What is the difference between a boil and chiria? Sweat glands that secrete secretions at the mouth of the hair follicle. Causes of boils and furunculosis

Furuncle(syn. in everyday life - “ulcer”, “boil”) - this is a type staphyloderma(pustular inflammatory skin disease caused by staphylococcal microorganisms). Characterized by the development of purulent inflammatory process in the hair follicle and surrounding tissue.

Furunculosis– a disease characterized by the appearance of a large number of boils on different parts of the skin.

Carbuncle– a disease in which several nearby hair follicles become inflamed. We can say that these are several boils combined into one. The disease has a more severe course.

Prevalence of boils

Pyoderma* - a group of diseases that include boils - are quite widespread. They make up about 40% of other skin pathologies. Patients with boils make up from 4% to 17% of all patients treated in inpatient dermatological clinics.

IN last years The number of patients with boils of the face, especially the nose area, is increasing.

*Pyoderma is a pustular skin disease. A general concept that unites a large number of various diseases. The two main types of pyoderma are staphyloderma (purulent processes caused by staphylococci) and streptoderma (caused by streptococci).

Anatomy of skin and hair follicles

Human skin is a special organ that covers almost the entire surface of the body. Its area in an adult is on average 1.5 - 2.5 meters. It consists of layers that are tightly connected to each other.

Layers of skin:

• Epidermis- outer layer of skin. Consists of several layers of epithelial cells. The deepest layer is responsible for cell growth and reproduction. Outer layer, horny, represented by horny scales and performs a protective function.
• Dermis. It is located under the epidermis and fits tightly to it. Comprises connective tissue. It is the basis for the epidermis, contains blood vessels and nerves.
• Subcutaneous fat. Represented by adipose tissue.

Skin defense mechanisms

• Maintaining a certain level of acidity. The pH level of the skin ranges from 3 to 7. In such conditions, only microorganisms that are representatives of normal microflora can exist.
• Normal microflora. Microorganisms that are normally present on the surface of the skin prevent the proliferation of pathogens.
• Langerhans cell. These are specific immune cells that are found in the epidermis. They take part in providing immune protection, producing interferon And lysozyme– substances that destroy pathogenic microorganisms.

Structure of hair and hair follicle

Hair– these are keratinized skin appendages. There can be up to 2 million hairs on the human body.

Hair structure:

• Hair shaft- a thin part of the hair that protrudes above the surface of the skin.
• Hair root- part of the hair located deep in the skin, in the hair follicle.

The hair follicle is embedded in the dermis and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Around it there is a dense capsule of connective tissue.

At the bottom of the hair follicle is its expanded part. It contains the hair follicle - the club-shaped expanded lower end of the hair. The hair follicle contains cells, the division of which ensures hair growth. A connective tissue papilla grows into the hair follicle and hair follicle. It contains blood vessels and nerves for nutrition and innervation of the hair.

In the upper part of the hair follicle, an expansion in the form of a funnel is also formed - its mouth. The duct of the sebaceous (any hair) and sweat (only hair located in certain areas of the body) gland flows into it.

Sebaceous glands draining into the mouth of the hair follicle

The sebaceous gland consists of an enlarged part, which is directly responsible for the secretion of sebum, and an excretory duct.

Sebum has complex structure. It has bactericidal properties - it can destroy pathogenic microorganisms that fall on the surface of the skin.

Sebum production in humans is mainly regulated by the adrenal glands and sex hormones. The more testosterone is present in the body, the more active the sebaceous glands work.

Sweat glands that secrete secretions at the mouth of the hair follicle

Only specific ducts flow into the mouths of hair follicles. apocrine sweat glands. The final part of the gland that secretes sweat is located deep in the dermis.

Apocrine sweat glands are located in the armpits, around the nipples, genitals and anus.

Causes of boils and furunculosis

Who is staphylococcus?

Staphylococcus is a microorganism that is constantly present on the surface of the skin normally, and, at the same time, is capable of causing a wide variety of purulent infections, ranging from boils to severe infection blood - sepsis.

How can the same bacteria be both harmless (and sometimes even beneficial) and very dangerous?

The fact is that there are different strains of staphylococci. Strain is a group within a species, like breeds in dogs.

Some strains are completely harmless to humans. Other conditionally pathogenic, that is, they are capable of causing infections only under reduced immunity and other special circumstances. Still others always cause illness if they enter the body.

Normally, 90% of staphylococci found on human skin are harmless strains. 10% are pathogenic, but there are so few of them that they are not capable of causing a purulent process. Boils and furunculosis develop in cases where this ratio changes greatly.

What skin features predispose to the development of boils?

• increased sweating: with constant sweat, the structure and protective properties of the skin are disrupted
• scratching and damage caused by other skin diseases and disorders
• frequent injuries skin: abrasions, scratches, abrasions - any infection easily penetrates through these defects
• constant contact of the skin with discharge from the nose and ears during chronic diseases: rhinitis, otitis, etc.
• skin contamination, lack of personal hygiene: most often, boils form on the back of the neck, as a lot of dirt and sweat accumulate here, and there is constant friction against the collar
• violations of skin protection as a result of occupational hazards: constant contact with lubricating oils, dust (coal, cement, lime, etc.), aggressive chemicals

Decreased immunity

Normal condition the body's immune forces prevent the penetration of any pathogenic microorganisms into the skin.

Factors leading to decreased immune strength and furunculosis:

• severe chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases: tonsillitis, bronchitis, frequent pneumonia, rhinitis and sinusitis, otitis, etc.;
• diseases accompanied by decreased immunity: HIV;
• reception immunosuppressants(drugs intended specifically to suppress the immune system in autoimmune diseases), cytostatics(medicines for the destruction of tumor cells), application radiation therapy;
• hypothermia or overheating;
• insufficient and malnutrition, hypovitaminosis.

Hormonal disorders

Diabetes

Furunculosis can be considered a complication of long-term diabetes mellitus. The disease leads to disruption of blood flow in small vessels. As a result, the skin does not receive sufficient quantity oxygen and nutrients. Dystrophic processes occur in it, decreasing defense mechanisms. Staphylococci penetrate hair follicles more easily.

Excessive adrenal function

The cortex (outer layer) of the adrenal glands secretes glucocorticoid hormones. They have many effects.

Effects of glucocorticoids on boils:

• immunosuppression, decreased skin protection
• increased production of sebum, which accumulates on the skin and in the lumen sebaceous glands, turns into a breeding ground for pathogenic microorganisms

Increasing the content of male sex hormones in the body
Testosterone and its analogues enhance the function of the sebaceous glands of the skin.

Stages of boil development

Usually the boil lasts no more than 10 days. After this, it usually goes away completely. There are 3 stages during a boil:

Stage	Characteristic
Infiltrative stage	Appears on the surface of the skin infiltrate– an area of ​​swelling, redness and hardness. It is painful, gradually increases in size, reaching an average of 1 - 3 cm. The skin around the infiltrate also becomes swollen and painful. The tingling feeling bothers me. A characteristic feature: an infiltrate always forms around the hair, since staphylococci primarily affect the hair follicle and multiply inside it. At this stage of the boil, the phrase “boil is brewing” is often used in everyday life.
Purulent-necrotic stage	It is observed 3 to 4 days after the first symptoms of a boil appear. A core consisting of pus and dead tissue appears in the center of the infiltrate. Its end protrudes above the surface of the skin in the form of an abscess. At a certain point in time, the thin layer of tissue covering the rod bursts, and pus and dead tissue come out. After this there is a significant improvement. All symptoms decrease: swelling and redness begin to subside, pain no longer bothers you. In common parlance, this condition is referred to by the phrase “the boil has broken through.”
Healing stage	After the pus is rejected, the wound remaining at the site of the boil begins to heal. If the boil was small, then after healing there are no signs left on the skin. Ulcers large sizes leave behind scars.

Symptoms of furunculosis

Manifestations of furunculosis depend on the stage of the process, the location of the boil, and the state of the body’s immune forces.

Areas of the body where boils are most common:

• face: nose, nasolabial triangle(the area of ​​skin between the nose and upper lip), ear area
• back of the neck: in in this case a certain role is played by the fact that the skin of the neck constantly experiences friction in contact with the collar
• forearms
• buttocks and thighs

Symptoms of a boil on the face

The face is one of the favorite places to localize a boil, since the skin on the face most often has increased oil content and there is a large number of sebaceous glands. The most common boils are the nose, upper lip, and ear canal area.

Characteristic symptoms and complaints of patients with nasal boils:

• the boil quickly becomes noticeable, since even with small sizes it leads to a cosmetic defect
• there is severe pain
• pain in the area of ​​the boil intensifies during movements of facial muscles, shaving, washing;
• Facial boils, more often than in other places, are accompanied by increased body temperature and general malaise
• headaches are noted
• small boils resemble blackheads (pimples); attempts to squeeze them out are accompanied by severe pain.

Why is a facial boil dangerous?

The veins of the facial area are connected to the veins of the skull. When trying to squeeze out a boil on the face, carelessly pressing on it, the work of facial muscles, or a decrease in immunity, the infection can penetrate into the venous bed and lead to the development of thrombophlebitis - inflammation of the walls of the veins with the formation of blood clots. The face becomes swollen, acquires a bluish coloration, and is painful to touch. The general condition of the patient is severely disturbed, body temperature rises to 40⁰C.

Further, the infection can spread into the cranial cavity, leading to meningitis(inflammation of the meninges), meningoencephalitis(inflammation of the meninges and brain matter), sepsis(generalized inflammation).

There is a rule in purulent surgery: boils on the face that are located above the upper lip should be treated with the utmost caution.

Symptoms of a boil under the armpit

Boils in the armpit are relatively uncommon. Another disease is more common here - hidradenitis– purulent inflammation of the sweat gland.

In general, a boil in the axillary region is accompanied by the same symptoms as boils in other locations. An increase in pain is noted during movements in shoulder joints, careless touching and pressing on the boil.

