Piracetam solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration "ozone farm. Piracetam injections: efficacy and safety Piracetam solution for intravenous intramuscular injection

Piracetam is a synthetic nootropic drug - the first in the history of pharmacology and the main tool so far in this group.

The tool is used in psychiatry and neurology, has wide range applications. It began to be widely used only in 1972, although it was invented almost 10 years earlier.

First meeting

Piracetam improves blood circulation in the brain, which improves memory and eliminates neurological disorders.

It is prescribed for the elderly prophylactic from, to children to improve memory and behavior correction, to drug addicts and alcoholics to relieve withdrawal symptoms. This harmless remedy well tolerated by the patient. It should be taken only as directed by a doctor. The drug belongs to pharmacological group- psychostimulants.

Piracetam has a beneficial effect on microcirculation and metabolic processes in the brain. Accelerates the utilization of glucose, stimulates metabolic processes in affected areas, inhibits the activation of activated platelets. Shows protective properties in brain damage that occurs as a result of oxygen starvation, intoxication and electric shock.

Pharmacokinetics and composition of the drug

Piracetam is produced as:

capsules 0.4 g in a package of 60 pieces;
tablets coated, 0.2 g in a package of 120 pieces;
solution 20% for injection in 5 ml ampoules, 10 ampoules per pack.

The solution contains an active substance - piracetam, and auxiliary (sodium acetate, acetic acid and water). In tablets and capsules, in addition to active substance piracetam, the following components are also present:

stearate;
povidone;
ethylcellulose;
talc and other substances.

In appearance, they are oval white and pretty large tablets and capsules with white powder inside in a gelatin shell.

The agent is well absorbed and penetrates into various fabrics organism. After taking his medicine maximum concentration in plasma occurs in an hour. Penetrates through the BBB, the placenta, tends to accumulate in the tissues of the brain and human organs.

It enters the brain tissue 1-4 hours after ingestion. From cerebrospinal fluid it is the most difficult to excrete - this indicates a high tropism for brain tissues. While in the body, piracetam does not undergo biotransformation and is excreted from the body by the kidneys unchanged. Bioavailability is almost 100%, regardless of the form of the drug.

Mechanism of action

The mechanism of action of this drug is not fully understood. He increases energy potential organism by accelerating the turnover of ATP, increasing the activity of adenylate cyclase and inhibiting nucleotide phosphatase.

Improvement of energy processes under the action of piracetam leads to an increase in the resistance of brain tissues during hypoxia and infection. Under the influence of the drug, the synthesis of nuclear RNA in the brain is enhanced.

Why do narcologists, neurologists and psychiatrists prescribe Piracetam?

Piracetam is used in neurology, psychiatry and narcology, in neurological therapy used for the following indications:

In psychiatric practice, the drug is used to treat the following diseases:

depression of a neurotic nature with signs of lethargy;
schizophrenia with sluggish-apathetic effect, psycho-organic syndrome, atrophic process;
comprehensive treatment of mental illness;
complex treatment of depression;
epileptic syndrome;
in case of poor tolerance to antipsychotics, in order to avoid complications.

Indications for the use of Piracetam in narcology:

relief of withdrawal symptoms and with alcoholism, drug addiction and in case of acute poisoning with alcoholic beverages, barbiturates, morphine;
chronic alcoholism with constant disturbance mental activity.

In addition, the drug is used in pediatrics to improve the learning process, to eliminate the effects of brain damage during childbirth, mental retardation, and mental retardation.

Who will be harmed and even dangerous?

Piracetam should not be used to treat a patient if he has:

hypersensitivity to the components of the drug;
pregnancy and lactation;
psychomotor agitation;
acute renal failure.

With extreme caution, the drug should be taken if:

violation of hemostasis;
heavy bleeding;
extensive surgery;
chronic renal failure.

Piracitym should not be prescribed to children under one year old. The prescription of the medicine is made by the attending physician according to the indications and in accordance with the patient's condition.

Dosages and course of treatment

The medicine is taken orally, in the form of intramuscular and intravenous injections.

The drug is taken orally before meals.

Doses are prescribed by a doctor, but according to the instructions, Piracetam is taken as follows.

