Eye diseases are quite common in cats, both in those that are free-range and in pets that constantly live in a closed room and do not have access to the street.
If doctor established that the cat has conjunctivitis, then he may be not so easy independent disease, but also a manifestation, one of symptoms another serious ailment such as the common cold or viral infections.
That is why it is highly undesirable to start treatment of conjunctivitis in cats on your own, without being examined by a veterinarian and making an accurate diagnosis.
A visit to the animal clinic will allow you to get not only the correct diagnosis, but also the exact appointment for the treatment, a list of necessary veterinary drugs... It should always be remembered that a number of "human" medicines cannot be used on beloved pets.
Causes of the onset of the disease
Conjunctivitis in domestic cats can appear as a consequence of another disease, after trauma, and as a symptom allergic reaction... Sometimes animals suffer from foreign objects, common house dust, sand or soil from broken flower pots in the eyes.
Very often conjunctivitis in young cats develops after a fight, when the hierarchy between representatives of the "cat tribe" is clarified. Scratches can occur on the eye area, and inflamed wounds on the face become a source of infection when washing with paws in the eyes.
There are also more dangerous and serious reasons the appearance of conjunctivitis:
Since there are many reasons for the appearance of eye disease in cats, and they all require different, sometimes diametrically opposite treatment, it can be very dangerous to act on your own.
First you need to show the cat to the veterinarian and get accurate diagnosis, as well as a list of recommended medications. After that, at easy course inflammation can be treated at home.
Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the connective membrane of the eye - conjunctivitis in a cat - is a common disease. It is characterized by many types and forms. This is due to the fact that the organs of vision are in constant contact with environment... V conjunctival sac there is a large number of microorganisms that, with a decrease in the immunity of an animal, are capable of exhibiting disease-causing properties. This often leads to redness, inflammation of the conjunctiva, and in the absence of timely treatment to more serious, irreversible processes that affect the health of the pet. In kittens, old and weakened animals, the disease is more severe.
Causes of conjunctivitis in a cat:
- mechanical injury, hit foreign body in the eye (sand, dust, pieces of wood);
- chemical factors - exposure to gases (ammonia), alkalis, acids;
- infectious diseases in cats (panleukopenia, rhinotracheitis, chlamydia);
- allergy;
- colds;
- with the transition of inflammation from the nearby affected membranes of the eye (with keratitis, blepharitis).
The disease occurs in an acute, subacute or chronic form. Acute current conjunctivitis manifests itself suddenly in the form of a sharp redness of the mucous membrane, lacrimation.
At subacute form these signs are less pronounced.
Chronic inflammation can last for quite a long time without any significant symptoms.
Types of disease, clinical picture
Despite the variety of reasons, causing inflammation connective membrane of the eye, clinical picture diseases for all types of conjunctivitis have common symptoms:
- persistent closure of the eyelids caused by involuntary contraction eye muscles (bleferospasm);
- redness and swelling of the conjunctiva;
- lacrimation, discharge from the eye.
If at least one of the listed signs is found in the pet, the owner must show the cat to the veterinarian.
Most often, cats are registered the following types diseases:
- Catarrhal - occurs due to trauma, infectious diseases ( viral conjunctivitis). With this form, lacrimation, discharge, redness, swelling of the mucous membrane of the eye are noted, with severe damage, it can protrude from under the eyelids (chemosis). Starting in acute, often turns into chronic stage difficult to treat. Outflows from the eye become viscous and thick.
- Purulent conjunctivitis in cats is usually caused by an infection associated with penetration pathogenic microbes into the body. Predisposing reasons: metabolic disorders, decrease in the protective properties of the animal's body. More often it is acute, both eyes are affected. Often occurs with the development of bacterial diseases in an animal ( chlamydial conjunctivitis in cats). Swelling and an increase in the local temperature of the eyelids, photophobia, depression are noted. The discharge from the eyes is at first liquid, then it becomes purulent, of a thick consistency, accumulating on the eyelids, forming gray-yellow crusts.
- Follicular conjunctivitis in cats is characterized by chronic course... The reason is most often a mechanical effect on the organs of vision, complications after previous infections, dry food cat food... There is evidence of viral nature conjunctivitis of this type. Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eye, an increase in lymphatic follicles in the third eyelid are noted.
