Vegetative vascular dystonia: symptoms and treatment in adults. Vegetative vascular dystonia how to treat

Vegetative-vascular dystonia is a pathology of vegetative nervous system, manifested in insufficient functioning of the vessels and arteries supplying the brain. The disease is complex and insidious, as it has very wide nonspecific symptoms. That's why often the patient does not notice the appearance and development of vegetative-vascular dystonia, citing ordinary fatigue, stress, ailments, colds and many other factors behind which the disease may be hidden for a long time. As a result, the patient comes to see a doctor at an advanced and chronic stage, which is quite difficult to treat and has many negative consequences for almost all human organ systems.

VSD negatively affects the blood vessels of the brain

Finding out the cause of dystonia is the primary task of a neurologist, since further treatment tactics depend on it.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia is the result of excessive overload of the nervous system (the nerve endings and blood vessels of the brain cannot withstand it) and can appear due to:

severe stressful situations, constant emotional overload (problems in school, at work, in communicating with loved ones, in the family, serious illness or death of a loved one, debts, outstanding loans, psychological violence from third parties);
suffered complex infectious diseases
traumatic brain injury;
cervical osteochondrosis;
hormonal imbalance;
bad habits(smoking, drinking alcohol);
physical overexertion (hard work, professional sports);
Not correct mode sleep;
hereditary predisposition.

Symptoms of the disease

Disorder in the functioning of the nervous system leads to an inadequate and aggravated reaction of the body to external stimuli, even the most insignificant from the point of view healthy person. In the case of an acute course of the disease, the patient’s body weakens so much that it can switch off in stressful situations, and the person faints.

Dizziness is very typical for VSD

The symptomatic picture of vegetative-vascular dystonia is very wide. Most often, the manifestations of dystonia alternate with each other, and in a difficult situation they can be constantly present. Most often, patients complain about:

swelling of the eyes and entire face;
regular dizziness;
weakness, drowsiness, fatigue;
nagging pain in the heart and chest, rapid heartbeat, freezing;
headaches, heavy head as if in a fog;
high or low blood pressure;
mood swings, emotional instability, irritability;
weather dependence;
heavy breathing, lack of oxygen, suffocation;
flushes of heat to the face, followed by chills;
discomfort in the abdomen and intestines, problems with stool;
frequent urination;
trembling of hands, lips, eyelids, head;
panic attacks;
allergic reactions;
acute premenstrual syndrome in women.

The above symptoms accompany many throughout their lives; not everyone considers this a reason to see a doctor. But doctors advise you to be more attentive to your health and pay attention to the appearance of such factors. Experts recommend carrying out full diagnostics the body for the presence of cerebral VSD syndrome in the presence of at least several of the above symptoms. Treatment should not be delayed because some Negative consequences dystonia on the body is irreversible and destructive.

Diagnostic measures

Diagnosis of dystonia is very difficult due to wide range symptoms that may indicate many other diseases. The situation is complicated by the lack of precise indicators by which it could be determined without doubt. Therefore, doctors prefer to conduct a multifaceted diagnosis of all important organ systems of the body to identify other pathologies.

urine and blood tests;
electrocardiogram;
functional tests (pharmacological, orthostatic);
magnetic resonance imaging;
radiography;
electroencephalography.

The doctor may require tests

In the absence of other diseases, a diagnosis of vegetative-vascular dystonia is made and the issue of choosing a course of therapy is decided.

How to treat vegetative-vascular dystonia of the brain

A patient with a similar diagnosis may be under constant supervision by a neurologist, psychiatrist, therapist or endocrinologist, depending on the severity of certain symptoms.

An effective course of treatment for vegetative-vascular dystonia must be complex, long-term and individual, taking into account the patient’s personal characteristics, his general health, emotional background and concomitant diseases.

Since VSD is mostly a disease of the nervous system, non-drug treatment is preferable. How to strengthen the blood vessels of the brain in VSD without the use of drugs?

A healthy lifestyle is the key to the health of the whole body. You should give up bad habits, smoking, taking alcoholic drinks, breathe more fresh air, it is advisable to spend weekends and vacations outside the city.

Proper nutrition will help strengthen the body. We limit the intake of salt, liquid, strong coffee and tea, refuse everything fried, fatty, smoked, canned, hot, spicy, flour and sweet, add porridge, seafood, cottage cheese, dairy products, legumes, meat, nuts, fruits to our diet and vegetables.

Maintaining the correct daily routine is a very important component effective treatment VSD of the brain. You need to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day, even on weekends and on vacation. It is not advisable to suddenly get up and get out of bed immediately after waking up; it is better to set the alarm clock 5 minutes earlier and lie down for a while. Before going to bed, stop watching TV, reading books and surfing the web. A warm bath and a pleasant conversation with a loved one will help you relax, unwind and prepare yourself for sleep. You should avoid any conflict situations with family, friends, neighbors, colleagues throughout the day, especially before bed. Positive emotions will help you fall asleep quickly and easily. A constant flow of fresh air in the bedroom will make your sleep soft and restful, and relieve disturbing dreams and nightmares.

Sufficient physical activity keeps the autonomic nervous system in good shape. Let's do morning exercises, hiking, physical therapy. If the work is sedentary, then you need to regularly get up from your chair and walk around the office, develop your muscles, and do light gymnastics. In the evening after work, don’t rush to find yourself on the couch watching TV; taking a walk before bed and getting some fresh air is much healthier.

Morning exercise helps keep the body in good shape.

Water procedures perfectly relieve stress, lift your spirits and strengthen muscles (swimming in the pool, aqua aerobics, baths, cold and hot shower, dousing).