Piracetam dosages for adult patients depending on the condition:

Tablets and capsules chronic diseases - 1200 mg per day, divided into 3 doses, gradually increase the dose to 3200 mg per day, and after improvement, reduce to 400 mg.
Intramuscular injections- first 2-4 g per day, the next day - 4-6 g. The doctor prescribes the dose and course of treatment, based on their individual patient indicators.
Intravenously the drug is administered in the form of a dropper, the daily dose is 4-12 g, the course of treatment is 2-4 weeks.

Children are given only the drug in tablets. For children aged 1 to 5 years - 800 mg per day, from 5 to 16 years - 1200-1600 mg.

Cases of overdose? They are!

An overdose of the drug occurs when different quantities of the administered agent - it is impossible to establish the exact dosage. Can't drink again medicine or inject. With an overdose, there is an increase in side effects:

insomnia;
irritability.

Older patients may experience exacerbation of heart failure. In this case, you need to reduce the dose of the drug. V severe cases gastric lavage is performed and activated carbon.

Side effects are also not uncommon.

Side effects in the case of taking Piracetam can be observed from several body systems.

Nervous system:

In addition, there may be manifestations from the gastrointestinal tract and other body systems:

nausea;
vomit;
diarrhea;
decrease in blood pressure;
fever;
weight gain;
hypersensitivity;
thrombophlebitis;
hives;
dermatitis;

special instructions

During treatment, it is necessary to regularly monitor the functioning of the liver and kidneys. Also, taking the drug can lead to insomnia, so evening medication should be taken no later than 17-18 hours.

Treatment of patients with cortical myoclonus does not allow abrupt withdrawal of Piracetam, attacks may resume.

Interaction with alcohol

Alcohol may increase or decrease the effect of Piracatem. You can take the drug after a 12-hour break after taking alcohol.

If he is appointed to remove hangover syndrome, then before taking it, you need to restore water balance in the body, eliminate headaches with Aspirin or Citramon, remove toxins with activated charcoal, and only then remove the hangover with the remedy in question.

The dosage is chosen by the doctor, based on the weight and age of the patient.

Violation of the liver and kidneys

If the patient has impaired liver function, then it is not necessary to adjust the dosage of the drug. In case of impaired renal function, dosing is carried out depending on the CC indicator.

With chronic renal failure last stage piracetam treatment is contraindicated.

Interaction with other drugs

Simultaneous treatment with hormones thyroid gland leads to anxiety, irritability, tremors, sleep disturbances, confusion.

In the case of use with CNS stimulants, psychostimulant effects may be enhanced. Simultaneous reception with neuroleptics leads to an increase.

Pregnancy, lactation and childhood

Piracetam during pregnancy is prescribed when the threat to the fetus is less than the risk to the mother.

The drug is not prescribed to pregnant women in any of the three trimesters, because it crosses the placenta, accumulates in the baby's brain, which can lead to nervous breakdown baby.

The drug is present in breast milk and is passed with it to the baby, so you must either stop breastfeeding the baby or stop the drug for a while.

For children, the drug is prescribed from one year. It is used to correct the student's progress during the school year at 3.3 grams per day. The use of medicines for children should be carried out only as directed by a doctor.

Theory without practice is blind...

A doctor's review of Piracetam and patient reviews will help to finally clarify the situation with the effectiveness and safety of the drug.

Physician Review

Piracetam is one of the most popular drugs in our country to eliminate problems with the brain. It is distinguished by availability and low cost, harmlessness and non-toxicity, the possibility of taking it for preventive purposes.

The course of treatment should not exceed six months. Piracetam does not help as an independent medicine for some diseases, so it is prescribed in combination with others. If the patient's headaches are due to problems with cervical region spine, then the drug is powerless, it is necessary to eliminate the cause of the disease.

Udalova A.S., neurologist

Piracetam is pharmaceutical agent belonging to a group of medicines used to improve cerebral circulation(nootropics). The origin of the drug is synthetic.

Due to the mechanism of action of the drug, it is often prescribed by doctors for the treatment various diseases in such branches of medicine as psychiatry, narcology and neurology. Also, the drug is used to restore patients after a stroke.

The medicine Piracetam in tablets is very popular among students of higher educational institutions, who acquire it in cases where it is necessary to stimulate mental activity and the ability to remember, because the drug helps to improve concentration.

In what cases is the drug prescribed?

