Gynecology is an industry clinical medicine... She deals with diseases of the female genital area.
Important! In girls, cystitis occurs due to urine entering the vagina, as well as vulvovaginitis, in which the bladder becomes infected.
Attention! Painful periods can be caused by the use of intrauterine contraceptives.
Important! During treatment, algomenorrhea should not be consumed alcoholic drinks, spicy food. It is necessary to lead a correct lifestyle, avoid physical overload and emotional stress.
Female genital organs (Anatomy) - video
Algomenorrhea
This disease is characterized by painful periods... Algomenorrhea is functional and organic. In addition, algomenorrhea can be primary (with infantilism or malformations of the genital organs) and secondary (with endometriosis and inflammatory processes of the genital organs).
Causes
Diseases lead to functional algomenorrhea nervous system... In addition, the disease can develop against the background of infantilism.
Organic algomenorrhea occurs with malformations of the genital organs, endometriosis, inflammatory processes of the uterus and its appendages.
Symptoms
Algomenorrhea is accompanied by severe pain, which, in the functional form of the disease, appear on the eve or on the first day of menstruation, and in the organic form, they are present throughout the entire menstruation and are stronger.
Treatment of diseases of the female genital organs
In the treatment of algomenorrhea, juice from viburnum berries helps very well. For its preparation, the berries are squeezed through a dense linen cloth and mixed with sugar. For 1 liter of juice, take 2 kg of sugar. The juice should be taken in 2-3 tbsp. l. 3-4 times a day with a little water.
In addition, it is useful to drink peppermint tea with rowan juice several times a day. In this case, it is recommended to lie more, and lubricate the lower abdomen ichthyol ointment half and half with petroleum jelly. In the evening, it is recommended to drink a cup of strong hot broth of ginger with sugar.
With very heavy menstruation it is recommended to take an infusion of berries and leaves of wild strawberry: 1 tbsp. l. berries and leaves, taken in equal proportions, are poured with 2 cups of cold boiled water and infused for 6-8 hours, then filtered.
Take an infusion of 0.5 tbsp. l. daily.
Inflammatory diseases
Inflammatory gynecological diseases in women, they occur more often than other diseases of the genital organs. The causative agents, as a rule, are bacteria such as staphylococcus, streptococcus, intestinal Escherichia, gonococcus, tubercle bacillus, Trichomonas, fungi, anaerobic bacteria and others. The nature and course of the disease depends on the pathogen and the body's defenses. If the immune system is compromised, sepsis may develop.
Inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs can lead to menstrual irregularities, infertility, spontaneous abortion, etc.
There are the following inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs:
· vulvitis(inflammation of the vulva and vaginal opening);
· vulvovaginitis(inflammation of the vulva and vagina);
· vaginitis, or colpitis(inflammation of the vaginal mucosa);
· genital warts(multiple benign growths on the surface of the external genital organs and the entrance to the vagina);
· trichomoniasis(vaginal inflammation);
· endocervicitis(inflammation of the mucous membrane of the cervical canal);
· cervical erosion;
· endometritis(inflammation of the mucous and muscular membranes of the uterus);
· metritis(inflammation of all the membranes of the uterus);
· parametritis(inflammation of the peri-uterine tissue);
· pelvioperitonitis(inflammation of the pelvic peritoneum);
· saulpingoophoritis, or adnexi t (inflammation of the uterine appendages).
Causes
Primary vulvitis is the result of uncleanliness or trauma to the genitals.
Diseases female organs are not a rare problem, most women sooner or later face their manifestations in their lives. Such diseases are of a different nature: inflammatory, hormonal, hyperplastic, that is, the occurrence of various neoplasms.
Organs can hurt directly reproductive system, disruptions in their work can cause problems in other areas. Their causes and symptoms are different, so each disease should be considered separately.
Women's diseases
Bartholinitis
Bartholinitis is one of the most common gynecological problems... With this disease, the bartholinite gland, located at the entrance to the vagina, becomes inflamed, which is responsible for the production of a substance that prevents dryness. According to statistics, many women are faced with it, without even suspecting that such a problem may arise.
The danger of this disease is that it forms a cyst, in some cases reaching the size chicken eggs... It can provoke an abscess, and the disease can also pass from acute form chronic and often recur.