Symptoms of a boil in the groin area and on the lower limb

IN groin area boils and hidradenitis may occur. A boil in the groin appears typical symptoms and goes through typical stages.

Conditions that may complicate a boil in the groin area and lower limb:

• Regional lymphadenitis. Inflammation of the lymph nodes located in the area of ​​the boil. It appears as a painful lump under the skin. With a boil in the groin, the inguinal lymph nodes are most often affected.
• Regional lymphangitis. Inflammation of the lymphatic vessel located next to the boil. It appears as a painful cord under the skin. Lymphangitis is often combined with lymphadenitis.

Symptoms of a boil in the genital area

Among the boils that arise in the genital area, the furuncle of the labia majora has the greatest specificity. Most often, its development is associated with bartholinitis– purulent staphylococcal inflammation of the Bartholin glands located in the thickness of the labia majora. Normally, their function is associated with the release of a special lubricant.
A furuncle of the labia majora is accompanied by swelling, redness, and severe pain.

Symptoms of a boil in the buttocks and back of the thigh

The largest boils are usually found in the area of ​​the buttocks and thighs. They are accompanied by the most severe symptoms.

Furunculosis

Furunculosis– a disease that is characterized by the appearance of a large number of boils on different parts of the body or in a limited area (most often on the buttocks, thighs). Furunculosis is also called constant recurrence, when after the healing of boils new ones constantly appear.

Types of furunculosis, depending on the severity of the process:

• acute furunculosis: there are many boils on the skin at the same time
• chronic furunculosis: sequential appearance of boils, when some disappear while others appear - this form of the disease usually lasts for a very long time

Types of furunculosis depending on the prevalence of elements:

• disseminated(common) furunculosis: boils are found throughout the body;
• localized(limited) furunculosis: all boils are concentrated in only one limited area.

Causes of furunculosis

The causes of individual boils and furunculosis are described above. Furunculosis almost always occurs against the background of decreased immunity.

Symptoms of furunculosis

Furunculosis is accompanied by the same symptoms as a single boil. Each element sequentially goes through three stages of development. But with furunculosis, signs of a violation of the general condition are more pronounced. Malaise and elevated body temperature are noted.

Complications of furunculosis

Complications with furunculosis are relatively common.

The most common complications of furunculosis:

• lymphadenitis– inflammation of nearby lymph nodes;
• lymphangitis– inflammation of nearby lymphatic vessels;
• sepsis, or, in common parlance - blood poisoning - a severe generalized infectious process;
• meningitis and meningoencephalitis – inflammation of the meninges and brain substance when infection penetrates into the cranial cavity (if the skin of the face and head is affected);
• arthritis – inflammation in the joints (with skin lesions in the joint area);
• glomerulonephritis – inflammatory disease kidney

Treatment of furunculosis

When should you see a doctor to open a boil?

In most cases, uncomplicated boils do not require surgical treatment. Conservative techniques are used.

Treatment methods for uncomplicated boils at the infiltration stage:

• wiping the skin in the area of ​​the abscess with an antiseptic solution, most often with ordinary medical alcohol
• frequent hand washing with soap and antiseptics
• cauterization of the boil itself with iodine solution (5%)
• applying dry heat to the boil (under no circumstances apply compresses to the area of ​​the boil: this helps loosen the abscess and spread it to surrounding tissues)
• UHF therapy
• laser therapy

Despite the fact that a boil can be treated at home, it is still worth contacting a surgeon or dermatologist at the clinic. The doctor will examine the abscess and give recommendations for treatment. If appropriate indications are found, the doctor will give a referral for hospital treatment. If necessary, he will perform a blockade: he will inject a mixture of antibiotic and anesthetic solutions (Novocaine) into the area of ​​the boil.

Treatment methods for uncomplicated boils at the stage of formation of the rod

When the abscess has already formed, you need to help ensure that its opening occurs as quickly as possible.

What is important to remember:

• only a doctor after an examination can say exactly what stage the boil is at and whether it is ready to burst
• In no case should you try to squeeze out the abscess yourself: any pressure on the boil can cause it to begin to spread to surrounding tissues

Methods for treating boils at the stage of formation of a purulent-necrotic core:

• The doctor applies a bandage with several crystals to the skin in the area of ​​the boil. salicylic acid. After some time, they corrode the cover of the boil and contribute to the release of the purulent-necrotic core.
• The doctor removes the purulent-necrotic rod using a thin clamp. This is done very carefully, avoiding pressing on the boil.

After the abscess has broken through, the doctor places a small rubber strip cut from a glove into it. There will be an outflow of pus through it. Apply a bandage. After 3 days, the gum is removed, the bandage is removed, and the boil is treated with brilliant green.

When is surgical treatment indicated for a boil?

One of the complications of a boil is subcutaneous abscess(abscess). It is formed when pus spreads into the subcutaneous fatty tissue. A subcutaneous abscess must be opened. Such patients are treated in a hospital setting.

Is it possible to squeeze out a boil?

Doing this is strictly prohibited. During squeezing, the pus spreads into the surrounding tissues, venous and lymphatic vessels. This can lead to serious complications.

It is especially dangerous to squeeze out boils located on the face.

When should you start taking antibiotics for a boil?

For uncomplicated boils, antibiotic therapy and other general treatment methods are not prescribed.

Conditions for which antibiotic therapy is indicated:

• complications of boils: lymphadenitis, lymphangitis, thrombophlebitis, etc.
• boils located in the facial area
• boils that occur against the background of other serious diseases: diabetes, severe infections, HIV, etc.

Antibiotics used to treat boils

Name	Application
Penicillins: ampicillin amoxicillin amoxiclav	Antibiotics from the penicillin group are the oldest. Many of them remain effective against staphylococci and other microorganisms. Penicillins are broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs.
Cephalosporins: ceftriaxone cefuroxime cefotaxime	Usually more effective than penicillins. These antibiotics are prescribed most often because they have a relatively low cost and a pronounced effect. Available in the form of powders for dilution and injection.
Gentamicin	It is a fairly powerful antibacterial drug, but has a number of contraindications. Under no circumstances should it be used by children or pregnant women. Available in the form of tablets, injection solutions and ointments. Local forms (ointments) have fewer contraindications.
Tetracycline	Broad-spectrum antibiotic. Effective against many types of microorganisms. Can be used for general (in tablets) and local (in the form of ointment) treatment of boils.
Levomycetin	Powerful antibiotic. It is used topically for boils, in the form of an ointment (see below).

Attention! Self-medication with antibiotics for boils is often ineffective and can lead to negative consequences. These medications must be prescribed by a doctor.

In addition to the use of antibiotics, such general treatment methods as UV therapy and anti-inflammatory drugs are used.

What to do if boils appear frequently? Treatment of furunculosis.

If a large number of boils appear on the body at once, or they occur very often, then this condition is called furunculosis.

Self-medication of furunculosis most often does not bring any effect. Incorrect treatment can lead to further spread of the process and serious complications. To prescribe the correct therapy, you must consult a doctor.

Treatment methods for furunculosis :

Method	Description
UV therapy	Ultraviolet radiation has antibacterial effect, promotes tissue regeneration.
Laser therapy	Effects of laser radiation: destruction of pathogens improving blood circulation and skin regeneration pain reduction
T-activin	Immunostimulant, promotes the formation and activation of leukocytes - immune cells. Treatment with T-activin is carried out under the strict supervision of a physician.
Antistaphylococcal immunoglobulin	Immunoglobulins are antibodies that protect the body from foreign antigens. For furunculosis, antibodies produced against staphylococci are used. Treatment is carried out under the strict supervision of a doctor.
Interferon
Antibiotics	See above “Antibiotics that are used to treat boils”
Rinoleukin	A drug that stimulates the body's general defenses.

What to do if the boil opens on its own, but a lot of pus flows out of it?

After the boil has opened, it must be washed with hydrogen peroxide and a clean bandage applied. After this, wash your hands thoroughly. Contact your doctor at the clinic as soon as possible.

Traditional methods of treating boils

Attention: Improper self-medication can lead to the spread of the purulent process and the development severe complications. Therefore, before using any traditional methods treatment of boils, be sure to consult your doctor.

Coniferous baths for boils

Substances that pine and spruce needles contain:

• phytoncides– destroy pathogenic microorganisms
• vitamin C– is an antioxidant, protects cells from damage, increases protective functions
• tannins– tone the skin and close skin pores.

In order to take pine baths, all you need to do is buy essential oil. You need to dilute a few drops of it in a warm bath and take it for 15-20 minutes daily.

Treatment of boils with aloe leaves

This method is used for ripening boils ( in the stage of infiltration and purulent-necrotic stage) in order to accelerate its breakthrough and rejection of the purulent-necrotic rod.

Aloe is a houseplant that is often grown in pots. It has succulent leaves. To speed up the breakthrough of the boil, their juice is used. The aloe leaf is cut and applied with a cut to the abscess, fixing it with an adhesive plaster. So you need to walk constantly, replacing the aloe leaf 1 - 2 times a day.

Preparation of ointment for boils

Ingredients:

• beeswax – 100 grams
• unrefined vegetable oil – 500 ml
• spruce sulfur – small amount
• lower part of the onion – 10 pieces

It is necessary to pour vegetable oil into an enamel pan and put on fire. When it boils, add beeswax and spruce sulfur. After 30 minutes, add the bottoms of the onions. Cook the resulting mixture for 1 hour, stirring occasionally and skimming off any foam that forms. Then remove from heat, strain, and pour into clean containers. The ointment should cool down, thicken, take on a yellow color and a pleasant smell.

Mode of application: Periodically lubricate the areas where boils occur.

Treatment of boils with garlic

Substances contained in garlic:

• phytoncides – destroy pathogenic microorganisms;
• adaptogens – tone living organs and tissues, help increase defenses.

Method 1. Cut the garlic clove into thin pieces. Take one of them, apply the cut to the boil, and secure with a bandage. Walk like this for a day until the abscess matures and breaks through.

Method 2. Grate a clove of garlic. Apply to the boil and secure with adhesive tape. Walk like this for a day until the abscess matures and breaks through.