Physiotherapeutic treatment significantly alleviates the patient’s condition and speeds up his path to recovery. For VSD, the following are most often prescribed:

massage;
electrophoresis;
magnetic therapy;
acupuncture;
breathing exercises;

How to train blood vessels with vegetative-vascular dystonia? It is very important to normalize the functioning of the nervous system independent work over oneself, even if consultations with a psychologist have already been carried out. We must remember that all problems are temporary, the dark streak in life will definitely be replaced by a bright one. You should not quarrel with others over trifles, keep anger and resentment within yourself, spoil relationships in your family and team because of your irritability and excessive sensitivity. Human thoughts are material, therefore bad thoughts and the experiences in your head must be eliminated, replaced with positive emotions, joy, and dreams. Don't forget that people themselves attract into their lives what they think about. Self-hypnosis plays a huge role. Scientists and doctors have proven that even the most seriously ill, but optimistic patients can recover much faster than pessimists with the same care and treatment.

Drug treatment

In most cases, the use of the above non-drug methods the fight against vegetative-vascular dystonia is enough for an almost complete cure. But sometimes the disease turns out to be stronger, the person is unable to cope with it on his own, then the following medications are prescribed for the cerebral vessels for VSD:

sedatives, antidepressants and tranquilizers artificially support the nervous system and protect it from emotional overload;
means for maintaining vascular tone, improving cerebral circulation;
drugs for containment blood pressure within normal limits;
Vitamin-mineral and antioxidant complexes have a general strengthening effect on nerves, blood vessels and the body as a whole.

Vitamin-mineral complexes have a general strengthening effect

Prevention methods

Preventive measures against vegetative-vascular dystonia of the brain are aimed at general strengthening of the body, maintaining normal functioning autonomic nervous system, strengthening its ability to self-regulate. For this it is enough:

to refuse from bad habits;
stick to healthy regime sleep and rest;
Healthy food;
avoid physical and nervous exhaustion;
to live an active lifestyle.

With timely detection and adequate treatment dystonia is treatable in 90% of patients. Therefore, doctors recommend that everyone listen to their body, correctly recognize its signals and seek help from specialists in a timely manner.

The treatment of VSD should be treated responsibly, since the consequences of this disease can be very serious. More precisely, vegetative-vascular dystonia is correctly called not a disease, but a symptom complex that occurs when work is disrupted different systems life activity.

The main emphasis is not on medication, but on physiotherapeutic procedures, proper daily routine, good nutrition and sufficient rest. But the use of certain drugs that perform sedative functions is important as an additional therapeutic agent.

However, people are interested in what kind of treatment (treatment) will help them overcome VSD on their own and what medications should be used for this.

VSD should not be underestimated

So the basics are not drug treatment The VSDs are:

Eliminate as much as possible factors that can provoke the disease.
Balance the ratio of rest and work (so that sleep lasts 8 hours and no less).
Physical activity must be adequate - you cannot engage in professional sports, but amateur exercises will be necessary.
Carrying out procedures that harden the body.
A rational and healthy diet, where fortified foods with potassium are preferred. It is advisable to replace animal fats with vegetable fats, and forget about marinades, brines and caffeinated products.
Massage the head, back area, and collar area.
Do not forget about the benefits of aromatherapy, as well as herbal medicine.

When is drug treatment for vegetative-vascular dystonia required? If non-drug therapy does not help and symptoms continue to worsen. The following drugs are usually used:

herbal medicines, as well as herbal infusions infused with alcohol;
tranquilizers prescribed in cases of severe emotional stress, anxiety or phobia;
nootropic agents that activate the cognitive functionality of the brain, stimulate the implementation of energy processes, improve cerebral blood supply;
neuroleptics, that is, antipsychotic drugs that control the functioning of the central nervous system;
cerebroangiocorrectors that improve blood circulation in the brain;
antidepressants.

The doctor must prescribe medications, regimen and dosage - you cannot do this yourself. Often you have to take one course and - after a break - another.

Classification of drugs

Medicines for vegetative-vascular dystonia are usually classified as follows:

drugs that correct the functioning autonomic system;
means that relieve symptoms of the disease (associated with disruption of various body systems).

Sedatives

Among the most popular sedatives it is worth noting:

products containing hawthorn and/or valerian, such as Persen or Novo-passit;
medicines containing bromide, such as Bromcamphor;
preparations containing peony extract and/or Validol;
products containing barbiturates, such as Corvalol or Valocordin.

Validol is also used in the treatment of VSD

Improvement of the cardiovascular system

Of the drugs that improve the functioning of cardiovascular organs, it is worth focusing on:

antihypertensives, such as beta-blockers and sympatholytics;
antiarrhythmics, like Asparkam or Panagin;
drugs that improve blood circulation in the brain, such as Vinpocetine.

Positive effect on the central nervous system

When treating VSD, drugs that have a positive effect on the central nervous system are also taken. In particular, it makes sense to trust:

antipsychotics like Sonopax and Melleril;
tranquilizers like Grandaxin and Seduxen;
sleeping pills, such as Sonnat and Doxylamine;
antidepressants like Amitriptyline and Azafen;
nootropics like Piracetam;
psychostimulants like caffeine.

In addition, the central nervous system can be treated:

adaptogens (ginseng extract is especially good);
diuretics (lingonberry, nettle, juniper);
products containing calcium (gluconate, as well as calcium hydrogen phosphate);
vitamins and antioxidants;
products containing garlic.

The drug Glycine is very useful for those who want to learn how to treat VSD. It is he:

improves memorization;
eliminates excitability;
activates metabolic processes;
relieves astheno-neurotic effects.

Sometimes nootropics are prescribed that have a sedative effect.

Vitamins

Finally, speaking about what drugs to treat dystonia, one cannot help but recall the need for vitamin therapy. Groups A, B and E are especially recommended. General stimulating functions can be performed by kelp, dandelion and nettle.

In the case of tachyarrhythmia, the use of Barboval and Corvaldin helps.

Concerning homeopathic remedies, positive reviews are found about Pumapne and Neurohel. These medications have an excellent sedative, antispasmodic, and vasodilator effect.

If VSD is accompanied high blood pressure and tachycardia, the use of beta-blockers and Reserpine will help.