The action of the drug Piraceram is based on the enhancement of the work of the cells of the nervous system for the release of dopamine, an increase in the concentration of norepinephrine, acetylcholine and the activation of cholinergic receptors. It contributes to the activation of glucose metabolism, as well as the normalization of the regenar circulation of those parts of the brain that have suffered after a stroke.

Due to the focus of the drug on the nervous and circulatory system, it is prescribed in order to significantly enhance the metabolic processes in the brain. The drug can be used to improve redox reactions in the body, stimulate the energy capabilities of nerve cells and tissues.

The drug does not contribute to the appearance of a sedative, hypnotic, slowing effect, after taking it, you can drive a car or do work that requires concentration. Able to enhance the conductivity of nerve cells. Piracetam can be used after strokes intravenously or intramuscularly as an injection of the drug.

This nooprop is prescribed to improve the state of consciousness, speech and memory, due to the cerebral focus of action. For the most correct work of the drug, it is most correct to use it before meals.

The drug is indicated for use in the treatment a large number diseases, it can also be taken to improve the general condition of the nervous system. Depending on the indications, dose, desired effects and other factors, the combination of which allows the drug to be used for a long time, tablets, capsules and intravenous injections are prescribed in the following cases:

Contraindications

The drug has several contraindications, which include:

Features of admission and side effects

The drug can be used in the treatment of various diseases, depending on the nature of the pathology, the duration of treatment and the method of administration. active ingredient. The answer to the question "How to take Piracetam?" will depend on the severity of the patient's condition and the decision of the attending physician.

Both pills and injections are used to improve memory and concentration, depending on whether correction of the usual brain activity v better side or you need intensive recovery after an injury or stroke.

Side effects

Piracetam can cause the following side effects:

The manifestation of side effects depends on the correct administration of the drug and compliance with the dosing regimen. You need to take the medicine as directed by your doctor.

Features of use in stroke therapy

Piracetam occupies a leading position in the treatment of stroke. He does not provide toxic action in combination with others medicines, restoring the activity of the brain area damaged by a stroke, accelerates regeneration, thereby contributing to the restoration of basic neurological functions (memory, attention, speech, etc.).

The drug is used to treat acute period ischemic stroke and after an attack.

The cost of the drug

Piracetam is a drug with a low cost, despite its effectiveness and wide spectrum of action. It can be purchased by a patient with any income in pharmacies in Moscow and St. Petersburg.

The cost of the drug in various forms for receiving:

Piracetam tablets 200 mg 60 pcs. - 40 r.
Piracetam injection solution 20% 5 ml 10 pcs. - 55 p.
Piracetam tablets 400 mg 60 pcs. - 60-70 rubles.
Piracetam tablets 800 mg 30 pcs. — 80 r.
Piracetam 400 mg 60 caps. - 150 r.

Prices for a drug will depend on the brand of the pharmacy and the manufacturer of the goods, the country of the manufacturer and the mark-up of the pharmacy organization.

At various violations cerebral circulation, memory loss and other work problems are often prescribed "Piracetam". This drug belongs to the group of nootropics. They are used in medicine to protect the brain from various damaging factors. Many drugs belong to this group, but "Piracetam" is used most often, since it inexpensive remedy Russian production. It is available in tablets, capsules and injections. In complex and emergency cases most often used injections "Piracetam".

Nootropic drugs

The drug "Piracetam" was created in the 60s of the 20th century. At first, it was used to increase the resistance of the brain to hypoxia or intoxication, to treat the consequences of injuries. Soon, scientists found that the drug improves memory, helps to assimilate educational material, increases mental performance. Then other drugs with a similar effect were synthesized. They were called nootropics because they acted on higher cortical functions.

These drugs have many useful properties, which are explained by their ability to activate the processes of transmission of nerve impulses, as well as regulate the synthesis of proteins and polysaccharides. Nootropics have a sedative, psychostimulant, antidepressant and nootropic effect. They improve thinking, increase clarity of thought and normalize the blood supply to the brain. These drugs are actively used in pediatric and neurological practice. And "Piracetam" is the most common drug. Although after it there were many more drugs with a similar effect.

Features of the drug "Piracetam"

This medicine is available in the form of tablets with a dosage of 200, 400 and 800 mg, as well as a 20% solution for injection. Each ampoule contains 5 ml of medicine. The main active ingredient is a derivative of gamma-aminobutyric acid.