Ointments for furunculosis

For furunculosis, ointments containing antibacterial drugs are mainly used.

Gentamicin	Description: Ointment in tubes, from 15 to 80 g. Gentamicin is an antibiotic that is effective against many types of infections, including staphylococcal. Mode of application: Apply to the location of boils 2 – 3 times a day. Usually the course of treatment lasts 7–14 days.
Tetracycline	Description: Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Effective against many types of microorganisms, including staphylococci. Available in tubes of 100 g. Method of application 1. Apply a small amount of ointment to the areas location of boils 2 – 3 times a day. Method of application 2. Apply bandages with tetracycline ointment. Change every 12 – 24 hours.
Levomycetin	Description. Levomycetin is a powerful antibiotic that has a pronounced effect in purulent processes. Available for local cutaneous use for furunculosis in the form of liniment (a thick mass like an ointment). Sold in tubes of 25 and 30 g, in cans of 25 and 60 g. Mode of application: Make bandages with chloramphenicol liniment, change once a day.
Levomekol	Active substances: chloramphenicol– antibacterial agent, active against purulent infections methyluracil – medicine stimulating tissue regeneration Description. Levomekol not only has pronounced antibacterial properties, but also stimulates tissue regeneration. Therefore, it is used for large opened boils for speedy cleansing and healing. Mode of application: Soak a sterile gauze pad with ointment and apply it to the wound. Apply a bandage. Perform dressings daily.
Sintomycin	Description. Syntomycin is an antibiotic, which in its chemical structure is very similar to chloramphenicol. Also available in the form of liniment, in 25 g jars. Mode of application. Apply liniment to the area where the boil is located. Place a bandage over it. Perform dressings daily.
Dimexide	Description. Medical drug, belonging to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Eliminates inflammation and pain. Mode of application: Moisten a sterile gauze pad with dimexide. Apply to the location of the boil and apply a bandage. Do dressings daily.

The effectiveness of ichthyol ointment in the treatment of furunculosis

Ichthyol ointment is an ointment prepared on the basis active component Ichthyol. It has anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and analgesic effects. Ichthyol ointment is widely used in the treatment of boils.

Antibacterial properties ichthyol ointment apply to all strains of streptococci and staphylococci.

The pronounced analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of ichthyol ointment appears several hours after its application to the surface of the boil.

Method of using ichthyol ointment for furunculosis

The required amount of ichthyol ointment is applied to the surface of the boil so that it covers the abscess in the form of a cake. Place a cotton swab on top and stick it with an adhesive plaster. The tampon should be changed every 8 hours. After about a day there is improvement.

The effectiveness of Vishnevsky ointment in the treatment of furunculosis

Vishnevsky ointment(full name - balsamic liniment according to Vishnevsky) is a combined drug with a complex composition and several active components.

Basic steps: disinfectant, irritant. Vishnevsky ointment destroys many types of pathogens. Providing irritant effect on the skin, it stimulates tissue regeneration. With a boil, Vishnevsky’s ointment helps soften the walls of the abscess and allow it to penetrate deep into the tissue. This creates a threat of developing a subcutaneous abscess - an abscess. Therefore, the use of Vishnevsky ointment for boils is not practiced.

Why does a boil occur in a pregnant woman and how does it manifest?

Pregnancy is a condition during which the expectant mother often remains defenseless against many ailments and microbes.

Reasons for development

Basically the same as in other patients: an infection gets into the skin in the presence of certain predisposing factors - for example, friction of clothing, lesions chronic infection, endocrine diseases and others.

However the expectant mother is at risk by two additional factors:

• Under the influence of hormones that are produced during pregnancy, physiological decrease in immune activity future mother. Thanks to such hormonal changes, the pregnant woman’s immune system “does not see” the fetus - a “stranger” to her own body. This condition is necessary to maintain pregnancy so that the mother’s immune system does not reject the fetus.
• During pregnancy, the expectant mother provides the fetus nutrients, minerals and vitamins. Therefore, it needs additional supply from outside. However, if this does not happen, then the pregnant woman’s immune system activity decreases even more.

Symptoms

In its development, a boil usually goes through all its typical stages. That's why local signs the diseases are the same as in other patients: a dense red tubercle appears, a rod forms, a boil opens (either independently or surgically), the wound heals.

However, taking into account the hormonal changes in the body of the expectant mother general symptoms The diseases are sometimes somewhat more pronounced: body temperature often rises, general malaise and headache appear.

Why is a boil dangerous during pregnancy?

Germs can harm both the expectant mother and the baby.

For mother

A weakened immune system sometimes causes Bacteria spread more easily through the bloodstream to other areas of the skin and organs, causing the development of furunculosis or complications (meningitis, lymphadenitis, sepsis and others).

For the fetus

There is a high risk of infection of the membranes and fetus. Moreover, the consequences depend on the duration of pregnancy.

In the first trimester

The formation of internal organs is disrupted, which leads to the formation birth defects development: heart, kidneys and others. Moreover, they are often incompatible with life, so a miscarriage occurs.

In the second trimester

• Intrauterine infection of the fetus mainly manifests itself after birth. When the lungs are damaged, pneumonia or pleurisy develops, the heart - carditis, the meninges - meningitis and others.
• When the membranes become infected, fetoplacental insufficiency develops (a syndrome in which all functions of the placenta are disrupted). As a result, the fetus experiences oxygen starvation, its growth and development are delayed, and the risk of premature birth increases.
• There is a high probability of developing mastitis in the mother after the birth of the child.

What are the causes of chronic furunculosis?

Common factors contribute to the formation of the disease:

• Severe disturbances in the functioning of all parts of the immune system - for example, with HIV infection, congenital immunodeficiency.
• At taking medications to treat tumors- cytostatics that disrupt the division and development of all cells in the body, including tumor cells.
• For autoimmune diseases(psoriatic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus) drugs are used that suppress the activity of the immune system (Arava, Methotrexate, Metypred).
• Diseases gastrointestinal tract: chronic gastroduodenitis, chronic cholecystitis, erosive bulbitis and others.
• Disturbance of normal intestinal microflora with a predominance of coccal forms, which include Staphylococcus aureus.
• The presence of foci of chronic infection. Most often - ENT organs: tonsillitis (tonsillitis), sinusitis, pharyngitis and others.
• Endocrine diseases, causing disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism ( diabetes), production of hormones by the thyroid gland (thyroiditis) and sex glands (hypogonadism, amenorrhea).
• The presence of allergic diseases or a tendency to allergic reactions: bronchial asthma, allergy to house dust and others. Because in these cases the functioning of the immune system is also impaired.

What are the symptoms of chronic furunculosis?

Most often, the disease occurs in a relapsing form - when, after a period of imaginary well-being (remission), signs of the disease reappear.

The course and manifestations of the disease are determined by the degrees of severity

What are the causes of boils in children?

Due to the characteristics of the body, the disease occurs somewhat more often in children than in adults.

The main “culprit” of the boil is Staphylococcus aureus. However, its reproduction is normally controlled by the immune system. Whereas with the combined influence of certain local and general factors, the disease develops.

Local factors

• Constant rubbing of clothing or minor skin injuries(abrasions, abrasions, scratches), which is not uncommon in children.
• Allergic diseases - for example atopic dermatitis. There is dry skin, erosions and peeling appear on the skin, the child scratches the skin due to itching, and the functioning of the immune system is disrupted.
• Close contact with contaminated objects- for example, while playing outside or in the sandbox.
• Features of skin structure: Children have a thin upper (horny) layer of skin, it has a well-developed network of capillaries and blood supply. Therefore, any microbes enter the skin easily, and then quickly spread through the blood or lymph flow to other areas.
• Poor personal hygiene leads to children introducing bacteria into a wound or abrasion with unwashed palms.

General factors

• Presence in the body foci of chronic infection, in which colonies of staphylococci live (isolated cluster). From them, through the blood and/or lymph flow, bacteria are spread to all organs and tissues, including the skin. The leading diseases are from the ENT organs: chronic tonsillitis, sinusitis (sinusitis, frontal sinusitis).


• Imperfect immune system, which matures in the process of growing up. Therefore, microbes easily penetrate the body without encountering obstacles on their way.


• Endocrine disorders. In children and adolescents, as a rule, hormonal instability of the body plays a large role in the occurrence of boils.
  Under the influence of sex hormones, the functioning of the sebaceous glands is disrupted. Increased production of sebum begins, which leads to blockage of the outlet (mouth) of the sebaceous glands of the hair follicle (sac). In such conditions, infection occurs more easily. In addition, sebum is excellent nutrient medium for staphylococci.
  However, often other endocrine diseases contribute to the development of furunculosis in adolescents and children - for example, diabetes mellitus or dysfunction of the thyroid gland.


• Gastrointestinal diseases: gastritis, colitis, ulcers and others. Digestion of food is disrupted, as is the supply of microelements and vitamins to the body. In addition, Staphylococcus aureus may be present in the intestines.


• Anemia, lack of vitamins and nutrients, physical or emotional stress, anorexia in adolescents(decreased appetite, deliberate refusal to eat) lead to disruption of the immune system.


• Intensive work sweat and sebaceous glands due to immaturity of thermoregulation processes in children under seven years of age. As a result, sweat and sebum quickly accumulate on the surface of the skin. According to research, under such conditions it decreases local immunity, and the protective function of the skin decreases by 17 times.


• Helminthiasis reduce the activity of the immune system, which is quite common in children.

What are the symptoms of boils in children?

A boil can develop on any area of ​​the skin where hair is present, since the disease affects the hair follicles and the adjacent sebaceous gland.

Whereas a boil never forms on the skin of the palms and soles, since there is no hair in these areas.

There are two forms of the disease:

• A large single abscess appears on a limited area of ​​skin. In this case, with timely and adequate treatment, recovery usually occurs within 8-10 days.
• Furunculosis develops: Many boils appear on the skin. The disease can be acute or chronic in its course.

Single boil in children

A large abscess appears, which in its development goes through the same stages as in adults.