Barboval helps cope with tachyarrhythmia

In cases where the patient suffers from migraines, weakness, dizziness and neurological disorders, the doctor prescribes vascular drugs, including myotropic antispasmodics.

People suffering from dystonia often experience intracranial hypertension. In this case, diuretics are effective when combined with drugs containing potassium (with the same Panangin). Long-term use of diuretic herbs is recommended.

Improvement of the autonomic system

Antipsychotics, tranquilizers, and, in addition, antidepressants can have a positive effect on the autonomic system. These same drugs successfully cope with panic attacks, which often accompany dystonia.

There is also a lot to be said about the benefits of nootropics that improve blood flow and nervous metabolic processes. When intelligence deteriorates due to illness and memory problems arise, Vinpocetine will help improve microcirculation in the brain.

And neuroleptics have vegetotropic properties, due to which the impact of external stimuli on the body is reduced and they have an antipsychotic effect.

Since the described disease is accompanied by neuroses, taking tranquilizers reduces anxiety, relieves fear, restores proper sleep and helps relieve seizures. Finally, their use helps if cardialgia is diagnosed.

Sleeping pills are taken when sleep is disturbed, but this is only allowed for a short time.

Thanks to antidepressants, it will be possible to relieve asthenia and improve your mood. The functioning of the parasympathetic system is weakened. But increased irritability and excessive temper can be dealt with through a combination of antipsychotics and antidepressants.

As for tablets that help treat vegetative-vascular dystonia, the doctor can prescribe antioxidants, like Mexidol. Taking it will improve memory, enhance mental activity and increase immune mechanisms. The patient's body becomes less susceptible to harmful agents. In addition, this drug has very low toxicity rates.

Injections for treatment

The list of medications for VSD, as a rule, does not include injections. Of course, it will not be possible to cure the disease completely immediately, but certain positive effects on the path to recovery is realistic to achieve.

Medicines that require injections have high rates of effectiveness and excellent performance. Accordingly, the components are more likely to end up in the blood, after which the desired effect is produced.

The doctor may prescribe Actovegin injections

In particular, it is possible to prescribe Actovegin, especially when it is necessary to strengthen blood vessels, normalize metabolism and saturate tissues with oxygen (since the drug is rich fatty acids and minerals). It is important that the patient has no contraindications to the use of this remedy, such as pulmonary edema, heart failure and individual intolerance. The product is not addictive.

Treatment of polymorphic disorders

What pills will help get rid of polymorphic disorders of the autonomic system? For this purpose, tranquilizers that have a sedative effect are taken. Good feedback, in particular, there is information about Phenazepam and Relanium. Antidepressants work no less effectively - for example, Azafen or Amitriptyline.

Finally, do not forget about the drugs that stimulate the reticular formation in the brain stem - the same Diphenin and Finlepsin.

Improved metabolism

Is it possible to cure VSD times and forever? In principle, this is possible if you start the therapeutic course prescribed qualified doctor, promptly and strictly follow medical recommendations.

Patients with pronounced sympatho-adrenal reactions are prescribed small dosages of beta-blockers. For example, the use of Inderal and Visken normalizes autonomic tone, improves sleep and reduces excitability.

Nootropics are needed to activate metabolic processes. Products made from vinca alkaloids have a vasodilating effect and a sedative effect.

The doctor prescribes vasoactive tablets such as Papaverine, Trental and Nihexin as angioprotectors and antispasmodics. Thanks to their use, circulation is significantly improved.

Riboxin: what is it useful for?

There are a lot of them on the Internet positive feedback about the use of Riboxin for VSD. What exactly does it improve? First of all, metabolic processes, which is important, since metabolism with the described symptom complex seriously deteriorates.

There are many positive reviews about Riboxin in the treatment of VSD

Patients confirm that the drug eliminates vascular spasms, relieves attacks of arrhythmia and strengthens the body.

In cases where the patient does not have enough air, he should take this medicine (according to the instructions) and soon he will feel relief.

Is there a better remedy?

Just one the best remedy It is difficult to name from VSD, since everything depends on the individual characteristics of the patient and the specific symptoms that torment him. In addition, how to treat and what medications to take is decided by a qualified psychiatrist, cardiologist and/or therapist. In order to treat the described disease, it is sometimes necessary to visit a number of doctors.

Respiratory syndrome is treated with Valocardin, Validol, or a tincture made from valerian. If cardiac syndrome becomes severe (that is, accompanied by tachycardia and severe pain), again beta blockers and calcium antagonists will help.

No less effective is a glucose-insulin-potassium solution, which is infused through a dropper daily. The approximate course of treatment is a week. Can be combined with other medications.

Don't trust advertising!

If on the Internet or on TV some advertising beautifully talks about tablets for VSD, this does not mean that you need to run as soon as possible to the pharmacy and purchase this new remedy for the disease.

Firstly, you should not drink anything without prior permission from your doctor.
Secondly, a new medicine means it has not yet been tested. Accordingly, it is impossible to say how it acts in the long term on the body, or whether it has any side effects.

Whatever medicine you would like to purchase and start taking under the influence of advertising - Anthonycin, Riboxin or Panangin - do not do this until your doctor prescribes it.

This is a curable disease!

remember, that VSD is curable - it can and should be fought to not just get rid of symptoms, but to cope with the disease forever. Remedies from of this disease There are also the doctor who diagnosed you and will prescribe them based on symptoms, the form of dystonia and individual characteristics.

Healthy lifestyle - best prevention VSD

Along with the use of medications, we must not forget about the importance of a proper daily routine, healthy eating and regular exercise.

Vegetovascular dystonia (VSD, neurocirculatory dysfunction) is a disorder of the nervous system, which is characterized by general disorder well-being and condition of the patient. Dystonia manifests itself as disturbances in the functioning of many organs and systems of the body. In most cases VSD is found in children and adolescence(5-15 years), more about this in our separate.

Patients often present many different complaints. But when comprehensive examination the patient does not detect any changes in the organs, since symptoms arise from deviations in the structure and functions of the autonomic nervous system.