- Fibrinous conjunctivitis occurs with such acute viral diseases like rhinotracheitis and panleukopenia. In the conjunctival sac, an accumulation of mucopurulent masses occurs, which, when released, form films on the surface of the connective membrane of the eye. Ulceration of the cornea is possible, and if untreated, complete or partial fusion of the eyelids with the eyeball (simblefaron). With such a complicated condition, only a specialist decides what to do.
Many owners, having discovered discharge from the eyes in a kitten, are in no hurry to show the pet to a specialist, thinking that the disease will go away on its own. This is erroneous, since any signs of a deviation from the norm in the body can be a harbinger of a dangerous infection.
Treatment of the disease
If a diagnosis is made - conjunctivitis in cats - how to treat the disease and how long it will take every animal owner is concerned. Despite the fact that currently there is a wide range of medicines, it is quite difficult to cure the disease.
The choice of drugs depends on the type of disease and the severity of its course.
If the owner finds any symptoms in the pet, you should immediately contact your veterinarian who will diagnose and advise on how to treat conjunctivitis in cats. Depending on the type of disease, experts prescribe:
- With catarrhal conjunctivitis - elimination of the cause of occurrence (removal foreign object), washing the mucous membrane of the eye with a solution of Furacilin, Novocaine (0.25%) or Boric acid (2%). The use of drops Iris, Maxitrol, Eubital, Colbiocin 5-8 times a day has shown good results in the treatment of the disease. And also appoint eye ointments: Tetracycline, Erythromycin, which are placed behind the lower eyelid 3-4 times a day. For complicated conditions, the veterinarian may prescribe subconjunctival injections of Dexamethasone in combination with an antibiotic every 3-4 days to reduce inflammation.
- With follicular conjunctivitis, treatment is carried out in a clinic. After anesthesia of the eye, by instilling a solution of Lidocaine (2%) or Dikain (0.5%), scraping of the follicles is carried out from the third eyelid. If necessary, as directed by the attending physician, the procedure is repeated. Drops of Sofradex, Iris are used locally.
- With viral and bacterial diseases, along with the elimination of the underlying infection, eye treatment is carried out. Drops are effective: Interferon (150-200 U), Tsipromed, Colbiocin - 3-4 times a day. If present purulent inflammation mucous membrane - the eyes are washed with a solution of Furacillin (1 tablet per 200 ml of warm boiled water). With fibrinous conjunctivitis after local anesthesia remove films from the eyes.
According to the indications, the veterinarian prescribes intramuscular injection antibiotics, vitamins, immunostimulating drugs.
Folk remedies can be used to treat conjunctivitis, but only after consulting a veterinarian, since they will not replace the main drugs in any case. Usually, a decoction of chamomile, calendula, tea leaves is used to wash the eyes.
Diagnosis and prevention of conjunctivitis
The diagnosis of the disease is carried out on the basis of clinical signs when examining a cat. Experts recommend to establish the cause and purpose correct treatment conduct laboratory tests:
- Bacteriological - examination of smears from the conjunctiva, sowing of secretions on nutrient media, in case of detection of pathogenic microbes, a test is carried out for their sensitivity to drugs, so it will be possible to establish the more effective and how to treat conjunctivitis.
- Cytological - analysis of scrapings from the mucous membrane of the eye, it helps in determining the type of conjunctivitis and identifying the causative agent of the disease (chlamydia, cocci, pathogenic fungi).
- Immunofluorescent and serological - carried out to exclude the viral form of conjunctivitis.
- Immunological - prescribed for suspicion of a disease caused by an allergy.
Necessary measures to prevent the disease:
- vaccinations against calcivirosis, rhinotracheitis, chlamydia;
- regular check-ups with a veterinarian;
- prevent pet hypothermia;
- litter, carrier, household items in a feline environment must be kept clean;
- while walking, avoid contact with stray animals.
The owner, observing simple rules, having information about a disease such as conjunctivitis, will be able to help his pet in time, thereby preserving his health and life.
How to treat a cat's eyes at home?
After the diagnosis of conjunctivitis in a cat by a veterinarian, the owner of the animal can continue the treatment at home. It is important to learn how to properly handle (rinse the eyes) of the pet, to be able to bury the solutions. To this end, the cat must be carefully, trying not to frighten, fix (wrap in thick fabric), to avoid scratches, it is better to have an assistant nearby. The treatment is carried out with cotton swabs dipped in an antiseptic solution (Furacilin), removing suppuration, crusts. Slightly pulling the cat's lower eyelid, the medication prescribed by the doctor is instilled closer to the inner corner of the eye.