However In children there are some differences in the course of the disease:

• As a rule, several symptoms are more pronounced intoxication: The body temperature rises to high levels (38-39°C), general malaise appears, the child refuses to eat, and complains of a headache.
• Despite the rapid course of the disease, usually cure in children occurs in more short time than in adults. In addition, a chronic process develops less often.
• Furuncle in children of wounded age(up to three years) is most often located in places that are difficult to reach for treatment - for example, at the base of the nasal passages.
  Whereas preschoolers and junior schoolchildren boils are mainly located on the nose (slopes, back and base of the nasal passages), forehead, cheeks and chin.
  In other areas of the skin, boils develop somewhat less frequently.
• Due to the location of the boils, as well as the abundant and good blood supply to the skin, there is high risk of spreading infection from the primary focus with the development of acute furunculosis or complications (sepsis, thrombosis of the cavernous veins and others).

Furunculosis in children

Ulcers can appear either in the form of separate clusters on a certain area of ​​the skin or spread to other areas.

Acute furunculosis in children

There are several boils on the skin that appear almost simultaneously. Therefore, they are at the same stage of development.

In this case, as a rule, the child’s general condition is sharply disturbed: he becomes lethargic and refuses to eat, his body temperature rises to high levels and is difficult to lower.

In this case, the course of the disease usually resembles a severe infectious process. Moreover, the general trend is as follows: than younger child- the more severe the disease.

Chronic furunculosis in children

Typically, boils are at different stages of development: at the same time, red bumps, ulcers, and wounds can be seen on the skin after the pus is rejected.

However, most often the disease occurs in a relapsing form: periods of exacerbation alternate with periods of apparent well-being (remission).

The general condition of the child is usually disturbed when new boils appear, resembling the acute course of the disease.

How to treat chronic furunculosis?

This task is quite difficult, since numerous factors lead to its development. Therefore, an integrated approach is required.

Basic principles

1. Local and general treatment depending on the stage of development of the boil and the complications that have formed

At the compaction stage - local treatment with antiseptics, ultraviolet radiation, applications with antibacterial ointments. At the stage of rod formation, if necessary, the boils are opened, drained, treated with antiseptic solutions, and bandaged with antibacterial ointments are applied. When indicated, antibiotics are prescribed taking into account the sensitivity of the microbe to them.
2. Impact on the underlying disease

It is carried out at any stage of development of furunculosis: treatment of foci of chronic infection, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine diseases (for example, diabetes) and others. Therapy is carried out by specialized specialists: ENT doctor, endocrinologist, gastroenterologist and others.
3. Improving immune system function

An immunologist prescribes medications depending on the type of immune system disorder and the stage of the disease. With timely treatment, chronic furunculosis is cured in 80% of cases within 1-2 months of treatment.

How to increase immunity during furunculosis?

Immunostimulating drugs are prescribed as part of complex treatment.

During an exacerbation

A drug	Mechanism of action	Directions for use and duration
Polyoxidonium	Increased activity phagocytes (macrophages, neutrophils) - cells that protect the body by digesting foreign particles and pathogens. They enhance the production of antibodies - blood serum proteins that bind to a microbe or virus and then remove them from the body.	Intramuscularly 6-12 mg once a day. In tablets for resorption under the tongue 2-3 times a day, half an hour before meals. The dose for adolescents is 12 mg, for adults 12-24 mg. The course is 6-12 days, and sometimes longer.
Galavit	Restores the activity of macrophages, which destroy microbes and viruses through digestion. Regulates the production of cytokines - proteins that ensure the transfer of information between molecules and cells of the immune system. Normalizes the production of antibodies.	Daily for adults and children over 12 years old - 100 mg, for children under 12 years old - 50 mg. The drug can be taken in injections, suppositories or tablets. Course - 15 days.
Myelopid	Increases the level of B-lymphocytes - cells of the immune system that produce antibodies. Normalizes the level of CD4 cells (lymphocytes), which send a signal to killer cells of the immune system (T-killers), which destroy microbes and viruses.	3-6 mg intramuscularly daily or every other day. Course - 3-5 injections.
Immunoglobulin class G preparations: Octagam, Gabriglobin, Intraglobin (used when Galavit is ineffective)	They compensate for the deficiency of immunoglobulins G (IgG), which provide long-term immunity against pathogens of many infections. Moreover, for each microbe or virus in the body, its own IgG is produced.	Drugs are administered intravenously only in a hospital setting. The dosage and duration of treatment depend on the specific drug used and the course of the disease.

During remission- during the period when there are no symptoms of the disease

A drug	Indications	Directions for use and doses
Polyoxidonium	Discussed above	Discussed above
Galavit	Discussed above	Discussed above
Lycopid	Increases the activity of phagocytes. Enhances the formation of B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes. Increases antibody production	Dissolve under the tongue half an hour before meals. The dosage depends on the severity of the disease and age. The duration of treatment is about 10 days. If necessary, longer.

Drugs of the future: Neogen and Seramil

Medicines are not yet widely used. However, according to recent studies, their use has reliably established positive changes in the functioning of the immune system.

When using Neogen in remission:

1. The number and ratio of T- and B-lymphocytes are normalized.
2. The activity of phagocytes against Staphylococcus aureus increases.
3. The level of CD4 cells is normalized .

Treatment regimen: daily administration of 1 ml of 0.01% solution intramuscularly. Course - 10 injections.

When using Seramil at the stage of remission and/or exacerbation:

1. The level of B-lymphocytes is normalized.
2. The content of CD8 lymphocytes, the cells of the immune system, which normally complete the body’s immune response when the “stranger” has already been destroyed, decreases. However, with an excess of CD8 lymphocytes, the immune system completes its work much earlier, before it can cope with the microbe or virus. Therefore, it does not fulfill its main function - protective.

Treatment regimen: intramuscular administration of 5 mg of the drug. Course - 5 injections.

How to treat a boil for pregnant women?

The difficulty is that during pregnancy most drugs are prohibited for use because they have a negative effect on the fetus.

Local treatment

Tactics depend on the stage of development of the boil, which is no different from the treatment of other patients.

However, in this case, only drugs are used approved for use during pregnancy:

• Antiseptics- drugs that prevent or suppress the growth of bacteria - Betadine (only up to 12 weeks of pregnancy), Chlorhexidine.
• Ointments- Levomekol, Ichthyol, Syntomycin.

General treatment

Antibiotics are prescribed that are approved for use during pregnancy, taking into account the period: penicillins (Amoxiclav, Ampicillin), cephalosporins (Cefazolin, Ceftriaxone, Suprax, Cefepime), macrolides (Erythromycin, Rovamycin, Vilprafen).

However, antibiotics are only used in case of emergency:

• When complications develop - for example, lymphadenitis (inflammation of the lymph nodes), lymphangitis (inflammation of the lymphatic vessels) and others.
• If the boil is located in a dangerous place: face, neck, scalp.
• For acute or chronic furunculosis.
• In the presence of common diseases - for example, diabetes mellitus, HIV infection, pyelonephritis and others.

Use of drugs improving the functioning of the immune system, not recommended during pregnancy.

Treatment of foci of chronic infection

The most common “place of residence” of Staphylococcus aureus is the pharynx and nasopharynx. The microbe is detected by culture from the nasopharynx.

Local processing

1. Antiseptic solutions are used, which are approved for use during pregnancy and also inhibit the growth and reproduction of Staphylococcus aureus.

• Alcohol solution used for gargling. Before use, it is diluted as follows: one teaspoon per 200 ml of warm water.
• Oil solution the pharynx, back wall of the pharynx, tonsils are treated and the nasal cavity is instilled.
• Spray The mouth, throat and nose are irrigated.

All procedures are carried out 3-4 times a day. The course of treatment is 7-10 days.

2. Used staphylococcal bacteriophage which is safe for the fetus:

• The nasopharynx is irrigated: two or three pipettes of the solution are inserted into each nasal passage. Anything that gets into your throat should be swallowed.
• Then you should leave a cotton swab soaked in the bacteriophage in the cavity of each nostril for 5-7 minutes.

Treatment is carried out in the intervals between meals - from one to three times a day. Duration of treatment is 7-10 days.

Moreover, both drugs are also good because they carriage of staphylococcus in the intestines they can be used internally.

How to protect the fetus from infection?

Sometimes carried out immunization with staphylococcal toxoid at 32, 34 and 36 weeks of pregnancy. To do this, 0.5 ml of the drug is injected subcutaneously at the angle of the scapula.

What vitamins should I take for furunculosis?

Vitamins A and E improve skin nutrition and wound healing, promote cell renewal, and participate in protein synthesis.

Vitamin C increases the body's resistance to infections, improving the functioning of the immune system.

B vitamins normalize the functioning of the stomach, intestines, liver, endocrine glands (for example, thyroid), nervous system, participate in protein synthesis and other processes.

It is not difficult to compensate for the deficiency of such a number of vitamins at the same time. Since the modern pharmaceutical industry offers a large selection combination vitamin preparations, also containing minerals, such as iron, calcium and others. For example Vitrum, Multi-Tabs, Centrum.

However, practice proves that it is still better take vitamins separately, in small courses.

For example, drugs with B vitamins- brewer's yeast, Milgamma, Neurobex, Tricortin and others. You can also compensate for the deficiency of B vitamins by taking biologically active additives- for example Mega B Complex, vitamins of the B-dietary supplement "Tiens".

Vitamin C or ascorbic acid Available in tablets or dragees with similar names.

How is a boil treated for diabetes?

In compliance with key principles: local treatment, prescription of immunostimulants, vitamins and other drugs.

However, in diabetes mellitus the main emphasis is on normalizing metabolism and carbohydrates: diet therapy (discussed in the section below) and prescription of medications.

Diabetes mellitus type II (non-insulin dependent)

Insulin is produced. However, cell receptors (proteins with which the substance binds to penetrate inside) in organs and tissues either do not respond to it or their sensitivity is reduced. Therefore, the flow of glucose into the cells is disrupted.