Depending on the severity of the disease and individual characteristics, the doctor calculates the dosage and number of Piracetam injections. The drug is used to improve brain function and increase the body's resistance to various damaging factors. The main active substance accumulates in the brain tissues, nerve cells and cerebrospinal fluid. It is excreted from the body in 5-9 hours, mainly by the kidneys. Does not participate in general metabolism and does not bind to blood proteins.

What effect does the drug have

Piracetam injections are used for a wide variety of health disorders. This drug belongs to the group of nootropics. It affects the brain by improving blood circulation and metabolic processes in nerve cells. This drug is used quite often, and some doctors prefer to prescribe Piracetam injections intramuscularly, as they are more effective than tablets. They have the following effect on the body:

stimulate mental activity;
improve memory, attention;
restore lost speech functions;
accelerate the breakdown of glucose;
improve the supply of oxygen to the brain;
increase the resistance of brain cells under various negative impacts, for example, after injury or intoxication;
have a positive effect on the blood;
prevents the formation of blood clots;
improve communication between the hemispheres of the brain, as well as nerve conduction;
restore metabolic processes in nerve tissues.

Why are Piracetam injections prescribed?

This drug is prescribed by different doctors, but most often it is used in neurology, psychiatry, narcology and pediatrics. Assign it at any age, but only on the testimony of a doctor. Piracetam injections can help older people improve memory and general state, at chronic alcoholism stops helps to recover from a stroke. The drug is used in the complex treatment of depression, atherosclerosis, anemia, Alzheimer's disease. It is effective in improving memory and mental activity, so it is often used by students before a session.

But the instructions for use for Piracetam injections recommend using them only as directed by a doctor. Most often this is done in such cases:

after a stroke or traumatic brain injury;
in violation of the blood supply to the brain;
at frequent dizziness, gait disturbance;
with a decrease in memory and attention;
with mood swings, depression;
with a decrease cognitive activity, loss of skills in the elderly;
with osteochondrosis;
at bad memory, reduced digestibility educational material;
with frequent headaches, high blood pressure;
in case of sleep disturbance and decreased performance;
with apathy, depression, tearfulness;
with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's;
with a lag in mental and mental development in children, with cerebral palsy and dyslexia, after birth injuries;
in case of poisoning with alcohol or narcotic drugs, withdrawal syndrome.

Contraindications to the use of the drug

Do not prescribe Piracetam injections to patients with kidney failure and with hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. Such treatment is recommended only at the age of over 1 year, older people need medical supervision and monitoring of the kidneys. Injections are also not prescribed for severe psychomotor agitation, Huntington's chorea, and also for hemorrhagic stroke. The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation, but if the benefit of its administration outweighs the risk to the child, the doctor may decide to use it. But breast-feeding it is necessary to stop during treatment. According to the instructions, Piracetam injections are recommended to be done with caution in violation of blood clotting, with surgical interventions and heavy bleeding, since the drug improves the rheological properties of the blood, which can lead to increased bleeding.

Possible side effects

As stated in the instructions, Piracetam injections are usually well tolerated, but sometimes there are negative ones. side effects. They mainly appear in old age, as well as when the dosage is exceeded or the doctor's recommendations are not followed. Most often this allergic reactions arising from intolerance to the main active substance. It could be pruritus, rash, sometimes swelling or dermatitis develops.

In addition, side effects from the nervous system often also develop. Possible appearance psychomotor agitation, irritability, motor disinhibition, imbalance. Insomnia and anxiety may develop. Sometimes the ability to concentrate is reduced, depression, convulsions appear, headache. Other side effects are much less common. This may be a worsening of the course of heart disease, an increase in sexual activity, a change in body weight, a decrease blood pressure. Patients with epilepsy may experience an increase in seizures.

Basically, side effects appear with an overdose of the drug. Usually, after its cancellation, they quickly pass. If the overdose is severe, it is necessary plentiful drink sometimes hemodialysis is prescribed. There is no specific antidote for the drug. In addition, local reactions at the injection site are possible. This is pain, the development of thrombophlebitis.

Piracetam is a synthetic nootropic agent widely used in neurological and psychiatric practice.

In my own way chemical composition is a derivative of pyrrolidone and belongs to the "racetams" family. In Russia, the drug is widely used in psychiatric, narcological and neurological practice. Piracetam has a positive effect on cerebral circulation, improves metabolic processes in the brain.