The cat is said to have nine lives. But only those who have never encountered the diseases of these pets can think so. In the life of our pets, there are situations when they cannot take care of themselves and then they come to us with dull eyes, silently asking for help. In this article, we will look at an infection that occurs quite often - conjunctivitis in cats. Treatment should begin as early as possible to prevent the development of dangerous form illness and not subject the animal to long and painful suffering.
Features of a dangerous infection
The disease is characterized by reddening of the inner part of the eye, which is caused primarily by an allergic predisposition of the body. Also for the course pathological process may be affected by a virus or bacteria.
Infection is not uncommon ocular membrane as a result of unsanitary conditions or in the usual natural way, when a speck, dust, dirt can get into the mucous membrane of the eyelid. And then, under favorable conditions, microbes begin to multiply, affecting living tissues and provoking the development of a severe stage of the disease, which can threaten all health in general.
V medical reference this infection is called conjunctivitis. U occurs when the eye is injured or as a result of chronic infectious disease accompanied by malaise. Conjunctivitis is a type of upper respiratory tract infection in animals and can begin at a young age.
Signs of the onset of the disease
Examine your pet carefully. If you notice bright red eyes, it is most likely conjunctivitis. In cats, symptoms can take the following forms:
There are times when the infection is mild and difficult to recognize.
Kind of infection
The disease is divided into several types. Consider a fairly common - purulent conjunctivitis in cats. This type of disease is characterized by a markedly depressed mood, pain when moving the eyes and body.
As a result of infection, a dirty yellow liquid is released with unpleasant odor that extends to both eyes. The pet may have swelling, tearfulness, and redness eyeball... In addition, an inflammatory process may occur, which will progress further, going beyond the eye. Therefore, one should not postpone a visit to the veterinarian, it is better to immediately start treating such an unpleasant disease as conjunctivitis in a cat.
In a cat, upon detection purulent infection experts usually recommend using antibiotics in injections, as well as rinsing the eyes with boric acid and applying special ointments to the affected areas.
Home treatment
So, if you have identified an infection at the initial stages of development, it is necessary to provide competent assistance to a small patient in order to cure conjunctivitis as quickly as possible. In cats, treatment at home can be done without additional treatment. An intensive and timely course of therapy will allow the animal to fully recover its health.
There are a large number of various means with the help of which the symptoms will be less pronounced. In inflammatory processes, it is useful to make lotions and compresses on the eyes with such medicinal herbs:
Subject to the proportions and daily care tinctures with medicinal herbs after the first use will allow you to see an amazing result.
Various complications in the body
In the case when ethnoscience doesn't help but inflammatory response continues and the disease progresses, it is prudent to go to a veterinary hospital for qualified specialists. They will conduct an examination and appoint medications that will ease the condition of your furry and eliminate the symptoms of such a painful ailment as conjunctivitis. In a cat, treatment for a complex form of infection should be the fastest and effective way, otherwise a neglected disease can become irreversible process which is very dangerous for your pet's life.
Cat breeds requiring special attention
You should know that hygiene and prevention of eye diseases should be given Special attention owners of British and Persian cats, as well as sphinxes and exotic cats. Take care of your pets! Let them be bypassed by such unpleasant diseases like conjunctivitis. The cat must have a healthy and strong energy to give joy and pleasant company every day. And this means that you will always have well-being and great mood!
Since conjunctivitis in kittens is very common, domestic cat owners need to be prepared to deal with potential problem... The causes of conjunctival inflammation can be different, however, the disease is rarely considered as an independent disease.
In most cases, this is a symptom and consequence of infection, mechanical or chemical injury mucous membrane, damage to the body by helminths, reaction to allergens. Consider how not to miss the onset of the disease and what to do if conjunctivitis in a kitten proceeds in severe form.
Symptoms of catarrhal conjunctivitis in kittens
To begin with, in cats, inflammation of the conjunctiva is classified into several types. Most often, acute catarrhal conjunctivitis is diagnosed, which, without timely treatment, can turn into a chronic form.