Two groups of drugs are prescribed:

• Drugs that increase the sensitivity of cell receptors to insulin and reduce the absorption of glucose from the intestine: Glucophage, Metformin.
• Drugs that stimulate pancreatic cells to synthesize insulin - for example Gliclazide, Diabepharm, Maninil and others.

Diabetes mellitus type I (insulin dependent)

The pancreas either does not synthesize insulin or produces it in insufficient quantities. In this case, replacement therapy is prescribed with the selection of an individual dose.

There are insulins that have different durations of action: short, medium and long.

Ideally, the patient should receive long-term and/or intermediate insulins throughout the day. In this way, a dosed supply of insulin into the body is achieved, which imitates the normal functioning of the pancreas.

While short-acting insulins are usually used only when necessary: ​​for example, before eating a large meal or a small dose of alcohol.

However, unfortunately, such treatment is quite expensive. Therefore, patients often “sit” on short-acting insulin long years, which aggravates the course of diabetes mellitus and leads to the development of complications.

Diet therapy during treatment is aimed at improving the functioning of the immune system, normalizing metabolism, fighting infection and accelerating the recovery of the skin. Moreover, such a diet resembles nutrition for diabetes, but correction is still required. 1. Simple carbohydrates: sugar and sweets, pasta, cakes, pastries, alcohol, watermelon, banana, grapes and others. They contain carbohydrates (glucose), which are instantly absorbed into the blood from the intestines.

We need carbohydrates for in moderation as a universal source of energy for all processes occurring in the body.

However, when there is an excess of them in the body, completely different mechanisms are triggered, which lead to metabolic disorders, which impairs the functioning of the immune system. In addition, glucose entering the tissues from the blood is an excellent nutrient medium for Staphylococcus aureus.

2. Undesirable fried, salty, sour and spicy dishes. Because their consumption disrupts the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

As a result, the absorption of vitamins, microelements and nutrients, which are necessary for the full functioning of the immune system and the body as a whole, is reduced. In addition, this diet reduces the amount beneficial bacteria in the intestines, which leads to increased growth of pathogens.

3. Extractives, which go into solution when cooking meat, fish, vegetables and mushrooms (broth). Because they increase the production of gastric and intestinal juices, stimulating digestion, increasing the load on the gastrointestinal tract.

In addition, they are quickly absorbed into the blood and increase the load on the liver and have an irritating effect on the skin.

4. You should avoid foods that are known to cause an allergic reaction: chocolate, citrus fruits, products containing preservatives and/or dyes, eggs and others .

1. With a high content of easily digestible proteins: boiled meat and egg white(if you are not allergic to them), lactic acid products (cottage cheese). Proteins are the building material for our tissues, which is important for the full functioning of the immune system and the body as a whole.

2. Vegetable fats(sunflower, olive oil). They have high content vitamins A and E, which improve wound healing, weaken allergic reactions and increase the body's resistance to infections.

3. Animal fats(butter) is better to limit, but not completely exclude from the diet.

4. Fresh vegetables and fruits- sources of vitamins and microelements that are necessary for the functioning of the immune system and wound healing. In addition, they improve the functioning of the digestive system.

5. If there are no problems with the gastrointestinal tract, you can use legume dishes(beans, peas). They contain a lot of plant proteins, vitamins (A, B, C and group B), minerals (magnesium, calcium, sodium).

6. Dried fruits(raisins, dried apricots, prunes, figs) replace sweets and are sources of vitamins and microelements (potassium, vitamin A, groups B and C). They also contain fiber, which improves the functioning of the digestive tract.

7. Porridge is useful(oatmeal, buckwheat, pearl barley, millet), which contain a lot of vitamins, minerals and amino acids (building blocks for protein).

8. Spices. Previously, it was believed that their use should be limited or eliminated in case of furunculosis. However, in the Chita State medical academy Studies have been conducted that have proven that some spices can inhibit the growth and reproduction of Staphylococcus aureus in the intestines. These include turmeric, red pepper, mustard and cloves.

9. You can replace sugar sorbitol or xylitol. Moreover, xylitol is preferable because it also regulates the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates.

You can also use natural sweetener- stevia and extract from its leaves. In addition to adding sweetness to dishes, it also has a lot of useful properties: normalizes the metabolism of fats and carbohydrates, contains vitamins (B1, B2, C, precursors of vitamin A), lowers cholesterol in the blood.

Furuncle(lat. furunculus), boil is a staphylococcal acute purulent-necrotic inflammation of the hair follicle and the surrounding connective tissue. A furuncle is one of the most common pustular skin diseases.

Etiology. The causative agent of the boil is golden, less often white staphylococcus.

Pathogenesis. A boil can form on skin that was unchanged before the disease and can be a complication of existing superficial or deep staphyloderma. In addition to the virulence and pathogenicity of the pathogen strain, exogenous and endogenous predisposing factors play a large role in the occurrence of boils and furunculosis. TO exogenous factors include minor mechanical injuries from particles of dust, coal, metal, which create an entrance gate for infection, friction with clothing (on the neck, lower back, buttocks), which contributes to the re-introduction (passaging) of staphylococci and thereby the transition of saprophytes into pathogenic forms; scratching with nails (for eczema, neurodermatoses, scabies), meteorological conditions. Particular attention should be paid to industrial and household factors of this kind, which can contribute to the appearance of boils in a large number of people. Among endogenous factors that are important are exhaustion of the body, metabolic diseases (diabetes, obesity), gastrointestinal tract, anemia, hypovitaminosis, diseases of the nervous and endocrine systems, alcoholism, constant hypothermia or overheating, etc., leading to a decrease in the overall immunobiological reactivity of the body. In spring and autumn, boils occur more often. Children get sick less often than adults, men more often than women.

Distinguish single boil(one boil appears or it appears again, but after several months or more), recurrent single boils(relapses occur at short intervals - days, weeks) and furunculosis(one boil after another appears).

Clinic and course. There are three stages in the development of a boil:

1. stage of development of infiltrate;
2. stage of suppuration and necrosis;
3. healing stage.

Initially, a raised, hard infiltrate of bright red color with blurred boundaries appears around the hair follicle, accompanied by a tingling sensation or slight soreness. Gradually, the infiltrate takes the form of a dense tumor, which expands and becomes more painful; the surrounding tissues swell (in the area of ​​the eyelids, cheeks, lips, swelling can be pronounced). On the 3-4th day, the second stage begins: the boil reaches 1 to 3 cm in diameter, in the center of it a purulent-necrotic core with a pustule on the surface is formed. The boil takes the form of a cone-shaped tumor with smooth, shiny skin. During this period, the pain becomes sharp, the temperature can rise to 37-38 ° C, and symptoms of intoxication may appear (general malaise, weakness, headaches, etc.). Next, the cover of the pustule spontaneously or artificially opens and purulent contents, sometimes mixed with blood, are released from the boil, and then a yellow-green necrotic “plug” (necrotic core). After removal or rejection of the rod, swelling, infiltration and pain disappear, the remaining boil crater is granulated and scarred within 2-3 days. The scar is initially blue-red and gradually becomes white, sometimes barely noticeable. In the normal course of the process, the development cycle of a boil lasts 8-10 days.

When the process is erased, a painful infiltrate is formed without suppuration and necrosis. When small in size, a boil is distinguished from folliculitis by the formation of a small central necrotic core. In weakened patients, exhausted by other diseases, or with irrational treatment, the boil can transform into an abscess (abscess or phlegmonous boil).

Boils can be localized on any part of the skin, except for the skin of the palms and soles, where there are no hair follicles. Single boils especially often appear on the back of the head, the skin of the forearms, lower back, abdomen, buttocks, and lower extremities. Boils of the external auditory canal are characterized by significant pain, and upper lips very dangerous due to the possibility of thrombosis of the lymphatic and venous tracts with the formation of septic phlebitis of cerebral vessels and general sepsis. When the boil is localized on the neck, chest, thigh, or near the lymph nodes, acute stem lymphangitis and lymphadenitis can develop. With boils, metastases to the liver, kidneys and other internal organs can be observed. All these complications make boils in some cases very serious illness. Complications during a boil can be caused by an attempt to squeeze it out, injury from shaving, irrational local treatment and localization on the skin of the face, in the nasolabial triangle, on the skin and mucous membranes of the nose.

Furunculosis is spoken of when there are multiple (although this does not always happen) and recurrent boils! In its course, furunculosis can be acute (lasting from several weeks to 1-2 months and accompanied by the appearance of a large number of boils) and chronic (a small number of boils appear at short intervals or continuously over a number of months).

Diagnosis in typical cases there are no difficulties. It should be differentiated from anthrax, hidradenitis, deep trichophytosis. anthrax initially manifests itself as a napulovesicle, which is covered with a brownish-black scab, with a pronounced infiltrate of the dermis and hypodermis, accompanied sharp pain and significant impairment of general condition. Hidradenitis is a purulent inflammation of the apocrine glands ( armpits, inguinal folds, area of ​​the breast nipples, anus), does not have a central necrotic core. Trichophytosis granuloma is most often localized in the area of ​​the scalp and beard. For the diagnosis, anamnesis (contact with animals), the absence of pronounced pain and purulent-necrotic core, the presence of fungi in the pathological material during microscopy. Sometimes you have to carry out differential diagnosis with erythema nodosum and scrofuloderma (see relevant sections).

Histopathology. Purulent inflammation involves the entire hair follicle, sweat gland and surrounding connective tissue (deep folliculitis with perifollicular infiltrate). Initially, the histopathological picture is similar to that of ostiopholdiculitis, then necrosis of the entire pilosebaceous apparatus and nearby tissues with abundant leukocyte infiltrate along the periphery is noted. The surrounding connective tissue contains many dilated blood vessels and significant swelling of collagen. In the lesion, elastic and collagen fibers are completely destroyed. Collagenized bundles of fibers surround the lesion in a thick ring, making it difficult for infection to penetrate from the lesion into the body (squeezing the boil can lead to the infection breaking through the protective “ring”).