Symptoms

Persons suffering from VSD may complain of pain, interruptions in heart function, decreased or increased blood pressure, as well as headaches and dizziness.

The symptoms that arise depend on the type of autonomic disorder: sympathicotonia or vagotonia.

The patient is characterized by increased fatigue, weakness, lethargy, sleep disturbance such as insomnia or drowsiness, depressed mood. The patient also shows signs of dysfunction various organs and systems. Nervous system disorders include frequent fainting and fever up to 37.5 C and higher. Disturbances in the digestive tract are represented by abdominal pain and intestinal dysfunction. On the part of the cardiovascular system, disorders are manifested by pain in the heart area, or the appearance of a heart murmur. In case of violations in respiratory system Difficulty in breathing appears, especially with minor exertion. Signs of disorders in the urinary system are: there is often a tendency to increase the number of urinations at night.

Signs of dystonia can be detected at any age, but more often the disease is observed in girls 7–8 years old.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia can occur latently, have a constant course, or be in the form of attacks (vegetative crises).

Crises often occur with increased emotional stress, mental and physical overstrain, for various infectious diseases. They can be long-term or short-term (from several minutes to several hours).

Diagnostics

It is impossible to diagnose the patient himself at home.

In order to make a diagnosis, the clinic begins an examination of the organs whose disorders are bothering the patient. It is advisable to begin the examination with decoding clinical tests blood and urine. Then, various tests are carried out to detect disorders of the autonomic nervous system, electrocardiography and echocardiography are performed to detect heart lesions, various breathing tests can be performed to detect disorders in the respiratory system, to detect disorders in digestive tract You can perform an ultrasound of the organs abdominal cavity. Also, to assess the function of the central nervous system, it is advisable to conduct electroencephalography and echoencephalography.

Also, a special role in making a diagnosis of vegetative-vascular dystonia is given to hereditary burden of this disease. At the same time, neurodermatitis is often found in families of vagotonic children, and in children with sympathicotonia - hypertension, .

For vegetative-vascular dystonia, consultations with many specialists are necessary, such as a neurologist, ophthalmologist, endocrinologist, ENT doctor, and sometimes a psychiatrist.

Almost everyone who has vegetative-vascular dystonia is weather dependent: their general condition often worsens when the weather changes. The disease is often accompanied by feelings of fear, panic, and fear of death.

The main factor in the development of the disease is genetic predisposition, but if it is, then the development of the disease can be avoided. For example, patients with vegetative-vascular dystonia having increased level blood pressure, you need to limit your intake of salt, fried and fatty foods, and flour products. Patients with low blood pressure you need to limit the consumption of foods with sodium and potassium. It is also necessary to fight, maintain a sleep-wake schedule, and avoid overwork and stress.

Treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia

Persons with VSD should lead an active lifestyle, avoid stress, and get as much positive emotions.

Treatment of the disease should be comprehensive, including the use of medications, as well as adherence to a rational work and rest regime, moderate physical activity, and a positive emotional attitude.

Preference in treating the disease is given to non-drug methods of treatment. Have a positive effect massotherapy, acupuncture, water treatments, physiotherapeutic methods.

You can try to reduce the manifestations of the disease with the help of medicinal herbs, such as ginseng root, eleutherococcus, leuzea, zamanika, aralia, motherwort, hawthorn, valerian.

If non-drug methods are ineffective, prescribe pharmaceuticals. These drugs are selected individually for each patient, starting with minimal doses and gradually increasing to the desired concentration. Particular attention is paid to getting rid of chronic foci of infection in the body, treating endocrine and other pathologies.

Various sedatives and antidepressants are widely used for treatment; drugs that help restore normal blood supply to the brain; It is necessary to take various vitamin and mineral complexes.

It is necessary to carry out constant monitoring of patients with vegetative-vascular dystonia, it is necessary to examine them in the clinic once every 3-6 months and more often, depending on the form and severity of the disease, and most carefully - in spring and autumn, and prescribe a set of therapeutic measures at this time.

With timely identification and treatment of patients, as well as compliance with all preventive recommendations, the prognosis is favorable. With the progressive course of the disease, it is possible to develop pathologies of various organs and systems that adversely affect the patient’s quality of life, as well as leading to his social maladjustment.

Which doctor should I contact?

Patients with vegetative-vascular dystonia are usually treated by a neurologist. Additionally, consultations with a cardiologist, gastroenterologist, and endocrinologist are prescribed. The treatment involves a physiotherapist, a specialist in physical therapy and massage, reflexologist.

A functional disorder in the functioning of the nervous (autonomic) system is called vegetative-vascular dystonia. Let us add that in in good condition The autonomic nervous system takes an active part in stabilizing blood pressure, heart contraction, bronchial width, heat transfer, pupil width, digestive system, genitourinary system and more. It must be said that dystonia is by no means an independent disease, it is a syndrome, that is, a consequence of some kind of disorder, elementary overwork, or a disease that requires treatment. The only way to treat dystonia is to find and eliminate its cause.

Manifestations of dystonia (VSD) can be both permanent and crisis in nature (panic attacks, fainting and other paroxysmal conditions). There are three types of VSD. The first type is called (cardiac), the second is hypertensive, and the third is hypotensive. With the normotensive type, the patient's dystonia manifests itself through heart pain, tachycardia, arrhythmia and other disruptions in the functioning of the myocardium. During the hypertensive type, blood pressure increases. At the same time, the increase in pressure is absolutely independent of the patient’s physical activity. In the hypotensive type, blood pressure decreases. The patient complains of lethargy, lack of mood, constant fatigue and falling into unconsciousness. In addition to the above, there are three more types of VSD, which are distinguished by the activity of parts of the brain. These are sympathicotonic, parasympathicotonic and mixed types.