Its use has a beneficial effect on learning ability by improving concentration and memory. In addition, the drug protects and restores brain functions affected by hypoxia (oxygen starvation) and intoxication.

Clinical and pharmacological group

Nootropic agent.

Terms of dispensing from pharmacies

Released by prescription.

Prices

How much does Piracetam cost in pharmacies? average price is at the level of 40 rubles.

Release form and composition

Pharmaceutical factories in the post-Soviet space produce this remedy in three dosage forms: in injection solution in ampoules of 5 milliliters No. 5, No. 10 or No. 20; in capsules No. 10-No. 120; in tablets No. 10-No. 600.

Piracetam includes as an active ingredient a nootropic substance with the same name as piracetam (INN - Piracetam) in different mass fractions depending on the dosage form of the drug: 1 milliliter of injection solution - 200 mg, 1 capsule - 200 mg or 400 mg, 1 tablet - 200 mg, 400 mg, 800 mg or 1200 mg.

The additional composition of the ingredients may vary slightly depending on the manufacturer of the drug, which should also be taken into account by the attending physician prescribing a particular drug.

Pharmacological effect

Is an nootropic. Favorably affects the metabolic processes of the brain: enhances the utilization of glucose, stimulates glycolytic processes, enhances the synthesis of phospholipids and RNA, increases the concentration of ATP in the brain tissue.

Helps to improve the integrative activity of the brain, memory consolidation, and facilitates the learning process. Improves cerebral blood flow and connections between the hemispheres of the brain, increases mental performance. It has a protective effect in case of brain damage caused by electric shock, intoxication, hypoxia; enhances beta and alpha activity, reduces the severity of vestibular nystagmus, reduces delta activity on the EEG.

The effect of the drug develops gradually. Psychostimulating and sedative effect the active ingredient of the drug practically does not possess.

What is Piracetam used for and when is the drug prescribed?

Piracetam has a wide range of applications, this medication is prescribed for the treatment of disorders in neurology, pediatrics, psychiatry and narcology. Let us consider in more detail why Piracetam is prescribed for various pathologies.

In pediatrics apply under the following conditions:

Difficulties in the learning process;
Dyslexia (impaired ability to read and write) in combination with other methods;
Perinatal brain damage;
mental retardation;
cerebral palsy (infantile cerebral palsy);
Oligophrenia;
As part of the combined treatment of sickle cell anemia.

In psychiatry used for various pathological conditions psyche:

depression various genesis with a predominance of hypochondriacal and asthenic disorders, accompanied by phenomena of lethargy;
Apathetic states in schizophrenia;
Prevention of mental, autonomic and neurological complications associated with poor tolerance psychotropic drugs and neuroleptics;
Complex therapy mental disorders and depressive states.

In narcology used when there are such indications:

Chronic alcoholism with persistent mental disorders (intellectual-mnestic disorders, asthenia);
Relief of pre- and delirious, withdrawal states in alcoholism and drug addiction, as well as in case of acute poisoning with morphine, phenamine, barbiturates and alcohol.

In neurological practice used in the following conditions:

Acute and chronic circulatory disorders in the brain;
Therapy of patients with Alzheimer's disease;
Coma states resulting from intoxication or brain injury;
Disorders in the work of the nervous system, accompanied by a disorder emotional sphere and decrease in intellectual abilities;
Cerebral diseases of a vascular nature (, atherosclerotic changes), which are complicated by the phenomena of chronic vascular insufficiency (memory impairment, distracted attention, speech difficulties, dizziness, impaired coordination of movements, migraines).

Piracetam is used in complex treatment with Parkinson's disease, severe depression, schizophrenia, neurosis and other mental disorders. The drug has proven its effectiveness in the treatment of alcohol and drug poisoning, it is used to stop attacks of delirium tremens and to restore brain activity in people suffering from chronic alcoholism.

Contraindications

According to the instructions, Piracetam is contraindicated for:

Psychomotor agitation;
Chronic renal failure (CC less than 20 ml / min);
Hypersensitivity to one of the components of the drug;
hemorrhagic stroke;
Pregnancy and lactation;
Chorea of Huntington.