For treatment of boils A large number of methods and means have been proposed. Patients with boils are usually treated on an outpatient basis. Hospitalization is indicated for facial boils, general furunculosis and complicated forms.

The hair around the boil is cut off and the skin is wiped with 70° alcohol, 3% hydrogen peroxide, 2% salicylic or 3% during treatment. boric alcohol from the periphery to the center to prevent dissemination of the process and the occurrence of relapses.

Treatment depends on the stage of the process. IN infiltration period apply ultraviolet irradiation in erythemal doses. At the maturation stage, injections are made around the infiltrate with solutions of antibiotics and novocaine (in surgical departments).
They create rest for the affected part of the body; removable plaster splints are applied to the limbs. If the inflammatory process does not stop, the blockade is repeated daily or every other day until the necrotic core leaves. Apply bandages with a 1% solution of silver nitrate, which are changed daily.

Usually, a one-time injection in the early stages of furunculosis leads to a quick recovery. It is rarely necessary to do a double blockade.

Other stages are characterized by activation and delimitation of the inflammatory process, after which healing quickly occurs.

The cavities of opened boils are washed with a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide and bandages are applied daily with hypertonic solution sodium chloride until the cavity is cleared of necrotic masses. Then, every 2-3 days, bandages with Vishnevsky ointment are applied, and in the presence of granulations, indifferent fatty bandages (with sterile vaseline oil, fish oil, syntomycin emulsion, etc.).

Squeezing out a boil is strictly contraindicated, as this can lead to generalization of infection and development life-threatening complications. The rod is removed only after it is completely separated from the surrounding tissue. The skin around the boil is treated with alcohol, brilliant green or methylene blue. It is also recommended to use ichthyol. The drug has a bactericidal, keratoplasty, local analgesic and anti-inflammatory (due to vasoconstriction) effect. The boil is thickly smeared with ichthyol and covered with loosened cotton wool. When it dries, an “ichthyol cake” is formed, which is easily washed off with warm water. Dressings should be done twice a day. Ichthyol should not be applied to an already opened boil, as this will prevent the outflow of pus and the rejection of the necrotic core.

The appearance of boils on the skin is a very common and unpleasant phenomenon. It occurs suddenly and often becomes a real problem for both adults and children. However, boils can be treated quite well. The main thing is to notice the occurrence of the disease in time and distinguish it from a simple pimple. It is from a pimple, and not from a boil, since in fact a boil and a boil are one and the same disease. It is called a boil in common parlance, and a boil in traditional medicine.

What is a boil?

A boil is an inflammation under the skin around a hair follicle or sebaceous gland, with purulent contents inside. Cause disease staphylococcal bacteria, which get under the skin through a small wound or scratch. Often the disease occurs in an acute form with severe pain.

If many boils appear on the body, then this phenomenon is called furunculosis. This condition requires mandatory consultation with a doctor followed by treatment with antibiotics. Sometimes, in severe and advanced cases, antibacterial therapy does not help and then patients undergo surgical intervention, including blood transfusion.

Symptoms of the disease

The initial symptoms of a boil are always the appearance of itching in the area of ​​the skin where it will subsequently appear.

In the second stage, a small purplish-red swelling of a cone shape appears. In medicine it is called a pustule. The formation has a dense structure and is painful to the touch. Gradually, the size of the swelling increases, and at the third stage it is several times larger than the size of an ordinary pimple.

At the same time, a yellow-green necrotic rod is formed in the central part of the boil.

At the last stage, the formation softens, the rod matures, separates and, together with the purulent contents, breaks out.

When the contents are completely released, pain and swelling quickly decrease, swelling and inflammation gradually disappear.

After the boil has dried and completely healed, a scar sometimes remains in its place.

In addition to local signs of the disease, general symptoms may also occur:

• a feeling of heat and an increase in temperature to 38-39 degrees;
• feeling of chills;
• weakness;
• headache;
• enlarged lymph nodes.

These symptoms are alarm signal and talk about the possible spread of infection throughout the body. This condition cannot be treated on your own, but you should immediately seek professional medical help.

Causes of chiria

An unpleasant infectious formation can appear in every person, regardless of gender and age, even in newborn babies. But men are more susceptible to the disease. This fact has been proven through numerous observations of millions of people around the world.

There can be several reasons for the occurrence of a boil:

• weakened immune system;
• frequent hypothermia;
• swimming in water with low temperature;
• sitting for a long time on a cold surface;
• poor skin hygiene;
• increased sweating;
• diseases of the digestive tract;
• improper and irregular nutrition;
• presence of chronic diseases;
• being in a state of prolonged stress;
• recent infectious disease;
• dermatitis and other skin diseases;
• microtraumas.

Boils often appear in children under 3 years of age. This is due to the fact that the immune system child's body at this age, it has not yet formed and cannot fully resist various infections.

Where can a boil appear?

Inflammatory formation can occur on almost any area of ​​the skin where there is hair and sebaceous glands. The exception is the soles of the feet and palms, since there are no hair follicles.

Depending on the location of the abscess, its names also differ. The appearance of a boil on the eye is called stye. If neighboring areas of the skin are involved in the inflammatory process, then such a formation is called a carbuncle.

Most often, single boils appear on the stomach, back, neck, forearm, legs and buttocks. Their appearance on the back of the head is especially dangerous, since there is a risk of serious complications - infectious meningitis. Their appearance in ear canal is the cause of otitis media, and its location on the lip is the cause of venous thrombosis. Therefore, the treatment of boils in such places should be taken especially seriously.

How to treat an abscess?

Boils are not only painful, but also? as we now know, it is a very dangerous disease, which it is highly not recommended to treat on your own, much less squeeze it out. When squeezed, the bacteria contained in the boil can easily enter the bloodstream and cause general blood poisoning. This process should be carried out by a highly qualified dermatologist or surgeon in medical institution and strictly under his control.

If surgical intervention is not required, the doctor will prescribe the necessary drug treatment. Usually, local therapy is used to eliminate the boil, and in complex cases, complex treatment, which includes the use of antibacterial medications internally.

At the first stage of the disease, regular treatment of boils with medical or salicylic alcohol is prescribed. Among folk remedies, the use of calendula is allowed. It has a good antiseptic effect.

Mild heating has a beneficial effect, as well as a compress with dimexide and water, which promotes the resorption of pus in the boil.

When the rod matures, heating is prohibited. This may worsen your general condition. It is necessary to apply dressings with ichthyol or antibacterial ointment. To reduce pain, take analgesics or anti-inflammatory drugs.

With the right and timely treatment the boil heals quickly. But with incorrect therapy, various systemic complications and the development of multiple carbuncles are possible. Therefore, at the first signs of the development of a boil, it is very important to consult a doctor and begin timely treatment.

Purulent skin diseases cause a lot of trouble to people. As a rule, diseases such as hidradenitis, furunculosis, abscesses, phlegmon, and carbuncles occur due to infection of the body by cocci. What is the difference between a boil and a carbuncle - quite common skin lesions - everyone should know, since no one is immune from microbial attacks on the body. If you see a pimple on your skin, do not rush to squeeze it out. If it is not acne, and for something more serious, you risk spreading staphylococcus to surrounding tissues and even deep into the body. And this is fraught with the most serious consequences.

Causes of appearance and classification of purulent formations

According to statistics, purulent inflammation on the skin occurs due to the activation of Staphylococcus aureus. However, by itself, as a rule, it does not cause such phenomena. He needs a push that would activate the inflammatory mechanism. There are quite a lot of factors that would force the infection to act. For example, these could be:

• tendency to excessive sweating;
• hypothermia;
• hormonal imbalances;
• excess weight;
• reduced immunity;
• diabetes;
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

If a person is struggling with any disease, then his immunity will be somewhat weakened, and this is an excellent reason for staphylococci to attack the body. In clinical practice, there have been cases where boils became the cause of infection of the entire body with staphylococcus. This has an extremely negative effect on the condition of bones, joints, and heart valves. Even a life-threatening disease such as meningitis can occur.

A boil, or boil in common parlance, is a dark red deep seal with a diameter of up to 5 cm.

While it is forming, it tugs and hurts; after it matures and removes the pus, it heals for a couple of weeks. It is possible that a scar will remain. This is especially unpleasant if the boil was somewhere in a visible place, for example, on the face. The services of a plastic surgeon may be needed if the lesion is large.

The formation of a carbuncle is due to the fact that not just one follicle becomes inflamed, as with a boil, but several nearby. They merge together and spread to the subcutaneous fat. Several abscesses with rods form.

The development of this infection is more serious than a boil. It leads to elevated temperature, pain at the site of the lesion, a blood test will show an increased ESR, the number of leukocytes.

General signs and stages

Furuncle and carbuncle go through the same stages in their development. There are 4 of them in total, each with its own manifestations:

• The first stage is called infiltrative. It lasts about three days, depending on the characteristics of the body. A painful, swollen abscess forms.
• The second stage takes about a week. During this time, the skin necrotizes (dies), the person develops a fever, and pain is observed at the site of the lesion. Towards the end of the period of necrosis, the rod breaks through and the pus comes out.
• Stage three is characterized by healing. In the place where the purulent-necrotic infiltrates came out, a crater is formed, which will be covered with young tissue for several more days. If the boil was large, healing may take several weeks.
• In the fourth stage, scarring occurs.

An abscess, a boil or carbuncle, always feels like a shooting pain, turns red, and may even have a blue tint. Due to intoxication, a person feels bad, has a headache, and has no strength. If you press on the site of inflammation, the pain becomes stronger.

What is the difference between a carbuncle and a boil?

A boil or boil differs from a carbuncle in size and texture. A furuncle, due to the fact that one hair follicle is inflamed, occupies a significantly smaller area than a carbuncle. In addition, the latter affects fatty tissue, so the bags of pus lie deeper, and there can be several of them.

Causes

The reasons why boils occur are infections that enter the body. Any abrasion or scratch is an open gate for penetration into the body of a variety of pathogenic microbes. If a person’s immunity is weakened, then the likelihood of infection with staphylococcus increases.