Symptoms of acute catarrhal conjunctivitis in kittens:
Slight swelling of the mucous membrane of the eye;
Moderate lacrimation (at the beginning transparent, as the inflammation intensifies - cloudy, thick);
Lumps and strings of mucus in the corner of the eye;
The skin of the eyelids is irritated, red;
Loss of hairs is observed at the place of contact of the outflows on the skin;
During sleep, the discharge dries up, turns into crusts, cilia stick together.
Chronic conjunctivitis in kittens is characterized by a moderate discharge of cloudy mucus, sticking to the eyelashes and the formation of crusts in the corners of the eyes. The skin of the eyelids is inflamed. Hair falls out around the eyes.
Purulent conjunctivitis in kittens: main manifestations
Without treatment, catarrhal conjunctivitis can turn into purulent. This is a more severe form of the disease with an extended symptom complex.
The main signs of purulent conjunctivitis in kittens are:
Discharge of a dirty yellow dense liquid from the eyes with a characteristic purulent odor;
General malaise, lethargy of the animal;
Refusal to eat poor appetite;
Elevated temperature body, fever;
Sore eyes;
Swelling of the eyelids;
Redness of the mucous membrane of the eyeball.
In the inflammatory process with purulent conjunctivitis the cornea of the eye may be involved. With a complicated course of the disease, the mucous membrane swells, turns out, sharply protrudes beyond the orbit.
Symptoms of parenchymal and follicular conjunctivitis in kittens
In the parenchymal form of the disease, inflammation extends not only to the conjunctiva, but also affects other parts of the eye. Because of this, purulent outflows come out not only outside, but also accumulate inside the eye - under the epithelium of the conjunctiva.
The eyelids of a kitten with parenchymal conjunctivitis are very swollen. There is a noticeable redness of the mucous membrane of the eye. If you accidentally touch an inflamed conjunctiva, it begins to bleed.
If left untreated, parenchymal conjunctivitis causes complete blindness.
Follicular conjunctivitis is the most severe form of the disease. The inflammatory process involves the mucous membranes of the eyelids and lymphatic follicles located with inside third century.
Symptoms of follicular conjunctivitis in a kitten:
Small red dots on the inside of the eyelids;
Protrusion of the mucous membrane of the eyelids;
The formation of a cloudy, dirty-gray film on the surface of the mucous membrane of the eyelids;
Soreness of the eyeball;
Narrowing of the eye;
Purulent discharge;
Blepharospasm (eyelids close for a long time);
Photophobia.
Treatment of this form of the disease is complex and lengthy. It is carried out exclusively under the guidance of a veterinarian. In extremely advanced cases, you may need surgery.
What to do if a kitten has conjunctivitis: how to rinse the eyes
Into the complex therapeutic interventions for any form of the disease, eye washing procedures, application medicinal ointments and eye drops... All medications are prescribed by a veterinarian, but the procedures are carried out either on an outpatient basis or by the pet owner at home.
For washing procedures, antiseptic solutions are used (furacilin, potassium permanganate). Concentration medicinal product in a scanty solution (1: 5000), so it is not recommended to cook them yourself. Excessive proportions of antiseptic can harm the kitten and aggravate the course of the disease, causing chemical burn inflamed conjunctiva.
It is safer to rinse the kitten's eyes with black tea. The brew is made of medium strength, without added sugar. Better to brew tea the day before the procedure. It is not recommended to use fresh tea leaves for washing eyes with conjunctivitis in a kitten.
To folk remedies symptomatic treatment conjunctivitis in kittens also includes decoctions of herbs that have anti-inflammatory, sedative properties. First of all, these are calendula and chamomile. Dry herbs are brewed in a proportion of 1 tsp. for 250 ml of boiling water. Insist half an hour. Filter and cool to 36 degrees before use.
Washing procedures are carried out every 3-4 hours. Broth ( antiseptic solution) abundantly moisten a piece of bandage and wipe the kitten carefully, removing all secretions and crusts.
Ointments for the treatment of conjunctivitis in kittens
Special ointments are used to treat acute catarrhal, as well as initial stage purulent and parenchymal conjunctivitis in a kitten. Mainly antibacterial drugs, such as Sofradex, Levomecitin, Tobrex, tetracycline ointment, Aktipol.
Necessary medicines can be purchased from your veterinary pharmacy. If there are none, in agreement with the attending physician it is allowed to use similar drugs intended for the treatment of conjunctivitis in humans.
The procedures are carried out 3-4 times a day. Before installation, the kitten's eyes are thoroughly washed.