A person who suffers from dystonia can be seen from afar. Basically, such a person reacts too violently to the behavior of others towards him, and he also exhibits increased control over his own behavior. Patients with dystonia, and, it must be said, there are quite a few of them nowadays, are constrained in their movements, tense, and may experience vascular network on the face (rosacea). Most often, dystonia originates from early childhood, right up to the womb (if the child experienced oxygen starvation). According to various statistics, up to 30% of children have this disease.

In order not to think in the future about how to treat vascular dystonia, you should take into account the fact that VSD refers to a number of psychosomatic disorders, and in 97% of cases, such disorders develop precisely in the period from conception to the age of six. Well, if VSD has already manifested itself, then it needs to be treated. We will talk about how to treat vegotovascular dystonia below.

Visit to the doctor

It is best to start treatment with a visit to a neurologist (dystonia is within his competence). Of course, the doctor will first examine you, listen to your complaints, find out your age and, if necessary, prescribe additional research(electrocardiogram, blood pressure control, blood test for sugar and general blood sugar, ultrasound of the thyroid gland, fundus examination). Based on the results of the study, the neurologist can send you to related specialists (depending on what pathologies are discovered).

If the results of the study show the absence of diseases, the neurologist will tell you how to treat dystonia and prescribe a number of medications. Among the main procedures are adherence to the daily routine, limitation of super-emotional and psychological stress, adequate sleep and rest. Swimming and massage may also be prescribed.

As a rule, sedatives are prescribed for drug treatment, mainly plant origin(persen, phytosed, novopassit, valerian forte, motherwort, etc.) and adaptogens (mebicar, adaptol). To normalize your sleep, you should take a course of medications (10 days) that normalize sleep (Imovan, Ivadal). They may also prescribe vascular drugs, as well as antispasmodics (no-spa, spasmalgon and bellaspon). If the patient exhibits tachycardia and panic attacks, the neurologist may prescribe b-blockers (for example, anaprilin).

Traditional methods of treating dystonia

Except traditional methods treatments, I bring to your attention also folk ones, namely latest methods will help cleanse and strengthen your blood vessels, as well as increase their elasticity.

Heart tincture

Buy 100 ml of tinctures of peony, valerian, hawthorn and motherwort at the pharmacy, add 50 ml of eucalyptus tincture, as well as 25 ml of mint tincture. Mix everything in a bottle (0.5 l) and add 10 clove buds (from spices). Place the bottle in a dark place for 14 days, shake periodically every day. The medicine should be taken 3 times a day, 20 minutes before meals (20-25 drops for sugar). The course of treatment is one month. After a month's break, you can repeat the treatment. This infusion reduces intracranial pressure, normalizes arterial blood, has antispasmodic and anticonvulsant effects, also helps with varicose veins and improves cerebral circulation.

Health from Tibet

This recipe is useful for everyone without exception, even healthy ones, but especially those who suffer from body fat, has sclerotic plaques in the arteries, suffers from heart pain, hypertension and insufficient blood supply to the brain.

Take 100g. each of the herbs: St. John's wort, chamomile, immortelle, birch buds. Mix everything thoroughly. In the evening, take 1 tbsp. mixture and pour 0.5 liters of boiling water, leave in a thermos for 3-4 hours, then strain through a cloth and squeeze. Drink 1 glass with 1 teaspoon of honey before bed, and leave the rest until the morning. In the morning, warm it up a little, drink the rest, also with honey, 30 minutes before meals. Do this daily until the mixture runs out. This course can be repeated only after 5 years.

Food for dystonia

Also, for vegetative-vascular dystonia, it is recommended to eat bananas and nuts daily. Remember - without proper treatment it is almost impossible to get rid of vegetative-vascular dystonia. So, think seriously about how to eliminate stress from life and how to learn to control various kinds of traumatic situations. And one more detail: before drinking any medications and herbal infusions, just try to consult a psychotherapist. Only this doctor will prescribe truly effective methods for you (rational psychotherapy, autogenic training, hypnosis) and will teach you how to treat vegetative-vascular dystonia by simply getting rid of stressful situations.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia (VSD), or neurocirculatory dystonia (NCD) is a complex polyetiological disorder that develops with dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system, which regulates the activity of internal organs and blood vessels. This disease can also be found under the names “cardioneurosis”, “vegetoneurosis”, which show the relationship between the symptoms of VSD and the state of the autonomic nervous system.

Although most doctors do not recognize the existence of such a diagnosis and do not consider it to be VSD disease, in the ICH you can find the heading F45.3, which combines all of the above diagnoses. However, for patients, vegetative-vascular dystonia becomes a real test, since the disease has many variants of its course and painful symptoms, significantly worsens the quality of life. But its duration is not affected, it has a favorable prognosis and a benign course.

What it is?

In simple words VSD is a syndrome that appears due to nerves. In general, most problems appear precisely because of stress and anxiety, but vegetative-vascular dystonia is always the first in line.

Attacks of VSD are caused by disturbances in the functioning of the cardiovascular system, which, in turn, appear against the background of functional disorders of the nervous or endocrine system. That is, the root cause is almost always nervous shock. Which, as we know, rarely go away without leaving a trace and very often can lead specifically to neurocirculatory dystonia, which is the other name for the disease.

Causes of VSD

Among the main causes of vegetative-vascular dystonia syndrome, doctors name factors of hereditary predisposition. Against the backdrop of unfavorable external factors These reasons can have a significant impact on the state of the human autonomic nervous system. The leading component of the manifestations and intensification of the syndrome is the brain, namely the hypothalamus, which is responsible for controlling the human endocrine system. Psychoneurological disorders lead to excessive activity some processes and inhibition of others, which has a complex effect on various body systems, including the cardiovascular system.