The difference between a boil and a carbuncle becomes obvious if you pay attention to the number of foci of inflammation in one small area. If there are several of them and they are quite deep, it means that you have to deal with a carbuncle. It happens that purulent inflammations occur simultaneously in different parts of the body. In this case, the disease is called furunculosis.

Structure of an abscess

Carbuncles and boils differ in appearance. A carbuncle consists of several follicles merged in one small area, with a common inflamed tissue, several expressive foci of necrotization, and deeply located ulcers that involve fatty tissue in the process. Locations: armpits, buttocks, neck, head, face.

In a boil, inflamed tissue is observed only where hair grows, where there is increased sweating or rubbing of the skin with clothing. The area of ​​the affected area is much smaller than in the first case. If a large boil forms, then inflammation of the tissue around it is clearly felt.

Symptoms

Boils and carbuncles have general signs. But there are quite a lot of excellent ones to make an accurate diagnosis, since due to the complexity of the course of the first type of disease, it needs to be treated more intensively.

Symptoms of intoxication with carbuncle are very expressive:

• the person has a fever;
• the temperature rises;
• consciousness is impaired;
• the place of origin is almost black;
• characterized by severe, bursting-twitching pain;
• nausea and vomiting are observed.

The carbuncle has several rods in the infection zone, so there will also be a lot of ulcers. To these are added small holes called honeycombs. Pus comes out of them little by little.

When the main ulcers are opened, their contents are greenish-gray in color.

Difference in treatment

The differences between a boil and a carbuncle are in the treatment of these suppurations. So, carbuncle should be treated only in a hospital. Such an extensive lesion must be opened by a surgeon. Today, in addition to the usual scalpel, they also resort to laser removal. This method is not so traumatic and leaves minimal marks on the skin. All manipulations are carried out under local anesthesia.

If the carbuncle is located on the head, neck or face, then solid food will have to be put off until recovery; it is better not to talk. Additionally prescribed bed rest.

Besides surgical methods treatment, medications will be needed. They are used after removal of pus to completely eliminate the infection. This includes prescribing antibiotics, treating ulcers with regenerative, antibacterial agents.

Treatment of boils is possible at home. Of course, if the purulent formation is not on the face. If the pain syndrome is severe, it is better to consult a specialist.

For therapy purulent inflammation type of boil, you can resort to various means:

1. As soon as compaction and redness occur, lubricate the area with alcohol or brilliant green.
2. Dry heat will help the abscess to mature faster. Lotions should not be applied, since a humid environment promotes the spread of staphylococcus to neighboring areas.
3. To relieve pain, you can take mild painkillers.
4. Pharmacy products are also suitable to reduce inflammation.
5. If there are several boils, then you cannot do without antibiotics.

In both cases, the issue of improving immunity is relevant.

Thus, the difference between a boil and a carbuncle lies in the external manifestations of these diseases, different symptoms, and different approaches to treatment.

Complications

An untreated boil can lead to more serious inflammation - a skin abscess or phlegmon (spread suppuration). In addition, in practice there have been cases of:

• thrombophlebitis;
• meningitis;
• sepsis as a result of pus getting into the blood;
• inflammation of the joints, spine, heart valves, kidneys.

Why is it important to know the difference

Since the possibility of developing complications with a carbuncle is much more likely and serious, you should know how to distinguish it from a boil. This will help you take appropriate treatment measures in a timely manner.

Inflammatory diseases of the skin of the body are the scourge of humanity. It is impossible to meet a person who, throughout his life, has never encountered the appearance of a purulent formation on the skin - diseases affect regardless of age, gender, and race. There are several common names for ulcers: boils, abscesses, boils. But how similar they are to each other or whether there are certain differences between these concepts is worth understanding.

These symptoms are an alarming signal and indicate the possible spread of infection throughout the body.

An abscess is understood as a slight suppuration of soft tissues as a result of microbial organisms entering areas of damaged skin, for example, cuts, bite marks, abrasions, diaper rash, and syringe puncture sites. Microbial organisms provoke the onset of the inflammatory process - by multiplying, they contribute to the appearance of a purulent mass and its rapid spread in the affected area. The difference between abscesses is the formation of a shell that prevents the spread of infection. Abscesses, as a rule, go away on their own, sometimes pus, if there is a lot of it, flows out spontaneously, bringing relief.

The concepts of boil and boil differ significantly from an abscess. An abscess and a boil are different concepts, although they are characterized by an inflammatory process and the appearance of a purulent mass in the tissues. A boil differs from an abscess in the complexity of its course and the need for mandatory medical treatment.

But what is the difference between a boil and a boil? The only difference is in the name: boils and chiria are two names for a single phenomenon, a medical term and a common name.

Causes and symptoms

A boil is an inflammation under the skin around a hair follicle or sebaceous gland, with purulent contents inside

A furuncle or boil, whatever you call it, appears due to inflammation of the hair follicles. It is a mistake to believe that a boil differs from a boil in the scale of the inflammatory process - these concepts characterize one disease, regardless of:

• nature of the course;
• complexity of inflammation;
• the extent of damage to the skin area.

Read also: Boils in the groin in women and men: causes, treatment

The cause of the disease is bacteria that cause purulent infections - often staphylococcus, streptococcus. The presence of bacteria in the body, against the background of some contributing factors, provokes inflammatory processes in the hair follicles. Among these factors are:

• disruption of the sebaceous glands - failures in the production of sebum, an increase in secretion volumes, changes in the structure, density, and chemical composition of the secretion;
• hormonal disorders - releases of a significant amount of hormones, strong changes in hormonal levels;

If a lot of boils appear on the body, then this phenomenon is called furunculosis.

• infectious diseases - the presence of various infectious diseases caused by microbes or bacteria;
• weakened immunity - as a result of long-term treatment with antibiotics, constant stress, overexertion, unhealthy lifestyle.

Purulent formations may appear on areas of the skin that have hair. The areas of constant friction that are most susceptible to inflammatory processes are the armpits, groin, buttocks, neck, as well as the face as the carrier of the largest number of sebaceous glands.

Stages of development

Medical science suggests distinguishing several stages of the formation, ripening and healing of a boil:

• Infiltration. A hyperemic edematous infiltrate forms, accompanied by redness, tension and soreness of the affected area. There may be symptoms of intoxication - headache, aching joints.
• Suppuration. A purulent-necrotic core is formed, accompanied by elevated temperature and severe pain. If neighboring areas of the skin are involved in the inflammatory process, then such a formation is called a carbuncle
• Aging. Spontaneous or surgical opening of a purulent formation occurs, accompanied by the release of purulent masses. The process is accompanied by an improvement in well-being and a decrease in pain.
• Scar formation. After removing the purulent mass (core) in soft tissues a recess is observed - a canal that previously contained a purulent core. It is gradually filled with granulation tissue - scarring occurs.

The disease can progress in different ways, accompanied by a combination of certain stages, their accelerated or longer course - it all depends on clinical condition patient and the presence of contributing factors.

Treatment

It is necessary to treat chiria and boils, since they are one disease, using the same methods, but preferably without self-medication. Medical consultation is necessary, even when you are confident that you know how to treat and how to treat chiria. The purulent formations themselves may not be as dangerous as their consequences caused by the lack of qualified medical therapy.

Read also: Causes of boils on the body, treatment and prevention

So, to the question: “how to treat chiria?” The attending physician must answer. Medical treatment depends on the nature of the disease, the clinical condition of the patient and the presence of aggravating factors.

Boils are treated mainly on an outpatient basis, if there are no contraindications, complications or complex lesions of the facial area. Therapy consists of several procedures:

disinfection and pain relief; antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drug therapy; opening of the purulent core, drainage of purulent masses; the use of physiotherapy; vitamin therapy.

What is the difference between a boil and chiria?

Almost all people face some kind of skin problems throughout their lives. Furuncles and boils are precisely such pathologies. Few people know the differences and similarities between these concepts. But every person should know that when constant emergence skin pathology, you should contact your doctor for examination and treatment.

Boil is a word synonymous with boil, which means a purulent formation on human skin.

Are there differences between a boil and a boil?

Boil and boil are synonymous words denoting the same ailment - an inflammatory process in the hair follicle. The only difference between these words is that the word boil is a medical term, and boil refers to the popular designation of pathology. However, some people think that this is various phenomena, among which a boil plays the role of a serious inflammation, and a boil is called a purulent type of acne. But in reality there are no differences and, regardless of the name, such a problem implies serious attitude to yourself and selection of adequate therapeutic measures.

Signs of pathology and causes of its occurrence

The appearance of a boil is provoked by various reasons, but they are all interconnected with the penetration of pyogenic bacteria into the skin. Penetration is carried out both from the outside and from the inside. External factors include various traumatic lesions of the skin (abrasions, cuts, animal bites, etc.). A boil can also form due to hypothermia. The most common example is its appearance on the buttocks due to sitting on a cold chair or other surface.

However, a boil can appear without skin exposure. In a person with low immunity, the body begins to actively multiply pyogenic bacteria. These include Staphylococcus aureus. These bacteria are found in the healthy human body and are controlled by strong immune forces. If something provokes their reproduction, they enter the bloodstream and this leads to furunculosis. Also, this disease can be triggered by disrupted intestinal microflora.

Boils are not difficult to distinguish from other skin problems. It looks like a reddish swelling with an inflamed hair follicle located underneath. When ripe, a light green head forms on the boil, which after some time will burst and release its contents. There are cases when a boil is accompanied by:

• increased body temperature;
• attacks of nausea;
• loss of appetite;
• feeling of weakness.

To eliminate boils, you can use folk remedies, pharmaceuticals or surgery. Return to contents

How to get rid of the problem?

Effective and safe removal of boils occurs under the supervision of a surgeon. However, a small single boil can be dealt with at home. First of all, its formation should be accelerated. This is done using warming procedures and compresses made from ichthyol ointment, Vishnevsky balm and aloe pulp. It is worth remembering that warming procedures are contraindicated for patients with elevated body temperature. Compresses are applied for 4 hours; after removing them, it is important to monitor the boil and assess the stage of its maturation.