The ointment is applied not with a finger or a bandage, but with a special glass stick with a rounded end. The stick is sterilized before the procedure. A small pea of ointment is squeezed onto the tip. Apply under the eyelid in both eyes.
The procedure is unpleasant for the kitten. If he resists desperately, don't push. You can simply apply the ointment to the lower eyelid - when blinking, the medicine is independently distributed throughout the conjunctiva.
What to do if a kitten has conjunctivitis: medical treatment
What does the veterinarian prescribe when a kitten is diagnosed with conjunctivitis? These are anesthetic drugs (Novocaine, Lidocaine), decongestants, anti-inflammatory drugs (hydrocortisone, Dexamethasone), drugs that reduce the intensity of purulent discharge (Sofradex, Ciprofloxacin, Floxadex).
Aloe and TES-normin are used in the treatment of indolent and chronic catarrhal conjunctivitis. Solutions are instilled under the eyelid and silver-based ointments are applied. With puffiness of the eyeball, hydrocortisone (0.2 ml) and novocaine solution (1 ml) are instilled into the eyes.
Treatment of purulent and follicular conjunctivitis in kittens involves injections of antibiotics as prescribed by a veterinarian, rinsing the eyes with a solution boric acid, the use of eye ointments with antibiotics.
The intensity and focus of therapy for conjunctival inflammation depends on the type, form, severity of the disease. Cat owners should not take any action on their own. Treatment is prescribed by a veterinarian after a detailed diagnosis.
It is important to remember that for any form of conjunctivitis, both eyes of the animal are treated. Even if the inflammatory process occurs only in one of them.
Conjunctivitis is a disease with rather severe consequences. Timely attendance for examination by a veterinarian will help to avoid complications, but not self-medication.
There are the following types of disease, depending on the degree of complication of symptoms:
- Catarrhal.
- Purulent.
- Phlegmonous.
- Follicular.
- Allergic.
- Bacterial.
- Purulent.
- Parenchymal.
There are the following types of the course of the disease: acute, subacute and chronic.
Acute form eye disease in pets manifests itself with sudden redness and lacrimation.
Subacute form characterized by less noticeable redness of the eyes and weak lacrimation.
The most dangerous and invisible is chronic form, since with her there is no clear signs, the disease goes unnoticed.
Causes of occurrence
Conjunctivitis occurs not only in a kitten, but also in adults, regardless of immunity, as it is spread by a virus. But the course of the disease and its intensive treatment lasts longer in malnourished and elderly pets. Sickness of the eyes in cats usually occurs due to irritants:
- mechanical - bodies in the eyeball of foreign origin, dust, debris;
- beam - irradiation of the retina with ultraviolet rays;
- chemical - the penetration of poisonous vapors into the eye of an animal;
- allergens - peculiar to each pet individually (possible when infected with worms).
Common symptoms of conjunctivitis in kittens are: redness of the eyelids, swelling, lacrimation... For the treatment of such a disease, it is necessary to know the type of conjunctivitis, which is characterized by a number of symptoms characteristic of them.
With catarrhal conjunctivitis, the fastest and least dangerous form such a disease, there is a thick and cloudy lacrimation of the pet, redness of the eyes, slight swelling of the eyelid, hair loss in places of irritated skin, clumping of cilia from mucous secretions. Body temperature in the range of 37.1-38.0 ° C, but when accompanied by others inflammatory processes the temperature may rise unexpectedly.
The next type of conjunctivitis in a cat is a consequence of non-treatment of a catarrhal type of eye disease - purulent. Purulent conjunctiva in cats is characterized by the accumulation of mucus and its transformation into purulent formations. Therefore, the main symptom is discharge from the pet's eye. a large number pus. In the morning, around the eyes of a cat you can find dried crusts yellowish green in color.
It is possible to observe the phenomenon when the damaged eye is narrowed or closed completely. The pet may have an exhausted state of the body, complete lack of appetite, increase in body temperature, painful sensations around the eyeball. It is the purulent inflammation of the eyelid that, in most cases, indicates the presence of a serious infectious disease. Late visits to the veterinarian and prolonged treatment, threatens the pet with blindness.
Phlegmonous conjunctivitis is manifested by the discharge of pus from the eyes, as well as the entire conjunctiva under the epithelial layer. Such conjunctivitis is much more difficult to treat.