Most often, vegetative-vascular dystonia in children is detected as a consequence of heredity. Increased nervousness and stress already in the first months of pregnancy can have a significant impact not only on the formation of the child’s personality, but also on higher education. nervous activity brain. Facts show that emotional instability child's body provokes the development of VSD even in childhood.
The teenage years are transitional not only in the process of transformation of a child into an adult, but also in a neurophysiological one. Conflict situations, emotional stress, chronic diseases, endocrine disorders, lack of movement and other factors are largely provocateurs for the development of vegetative-vascular dystonia in adolescents. Increased mental stress, having a hereditary component, leads to a certain imbalance in the body, which leads to the appearance and development of vegetative-vascular dystonia.
In adulthood, hormonal changes in the body play a special role in triggering the mechanisms of VSD. This is why the female half of the world’s population suffers from VSD much more often than the male half. Prenatal period, pregnancy, menopause, all this, being turning points in a woman’s life, can become the starting point for mobilizing the manifestation of symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia. Vegetative-vascular dystonia is especially unfavorable during pregnancy, when even minor deviations in a woman’s health necessarily affect the condition of the fetus.

The same is true for the presence excess weight, which can become a provocateur of manifestations of dystonia. An increase in body weight leads to the development of hypertension, which in turn is an additional burden on the cardiovascular system. The development of vegetative-vascular dystonia in this case affects people of completely different ages.

Types of disease

As a result of vegetative vascular dystonia, the brain and heart, kidneys, and limbs suffer. Therefore the syndrome vegetative dystonia like a chameleon: different people it manifests itself in such different symptoms that it is difficult to suspect their common cause. There are three types of pathology: hypertensive, hypotonic and mixed.

If, regardless of the “internal need,” the sympathetic nervous system predominates during the day, we speak of hypertensive type vegetative-vascular dystonia. The person complains of attacks of palpitations and/or panic, anxiety, gets tired quickly, but has difficulty falling asleep in the evening. Blood pressure is elevated or unstable.
When the parasympathetic nervous system predominates throughout the day, a person feels weakness, drowsiness, fatigue, and occasionally dizziness and fainting; we are talking about the hypotonic type of VSD. The pressure is reduced.
When sympathetic and parasympathetic system“they argue” for leadership, alternately winning and losing, hyper- and hypotonic symptoms replace each other, they speak of a mixed type.

Upon examination, it turns out that the organs and systems are in order, there are no pathologies in them, and such VSD is called primary. If the symptom complex of vegetative-vascular dystonia occurs against the background of another disease, it is considered secondary.

First signs

Disorders of the autonomic nervous system can cause very diverse manifestations; about 150 of them are known. For VSD, the most characteristic symptoms are those associated with the vascular reaction and the central nervous system:

headache;
noise in ears;
dizziness;
tendency to faint;
increased heart rate;
weakness, drowsiness;
increased sweating;
unclear increase in body temperature;
muscle pain;
trembling in the body and hands.

Individuals with vegetative-vascular dystonia are characterized by mental characteristics:

sudden changes in emotions;
tendency to panic;
obsessive thoughts;
increased anxiety;
suspiciousness in character.

Clinical syndromes of VSD

Autonomic dysfunction syndrome combines sympathetic, parasympathetic and mixed symptom complexes of a generalized, systemic or local nature, manifesting permanently or in the form of paroxysms (vegetative-vascular crises), with non-infectious low-grade fever, and a tendency to temperature asymmetry.

Vagotonia is characterized by bradycardia, difficulty breathing, redness of the facial skin, sweating, salivation, decreased blood pressure, and gastrointestinal dyskinesia. Vagoinsular crisis is manifested by a feeling of heat in the head and face, suffocation, heaviness in the head, nausea, weakness, sweating, dizziness, the urge to defecate, increased intestinal motility, miosis is noted, a decrease in pulse to 45-50 beats per minute, a decrease in blood pressure. up to 80/50 mm Hg. Art.
Sympathicotonia is characterized by tachycardia, pallor skin, increased blood pressure, weakened intestinal motility, mydriasis, chills, feelings of fear and anxiety. During a sympathoadrenal crisis, a headache appears or intensifies, numbness and coldness of the extremities occurs, the face becomes pale, blood pressure rises to 150/90-180/110 mmHg, the pulse quickens to 110-140 beats/min, pain in the area is noted heart, excitement, motor restlessness appear, sometimes body temperature rises to 38-39 °C.
Syndrome of mental disorders - behavioral and motivational disorders - emotional lability, tearfulness, sleep disturbance, feeling of fear, cardiophobia. Patients with VSD have more high level anxiety, they are prone to self-accusation, and experience fear in making decisions. Personal values prevail: great concern for health (hypochondria), activity decreases during illness. When diagnosing, it is important to differentiate between somatoform autonomic dysfunction, in which there are no mental disorders, and hypochondriacal disorder, which is also considered a somatogenic neurosis-like condition, as well as panic disorder and phobias, other nervous and mental diseases.
Mixed crises are characterized by a combination of symptoms typical of crises, or their alternate manifestation. There may also be: red dermographism, zones of hyperalgesia in the precordial region, “spotted” hyperemia of the upper half of the chest, hyperhidrosis and acrocyanosis of the hands, tremor of the hands, non-infectious low-grade fever, a tendency to vegetative-vascular crises and temperature asymmetries.
Hyperventilation (respiratory) syndrome is a subjective sensation of lack of air, chest compression, difficulty inhaling, need for deep breaths. In some patients it occurs in the form of a crisis, clinical picture which is close to suffocation. Most common reasons factors that provoke the development of respiratory syndrome are physical activity, mental stress, staying in a stuffy room, sudden changes in cold and heat, poor tolerance transport. Along with mental factors of shortness of breath great importance has a decrease in the compensatory and adaptive capabilities of the respiratory function to hypoxic loads.
Syndrome of adaptation disorders, asthenic syndrome - fatigue, weakness, intolerance to physical and mental stress, weather dependence. Evidence has been obtained that asthenic syndrome is based on disturbances in transcapillary metabolism, decreased tissue oxygen consumption and impaired hemoglobin dissociation.
Cardiovascular syndrome - cardialgia in the left half of the chest that occurs during emotional rather than physical stress, is accompanied by hypochondriacal disorders and is not relieved by coronal drugs. Blood pressure fluctuations, pulse lability, tachycardia, functional murmurs. ECG and bicycle ergometry most often reveal sinus and extrasystolic arrhythmias; there are no signs of myocardial ischemia.
Neurogastric syndrome - neurogastric aerophagia, esophageal spasm, duodenostasis and other disorders of the motor-evacuation and secretory functions of the stomach and intestines. Patients complain of heartburn, flatulence, constipation.
Syndrome of metabolic tissue and peripheral vascular disorders - tissue edema, myalgia, angiotrophoneurosis, Raynaud's syndrome. Their development is based on changes in vascular tone and vascular permeability, disturbances in transcapillary exchange and microcirculation.
Cerebrovascular syndrome - headaches, dizziness, noise in the head and ears, tendency to faint. Their development is based on cerebral angiodystonia, the pathogenetic basis of which is dysregulation of cerebral vascular tone of a hypertonic, hypotonic or mixed nature. In some patients with persistent cephalgic syndrome, there is a violation of the tone of not only arterial, but also venous vessels, the so-called functional venous hypertension.