When the boil ripens (ideally, if it bursts on its own), you should carefully squeeze out its internal contents with gentle movements, then clean the wound with hydrogen peroxide and apply an antibacterial healing agent. But it is better to carry out this manipulation in a hospital. The boil usually leaves a blue-tinged scar. If the scar remains in a visible place, then use anti-scar ointment. You should not cover the boil with cosmetics - this can lead to infection. To prevent further manifestations of boils, it is recommended:

• eat quality foods, eat a balanced diet;
• take vitamin courses;
• monitor timely disinfection of any skin lesions;
• do not overcool;
• Avoid taking antibiotics without indications.

If a person has furunculosis, then treating some boils will not help. In this case, they resort to serious measures, which include taking antibacterial drugs, increasing immune strength and purifying the blood. Therefore, if boils appear regularly, you should consult a doctor to find out the cause and prescribe effective therapy for a specific case.

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What is the difference between a boil and a boil?

How are these two names different?

Important! Inflammation of several nearby follicles and their fusion into one large inflammatory focus is called a carbuncle.

The cause of this disease is pathogenic microorganisms, most often staphylococci and streptococci. Promote the development of the inflammatory process:

• Disturbances in the digestive tract.

These formations can be localized on any part of the body where there are hair follicles. Favorite locations are the face, buttocks and armpits.

Clinical manifestations and symptoms

There are several stages in the development of the disease, each of which is characterized by its own symptoms:

• At the infiltration stage, a brightly hyperemic edematous infiltrate forms around the hair follicle. The skin is red, tense and painful. Some patients experience symptoms of general intoxication: fever, headache, aching joints. The area of ​​infiltration and swelling gradually increases, and the disease moves to the next stage.
• Opening. At this stage, the boil opens spontaneously or with the help of surgery, and the pus comes out. The patient’s well-being improves sharply, his temperature drops and pain subsides.

Treatment of the disease depends on the stage and the presence of associated complications. The disease is treated on an outpatient basis, with the exception of complicated forms and facial boils. At the stage of maturation of the purulent-necrotic rod, the area of ​​the boil is locally disinfected and anesthetized. Systemically, the patient is prescribed antibiotics, anti-inflammatory and painkillers.

At different stages, various types of physiotherapy are used to speed up the resolution of the inflammatory process. In addition, the patient is prescribed to follow a diet with limited hot and spicy foods. Additionally, the patient may be prescribed multivitamins that help restore the body.

What is the difference between a boil and a boil?

Very often medical terminology is simplified ordinary people. And this is not surprising. After all, the names of diseases are sometimes difficult to even pronounce. Therefore, we often call tonsillitis a sore throat, vaginal candidiasis - thrush, intoxication - poisoning, pyelonephritis - kidney inflammation. Is there a difference between a boil and a boil? Let's look into the issue.

What is a boil

When they appear on the skin internal acne. they hurt, and in the maturation stage they make themselves felt by twitching and pulsating. The problem is quite common. Doctors call such pimples boils. And people usually call them boils. In fact, boil and boil are synonyms dermatological disease. The pathology is characterized by the presence of a large dense formation under the skin with severe inflammation hair follicle. Boils can occur due to various reasons, but all of them are associated with the penetration of pathogenic microbes and bacteria under the skin. They get there from the outside, as well as from the inside. External factors that contribute to the occurrence of boils are cuts, scratches, animal bites, and microtraumas. Sometimes a skin problem appears after hypothermia.

Common places for boils to appear are the buttocks. There they appear after a person sits on a cold surface for a long time. Boils can also appear on the face and head.

Most often, people who have reduced body defenses suffer from dermatological problems. It actively develops pyogenic bacteria - Staphylococcus aureus. It should be noted that this microorganism also lives in the body healthy person, but in small quantities and thanks to good immunity does not exceed acceptable standards. If the protective forces are reduced, then Staphylococcus aureus becomes active and multiplies quickly, which leads to the development of a disease called furunculosis. This is the appearance of multiple boils on the body.

Is it necessary to distinguish between a boil and a furuncle?

Boils are a very common problem faced by both adults and children. They cause a lot of inconvenience, but, fortunately, both traditional and traditional medicine successfully combat them. People call them boils, although some consider this not entirely correct. What is the difference between a boil and a boil?

Are there differences?

Let's start with the fact that a boil and a boil are exactly the same thing. These words are absolute synonyms. The only caveat is that a boil is the scientific name for the phenomenon, and a boil is a common name. It is due to differences in semantic connotation (the scientific name seems more serious, “solid”, and, as a result, more frightening) that some people believe that a boil is a large formation accompanied by severe inflammation, and a boil is something like a large pimple.

In fact, a boil is no different from a boil, and, therefore, has the same symptoms, causes and methods of treatment.

Signs of a boil and reasons for its appearance

A boil, which is an acute inflammation of the hair follicle, can appear for various reasons, but all of them are somehow associated with the entry of pyogenic bacteria into the skin. They can get there both from the outside and from the inside. Among external factors Most often, various microtraumas of the skin are considered - scratches, cuts, animal bites. Hypothermia also often leads to the formation of a boil. The most common examples are boils on the buttocks after sitting on a cold surface, as well as boils on the head after a long stay in a draft.

But a boil can appear without such an effect on the skin. If a person has reduced immunity (due to stress, poor ecology, past illnesses and taking certain medications), Staphylococcus aureus can begin to actively multiply in his body - a pyogenic bacterium that lives in the body of a healthy person, but thanks to strong immunity it does not escape out of control. If something contributes to its reproduction, it enters the blood and begins vigorous activity, leading to the development of a disease called furunculosis.

Furunculosis, among other things, can be caused by a violation of the intestinal microflora. It, in turn, arises either as a result of long-term and frequent use of laxatives (women who abuse herbal teas for weight loss, they often encounter this problem), or due to eating foods that stimulate fermentation processes in the intestines - sweets, white bread, milk, some fruits.

Distinguish a boil (aka boil) from others skin formations not difficult. It is a very painful reddish swelling, under which there is a pustule - an inflamed hair follicle. As the boil matures, it is “crowned” with a pale green head, which eventually bursts, releasing the contents of the boil. Sometimes its appearance may be accompanied by other symptoms - fever, nausea, loss of appetite, weakness.

Treatment of boils and prevention of their occurrence

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In order to effectively and safely get rid of boils, it is best to contact a good, experienced, qualified surgeon. However, if the boil is not very large and does not entail other symptoms, you can fight it on your own.

The first step is to speed up its maturation. For this, compresses with ichthyol mallow, Vishnevsky balm or aloe pulp are used, as well as warming procedures. Keep in mind that the latter are contraindicated for you if you have a fever. Compresses need to be changed every four hours, constantly monitoring the condition of the boil and assessing the stage of its development.

When the boil matures (and ideally breaks out on its own), it is necessary to very carefully and thoroughly squeeze out its contents, and then rinse the wound with hydrogen peroxide and apply a bandage with an antibacterial healing agent. After a boil, a bluish scar remains, which may not disappear for a very long time. If the boil was on a very visible part of the body (for example, on the face), it is recommended to use anti-scar products after it has healed. But under no circumstances should you mask an “active” boil with cosmetics - this can lead to infection.

Of course, if you suffer from furunculosis, the treatment of individual boils will not be limited to. Serious measures will be necessary - taking antibiotics, strengthening the immune system, purifying the blood. In some cases, people struggle with this disease for years. However, with furunculosis on initial stages sometimes folk remedies cope successfully - brewer's yeast, Activated carbon, birch tar, herbal decoctions.

In order to protect yourself from the further appearance of boils, you need to:

• balance your menu;
• take vitamins;
• promptly disinfect any skin damage;
• avoid hypothermia;
• do not take antibiotics unless absolutely necessary.

Believe me, following all these measures is much easier than treating boils. Therefore, treat your body responsibly and be healthy!

Furuncle and boil are synonyms, i.e. these two names refer to the same problem, namely inflammation of the hair follicle. The name “furuncle” is used in medical terminology, and “boil” is the popular designation for this disease. Some patients believe that these are two different conditions and a boil is a serious inflammation, and a boil is a small one. purulent pimples. In fact, there are no differences, and no matter what you call the boil, it requires taking yourself seriously and selecting an adequate treatment regimen.

Causes of this disease

• Microtraumas, scratches and damage to the skin. Sometimes one unsuccessfully squeezed pimple becomes the cause of the development of a large boil.
• Hypothermia, stress, decreased general immunity.
• Some accompanying illnesses, for example, diabetes mellitus.

1. Formation of a purulent-necrotic core, or the stage of suppuration. By 3–4 days, a purulent core forms, which is visible under the tense skin. The patient has a high fever and severe pain.
2. Scarring. After rejection or surgical removal of the purulent core, a small depression remains, which is gradually filled with granulation tissue and begins to scar. Clinical symptoms at this stage the patient is no longer bothered.

Important! There are different options for the clinical course of a boil. It can end in the first stages or cause complications.

What is the danger of this disease?

The main danger of this disease is the potential development of life-threatening complications. Thus, boils located in the area of ​​the nasolabial triangle should be under close medical attention.

The blood supply in this area has such characteristics that infection blood vessels can easily penetrate into the area of ​​the orbit and skull, causing the development of intracerebral and orbital complications. When boils are located near the lymph nodes, patients often experience lymphadenitis and lymphangitis.

Decreased immunity and illiterate treatment of the disease can lead to generalization infectious process and the development of sepsis (blood poisoning).

How is the treatment carried out?

After the stage of abscess formation, when the purulent core has matured, the boil is opened surgically. After opening and draining the pus, a drain is placed into the cavity of the boil and an antiseptic bandage is applied. The patient continues to receive antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs at this stage.

A boil, or boil, is an acute purulent-necrotic disease of the hair follicle, which is accompanied by the development unpleasant symptoms. The disease is treated conservatively or surgically depending on the stage of formation and the presence of complications.