The most severe type of disease is follicular. Inherent signs: protrusion of the pet's eyelid outward, thereby covering the eye, narrowing of the eyes, fear of light, purulent discharge, endless closing of the eyes, the appearance of a dirty gray film on the conjunctiva. Special treatment is necessary, since the follicular form of conjunctivitis often turns into a chronic form.
Treatment
Curing conjunctivitis in a cat is easy. Both eyes are subject to treatment, regardless of the presence of a disease in one eye, and veterinarian supervision is strictly necessary.
For each type of conjunctivitis, it is necessary to flush the pet's eyes with a solution of potassium permanganate, furacilin. For the treatment of catarrhal conjunctivitis, antibiotic-based eye drops and ointments (tetracycline and chloramphenicol) are used.
In practice, veterinarians advise drops"Albucid", "Maxitrol", "Iris", "Colbiotsin" with regularity of use per day up to 8 times. They were the ones who presented the best results in the therapy process. Eye ointments do an excellent job: "Erythromycin" and "Tetracycline" up to 4 times a day. In cases of complications, the veterinarian will prescribe injections"Dexamethasone" every 4 days to reduce inflammation.
With follicular conjunctivitis, therapy is best done in a clinical setting. After spending eye anesthesia, cleaning begins from the third eyelid of the follicles. It is possible to repeat the procedure, but at the discretion veterinarian.
In viral and bacterial diseases, eye treatment begins with the elimination of the main infection. Effective drops are considered: "Interferon", "Colbiocin", "Tsipromed" up to 4 times a day.
When purulent, phlegmonous and follicular conjunctivitis cannot be treated locally, intramuscular injections of antibiotics are prescribed. Their introduction is mandatory, since with ongoing types of the disease, there is no way to recover. After using antibiotics, cats need vitamins and immunostimulating medications.
When the cause of conjunctivitis is allergy, it is necessary find allergen and treat antihistamines... In the case when the development of eye disease was caused by fleas or lice, you should purchase means designed to remove pests from the pharmacy. It is imperative to observe the dosage so as not to harm the pet.
During treatment, before and after eye treatments beloved pet, you should wash your hands with soap and water. This disease is contagious and dangerous, both for other pets and for humans.
Prophylaxis
In order to avoid infection of your beloved pets with conjunctivitis, you must adhere to the measures listed below.
- Maintaining the immunity of the animal.
- Avoiding drafts and hypothermia of the pet.
- Preventive visits to the veterinarian, tests.
- Annual vaccination and deworming.
- Brushing the animal should be done very carefully so that the hair does not get into the eyes.
- Limit pet communication with stray and unkempt cats.
- Compliance hygiene pet and its used accessories.
- Daily wet cleaning of the room, but not in the presence of a pet.
- Finding household chemicals on the upper shelves.
Folk remedies
No less effective, in relation to drugs from a pharmacy, are folk remedies. Of course, they basically do not treat the disease, but only relieve its severity, thereby making life easier for the pet. Effective folk remedies are applicable only on the early stages diseases. These products usually include: chamomile, tea leaves, almond oil. It is safer to wipe the eyes of an animal with a piece of bandage, since cotton wool can leave fibers that will complicate the course of the disease. These infusions are good to use for compresses to a pet.
Also, it is important to systematically wash off around the eyes pet clusters are brownish in color. Ignoring the current rule can lead to the development of dermatitis. The animal will begin to rub its eyes more often, thereby introducing more infection.
It has a very high ability to reduce painful sensations and relieve puffiness. almond oil... It can be used in conjunction with other medications. You should drip 2-3 drops during the day. Infusion of calendula is characterized by the same properties.
Let's consider in detail one of folk remedies - tea brew... For a glass of boiling water, 1 tablespoon of black tea is taken. Pour boiling water over the tea leaves and insist. Then cooled down to room temperature the tea leaves are moistened with a cotton swab and both eyes of the animal are wiped regardless of the fact that there is only one sick eye. Each tampon can only be used once.
With the knowledge given in this article, you can help your pet in time and correctly, which is important in relation to our smaller brothers. It is imperative that, when carrying out the procedures on your own, it is necessary to maintain calmness and silence so as not to frighten or frighten the animal. Open all containers with medicines carefully and with safe items. The cotton swab must be moistened carefully, without spilling the contents on household items, the floor and other surface.
Video
Loading ...