Panic attack

This is another syndrome that will be a characteristic symptom of vegetative-vascular dystonia. A person experiences severe fright, a feeling of approaching anxiety, and a wave of fear covers him.

At the same time, the body sends signals about danger, but it does not provide options for solving the problem. Therefore, the patient experiences a strong fear of death, it seems to him that his heart stops, his breathing takes away. It is noteworthy that literally after 10-15 minutes the panic attack against the background of VSD passes, and the person’s condition returns to normal.

Current of VSD

In most cases, without provoking factors, the disease is latent (asymptomatic).

However, under the influence of unfavorable conditions and overloads, crises often occur. Such crises are sometimes sudden in nature and are accompanied by symptoms characteristic of many diseases: pallor, sudden sweating, decreased blood pressure, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, and decreased body temperature.

A crisis surge in disease activity is more severe in older people, especially those who suffer concomitant diseases. In many cases, a crisis is the result of long-accumulated components, and therefore there are frequent cases of manifestation large quantity symptoms at the same time.

Diagnostics

As already mentioned, VSD is a diagnosis of exclusion. Therefore, to diagnose it, everything is necessary additional methods, which will exclude organic pathology. Needed general examination patient, consultation with a neurologist, cardiologist, gastroenterologist and endocrinologist.

A complete cardiac examination is performed: lab tests, cholesterol, ECG, ultrasound of the heart, exercise tests, Holter ECT and blood pressure. X-rays of the chest organs, ultrasound of the abdominal organs, kidneys and thyroid gland, fibrogastroscopy, colonoscopy for gastrointestinal complaints are also prescribed. The level of thyroid hormones is determined, since its pathology is accompanied by similar symptoms.

If no pathology is found during all additional examinations, then the patient is diagnosed with vegetative-vascular dystonia in accordance with:

leading clinical syndrome(cardiac, hypotonic, hypertensive, respiratory, asthenic, neurotic, mixed variant of the course);
degree of severity – mild (3-6 complaints and symptoms), moderate (8-16 signs), severe (more than 17 signs and frequent crises);
phase of the disease (exacerbation or remission).

Treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia

For the described disorder, the treatment regimen must be comprehensive, long-term, take into account the characteristics of dysfunctions, etiological factor and individual characteristics of a person. When this disorder is advanced therapeutic measures will be long lasting.

So, how to get rid of vegetative-vascular dystonia in adults? Usually, therapeutic measures involve the use of non-drug regimens that can be supplemented with sedatives.

Non-drug therapeutic interventions include:

Optimization of periods of work and rest. In order to get rid of the symptoms of VSD, you should evenly alternate between mental and physical labor, and minimize the time spent in front of a computer monitor and TV. If this is not possible, take a break every 60-90 minutes, do gymnastics for the eyes, and warm up for the back.
Maintaining a stable daily routine with mandatory complete rest. The normal duration of night sleep varies from person to person. But for most, this figure should not be less than 8-9 hours. Sleeping conditions are also important. The bedroom should not be stuffy; regular ventilation and wet cleaning are necessary. The bed should be comfortable and suitable for the person’s height and build. It is better to give preference to an orthopedic mattress and pillow.
A diet that includes foods rich in potassium and magnesium. It is these minerals that are involved in the transmission of impulses in nerve endings, improve the activity of the heart and blood vessels, and restore balance in the functioning of the nervous system. Therefore, for VSD, it is recommended to consume buckwheat and oatmeal, legumes, dried fruits, nuts, herbs, potatoes, carrots and eggplants.
Adequate exercise stress. The optimal classes are those that take place at fresh air or in water, but do not put a significant strain on the muscular and cardiovascular systems. Swimming, water aerobics, dancing, skiing and cycling are most suitable for a patient suffering from vegetative-vascular dystonia. With such loads, gentle training of the heart occurs and the psycho-emotional state is normalized. At the same time, you should avoid sports that require sudden movements, high jumps, or staying in static tension for a long time. This creates additional stress on the vessels and can lead to worsening of the disease.
Acupuncture and massage promote relaxation, eliminate anxiety, normalize blood pressure, and restore sleep. For hypertensive type, indicated massage movements at a slow pace with increased impact on the collar area. With a hypotonic variant of VSD, on the contrary, the massage should be fast and intense.
The use of herbal preparations. For VSD with increased blood pressure, herbs with sedative and hypotensive effects (tincture of valerian, peony, motherwort) are suitable. The hypotonic variant of the disease requires taking drugs with a stimulating and activating effect (eleutherococcus, aralia, ginseng).
Physiotherapy methods have a positive effect in vegetative-vascular dystonia due to the normalization of the interaction of various parts of the nervous system and vascular tone. Such procedures improve blood circulation in organs and tissues and activate metabolic processes. The list of techniques used is quite large: electrophoresis with medicinal solutions on the cervical spine, applications of ozokerite or paraffin on the collar area, laser irradiation in combination with magnetotherapy. Water procedures have an excellent effect. For all types of VSD, contrast baths, circular and fan showers, underwater massage, and swimming are recommended.
For hypotonic type VSD, it is necessary to consume foods that increase vascular tone: green tea, natural coffee, milk. In case of hypertensive variant of the disease, foods that provoke a rise in blood pressure should be excluded from the diet: strong tea and coffee, pickles and spicy dishes.