Causes
The main reason for the occurrence of bartholinitis is an infection in the gland; this can happen in several ways. It can also appear when you change hormonal background or after the information posted. The reasons for bartholinitis include:
- getting an infection with a lack of hygiene, contact with an infected partner, with other diseases;
- the presence of chronic diseases in the body;
- wearing too tight underwear;
- reduced immunity;
- surgery with complications.
Very often, bartholinitis develops against the background of other diseases, so you should not start your condition, especially if other gynecological problems already exist.
Symptoms
The main symptom of the disease is pain, usually concentrated in the labia, which increases with urination and sexual intercourse. Their tissues become very red, edema may be observed.
When an abscess occurs, symptoms of intoxication are observed. The woman is unwell, the body temperature rises to 40 degrees, chills, nausea and headache.
Important! If there are signs of an abscess, you should immediately consult a doctor - a gynecologist.
Bartholinitis is especially dangerous during pregnancy, the fetus can be infected.
The prolapse of the uterus is an unnatural position of this organ, below its anatomical norm. This condition is also called pelvic organ prolapse and is usually caused by weakness in the pelvic muscles.
This condition usually occurs in women who have undergone pregnancy, also in the risk group of persons near retirement age, with an insufficient level of physical activity, improper diet, provoking frequent constipation and bloating. Also, prolapse of the uterus can be a complication of surgery.
Symptoms
There are not many symptoms of prolapse or prolapse of the uterus, but they all speak quite clearly about this disease. It all starts with pain in the lower abdomen, usually radiating to the lower back. Then other symptoms of prolapse of the uterus appear.
- Squeezing sensation in the pelvic region.
- Frequent urge to urinate, constipation.
- Excessive, sometimes bloody, discharge.
- Menstrual irregularities.
- The occurrence of pain and difficulty during intercourse, on later stages complete impossibility of their commission.
- Sensation foreign body in the vagina.
Important! Some of these symptoms may indicate other diseases, consultation with a specialist is imperative.
Uterine prolapse is critical last stage prolapse, when the uterus completely descends into the vagina and sometimes even comes out. This condition can occur if you do not pay attention to the first symptoms of the disease and do not start appropriate treatment in time.
At this stage, you can determine the disease yourself, the sagging uterus is felt with your fingers, since it often protrudes from the vagina.
Treatment this state can be conservative in the form of wearing a bandage or massage, or operative, it depends on the case.
Dysplasia of the cervix is considered a precancerous condition when there is an abnormality in the development of the epithelium inside it. To determine whether it is dangerous for a woman, an additional examination is needed to show whether this condition is really alarming and may be the first sign of impending cancer. There are several degrees of dysplasia.
The reason for the development of this condition is called the human papillomavirus, which, as it turned out, affects the development of cancer and precancerous conditions... Infection comes from an infected partner.
There are usually no separate symptoms of cervical dysplasia; abnormal discharge or concomitant problems can indirectly indicate it. Dysplasia can only be detected by a gynecologist during an examination.
Important! To detect dysplasia on early stage, you should visit a gynecologist at least once a year for prophylaxis.
Ovarian cyst
An ovarian cyst is a growth on the surface of an organ, usually filled with fluid. In some cases, the size of the cyst can reach 15-20 centimeters in diameter. In addition to non-life-threatening cysts, there are also cysts that can provoke the development of cancer, so their symptoms cannot be ignored.
Causes
Most often, the cause of the development of an ovarian cyst becomes hormonal disbalance... This can happen for many reasons, the most common are stress, surgical intervention, the onset of menopause and various infections sexually transmitted diseases.
Symptoms
Often, during the formation of a cyst, no special symptoms arise, in some cases, the neoplasm disappears by itself in several cycles. Most reliable way to reveal its presence - ultrasound. Symptoms that can indirectly indicate the formation of a cyst:
- lower abdominal pain, usually acute;
- prolonged painful menstruation;
- painful sensations in the vagina;
- trouble urinating;
- seals in the lower abdomen;
- abnormal body hair growth.
If the seal can be felt quite clearly, you need to see a doctor as soon as possible.
Myoma
Myoma of the uterus is a benign tumor that forms from muscle and connective tissue... It is quite common, but, fortunately, has nothing to do with cancer.
The development of this tumor provokes increased amount estrogen, that is, the main cause of fibroids can be called various hormonal disruptions. A high likelihood of fibroids is present in women with a hereditary predisposition and in those who are often stressed.
Usually, this disease proceeds without pronounced symptoms. Unless you can notice irregularities in the menstrual cycle, profuse bleeding, pain in the lower abdomen, radiating to the lower back. In some cases, constipation and urinary problems occur.