In addition, according to indications, Piracetam should be used with caution in cases of:

Chronic renal failure (CC 20-80 ml / min);
Violations of hemostasis;
heavy bleeding;
Major surgical interventions.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

Adequate and strictly controlled studies of the safety of the use of piracetam during pregnancy have not been conducted. Use is possible only in cases where the intended benefit to the mother outweighs possible risk for the fetus.

Piracetam appears to penetrate into breast milk. If necessary, use during lactation should decide on the termination of breastfeeding.

V experimental studies in animals, no negative effects of piracetam on the fetus have been identified.

Dosage and method of application

The instructions for use indicate that Piracetam tablets and capsules are prescribed orally.

At the beginning of treatment, 800 mg is prescribed in 3 divided doses before meals, with improvement in the condition. single dose gradually reduce to 400 mg. Daily dose - 30-160 mg / kg of body weight, frequency of administration - 2 times a day, if necessary - 3-4 times a day. The course of treatment lasts from 2-3 weeks to 2-6 months. If necessary, the course of treatment is repeated.

At long-term therapy psychoorganic syndrome in the elderly, the drug is prescribed at 1.2-2.4 g per day; loading dose during the first weeks of therapy - up to 4.8 g per day. Treatment with piracetam, if necessary, can be combined with the use of psychotropic, cardiovascular and other drugs.
In the treatment of the consequences of coma, in the post-traumatic period, the initial dose is 9-12 g per day, the maintenance dose is 2.4 g, the course of treatment is 3 weeks.
This dosage form recommended for children from 5 years old - 1 caps. 3 times a day. The maximum daily dose is 1.8 g. The course of treatment is from 2 weeks to 2-6 months.
With alcoholism - 12 g per day during the manifestation of alcohol withdrawal syndrome; maintenance dose - 2.4 g.
With sickle cell anemia, the daily dose is 160 mg / kg of body weight, divided into 4 equal portions.

Attention: take the last single dose no later than 17.00 to prevent sleep disturbances.

injections

Perform intravenous stream or drip, intramuscularly. daily dose divided into 2-4 doses. Symptomatic treatment psychoorganic syndrome: 4.8 g per day for the first week, then switch to a maintenance dose of 1.2-2.4 g per day.

Treatment of cortical myoclonus: start with a dose of 7.2 g per day, every 3-4 days the dose is increased by 4.8 g per day until maximum dose 24 g per day. Treatment is continued throughout the entire period of the disease. Every 6 months, you should try to reduce the dose or stop the drug, gradually reducing the dose by 1.2 g per day every 2 days. With a slight therapeutic effect or its absence, treatment is stopped.

Treatment of dizziness and related imbalances: 2.4-4.8 g per day.

With sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis (in adults and children): intravenously at 300 mg / kg per day, divided into 4 equal doses.

Treatment of dyslexia in children over 8 years of age (in combination with other methods of treatment) - 3.2 g, divided into 2 equal doses.

Side effects

Sense organs: vertigo;
Local reactions: thrombophlebitis, pain at the injection site;
Digestive system: vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea;
Metabolism: weight gain;
Skin: itching, rashes, dermatitis;
Allergic reactions: angioedema, hypersensitivity, anaphylactic reactions;
Central nervous system: insomnia, imbalance, anxiety, irritability, depression, motor disinhibition, headache, drowsiness, ataxia, asthenia, hallucinations, mental agitation, exacerbation of epilepsy, confusion;
Other reactions: decrease in blood pressure, fever, increased sexual activity.

In children, especially with mental retardation, when taking Piracetam, the following side effects are possible: restlessness, fussiness, imbalance, increased conflict, anxiety, decreased ability to concentrate, motor disinhibition, irritability.

Overdose

Cases of overdose were observed rarely, since a sufficiently large amount of the drug is allowed to be taken per day. With a significant excess of the permitted dose, the following reactions are possible:

Insomnia.
Tremor.
Increased severity of side effects.
Exacerbation of heart failure.