When diagnosing vegetative-vascular dystonia, drugs are prescribed exclusively by the attending physician. The therapeutic effect is focused on restoring balance in the functioning of the ganglion system.

Drugs for VSD

Drug treatment is determined by the predominant symptoms in a particular patient. The main group of drugs for VSD consists of drugs with a sedative effect:

Herbal remedies – valerian, motherwort, novo-passit, etc.;
Antidepressants – cipralex, paroxetine, amitriptyline;
Tranquilizers - seduxen, elenium, tazepam, grandaxin.

In some cases, they are prescribed nootropics(piracetam, omnarone), vascular drugs (cinnarizine, actovegin, cavinton), psychotropics - grandaxin, mezapam, sonapax. With the hypotonic type of VSD, taking adaptogens and tonic herbal remedies - eleutherococcus, ginseng, pantocrine - helps.

As a rule, treatment begins with “softer” herbal remedies If there is no effect, mild tranquilizers and antidepressants are added. For severe anxiety, attacks panic attacks, neurosis-like disorders without medicinal correction and there’s no way around it at all.

Symptomatic therapy is aimed at eliminating symptoms from other organs, primarily the cardiovascular system.

For tachycardia and increased blood pressure, anaprilin and other drugs from the group of beta-blockers (atenolol, egilok) are prescribed. ACE inhibitors. Cardialgia is usually relieved by taking sedatives– seduxena, corvalol, valocordin.

Bradycardia less than 50 heart beats per minute requires the use of atropine and belladonna preparations. Cool, tonic baths and showers and physical exercise are helpful.

Folk remedies

First of all, treatment of VSD with folk remedies involves providing vascular support.

Calming charges. To restore the harmonious state of the nervous system, it is useful to drink herbal teas, which can be purchased at the pharmacy or prepared yourself. Here is one of them: mix valerian root, cumin, motherwort, dill and calendula in equal proportions. Pour 1 teaspoon of the mixture into 150 ml of boiling water, leave for 2 hours and strain. Take the medicine 5 times a day, 15 ml for a month. It is not recommended to skip, since regularity of administration directly affects the effectiveness of treatment.
Another balm is prepared not only to strengthen blood vessels, it helps with strokes and heart attacks, vascular atherosclerosis, noise in the head, ears, inflammatory processes– Considering the composition, it turns out to be a very strong remedy. To make it, three tinctures are prepared: 40 grams of red clover flowers are poured with 40% alcohol in an amount of 500 ml and infused in the dark for 14 days, then filtered. The second infusion is prepared from the root Caucasian Dioscorea in an amount of 50 grams, pre-chopped. The ingredient is poured with 40% alcohol in a volume of 500 ml and infused like clover. The third tincture is prepared from soft propolis, which is crushed and filled with 70% alcohol in a darkened glass container in a ratio of 100 grams per 1000 ml. The container is tightly closed, infused in the dark for 10 days at room temperature, and filtered. Then the tinctures are thoroughly mixed in a 1:1:1 ratio. The balm is taken in a small spoon three times a day after meals, first diluted with water in a volume of 50 ml. The duration of such therapy is two months. Then you should take a break for 14 days and repeat the course.
You need to take a glass of dry dill seeds, add two large spoons of crushed valerian root to them, place the mixture in a thermos and add a liter of water brought to a boil. The composition is infused for 24 hours, after which it is filtered and 500 ml of natural honey is added to the liquid. Mix everything thoroughly and place in the refrigerator. The medicine is taken three times a day before meals. At least 30 minutes should pass before eating. A single amount of the mixture is one large spoon. The course of treatment lasts until the end of the prepared drug.

This is not worth doing

What should not be done by patients with vegetative-vascular dystonia?

Get involved in diets and fasting.
It's hard to look at what's happening in life negatively.
Create additional stress for the body - contrast showers, modern breathing practices.
Practice meditation.
Exhaust yourself with heavy physical activity.
Try to find a new manifestation of the disease in yourself.
Drinking alcohol.

Also listen to amateurs in this matter (neighbors, friends, acquaintances, relatives who do not have medical education), especially when it comes to prescribing medications!

Let's sum it up

Many doctors believe that such a diagnosis does not exist. The alarming thing is that no one has yet decided on the nomenclature of the disease, everyone calls it differently, no one can say exactly how it manifests itself.

Any of the symptoms related to the symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia can be found in any person at any period of his life. Not all people in the world can suffer from any disease.

The symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia are described very vaguely and in different ways in different sources. Most patients who have been diagnosed with this for years find it difficult to explain that they do not have such a disease, and indeed that such a disease does not exist. Otherwise, a completely logical question arises: what was he treated for all these months or years?
For many doctors, this diagnosis is a “lifeboat” or a “garbage can”, depending on which way you look at it. If a patient has a number of symptoms, but the examination does not reveal any significant organic pathology, it is impossible to tell him that everything is fine.
He came with complaints, something was bothering him, something brought him to the doctor’s office. He simply will not understand the doctor and will decide that he is not competent enough and will go to another doctor, in the hope that he will understand the problem. Therefore, the doctor uses a proven method and writes the diagnosis “vegetative-vascular dystonia” on the card.

Then he prescribes harmless valerian, motherwort, and walks in the evenings under the moon, accompanied by thoughts about something positive. What do we have? And the wolves are fed, and the sheep are safe. The patient is glad that the cause of his problems has been found; fortunately, the reason is trivial, because most of his friends and relatives have vegetative-vascular dystonia.