Most often, fibroids are detected during preventive examination at the gynecologist, then the appropriate treatment is prescribed.
Important! Despite the fact that fibroids are not malignant, you should not postpone its treatment.
Endometriosis
With endometriosis, the cells of the endometrium lining the uterus begin to grow beyond it, affecting other organs of the female reproductive system. In extremely advanced cases, they can even migrate through the body, but this happens incredibly rarely.
Any obvious changes in a woman's health can become a factor in the onset of a disease: a drop in immunity, other diseases, frequent stress and changes in hormonal levels.
The main problem in diagnosing the disease is that it proceeds with practically no symptoms. Usually, women go to a specialist after their menstruation becomes extremely painful and intense. This is the main symptom of endometriosis. The disease can only be detected during a routine medical examination by a gynecologist.
Ureaplasma
Ureaplasmosis is a sexually transmitted infection. The causative agent is a microbacterium, which is sometimes detected in completely healthy people... Ureaplasmosis is not a typically female problem, but more than half of women often end up carrying it without even knowing it.
The main cause of the disease is infection. You can get infected from a sexual partner, and an infected mother can also transmit the disease to her baby during childbirth.
Symptoms
Sometimes, even with infection, the disease does not develop, but if it does appear, then in women it manifests itself as follows:
- inflammation of the appendages, inflammatory diseases uterus;
- the appearance of kidney stones;
- miscarriages and premature birth.
Reveal ureaplasma using special analyzes... Its very presence in the body is not an indication for treatment, however, all diseases caused by it are subject to therapy.
Thrush
Thrush is one of the most common infections in women, caused by Candida. It is part of the natural microflora, however, with a decrease in immunity, impaired metabolism or inappropriate intake of antibiotics, it causes disease.
The main symptom of thrush is the appearance of abundant cheesy discharge with a rather pungent odor. They are usually accompanied by itching, burning, pain during urination and intercourse. If the disease is not treated in time, it can turn into chronic form and relapse periodically.
Important! Only a specialist after analysis can determine the causative agent of the infection.
Various discharge in women normally do not have pungent odor and have relative transparency, their absence also indicates the presence of any disease. However, if their appearance changes dramatically, other symptoms such as burning, itching and pain appear, this may indicate an infection or other illness.
- Thrush. Most common reason abnormal discharge. With this infection, they are thick, cheesy, have a sharp sour smell... Itching and burning are present.
- Trichomoniasis. Discharge with this disease acquires a pungent fishy odor, becomes purulent, yellowish in appearance. They are accompanied by severe itching and redness of the mucous membrane.
- Bacterial vaginitis. The fishy smell of secretions, they become very liquid, acquire a gray tint. They are accompanied by itching, burning and irritation of the mucous membranes.
To accurately determine if discharge is the norm or pathological condition, you need to see a gynecologist.
Cellulite
Cellulite or liposclerosis is a condition in which the skin on the buttocks, abdomen, and forearms becomes uneven and bumpy. Often this is just a cosmetic defect that occurs in most women, but not a medical pathology.
The main factor behind the appearance of noticeable cellulite is genetic predisposition, in some cases it occurs with hormonal imbalances and improper lifestyle.
However, in some cases, it turns into a more advanced and serious condition, when the normal circulation of blood and lymph is disrupted, this can lead to inflammation of the subcutaneous fatty tissue. Only a doctor can determine whether this condition requires attention or is normal.
All female diseases require attention, even if at first glance they do not seem to be serious pathologies. They can lead to serious consequences... Since most of them proceed without severe symptoms, it is recommended to visit a gynecologist for prophylaxis 1-2 times a year.
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Psychosomatics of diseases of female organs
At any gynecological examination, antenatal clinic, in the hospital and medical institute you will be told that diseases of the female organs arise from the action pathogenic microorganisms, developing due to a decrease in immunity, or a hormonal disorder that has arisen against the background, for example, of stressful situations.
But you will not hear a word there about the true, real reasons women's problems... Only by looking into your own soul, you can understand the language of the body, finally unravel what it wants to tell you with the next inflammation and heal on its own, without the help of drugs and antibiotics.
Let's look at diseases of the main female organs such as the uterus, mammary glands, and ovaries.
