeutic procedures (darsonval, UV, laser therapy, cryotherapy).

If necessary, consultations with specialists of a narrow profile (gastroenterologist, endocrinologist, gynecologist, etc.) can be prescribed. The duration of treatment and dosage of drugs are prescribed by the doctor individually.

Seborrhea and seborrheic dermatitis: symptoms, causes, treatment - video

Diet for seborrheic dermatitis

Successful treatment of seborrheic dermatitis in any form of this disease largely depends on the patient following a proper diet. This is explained by the fact that the consumption of certain foods promotes the growth of fungal flora and changes chemical composition sweat and sebum.

That is why from the diet should be excluded some products and dishes:

• alcoholic drinks;
• hot, smoked, spicy and pickled dishes;
• products containing quickly digestible carbohydrates (flour and confectionery products, sweet drinks, jam, rice, semolina, pasta);
• fatty and fried foods;
• allergenic foods (honey, nuts, citrus fruits, eggs, strawberries, etc.).

Eating other foods helps normalize digestion and metabolic processes and speeds up recovery from seborrheic dermatitis.

Useful products that must be included in the diet for seborrheic dermatitis:

• low-fat varieties meat (veal, pork, white meat chicken, turkey, rabbit, lean fish);
• dairy products (natural fermented milk products, cottage cheese, low-fat cheeses, if tolerated well, you can drink whole milk);
• baked and boiled vegetables (pumpkin, zucchini, cabbage, asparagus and broccoli are especially useful);
• berries (gooseberries, cranberries, white cherries, red and black currants, watermelon, etc.);
• vegetable oils (sunflower and olive).

Patients with seborrheic dermatitis should pay close attention to sufficient consumption of drinking water.

In some cases, the doctor may recommend keeping a food diary, in which the patient will record their diet and reflect the severity of symptoms. Analysis of such a diary allows you to eliminate from the diet those foods that contributed to the exacerbation of symptoms and achieve a faster recovery.