There is no specific antidote for Piracetam. Patients are advised to drink plenty of fluids in order to excrete the excess drug in the urine more quickly. In severe cases, hemodialysis is performed, but its effectiveness is only 50%, since the drug is able to penetrate filter membranes.

special instructions

Use with caution in patients with severe hemostasis disorders, with major surgical operations and severe bleeding; with kidney failure.

drug interaction

Before you start using the drug, read the special instructions:

With the simultaneous use of CNS stimulants, it is possible to increase the psychostimulating effect.
With simultaneous use with neuroleptics, there is an increase in extrapyramidal disorders.
A case of interaction of piracetam with simultaneous use with an extract of the thyroid gland containing triiodothyronine and tetraiodothyronine is described, when the patient had anxiety, irritability and sleep disorders.
With simultaneous use with thyroid hormone preparations, the development of central effects is possible - tremor, anxiety, irritability, sleep disturbances, confusion.

Nootropics.

Composition of Piracetam

The active substance is piracetam.

Manufacturers

Ozon OOO (Russia)

pharmachologic effect

Pharmacological action - nootropic.

Activates associative processes brain, improves memory, mood and mentality in healthy and sick people.

It increases the integrative activity of the brain and intellectual activity, stimulates learning processes, restores and stabilizes impaired brain functions.

Increases the resistance of brain tissue to hypoxia and toxic effects, enhances the synthesis of nuclear RNA in the brain.

Improves microcirculation (without vasodilation), blocks platelet aggregation, optimizes the conformational properties of the erythrocyte membrane and the ability of erythrocytes to pass through microvessels.

In patients with dementia due to repeated disorders of cerebral circulation, it improves the local uptake of oxygen and glucose by brain tissues, and in patients with functional disorders The CNS increases the level of wakefulness.

In connection with the antihypoxic effect, it is effective in the complex therapy of myocardial infarction.

Reduces the severity of vestibular nystagmus.

Rapidly and almost completely absorbed when taken orally.

Bioavailability is 100%.

Does not bind to plasma proteins.

The maximum concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid is created after 2-8 hours.

Penetrates into all organs and tissues, passes the placental barrier.

Selectively accumulates in the cerebral cortex, mainly in the frontal, parietal and occipital lobes, cerebellum and basal ganglia.

Practically not metabolized.

The plasma half-life is 4-5 hours; liquor - 6-8 hours

Excreted by the kidneys.

In patients with renal insufficiency, the elimination half-life is prolonged.

Side effects of Piracetam

Dizziness, tremor, nervousness, agitation incl. sexual, irritability, anxiety, sleep disturbance, weakness, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, increased seizures coronary insufficiency.

Indications for use

Psychoorganic disorders of vascular, traumatic and toxic origin (coma, acute phase traumatic lesions brain, etc.), psychoorganic syndromes with a predominance of asthenia, decreased attention and mental abilities ( cerebral atherosclerosis, intoxication, alcoholism, etc.), alcohol withdrawal and relief of alcoholic delirium, acute poisoning morphine and barbiturates, psychosis and astheno depressive states (complex therapy), sluggish defective states in schizophrenia, depressive states resistant to antidepressants; in gerontology:

memory impairment, dizziness, changes in personality traits, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerotic dyscirculatory encephalopathy, post-stroke mental and physical defects;
in pediatrics - prevention and treatment of asphyxia in newborns, birth trauma and its consequences, the period of convalescence after meningitis, encephalitis, traumatic brain injury, delay mental development, learning difficulties, memory disorders and intellectual deficiency;
correction of side effects and complications of therapy with psychotropic drugs (asthenia, adynamia, neuroleptic crises with hyperkinesis), cortical myoclonus, sickle cell anemia (complex therapy), viral neuroinfections (to reduce the effects of hypoxia and brain ischemia).

Contraindications Piracetam

Hypersensitivity, including to pyrrolidone derivatives; hemorrhagic stroke, pronounced violations kidney function, pregnancy, breastfeeding, infancy up to 1 year.

Overdose

Symptoms:

more severe symptoms side effect.

Treatment:

symptomatic.

Interaction

Increases the effectiveness of antidepressants.

In the elderly and old age enhances the effect of antianginal drugs, reduces the need for nitroglycerin.

special instructions

Caution is necessary when prescribing to patients with impaired hemostasis, during large surgical operations or patients with symptoms of severe bleeding.

When treating patients with cortical myoclonus, avoid abrupt cessation treatment.

Exacerbation of coronary insufficiency occurs in elderly patients; in these cases, it is necessary to reduce the dose or stop therapy.

Use with caution during work for drivers of vehicles and people whose profession is related to increased concentration attention.

Penetrates through the filtering membranes of hemodialysis machines.