The uterus is the most tender and vulnerable place of a woman. That's why always, when we are offended, angry, irritated and experience other negative emotions, especially in relation to men, the uterus suffers first of all, absorbing all the negativity, pain, dirt in thoughts and feelings. The main diseases of the uterus are malignant and benign tumors(fibroids, fibroids), numerous polyps (endometriosis), erosion of the cervix.
Tumors- it is always resentment against men, starting with the father, ending with the husband. Therefore, if you have a benign tumor of the uterus, it means that you are a good, kind person (from the word GOOD tumor), but you cannot forgive! Resentment towards the opposite sex, towards life, towards fate already long time sits inside you, accumulates and multiplies, forming into a tumor.
Fibroid- one of the types of benign tumor, says that you hate some person with all the fibers of your soul. Therefore, if you do not forgive him and do not wish him happiness from your heart, there is a possibility that the fibroid can develop into a malignant tumor. If you already have malignant tumor, which means that your grievances are constantly fueled by evil, unkind thoughts, anger, perhaps even a desire for revenge.
A disease of female organs like polyps- nothing more than uncried tears of self-pity. You are also offended by men, but at the same time you are very sorry for yourself, do not understand why you are all this and why you are so unlucky. In order for the healing of the disease to occur, you need to forgive those you harbor a grudge against and take responsibility for your life. You yourself drew such men and such events into it, so it's time to stop feeling sorry for yourself!
Erosion of the cervix is a wounded female pride. This is the first stage of future grievances against men! After erosion was discovered, benign tumors developed in 90% of women in the future, which in another 30% of women turned into malignant over time. This trend applies to those women who have not been able to forgive, accumulating even more grievances and negative emotions who did not work out during their grievances. Therefore, if on examination you have found such diseases of female organs as cervical erosion or polyps, do not rush to cauterize them, as advises modern medicine... Do not drive the disease deep into the body, but resentment deep into your soul! Just forgive those you are offended at, and the disease will go away.
LAMMONS - a place in the body that symbolizes the manifestation of maternal instinct, care, control, education. The mother feeds the baby through her breast, takes care of him, and if you have problems with the mammary glands, then you are overly attached to your child, and possibly to your husband. The desire to take care of everyone, to control everything, as well as fear for your family, disrupts the harmony in your soul and manifests itself in the form of diseases of the female organs such as mastitis, mastopathy, breast tumors. Stop controlling everything, you will not only strangle your family with your concern, but later you will lie down on the operating table. Your husband is a man and he himself is able to accept correct decisions, and the child was born into this world in order to learn from his mistakes and gain his own experience! When you understand this and change, the results of your diagnostic tests will also change.
The ovaries represent a woman's ability to create. Since they perform two functions in a woman's body - hormonal and reproductive, their condition also shows how much a woman is ready to realize herself as a mother and reveal her femininity. Ovarian diseases indicate that you do not use your creativity, do not believe in yourself, and are afraid of becoming a bad mother. As long as you think that you are not able to do what you want and what you are intended for, you will be tormented by the presence of ovarian cysts and tumors, as well as various inflammations, called salpingitis and adnexitis in medicine.
Dear women, diseases of the female organs are not a sentence! And having learned one of the diagnoses given above, there is no need to panic and fear that this will lead to infertility! The main thing is to work on yourself, forgive, become softer and more feminine, and then you will not only be healthy, but also happy!
Gynecological diseases are diseases of the female genital organs. They can be provoked by injuries, infections, hormonal disorders... It is worth knowing the symptoms through which such diseases make themselves felt. But the problem is that many diseases manifest themselves in almost the same way, so a diagnosis cannot be made without a gynecological examination.
In our article you will find a list with the names of gynecological diseases in women and the symptoms of the most common female diseases.
The main causes of occurrence
The reasons for the appearance of gynecological diseases are conventionally divided into external and internal. Among external causes development, the following factors are distinguished:
- Regular or periodic stress reflexes from the body to external stimuli.
- Frequent change of sexual partners, unprotected sex.
- Bad ecology.
- Antibiotic abuse.
- Pre-existing infectious diseases.
- Early start sexual activity.
- Inadequate hygiene practices.
If we talk about internal reasons, then they are as follows:
Classification of female diseases by groups
Womens gynecological pathologies are divided into several groups:
- Inflammatory. They are provoked by various microorganisms. In list inflammatory diseases in gynecology, endometritis, vaginitis, vulvitis, adnexitis, cervicitis.
- Hormonal. Provoked by problems in the work of the glands internal secretion... These are uterine fibroids, polycystic ovaries, cycle failure.
- Hyperplastic. A neoplasm in the form of a cyst or tumor is suggested. Among them are diseases such as cervical erosion, ovarian cystoma, leukoplakia.
Gynecological diseases are manifested specific symptoms, characteristic precisely for the pathologies of the genital area. This is what can general symptoms gynecological diseases:
- Leucorrhoea - whitish pathological discharge from the vagina.
- Bleeding not associated with menstruation. They can be spotting, strong, profuse, or quite insignificant.
- Burning or itching in the genital area.
- Painful sensations during intimate contact.
- Discomfort when urinating.
- Ulcers or erosion on the genital tract.
- Pressing, bursting or pulling pains lower abdomen.
It is he who is found most often, since the appendages, ovaries and uterus are in close connection between themselves.
As a rule, the disease develops due to falling into intimate organs pathogenic or opportunistic microorganisms, and a decrease in immunity becomes a favorable background for this.
Also frequent factor leading to inflammation - hypothermia... In some cases, the reason is the installation intrauterine device, abortion, difficult labor.
The main symptoms of inflammation of the appendages and ovaries- this is pain lower abdomen, itching, odorless discharge, elevated temperature body, headache, dizziness, general weakness... Typically, symptoms appear a couple of days after infection. If hypothermia occurs, the state of health may deteriorate immediately. If the disease is not treated, then from an acute form it can turn into a chronic one.
Chronic salpingo-oophoritis is not so bright... Possible pain in the lumbar region. Stronger painful sensations can appear when pressing on the area of the appendages. They intensify before menstruation. It happens sometimes subfebrile temperature... An inflammatory gynecological disease, adnexitis, is usually diagnosed at the first examination by a gynecologist.
But to determine the cause may be shown additional research for which material is taken from cervical canal and the vagina.
Learn about the symptoms of adnexitis and the features of its treatment from the following video clip:
Uterine fibroids
Colpitis
Is an inflammation in the vaginal mucosa. The factor that provokes it is harmful microorganisms that infect the genitals, for example, herpes, fungus, ureaplasma, and so on.
Colpitis is acute and chronic... V acute phase it manifests itself as painful sensations in the vagina, characteristic discharge, burning sensation, itching. Edema, rash and infiltrates may be visible on the mucous membrane.
At chronic stage the symptoms are erased. Only odorless discharge and itching may occur. The disease is diagnosed using a smear, microscopy of secretions and bacteriological culture. Urine and blood tests may also be done.
For the treatment of colpitis and its consequences, special suppositories, tampons, douching and vaginal treatment can be used. Specific methods are determined based on the results of the analyzes obtained.
Infectious ailments
Often inflammatory processes in the genitals provoke chlamydia, coccal infections, colibacillus and other microorganisms. Venereal diseases can be latent, and not show yourself in any way. But the first signs of infection are vaginal itching, pain when urinating, and odorless discharge.
Rashes may appear on the mucous membranes of the vagina, possibly redness of the skin. Also, the inguinal lymph nodes can sometimes increase in size.
Green and yellow discharge... They may or may not smell. May be broken menstrual cycle... There is a slight rise in temperature. In the groin, itching and pain are possible, in particular during intercourse.
Due to infection and chlamydia, the risk of cervical erosion, inflammation of the ovaries and appendages increases. And infection with the papilloma virus increases the likelihood of cancer.
You will learn about another dangerous infectious disease in women - trichomoniasis by watching an excerpt from the program "Living Healthy":
Treatment features
Treatment female diseases a gynecologist and a venereologist are involved. All medications and other methods of therapy can be prescribed only after examination and an accurate diagnosis.
Antibiotics are prescribed to destroy pathogens... Itching, burning, and discharge can be treated with local preparations such as candles and pills.
After a course of treatment, vitamins may be shown and immunomodulators. Sometimes a magnetic one is prescribed, laser therapy, UHF, electrophoresis.
If the treatment was carried out with the use of antibiotics, after it, therapy against intestinal dysbiosis is necessary.
Many gynecological diseases provoke serious complications, so you need to start treating them as early as possible.
It is also necessary to take into account the fact that numerous female pathologies are asymptomatic, developing and progressing. Therefore, it is very important gynecological examinations with a preventive purpose.
Gynecology
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Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman's body in different periods life, as well as diseases of the female genital area, methods of their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is not only about women's health, but also about motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the undeniable social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.
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